WEBVTT - Part One: The Newsies on Strike: Soaking Scabs & Taking Names 0:00:00.560 --> 0:00:03.640 Hello, and welcome to Cool People. Did Cool Stuff, your 0:00:03.920 --> 0:00:07.360 weekly reminder that we can do good things instead of 0:00:07.600 --> 0:00:11.080 just always doing bad things, but not in an ontological 0:00:11.720 --> 0:00:15.440 moral way. Just to I'm your host, Margaret Kildre, and 0:00:15.680 --> 0:00:17.960 with me today is my guest Andrew T. 0:00:18.600 --> 0:00:20.720 Andrew Hi good. 0:00:20.800 --> 0:00:23.520 I was debating whether I had enough time to off 0:00:23.880 --> 0:00:26.040 off my sneak a little slice of orange. 0:00:26.079 --> 0:00:27.840 But I don't worry listeners. 0:00:28.400 --> 0:00:30.360 By the time this is done, I'll have eaten this 0:00:30.400 --> 0:00:33.680 full orange and you'll you'll either know or you won't. 0:00:34.400 --> 0:00:38.000 You can always tell when somebody's like a seasoned podcast 0:00:38.120 --> 0:00:42.239 or by like, how well could I sneak this snack? 0:00:43.159 --> 0:00:43.519 Yeah? 0:00:43.640 --> 0:00:45.560 I just thought I had a little more intro time. 0:00:46.120 --> 0:00:49.400 Oh no, I'm sorry. Usually I do, but I'm doing 0:00:49.400 --> 0:00:52.919 this thing where I'm lazier with my intros now it's 0:00:52.960 --> 0:00:53.560 sucking great. 0:00:54.040 --> 0:00:56.400 Keep me on my on my orange toes. Okay, so 0:00:56.720 --> 0:00:58.840 I'm holding up for the zoom. You see, I have 0:00:58.880 --> 0:01:01.120 this much orange. This is going to be gone by 0:01:01.120 --> 0:01:03.080 the time okay, by the time we finish. 0:01:03.320 --> 0:01:05.520 It's a good choice of podcast snack too, right. It's 0:01:05.520 --> 0:01:08.679 compared to like chips or something right where there's nothing Oh. 0:01:09.000 --> 0:01:13.280 Yeah, yes, well, chips, you just gotta really lean lean 0:01:13.360 --> 0:01:16.479 far back and kind of like you gotta you close 0:01:16.520 --> 0:01:19.520 your mouth first and then close your teeth lips first, 0:01:19.520 --> 0:01:22.800 that teeth, which is pretty unnatural, but it kind of works. 0:01:23.480 --> 0:01:27.920 Secrets of the podcasters, see, this is the only thing 0:01:27.959 --> 0:01:29.000 I bring to the table. 0:01:29.200 --> 0:01:29.680 Literally. 0:01:30.840 --> 0:01:33.000 Well, I've spent all my time trying to figure out 0:01:33.040 --> 0:01:35.320 what I can fidget with and what I can't fidget 0:01:35.360 --> 0:01:39.800 with while I'm recording. M I can fidget with the 0:01:39.840 --> 0:01:44.560 microphone sorry, the headphone cable that's twisty. Yeah, yeah, yeah, 0:01:44.680 --> 0:01:47.320 that one's good. I can't flick open and close a 0:01:47.400 --> 0:01:49.200 knife or a lighter. They make noise. 0:01:50.800 --> 0:01:53.680 I gotta I got a USB dongle that I flip 0:01:53.760 --> 0:01:55.400 back and forth or yeah. I guess I just sort 0:01:55.400 --> 0:01:57.480 of worry it a little bit. It's probably really bad 0:01:57.520 --> 0:02:00.559 for it. I mean, I just realized, so I stole 0:02:00.640 --> 0:02:02.440 my friends. As I'm really I'm holding it. 0:02:02.600 --> 0:02:04.480 It doesn't really matter if it's bad or not. 0:02:04.760 --> 0:02:06.040 This is not the one I bought. 0:02:07.000 --> 0:02:12.640 So speaking of being good dear friends, Yes, so Andrew, 0:02:13.080 --> 0:02:16.560 you know a bunch of people can collectively withhold their 0:02:16.639 --> 0:02:18.200 labor and it's called a strike. 0:02:19.200 --> 0:02:21.120 Oh boy, I'm trying. 0:02:21.240 --> 0:02:25.480 I'm finding out this is this is uh strike. Strikes 0:02:25.520 --> 0:02:28.400 are in the air, and I guess to the extent 0:02:28.480 --> 0:02:30.640 that I can be loving it, I guess I'm loving it. 0:02:31.080 --> 0:02:33.040 Okay, Okay, Yeah, It's one of these things that like 0:02:33.520 --> 0:02:35.399 is like really cool after the fact, but I feel 0:02:35.440 --> 0:02:37.960 like during a strike. I've never been on strike for 0:02:38.000 --> 0:02:41.520 more than like five minutes. My boss immediately caved because 0:02:41.560 --> 0:02:45.800 though we were one hundred percent of his workforce, but 0:02:46.280 --> 0:02:48.359 it actually is probably really hard to be on strike, 0:02:48.480 --> 0:02:52.120 but they it sounds really cool later or from the outside. 0:02:52.440 --> 0:02:56.480 Yeah, I uh, well, currently I am on strike. I 0:02:56.520 --> 0:03:01.360 am a Writer's Guild of America member. We are on strike. 0:03:02.480 --> 0:03:06.640 At the time of this recording. I think we're closing 0:03:06.680 --> 0:03:09.200 on fifty days. I have not kept track. Also, I 0:03:09.240 --> 0:03:11.960 had a very dark moment a couple of weeks ago, 0:03:12.280 --> 0:03:15.519 because you know, there's so many you know, so much 0:03:15.560 --> 0:03:18.560 of the history of the strike and the previous strikes 0:03:18.600 --> 0:03:20.079 is about like how many days it's been. 0:03:20.520 --> 0:03:22.280 And I had a real dark moment where I. 0:03:22.200 --> 0:03:25.360 Was like, were they counting weekdays or like work days 0:03:25.639 --> 0:03:28.280 or calendar days, because I was like, if it was 0:03:28.280 --> 0:03:33.880 fucking work days I'm going to lose it. But we 0:03:34.520 --> 0:03:39.760 are closing in on half the length of the previous strike, which, 0:03:39.880 --> 0:03:46.280 for boring business reasons, is I don't know how likely, 0:03:46.360 --> 0:03:49.440 but I would say most the people with the most 0:03:49.480 --> 0:03:53.680 experienced in this would say with medium confidence that it 0:03:53.760 --> 0:03:56.080 is likely that we're going to be somewhere around there. Also, 0:03:56.240 --> 0:03:59.280 but there are so many more variables this time than 0:03:59.360 --> 0:04:01.360 last time, So who really knows? 0:04:01.400 --> 0:04:03.320 Of course I certainly don't. 0:04:03.640 --> 0:04:07.760 Yeah, but yeah, we're probably, you know, with like sixty 0:04:07.760 --> 0:04:10.720 percent confidence, closing in on about halfway done with this shit. 0:04:11.320 --> 0:04:17.240 And you know, I'm less tired that I thought, but 0:04:17.400 --> 0:04:18.800 more tired than I want to be. 0:04:19.320 --> 0:04:23.600 It's just what the Writer's Guild of America is asking 0:04:23.680 --> 0:04:29.279 for is so unbelievably reasonable and fair that it's so 0:04:29.440 --> 0:04:34.200 embarrassing for these networks and streaming companies. It's like, you 0:04:34.240 --> 0:04:36.640 guys are so fucking greedy and disgusting. 0:04:38.279 --> 0:04:42.960 Yeah, I would say, the well, and that that sort 0:04:42.960 --> 0:04:45.159 of alludes to if we want to talk about the 0:04:45.200 --> 0:04:48.200 actual any details of the registract, the thing that probably 0:04:48.240 --> 0:04:55.480 is the biggest variable for everyone, including themselves, is the 0:04:55.640 --> 0:04:58.200 prevalence of the streaming companies, who. 0:04:59.080 --> 0:05:00.960 From what I understand what I'm seeing. 0:05:01.560 --> 0:05:03.200 They don't want to have anyone, but they also have 0:05:03.800 --> 0:05:08.080 this real ethos of a tech company as opposed to 0:05:08.560 --> 0:05:14.000 a traditional traditional media company and traditional media companies, though 0:05:14.000 --> 0:05:17.120 they are, like any company, pretty anti union. You know, 0:05:17.720 --> 0:05:20.280 Disney's worked with the unions for quite a long time 0:05:20.320 --> 0:05:26.159 and they have a reasonable relationship. Whereas Netflix, well, you know, 0:05:26.200 --> 0:05:29.120 I guess in one way of looking at it, Netflix 0:05:29.120 --> 0:05:32.039 has worked with unions its entire existence. But on the 0:05:32.200 --> 0:05:35.040 other way of looking at it, or sorry, Netflix Studios 0:05:35.080 --> 0:05:39.159 has not Netflix the original DVD Store probably did. But 0:05:40.240 --> 0:05:42.080 the other way of looking at it is the people 0:05:42.120 --> 0:05:46.799 that founded Netflix the DVD Store come from a culture 0:05:46.839 --> 0:05:52.039 that's virulently anti union in Silicon Valley. So so those 0:05:52.080 --> 0:05:57.680 folks really bring a different vibe. You know, there's entities 0:05:57.720 --> 0:06:00.839 like Amazon who Amazon on Studios. 0:06:02.520 --> 0:06:03.760 You know, I don't know all the business. 0:06:03.839 --> 0:06:06.760 I'm pretty sure in an unsourced way, I will just 0:06:06.800 --> 0:06:09.520 say with more confidence that I probably should that they're 0:06:09.600 --> 0:06:13.560 sort of a lost leader slash vanity project for Jeff Bezos. 0:06:13.600 --> 0:06:20.440 Another very anti union individual, Apple Studios, which is notorious 0:06:20.440 --> 0:06:22.520 for one of the business practices we're striking against. Of 0:06:22.680 --> 0:06:26.839 many rooms, you know, they they create television and movies 0:06:26.920 --> 0:06:29.120 at a loss leader for their little screens. 0:06:29.360 --> 0:06:33.640 So does it matter to them? 0:06:34.080 --> 0:06:37.480 It's unclear. So those are the things we don't know. 0:06:37.560 --> 0:06:41.800 What we do know is, you know, they can't make 0:06:41.800 --> 0:06:42.680 this ship without. 0:06:42.440 --> 0:06:47.039 Writers and soon without actors. 0:06:47.160 --> 0:06:51.560 Right, yeah, Well, SAG voted. 0:06:51.279 --> 0:06:54.039 To strike, but they're not on strike yet, is that correct? 0:06:54.279 --> 0:06:55.360 SAG voted. 0:06:55.640 --> 0:07:01.440 The membership of SAG voted to authorize a strike against 0:07:01.480 --> 0:07:06.560 the WGA. I am sorry, against the AMPTP, the American 0:07:06.680 --> 0:07:09.600 Motion Picture Television Producers's too. 0:07:09.480 --> 0:07:12.680 Many acronyms in every labor related sece. Yeah, this is 0:07:12.720 --> 0:07:15.520 one of the problems with labor unions and the things 0:07:15.520 --> 0:07:16.440 that they fight against. 0:07:17.400 --> 0:07:22.160 Yeah, it's it's the problem with more than four people. Yeah, yeah, 0:07:22.440 --> 0:07:25.360 is you just you need a fucking acronym and then 0:07:25.400 --> 0:07:29.400 you start dividing yourselves up. But so they voted to 0:07:29.920 --> 0:07:34.640 they are still negotiating with these studios, and they have 0:07:34.880 --> 0:07:40.160 the membership has given their negotiating committee and leadership by 0:07:40.360 --> 0:07:44.640 an overwhelming margin, the right to call a striketh and 0:07:45.480 --> 0:07:49.120 I have no idea how their negotiations are going. 0:07:49.440 --> 0:07:50.800 And really no one does. 0:07:51.160 --> 0:07:52.880 That was one thing that kind of came out of 0:07:52.920 --> 0:07:58.480 the writer's negotiation. Is the rumors swirling around after the 0:07:58.520 --> 0:07:59.800 fact were laughable. 0:08:00.440 --> 0:08:03.440 They were two to one completely false. 0:08:03.560 --> 0:08:07.320 And yeah, I almost in fact the actual outcome of 0:08:07.360 --> 0:08:10.760 what apparently happened, or at least what was reported in negotiation. 0:08:10.920 --> 0:08:13.160 That was kind of the one rumor that wasn't really 0:08:13.200 --> 0:08:16.320 out there, which is that things it was not close 0:08:17.120 --> 0:08:21.760 and things like fell apart clearly and rapidly, like very 0:08:21.880 --> 0:08:28.400 very early s you yeah, so on strike? Yeah, yeah, 0:08:29.480 --> 0:08:32.959 on strike. Sorry, thanks for letting me know that is why. 0:08:33.200 --> 0:08:35.920 And been on strike either, thank you. Yes, I've never 0:08:35.920 --> 0:08:39.200 been on strike before. I don't think this is This 0:08:39.240 --> 0:08:42.000 would be only the second union I've belonged to when 0:08:42.040 --> 0:08:46.160 I was a teenager as a grocery bagger. This is 0:08:46.240 --> 0:08:48.280 probably because it was Michigan. 0:08:48.600 --> 0:08:48.960 Somehow. 0:08:48.960 --> 0:08:53.920 We were organized under ua W, which seems must have 0:08:53.960 --> 0:08:55.680 simply been a regional thing because. 0:08:55.440 --> 0:08:59.000 The unions wouldn't think what they can get sometimes. 0:08:58.679 --> 0:09:01.959 Couldn't really seem a forgetting that you've in LA. 0:09:02.120 --> 0:09:05.600 I was around for the last strike and it was long. 0:09:06.520 --> 0:09:09.040 It was long, and like most of not not my 0:09:09.160 --> 0:09:12.880 specific parents, but most of my friends' parents worked in 0:09:12.920 --> 0:09:16.640 the entertainment industry, whether that be writers themselves or crew 0:09:17.000 --> 0:09:19.000 or makeup and things like that. 0:09:19.480 --> 0:09:23.720 And it was long. It was long. 0:09:24.320 --> 0:09:28.920 Yeah, so yeah, it's long. I mean we'll see. Well 0:09:28.920 --> 0:09:31.800 that is the other thing. Yeah, as you mentioned, really, 0:09:31.840 --> 0:09:34.560 the the other thing that is new on our side 0:09:34.720 --> 0:09:39.520 this time is we have much stronger solidarity from especially 0:09:39.559 --> 0:09:46.920 the teamsters. Yeah, and from and yeah, well you know, 0:09:48.040 --> 0:09:50.280 without telling them how to do their jobs or their 0:09:50.400 --> 0:09:56.040 wink not jobs, they could certainly be doing some of 0:09:56.080 --> 0:09:58.440 those things a little more if they want. We would 0:09:58.480 --> 0:10:01.959 love it. 0:10:00.800 --> 0:10:04.720 But is there anything up top that is there any 0:10:04.720 --> 0:10:07.480 call to action or anything that you have for listeners 0:10:07.760 --> 0:10:08.360 of our show? 0:10:09.000 --> 0:10:14.880 Oh my gosh, you know what, No, there isn't anything. 0:10:15.760 --> 0:10:19.520 The one thing I will say is you will know 0:10:19.559 --> 0:10:20.160 what to do. 0:10:21.000 --> 0:10:25.960 The Writer's Guild is being much much more communicative than 0:10:26.240 --> 0:10:30.920 they were even in prior labor actions that weren't a strike, 0:10:31.679 --> 0:10:34.160 and I do commend them for that. That was the 0:10:34.200 --> 0:10:36.160 thing when I ran for the WJ board, I was like, 0:10:36.200 --> 0:10:38.439 you guys are very obtuse, and I would have to 0:10:38.520 --> 0:10:38.960 change that. 0:10:38.920 --> 0:10:42.320 Actually for a bunch of writers, right, yeah. 0:10:42.400 --> 0:10:43.040 And they did. 0:10:43.320 --> 0:10:46.080 They have done a much much better job of communicating, 0:10:46.160 --> 0:10:48.600 so to that end. So, for instance, like I've seen 0:10:48.760 --> 0:10:52.200 people like independently on Twitter saying things like I'm going 0:10:52.280 --> 0:10:57.080 to cancel my Netflix in support, and that is not 0:10:57.480 --> 0:11:01.200 what anyone's asking for right now. And you'll know when 0:11:01.440 --> 0:11:05.679 and it will be more effective if you actually basically 0:11:05.760 --> 0:11:07.760 if we all do things together and coorporately. 0:11:09.080 --> 0:11:11.040 So yeah, so no need to cancel on. 0:11:10.960 --> 0:11:13.240 Netflix or anything like that yet, but you know, feel 0:11:13.240 --> 0:11:16.640 free to tweet at them and call them uh, weird 0:11:16.840 --> 0:11:18.680 weird dickheads on the street if you want. 0:11:20.880 --> 0:11:25.200 Well, today we're going to talk about another strike that 0:11:25.360 --> 0:11:28.040 you already have exceeded in length, but we're going to 0:11:28.080 --> 0:11:31.199 talk about a strike that closed out the nineteenth century. 0:11:31.840 --> 0:11:34.280 It won important concessions from some of the most powerful 0:11:34.280 --> 0:11:37.000 men in the US. It changed the way that people 0:11:37.000 --> 0:11:41.120 in this country talk about child labor, and most importantly, 0:11:41.280 --> 0:11:44.199 speaking of Disney, it gave us a sick musical with 0:11:44.320 --> 0:11:46.240 kids an old time outfits, singing and dancing in the 0:11:46.280 --> 0:11:53.040 streets of New York. Amazing, because today we're going to 0:11:53.080 --> 0:11:56.320 talk about the Newsboys Strike of eighteen ninety in New 0:11:56.400 --> 0:11:56.960 York City. 0:11:57.559 --> 0:11:58.200 I can't wait. 0:11:58.480 --> 0:12:00.520 Yeah cool, I will say this. 0:12:00.640 --> 0:12:06.080 I have not seen the musicals but on the other day, 0:12:06.320 --> 0:12:08.640 we we've been doing sort of people have been organizing 0:12:08.720 --> 0:12:13.200 theme days at the strike and at Disney. The other 0:12:13.280 --> 0:12:17.280 day was Newsy's Day, and I was not aware that 0:12:17.320 --> 0:12:19.560 it was happening. So there, I was just like, you know, 0:12:19.679 --> 0:12:23.880 there's a lot of like cosplay Raga muffins around right now, 0:12:24.400 --> 0:12:27.520 and I just I wasn't sure what was happening. 0:12:27.559 --> 0:12:28.360 And I was just like. 0:12:31.280 --> 0:12:32.959 And then it was Newsy's Day, and I was like, Okay, 0:12:32.960 --> 0:12:35.280 this is fine. The Disney lot is huge. I could 0:12:35.440 --> 0:12:37.280 I could stand elsewhere if I don't want to be 0:12:37.320 --> 0:12:39.000 around it. 0:12:40.640 --> 0:12:41.000 But I was. 0:12:41.320 --> 0:12:43.640 It was more that I was just surprised by It's. 0:12:43.800 --> 0:12:45.160 It's that thing where you just kind of like you're 0:12:45.200 --> 0:12:46.600 in a crowd and all of a sudden you're like, 0:12:47.679 --> 0:12:49.160 what the fuck is with all the. 0:12:49.240 --> 0:12:52.520 Like fraid like overhauls. 0:12:52.600 --> 0:12:55.560 Yeah, like a lot of a lot of grease, like 0:12:55.640 --> 0:12:57.240 grease paid on faces right now? 0:12:57.320 --> 0:12:58.480 What the fuck is happening? 0:13:01.360 --> 0:13:04.559 Well, we're going to talk about what an informal gang 0:13:04.600 --> 0:13:09.119 of fairly violent teenagers shut down the nation's biggest newspapers 0:13:09.120 --> 0:13:13.080 and won their rights. So let's talk about Newsy's. Let's 0:13:13.080 --> 0:13:14.480 talk about the people that you're going to cost play 0:13:14.480 --> 0:13:15.840 affs tomorrow amazingly. 0:13:15.920 --> 0:13:18.240 Yeah, I'm ready. I mean, look, my vibe is already 0:13:18.320 --> 0:13:18.959 kind of like that. 0:13:19.040 --> 0:13:21.480 So I was just like, I mean, I'm not like 0:13:21.840 --> 0:13:23.960 out of line, but I was like, this is aggressive. 0:13:24.240 --> 0:13:26.679 Yeah, no, fair enough, especially once you have to learn 0:13:26.679 --> 0:13:28.959 all the singing and dancing, which, okay, we're going to 0:13:29.040 --> 0:13:33.120 get to it. The singing and dancing is historically accurate 0:13:33.200 --> 0:13:37.080 in terms of how they are represented. But all right, 0:13:37.120 --> 0:13:40.600 so you've got newspapers, right, and they used to be 0:13:40.600 --> 0:13:42.559 the main way that people got news. They go back 0:13:42.559 --> 0:13:44.680 to the seventeenth century. But I'm not going to do 0:13:44.760 --> 0:13:48.120 that to you, although I will say that China actually 0:13:48.120 --> 0:13:50.200 had something similar to newspapers in like the second and 0:13:50.240 --> 0:13:54.560 third century. Obviously like well before the Western world. Yeah, 0:13:54.800 --> 0:13:58.679 Europe as usual is about a thousand years behind. Newspapers 0:13:58.720 --> 0:14:01.520 as we currently know them, or maybe remember them might 0:14:01.520 --> 0:14:02.280 be more accurate. 0:14:02.400 --> 0:14:07.120 Yeah, we're at just another juncture. 0:14:07.559 --> 0:14:10.880 Yeah, anything could happen that probably is a newspapers. 0:14:11.080 --> 0:14:14.559 Yeah, totally. They started around the early sixteen hundreds in 0:14:14.559 --> 0:14:18.600 the Holy Roman Empire, and specifically it's no Germany and newsboys. 0:14:18.679 --> 0:14:21.360 The idea that children are the means of distribution goes 0:14:21.400 --> 0:14:24.880 back really far, at least as far as seventeen ninety nine, 0:14:25.240 --> 0:14:27.760 when horsemen were delivering the paper like house to house 0:14:27.800 --> 0:14:30.440 in colonial America and post colonial America. That was when 0:14:30.440 --> 0:14:35.440 it was not colonial anymore, well different kind of colony, right, 0:14:36.160 --> 0:14:38.200 horsemen were delivering the paper, and then they were like, 0:14:38.280 --> 0:14:40.440 maybe we can make kids do this and then barely 0:14:40.480 --> 0:14:44.360 pay them. So they did. And you have two methods 0:14:44.360 --> 0:14:47.800 of distribution of papers, right, You've got door to door 0:14:47.840 --> 0:14:50.440 delivery and then you've got like direct sales, usually on 0:14:50.480 --> 0:14:52.520 the street, and usually it's a kid coming up and 0:14:52.560 --> 0:14:55.760 being like, please miss the bomby lass pape, you know 0:14:55.840 --> 0:14:56.200 or whatever. 0:14:56.280 --> 0:14:59.960 It's always mista yeah, yeah, that's the real vibe. 0:15:00.280 --> 0:15:04.280 Yeah, I get it, I get it. And so this 0:15:04.360 --> 0:15:08.120 has been children for a very very long time. There 0:15:08.160 --> 0:15:10.880 was a brief period where the door to door was 0:15:10.960 --> 0:15:12.960 no longer children in the end of the nineteenth century, 0:15:13.000 --> 0:15:15.400 just the direct But then around the nineteen twenties or so, 0:15:15.440 --> 0:15:17.760 it got back to the like kind of classic Americana 0:15:17.800 --> 0:15:21.600 thing of the like boy on a bicycle riding around 0:15:21.600 --> 0:15:24.880 on his paper route or whatever, uh huh. And so 0:15:25.000 --> 0:15:27.960 in the city kids sell the newspapers. They walk around 0:15:27.960 --> 0:15:30.400 the streets being like extracts or read all about it. 0:15:30.400 --> 0:15:34.240 Disgraced former president Donald Trump has been arrested, or whatever 0:15:34.240 --> 0:15:36.960 the news is that day. Maybe it'll be the onion 0:15:36.960 --> 0:15:44.240 headline that he's been executed. Most of these newsboys were 0:15:44.480 --> 0:15:47.440 kids or young teens from poor families. A lot of 0:15:47.440 --> 0:15:50.440 them were homeless, and a lot of them were orphans too, 0:15:50.520 --> 0:15:52.480 but not all of them, not even most of them. 0:15:53.040 --> 0:15:55.680 Most boys started as young teenagers, but kids as young 0:15:55.680 --> 0:15:59.600 as six sold papers, and some kept selling into adulthood, 0:15:59.600 --> 0:16:01.360 but most didn't. 0:16:02.040 --> 0:16:02.800 I don't know those. 0:16:02.640 --> 0:16:06.720 Because they died or found better jobs or probably worse jobs, honestly, right, 0:16:07.800 --> 0:16:10.680 there were some girl newsies, especially from families without boys 0:16:10.720 --> 0:16:13.480 to send off to work. There was this whole stir 0:16:13.760 --> 0:16:17.440 when the twenty eighteen stage version of Newsies included girl newsies, 0:16:17.600 --> 0:16:23.480 and people were like, oh, you're making it woke or whatever. Yeah. 0:16:23.600 --> 0:16:27.480 Yeah, they just like nothing's more woke than just like true, 0:16:28.000 --> 0:16:31.440 you know, true turn of the century desperation. I know, 0:16:32.960 --> 0:16:36.640 because you look yeah, yeah, of a greater equalizer than 0:16:36.680 --> 0:16:37.080 you think. 0:16:37.800 --> 0:16:41.440 Yeah, actually we're gonna talk about some of that too. Yeah. 0:16:42.320 --> 0:16:44.680 So there were girls they and even the twenty eighteen 0:16:44.720 --> 0:16:47.680 news that they were like, well, we look back and 0:16:47.680 --> 0:16:50.520 here's here's all of these photos of girl newsies, and 0:16:50.560 --> 0:16:52.400 then you can actually find quotes that we'll get into 0:16:52.480 --> 0:16:55.240 later about even during the strike there were girl newsies, 0:16:55.280 --> 0:17:00.920 you know, predominantly boys and boys is the best I 0:17:00.920 --> 0:17:04.920 can kind of put together. Their ethnicity varied decade to decade, 0:17:04.920 --> 0:17:07.600 in city to city. I've got the most information about 0:17:07.640 --> 0:17:09.199 New York City, so that's what I'm going to go 0:17:09.240 --> 0:17:12.600 into for a long time. For decades, ninety percent of 0:17:12.600 --> 0:17:15.600 the New York newsies were Irish, like either you know, 0:17:15.720 --> 0:17:19.040 directly from Ireland or children of immigrants. I think sometimes 0:17:19.080 --> 0:17:21.399 it was like literally like kids who smuggled themselves to 0:17:21.400 --> 0:17:25.320 America as children without parents. But most of the time 0:17:25.440 --> 0:17:28.720 you're talking about like the kids and grandkids of immigrant families. 0:17:29.080 --> 0:17:31.440 By the time we're talking about today, it is more diverse. 0:17:32.119 --> 0:17:34.920 Eighty percent of the kids were from immigrant Irish, Italian 0:17:34.920 --> 0:17:37.439 and Jewish families, but not all of them were. There 0:17:37.440 --> 0:17:42.520 were black newsies, and by and large, Newsy life poverty 0:17:42.560 --> 0:17:46.720 being a great equalizer, was not segregated, right right, right. 0:17:47.920 --> 0:17:53.080 Sometimes various kids had nicknames that referred directly to their race. Sure, 0:17:53.480 --> 0:17:58.320 there's a lot of slurs age old tradition. Yeah, yeah, 0:17:58.400 --> 0:18:01.159 I'm sure that doesn't happen anymore. Obviously, a twelve year 0:18:01.200 --> 0:18:07.720 old would never get named after some Oh god, two 0:18:07.720 --> 0:18:09.560 of the black Newsies. I found one of his named 0:18:09.560 --> 0:18:11.800 William Reese, and I'm not going to say his nickname 0:18:11.840 --> 0:18:14.040 on air. It's not the really bad one. It's just 0:18:14.080 --> 0:18:15.640 another one that I'm not going to say on air. 0:18:16.640 --> 0:18:18.840 And then another one of the black Newsies was named 0:18:18.880 --> 0:18:22.120 the Black Wonder. And there was an Indigenous Newsy named 0:18:22.160 --> 0:18:25.440 Bob the Indian, one of the presidents of the Newsboys 0:18:25.520 --> 0:18:27.720 unions in eighteen ninety nine. We're gonna talk about this. 0:18:28.000 --> 0:18:31.320 He actually lays out the demographics and you'll be, you'll be. 0:18:32.000 --> 0:18:35.439 The way that this kid does demographics is interesting. It 0:18:35.560 --> 0:18:38.920 is two fifth Jews, one fifth Irish, one fifth Italian, 0:18:39.200 --> 0:18:43.840 and one fifth everyone else, including black kids, girls, disabled folks, 0:18:43.880 --> 0:18:47.399 people pretending to be disabled called fakers. Oh my god, 0:18:47.520 --> 0:18:51.159 because somehow both girl and disabled are ethnicities. 0:18:51.720 --> 0:18:56.880 Yeah, I guess that's an organizing principle of sorts. 0:18:58.000 --> 0:18:58.920 It's just other. 0:18:59.600 --> 0:19:04.960 Yeah, yeah, oh god, fair enough, I suppose. 0:19:05.000 --> 0:19:09.520 Yeah, you know, and like whatever, like they were you know, ahead. 0:19:09.359 --> 0:19:12.520 Not dis alert to labor unions today. You take what 0:19:12.600 --> 0:19:14.919 you could. You know, there's got to be something, but 0:19:15.280 --> 0:19:16.720 by at large they're the right thing. 0:19:17.480 --> 0:19:21.720 And overall this actually puts them leagues ahead of other 0:19:21.760 --> 0:19:24.240 contemporary unions. I didn't write this part into the script, 0:19:24.240 --> 0:19:25.679 but a bunch of different times I've had to do 0:19:25.760 --> 0:19:28.399 research into just how racist a lot of the late 0:19:28.480 --> 0:19:31.680 nineteenth century unions in the United States were not all 0:19:31.720 --> 0:19:35.199 of them, and there's some like particular standouts, but a 0:19:35.240 --> 0:19:38.280 lot of them more like this is for white people only. 0:19:39.040 --> 0:19:40.080 Yeah, and. 0:19:41.920 --> 0:19:44.240 But I mean that that is a real side of 0:19:44.320 --> 0:19:49.119 the labor movement. Even today, it is like there there is, 0:19:50.640 --> 0:19:53.680 you know more there is and there should be even 0:19:53.720 --> 0:19:58.480 more than there is lip service to to, you know, 0:19:58.560 --> 0:20:03.439 especially racial diversity. But it is still like it doesn't 0:20:03.440 --> 0:20:07.000 take long to dig into the like and find some 0:20:07.040 --> 0:20:09.800 of those class not race folks or you know which 0:20:09.800 --> 0:20:13.359 you're like, yeah, you know, in a country that had 0:20:13.520 --> 0:20:17.080 race based chattel slavery, you can't really disentangle those two 0:20:17.119 --> 0:20:18.919 things as much as you'd like. 0:20:19.520 --> 0:20:21.720 And also when you look at the history of American 0:20:21.800 --> 0:20:24.040 labor unions, you'd be like, you know, if they had 0:20:24.040 --> 0:20:26.239 been class not race in the late nineteenth century, things 0:20:26.280 --> 0:20:28.920 would be a little better, like because they were like race, 0:20:29.680 --> 0:20:33.440 because they specifically excluded people constantly. It's like they were 0:20:33.480 --> 0:20:36.399 some of the perpetuators of this racism. And part of 0:20:36.400 --> 0:20:39.080 the reason that race needs to be included just as 0:20:39.119 --> 0:20:42.200 its own thing in the conversation, yeah, is because of 0:20:42.200 --> 0:20:44.360 the fucking work that they did of racism. 0:20:44.480 --> 0:20:50.119 Right still on the ballance, Well, listen where you can't 0:20:50.200 --> 0:20:53.560 completely you can't make your perfect allies and you know 0:20:53.680 --> 0:20:55.120 they are they are the right ones. 0:20:54.960 --> 0:20:57.520 Yeah, totally. Well, there's this thing going around right now 0:20:57.560 --> 0:20:59.919 where people are talking about like the people who know 0:21:00.160 --> 0:21:02.280 all of the right things to say are less likely 0:21:02.280 --> 0:21:04.720 to be your friends, like your actual allies in times 0:21:04.720 --> 0:21:07.000 of crisis than the person like as like a trans woman, 0:21:07.040 --> 0:21:09.920 like the kind of person who's gonna like be confused 0:21:09.920 --> 0:21:12.400 in misgender me but like still be like whatever, don't 0:21:12.400 --> 0:21:14.720 mess with her, you know, versus the people who will 0:21:14.760 --> 0:21:17.399 like very carefully say everything right but actually have like 0:21:17.760 --> 0:21:20.600 more hate in their hearts. And I, yeah, that's my 0:21:20.760 --> 0:21:25.800 like vibe about the way that these children were handling race. 0:21:26.280 --> 0:21:28.480 But I don't Yeah, I don't know. I I go 0:21:28.600 --> 0:21:29.200 back and forth. 0:21:29.280 --> 0:21:33.879 I mean I think there are both yeahs of folks. Yeah, 0:21:33.920 --> 0:21:37.280 but you're right, yes, that all all four quadrants of 0:21:37.280 --> 0:21:38.600 those things do exist. 0:21:38.760 --> 0:21:42.600 Yeah, totally. So you got these newsies and their job 0:21:42.680 --> 0:21:44.880 is that they buy newspapers and they sell them at 0:21:45.160 --> 0:21:48.440 a set markup. And this is like the main way 0:21:48.480 --> 0:21:51.960 newspapers get sold is they get sold to children. The 0:21:52.000 --> 0:21:55.000 markup always changes, but overall it would be like you're 0:21:55.000 --> 0:21:57.840 buying one cent papers for half a cent, two cent 0:21:57.880 --> 0:22:00.639 papers for one cent, three cent papers for two cents, 0:22:01.480 --> 0:22:03.800 and then you turn around and sell them for the 0:22:03.800 --> 0:22:06.679 the cover price. These kids are not employees. They are 0:22:06.720 --> 0:22:11.560 independent contractors sort of. The bosses like officially they like 0:22:11.600 --> 0:22:14.480 avoiding hiring people, right because then you then you have 0:22:14.520 --> 0:22:17.040 to like provide them labor law stuff. There wasn't a 0:22:17.080 --> 0:22:18.760 ton of labor laws stuff, right, but it was still 0:22:18.800 --> 0:22:21.120 a nice way to skirt it. And they still wanted 0:22:21.160 --> 0:22:23.480 to limit the kid's autonomy. The cover price had to 0:22:23.560 --> 0:22:26.119 be the same. Some newspapers divvied up the territory that 0:22:26.160 --> 0:22:29.480 the kids could sell in. Others made more extreme demands, 0:22:29.520 --> 0:22:32.280 like a newsy couldn't choose which papers to sell. They 0:22:32.320 --> 0:22:34.480 had to sell like all of If you want to 0:22:34.480 --> 0:22:36.199 sell this paper, you also have to sell like all 0:22:36.240 --> 0:22:40.600 of the boss's cronies newspapers too, you know. Being independent 0:22:40.640 --> 0:22:43.440 contractors made newsies hard to organize. So did the fact 0:22:43.480 --> 0:22:49.240 that they were literally children. Newspapers generally didn't buy back 0:22:49.359 --> 0:22:52.120 unsold copies of the paper. This is a big part 0:22:52.160 --> 0:22:54.800 of this whole thing. So a newsy was stuck quote 0:22:54.840 --> 0:22:58.280 eating the remaining papers. And I really like this because 0:22:58.320 --> 0:22:59.919 the slang they always used the kids were like, oh, 0:23:00.000 --> 0:23:02.040 I got to eat me papes or whatever, right, And 0:23:03.680 --> 0:23:05.719 if you read articles, they're always like, wow, look at 0:23:05.720 --> 0:23:08.720 that inventive slang the kids have eating the papers. And 0:23:08.760 --> 0:23:10.800 it's just like funny now, because like eating the cost 0:23:10.840 --> 0:23:13.159 of something is a like I don't even see that 0:23:13.200 --> 0:23:15.960 as like slang. That's just a way of describing a thing, 0:23:16.600 --> 0:23:21.840 you know, right right right anyway, So they they worked 0:23:21.880 --> 0:23:23.960 it late into the night to sell these papers to 0:23:24.000 --> 0:23:26.719 minimize their losses. Right, if you didn't sell all your papers, 0:23:26.720 --> 0:23:30.520 you're just out all fucking night. Some papers would offer 0:23:30.560 --> 0:23:32.560 discounts to kids who showed up early to pick up 0:23:32.600 --> 0:23:35.200 their papers, which led pressure to kids to drop out 0:23:35.240 --> 0:23:39.000 of school in order to sell papers. By eighteen ninety nine, 0:23:39.600 --> 0:23:42.480 ten to fifteen thousand newsboys worked the street of New 0:23:42.560 --> 0:23:45.640 York City, screaming the headlines until late into the night, 0:23:45.720 --> 0:23:48.600 many of them sleeping on the streets. They made about 0:23:48.600 --> 0:23:50.760 twenty five to thirty cents a day, which is a 0:23:50.840 --> 0:23:53.440 completely meaningless number because you're talking about hundred years ago. 0:23:53.880 --> 0:23:57.840 That's twelve dollars a day in today's money. Jesus, Like 0:23:58.200 --> 0:24:04.840 that sucks. Yeah, well, you know it. Yeah, it's a 0:24:04.840 --> 0:24:09.280 lot of money for a wee child, yeah, totally, is 0:24:09.320 --> 0:24:11.960 often the sole breadwinner of their family. 0:24:12.400 --> 0:24:15.400 Yeah. God, that's fucking wild. 0:24:15.720 --> 0:24:17.240 Yeah. 0:24:17.320 --> 0:24:17.560 Yeah. 0:24:17.560 --> 0:24:19.439 And so they didn't make a lot of money doing this, 0:24:19.640 --> 0:24:22.800 and they they sold. Some of them sold their leftovers 0:24:22.920 --> 0:24:24.600 at a loss to the night boys, who had the 0:24:24.640 --> 0:24:27.560 even worst job of selling the like discount papers laid 0:24:27.560 --> 0:24:33.080 into the night right. A few of them became bosses 0:24:33.200 --> 0:24:35.880 sort of like these older newsies would hoard large stashes 0:24:35.920 --> 0:24:38.600 and then sub hire helpers to run out and sell, 0:24:38.680 --> 0:24:41.760 like on street corners and stuff. This was probably the 0:24:41.800 --> 0:24:44.199 result of crewing up to hold onto prime territory and 0:24:44.400 --> 0:24:46.800 or just people perpetuating expectation. 0:24:48.000 --> 0:24:49.200 Right, It makes sense. 0:24:49.240 --> 0:24:52.040 I mean it's it's yeah, it's it's like that system 0:24:52.359 --> 0:24:57.040 immediately creates incentives to like just just do your little 0:24:57.119 --> 0:25:00.160 quasi crime empire on whatever block. 0:25:00.359 --> 0:25:00.679 Yeah. 0:25:00.840 --> 0:25:03.879 Yeah, and you know be like, hah, I'm rich. I 0:25:03.880 --> 0:25:07.760 get fifty cents a day. Yeah, you know, new Zy 0:25:07.840 --> 0:25:10.160 life was fucking hard. The conditions were bad, the pay 0:25:10.240 --> 0:25:12.840 was bad. The independent contractor thing left them in competition 0:25:12.920 --> 0:25:15.359 with each other over territory, and this was a fairly 0:25:15.440 --> 0:25:17.879 violent thing. You hold onto your pitch as long as 0:25:17.920 --> 0:25:21.160 you can physically defend it, and so they're a very 0:25:21.280 --> 0:25:26.840 feighty bunch. This will come out to be to their advantage. 0:25:25.800 --> 0:25:31.200 Right, I mean, look, the tidy version of this is, yeah, 0:25:31.840 --> 0:25:35.600 like they're independent contractors because it was to the papers 0:25:35.640 --> 0:25:40.240 benefits to have them, you know, sub not like they 0:25:40.280 --> 0:25:42.480 have them just precarious at all times. 0:25:42.720 --> 0:25:42.880 Yeah. 0:25:42.920 --> 0:25:44.680 And I will say one tidy thing about this writer 0:25:44.800 --> 0:25:48.040 strike is that because we are also independent contractors, and 0:25:48.600 --> 0:25:51.240 the business practice lately has been more and more time 0:25:51.280 --> 0:25:55.359 off between shows if you're on a TV writer, or 0:25:55.440 --> 0:25:57.200 like doing free work for a long time if you're 0:25:57.240 --> 0:26:00.760 a movie writer. We are also very used to not 0:26:00.920 --> 0:26:04.320 working for a long time, Like that's a good point, 0:26:05.119 --> 0:26:07.000 that is, so, yeah, the thing that they have been 0:26:07.080 --> 0:26:09.919 using as a cudgel against us has actually helped us 0:26:09.960 --> 0:26:10.560 in this strike. 0:26:10.680 --> 0:26:14.760 And yeah, again we're talking about very different things, I understand. 0:26:14.960 --> 0:26:18.160 No, no, I mean a little example, I was like, I'm 0:26:18.160 --> 0:26:20.760 going to find a strike that feels like, I is 0:26:20.800 --> 0:26:22.639 a good way to talk about the writer's strike. That 0:26:22.760 --> 0:26:24.000 is how I picked this topic. 0:26:24.400 --> 0:26:26.320 Yeah, I mean it's a it's a strike against a 0:26:26.440 --> 0:26:30.399 media empire. And yeah, specifically the independent contractor thing is like, 0:26:31.160 --> 0:26:32.720 like that is what we are as well. 0:26:32.880 --> 0:26:35.240 Yeah. But one of the other things about how hard 0:26:35.240 --> 0:26:37.480 their lives was is that no one knew their lives 0:26:37.520 --> 0:26:40.200 were this hard because the newspapers, with the only source 0:26:40.200 --> 0:26:44.080 of information in the city, had a really strong incentive 0:26:44.160 --> 0:26:47.720 to paint an idyllic picture of newsboy life, about these 0:26:47.800 --> 0:26:50.800 plucky entrepreneurs who worked for themselves and were able to 0:26:50.800 --> 0:26:53.760 support their families with like plenty of like idle time 0:26:53.800 --> 0:26:57.040 and joy or whatever in their lives, you know. And 0:26:57.080 --> 0:27:00.200 so this like newsy singing and dancing thing is there's 0:27:00.200 --> 0:27:03.640 a media construction from one hundred and twenty years ago at. 0:27:03.640 --> 0:27:10.320 Least, oh right, oh my god, right, and nothing sanitizes 0:27:10.400 --> 0:27:15.240 the people. You're like subjugating quite like, yeah, controlling their story. 0:27:15.320 --> 0:27:19.160 God, yeah, some of them, some of the homeless kids 0:27:19.240 --> 0:27:22.000 or some of the orphans lived in Newsboy House lodging houses. 0:27:22.359 --> 0:27:24.679 The first one opened in eighteen fifty four for homeless 0:27:24.720 --> 0:27:27.159 kids who didn't trust the existing infrastructure, because a lot 0:27:27.160 --> 0:27:30.560 of a lot of people don't trust shelter, the shelter 0:27:30.640 --> 0:27:33.720 system often in this case in eighteen fifty four, it 0:27:33.720 --> 0:27:36.959 would like funnel kids into jail, right, and so they're like, 0:27:37.119 --> 0:27:38.800 the hell with that, and so they're sleeping on the streets. 0:27:38.800 --> 0:27:41.480 So some people set up lodging houses, and this actually 0:27:41.560 --> 0:27:47.200 seems good, like honestly pretty right. It was five or 0:27:47.240 --> 0:27:49.280 six cents a day. You got a bed and a 0:27:49.320 --> 0:27:52.119 bath and I think food. I've read different things that 0:27:52.119 --> 0:27:55.000 have implied different things about that. Kids. You could come 0:27:55.040 --> 0:27:57.239 and go whenever you wanted, as long as you were 0:27:57.240 --> 0:27:59.879 home by midnight. But it's like if you missed curfew, 0:28:00.000 --> 0:28:01.439 it's still come in the next day. You know, you 0:28:01.480 --> 0:28:03.639 just can't come in at midnight. The first one was 0:28:03.680 --> 0:28:05.280 only for boys. I don't know that there are other 0:28:05.320 --> 0:28:08.520 ones that included girls or not, but they they were 0:28:08.520 --> 0:28:11.720 open to all religions and races and the fact that 0:28:11.720 --> 0:28:14.400 they weren't segregated is like actually a fairly big deal, 0:28:14.960 --> 0:28:20.919 right right, right, right, Although in researching this, I learned 0:28:21.480 --> 0:28:24.840 segregation for poor families got worse in America than the 0:28:24.880 --> 0:28:29.280 twentieth century. In the nineteen thirties or so, it got 0:28:30.320 --> 0:28:32.280 more like some of the way that they did public 0:28:32.320 --> 0:28:35.720 housing in the nineteen thirties like made segregation more intense. 0:28:36.840 --> 0:28:41.040 Yeah, I mean, but that that sort of just feels like, yeah, 0:28:41.160 --> 0:28:45.360 as things get worse, and you know, no offense to 0:28:45.920 --> 0:28:50.040 white folks, but like there is when when that rhetoric 0:28:50.120 --> 0:28:53.080 and that type of push gets amped up, you know, 0:28:53.200 --> 0:28:57.160 sort of regrettably and somewhat mysteriously, you know, poor white folks. 0:28:58.320 --> 0:29:00.280 I would say, take the bait more off, but that 0:29:00.360 --> 0:29:01.480 I think they should. 0:29:01.840 --> 0:29:06.600 Yeah about like blaming blaming racialized others for the problems. 0:29:06.720 --> 0:29:10.600 Yeah, yeah, yeah, And it's like, you know, it's a 0:29:10.800 --> 0:29:14.560 surprisingly profitable playbook, I think for horrible people. 0:29:15.360 --> 0:29:20.160 Yep. I think that is the history of that's like 0:29:20.320 --> 0:29:23.080 the main actual history of twentieth century, nineteenth century and 0:29:23.120 --> 0:29:25.800 twenty century labor in the America. And it's like not 0:29:25.840 --> 0:29:26.160 the way. 0:29:26.080 --> 0:29:30.360 That I mean, it's enough arguably the main main cudgel 0:29:30.480 --> 0:29:34.520 for everything. I mean, you know, when when it's at 0:29:34.720 --> 0:29:37.800 points when I've been thinking, like you know, or or 0:29:37.920 --> 0:29:42.080 arguing with folks about like is my podcasts as racist? 0:29:42.160 --> 0:29:43.000 Like what is the point? 0:29:43.080 --> 0:29:45.920 And I to me, I've come to the conclusion that like, 0:29:46.800 --> 0:29:51.120 I mean racism, American racism might be the folk roum 0:29:51.200 --> 0:29:54.560 with which the world literally ends, or humanity literally ends. 0:29:54.680 --> 0:29:59.520 Like that is the gasoline. Yeah, that like has allowed 0:29:59.560 --> 0:30:04.360 all the other horrors to like exist potentially. Yeah, I 0:30:04.360 --> 0:30:06.360 don't know, We'll see, We'll see what the history books 0:30:06.400 --> 0:30:07.640 that don't get written say. 0:30:08.880 --> 0:30:10.720 But if you want a history book that wait, hold on, 0:30:10.760 --> 0:30:14.120 how many to turn us into an ads? And yes, okay, wait, 0:30:14.560 --> 0:30:18.960 what else is a cudgel? Is cudgels from cudgel vendors, 0:30:19.600 --> 0:30:25.160 our sponsor sticks with which to hit scabs, scabs, sticks 0:30:26.680 --> 0:30:27.200 buy them? 0:30:27.520 --> 0:30:31.760 Now, anything anything could be used to hit a scab. 0:30:32.040 --> 0:30:36.080 And you know what, it's very very twenty first century. 0:30:36.080 --> 0:30:39.200 But now, of course, for the writer's strike, just you know, 0:30:39.400 --> 0:30:43.560 Twitter is your cudgel to snitch on a scab. 0:30:43.440 --> 0:30:47.960 Or And here's some other ads that may or may 0:30:48.000 --> 0:30:57.400 not also be for scab intimidating purposes and we are back. 0:30:58.560 --> 0:31:01.680 So uh, let's see. So you have these lodging houses 0:31:02.440 --> 0:31:07.600 and there's no smoking or cussing, and eventually later boys 0:31:07.640 --> 0:31:09.880 were required to attend either a morning or an evening 0:31:09.880 --> 0:31:11.880 class if they wanted to stay there. Because it's like 0:31:11.880 --> 0:31:14.040 a very like reformer vibe, right, and so all these 0:31:14.040 --> 0:31:15.760 people who are like, we're going to save these kids 0:31:15.840 --> 0:31:19.800 or whatever, but again, like that often goes really bad. See, 0:31:20.520 --> 0:31:24.080 I don't know the Catholic church, but yeah, in this 0:31:24.120 --> 0:31:28.040 particular case, I'm not aware. I've only found positive representations. 0:31:28.080 --> 0:31:31.520 I don't know, that's but right. And boys there could 0:31:31.600 --> 0:31:34.560 learn trades, including sewing and cooking. Those were literally the 0:31:34.600 --> 0:31:37.640 only two trades that I saw mentioned. Every bed had 0:31:37.640 --> 0:31:41.200 a locker for their stuff, and over the course of 0:31:41.240 --> 0:31:44.080 forty years, a particular lodging house claimed that a quarter 0:31:44.120 --> 0:31:46.920 of a million different kids stayed there. And you're paying, 0:31:46.920 --> 0:31:50.240 like you're sleeping in these like bunk beds in these 0:31:50.280 --> 0:31:52.240 like giant halls or whatever, right, but you're also like 0:31:52.320 --> 0:31:54.520 sleeping warm and not dying, and it's like a pretty 0:31:54.520 --> 0:31:59.120 good deal. And not all of the orphan newsies, probably 0:31:59.120 --> 0:32:01.160 not most of them were anywhere near so lucky as 0:32:01.200 --> 0:32:04.480 the kids who stayed in these houses. In eighteen sixty six, 0:32:04.520 --> 0:32:07.200 a man named Charles Loring Brace described the condition of 0:32:07.200 --> 0:32:11.360 some of them. Quote, I remember one cold night seeing 0:32:11.720 --> 0:32:14.080 some ten or a dozen of the little homeless creatures 0:32:14.080 --> 0:32:16.520 piled together to keep each other warm beneath the stairway 0:32:16.560 --> 0:32:19.000 of the New York Sun Office. They used to be 0:32:19.040 --> 0:32:21.160 a mass of them at the Atlas Office, sleeping in 0:32:21.200 --> 0:32:24.240 lobbies until the printers drove them away by pouring water 0:32:24.320 --> 0:32:28.120 on them. Jesus, Yeah, could you imagine in that fucking asshole, 0:32:28.120 --> 0:32:28.760 who would do that? 0:32:29.760 --> 0:32:30.000 Right? 0:32:31.360 --> 0:32:31.960 I mean. 0:32:33.360 --> 0:32:39.160 That, I mean obviously maybe not obviously, like I would 0:32:39.200 --> 0:32:42.520 have trouble I think doing that, but not you know, 0:32:42.680 --> 0:32:45.240 I know that I would have trouble doing that. However, 0:32:45.880 --> 0:32:49.560 I think the evidence is like, yeah, our alleged humanity 0:32:49.760 --> 0:32:51.400 is much easier to strip away. 0:32:51.560 --> 0:32:57.040 That's true. Yeah, that's true. All of us have like 0:32:57.080 --> 0:33:01.080 we would never do things that. Clearly the large percentage 0:33:01.080 --> 0:33:04.640 of people do when yeah. 0:33:03.880 --> 0:33:05.680 Right, the number of people that say I would not 0:33:05.800 --> 0:33:08.320 commit an atrocity does not comport with the number of 0:33:08.400 --> 0:33:11.400 people who when asked to commit atrocities. 0:33:11.440 --> 0:33:13.120 So like totally something's up. 0:33:13.280 --> 0:33:17.080 Yeah, totally, someone like wrong, pour water on these freezing children, 0:33:17.280 --> 0:33:20.720 or you lose your job, you know, yeah yeah, or 0:33:20.760 --> 0:33:22.640 even like I'm annoyed and I don't want to step 0:33:22.720 --> 0:33:26.680 up whatever. People are bad. Yeah, yeah, so most of them, 0:33:26.840 --> 0:33:28.880 most of the Newsies weren't homeless. Most of them were 0:33:28.880 --> 0:33:30.680 sent out by their parents to buy papers and sell 0:33:30.720 --> 0:33:34.680 them and bring that money home. And one of my 0:33:34.720 --> 0:33:37.160 favorite facts I learned about newsy is a cultural thing 0:33:37.160 --> 0:33:39.160 about them is that, according to the superintendent of the 0:33:39.160 --> 0:33:42.920 boarding houses, newsies insist that they eat their pie first 0:33:43.080 --> 0:33:47.120 at dinner. If they couldn't get pie, they would riot, 0:33:47.400 --> 0:33:52.280 chanting pie, pie, pie and throwing food around. The boys 0:33:52.480 --> 0:33:53.480 demand their pie. 0:33:54.880 --> 0:33:58.200 All right. Yeah, it's been a minute since I've loved 0:33:58.240 --> 0:33:59.000 pie that much. 0:33:59.040 --> 0:34:02.400 But okay, I mean, you know, I don't know in 0:34:02.480 --> 0:34:05.640 nineteenth century, yeah, food is like. 0:34:07.040 --> 0:34:10.400 Right, the one I guess it also, though, is like 0:34:10.480 --> 0:34:13.960 this thing where you're like, right, these are these are children? 0:34:14.080 --> 0:34:15.320 Yeah? Like children children? 0:34:15.400 --> 0:34:18.960 Yeah, these are like six to eighteen. If folks liked you, 0:34:18.960 --> 0:34:21.239 you got a nickname. Most of the characters that we'll 0:34:21.239 --> 0:34:23.160 talk about today have nicknames. But there's a couple that 0:34:23.200 --> 0:34:24.759 I didn't work into the script that I just want 0:34:24.760 --> 0:34:28.400 to read out. You've got kid Fish, You've got Scabooch, 0:34:28.880 --> 0:34:32.200 You've got Crutch and Morris, You've got Barney Peanuts, you 0:34:32.280 --> 0:34:35.239 got little slur for jew that's not actually what they 0:34:35.239 --> 0:34:39.000 call them. Uh. You got fishbone skinnies, you got cheek Grubber, 0:34:39.280 --> 0:34:44.080 you got Friedman, Frockets, young Monks, and hungry Joe. 0:34:45.840 --> 0:34:48.880 It's pretty good. I know, I feel like I feel 0:34:48.920 --> 0:34:52.120 like the nickname game. I mean, obviously, I guess you 0:34:52.160 --> 0:34:52.440 know why. 0:34:52.480 --> 0:34:55.080 I was going to say something very everyone fancies some 0:34:55.640 --> 0:34:59.840 solves like a real nickname person. But you know what, 0:35:00.120 --> 0:35:02.400 I probably wouldn't be better than anyone else at the 0:35:02.480 --> 0:35:03.080 nickname game. 0:35:03.360 --> 0:35:05.120 I'm realizing, I guess I say it out loud. 0:35:06.920 --> 0:35:09.839 They also gave nicknames to their adult supporters, like three 0:35:09.880 --> 0:35:14.040 women who were like news vendors with newstands. There was Aunt, 0:35:14.440 --> 0:35:18.640 there was Beauty, and then Hannah Kleff's nickname was just Fight. 0:35:22.160 --> 0:35:25.120 And I was a train hopper for a while, and 0:35:25.160 --> 0:35:27.880 everyone had like tough as fuck names, right, I have 0:35:28.000 --> 0:35:30.439 never met anyone with a name that goes as hard 0:35:30.640 --> 0:35:36.359 as some lady just named Fight. Why she called that, 0:35:36.520 --> 0:35:40.000 I don't know, fairly referenced. 0:35:43.320 --> 0:35:43.720 Lovely. 0:35:44.080 --> 0:35:47.560 Yeah. Yeah, so those were the news with old fight 0:35:47.800 --> 0:35:51.040 Yeah yeah, yeah, totally. I wouldn't mess with her, I 0:35:51.120 --> 0:35:51.800 know that much. 0:35:53.239 --> 0:35:55.560 I you know, I feel like there's like a twenty 0:35:55.600 --> 0:35:58.880 four cent chance it's a because she was quite a 0:35:58.920 --> 0:35:59.920 gentle soul life. 0:36:00.239 --> 0:36:00.839 No, that's true. 0:36:01.680 --> 0:36:05.040 The nickname game price falls just about those percentages. 0:36:05.160 --> 0:36:08.680 You never know, but yeah, no, totally, Like little John 0:36:08.920 --> 0:36:12.960 could be very small or very large, isn't in between. 0:36:13.480 --> 0:36:16.200 This woman is either tough as nails or will like 0:36:16.840 --> 0:36:21.400 spends all day taking kittens out of trees. And yeah, 0:36:21.440 --> 0:36:24.800 like it's polarizing. That's all you know about a nickname. 0:36:25.080 --> 0:36:28.000 It's either the thing or not the thing very much. 0:36:28.040 --> 0:36:35.359 So totally poor poor beauty okay or not? Yeah no, yeah, 0:36:35.400 --> 0:36:38.360 So these are the newsies, and across the country, but 0:36:38.560 --> 0:36:41.600 especially in New York City, they actually go on strike 0:36:41.719 --> 0:36:44.520 like kind of a lot. And it's interesting because there's 0:36:44.520 --> 0:36:47.080 not much institutional memory that you're talking about when you're 0:36:47.080 --> 0:36:50.600 talking about a job that someone holds free maximum of 0:36:50.640 --> 0:36:53.600 eleven years. Most people probably for three or four years, 0:36:53.760 --> 0:36:58.040 you know, right. In eighteen eighty six, the Brooklyn Times 0:36:58.200 --> 0:37:01.680 raised its price to newsboys and woos Wlliamsburg to one 0:37:01.719 --> 0:37:04.840 in an eighth cent, while it stayed one cent in 0:37:04.880 --> 0:37:09.480 downtown Brooklyn. It only took a one day strike to 0:37:09.520 --> 0:37:12.400 get that solved. The newsies refused to buy the paper, 0:37:12.880 --> 0:37:15.360 and they refuse to let anyone else buy the paper either. 0:37:16.800 --> 0:37:21.560 All papers were one cent after that. In eighteen eighty seven, 0:37:21.800 --> 0:37:24.880 this is my favorite, these little strikes. In Montgomery, Alabama, 0:37:25.080 --> 0:37:28.600 the newsboys went on strike against a labor union, the 0:37:28.680 --> 0:37:33.960 Knights of Labor, an American labor federation. They weren't technically 0:37:33.960 --> 0:37:37.040 a union. They're like a weird Have you heard the 0:37:37.120 --> 0:37:37.720 Nice of Labor? 0:37:38.640 --> 0:37:39.000 Nope? 0:37:39.040 --> 0:37:41.920 They should be so cool, right, they are the Nice 0:37:41.920 --> 0:37:44.600 of Labor. They're a semi secret society. They come before 0:37:44.680 --> 0:37:48.560 any other labor union stuff in America, and they're so boring. 0:37:50.960 --> 0:37:55.360 They're just whenever you read about them, they're like they're 0:37:55.400 --> 0:38:00.640 like the milk toast liberals. They're like, yeah, the not aggressives, 0:38:00.960 --> 0:38:02.319 the not radicals, you know. 0:38:03.360 --> 0:38:08.280 Right, Yeah, it's it's all the you know, the names. 0:38:08.360 --> 0:38:10.120 I think that's the thing though, It's like it's like 0:38:10.160 --> 0:38:13.080 what you're saying about uh acronyms? 0:38:13.320 --> 0:38:15.640 Yeah, was that before we started rolling it? Might have been. 0:38:15.680 --> 0:38:18.319 I was complaining about acronyms of labor unions before we 0:38:18.360 --> 0:38:20.439 started rolling. There's too many of them. 0:38:21.280 --> 0:38:26.120 But I think it's like, yeah, anyway, truly like the names. 0:38:26.160 --> 0:38:31.320 When the names get picked, those those are the good names. 0:38:31.120 --> 0:38:34.160 Get taken so long ago that yeah, almost by definition, 0:38:34.800 --> 0:38:38.279 if institution has been going on long enough, it might 0:38:38.320 --> 0:38:40.800 have an amazing name, but it has gone quite soft 0:38:40.840 --> 0:38:42.280 if it still exists totally. 0:38:42.560 --> 0:38:44.160 Yeah, maybe the Knights of Labor used to be an 0:38:44.160 --> 0:38:46.799 actually secret society before they became semi secret, and maybe 0:38:46.800 --> 0:38:50.439 they like function up and ruled. But yeah, I don't 0:38:50.480 --> 0:38:53.239 know about that, but I do know they raised their 0:38:53.280 --> 0:38:56.480 newsboy prices from thirty five cents per hundred to fifty 0:38:56.480 --> 0:39:00.000 cents per hundred copies of their paper, so the news 0:39:00.239 --> 0:39:03.400 struck flinging mud at scabs. This embarrassed the shit out 0:39:03.440 --> 0:39:05.800 of the Knights of Labor because they were a labor federation. 0:39:06.760 --> 0:39:08.760 I actually couldn't track down the results of the strike. 0:39:08.880 --> 0:39:11.560 I'm I think it was successful, but I don't know. 0:39:11.640 --> 0:39:14.439 Yeah, it is, that is the thing. 0:39:14.560 --> 0:39:20.200 I mean, it's it's less but not I don't know enough. 0:39:20.280 --> 0:39:23.520 I know it has, you know, happened I think recently ish, 0:39:23.600 --> 0:39:26.560 but it is like the employees of labor unions and 0:39:27.120 --> 0:39:30.760 more but more often like things like nonprofits or places 0:39:30.760 --> 0:39:35.080 that are nominally doing good. Really, it is a little 0:39:35.360 --> 0:39:38.799 shocking how little people practice what they preach with their 0:39:38.840 --> 0:39:40.480 actual direct employees. 0:39:40.640 --> 0:39:41.040 Totally. 0:39:41.160 --> 0:39:42.520 It's fucked up. 0:39:42.719 --> 0:39:45.400 Yeah, Like, if you want to destroy a nonprofit, unionize 0:39:45.400 --> 0:39:48.239 its workers. It should be the easiest workplace in the 0:39:48.280 --> 0:39:52.360 world to unionize. Yeah, and shout out to anyone who's 0:39:52.520 --> 0:39:55.000 a union organizer in a nonprofit world, you are doing 0:39:56.600 --> 0:39:57.479 very important work. 0:39:58.520 --> 0:40:00.280 Yeah. 0:40:00.360 --> 0:40:03.000 In eighteen eighty nine, we get another strike in New 0:40:03.080 --> 0:40:05.640 York City. This one is a lot like the one 0:40:05.640 --> 0:40:07.719 that came aft ten years later, to the point where 0:40:07.719 --> 0:40:09.440 literally I had to spend a while being like is 0:40:09.480 --> 0:40:11.920 this a typo? When I would read eighteen eighty nine 0:40:11.960 --> 0:40:17.480 and all these newspapers because this was gonna sound whatever. 0:40:17.560 --> 0:40:19.200 I'm like, I'm going to say these things, but you 0:40:19.280 --> 0:40:20.840 all don't know the rest of the story yet, so 0:40:20.880 --> 0:40:23.879 it doesn't sound prescient yet. Two newspapers, The Evening Sun 0:40:23.920 --> 0:40:25.879 in the Evening World tried to hike their rates from 0:40:25.880 --> 0:40:29.840 fifty cents to sixty cents. The Newsboys of Manhattan Brooklyn 0:40:29.920 --> 0:40:32.600 both struck and of course an important part of striking 0:40:32.680 --> 0:40:36.040 is stopping scab labor. So they followed delivery wagons. They 0:40:36.120 --> 0:40:39.239 pelted the delivery wagons with rocks. They threw mud at 0:40:39.239 --> 0:40:42.319 a political cartoonist who was against the strike. I didn't 0:40:42.320 --> 0:40:45.080 realize how much flinging mud was like a literal thing 0:40:45.200 --> 0:40:50.640 instead of a metaphorical thing in the nineteenth century. And 0:40:51.040 --> 0:40:53.480 they burned stacks of the newspapers in the street. They 0:40:53.480 --> 0:40:55.439 would like run and capture them and then just set 0:40:55.440 --> 0:40:59.319 them on fire. Hell yeah, yeah, and apparently like dance 0:40:59.360 --> 0:41:03.600 around the bond fires and shit, hoot and holler, and. 0:41:02.560 --> 0:41:03.840 It really is. It's true. 0:41:03.880 --> 0:41:06.359 It's like the just thinking of like where you'd even 0:41:06.400 --> 0:41:09.359 get mud in Manhattan is kind of freaking me out. 0:41:09.400 --> 0:41:13.000 Oh it wasn't paved yet, Yeah right, no, I know, yeah, 0:41:13.040 --> 0:41:19.280 it's definitely what a different era. Yeah, during this strike, 0:41:19.560 --> 0:41:21.560 an eleven year old an Italian by the name of 0:41:21.640 --> 0:41:24.399 Joseph Baldy, he tore up the newspapers of a kid 0:41:24.400 --> 0:41:27.520 who was scabbing, so the cops arrested him. So another 0:41:27.560 --> 0:41:30.480 eleven year old, a Polish kid named Arthur Lufft, hit 0:41:30.520 --> 0:41:32.880 the cop of the bail stick. And I know what 0:41:32.880 --> 0:41:36.880 you're thinking, what the fuck is a bail stick? And 0:41:36.960 --> 0:41:38.600 I don't know what the fuck a bail stick is 0:41:38.680 --> 0:41:42.120 because I assume it's a pole you used to bail 0:41:42.160 --> 0:41:44.880 hey or move bales of hay. But the only Google 0:41:44.920 --> 0:41:48.080 results for bailstick are New York Times from the turn 0:41:48.120 --> 0:41:51.440 of the century talking to various people hitting and killing 0:41:51.440 --> 0:41:55.600 each other with bail sticks in the city. Oh god, 0:41:56.520 --> 0:41:59.480 so I'm guessing that they are a common improvised weapon. 0:42:00.680 --> 0:42:03.239 Yeah, is it? Like, I mean, the thing that you 0:42:03.280 --> 0:42:05.520 bail hay with is like a little book right now? 0:42:06.000 --> 0:42:11.279 Yeah, I don't know, Oh yeah, or like something you. 0:42:11.280 --> 0:42:16.600 Paid it it is with so visceral Like anytime you're 0:42:16.680 --> 0:42:21.160 like anytime you talk about like, yeah, I guess original labor, 0:42:21.200 --> 0:42:24.520 whether it's like you know, pick axes and axe handles 0:42:24.640 --> 0:42:28.440 or axes or whatever it is. I'm just like, I mean, 0:42:28.480 --> 0:42:31.200 I know it's good that humanity is not built like 0:42:31.239 --> 0:42:31.840 that anymore. 0:42:32.120 --> 0:42:32.920 Jesus Christ. 0:42:33.160 --> 0:42:38.279 Yeah, no, it' there's like there's some like questions around 0:42:38.320 --> 0:42:41.560 the efficacy of violence as relates to labor actions, and 0:42:41.600 --> 0:42:45.000 like also the morality of violences related to labor actions 0:42:45.280 --> 0:42:46.359 that like and. 0:42:46.360 --> 0:42:48.319 I guess guns really changed a lot of that shit. 0:42:48.400 --> 0:42:53.719 That's true, that's true. Yeah fuck so yeah, so so 0:42:53.920 --> 0:42:56.640 Arthur left. The eleven year old hits the cop with 0:42:56.640 --> 0:42:58.400 a bail stick and then leads a crowd of one 0:42:58.480 --> 0:43:02.840 hundred kids to de arrest their but Arthur is also arrested. 0:43:02.840 --> 0:43:04.399 This is how we have their names. It's like from 0:43:04.680 --> 0:43:07.800 criminal records. Both of them are taken to Enemy of 0:43:07.840 --> 0:43:11.320 the Pod, the Tombs in New York City. If anyone 0:43:11.360 --> 0:43:13.319 has someone goes to the Tombs on your cool people 0:43:13.320 --> 0:43:17.080 bingo card, go ahead and mark that square. Basically everyone 0:43:17.120 --> 0:43:19.520 gets sent to the Tombs. It's this very depressing jail 0:43:19.560 --> 0:43:24.480 in Manhattan. Even though the most newsboys were not formally organized. Okay, 0:43:24.480 --> 0:43:25.880 so that was that strike. 0:43:26.200 --> 0:43:28.760 And so even though most newsboys were not formally organized, 0:43:28.840 --> 0:43:32.320 they were also more reliable for solidarity than other people 0:43:32.360 --> 0:43:36.719 were with them, so they were constantly sticking up for 0:43:36.880 --> 0:43:41.160 other strikes, much like the Screen Actors Guild is now 0:43:41.200 --> 0:43:45.840 sticking up for you. During the eighteen ninety four Pullman 0:43:45.960 --> 0:43:48.520 strike in Chicago, which was a train strike, there was 0:43:48.560 --> 0:43:52.400 a boycott organized newspapers that printed articles against the boycott 0:43:52.440 --> 0:43:55.280 found that the newsies would drop those papers into the sewers. 0:43:56.040 --> 0:43:57.839 So suddenly the press had to be a little bit 0:43:57.840 --> 0:44:02.879 more positive about the strike because the eleven year olds 0:44:02.880 --> 0:44:05.200 who sold their ship wanted to be on the right 0:44:05.200 --> 0:44:05.880 side of history. 0:44:06.880 --> 0:44:08.600 I mean it is like really funny. 0:44:08.640 --> 0:44:13.240 It's like you're almost talking about like, yeah, the newsy 0:44:13.320 --> 0:44:17.080 is being the last mile in terms of delivering media. 0:44:18.800 --> 0:44:23.680 Is some real like Elon Musk, the fascist buys Twitter 0:44:23.800 --> 0:44:26.440 kind of shit where you're like, yeah, just like the 0:44:26.960 --> 0:44:30.080 last the last mile can really influence shit. 0:44:30.680 --> 0:44:32.920 You're right, that is those people have no power. 0:44:33.120 --> 0:44:36.719 Yeah. Yeah, I wish that Twitter was run by a 0:44:36.760 --> 0:44:39.600 bunch of eleven year olds. It would be substantially better 0:44:40.000 --> 0:44:41.360 than it is under Elon Musk. 0:44:42.320 --> 0:44:46.360 Yeah, it sounds the problem is not like humor wise, 0:44:46.440 --> 0:44:48.400 it is, but fascism wise. 0:44:48.800 --> 0:44:52.520 It's. Yeah, the problem is that's like a real Nazi 0:44:52.560 --> 0:44:53.439 eleven year old. 0:44:53.920 --> 0:44:55.640 Yeah you no, no, but no, it needs to be run 0:44:55.640 --> 0:44:59.160 by a whole bunch of actual several Yeah, not one 0:45:00.040 --> 0:45:02.520 old man who likes to pretend that he is young 0:45:02.560 --> 0:45:03.600 and acts like he is young. 0:45:04.520 --> 0:45:07.600 Yeah. No, a grip of children for CEO. 0:45:07.880 --> 0:45:12.799 Yeah, absolutely, that is the new motto of every. 0:45:14.239 --> 0:45:18.920 Good The only good billionaire is like ten million children. 0:45:18.840 --> 0:45:19.680 In a trench coat. 0:45:20.640 --> 0:45:21.359 Yeah. 0:45:21.440 --> 0:45:25.439 Yeah, So there's way more strikes than just these. Many 0:45:25.520 --> 0:45:28.440 went unremembered, like literally, like there's like one in eighteen 0:45:28.520 --> 0:45:30.960 ninety three in New York City that the only reference 0:45:31.000 --> 0:45:34.120 that we have to it was a kid giving a 0:45:34.160 --> 0:45:36.799 speech later being like, hey, we won an eighteen ninety three, 0:45:36.840 --> 0:45:40.160 We're gonna win now, and like and maybe there's other 0:45:40.160 --> 0:45:45.640 references to it that I couldn't find, but the news 0:45:45.640 --> 0:45:49.719 are being you know, it's like it's the history isn't 0:45:49.719 --> 0:45:52.680 recessarily just written by the victors. It's written by the newspapers, right. 0:45:53.480 --> 0:45:57.600 Right, And so in this case, the losers yeah totally 0:45:57.800 --> 0:46:00.359 yeah boom, you don't want to admit that lost. 0:46:01.400 --> 0:46:03.279 And so there weren't too many people speaking for the 0:46:03.320 --> 0:46:06.359 voiceless street kids, and mainstream labor wasn't actually helping them 0:46:06.440 --> 0:46:08.839 very much either. So the strike of eighteen ninety nine 0:46:08.880 --> 0:46:11.000 wasn't out of the blue. It's still ruled, and let's 0:46:11.040 --> 0:46:14.719 talk about it, just kidding us. Let's give more context, hahaha, 0:46:16.120 --> 0:46:21.800 all contexts, context all the way down. Baby, don't worry. 0:46:22.400 --> 0:46:25.959 Most of the context people hitting cops with sex. It's great. 0:46:26.120 --> 0:46:28.040 Context is the real text. 0:46:27.880 --> 0:46:31.680 Yeah, totally, just means with text, I don't actually know 0:46:31.680 --> 0:46:32.880 the oediblagy. 0:46:33.360 --> 0:46:35.760 I mean it has to be. Yeah. 0:46:35.840 --> 0:46:38.759 So in eighteen ninety eight, the US had a little 0:46:38.800 --> 0:46:41.200 war with Spain. It was called the Spanish American War. 0:46:42.000 --> 0:46:44.680 We're not going to get into it, but it is 0:46:44.719 --> 0:46:48.480 worth knowing that it was like like newspaper people like 0:46:48.560 --> 0:46:51.839 took credit for starting that war. I don't remember which one. 0:46:51.920 --> 0:46:54.680 I didn't write it into the script. It's worth knowing 0:46:54.719 --> 0:46:58.080 that war means good headlines means good newspaper sales, and 0:46:58.560 --> 0:47:02.520 so unfortunately for the newspaper companies, but fortunately for I 0:47:02.560 --> 0:47:05.640 don't know, human life, the war didn't last very long. 0:47:07.360 --> 0:47:09.920 During the war, it was a seller's market, and newspapers 0:47:10.000 --> 0:47:13.440 jacked up their prices and they charged the newsboys sixty 0:47:13.480 --> 0:47:16.239 cents per one hundred copies instead of fifty cents. And 0:47:16.320 --> 0:47:18.480 some newsies were like, the hell with this, you can't 0:47:18.520 --> 0:47:20.520 raise their prices, but most of them were like, you 0:47:20.560 --> 0:47:24.279 know what, war sells, It's fine. We're selling so many 0:47:24.280 --> 0:47:27.200 more papers. We more than make up for it in bulk, 0:47:27.440 --> 0:47:30.719 even though I have a lower profit margin. But then 0:47:30.719 --> 0:47:33.640 the war ended, and all the papers lowered their prices 0:47:33.640 --> 0:47:38.239 back down to fifty cents, except two of them, the 0:47:38.320 --> 0:47:41.400 two biggest papers in New York City, decided they quite 0:47:41.520 --> 0:47:44.319 liked making more profit, thank you very much, And they 0:47:44.320 --> 0:47:47.239 didn't care that they're already starving newsboys would have to 0:47:47.280 --> 0:47:51.879 starve harder. These two papers, they're run by men. People 0:47:51.960 --> 0:47:56.040 still remember today. Most people don't realize that they're villains. 0:47:56.080 --> 0:47:59.200 I think people pretend all the time that these two 0:47:59.280 --> 0:48:02.719 were fierce, right, that they were bitter enemies. That's just 0:48:02.760 --> 0:48:06.160 not true. They were like in competition with each other, 0:48:06.960 --> 0:48:13.880 and they worked constantly together against the real enemies children. Yeah, 0:48:14.239 --> 0:48:15.279 I don't know how'll just say that. 0:48:16.239 --> 0:48:20.040 I mean watching watching this happen firsthand, Like you know, 0:48:20.200 --> 0:48:22.880 as as this writer, the writer's build. We are striking 0:48:22.880 --> 0:48:27.840 against a conglomeration of companies who I don't even know 0:48:27.880 --> 0:48:32.880 who that should be fighting each other. It is shocking 0:48:32.960 --> 0:48:36.640 the amount of solidarity. I mean, without getting into the weeds, 0:48:36.680 --> 0:48:41.239 it is like some companies within the studios that were 0:48:41.239 --> 0:48:44.719 striking against stand a profit much more from the systems 0:48:44.719 --> 0:48:48.680 that they're trying to uphold. Yeah, and it is truly 0:48:48.719 --> 0:48:51.239 shocking that places like I don't know, we'll say, like 0:48:51.320 --> 0:48:55.960 a CBS is handing the entity Netflix, which will one 0:48:56.040 --> 0:48:59.759 day destroy, literally handing them ammunition with this strike, with 0:48:59.800 --> 0:49:00.560 this action. 0:49:01.400 --> 0:49:06.520 No that they the enemy always has saw the giant 0:49:06.560 --> 0:49:09.680 corporations always have solidarity with each other. It's so hard 0:49:09.719 --> 0:49:12.040 to write when you talk about like newspapers or Netflix. Right, 0:49:12.040 --> 0:49:16.040 it's like I like watching TV. I presume you like 0:49:16.120 --> 0:49:21.160 writing TV. Like the the union people in the newspapers 0:49:21.239 --> 0:49:24.360 like making these papers. It's literally just the companies, the 0:49:24.440 --> 0:49:27.840 institutions themselves, not necessarily the individuals within it inside some 0:49:27.840 --> 0:49:29.800 of the individuals at the top who when I'm like 0:49:29.880 --> 0:49:34.799 the enemy, you know, it's like, yeah, so these two 0:49:35.719 --> 0:49:40.160 the enemy of children are men named Joseph Pulitzer and 0:49:40.200 --> 0:49:44.440 William Randolph Hurst Senior. Pulitzer is of course remembered as 0:49:44.440 --> 0:49:49.000 the namesake for the Journalism Prize. These two together invented 0:49:49.040 --> 0:49:54.400 what's called yellow journalism aka clickbait. More ways, they disrupted. 0:49:54.840 --> 0:49:57.120 They came in and disrupted traditional newspapers. 0:49:57.120 --> 0:49:59.960 They actually they disrupted actual informa. 0:50:00.800 --> 0:50:04.520 Yeah, totally. Yeah. They led with sex and violence and 0:50:04.640 --> 0:50:07.880 huge misleading headlines. One of them like invented the headline 0:50:07.880 --> 0:50:10.200 that actually goes across the entire paper instead of just 0:50:10.239 --> 0:50:12.359 like being at the top of the little column. And 0:50:13.080 --> 0:50:17.000 they also well, okay, two things. One is that they 0:50:17.360 --> 0:50:21.680 collaboratively decided to not raise, to not lower their prices together, right, 0:50:21.920 --> 0:50:24.040 because if only one of them had these were these 0:50:24.040 --> 0:50:26.880 were in a huge fight with each other, right, and 0:50:26.960 --> 0:50:30.200 so if only one of them had lowered their prices, like, 0:50:30.920 --> 0:50:33.799 it would have gone bad for them, right. Yeah, yeah, 0:50:33.920 --> 0:50:36.799 but friendly competition. Okay. The other thing that they did 0:50:36.920 --> 0:50:39.280 is they developed this whole trick where the real customer 0:50:39.400 --> 0:50:43.239 was their advertisers. But they get people to pay you 0:50:43.320 --> 0:50:45.360 for the right to get ads shoved down your throat. 0:50:45.680 --> 0:50:49.080 So they're getting paid on both sides, which is why 0:50:49.480 --> 0:50:51.279 it's worth pointing out that we hear at cool zone 0:50:51.280 --> 0:50:55.319 Media give you the choice, eh, eh, it's either free 0:50:55.360 --> 0:50:58.040 with ads or you pay us and then there's no ads. 0:50:58.400 --> 0:51:00.160 I tried to write this snarky, but honestly, I think 0:51:00.160 --> 0:51:03.080 it's actually a really important difference between trying to get 0:51:03.120 --> 0:51:07.000 paid on both sides of it. Yeah, so that came 0:51:07.040 --> 0:51:16.759 off so genuine, Yeah, I'm with you. Yeah, And uh so, 0:51:16.880 --> 0:51:19.280 if you are one of our paid subscribers on cooler 0:51:19.400 --> 0:51:21.720 zone Media, which is currently an Apple podcast and eventually 0:51:21.760 --> 0:51:23.320 hopefully be also available for Android. 0:51:23.760 --> 0:51:28.400 You can soon stop asking, I'll tell you, yeah. 0:51:28.400 --> 0:51:31.680 Stop asking Sophie about it, unless it's already happened, in 0:51:31.680 --> 0:51:35.400 which case it's funny to ask Sophie. You can find Sophie. 0:51:35.560 --> 0:51:43.040 Don't ask, right, Okay, Yeah, okay, yeah, yeah. 0:51:43.080 --> 0:51:46.239 So either listen to ads or don't, depending on which 0:51:46.320 --> 0:51:47.720 choice you've made. 0:51:47.760 --> 0:51:49.240 Or you can choose to do both. 0:51:49.800 --> 0:51:52.879 Choose both. 0:51:53.000 --> 0:51:55.080 That is a way to double support. 0:51:55.239 --> 0:51:58.279 If you, the listener want to want to get get 0:51:58.320 --> 0:51:59.799 an extra weird gold star. 0:52:00.320 --> 0:52:04.000 Yeah, yeah, And we're gonna make extra weird gold Stars 0:52:04.000 --> 0:52:06.040 and send them to you as long as you just 0:52:06.320 --> 0:52:12.960 add us on Twitter at I read. Okay, okay. To 0:52:12.960 --> 0:52:15.680 talk about Pulitzer, if you take out the whole mistreatment 0:52:15.719 --> 0:52:18.920 of children thing, Pulitzer starts off looking okay. He was 0:52:18.920 --> 0:52:21.160 a Hungarian Jewish immigrant to the US who fought for 0:52:21.200 --> 0:52:24.520 the Union in the Civil War, and stopping slavery wins 0:52:24.560 --> 0:52:27.160 a lot of points in my book. Right, there's a 0:52:27.160 --> 0:52:31.239 lot of like pretty mediocre people who did that thing, 0:52:32.120 --> 0:52:35.279 and I'm like, well you did that thing. That was 0:52:35.280 --> 0:52:38.640 a big one, you know. He also rode freight trains, 0:52:38.680 --> 0:52:40.960 around after the war looking for work, and I just 0:52:40.960 --> 0:52:43.799 think that's esthetically cool. My grandfather used to do that. 0:52:45.280 --> 0:52:48.200 He worked sixteen hour days to break his way into journalism. 0:52:48.480 --> 0:52:52.000 His coworkers treated him very well and with respect and 0:52:52.040 --> 0:52:56.080 gave him the nickname Joey the Jew because they didn't 0:52:56.080 --> 0:53:01.240 actually treat him with respect. And then he got himself 0:53:01.239 --> 0:53:03.359 into office as a Republican. And I feel like it's 0:53:03.400 --> 0:53:05.480 worth saying anytime I mentioned the word republican in the 0:53:05.560 --> 0:53:07.600 nineteenth century on the show, that I need to point 0:53:07.600 --> 0:53:10.560 out that this means the opposite of what it means today, 0:53:11.040 --> 0:53:18.799 republican other kind. Yeah, totally og And you know, you 0:53:18.920 --> 0:53:22.040 end his story here and he's great, but he was 0:53:22.080 --> 0:53:24.480 really into capitalism. So eventually he left the Republicans and 0:53:24.560 --> 0:53:27.120 joined the Democrats. Now that the shadow of the Confederate 0:53:27.120 --> 0:53:28.200 so he was dropping away. 0:53:28.040 --> 0:53:29.880 Other kind, but not as much the other kind as 0:53:30.040 --> 0:53:31.600 yea for the other kind. 0:53:32.000 --> 0:53:35.400 Yeah, around the time it was starting to shift. I 0:53:35.440 --> 0:53:40.160 think at least anti slavery was more important to him 0:53:40.200 --> 0:53:43.040 than being pro free market was. Soon he spent his 0:53:43.120 --> 0:53:45.839 time both trying to control people through elected office and 0:53:45.880 --> 0:53:48.560 controlling people through the news. He was fairly upfront about this. 0:53:49.280 --> 0:53:52.120 He started the Saint Louis Post Dispatch. He crushed some 0:53:52.280 --> 0:53:54.680 unionizing there. He moved to New York City. He bought 0:53:54.719 --> 0:53:56.600 The New York World. He built it up to be 0:53:56.640 --> 0:53:58.640 the biggest paper in the country, of the circulation of 0:53:58.680 --> 0:54:03.760 six hundred thousand copies. And then you've got Hurst. Hurst 0:54:03.800 --> 0:54:05.839 was a rich wasp who was raised by a rich 0:54:05.880 --> 0:54:08.759 fuck wasp. He claimed to be a progressive democrat the 0:54:08.800 --> 0:54:12.359 working classes friend, but he was not. And then he 0:54:12.440 --> 0:54:15.960 later became a fierce anti communist and conservative who loved Hitler, 0:54:16.160 --> 0:54:19.480 literal Hitler. And then he built himself a castle overlooking 0:54:19.480 --> 0:54:19.960 the ocean. 0:54:20.480 --> 0:54:26.719 So, yeah, which we're remarkably chill about. Honestly, it's I know, 0:54:28.640 --> 0:54:32.400 but you know what if we if we include the 0:54:32.520 --> 0:54:36.640 architecture of every Nazi lover, where would we be as 0:54:36.680 --> 0:54:37.520 a society? 0:54:38.640 --> 0:54:41.240 You know, I want to look in the ocean? 0:54:41.640 --> 0:54:44.680 Yeah, yeah, the castle park concentrated on the castle park, 0:54:44.680 --> 0:54:45.600 not the Nazi part. 0:54:46.040 --> 0:54:47.520 Yeah yeah, totally. 0:54:49.280 --> 0:54:51.080 You get them to build it, and then you will 0:54:51.120 --> 0:54:53.920 still drive forwards, come on, totally. 0:54:54.800 --> 0:55:01.600 Yeah. Anyway, there are villains, fuck them both. They decided 0:55:01.600 --> 0:55:04.319 to fuck over literal children. The literal children who had 0:55:04.320 --> 0:55:07.400 built their fortune, not just random children, but literally the 0:55:07.400 --> 0:55:10.759 ones who had built their fortune by going out late 0:55:10.800 --> 0:55:13.680 at night, starving, screaming extra extra, read all about it. 0:55:15.480 --> 0:55:19.680 The children were like, nah, fuck that. So they went 0:55:19.719 --> 0:55:24.080 on strike. And this strike is actually fairly typical of 0:55:24.120 --> 0:55:27.840 a Newsy strike, although larger in scale, and so the 0:55:27.840 --> 0:55:30.680 prices stayed high. The war has ended, the prices stay high. 0:55:31.000 --> 0:55:34.200 So on July eighteenth, eighteen ninety nine, the one thing 0:55:34.200 --> 0:55:35.880 I think people get wrong about this is me being potentic. 0:55:35.880 --> 0:55:37.480 The one thing people get wrong about it wasn't just 0:55:37.520 --> 0:55:40.120 like one day they raised the prices and people were like, no, 0:55:40.200 --> 0:55:43.400 more right, The prices hadn't gone down, And then eventually 0:55:43.400 --> 0:55:45.520 people were like, but we're literally starving. We can't do 0:55:45.600 --> 0:55:49.000 this right. Our profit margin cannot you know, going from 0:55:49.040 --> 0:55:51.799 twenty five cents a day to like, I don't know, 0:55:51.920 --> 0:55:55.319 eighteen cents a day or less is not a doable thing. 0:55:55.920 --> 0:55:58.680 So on July eighteenth, eighteen ninety nine, newsboys in Long 0:55:58.719 --> 0:56:01.600 Island City, only time that that will ever come up 0:56:01.600 --> 0:56:03.680 in any history book ever, the only thing that's ever 0:56:03.680 --> 0:56:07.240 happened in Long Island City. They turned over a wagon 0:56:07.239 --> 0:56:09.239 for the new York Journal and they're like, man, fuck this. 0:56:11.000 --> 0:56:13.279 And they might have announced this as a strike, but 0:56:13.360 --> 0:56:15.920 I think it was just an insurrectionary labor action, like 0:56:15.960 --> 0:56:21.920 completely unorganized. The next day, Newsy's in Manhattan Brooklyn were like, oh, 0:56:22.000 --> 0:56:25.440 it's a strike. They formed a union. It was called 0:56:25.440 --> 0:56:29.319 the Newsboys Union. They elected officers and they refuse to 0:56:29.320 --> 0:56:31.960 take papers to sell, and of course, just as importantly, 0:56:32.120 --> 0:56:34.319 they refuse to let anyone else take papers to sell 0:56:34.360 --> 0:56:38.439 as well. The president on paper was a guy named 0:56:38.480 --> 0:56:41.920 David Dave Simmons, who doesn't even get a cool nickname. Literally, 0:56:41.960 --> 0:56:43.120 his nickname was Dave. 0:56:43.719 --> 0:56:46.040 That is I disagreed, that is cool. 0:56:46.440 --> 0:56:50.040 Okay, name is no, name is David, and you go 0:56:50.120 --> 0:56:56.319 by David, quotes Dave and then Simmons. It was like, 0:56:57.080 --> 0:56:59.960 that's so bonkers, it's I think it's quite cool. 0:57:00.640 --> 0:57:03.399 No, all right, all right, I'm here because he gets 0:57:03.440 --> 0:57:06.640 presented as like the boring guy, right yeah, because he 0:57:06.719 --> 0:57:08.640 was not a good speaker and he mostly like gave 0:57:08.800 --> 0:57:11.000 speeches about like the numbers and how things were going. 0:57:11.680 --> 0:57:16.600 But this actually makes sense because okay, he'd been selling paper. 0:57:16.640 --> 0:57:19.080 He's twenty one when this starts, he's like the oldest 0:57:19.120 --> 0:57:21.640 of them. He'd been selling paper since he was eight, 0:57:21.880 --> 0:57:24.160 and he was an amateur boxer who would like prize 0:57:24.200 --> 0:57:28.280 fight on the street, my god, and he had a 0:57:28.280 --> 0:57:32.040 prime spot for selling papers because anyone who wanted it 0:57:32.080 --> 0:57:34.480 could have it. They just had to lick him as 0:57:34.520 --> 0:57:37.600 how he used it and no one could do it. 0:57:38.240 --> 0:57:40.400 I suspect this is how he ended up the president 0:57:40.440 --> 0:57:43.200 of the union. It was not his charisma, it was 0:57:43.240 --> 0:57:46.360 his Yeah, don't fuck with Dave. You're right in a 0:57:46.400 --> 0:57:51.160 world full of like, I don't know hid fish and yes, 0:57:51.480 --> 0:57:52.520 don't fuck with Dave. 0:57:53.080 --> 0:57:53.360 Dave. 0:57:53.680 --> 0:57:56.640 Dave is the actual scariest motherfucker are out. 0:57:57.000 --> 0:57:58.960 That's terrifying. Who is he? 0:57:59.520 --> 0:58:04.920 Oh? His name is David. He goes by Dave. What 0:58:06.160 --> 0:58:09.760 he doesn't need a better nickname? Yeah, gotcha, loud and clear. 0:58:10.160 --> 0:58:12.560 Yeah. I bet other people try to give him nicknames 0:58:12.560 --> 0:58:19.960 and he just punched them. You know, they're like, I'm Dave. Yeah. 0:58:20.040 --> 0:58:20.360 I like. 0:58:20.520 --> 0:58:23.600 I like how entertained Andrew is by this entire bit. 0:58:23.800 --> 0:58:28.320 It's just so weird. It's it's just it's like, who do. 0:58:30.000 --> 0:58:32.920 You know? You could be anything? He could be danned off, 0:58:33.000 --> 0:58:33.400 I mean. 0:58:33.320 --> 0:58:34.920 Yeah, literally anything. 0:58:35.240 --> 0:58:40.160 Yeah, So I say he was the leader. He's the 0:58:40.200 --> 0:58:43.200 leader on paper, because the leadership in this organization was very, 0:58:43.320 --> 0:58:47.280 very informal, so you might imagine this was technically a union, 0:58:47.320 --> 0:58:50.520 but it was not a bureaucratic engine. People were generally 0:58:50.520 --> 0:58:53.240 more loyal to their regions than to any central leadership. 0:58:53.520 --> 0:58:57.680 For example, you had spot Conlin over in Brooklyn, who 0:58:57.720 --> 0:59:01.280 was the leader there. He always wore pink suspender and 0:59:01.520 --> 0:59:03.760 he got the best line in the nineteen ninety two 0:59:03.800 --> 0:59:05.960 Disney version of this when he shows up with a 0:59:06.000 --> 0:59:14.439 slingshot and he says, never fear, Brooklyn is here. And 0:59:15.000 --> 0:59:16.360 I don't know if he was as small as he 0:59:16.440 --> 0:59:18.400 was in the I couldn't find enough information about spot 0:59:18.400 --> 0:59:21.400 Conlin in the movie. He's like the small kid who's 0:59:21.440 --> 0:59:24.320 like the scary boss of Brooklyn that you don't want 0:59:24.320 --> 0:59:28.920 to mess with. The strike's method was fairly simple. You 0:59:28.960 --> 0:59:31.840 stop the papers from getting sold. However you feel like 0:59:31.840 --> 0:59:35.440 stopping the papers from getting sold. Anyone selling the papers, 0:59:35.520 --> 0:59:38.720 kid or adult, would get mobbed up, possibly beaten up, 0:59:38.840 --> 0:59:41.840 depending on what you're reading, and have his papers destroyed 0:59:43.000 --> 0:59:46.320 or just followed around by people yelling scab, scab, scab 0:59:46.400 --> 0:59:49.680 all day. Soon most scabs joined the strike. 0:59:50.680 --> 0:59:55.080 Yeah, not like a little little shave and just like 0:59:55.520 --> 0:59:57.440 seeing you're on the wrong side of things. 0:59:57.760 --> 1:00:02.240 Yeah, totally, totally. So at one point, a scabbing kid 1:00:02.320 --> 1:00:04.960 was with a scabby kid was selling papers and he 1:00:05.000 --> 1:00:07.280 was being guarded by a cop. Like directly, this cop 1:00:07.400 --> 1:00:09.920 was like defending his one kid. So a news he 1:00:10.000 --> 1:00:13.040 named Young Mush spoke up and Young Mush got his 1:00:13.120 --> 1:00:17.600 name because he had a girlfriend, and that was like mushy, like, ew' 1:00:17.680 --> 1:00:22.440 go girlfriend, Yeah, your name is young Mush. I love it, 1:00:23.520 --> 1:00:25.680 he said, basically, And this is like a direct quote 1:00:25.680 --> 1:00:27.400 from a newspaper, but I don't believe the direct quotes 1:00:27.440 --> 1:00:30.400 from newspapers around this. He said, quote that CoP's too 1:00:30.440 --> 1:00:32.120 fat to run fast, and I'll get him after me 1:00:32.160 --> 1:00:34.040 if you'll tend to the scab when he gets away. 1:00:35.440 --> 1:00:38.360 So Young Mush walks up, snatches the kid's papers and 1:00:38.480 --> 1:00:43.000 just takes off running. The cop chases him, and fifteen 1:00:43.000 --> 1:00:47.160 strikers beat up the scab. The scabbing kid runs off. 1:00:47.360 --> 1:00:49.240 They catch up with him a few blocks away and 1:00:49.280 --> 1:00:51.160 are like, so, are you with us, and he's like, yeah, 1:00:51.200 --> 1:00:54.840 I'm with you, and then he yeah, that day helps 1:00:54.880 --> 1:00:57.680 bring down someone who's trying to smuggle some papers into Brooklyn. 1:00:58.840 --> 1:01:03.720 Yeah, I'm I'm you know, yeah, it's sort of like 1:01:03.920 --> 1:01:05.240 those are the tools you got. 1:01:05.080 --> 1:01:06.840 And I understand, yeah totally. 1:01:06.920 --> 1:01:08.960 I was thinking actually about this because one of the 1:01:09.440 --> 1:01:11.440 as far as I know, I don't know the formal 1:01:11.480 --> 1:01:14.280 process for what the Writer's Guild will do about scabs. 1:01:14.520 --> 1:01:19.080 The thing I've heard the most, which again I'm not 1:01:19.120 --> 1:01:21.560 one hundred percent sure how like true this is or 1:01:21.600 --> 1:01:23.840 what the process is, but it is a little funny 1:01:23.880 --> 1:01:26.640 that one of the things the Writer's Guild of America 1:01:27.080 --> 1:01:30.560 can hold over potential scabbers is that you will not 1:01:30.760 --> 1:01:33.720 be allowed or potentially I think in you know, I 1:01:33.760 --> 1:01:36.000 guess it would have to be incredibly egregious. You would 1:01:36.080 --> 1:01:38.600 have your health insurance taken away, or you would not 1:01:38.640 --> 1:01:41.760 be able to join the guild and get guild health insurance. 1:01:41.960 --> 1:01:45.080 Oh yeah, And it is a little bonkers that truly, 1:01:45.400 --> 1:01:47.720 Like the reason they have this cudgel is because America 1:01:47.800 --> 1:01:48.560 is so fucked up. 1:01:48.920 --> 1:01:50.120 That's totally. 1:01:51.640 --> 1:01:56.160 Like withholding health insurance is like a pretty terrifying thing. 1:01:56.800 --> 1:01:59.959 It's like actually fairly comparable to beating someone up. Both 1:02:00.000 --> 1:02:03.120 some of them are your health will get worse yeah, 1:02:03.200 --> 1:02:07.600 although I would rather take like get beat up when 1:02:07.640 --> 1:02:10.360 I'm thirteen by some other thirteen year olds, which happened 1:02:10.360 --> 1:02:12.920 to me on a regular basis, then like die of 1:02:13.000 --> 1:02:16.200 cancer untreated or whatever, you know, right right, I'm not trying. 1:02:16.200 --> 1:02:19.800 It's just I'm just it's amazing that yeah, our country. 1:02:19.920 --> 1:02:22.160 It is just it's just so yeah, it's just wild 1:02:22.200 --> 1:02:25.720 that like this the truly the one piece of leverage 1:02:25.760 --> 1:02:31.320 we have over scabs, honestly is this thing where I'm like, 1:02:31.600 --> 1:02:34.400 oh yeah, yeah. 1:02:34.440 --> 1:02:38.080 And it is possible, it's possible that the other papers 1:02:38.280 --> 1:02:41.920 were playing up all of the violence to sell papers. Right, 1:02:42.600 --> 1:02:46.480 For the most part, the striker's goal was the destruction 1:02:46.600 --> 1:02:51.200 of newspapers and the and scabers no scabs no longer, 1:02:51.280 --> 1:02:55.000 choosing to continue in that behavior rather than specifically through violence. 1:02:55.880 --> 1:02:59.600 But I don't know. I believe that there was a 1:02:59.680 --> 1:03:02.520 decent amount of violence, and I don't know to what 1:03:02.600 --> 1:03:06.520 degree it was exaggerated by all the newspapers. It's the 1:03:06.560 --> 1:03:12.640 golden era of newspapers lying, and this strike just fucked 1:03:12.720 --> 1:03:16.040 up the paper's profit margin. The public loved the newsies, 1:03:16.520 --> 1:03:21.960 advertisers dropped, circulation dropped about seventy percent. The strike spread 1:03:21.960 --> 1:03:25.200 to New Jersey quick enough through delegates that were sent 1:03:25.280 --> 1:03:28.600 out to different regions and also just people other people 1:03:28.680 --> 1:03:31.640 acting on their own through like sort of insurrectionary means. 1:03:32.600 --> 1:03:34.520 And it was joined in the end by And I'm 1:03:34.520 --> 1:03:37.920 going to pull up the list Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, 1:03:38.000 --> 1:03:41.280 Staten Island, Long Island City, Mount Vernon, Newark, Troy, Clifton, 1:03:41.360 --> 1:03:45.640 Jersey City, Hoboken, Elizabeth, New Jersey, Trenton, Plainfield, Fall River, Massachusetts, 1:03:45.680 --> 1:03:48.560 New Haven, Norwalk, Norwalk. I don't know un to pronounce 1:03:48.720 --> 1:03:53.919 New England names. Cincinnati, Ohio. Yeah, maybe it just actually 1:03:53.960 --> 1:03:54.560 said New York. 1:03:54.640 --> 1:04:00.160 I don't know, we should deserved to read it. 1:04:01.720 --> 1:04:07.320 Cincinnati, Ohio, Lexington, Kentucky. Also probably Queens. Queens wasn't on 1:04:07.400 --> 1:04:10.760 the list that I found, but another place pointed out 1:04:10.760 --> 1:04:13.960 that all the Burroughs, Yeah I. 1:04:14.000 --> 1:04:16.440 Got to be Queens. I know, I was the biggest Burrow. 1:04:17.000 --> 1:04:18.240 Yeah right, I. 1:04:20.120 --> 1:04:21.520 Think physically it's the biggest. 1:04:21.680 --> 1:04:24.240 Okay, Queen's is where I've spent more time than any 1:04:24.240 --> 1:04:27.560 of the others actually, But so yeah, this strike is 1:04:27.600 --> 1:04:30.440 now referred to, or at the time it becomes referred to, 1:04:30.520 --> 1:04:32.280 as the most successful strike in the history of the 1:04:32.320 --> 1:04:36.600 city and several regional papers have been trying to creep 1:04:36.640 --> 1:04:40.400 up their wholesale prices. Immediately were like, oh never mind, 1:04:40.640 --> 1:04:45.160 I like being fifty cents. That's cool with me. Hurst 1:04:45.240 --> 1:04:47.560 himself was run off by a crowd of newsies at 1:04:47.600 --> 1:04:52.640 one point. Well, which might be why like the Empire 1:04:53.400 --> 1:04:57.520 he struck back, which we'll hear about on Wednesday. 1:04:58.080 --> 1:05:02.240 Wow, yes, you know who came up with that? 1:05:02.400 --> 1:05:08.919 A writer, A writer's old writer wouldn't exist without us? 1:05:08.960 --> 1:05:13.720 Amazing. Wow, Andrew, do you have anything you'd like to plug? 1:05:15.880 --> 1:05:19.160 Just doing this racist? Please give us a listen. 1:05:19.280 --> 1:05:23.760 If you like this vibe with I'll just say one 1:05:23.840 --> 1:05:31.080 point one less research. If it's all vibes that no 1:05:31.200 --> 1:05:34.120 facts you're looking for, Jos, this racist is a place 1:05:34.160 --> 1:05:40.120 to go, Sophie, what do you got? 1:05:41.040 --> 1:05:44.520 We have a new show on cools and Media that 1:05:44.800 --> 1:05:48.280 launched recently. If you're listening in current time, it's called 1:05:48.320 --> 1:05:52.080 Sad Oligarch. It is hosted by j Canrahan and it 1:05:52.160 --> 1:05:57.240 is an investigative series that dives into the mysterious deaths 1:05:57.240 --> 1:06:00.480 of all the Russian billionaire oligarchs that just keep falling 1:06:00.680 --> 1:06:06.840 out windows stairs, stabbing themselves in Eating Poison and it's 1:06:06.840 --> 1:06:10.200 really good and Jake's the best, so please listen, and 1:06:10.240 --> 1:06:11.320 it's on all the things. 1:06:12.120 --> 1:06:17.640 Hell yeah, and if you like children fighting against oligarchy. 1:06:18.400 --> 1:06:21.440 I'm currently kickstarting a tabletop role playing game called PA 1:06:21.520 --> 1:06:24.600 Number City that I'm one of the writers for. And 1:06:24.680 --> 1:06:26.520 one of the character classes you can play is a 1:06:26.640 --> 1:06:29.720 rat king, who is an orphaned child who eats mushrooms 1:06:29.720 --> 1:06:32.000 to communicate with rats and sends them out as swarms 1:06:32.040 --> 1:06:35.320 against his enemies and or her enemies or their enemies. 1:06:35.720 --> 1:06:40.000 And you can find it by googling the Number City. 1:06:41.120 --> 1:06:43.680 Probably you don't even tape Kickstarter. It's not a lot 1:06:43.720 --> 1:06:46.720 of things named Pa Number City, true, but it's one 1:06:46.760 --> 1:06:47.320 of them. 1:06:47.880 --> 1:06:50.160 But you know what, if there's another one, there's definitely 1:06:50.200 --> 1:06:52.760 a rat king that's true. 1:06:54.640 --> 1:06:57.800 Oh and you can hear Jamie Loftus, Cool Zone Media's 1:06:57.800 --> 1:06:59.960 own Jamie Loftis and me and a few other people 1:07:00.360 --> 1:07:04.640 playing Pu Number City on YouTube if you look at 1:07:04.680 --> 1:07:06.040 our Kickstarter there's a link to it in a bunch 1:07:06.080 --> 1:07:08.680 of other places. But we play a game of it, 1:07:08.840 --> 1:07:10.960 and you can hear Jamie Loftus as a rat king 1:07:11.920 --> 1:07:17.280 based in Jamie piled Yeah. See you all, Wednesday. 1:07:18.640 --> 1:07:21.120 Cool People Who Did Cool Stuff is a production of 1:07:21.200 --> 1:07:24.280 cool Zone Media. For more podcasts and cool Zone Media, 1:07:24.440 --> 1:07:27.680 visit our website coolzonemedia dot com or check us out 1:07:27.800 --> 1:07:31.160 on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get 1:07:31.200 --> 1:07:32.000 your podcasts.