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Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera.

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Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you get in touch with technology with

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Speaker 1: tech Stuff from how stuff works dot com. Hello there, everybody,

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Speaker 1: and welcome to tech stuff. My name is Chris Poulette,

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Speaker 1: and I am the tech editor here at how stuff

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Speaker 1: works dot com, sending across from me as usual as

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Speaker 1: senior writer Jonathan Strickland. We're living in a material world.

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Speaker 1: You know, I'm not going there. It's because our our

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Speaker 1: guest producer, Liz called me a prima madonna, just because

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Speaker 1: I said that I can't work like this and I

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Speaker 1: would be in my trailer. By the way, my trailer

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Speaker 1: is underneath my cubicle. That explains the trash. Yeah, it does,

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Speaker 1: lots of trailer trash. You know what, Before we get

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Speaker 1: into a total rat hole here, I think we could

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Speaker 1: talk a little bit about some pumpkins. Pumpkins, Yes, all right,

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Speaker 1: what do you like to when you look at a pumpkin?

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Speaker 1: What do you think? I'm thinking I prefer it that

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Speaker 1: way and not as a pie. Really, I think I

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Speaker 1: would love to see that move at a high velocity

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Speaker 1: and splat into the ground as hard as possible, preferably

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Speaker 1: as far away from its origin possible. In fact, I

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Speaker 1: spend hours thinking of ways to propel a pumpkin through

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Speaker 1: mechanical means, through the air, onto the ground and splat

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Speaker 1: into a thousand pieces. Alright, then, so what is the

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Speaker 1: best way to achieve that? Well, it turns out the

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Speaker 1: best way to achieve it is to watch people who

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Speaker 1: already know what they're doing. And you can do just

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Speaker 1: that because the Science Channel has two television shows, the

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Speaker 1: Road to Punkin Chunkin and punkin Chunking, that are airing

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Speaker 1: on Thanksgiving Day, which would be November at eight p

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Speaker 1: m on the Science Channel. Yes, eight p m is

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Speaker 1: the Road to Punkin Chunkin. Nine pm is punkin Chunkin.

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Speaker 1: You two can watch as pumpkins do what they were

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Speaker 1: born to do, fly through the air and smash into

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Speaker 1: the ground. Ah. Yes, and hopefully noone will make pie

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Speaker 1: out of them afterwards, I would hope, not sowing the

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Speaker 1: seeds of destruction. You might say, yes. Indeed, I wouldn't

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Speaker 1: say that, but you might I would. All right, Well,

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Speaker 1: let's move on. Today's topic actually comes to us courtesy

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Speaker 1: of a little listener mail. This listener mail comes from

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Speaker 1: Brian in Vegas, Viva Las Vegas, Brian, He writes, Hey, guys,

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Speaker 1: love the podcast. Got a question for you, guys, what

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Speaker 1: is the difference between Blu ray and DVD? I own

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Speaker 1: both but can't tell the difference by looking at them.

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Speaker 1: Is that the way they encode the disks? Brian and Vegas. Well, Brian,

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Speaker 1: we're going to talk a bit about DVDs and a

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Speaker 1: little bit about Blu ray and what the differences and uh,

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Speaker 1: and you know why there's two different sets of all

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Speaker 1: the movies that you want to see in your local

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Speaker 1: movie store. And if we're lucky, we can manage to

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Speaker 1: get through the entire thing without quoting an Austin Powers movie,

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Speaker 1: because it all comes down to one simple thing. Freaking lasers.

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Speaker 1: Just get it all the way. Look, I got the

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Speaker 1: hairstyle for Dr Evil, so I'm just gonna go with it. Yeah, lasers,

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Speaker 1: Yeah exactly. So first of all, before we before we

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Speaker 1: really dig into it, let's talk a bit about digitally

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Speaker 1: encoding information onto a disc format. This applies to compact discs, DVDs,

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Speaker 1: blue rays, and even the limited HD DVD, also DVD audio, yeah,

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Speaker 1: other other formats as well, but really, any kind of

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Speaker 1: digital encoding upon a disc um So it's sort of

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Speaker 1: similar in a way to the analog way of encoding

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Speaker 1: sound on a vinyl disc, only in the sense that

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Speaker 1: you have to spend the disk and and a reading

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Speaker 1: mechanism goes across the disc and picks up information. Now

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Speaker 1: in the case, yeah, I wouldn't say that's completely that

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Speaker 1: that's the only way. Well, maybe not, but we're talking

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Speaker 1: the difference between digital and analog. There's a lot of

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Speaker 1: There are a lot of differences. Well actually yeah, I

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Speaker 1: mean the main one being nothing actually touches the disk,

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Speaker 1: and in in the newer polycarbonate discs. But in both

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Speaker 1: cases it is the surface of the disk which is

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Speaker 1: uh has has has a texture. It doesn't look like

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Speaker 1: a DVD has texture, but it does, right, So the

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Speaker 1: DVD has these tiny little bumps. It's there. Usually you

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Speaker 1: hear about DVD pits. The pit is on one side

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Speaker 1: of the DVD, but the side that is actually read

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Speaker 1: by the freaking laser beam that side. It's more of

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Speaker 1: a bump. And these bumps are tiny, and I'm talking

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Speaker 1: tinier than microscopic. We're talking on the nanoscale tiny, which

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Speaker 1: is why they appear flat to us. Yeah, of course

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Speaker 1: you can. You can try to smash them out with

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Speaker 1: a hammer, but I wouldn't recommend it because that will

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Speaker 1: break your dvdsy So, um, we're talking that, like I said,

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Speaker 1: in the nanometers range. Uh, the I'll tell you right. So,

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Speaker 1: so a typical bump on a DVD would be about um,

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Speaker 1: three and twenty nanometers in width, like like wide, which

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Speaker 1: is pretty narrows long, which is also not that long.

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Speaker 1: These are tiny, tiny little bumps, and uh, a red

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Speaker 1: laser reads these bumps. Yeah. The DVD players and and

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Speaker 1: c D audio players use red lasers to read the disks. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: So here's here's what's happening. A laser gets the the

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Speaker 1: DVD player or CD players shoots the laser that gets

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Speaker 1: reflected by these different little bumps and by the smooth

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Speaker 1: spaces between the bumps, and the difference in that is

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Speaker 1: what is interpreted by the machine as bits and bites,

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Speaker 1: and that in turn is what ends up being converted

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Speaker 1: into the video and audio that you experience when you

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Speaker 1: PLoP a DVD or Blu Ray into a DVD or

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Speaker 1: Blue Ray player and you turn your TV. The difference

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Speaker 1: is a matter of size, right, because a Blu ray

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Speaker 1: player can read bumps that are much much smaller than

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Speaker 1: a DVD player. And why is that? It's because of

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Speaker 1: freaking lasers. Yes, the blue ray actually got its name

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Speaker 1: from the fact that it uses a blue laser. Yes,

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Speaker 1: that's the blue ray right right. And uh, it has

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Speaker 1: a shorter wavelength of light wavelength. So that's that's the

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Speaker 1: whole thing. Because it has a shorter wavelength, it can

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Speaker 1: read information in a smaller track. Right. So, um, we're

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Speaker 1: talking about like like when you think of the spectrum

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Speaker 1: of colors, that's what we're talking about, the wavelength. So

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Speaker 1: roy g Biv. Although I think they took out the eye,

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Speaker 1: didn't they. I don't think there's no longer an indigo.

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Speaker 1: I think it goes is blue to violet now because

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Speaker 1: there was a discussion about how indigo and violet are

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Speaker 1: too close to one another to be considered separate. I

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Speaker 1: might did the school that I am familiar with they

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Speaker 1: are still teaching. Yeah, but we're in Georgia. So Roy

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Speaker 1: g Biv. The the color what a what a dirty look?

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Speaker 1: I got the Uh? I went to school in Georgia too.

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Speaker 1: But the colors go from the longer wavelengths to the

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Speaker 1: shorter wavelengths, So a red laser has a longer wavelength

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Speaker 1: um than a blue laser. Uh. So the red lasers

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Speaker 1: wavelength is about six d and fifty nanometers or rnometers

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Speaker 1: if you prefer, I do prefer nenometers. I'm saying nanometers.

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Speaker 1: And then the blue laser has four hundred and five

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Speaker 1: four and five nanometer wavelength. So that means that the

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Speaker 1: blue laser can actually focus on a smaller bump than

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Speaker 1: the red laser. Thus you are able to fit more

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Speaker 1: bumps and uh and the flat tracks between bumps on

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Speaker 1: a blu ray DVD than you would on a regular DVD.

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Speaker 1: What this translates to for you and me mean is

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Speaker 1: the dig capacity of storing a high definition film versus

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Speaker 1: a standard definition film. Right, so high definition audio and video,

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Speaker 1: why should just say high definition video? High definition audio

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Speaker 1: doesn't really mean anything. High definition video takes up a

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Speaker 1: lot of space, so much space that I A. If

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Speaker 1: you want to try and pack more than an hour

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Speaker 1: and a half of of a high definition content greater

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Speaker 1: than seven lines of resolution, you're gonna need something besides

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Speaker 1: a regular DVD, because even with video compression, it just

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Speaker 1: can't do. Oh, I can't do it uncompressed, and um,

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Speaker 1: even with video compression, it can't hold that much information. Really,

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Speaker 1: a single layer DVD only holds four point seven gigabytes.

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Speaker 1: I love that. I love only because I'm that's a

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Speaker 1: lot of information. Yeah. I think back to I think

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Speaker 1: back to the days of CDs coming out and thinking, Wow,

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Speaker 1: on one disc, I can hold that much information? Who

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Speaker 1: would ever need more than? Right? I mean seven hundred megs.

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Speaker 1: I can't imagine filling up more than a hundred at

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Speaker 1: a time. My first hard drive was forty megs. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I think mine might have been run around that same size.

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Speaker 1: And before that didn't have a hard drive at all.

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Speaker 1: It was all on floppy disks. But yeah, I mean

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Speaker 1: a single layer of Blu ray in comparison, holds twenty

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Speaker 1: seven gigabytes, and that's more than two hours of high

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Speaker 1: def video or standard. Yeah. But the thing, the thing is,

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Speaker 1: though DVD is only really equipped to do right well,

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Speaker 1: I mean it can do seven twenty, It can do

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Speaker 1: more than that or to, but it can't hold as

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Speaker 1: much information. So, in other words, it can it can

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Speaker 1: do it, it just has to. It's not gonna it's

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Speaker 1: not gonna have as much. So like you can do

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Speaker 1: the higher resolutions, but you have to. But you because

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Speaker 1: that requires more information or more storage space, you can't

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Speaker 1: store as much of it as you could on a

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Speaker 1: blue ray. So again, DVD four point seven gigs, Blu

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Speaker 1: ray twenty seven gigs. That's single layer on either case.

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Speaker 1: Now you can double layer these discs. Uh. So a

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Speaker 1: double layer Blu ray would hold up to fifty four

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Speaker 1: gigabytes of data. Um. Now, when you're double layering, it's

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Speaker 1: kind of an interesting thing. You've got two different tracks

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Speaker 1: going uh along a disc. And here's another interesting thing,

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Speaker 1: another thing that's different between uh, the digital discs and vinyl.

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Speaker 1: With vinyl, you put the needle on the outer part

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Speaker 1: of the record and it naturally works its way through

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Speaker 1: the groove to the center. All right. With these digital discs,

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Speaker 1: the laser, the freaking laser starts in the center and

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Speaker 1: works it's outward toward the edge. Now, can you think

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Speaker 1: of anything that could cause an issue as a laser

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Speaker 1: moves from the center of a disk toward the outer

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Speaker 1: part of a disk? I mean, other than like a

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Speaker 1: scratch or a dog here, right, I'm just talking about

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Speaker 1: a natural thing that will happen as you're moving from

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Speaker 1: the center of a disk to the outside of a disk. Like,

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Speaker 1: what happens to the speed of the data that's going

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Speaker 1: by as you as your laser moves outward, Because yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's it's gonna get slower. Well, the disk has to

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Speaker 1: move slower. See, the problem is that it's gonna the

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Speaker 1: data itself will actually move faster because you're talking about

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Speaker 1: revolutions per second. Okay, if you keep your revolutions per

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Speaker 1: second constant, then the data is going to stream by

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Speaker 1: much faster toward the edge of the disk than it

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Speaker 1: would towards the center. Say yeah, yeah, okay, that makes sense.

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Speaker 1: And if you guys are having trouble imagining this, uh,

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Speaker 1: just get a piece of paper, put something put like

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Speaker 1: a little coin around, like maybe towards the center of

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Speaker 1: the paper, and maybe another one toward the edge of

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Speaker 1: the paper, and turn it one revolution. Now, in that

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Speaker 1: one revolution, both coins just made one circle, but the

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Speaker 1: one on the outer edge had to go a greater

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Speaker 1: distance in that same amount of time. Therefore, the one

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Speaker 1: on the outer edge is going faster. Okay, then, so

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Speaker 1: in order to compensate for this, DVD players and Blu

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Speaker 1: ray players actually physically slowed down the spinning of the

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Speaker 1: disk as the laser moves towards the outer edge. Okay,

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Speaker 1: so it automatically knows where where the laser is reading

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Speaker 1: and adjusts the speed of the disc spinning. Right, because

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Speaker 1: the arm that holds the freaking laser is always going

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Speaker 1: to be in a specific location and that dictates how

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Speaker 1: fast the disk needs to spin. Now, um with a

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Speaker 1: double layer The reason why I brought this up is

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Speaker 1: because with a double layer disk, it is possible to

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Speaker 1: have one layer of information go from the inner edge

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Speaker 1: to the outer edge of the disk, right, or from

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Speaker 1: the center to the outer edge, I guess I should say,

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Speaker 1: And then the second layer could start at the outer

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Speaker 1: edge and work its way back into the center. And

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Speaker 1: in that case, you would need to speed up the

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Speaker 1: disk as it started getting closer and closer to the center,

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Speaker 1: otherwise it would not be turning fast enough for it

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Speaker 1: to read the information properly. Right. In other words, DVD

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Speaker 1: players and Blu ray players make my head hurt because

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Speaker 1: they require physics and I was an English major. And

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Speaker 1: Blu ray transfers information faster too. I mean, it has

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Speaker 1: a thirty six megabit per second data transfer rate as

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Speaker 1: opposed to just ten make a bit per second for

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Speaker 1: our DVD, right, which is also important to note. Right.

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Speaker 1: So let's see what we got here. We've we've discussed

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Speaker 1: the fact that since you are able to create smaller

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Speaker 1: bumps in a Blu ray disk, you therefore can fit

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Speaker 1: more bumps onto a disc than you could with a DVD.

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Speaker 1: That's why you can store more information on it. That's

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Speaker 1: why you can store high definition information on it, as

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Speaker 1: opposed to a DVD, where you just can't. It's just

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Speaker 1: not doesn't have the capacity. Here's another thing that the

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Speaker 1: manufacturing process for the two different discs, it's different. Oh yes,

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Speaker 1: Because the DVD is a sandwich. It has two pieces

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Speaker 1: of polycarbonate plastic about zero point uh six millimeters six

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Speaker 1: tenths of a millimeter um in thickness, and the material

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Speaker 1: that has the information on it is sandwiched in between them,

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Speaker 1: and the two halves are glued together. Um. Whereas the

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Speaker 1: information on a Blu ray disc is actually on top

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Speaker 1: um of a one point one millimeter thickness disc, which

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Speaker 1: is really amazingly thin, I would think, um, But it

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Speaker 1: does have a a plastic coating on top of it,

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Speaker 1: a hard coating on top of it to keep it

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Speaker 1: from I'm assuming its plastic. It has a hard coating

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Speaker 1: on top of it to keep it from getting scratched.

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Speaker 1: But it does also prevent distortion uh that you know,

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Speaker 1: the plastic would cause as the laser would travel through it,

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Speaker 1: which is called by refringence. It's it's kind of it's similar, Marty,

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Speaker 1: but you know, bifrage. It's similar to you know, if

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Speaker 1: you've ever if you've ever like looked at something through

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Speaker 1: a really thick pane of glass or or underwater, you know,

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Speaker 1: where you you look up through the water and you

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Speaker 1: see something beyond the surface, and then when you do

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Speaker 1: surface through the water, you realize that it's not exactly

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Speaker 1: where I thought it was. It's similar to that. It's

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Speaker 1: not the exact same thing, but you can think of

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Speaker 1: it as uh analogous to it. But yeah, that can

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Speaker 1: cause the uh, the red laser to have difficulty getting

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Speaker 1: the information and it may even actually cause it to

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Speaker 1: uh to skip right. Yeah, that and that's a that's

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Speaker 1: what we call a bad thing. Yes, it means that

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Speaker 1: you're not going to get the experience you want out

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Speaker 1: of it. Also, a DVD has to be has to

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Speaker 1: be flat for that reason. Has to be red flat,

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Speaker 1: and Blu Ray disks do not necessarily have to be flat.

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Speaker 1: I would assume though, that it would be preferable if

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Speaker 1: they were flat. And uh there, because one of them

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Speaker 1: is like one point one millim you're stick in the

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Speaker 1: other as one point two millimeters stick. A Blu ray

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Speaker 1: and a regular DVD look pretty much the same to us.

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Speaker 1: I mean, like you said, is it in the encoding. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: but it's also in the decoding, which would be the

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Speaker 1: freaking lasers. Um, I'm gonna get so much mail about

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Speaker 1: people who were tired of hearing freaking lasers. I expect

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Speaker 1: you to. Liz probably will as well. She's kind of

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Speaker 1: chuckling right now, but it's not gonna be as funny

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Speaker 1: when you're editing, is it? Is it? Liz? Ha um?

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Speaker 1: And of course you could always soundscape this to make

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Speaker 1: me sound like and even she wanted. Now. The other

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Speaker 1: interesting thing, we have articles, by the way, on both

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Speaker 1: DVDs and Blue rays on how stuff works dot com,

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Speaker 1: both of which I found incredibly informative while cramming for

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Speaker 1: this podcast. Yes, and they have some great illustrations as well.

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Speaker 1: So if you're having if you're having problems, imagining what

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Speaker 1: it is we're talking about. I do highly recommend you

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Speaker 1: guys check out these articles because it will give you

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Speaker 1: a visual sense of the things that we're explaining. But

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Speaker 1: one of the things I thought was interesting that they

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Speaker 1: pointed out um in these articles is that the manufacturing

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Speaker 1: process for the Blu ray disc, even though it's different

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Speaker 1: from the way DVDs are created, it is not more

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Speaker 1: expensive than the way DVDs are created. So then why

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Speaker 1: would you say Blu ray discs cost so much more

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Speaker 1: in the stores. I think there are a couple of

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Speaker 1: different reasons. One is that it's a premium product, so

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Speaker 1: you are buying a high definition products so that you

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Speaker 1: can the experience that you will get watching a Blu

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Speaker 1: ray disc using a Blu ray player on a high

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Speaker 1: definition television. All of that is important. If you don't

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Speaker 1: have a high definition definition television, this isn't gonna do

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Speaker 1: any good. So but the experience of watching one of

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Speaker 1: those on an HDTV with right cable connectors, using the

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Speaker 1: right equipment, it's gonna be It's gonna be noticeable. It

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Speaker 1: may not be as huge a leap as DVD was

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Speaker 1: from VHS, but it's still going to be noticeable. The

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Speaker 1: other reason is that because the Blu Ray has a

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Speaker 1: greater capacity, you could actually pack more specials and UH

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Speaker 1: and extras on a Blu Ray disc then you could

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Speaker 1: on a DVD. And a lot of companies do that.

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Speaker 1: And thirdly, a lot of companies that are making Blu

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Speaker 1: Ray players have made them Internet capable and you can

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Speaker 1: actually access extra content through the Internet on your Blu

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Speaker 1: Ray player and UH, a lot of companies are are

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Speaker 1: making this available where you get, you buy the Blue Ray,

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Speaker 1: you put it in your player, you started up, and

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Speaker 1: then you can access extra content online and things like

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Speaker 1: you know, new subtitles. Let's say that you um wanted

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Speaker 1: to get a film but there was no you know,

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Speaker 1: you wanted to You had a friend who was coming

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Speaker 1: and their English wasn't so good, but they spoke fluent

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Speaker 1: Portuguese and you don't have Portuguese normally on the disc.

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Speaker 1: But if you pop it in you find out, hey,

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Speaker 1: there's an option here where I can get Portuguese subtitles.

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Speaker 1: Or it may be extra commentary. It could be anything

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Speaker 1: from even extra content like deleted scene. Really pretty much

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Speaker 1: anything that they can think of that the movie studios

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Speaker 1: can think of could be part of this extra content

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Speaker 1: that you can access with your DVD player, your Blu

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Speaker 1: ray player, I should say, not DVD player. UM. Now

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Speaker 1: you're limited mostly by a couple of things. One, you

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Speaker 1: have to have a high speed Internet uh access point. Um.

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Speaker 1: If you don't have that, then you're not going to

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Speaker 1: be able to access all this content. Even if you

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Speaker 1: could access it, it would take you so long to

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Speaker 1: download any of it because it's it's high bandwidth stuff.

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Speaker 1: If it's pointless, right, So you have to have a

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Speaker 1: high speed Internet connection. And um, you also what was

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Speaker 1: that I had to I had to and now I

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Speaker 1: only have the one. Ah, it's gone. It's gone high

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Speaker 1: speed Internet access. If it comes back, I'll shout okay.

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Speaker 1: So one of the things I was hoping it would

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Speaker 1: come back immediately, but no, it's not coming back immediately.

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Speaker 1: You touched on something there though that I think uh

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Speaker 1: might answer the listener meal question. And then I wanted

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Speaker 1: to come back to because we were talking about why

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Speaker 1: might you not be able to see the difference in

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Speaker 1: a DVD and a Blu Ray or h D DVD

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Speaker 1: for that matter of disc And I think it comes

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Speaker 1: down to something we've talked about before. And that's the

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Speaker 1: screen size and resolution of your TV. Yeah, it turns

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Speaker 1: out that, uh, let's say that you if you have

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Speaker 1: a larger television, you will notice these these differences a lot.

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Speaker 1: They'll they'll they'll jump out out at you more. Um.

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Speaker 1: If you have a smaller TV, the difference in resolution,

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Speaker 1: UM isn't going to be quite as noticeable. But on

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Speaker 1: that plasma you'll be able to pick it out. Yeah, obviously, yes, yes,

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Speaker 1: but if you're talking about like a say, thirty inch television,

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Speaker 1: and uh, you know, a thirty inch television, standard definition

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Speaker 1: may look pretty good. High definition is gonna look fine.

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Speaker 1: But you know, anything beyond seven lines of resolution you

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Speaker 1: probably don't need. I mean, you probably wouldn't really know

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Speaker 1: the difference between seven twenty which or your your two

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Speaker 1: main kinds of high definition TV in the United States,

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Speaker 1: the seven twenty lines of resolution or the ten eight

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Speaker 1: lines of resolution. Um. Now, if you have and even

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Speaker 1: if you have a bigger TV, some would argue that

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Speaker 1: the difference is really not that noticeable. So when I

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Speaker 1: say bigger TV, I'm talking like in the fifty to

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Speaker 1: sixty inch range, which is that's pretty big. I mean,

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Speaker 1: there are larger televisions out there, and of course you

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Speaker 1: could get say a projector, which would you know, a

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Speaker 1: digital projector is going to make an even larger picture.

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Speaker 1: And in that case, yeah, you may need some sort

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Speaker 1: of equipment that will provide a ten a D resolution

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Speaker 1: or else it's just gonna look kind of blocky, and

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Speaker 1: you know that it's not gonna it will look muddy

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Speaker 1: and not as not as crisp. Right. That I think

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Speaker 1: is probably the the crux of the situation right there.

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Speaker 1: And also there are a lot of DVD players out

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Speaker 1: there now that up convert uh signals now an up

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Speaker 1: converting d v D. What that does is it tries

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Speaker 1: to add in some of the information that is lost

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Speaker 1: during the video compression process. Because again, to get a

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Speaker 1: movie onto a DVD DVD, I don't know where that

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Speaker 1: came from onto a DVD, I tell you it's because

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Speaker 1: this studio so hot today, so warm in here today. Um.

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Speaker 1: But in order to get the information on there, they

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Speaker 1: use a compression format and uh, and you tend to

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Speaker 1: lose information when you compress it, and so an up

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Speaker 1: converter tries to add in information to create a more

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Speaker 1: high definition experience, even if the source material itself is

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Speaker 1: not high definition. So if you have an up converting

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Speaker 1: DVD and a Blu Ray player, and you have a

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Speaker 1: copy of the movie on DVD and a copy of

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Speaker 1: the movie on Blu Ray, the differences maybe subtle. They

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Speaker 1: you should probably still notice them. I mean, it's it's

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Speaker 1: not like, uh, it's not like it's you know, it

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Speaker 1: would take a an expert to see the difference. But

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Speaker 1: it may be that they're not. You know, maybe the

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Speaker 1: colors are just a little richer on the Blue ray,

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Speaker 1: or that the the edges are look a little more natural,

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Speaker 1: not quite as sharp. I mean, it depends. It's a

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Speaker 1: very subjective experience. Yeah, I would imagine so. Uh yeah, gosh,

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Speaker 1: it never came back to me. I don't know what

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Speaker 1: it was that was in my brain that just decided

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Speaker 1: to escape. At least it got while the getting is good. Yeah. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: there's so much stuff in there that's still stuck screaming

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Speaker 1: to get out. Thoughts. Did you have anything else to

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Speaker 1: add on this discussion of blue ray versus DVD? Not really? Okay,

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Speaker 1: Well hopefully that answered your question. Um, And you know,

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Speaker 1: we could have even gone into the whole HD DVD thing.

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Speaker 1: The the failure of the of that format, which you know,

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Speaker 1: what's what's sad is I actually backed that format. I didn't.

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Speaker 1: I didn't purchase an HD DVD player. I didn't go

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Speaker 1: that far, but I expected that one to win out

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Speaker 1: early on in the race between the two formats. Was

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Speaker 1: one of our very first podcasts. Yeah, HD DVD versus

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Speaker 1: Blue Ray. Yeah, you know, and and blue ray technically

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Speaker 1: can store more information than HD DVD could. But because

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Speaker 1: HD DVD hit the market first, I thought that that

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Speaker 1: was gonna be the I thought that was that was

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Speaker 1: the death knell there that and it's less expensive, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and it was. It was significantly less expensive than Blue Race.

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Speaker 1: Of course, now Blu ray players are in a much

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Speaker 1: more excuse me, a much more affordable range, especially the

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00:24:31,520 --> 00:24:36,439
Speaker 1: PS three Slim ount. So you don't rest around with Slim, No,

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00:24:36,640 --> 00:24:40,720
Speaker 1: you don't at any rate. I was having a gym

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00:24:40,760 --> 00:24:43,959
Speaker 1: crochy momentum at any rate. So that wraps up our

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00:24:43,960 --> 00:24:46,560
Speaker 1: discussion on Blue Ray versus DVD. I guess that brings

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Speaker 1: us to our second round of listener mail. This listener

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00:24:52,520 --> 00:24:54,720
Speaker 1: mail comes from Christopher and he says, hey, guys, love

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00:24:54,760 --> 00:24:57,360
Speaker 1: the podcast. The AI episode was great. I just wanted

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00:24:57,400 --> 00:24:59,680
Speaker 1: to add a little bit into the part about the captions.

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00:25:00,040 --> 00:25:02,000
Speaker 1: As you mentioned, they are used for preventing people from

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00:25:02,000 --> 00:25:05,160
Speaker 1: making mass accounts all across the net. There's a company

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00:25:05,200 --> 00:25:08,240
Speaker 1: that is making these called Recapture. What they do is

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00:25:08,280 --> 00:25:10,600
Speaker 1: take a word that is known and bends it into

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00:25:10,640 --> 00:25:14,199
Speaker 1: a typical capture and takes another unknown word that has

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00:25:14,240 --> 00:25:16,560
Speaker 1: been scanned from a book or some other means of

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00:25:16,560 --> 00:25:20,399
Speaker 1: creating digital copies of hard copy works and assumes that

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00:25:20,440 --> 00:25:22,960
Speaker 1: you will get the unknown word correct if you get

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00:25:23,000 --> 00:25:26,880
Speaker 1: the known word correct. It then takes the newly discovered

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00:25:26,920 --> 00:25:29,840
Speaker 1: word and places that in the scanned book instead of

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00:25:29,880 --> 00:25:33,120
Speaker 1: the unreadable by O c R mess. Also, that leads

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00:25:33,119 --> 00:25:35,000
Speaker 1: into O c R which could be a pretty good topic.

449
00:25:35,040 --> 00:25:37,199
Speaker 1: I think. Thanks for a great podcast. Keep it up.

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00:25:37,680 --> 00:25:39,760
Speaker 1: Um yeah, I kind of wrote a little bit about

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00:25:39,760 --> 00:25:42,720
Speaker 1: this when I wrote how captures work. The The idea

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00:25:42,760 --> 00:25:46,199
Speaker 1: is really interesting. Google does this a lot where it

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00:25:46,280 --> 00:25:51,760
Speaker 1: actually crowd sources, uh your search when you're trying to

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00:25:51,760 --> 00:25:54,640
Speaker 1: search information within a hard copy. Um, so you've got

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00:25:54,640 --> 00:25:58,840
Speaker 1: the scanned document, you're let's say that your search algorithm

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00:25:58,920 --> 00:26:02,320
Speaker 1: cannot recognize the text within that scanned document because it's

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00:26:02,359 --> 00:26:05,440
Speaker 1: just a picture, right. What you do is you pull.

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00:26:06,040 --> 00:26:08,280
Speaker 1: It identifies that you know a section as being this

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00:26:08,320 --> 00:26:10,800
Speaker 1: has got to be a word. Pulls that puts that

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00:26:10,880 --> 00:26:13,960
Speaker 1: picture as part of the capture. When you identify both

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00:26:14,040 --> 00:26:17,120
Speaker 1: the the known capture and the unknown one, it then

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00:26:17,200 --> 00:26:20,160
Speaker 1: stores the information for the unknown one in a database.

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Speaker 1: As more and more people are confronted with that word,

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Speaker 1: it looks for the greatest number of people agreeing on

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Speaker 1: what that word is. Okay, let's say the word is

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Speaker 1: is trumpet, all right, and the people who are answering

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00:26:36,160 --> 00:26:38,760
Speaker 1: this capture say it's trumpet and the other five percent

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00:26:38,800 --> 00:26:41,880
Speaker 1: say it's something else. The program then says, all right, well,

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Speaker 1: then chances are this word actually is trumpet. And that's

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00:26:44,880 --> 00:26:49,640
Speaker 1: how it tags that that picture with the word trumpet

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00:26:49,680 --> 00:26:53,840
Speaker 1: and makes it searchable within a scanned document. So yeah,

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00:26:53,880 --> 00:26:57,040
Speaker 1: yet another way of making artificial intelligence a little more

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00:26:57,160 --> 00:27:00,720
Speaker 1: of a reality. That's yep. If any of you have

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00:27:00,800 --> 00:27:04,399
Speaker 1: any other cool things to tell us, or questions or

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00:27:04,480 --> 00:27:07,159
Speaker 1: comments or criticisms that sort of thing, you can write us.

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00:27:07,160 --> 00:27:10,080
Speaker 1: Our email address is tex Stuff at how stuff works

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00:27:10,119 --> 00:27:13,240
Speaker 1: dot com. Remember every Tuesday, one pm E Stern we

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00:27:13,320 --> 00:27:18,720
Speaker 1: do tech stuff Live with great special effects. Sometimes it

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00:27:18,760 --> 00:27:23,960
Speaker 1: actually records the episode we're doing, not today, but usually,

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00:27:24,240 --> 00:27:27,000
Speaker 1: so check that out. If you do miss it live,

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00:27:27,320 --> 00:27:28,640
Speaker 1: most of the time you're gonna be able to get

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00:27:28,640 --> 00:27:32,240
Speaker 1: a chance to see the recorded version. Yep. And Chris

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00:27:32,280 --> 00:27:37,600
Speaker 1: and I will talk to you again really soon for

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00:27:37,680 --> 00:27:40,199
Speaker 1: moral this and thousands of other topics. Does it how

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00:27:40,240 --> 00:27:42,680
Speaker 1: stuff works dot com and be sure to check out

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00:27:42,680 --> 00:27:44,840
Speaker 1: the new tech stuff blog now on the House Stuff

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00:27:44,840 --> 00:27:52,320
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