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Speaker 1: We've taken quite a hit. Obviously, we're still trying to

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Speaker 1: maintain busy and bring in business. So yeah, we've taken

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Speaker 1: we've taken ahead.

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Speaker 2: From Futuro Media. It's Latino USA. I'm Maria ino Josa.

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Speaker 2: One thing is certain. The COVID nineteen shutdown here in

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Speaker 2: the epicenter of it all in New York City, continues

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Speaker 2: to save lives and it has kept hospitals here from

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Speaker 2: being overwhelmed with new patients. But here in New York

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Speaker 2: City and all across the country, the corners shops and

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Speaker 2: family run businesses and bodegas that are at the center

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Speaker 2: of many communities are facing an existential threat. Many Latino

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Speaker 2: business owners are struggling to pay their rent, to meet

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Speaker 2: their payrolls, and stay afloat, and some are wondering if

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Speaker 2: this might be the end of the road. To alleviate this,

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Speaker 2: by the end of March, Congress had come up with

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Speaker 2: a massive relief bill that set aside three hundred and

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Speaker 2: forty nine billion dollars to help small businesses and to

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Speaker 2: protect the paychecks of their employees. The funds were meant

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Speaker 2: to be distributed in the form of low interest business loans,

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Speaker 2: but in less than two weeks, all of that money

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Speaker 2: was gone and thousands of applications were left up in

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Speaker 2: the air. The rollout of this program was played by

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Speaker 2: accusations of unfairness in a process that shut out many

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Speaker 2: Latino small.

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Speaker 3: Businesses, and these are folks that will fight to make

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Speaker 3: what they want and fight to make their businesses successful.

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Speaker 2: Texas Public Radio entrepreneurship reporter Paul Flab has been covering

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Speaker 2: this story across Texas, which is one of the highest

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Speaker 2: rates of Latino owned businesses in the country. Paul's reporting

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Speaker 2: has highlighted the stories of people in the Latino business

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Speaker 2: community who have been trying to access those relief funds

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Speaker 2: and have mostly come up short in a very crucial

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Speaker 2: moment for their businesses and in full transparency. Futuro Media

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Speaker 2: runs Latino USA and we are a small Latino and

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Speaker 2: woman of color run business that is also a nonprofit.

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Speaker 2: We did apply for a payment protection loan, which is

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Speaker 2: a central part of the conversation Paul and I will

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Speaker 2: have today. And because Fuduro Media has an active board

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Speaker 2: of directors and a full time support staff, we were

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Speaker 2: able to submit our application in the first few hours

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Speaker 2: of the process and we were actually approved. Paul flav

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Speaker 2: thank you so much for joining me on Latino USA.

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Speaker 3: Thank you.

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Speaker 2: Everybody is thinking about the long term impact of COVID

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Speaker 2: nineteen and this crisis on the economy. I mean, probably

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Speaker 2: second only to people's health. It's just the sheer concern

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Speaker 2: learn about how this economic devastation is going to be

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Speaker 2: felt by all of us. So in general, like, this

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Speaker 2: is a big, big topic. What have you found when

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Speaker 2: you're speaking to Latino or Latina business owners, Like, what

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Speaker 2: is the thing that they're talking about that they're facing

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Speaker 2: right now?

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Speaker 3: I think Latino business owners, like a lot of business

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Speaker 3: owners are worried about being able to stay open in Texas.

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Speaker 3: We're going on two months of no revenue coming in

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Speaker 3: for many of them. And they're a segment of the

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Speaker 3: economy that's really the most likely to be in this

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Speaker 3: smallest of small businesses or micro businesses where they have

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Speaker 3: a lot fewer employees and a lot less access to credit.

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Speaker 3: One of the businesses that I talked to, Claudia and

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Speaker 3: Rick Garza, they run a production company called Bright and

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Speaker 3: Early Production. It's a photography and videography company targeting the

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Speaker 3: real estate industry. All Right, so it's a beautiful day,

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Speaker 3: suns in this house. Beautiful list. The videos are they're

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Speaker 3: pretty slick, they make the properties look really good, and

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Speaker 3: they are kind of what you might expect to see

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Speaker 3: as an interstitial cut from the old MTV show Cribs.

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Speaker 3: But they'refore like residential listings. The real estate industry is

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Speaker 3: still open here in Texas. You're still able to buy houses.

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Speaker 3: Housing is considered essential, and they've decided to limit themselves

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Speaker 3: to only houses that are unoccupied, which means they've lost

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Speaker 3: a lot of business as a result.

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Speaker 1: We've taken quite a hit. I would say probably this

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Speaker 1: is our busiest season, the spring. The summer is when

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Speaker 1: we get the busiest. Fifty sixty percent drop.

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Speaker 3: That's Claudia Garza. She's one half of Bright and Early Productions. She,

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Speaker 3: like just a number of the business owners I've talked

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Speaker 3: to over the last month and a half, are very,

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Speaker 3: very worried.

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Speaker 1: It's going to be huge. Obviously, we've had to cut

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Speaker 1: hours all of our people. You know, the majority of

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Speaker 1: them are locals here from San Antonio.

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Speaker 3: When you're at this level of a business, you know

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Speaker 3: their names, you know their family story, you know, and

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Speaker 3: so it's it's a very hard thing for businesses to do,

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Speaker 3: and unfortunately, right now it's unavoidable in a lot of cases.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, no, it's hard because when you work in these small,

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Speaker 2: you know, small run companies, you become like a close

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Speaker 2: knit family and it's really hard to let people go.

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Speaker 2: So what's it like for the other small businesses?

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Speaker 3: So the guars is are are still able to work

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Speaker 3: because they're not working directly with people, But there are

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Speaker 3: thousands of businesses and Texans and millions across the country

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Speaker 3: where it's impossible to not interact with customers. And I

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Speaker 3: saw that firsthand when I interviewed Juan Riosa Taylor in

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Speaker 3: San Antonio, who'd been doing it for basically his entire life.

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Speaker 3: You'd done it in Chicago for ten years, and then

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Speaker 3: finally he decided to make the jump and start his

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Speaker 3: own business in San Antonio.

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Speaker 4: You know, I mean in these business in San Antonio

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Speaker 4: for twenty four years. I moved from Chicago through here,

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Speaker 4: and I have a little bit of a savings we say,

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Speaker 4: I spent all my savings playing the rent the whole year.

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Speaker 3: He works out of this small building. It's about three rooms.

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Speaker 4: And most of them what we do his alterations and

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Speaker 4: we do anything you need on a closs.

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Speaker 3: It's crammed with machines that are for alterations and tacking machines,

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Speaker 3: sewing machines every which way. You know, all of the

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Speaker 3: employees I saw, I only saw him and two others.

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Speaker 3: All of them were over sixty easily, and you could

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Speaker 3: tell that they were, you know, very skilled craftsmen who

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Speaker 3: really took their job seriously and really enjoyed what they did.

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Speaker 3: But there was a sense of pessimism that was weighing

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Speaker 3: on the entire operation. Is he gonna be tough?

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Speaker 4: It was being a small business like me. I mean,

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Speaker 4: it's nothing coming in already, so you gotta pay the bills.

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Speaker 2: Anyway, I'm thinking about the fact that you know, he

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Speaker 2: was based once in the city that I grew up

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Speaker 2: in Chicago, and he makes a strategic decision for all

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Speaker 2: kinds of reasons to relocate to Texas, probably one of

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Speaker 2: which is weather. I mean, this is a person who

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Speaker 2: you can tell is like making strategic decisions as a

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Speaker 2: business person, and in his voice there's a sound a

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Speaker 2: little bit of like defeat.

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Speaker 3: Yeah. This pandemic, these shutdowns, I think it came upon

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Speaker 3: every small business unexpectedly Most of the small businesses I've

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Speaker 3: talked to in the last two months have talked about

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Speaker 3: how amazing their year was supposed to be, and Wan's

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Speaker 3: no different they I mean, he's a small business, he's

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Speaker 3: been around for twenty four years, but this was supposed

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Speaker 3: to be a great year for him, and then all

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Speaker 3: of a sudden, they're not allowed to operate for two months,

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Speaker 3: and so with these mandatory shutdown orders, he can't take

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Speaker 3: new customers. Him and his three employees have slowly been

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Speaker 3: working through the orders that they already have, but he's

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Speaker 3: really starting to worry about what happens when they out

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Speaker 3: of work.

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Speaker 2: So I'm thinking back to the Great Recession, great recession

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Speaker 2: of course of two thousand and eight, and how in

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Speaker 2: particular Latino Latina businesses were hard hit. I'm just wondering, now,

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Speaker 2: is there anything that you've found, Paul, that business owners

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Speaker 2: are telling you that is different about the way this

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Speaker 2: new economic shock is hitting businesses because of the pandemic

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Speaker 2: right right.

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Speaker 3: Well, you know, for a lot of businesses in the

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Speaker 3: Great Recession, it was a question of well, people aren't

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Speaker 3: going out to buy because there have been, you know,

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Speaker 3: this collapse, and they've lost their jobs, but in this situation,

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Speaker 3: it's even worse because they're not even allowed to go

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Speaker 3: into these businesses. So it's really a completely different paradigm

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Speaker 3: for these businesses. And you know Latino business owners in particular,

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Speaker 3: they are people that have bills to pay, like a

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Speaker 3: lot of small businesses, they have small reserves on hand already,

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Speaker 3: and they don't generally have relationships or strong relationships with banks.

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Speaker 3: So that's why we're seeing so many advocates for Latino

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Speaker 3: businesses raising the alarm for this sector of the economy,

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Speaker 3: asking for more to be done.

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Speaker 5: We are going to see a lot of bankruptcies. We're

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Speaker 5: going to see a lot of businesses just shut down.

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Speaker 3: That's Noel Boyle. He's the executive director of the National

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Speaker 3: Association of Latino Community Asset Builders, and he's talking about

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Speaker 3: what he expects in the next few months.

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Speaker 5: I'll just speak to Latino businesses who we work with

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Speaker 5: a great deal, are incredibly resilient, and so I would

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Speaker 5: expect lots of businesses to go under, lots of people

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Speaker 5: to suffer, and then lots of people to fight back.

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Speaker 2: So when we're talking about micro businesses, like I'm going

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Speaker 2: to paint a picture of some of the ones that

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Speaker 2: I'm imagining right here in Harlem in New York City.

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Speaker 2: So like the Doco truck that is usually parked there

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Speaker 2: is the guy who has a shoe repair. He's actually

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Speaker 2: got a storefront, but you know, he's a small business,

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Speaker 2: he's a one person kind of business. So are those

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Speaker 2: the kinds of categories of businesses that we're talking about

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Speaker 2: that may just get swept away and may have a

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Speaker 2: hard time getting any official recognition.

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Speaker 3: Absolutely, you're targeting sole proprietorships, you know, one person operations,

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Speaker 3: and that's definitely falling into this category. And yeah, there

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Speaker 3: have been advocates, there have been reports showing that this

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Speaker 3: is a group that we don't have the numbers yet,

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Speaker 3: but we expect to see evaporating right now before economic

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Speaker 3: aid can actually reach them.

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Speaker 2: We've heard a lot about these aid packages, about stimulus checks.

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Speaker 2: This is of course being met with, you know, massive

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Speaker 2: unemployment numbers. So the federal government is trying to stimulate

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Speaker 2: the economy, what is it exactly trying to do in

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Speaker 2: terms of mitigating the damage, And how is this touching

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Speaker 2: or not Latino and Latina business owners.

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Speaker 3: Like you said, the unemployment numbers are shocking, all right,

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Speaker 3: the breaking news a record shattering six point six million,

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Speaker 3: point two full million.

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Speaker 6: Three million, eight hundred and thirty nine thousand people filed

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Speaker 6: for unemployment benefits for the very first time. That brings

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Speaker 6: the six week total over the past six weeks to

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Speaker 6: about thirty million people out of work.

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Speaker 3: So the federal government rushed to pass a two trillion

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Speaker 3: dollar Coronavirus Aid Relief and Economic Security Actor. The CARES

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Speaker 3: Act was signed on March twenty seven, and part of

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Speaker 3: that was three hundred and forty nine billion dollars for

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Speaker 3: banks to offer to small business as loans through what

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Speaker 3: was called the Paycheck Protection Program. So the idea was

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Speaker 3: that we'll go through banks they have established relationships, and

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Speaker 3: we'll push this money through and they'll be able to

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Speaker 3: go quicker than the federal government, and they'll get this

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Speaker 3: money out and those businesses with this two and a

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Speaker 3: half month's worth of payroll will be able to keep

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Speaker 3: their people on payroll.

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Speaker 2: So the business owners that you've spoken to, are any

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Speaker 2: of them getting access to these lows?

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Speaker 3: Yes, some people are. I mean, that's an incredible amount

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Speaker 3: of money to push out in a short amount of time.

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Speaker 3: But the problem is if you don't have a good

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Speaker 3: relationship with a bank, or you don't actually use banks,

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Speaker 3: which a lot of small businesses don't, and even more

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Speaker 3: Latino businesses don't. So for instance, just a brief statistic

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Speaker 3: about how this compares. According to the Federal Reserve, White

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Speaker 3: business owners, around forty six percent can access bank financing,

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Speaker 3: and that drops pretty significantly amongst Latino business owners to

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Speaker 3: about thirty four percent or a third of those business owners.

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Speaker 4: If he want to make a dollar, you had to

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Speaker 4: work for the dollar.

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Speaker 3: So here's jan Rios we heard from him before, talking

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Speaker 3: about his own reluctance to approach a bank, even after

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Speaker 3: twenty four years in business.

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Speaker 4: If you want to spend three hours waiting for somebody

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Speaker 4: to otege you something in the bank, you're losing money.

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Speaker 3: As he said, he spent the entire first year of

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Speaker 3: his business paying the rent out of his own savings

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Speaker 3: because he just didn't think he could get a loan.

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Speaker 3: So he is indicative of a whole group of business

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Speaker 3: owners that are often self funding, often using credit cards

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Speaker 3: with like interest rates of eighteen percent to fund their businesses,

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Speaker 3: which is just an astronomical rate. And he's not unique

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Speaker 3: bank loans to small businesses under one hundred thousand dollars

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Speaker 3: have dropped across the board by some statistics fifty percent

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Speaker 3: between twenty seven and twenty eighteen. That's according to some

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Speaker 3: federal data, and it shows small minority owned businesses struggle

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Speaker 3: to access that at all.

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Speaker 4: I do not know exactly what it is. We are

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Speaker 4: too small and they afraid we're not going to pay

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Speaker 4: That's what I think. But it's part of discrimination probably.

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Speaker 3: So despite his reservations after twenty four years in business,

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Speaker 3: he is going to try and get one of these

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Speaker 3: PPP loans, one of these paycheck protection loans, and he's

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Speaker 3: looking for about twenty thousand dollars to keep them afloat.

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Speaker 2: Coming up on Latino usay, what Latino business owners can

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Speaker 2: expect from a new round of relief the government stay

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Speaker 2: with us, not by us. Hey, we're back. And in

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Speaker 2: the first part of our conversation with Texas Public Radio

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Speaker 2: reporter Paul flav he was talking about the experiences of

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Speaker 2: Latino micro businesses as they struggle to survive during the

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Speaker 2: current economic crisis. We're going to return to our conversation

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Speaker 2: now and Paul is going to lay out why some

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Speaker 2: Latino business owners were shut out from the government relief

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Speaker 2: funds that were made available through a program called the

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Speaker 2: Paycheck Protection Program or PPP. So, Paul, what I get

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Speaker 2: from what you were saying earlier is that in this

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Speaker 2: first round of relief for small businesses, the federal government

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Speaker 2: used banks to get those funds into the pockets of

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Speaker 2: small business owners. But it turns out that banks are

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Speaker 2: not necessarily the right way to get that money too

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Speaker 2: many Latino business owners. So if that's not the right

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Speaker 2: channel to use, is there a better way to do it.

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Speaker 3: It's not clear that the federal government needed the banks,

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Speaker 3: but it's also not clear they could have done it

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Speaker 3: on their own. So this is an ongoing debate amongst

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Speaker 3: academics of whether not to use banks exclusively. And with

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Speaker 3: that first round that did tend to be almost completely banks.

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Speaker 3: I mean, there were some credit unions and there were

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Speaker 3: some what are called community development financial institutions. That's what

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Speaker 3: advocates would like to see used more. They'd like to

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Speaker 3: see money a lotted specifically for this group of organizations.

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Speaker 3: These CDFI's, as they're called. They were developed in the

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Speaker 3: seventies to address the long standing problems of getting credit

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Speaker 3: and loans into underserved communities, African American, Latinos, other people

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Speaker 3: of color, women owned businesses, and they are to address

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Speaker 3: those shortcomings of the financial sector and get money into

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Speaker 3: the hands of businesses that could be thriving if they

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Speaker 3: were to be given the opportunity. So, for example, the

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Speaker 3: guars is that we met at the beginning of our conversation,

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Speaker 3: they tried to go through Wells Fargo, one of the

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Speaker 3: largest lenders in the country.

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Speaker 1: It sounds like I'm a small fish co two. I

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Speaker 1: don't know the people who have larger accounts or maybe

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Speaker 1: contact within the bank. You know, I don't have a

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Speaker 1: contact that Wells Fargo. I never have.

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Speaker 3: The clock was ticking. A loan started being offered in

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Speaker 3: early April, so after weeks of struggling to get any

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Speaker 3: information from her bank about paycheck Protection Program loans, they

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Speaker 3: finally just had to go someplace else and they ended

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Speaker 3: up going to the local CDFI the Lift Fund to

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Speaker 3: ask for their loan, which is, you know, under one

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Speaker 3: hundred thousand dollars.

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Speaker 1: And they called me back immediately, probably within a day

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Speaker 1: if not less, and then they kind of walked me

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Speaker 1: through the process of what was coming.

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Speaker 3: So the guards were able to put in their application

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Speaker 3: through lyft fund and but only a small fraction were

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Speaker 3: routed through those kinds of institutions. Last I saw, I

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Speaker 3: think in the first round of PPP funding it was

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Speaker 3: something like three percent.

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Speaker 2: So the relief wasn't being distributed through the right channels.

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Speaker 2: It sounds, you know, pretty confusing. On top of that,

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Speaker 2: you know, there wasn't really enough to go around, and

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Speaker 2: it seems like the money then ran out pretty quickly,

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Speaker 2: so it wasn't just a matter of how to get it,

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Speaker 2: but then did it even exist for you to get it?

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Speaker 3: Absolutely? I mean, three hundred and forty nine billion dollars

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Speaker 3: was pushed out in thirteen days.

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Speaker 7: Small business owners still trying to apply for forgivable loans

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Speaker 7: are being turned away because the government's paycheck Protection program

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Speaker 7: is out.

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Speaker 3: Of money, and there was all kinds of problems associated

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Speaker 3: with the launch.

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Speaker 7: The first time around. Some companies in much better financial

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Speaker 7: positions were some of the first to get these loans.

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Speaker 7: One restaurant change Recognize this shakescheck, announcing it will return

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Speaker 7: the entire ten million dollar loan it received.

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Speaker 3: There was all kinds of problems in the process, and

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Speaker 3: so there were hundreds of thousands of people like the

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Speaker 3: Garzas that were left weighting.

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Speaker 2: So what does that mean for business owners in the

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Speaker 2: Latino Latino community. I mean, we've already heard how strapped

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Speaker 2: they are for cash, So what does this look like.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, the first round of funding is not looking like

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Speaker 3: it helped Latino business owners that much. As a result,

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Speaker 3: we're looking at possible widescale layoffs businesses closing. A recent

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Speaker 3: survey put out by the US Hispanic Chamber of Commerce

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Speaker 3: and the League of United Latin American Citizens found about

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Speaker 3: seventy percent of the Latino owned businesses that completed their

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Speaker 3: PPP application did not receive funding. Here's president of the

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Speaker 3: US Hispanic Chamber of Commerce from Miraka Vasas. The data

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Speaker 3: shows that Latinos and Latinas have.

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Speaker 7: Not received their fair share of the program, the protection

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Speaker 7: money the PPP.

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Speaker 3: As a result, those organizations are calling for fifty billion

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Speaker 3: dollars to be set aside just for these kinds of organizations.

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Speaker 2: We know that Congress has tried again. There has been

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Speaker 2: a new round of financing. A lot of questions around,

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Speaker 2: you know, whether or not this is going to reach immigrants,

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Speaker 2: for example, So how did that go in terms of

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Speaker 2: the Latino and Latina small business and micro businesses.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, so it's really not clear. Congress passed another round

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Speaker 3: of funding on April twenty fourth, so a month after

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Speaker 3: the first round. That's a month where many businesses still

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Speaker 3: don't have revenue coming in and they're struggling to survive,

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Speaker 3: and it's really just not clear that the fixes that

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Speaker 3: they say they built in will do much, if anything.

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Speaker 3: In fact, advocates are saying it just didn't go far enough.

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Speaker 5: We were very disappointed because there was real clarity coming

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Speaker 5: out of round one of the paycheck protection program that

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Speaker 5: it had missed sort of main Street America.

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Speaker 3: That was Nouel Poyo. He's the executive director of the

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Speaker 3: National Association of Latino Community Asset Builders. Here's what he

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Speaker 3: pointed out.

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Speaker 5: To me, and this was broadly agreed to that, yes,

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Speaker 5: we need to get to the little guy in round two,

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Speaker 5: but when you get into what happened in the legislation

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Speaker 5: itself and in the implementation, we don't expect there to

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Speaker 5: be really much of a difference between round one and

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Speaker 5: round two in terms of how it was deployed.

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Speaker 3: We're going to see more of the same as what

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Speaker 3: he's saying.

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Speaker 2: Wow, all right, can you tell us how are the

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Speaker 2: Rios and the Garzas doing.

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Speaker 3: Now, Yeah, it's a bit of a mixed picture. But

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Speaker 3: Juan Rios ended up being declined for his loan application,

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Speaker 3: so he's reapplied with a different bank for round two

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Speaker 3: and he's waiting to hear back. But it's not clear

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Speaker 3: what that's going to mean.

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Speaker 8: I'm going to be open anyway because I have the

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Speaker 8: money to pay the rent for a couple of months.

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Speaker 3: And here's how he feels about his future.

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Speaker 8: But after that, my own my landlord, that I said,

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Speaker 8: And then I don't know if I when I have

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Speaker 8: to close, I don't know what to do.

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Speaker 3: In the interim, Like if he doesn't get any of

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Speaker 3: this funding, which he I think doesn't expect to at

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Speaker 3: this point, he can really only stay in business, he says,

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Speaker 3: for another couple of months, and even if he were

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Speaker 3: to let go people, which I think he will have

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Speaker 3: to do. Y.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I'm more about them.

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Speaker 8: They depend on me, I mean, and I won about

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Speaker 8: myself too. What am I going to do? You got

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Speaker 8: to remember, I'm.

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Speaker 3: So Rio's, like you said, He's not a spring chicken,

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Speaker 3: as he put it later, in the interview, and he's

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Speaker 3: not sure what the future is gonna hold for him.

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Speaker 3: For the Garzas, Claudia and her husband Rick, they finally

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Speaker 3: heard back that they had been approved for round two

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Speaker 3: and they're waiting for the funds. So that's two and

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Speaker 3: a half months of payroll. They can pay people for

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Speaker 3: a couple more months.

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Speaker 9: It is a huge relief. We're excited and it's definitely

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Speaker 9: obviously not complete laid off, but it's definitely, you know,

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Speaker 9: let's breathe a little bit at least for the next

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Speaker 9: few months.

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Speaker 3: But after that, if it continues like this where they're

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Speaker 3: forced to work in only unoccupied houses, they're going to

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Speaker 3: have to lay people off.

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Speaker 2: She said, this really is it's just complicated. It begins

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Speaker 2: to feel very, very, very tenuous. I guess, just finally, Paul,

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Speaker 2: it's hard to find anything silver in this very huge cloud.

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Speaker 2: But was there anything that you came away with in

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Speaker 2: terms of a sense of resiliency or thinking about other

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Speaker 2: businesses that maybe you thought something good by come of this.

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Speaker 3: You're talking about a group of entrepreneurs who are used

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Speaker 3: to being on their own. I mean, I think that's

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Speaker 3: the one silver line that you can take is this

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Speaker 3: is not a new situation for them in terms of

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Speaker 3: being pushed into a corner. And these are folks that

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Speaker 3: will fight to make what they want and fight to

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Speaker 3: make their businesses successful and do whatever it takes. I mean,

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Speaker 3: this is a group of people that take more financial risks.

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Speaker 3: The hope is that those risks will pay off in

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Speaker 3: the next few months.

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Speaker 2: Paul Flaff, thank you so much for your barding and

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Speaker 2: for joining me on Latino USA.

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Speaker 3: I really appreciate the time.

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Speaker 2: Paul Flaff is an entrepreneurship reporter with Texas Public Radio.

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Speaker 2: As of May first, Texas has reopened restaurants, shops, and

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Speaker 2: other businesses, including the Taylor Shop owned by Juan Rios,

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Speaker 2: but there are restrictions limiting capacity to only twenty five

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Speaker 2: percent of their listed occupancy. Still, Latino owned small businesses

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Speaker 2: and the state of Texas remain in dire straits financially.

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Speaker 2: This episode was produced by Jens Jamoca and edited by

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Speaker 2: Luis Days. The Latino USA team includes Miel masiees Sofia,

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Speaker 2: Paalisa ka Antoonia Serejido Gini Modo, alisaes Garce, and Alejandra Salasad,

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Speaker 2: with help from Raul bees Are engineers are Stephanie Lebou

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Speaker 2: and Julia Caruso. Additional engineering this week by Lia Shaw

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Speaker 2: and a big thumbs up to you. Our director of

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Speaker 2: programming and Operations is Natalia Fiedelhutz. Our digital editor is

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Speaker 2: Amandel Cantra. Our intern is Julia Rocha. Our theme music

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Speaker 2: was composed by Zenia Rubinos. If you like the music

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Speaker 2: you heard on this episode, stop by Latinousa dot org

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Speaker 2: and check out our weekly Spotify playlist. I'm your host

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Speaker 2: and executive producer Marie Jojosa. Join us again on our

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Speaker 2: next episode, and in the meantime look for us on

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Speaker 2: all of your social media. Stay safe and astella proxima cchao.

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Speaker 10: Latino USA is made possible in part by the Heising

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Speaker 10: Simons Foundation Unlocking knowledge, opportunity and possibilities More at hsfoundation

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Speaker 10: dot org. The wind Code Foundation and funding for Latino

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Speaker 10: USA is Coverage of a culture of health is made

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Speaker 10: possible in part by a grant from the Robert Wood

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Speaker 10: Johnson Foundation.

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Speaker 2: That's a wrap for me. See you guys, back to

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Speaker 2: being a professor. Okay, besit those