Speaker 1: Part one why it's the way it is.
Speaker 2: Today, we're going to talk about fish, and we're going
Speaker 2: to talk about two different ways in which fish can
Speaker 2: use their habitats, like the ways they can use the
Speaker 2: places they live and how to utilize their landscape or
Speaker 2: let's say, their waterscape in order to have their babies.
Speaker 2: So what we're going to talk about are these these
Speaker 2: terms that seem complicated and hard to say and hard
Speaker 2: to spell. The two terms of this. The first one
Speaker 2: is anadromous. Okay, I'm going to spell it for you,
Speaker 2: so you know A N A d r O m
Speaker 2: o u S. An adremist. An anadremus has a has
Speaker 2: an opposite. The opposite of anagamus is catadroumous catasromus, So
Speaker 2: that one is C A T A d r O
Speaker 2: m o u S. We're going to start by talking
Speaker 2: about the first one, the one that starts with an A,
Speaker 2: which is anadromous. An anagamous fish is a fish that
Speaker 2: lives its life out in the ocean and then goes
Speaker 2: up a river in order to reproduce. I think the
Speaker 2: most classic example of an anadromous fish is a salmon. Okay,
Speaker 2: in our country, in the United States of America, we
Speaker 2: have six kinds of salmon. There are five salmon in
Speaker 2: the Pacific Ocean, and there's just one kind of salmon,
Speaker 2: the Atlantic salmon, that lives in the Atlantic Ocean. If
Speaker 2: you're curious about the five in the Pacific, I'll tell
Speaker 2: you what they are. They all have two names, two
Speaker 2: common names. You have king salmon, which are called chinook.
Speaker 2: You have silver salmon, which people also call coho. You
Speaker 2: have pink salmon, which people call humpies. You have sake salmon,
Speaker 2: which people will call reds, and you have chum salmon,
Speaker 2: which people will call dog salmon. So those are the
Speaker 2: five salmon in the Pacific Ocean that go up the
Speaker 2: rivers in our country. And there's that one salmon, the
Speaker 2: Atlantic salmon the Atlantic Ocean. All these fish are a
Speaker 2: nagamus fish. And here's what that means. They are born
Speaker 2: in rivers. Okay, they're born in freshwater. So as an egg,
Speaker 2: they're a fertilized egg. And these fertilized eggs will lay
Speaker 2: down in the gravel on the bottom of a river,
Speaker 2: and eventually that fertilized egg will hatch into a little
Speaker 2: baby fish that you know it surprisingly within a few
Speaker 2: days of hatching, you'd kind of recognize it as a
Speaker 2: little fish. Different species of salmon, so different kinds of
Speaker 2: salmon will spend different amounts of time in the rivers
Speaker 2: where they hatched or were born. Pink salmon and chum
Speaker 2: salmon will go out right away pretty quickly. They go
Speaker 2: back out to the ocean where they're going to live
Speaker 2: their lives. A saki salmon, which is a Pacific salmon,
Speaker 2: a sackey salmon, will find its way to a lake,
Speaker 2: so they're dependent on lake systems being along the rivers
Speaker 2: where they reproduce, and they'll spend one to two years
Speaker 2: in a lake freshwater lake before going out to the ocean.
Speaker 2: A chinook or king salmon might spend about five months
Speaker 2: in a freshwater river before going out to live its
Speaker 2: life in the ocean, and a coho salmon will stand
Speaker 2: its freshwater river for over a year. Overund the Atlantic Ocean,
Speaker 2: the Atlantic salmon will day up and it's freshwater river
Speaker 2: for two or three years. All of these different salmon,
Speaker 2: all these different anadromous fish will then grow up out
Speaker 2: in the ocean. They grow big out in the ocean.
Speaker 2: Chinook salmon might get up to fifty pounds, sixty pounds,
Speaker 2: seventy pounds. Coho salmon can grow up to twenty pounds
Speaker 2: out in the ocean. Sake salmon, you know, they might
Speaker 2: be eight to twelve pounds out in the ocean. Pinks
Speaker 2: are a little bit smaller, but they'll go out in
Speaker 2: the ocean until there's several pounds. Eventually the fish out
Speaker 2: in the ocean will reach maturity. Okay, it'll get about
Speaker 2: as big as it's going to get. And then it's
Speaker 2: time for that fish to complete the life cycle. And
Speaker 2: it's time for that fish to go up the river.
Speaker 2: And they usually go up the same river to the
Speaker 2: same place where they were born, and they travel from
Speaker 2: the ocean back into the fresh water, and they go
Speaker 2: up the river and they lay their eggs. The females
Speaker 2: lay the eggs, and the males fertilize the eggs. So
Speaker 2: they have grown big and live their lives out in
Speaker 2: the ocean, and then they go up to complete their
Speaker 2: life cycle and reproduce. In the case of these Pacific salmon,
Speaker 2: when they go up to reproduce, these anagamous fish, when
Speaker 2: they go up the river, it's the final journey they
Speaker 2: will make. They die up that river, and Atlantic salmon
Speaker 2: is able to go up the river and reproduce and
Speaker 2: it will survive. It can live and go back out
Speaker 2: into the ocean. And those are all anagamous fish. And
Speaker 2: that's just some of the anagamous fish. Other anagamous fish
Speaker 2: that you might have heard of. Striped bass will live
Speaker 2: their lives out in the ocean, but they'll go up
Speaker 2: into rivers and estuaries in order to reproduce. The American
Speaker 2: shad is an anagamous fish. Lives its life out in
Speaker 2: the ocean, and it'll go up into a river to reproduce,
Speaker 2: and that's where it's born before moving back out into
Speaker 2: the ocean. There's a thing called a sea run cutthroat trout,
Speaker 2: So this is a cutthroat trout that lives its life
Speaker 2: out in the ocean and goes upper river to spawn.
Speaker 2: There are some anagamous fish that are kind of surprising
Speaker 2: or maybe things you haven't heard of. There is a fish,
Speaker 2: it's an eel like fish called a lamprey, and it's
Speaker 2: what's called a jawless fish. They have little suckers on
Speaker 2: their mouth. Lampreys will live their lives out in the
Speaker 2: ocean when they're out in the ocean. How they survive
Speaker 2: is they latch onto other fish and suck the juices
Speaker 2: and bloods out of other fish, and that's what they
Speaker 2: feed on. But when it's time for them to lay
Speaker 2: their eggs, they're an agamus.
Speaker 3: Right.
Speaker 2: When it's time for them to lay their eggs, they
Speaker 2: go up the rivers and reproduce. But now let's talk
Speaker 2: about that opposite. If you remember, anadamous has an opposite.
Speaker 2: The opposite of anadremus is catadromous fish is a fish
Speaker 2: that lives its life up in the rivers Okay, lives
Speaker 2: its life in fresh water and goes out to the
Speaker 2: ocean to reproduce. We only have on our continent, on
Speaker 2: our continent of North America, we only have one catadromous fish.
Speaker 2: The catatumous fish we have is called the American eel,
Speaker 2: and American eels live in the Atlantic Ocean, so they
Speaker 2: live on the eastern side of our country. On the
Speaker 2: eastern coast of our country. Eels will live in the
Speaker 2: rivers all the way up into what's called the maritime
Speaker 2: provinces of Canada. So if you go to Maine and
Speaker 2: go north to Maine, those parts of Canada and north
Speaker 2: of Maine, they'll be called the maritime provinces. Those areas
Speaker 2: have American eels. And then American eels live all down
Speaker 2: the Eastern coast. So you go from Maine down into
Speaker 2: New York, and you keep going down to Virginia, North Carolina, Florida. Okay,
Speaker 2: all that is American eel territory. The Caribbean Islands, so Cuba,
Speaker 2: Puerto Rico, and on and on, they all have American eels.
Speaker 2: There's that little part of South America, what would be
Speaker 2: the north east portion of South America that forms kind
Speaker 2: of the bottom of the Caribbean Ocean or the southwest
Speaker 2: part of the Caribbean Ocean. They have American eels there.
Speaker 2: So it's a huge area that these eels all exist in,
Speaker 2: but we call them American eels. They are again a
Speaker 2: catagumous fish. So these eels are born out in the
Speaker 2: Atlantic Ocean. There's an area called the Sargasso Sea, and
Speaker 2: it seems like all the eels from all those places
Speaker 2: I described, it seems that they all go to the
Speaker 2: Sargasso Sea to reproduce and when their babies hatch, their
Speaker 2: babies just little larva and these larva are just first
Speaker 2: by the ocean's currents. They're not at first, they're not
Speaker 2: able to move themselves. They can't swim. They're just dispersed
Speaker 2: all over the place by ocean currents, by just waves
Speaker 2: and wind and currents pushing them around. And they get
Speaker 2: dispersed and they start to grow a little bit bigger,
Speaker 2: and they'll turn into a thing called an elver or
Speaker 2: a thing called a glass eel. And these eels will
Speaker 2: start picking their way up rivers, so the same way
Speaker 2: that salmon babies will start making their way down rivers,
Speaker 2: because they're going to go live their lives in the ocean.
Speaker 2: They're going to mature and become adults in the ocean.
Speaker 2: These eels start making their way up rivers where they
Speaker 2: travel up, up, up. They can stay in the big
Speaker 2: parts of the rivers, they can stand in estuaries near
Speaker 2: the ocean. They can go way up rivers and enter
Speaker 2: little creeks and ditches and marshes. They can go anywhere,
Speaker 2: and they'll live their whole lives up in the fresh
Speaker 2: water up in these rivers, creeks and marshes. And then
Speaker 2: later when they reach sexual maturity, they will do their
Speaker 2: migration and their migration is down river. So in a
Speaker 2: lot of parts of their range, a lot of places
Speaker 2: where they live, they will wait till late summer and
Speaker 2: they will migrate down river. They will travel across the
Speaker 2: ocean to the place where they all meet up to reproduce,
Speaker 2: and those eels will reproduce and they will die and
Speaker 2: their babies will repeat that journey. So again, the American
Speaker 2: eel as a catasumous fish. And there are lots of
Speaker 2: anagamous fish, but the most obvious examples that all of
Speaker 2: us have heard about are salmon. Salmon are anagamous. The
Speaker 2: American eel is catatromous.
Speaker 4: Part two, Guess that critter.
Speaker 5: It's time for Guess that critter. Where we play animal sounds,
Speaker 5: and you've got to guess what animal is making those sounds.
Speaker 5: You'll learn some neat facts about these animals and develop
Speaker 5: your ear to better identify their sounds in the wild
Speaker 5: or in this case, maybe in your attic too. And
Speaker 5: don't worry, we'll throw in some clues along the way. Now,
Speaker 5: listen closely, because these predatory birds are highly active during twilight,
Speaker 5: meaning they're crepuscular. They're more likely to be seen and
Speaker 5: heard making their signature call at dusk and dawn. Both
Speaker 5: males and females make this call, although the male's call
Speaker 5: is slightly lower in pitch. The call has different meanings
Speaker 5: from marking territory to announcing the presence of a predator.
Speaker 5: If you're out in thick woods or swampy areas, you
Speaker 5: might observe them in mature trees using hollow cavities at
Speaker 5: least sixteen feet off the ground, usually cavities that were
Speaker 5: abandoned by other creatures such as squirrels or raccoons. Or
Speaker 5: you might spot them swooping up prey anything from rodents
Speaker 5: like mice to rabbits and opossums, as well as other birds, frogs, lizards, snakes, fish, crabs,
Speaker 5: and even some insects. These birds are monogamous, meaning a
Speaker 5: pair mates for life, but they don't necessarily stay together
Speaker 5: when not raising young. This is the sound of a
Speaker 5: male and female together in courtship, which you're likely to
Speaker 5: hear during the breeding season that runs from December through March.
Speaker 5: Now here's some rocous duetting. A Meat Eater podcast listener
Speaker 5: sent us this audio from Connecticut. It's likely two separate
Speaker 5: pairs facing off at the boundary of their territories. These
Speaker 5: critters are very territory, especially when they're taking care of
Speaker 5: their babies. Here are some babies calling to their parents.
Speaker 5: Sh Okay, it's time for the reveal. It's a barred owl,
Speaker 5: otherwise known as a hoot owl. The barred owl's signature
Speaker 5: hood of eight or nine notes sounds like who cooks
Speaker 5: for you? Who cooks for you all. Historically, their range
Speaker 5: spanned across forested country in eastern North America, but the
Speaker 5: owls have been steadily expanding their range westward. One interesting
Speaker 5: thing about bard owls is that they don't seem to
Speaker 5: mind humans, and at times even appear to demonstrate an
Speaker 5: interest in humans and human structures. Their tolerance for people
Speaker 5: could help explain why they're turning up in more and
Speaker 5: more places as increased human development displaces other species of
Speaker 5: owls that are more shy. Oh, and here's one last thing.
Speaker 5: There's a tradition of turkey hunters using the barred owls
Speaker 5: call to get a shock gobble from a turkey to
Speaker 5: determine its location. Why don't you give it a try?
Speaker 3: Part three trivia And now it's time for meat eater
Speaker 3: kids trivia.
Speaker 1: The other only game show where conservation always wins. This
Speaker 1: is a quiz show for kids who love the outdoors.
Speaker 1: Take it away, Spencer.
Speaker 4: Today, I'm joined by Jimmy, Rosie, matthew ain, A, Mabel, Hayden, Conley, Reid,
Speaker 4: and Bay. Each player will earn ten dollars for conservation
Speaker 4: with every question they get right today. There's a potential
Speaker 4: for this room to earn up to two hundred and
Speaker 4: seventy dollars this week. That donation is going to the
Speaker 4: Land and Access Initiative, which provides more access to public
Speaker 4: lands for hunting, fishing, hiking, camping, swimming, and whatever else
Speaker 4: you like to do outdoors. Let's see how much money
Speaker 4: our players can raise. Question one, Which of these animals
Speaker 4: would not be found in Lake Erie? Is it alligator, Canada,
Speaker 4: goose or largemouth bass? Which of these animals would not
Speaker 4: be found in Lake Erie? Alligator, Canada, goose or largemouth bass?
Speaker 4: Pretty quick answers? Jimmy, you got this one right, Yes, sir?
Speaker 4: How about Mabel? You got this one right?
Speaker 2: I think so?
Speaker 5: Okay?
Speaker 4: Alligator, Canada, goose, largemouth bass? Is everybody ready?
Speaker 1: Yeah?
Speaker 5: Yeah?
Speaker 4: Quick to answer? Go ahead and reveal your answers.
Speaker 3: Aina alligator, Rosie alligator, Bye largemouth.
Speaker 4: Bass, Mabel alligator.
Speaker 3: Jimmy alligator, read alligator, Matthew alligator.
Speaker 4: Conley Hayden alligator. The correct answer is alligator. A few
Speaker 4: folks got it right. The closest alligator habitat to Lake
Speaker 4: Erie is about four hundred and fifty miles to the
Speaker 4: south in North Carolina. Gators can survive and water down
Speaker 4: to about forty degrees fahrenheit, so they wouldn't like Lake
Speaker 4: Erie anyway. Have you ever seen a gator?
Speaker 1: Yes?
Speaker 4: Where'd you see a gator at Louisiana? Okay? I heard
Speaker 4: that the Putellis family is going to North Carolina. Are
Speaker 4: there gators in North Carolina? I don't know.
Speaker 2: You just said they were, did I?
Speaker 1: Yeah?
Speaker 4: Yeah, I literally just said that there are gators in
Speaker 4: North Carolina. Good point, Mabel, the student has become the teacher.
Speaker 4: I was just testing you guys, actually, and you passed.
Speaker 2: Sure you were.
Speaker 4: I was making sure everyone's listening. Question two, how often
Speaker 4: is there a full moon? Is it every ten days,
Speaker 4: every twenty days, or every thirty days? We got speed
Speaker 4: answers in the room. I think they know this one.
Speaker 4: How often is there a full moon? Every ten days,
Speaker 4: every twenty days, every thirty days, Jimmy and Mabel giving
Speaker 4: each other a thumbs up. You guys like each other's answer.
Speaker 5: No, I wasn't doing about that.
Speaker 3: I was just saying for correcting, you know, I thought
Speaker 3: that was funny.
Speaker 4: Oh okay. Your dad has a similar attitude.
Speaker 3: I think.
Speaker 4: I think it's it brings him more joy than like
Speaker 4: watching you kids grow up. If your dad can get
Speaker 4: one over on me, he's just giddy. Does everybody have
Speaker 4: an answer? Yes, go ahead and reveal your answers. Aina thirty,
Speaker 4: Rosie uh twenty, Bay twenty, Mabel thirty, Jimmy thirty, Read thirty,
Speaker 4: Matthew twenty, Conley thirty, Hayden thirty. The correct answer is
Speaker 4: every thirty days. Some of you got it right. I
Speaker 4: think we had every answer reper ended.
Speaker 5: Though.
Speaker 4: Full moons come around every twenty nine point five days,
Speaker 4: so about once a month. A blue moon is the
Speaker 4: second full moon in a month where there's two full moons.
Speaker 4: Because February is only twenty eight or twenty nine days,
Speaker 4: it never has a blue moon. Sometimes it actually has
Speaker 4: a black moon, which is when there's no full moon
Speaker 4: in the whole month. Have any guys ever heard the
Speaker 4: saying about once in a blue moon? Yes, do you
Speaker 4: know what that means?
Speaker 5: No?
Speaker 4: No, please take a gift? Yeah, yeah, exactly, be like uh,
Speaker 4: Steve Vernella wins trivia once in a blue moon. That'd
Speaker 4: be an example of something very rare that happens. Scoreboard Buddy,
Speaker 4: question that's right, question three? Thank you Matthew. This next
Speaker 4: great question comes via Joe Walcott. If you have a
Speaker 4: question you think is right for Meat Eater Kids Trivia,
Speaker 4: send it to Kids Trivia at the meadeater dot com.
Speaker 4: What kind of animal is a puma? Is it a shark,
Speaker 4: a cougar, or a turkey? What kind of animal is
Speaker 4: a puma, shark, cougar, turkey? This is maybe the most
Speaker 4: confident I've seen the room. We may have a perfect
Speaker 4: score among us. Conley, you got this one right, Yeah,
Speaker 4: you know this one for sure.
Speaker 2: I know this one for sure.
Speaker 4: Okay, counting on you bet you got this one right.
Speaker 4: I got this seem to like your answer. How about Reid,
Speaker 4: you got this one right?
Speaker 1: Yeah?
Speaker 3: Okay.
Speaker 4: Our players think that they are going to have ninety
Speaker 4: dollars for sure on this answer. It's everybody ready, yes,
Speaker 4: go ahead and reveal your answers.
Speaker 3: We have any saying cougar, Rosie Bee cougar, Mabel cougar,
Speaker 3: Jimmy cougar, Reid cougar, Matthew cougar, Conley cougar, Hayden cougar.
Speaker 4: They got it. The correct answer is cougar. That's the
Speaker 4: first time we've ever had all of our players get
Speaker 4: the right answer. Cougar's actually hold the Guinness World Record
Speaker 4: for most nicknames for an animal. They say it has
Speaker 4: over forty nicknames, including mountain lion, panther, catamount painter, and
Speaker 4: deer tiger. What do you guys like to call mountain line?
Speaker 4: No idea mountain line. Mountain line seems to be the consensus.
Speaker 4: A few of you like Puma.
Speaker 2: I think there's a company named Puma.
Speaker 4: You're exactly right, Phil. That's it for today's round of trivia.
Speaker 4: How much money did we raise?
Speaker 1: They raised two hundred twenty dollars.
Speaker 5: For of the max.
Speaker 4: Well done, kids, Join us next time for more meat
Speaker 4: Eater Kids Trivia the only other game show where conservation
Speaker 4: always wins.
Speaker 1: Thank you so much for listening. We really hope you
Speaker 1: enjoyed the episode. If you want to bone up on
Speaker 1: your outdoor knowledge, before the next episode drops, pick up
Speaker 1: a copy of the book Catch a Crayfish, Count the Stars.
Speaker 1: It's available wherever books are sold, and it's chalk full
Speaker 1: of activities that will turn you into a true outdoor expert.
Speaker 1: Now get outside. Be sure to tune in next week
Speaker 1: for another episode of Me Here.
Speaker 5: This h