1 00:00:00,120 --> 00:00:02,520 Speaker 1: People think French happened first because it is the more 2 00:00:02,560 --> 00:00:05,800 Speaker 1: important one. I think the seeds of the French Revolution 3 00:00:06,480 --> 00:00:09,000 Speaker 1: actually led to the American Revolution. I mean, it did 4 00:00:09,080 --> 00:00:11,879 Speaker 1: lead to the French one, timing wise, but I think 5 00:00:12,119 --> 00:00:15,080 Speaker 1: the boiling and the seeds of what was happening in 6 00:00:15,120 --> 00:00:18,440 Speaker 1: France twenty years prior to the revolution just because ours 7 00:00:18,440 --> 00:00:22,400 Speaker 1: happened first. I think that it was the French influence 8 00:00:22,440 --> 00:00:25,640 Speaker 1: and Jefferson and Benjamin and all of them that kept 9 00:00:25,640 --> 00:00:28,880 Speaker 1: coming back with those ideas of like, you guys, fucking 10 00:00:29,000 --> 00:00:30,760 Speaker 1: nobody likes to be ruled by a king. 11 00:00:33,800 --> 00:00:36,840 Speaker 2: My name is Evel Longoria and I am mate remez 12 00:00:36,920 --> 00:00:38,400 Speaker 2: Rajon and welcome to. 13 00:00:38,960 --> 00:00:42,680 Speaker 1: Hungry for History, a podcast that explores our past and 14 00:00:42,720 --> 00:00:43,680 Speaker 1: present through food. 15 00:00:43,920 --> 00:00:46,080 Speaker 2: On every episode, we'll talk about the history of some 16 00:00:46,120 --> 00:00:49,720 Speaker 2: of our favorite dishes, ingredients, and beverages from our culture. 17 00:00:49,800 --> 00:00:50,840 Speaker 2: So make yourself at home. 18 00:00:51,280 --> 00:00:58,600 Speaker 1: Ewen Breche, welcome back to the show, everybody. This is 19 00:00:58,640 --> 00:01:03,680 Speaker 1: our three parts series of revolutions and food. Now, I 20 00:01:03,680 --> 00:01:05,720 Speaker 1: know we're a little out of border because the American 21 00:01:05,760 --> 00:01:09,440 Speaker 1: Revolution happened before the French one, very very close in years. 22 00:01:09,480 --> 00:01:12,240 Speaker 2: I mean they were happening ten fifteen years apart. 23 00:01:12,319 --> 00:01:15,720 Speaker 1: But a lot of the seeds to the American Revolution 24 00:01:15,920 --> 00:01:20,560 Speaker 1: were planted in France. Like we were sharing so much 25 00:01:20,760 --> 00:01:26,320 Speaker 1: information through Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and so this episode 26 00:01:26,360 --> 00:01:29,240 Speaker 1: we're going to take a closer look at the American 27 00:01:29,319 --> 00:01:32,880 Speaker 1: Revolution and the direct and indirect role that food played. 28 00:01:32,920 --> 00:01:36,240 Speaker 1: But also, you know, the factors that led to the 29 00:01:36,280 --> 00:01:38,880 Speaker 1: American Revolution. Hunger was a big one. 30 00:01:39,680 --> 00:01:41,800 Speaker 2: Was Hunger was a big one. It wasn't as big 31 00:01:41,959 --> 00:01:44,920 Speaker 2: a factor in the in the colonies as it was 32 00:01:45,200 --> 00:01:48,320 Speaker 2: in France, but it was definitely, you know, it was 33 00:01:48,480 --> 00:01:52,400 Speaker 2: it was a motivator for action, right in colonial leaders 34 00:01:52,440 --> 00:01:55,760 Speaker 2: they used the language of hunger to rally support for 35 00:01:55,880 --> 00:02:00,000 Speaker 2: the revolution, and so they would say on their path 36 00:02:00,080 --> 00:02:02,680 Speaker 2: flits and speeches they would say things like they text 37 00:02:02,680 --> 00:02:05,400 Speaker 2: our bread and tea while we starve in our own land. 38 00:02:06,160 --> 00:02:08,720 Speaker 2: So they'll say all of this. But the real causes 39 00:02:08,760 --> 00:02:14,040 Speaker 2: were taxation and representation. The colonists had no elective representative 40 00:02:14,400 --> 00:02:17,600 Speaker 2: in the British Parliament, but they were still being taxed 41 00:02:17,639 --> 00:02:21,560 Speaker 2: and they protested. One of the most famous protests is 42 00:02:21,600 --> 00:02:25,120 Speaker 2: the Boston Tea Party. Right, so colonists dump tea into 43 00:02:25,160 --> 00:02:28,120 Speaker 2: the Boston Harbor and protest of the Tea Act, and 44 00:02:28,160 --> 00:02:32,800 Speaker 2: it was this sort of dramatic act of defiance. So 45 00:02:33,360 --> 00:02:38,359 Speaker 2: it was against British policies, against British policy exactly. And 46 00:02:38,400 --> 00:02:43,440 Speaker 2: so in the colonies activists right or it was women, 47 00:02:43,639 --> 00:02:47,120 Speaker 2: you know, primarily who managed households that they started drinking 48 00:02:47,280 --> 00:02:51,520 Speaker 2: tea they called liberty tea, tea from local plants instead 49 00:02:51,520 --> 00:02:55,919 Speaker 2: of imported black tea. And so they also began using 50 00:02:56,000 --> 00:02:59,919 Speaker 2: maple syrup instead of imported sugar or you know, core 51 00:03:00,160 --> 00:03:03,440 Speaker 2: meal and state of wheat. And so we see these 52 00:03:03,480 --> 00:03:07,680 Speaker 2: sort of small acts of protest in food, and we 53 00:03:07,720 --> 00:03:11,160 Speaker 2: also received as reflected in period you know, cookbooks. 54 00:03:11,200 --> 00:03:17,079 Speaker 1: But let's talk about the French influence before the American 55 00:03:17,120 --> 00:03:21,040 Speaker 1: Revolution and kind of these ideas that were planted in 56 00:03:21,120 --> 00:03:24,520 Speaker 1: our colonies and these ideas that came from you know, 57 00:03:25,080 --> 00:03:29,120 Speaker 1: Benjamin Franklin, who was in Paris before Thomas Jefferson. What 58 00:03:29,200 --> 00:03:32,040 Speaker 1: was happening philosophically in this moment. 59 00:03:32,280 --> 00:03:34,240 Speaker 2: I'm so glad you asked about that, because that is 60 00:03:34,240 --> 00:03:37,400 Speaker 2: a really interesting period in history. So this is the 61 00:03:37,600 --> 00:03:40,840 Speaker 2: age of the Enlightenment. But what does that mean? What 62 00:03:40,840 --> 00:03:43,600 Speaker 2: do you mean? What does that mean? So it sounds 63 00:03:43,640 --> 00:03:45,800 Speaker 2: like a new ay. It sounds new agey to me, 64 00:03:45,960 --> 00:03:48,160 Speaker 2: so I know it can't it can't be. It was 65 00:03:48,200 --> 00:03:53,200 Speaker 2: this cultural and philosophical movement that began in Europe and 66 00:03:53,400 --> 00:03:57,760 Speaker 2: particularly in France and England and Germany, but it really 67 00:03:58,120 --> 00:04:01,480 Speaker 2: influenced much of the Western world world. And it was 68 00:04:01,520 --> 00:04:05,160 Speaker 2: this movement that started in the late sixteen hundreds and 69 00:04:05,200 --> 00:04:08,360 Speaker 2: it ended in the early eighteen hundreds. So it's when 70 00:04:08,400 --> 00:04:11,400 Speaker 2: these countries are like, augh, I've had enough. So there 71 00:04:11,400 --> 00:04:16,600 Speaker 2: were philosophers right like Voltaire and Dennis Diderou and Jehan Lucke, 72 00:04:16,600 --> 00:04:21,120 Speaker 2: and all of these philosophers were challenging the establishment. They 73 00:04:21,120 --> 00:04:27,760 Speaker 2: were challenging established religious institutes and political institutes, and they 74 00:04:27,760 --> 00:04:30,520 Speaker 2: were calling for freedom of speech. They were calling for 75 00:04:30,600 --> 00:04:34,720 Speaker 2: separation of powers, of religious tolerance, of education for all. 76 00:04:35,400 --> 00:04:39,640 Speaker 2: They were promoting reason and science and critical thinking over 77 00:04:39,960 --> 00:04:46,280 Speaker 2: tradition and superstition and absolute monarchy, right, And so their 78 00:04:46,360 --> 00:04:51,679 Speaker 2: writings would inspire the revolution in France certainly, and also 79 00:04:51,800 --> 00:04:56,960 Speaker 2: revolutions in America and also in Latin America. Their writings 80 00:04:57,000 --> 00:05:01,040 Speaker 2: inspired the War of Independence in Mexico go you know, 81 00:05:01,080 --> 00:05:05,640 Speaker 2: from Spain, right, So their writings really really traveled around 82 00:05:05,640 --> 00:05:09,720 Speaker 2: the world, and they helped shape many modern ideas about 83 00:05:09,800 --> 00:05:13,599 Speaker 2: human rights and justice and equality and the role of state. 84 00:05:13,800 --> 00:05:17,200 Speaker 2: So the people like ben Franklin and Thomas Jefferson and 85 00:05:17,240 --> 00:05:20,000 Speaker 2: these Founding fathers are like, oh, wait a minute, they 86 00:05:20,080 --> 00:05:23,160 Speaker 2: really took these ideas and ran with them. 87 00:05:23,320 --> 00:05:27,520 Speaker 1: Even though our president at the time, George Washington, during 88 00:05:27,520 --> 00:05:32,000 Speaker 1: the French Revolution, he declared, you know, the Proclamation of neutrality, 89 00:05:33,400 --> 00:05:38,320 Speaker 1: there wasn't an influence that America had with these ideas 90 00:05:38,320 --> 00:05:41,640 Speaker 1: of liberty, democracy, constitution. And it was said that the 91 00:05:41,720 --> 00:05:46,760 Speaker 1: Declaration of Independence specifically, that's what led to France to 92 00:05:47,520 --> 00:05:50,440 Speaker 1: write a lot of their rights. Even the fact that 93 00:05:50,480 --> 00:05:53,680 Speaker 1: it's called enlightenment in the seventeen hundreds, because to me 94 00:05:53,680 --> 00:05:54,880 Speaker 1: it's such a modern term. 95 00:05:55,040 --> 00:05:56,599 Speaker 2: I mean, everything that they were thinking it made so 96 00:05:56,640 --> 00:05:58,440 Speaker 2: much sense. They just wanted equality for all. 97 00:05:58,600 --> 00:06:01,279 Speaker 1: Well, why I feel like our founding fathers were so 98 00:06:01,320 --> 00:06:04,480 Speaker 1: smart and our political leaders today aren't. 99 00:06:07,520 --> 00:06:09,039 Speaker 2: Like Benjamin Franklin. 100 00:06:09,240 --> 00:06:13,520 Speaker 1: Benjamin Franklin was a writer, a scientist, an inventor, a diplomat. 101 00:06:13,560 --> 00:06:14,520 Speaker 2: He was a philosopher. 102 00:06:15,080 --> 00:06:18,080 Speaker 1: Like, look, our founding fathers were flawed for many things, 103 00:06:18,880 --> 00:06:21,880 Speaker 1: but they were at heart philosophers and. 104 00:06:21,920 --> 00:06:24,480 Speaker 2: They were brilliant. He founded the American Philosophical Society, He 105 00:06:24,520 --> 00:06:29,160 Speaker 2: founded the first library the University of Pennsylvania. They founded universities, 106 00:06:29,200 --> 00:06:33,560 Speaker 2: they founded libraries. They were curious about other cultures and 107 00:06:33,640 --> 00:06:37,680 Speaker 2: other ideas. I mean Benjamin Franklin invented bifocal lenses. I 108 00:06:37,760 --> 00:06:44,440 Speaker 2: mean just he helped people see literally and figuratively. These 109 00:06:44,480 --> 00:06:51,000 Speaker 2: guys were smart. Don't go anywhere hungry for history. Will 110 00:06:51,000 --> 00:06:51,560 Speaker 2: be right back. 111 00:06:58,200 --> 00:07:01,159 Speaker 1: Let's talk about his time, Benjamin Franklin's time in France, 112 00:07:01,200 --> 00:07:03,800 Speaker 1: and particularly his thoughts on food, because he lived in 113 00:07:03,800 --> 00:07:05,680 Speaker 1: Paris before Jefferson. 114 00:07:06,040 --> 00:07:08,479 Speaker 2: He lived in Paris just before Jefferson. He was there 115 00:07:08,560 --> 00:07:11,760 Speaker 2: seventeen seventy six to seventeen eighty five, and he was 116 00:07:11,840 --> 00:07:15,440 Speaker 2: super skilled diplomat, and he won supported the French public, 117 00:07:15,920 --> 00:07:21,360 Speaker 2: and he secured military and financial funding from France for 118 00:07:21,640 --> 00:07:26,040 Speaker 2: the Revolution, for the American Revolution. But in the years 119 00:07:26,040 --> 00:07:29,480 Speaker 2: that he was in France, he really he started seeing 120 00:07:29,600 --> 00:07:33,080 Speaker 2: food as a symbol, as a social symbol, and how 121 00:07:33,200 --> 00:07:38,280 Speaker 2: through conversations at the table he came to see how 122 00:07:38,320 --> 00:07:41,840 Speaker 2: what's on the table was directly tied to politics, and 123 00:07:41,880 --> 00:07:46,280 Speaker 2: that food isn't just about nutrition or hospitality, but it 124 00:07:46,400 --> 00:07:52,840 Speaker 2: signals class and nationality, and so he admired the elegance 125 00:07:53,120 --> 00:07:57,640 Speaker 2: of French food and dining. Not the grand couvert that 126 00:07:57,720 --> 00:08:00,560 Speaker 2: we talked about in the French Revolution, but just this 127 00:08:00,760 --> 00:08:03,080 Speaker 2: moderation with what's you know with food? 128 00:08:03,360 --> 00:08:07,120 Speaker 1: Yeah, the moderation and food, the seasonal vegetables, the wine 129 00:08:07,120 --> 00:08:10,640 Speaker 1: over beer. Like he thought that was so refined and 130 00:08:10,680 --> 00:08:13,760 Speaker 1: that everybody did that in comparison, it's so funny in 131 00:08:13,760 --> 00:08:16,840 Speaker 1: comparison to the British excess, which is now defined as 132 00:08:16,960 --> 00:08:21,520 Speaker 1: American excess, Like our portion sizes are still insane compared 133 00:08:21,520 --> 00:08:22,280 Speaker 1: to other countries. 134 00:08:22,360 --> 00:08:26,559 Speaker 2: No, yes, that is true. But but he it's interesting 135 00:08:26,600 --> 00:08:29,800 Speaker 2: because they were making these comparisons, right, Okay, the British 136 00:08:29,840 --> 00:08:32,040 Speaker 2: are eating this, the front are doing it this way, 137 00:08:32,040 --> 00:08:34,040 Speaker 2: we're doing it this way. What could we get? What 138 00:08:34,120 --> 00:08:35,920 Speaker 2: could we keep from the British, what could we bring 139 00:08:35,960 --> 00:08:39,160 Speaker 2: from France? And how can we transform and create our 140 00:08:39,360 --> 00:08:43,360 Speaker 2: own things? So even from these moments, it's like, oh, 141 00:08:44,080 --> 00:08:45,960 Speaker 2: let's take a little bit of this and let let's 142 00:08:46,080 --> 00:08:48,079 Speaker 2: learn from what people are doing, and let's make it 143 00:08:48,080 --> 00:08:52,360 Speaker 2: well with what we have and create something new. So 144 00:08:52,480 --> 00:08:55,640 Speaker 2: all of these things are kind of well brewing and another. 145 00:08:55,280 --> 00:08:59,240 Speaker 1: Founding father, who was obviously highly influenced by the French 146 00:08:59,280 --> 00:09:03,000 Speaker 1: was Thomas Jepp. He would later become the third President, 147 00:09:03,120 --> 00:09:07,760 Speaker 1: but at this point he was causing food trouble, good trouble. 148 00:09:07,800 --> 00:09:11,920 Speaker 2: He was causing good trouble. Yeah. He lived in Paris 149 00:09:12,120 --> 00:09:14,600 Speaker 2: seventeen eighty four to seventeen nine, so he left right 150 00:09:14,679 --> 00:09:19,760 Speaker 2: before the revolution started. And these were the most memorable 151 00:09:19,840 --> 00:09:23,400 Speaker 2: years of his life. Like, he loved everything French, the music, 152 00:09:23,400 --> 00:09:27,840 Speaker 2: the architecture of the gardens, everything, the salons, the social life, 153 00:09:27,960 --> 00:09:31,160 Speaker 2: the enlightenment thinking, but of course the food. Like he 154 00:09:31,280 --> 00:09:35,360 Speaker 2: was just obsessed with the food. He brought back eighty 155 00:09:35,520 --> 00:09:38,680 Speaker 2: six crates of supplies, you know, he shipped it back 156 00:09:38,760 --> 00:09:44,160 Speaker 2: into Virginia, and he had tablecloths, European cookbooks. He had 157 00:09:44,200 --> 00:09:49,320 Speaker 2: a waffle maker, macaroni molds, and parmesan cheese, olive oil, 158 00:09:49,400 --> 00:09:52,600 Speaker 2: grapevines and you know, just this idea of bringing grape 159 00:09:52,600 --> 00:09:55,240 Speaker 2: finds and saying, oh, one day the US will make 160 00:09:55,320 --> 00:09:58,520 Speaker 2: wines to rival those of France. It never happened during 161 00:09:58,559 --> 00:10:02,199 Speaker 2: his lifetime, but know it hasn't happened in our lifetime. 162 00:10:03,840 --> 00:10:04,600 Speaker 2: Some good wines. 163 00:10:06,480 --> 00:10:08,319 Speaker 1: Let me tell you, Look, I'm a fan, I am. 164 00:10:08,480 --> 00:10:11,360 Speaker 1: You are in a big California cab. I'm a big 165 00:10:11,440 --> 00:10:15,240 Speaker 1: California cab girl. We can rival some, we can rival some. 166 00:10:15,760 --> 00:10:20,040 Speaker 1: But he did try to cultivate these grapes, uh for 167 00:10:20,120 --> 00:10:23,439 Speaker 1: wine making at his vineyard in Monticello. 168 00:10:24,000 --> 00:10:27,959 Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, I mean there were farmers. 169 00:10:27,600 --> 00:10:29,480 Speaker 1: He failed, knowing what we know now about how to 170 00:10:29,520 --> 00:10:31,600 Speaker 1: cultivate grapes. It's like not the right soil, not the 171 00:10:31,679 --> 00:10:37,120 Speaker 1: right climate. So he also he had Jefferson had a 172 00:10:37,200 --> 00:10:41,640 Speaker 1: nineteen year old enslaved chef, James Hemings, and Hemings was 173 00:10:41,640 --> 00:10:46,000 Speaker 1: the first American to train as a chef in France, 174 00:10:46,559 --> 00:10:50,400 Speaker 1: and James Hemings was a key figure in bringing bringing 175 00:10:50,480 --> 00:10:53,720 Speaker 1: that French cuisine to the US and Paris. He cooked 176 00:10:53,760 --> 00:10:57,800 Speaker 1: for all the international guests and authors and scientists and aristocrats, 177 00:10:58,360 --> 00:11:03,120 Speaker 1: and since slavery was not legally recognized in France, he 178 00:11:03,280 --> 00:11:08,240 Speaker 1: was paid. That's awesome and amazing to know that history. 179 00:11:08,280 --> 00:11:10,959 Speaker 1: And he ended up applying some of his earnings to 180 00:11:11,040 --> 00:11:13,920 Speaker 1: hire a tutor to learn French. And he had the 181 00:11:14,000 --> 00:11:17,240 Speaker 1: right to claim freedom in France, but he chose not to. 182 00:11:17,320 --> 00:11:20,560 Speaker 1: And he was one of the few enslaved people. Thomas 183 00:11:20,679 --> 00:11:26,440 Speaker 1: Jefferson formally freed, but he's credited with popularizing French fries, 184 00:11:27,080 --> 00:11:30,280 Speaker 1: French fries, ice cream, and champagne in the US. 185 00:11:30,480 --> 00:11:34,240 Speaker 2: I know, he's such an interesting and also a tragic figure. 186 00:11:34,400 --> 00:11:37,320 Speaker 2: His talent should have made him America's first celebrity chef. 187 00:11:37,640 --> 00:11:41,400 Speaker 2: In a fair world, his name would stand alongside Escoffier 188 00:11:41,640 --> 00:11:46,120 Speaker 2: or Julia Child. Jefferson did eventually free him, but the 189 00:11:46,160 --> 00:11:49,880 Speaker 2: system had already stolen most of his chances. He died 190 00:11:50,040 --> 00:11:53,240 Speaker 2: at just thirty six years old, and his legacy was 191 00:11:53,320 --> 00:11:57,640 Speaker 2: almost forgotten. But that young man, that young nineteen year 192 00:11:57,640 --> 00:12:00,840 Speaker 2: old black man in a Paris kitchen, helped shape the 193 00:12:00,840 --> 00:12:06,120 Speaker 2: flavors of America such injustice. This contradiction is baked into 194 00:12:06,160 --> 00:12:10,520 Speaker 2: America's DNA, and James Heming is part of that contradiction. 195 00:12:11,040 --> 00:12:17,480 Speaker 1: France's influence was obviously substantial because of the Enlightenment ideas. 196 00:12:18,520 --> 00:12:19,720 Speaker 2: That really had a heavy hand. 197 00:12:19,800 --> 00:12:22,720 Speaker 1: Like I said before, the declaration of Independence was like 198 00:12:22,840 --> 00:12:27,560 Speaker 1: America's birth announcement, and then the Constitution was its operating manual. 199 00:12:29,160 --> 00:12:32,640 Speaker 1: But a lot of this, again was from these seeds 200 00:12:32,920 --> 00:12:38,280 Speaker 1: of what was happening in France, literally seeds and the 201 00:12:38,400 --> 00:12:43,080 Speaker 1: roots of our nation were really nourished by ideas from 202 00:12:43,120 --> 00:12:47,839 Speaker 1: all over the world, but specifically just the big hand 203 00:12:47,920 --> 00:12:51,960 Speaker 1: that all of these Enlightenment philosophers had. 204 00:12:52,240 --> 00:12:56,360 Speaker 2: Well, yeah, the Enlightenment philosophers like Dennis Didero in Voltaire 205 00:12:56,400 --> 00:12:58,720 Speaker 2: and all of that, but they were inspired by the 206 00:12:58,720 --> 00:13:04,720 Speaker 2: Greek philosophers. And so everybody is inspired by something else, 207 00:13:04,720 --> 00:13:08,680 Speaker 2: and the Greek philosophers were inspired by engineer East, you know, 208 00:13:09,480 --> 00:13:13,319 Speaker 2: traditions and mythology. So the roots of our nation were 209 00:13:13,360 --> 00:13:16,640 Speaker 2: shaped by so many ideas from around the world. 210 00:13:17,000 --> 00:13:19,040 Speaker 1: Yeah, and I think the main thing they had in 211 00:13:19,080 --> 00:13:22,680 Speaker 1: common was they all resented royal control and they were 212 00:13:22,720 --> 00:13:27,000 Speaker 1: all motivated to establish a government with checks and balances 213 00:13:27,520 --> 00:13:30,640 Speaker 1: to guard against tyranny, which is a lesson we could 214 00:13:30,760 --> 00:13:31,760 Speaker 1: learn today. 215 00:13:32,440 --> 00:13:34,319 Speaker 2: Yeah, exactly. 216 00:13:34,520 --> 00:13:37,800 Speaker 1: So while we're doing this, as while we're doing this, yes, 217 00:13:38,040 --> 00:13:39,760 Speaker 1: so they're writing. 218 00:13:39,440 --> 00:13:42,520 Speaker 2: These documents, what are they eating? We know, the most 219 00:13:42,520 --> 00:13:46,600 Speaker 2: important drinking drinking good wine. He's drinking good wine. So 220 00:13:46,920 --> 00:13:49,920 Speaker 2: Thomas Jeferson may have drafted the Declaration of Independents at 221 00:13:50,200 --> 00:13:55,240 Speaker 2: a tavern, the Indian Queen tavern in Philadelphia, and so, 222 00:13:55,240 --> 00:13:59,040 Speaker 2: so taverns were these places in the colonies for drinking, 223 00:13:59,120 --> 00:14:01,959 Speaker 2: and they were hubs of political discussion, like this is 224 00:14:02,000 --> 00:14:05,280 Speaker 2: where people would come together and talk and they would 225 00:14:05,360 --> 00:14:11,199 Speaker 2: eat roasted meats and hot meat pies and salt cought 226 00:14:11,320 --> 00:14:14,760 Speaker 2: and fried oysters and Yorkshire putting these sort of heavy things, 227 00:14:15,360 --> 00:14:19,760 Speaker 2: you know, hardy foods that reflected sort of regional availability, 228 00:14:19,920 --> 00:14:24,160 Speaker 2: but also really inspired by the British pop you know food. 229 00:14:24,640 --> 00:14:29,280 Speaker 2: And they were drinking ale and cider and rum and punch. 230 00:14:29,760 --> 00:14:32,960 Speaker 2: Tea was popular until it was boycotted. So they were 231 00:14:33,000 --> 00:14:35,480 Speaker 2: drinking a lot, right, Even Benjamin Franklin, he wrote the 232 00:14:35,520 --> 00:14:40,200 Speaker 2: Drinker's Dictionary, and this dictionary described the different states of drunkenness. 233 00:14:41,160 --> 00:14:43,760 Speaker 2: So you can kind of say that he's America's first 234 00:14:43,960 --> 00:14:49,160 Speaker 2: food and drink writer. Then if he had an Instagram today. 235 00:14:49,520 --> 00:14:52,400 Speaker 2: But so once they went to Europe and they came 236 00:14:52,480 --> 00:14:56,200 Speaker 2: back and they really encouraged the local production of beer 237 00:14:56,480 --> 00:14:59,160 Speaker 2: and wine, and they shared the love of food with 238 00:14:59,240 --> 00:15:02,760 Speaker 2: their family and friend. But I love this idea. You know, 239 00:15:03,160 --> 00:15:06,160 Speaker 2: we're talking about how they were inspired by so many 240 00:15:06,240 --> 00:15:09,120 Speaker 2: different things. Berendaman Franklin spent a lot of time in 241 00:15:09,160 --> 00:15:12,560 Speaker 2: London as well, and so he supported this idea of 242 00:15:12,600 --> 00:15:15,480 Speaker 2: cultivating local protests as a way of avoiding dependence on 243 00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:19,480 Speaker 2: foreign goods, but he appreciated everything else. And when he 244 00:15:19,600 --> 00:15:23,160 Speaker 2: was in London he tasted tofu for the first time, 245 00:15:23,720 --> 00:15:26,560 Speaker 2: and he wrote a letter. In seventeen seventy, he wrote 246 00:15:26,600 --> 00:15:29,000 Speaker 2: a letter to a friend, John bar Trump is his name. 247 00:15:29,040 --> 00:15:32,280 Speaker 2: He's a botanist friend in Philadelphia, and he described tofu 248 00:15:32,320 --> 00:15:36,440 Speaker 2: as a kind of cheese made from soybeans, which is 249 00:15:36,480 --> 00:15:39,760 Speaker 2: called tao fu, and it's a common food in China. 250 00:15:39,800 --> 00:15:41,720 Speaker 2: I had a few sent to me from Canton with 251 00:15:41,840 --> 00:15:45,360 Speaker 2: this soy and so he said that he liked to 252 00:15:45,360 --> 00:15:47,320 Speaker 2: eat it with a little bit of salt. That I 253 00:15:47,320 --> 00:15:51,240 Speaker 2: think is so freaking amazing. And so they both him, 254 00:15:51,400 --> 00:15:55,560 Speaker 2: both Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, they wrote recipes. The earliest 255 00:15:55,600 --> 00:15:58,400 Speaker 2: recipe for vanilla ice cream in the US has written 256 00:15:58,440 --> 00:16:01,760 Speaker 2: in Thomas Jefferson's hands. He would I read a lot 257 00:16:01,840 --> 00:16:07,080 Speaker 2: about wine and dining. And Benjamin Franklin wrote a recipe 258 00:16:07,120 --> 00:16:11,840 Speaker 2: in French, a recipe for suckling pig with sage and 259 00:16:11,880 --> 00:16:15,640 Speaker 2: butter roasted suckling ping with sta that's so cool. And 260 00:16:15,640 --> 00:16:19,440 Speaker 2: they love to drink. Ben Franklin's cocta is milk punch. 261 00:16:19,720 --> 00:16:22,640 Speaker 2: We drank it at Nativo in Highland Park. So cool. 262 00:16:23,000 --> 00:16:28,600 Speaker 1: Well, George Washington became a successful whiskey distiller after his presidency. 263 00:16:29,160 --> 00:16:31,800 Speaker 2: Yeah, that was his job presidency. I know. Wow. 264 00:16:31,880 --> 00:16:35,320 Speaker 1: So sure, after creating the United States, he needed a drink. 265 00:16:35,440 --> 00:16:39,720 Speaker 2: He needed a drink. We've got more after the break, 266 00:16:39,840 --> 00:16:49,960 Speaker 2: So don't go anywhere. Everybody knows Might is obsessed with cookbooks. 267 00:16:50,000 --> 00:16:55,600 Speaker 1: And you must have so many cookbooks from the American Revolution, 268 00:16:55,960 --> 00:16:58,640 Speaker 1: or at least you know some that are reflected from 269 00:16:58,680 --> 00:16:59,160 Speaker 1: this time. 270 00:16:59,640 --> 00:17:01,920 Speaker 2: I do, and I am obsessed. There's one that I 271 00:17:01,920 --> 00:17:05,040 Speaker 2: don't have, but it is available online called American Cookery 272 00:17:05,080 --> 00:17:08,639 Speaker 2: by Amelia Simmons. And this one is super interesting because 273 00:17:08,680 --> 00:17:11,119 Speaker 2: before seventeen ninety six, all of the cookbooks in the 274 00:17:11,240 --> 00:17:14,879 Speaker 2: US were imported from England or were reprints of British classics. 275 00:17:15,240 --> 00:17:19,640 Speaker 2: Amelia Simmons' cookbook is the first known cookbook written by 276 00:17:20,080 --> 00:17:24,520 Speaker 2: an American for Americans. And this cookbook is groundbreaking because 277 00:17:24,520 --> 00:17:28,080 Speaker 2: it marks this break from British culinary traditions. And it's 278 00:17:28,119 --> 00:17:32,480 Speaker 2: super cool because we see native ingredients like cornmeal, squash, 279 00:17:32,560 --> 00:17:36,199 Speaker 2: and molasses. We never see these in European cookbooks. She 280 00:17:36,400 --> 00:17:40,960 Speaker 2: includes recipes for turkey with cranberry sauce. This is way 281 00:17:41,000 --> 00:17:44,120 Speaker 2: before Thanksgiving was formalized as a hallway way for things 282 00:17:44,359 --> 00:17:49,560 Speaker 2: give way before recipes for pumpkin pie. So she's the 283 00:17:49,600 --> 00:17:52,960 Speaker 2: first one to use something called parlash, which is a 284 00:17:53,000 --> 00:17:57,679 Speaker 2: precursor to baking soda as a leavening agent. It's interesting 285 00:17:57,760 --> 00:18:01,240 Speaker 2: how they're starting to use name native ingredients, and a 286 00:18:01,240 --> 00:18:04,119 Speaker 2: lot of these native ingredients in the US were ingredients 287 00:18:04,160 --> 00:18:07,840 Speaker 2: that had made their way up from Mexico, like tomatoes 288 00:18:07,880 --> 00:18:14,399 Speaker 2: and chocolate. We also see African influences with frying, like 289 00:18:14,720 --> 00:18:20,280 Speaker 2: recipes for donuts and fritters. Also rice introduced by you know, 290 00:18:20,400 --> 00:18:24,080 Speaker 2: to the America's by enslaved Africans, and so we see 291 00:18:24,560 --> 00:18:27,399 Speaker 2: using these off cuts of meats, like recipes for feet 292 00:18:27,520 --> 00:18:33,119 Speaker 2: and ears that reflect this ingenuity of cooking with limited resources. 293 00:18:33,160 --> 00:18:36,280 Speaker 2: So it's a really interesting cookbook because if you take 294 00:18:36,320 --> 00:18:39,080 Speaker 2: apart the ingredients, it just says so much. 295 00:18:39,280 --> 00:18:43,520 Speaker 1: Obviously, one of the most recognizable symbols of the US 296 00:18:44,080 --> 00:18:46,400 Speaker 1: is the Statue of Liberty. And I was just in 297 00:18:46,560 --> 00:18:49,639 Speaker 1: coal Maar, you were there too, right, I was there. 298 00:18:49,920 --> 00:18:51,800 Speaker 2: Oh my gosh, it's such a fut It's like it's 299 00:18:51,800 --> 00:18:53,520 Speaker 2: a fairytale the little place. 300 00:18:53,720 --> 00:18:56,760 Speaker 1: It's a fairytale town, Colemar and Strasbourg, which is the 301 00:18:56,840 --> 00:18:57,879 Speaker 1: German side. 302 00:18:57,960 --> 00:18:59,840 Speaker 2: A lot of people don't know. So it's the hometown 303 00:18:59,880 --> 00:19:00,240 Speaker 2: of the. 304 00:19:00,200 --> 00:19:04,760 Speaker 1: Designer of this beautiful symbol of freedom and acceptance. And 305 00:19:04,840 --> 00:19:09,879 Speaker 1: so because the sculptor was Ifel, Gustave Eifel, he's the 306 00:19:09,880 --> 00:19:12,400 Speaker 1: one that made the statue of Liberty, but the guy 307 00:19:12,440 --> 00:19:16,600 Speaker 1: who designed it. So yeah, I was in Colemar and 308 00:19:16,760 --> 00:19:20,280 Speaker 1: you know, this copper clad statue, which was a gift 309 00:19:20,440 --> 00:19:22,520 Speaker 1: to the United States from the people of France, was 310 00:19:22,560 --> 00:19:29,200 Speaker 1: designed by this French sculptor, Frederic Auguste BATHOLDI it's framework 311 00:19:29,240 --> 00:19:32,520 Speaker 1: and it was actually built by Gustave Eiffel, who did 312 00:19:32,560 --> 00:19:33,320 Speaker 1: the Eiffel Tower. 313 00:19:34,359 --> 00:19:37,760 Speaker 2: But it's crazy that you know this, you know. 314 00:19:37,760 --> 00:19:41,720 Speaker 1: Beautiful statue of a Roman goddess of liberty, libert Fast 315 00:19:41,720 --> 00:19:46,280 Speaker 1: which is their name, was like built in France and 316 00:19:46,359 --> 00:19:49,959 Speaker 1: then shipped over uh to the United States. 317 00:19:50,000 --> 00:19:51,320 Speaker 2: I just thought it was so cool. And then I 318 00:19:51,359 --> 00:19:53,200 Speaker 2: thought it was so funny because I saw. 319 00:19:53,359 --> 00:19:56,400 Speaker 1: The statue Liberty everywhere in this little town, Colemar, and I. 320 00:19:56,359 --> 00:19:58,280 Speaker 2: Was like, why is she here? 321 00:19:58,440 --> 00:20:02,240 Speaker 1: They're like, this is the where the designer was born, 322 00:20:02,320 --> 00:20:05,280 Speaker 1: and I thought, oh my god, that is so interesting. Also, 323 00:20:05,320 --> 00:20:09,080 Speaker 1: I don't interest you saw recently a muralist in France 324 00:20:10,640 --> 00:20:12,960 Speaker 1: painted the Statue of Liberty on the side of this 325 00:20:13,040 --> 00:20:17,600 Speaker 1: building with her hands over her eyes in protests towards 326 00:20:18,119 --> 00:20:21,240 Speaker 1: all the injustices that is happening in the United States. 327 00:20:21,320 --> 00:20:23,359 Speaker 1: So there's such a claim to the Statue of Liberty 328 00:20:23,400 --> 00:20:26,320 Speaker 1: in France as it was given to us. But you know, 329 00:20:26,440 --> 00:20:28,840 Speaker 1: she's a symbol of freedom and democracy. 330 00:20:29,400 --> 00:20:33,800 Speaker 2: And French friendship, international friendship. Yeah, like, where did that go? 331 00:20:34,040 --> 00:20:35,280 Speaker 2: It's where did that go? 332 00:20:35,720 --> 00:20:37,520 Speaker 1: And I think we have to remember, you know, the 333 00:20:37,600 --> 00:20:40,959 Speaker 1: original promise of the US, and she's obviously the biggest 334 00:20:40,960 --> 00:20:42,000 Speaker 1: symbol of that promise. 335 00:20:42,520 --> 00:20:47,040 Speaker 2: She is. Yeah, i'd forgotten that. Her feet they're broken 336 00:20:47,160 --> 00:20:51,159 Speaker 2: chains and shackles and symbolized the end of tyranny. And 337 00:20:51,359 --> 00:20:54,679 Speaker 2: she's a symbol of k and a welcome for immigrants. 338 00:20:55,080 --> 00:20:58,280 Speaker 2: It's like, come on, let's remember this. You have a 339 00:20:58,359 --> 00:21:02,920 Speaker 2: quote that you like that Tom Jefferson wrote to James Madison. Yes, 340 00:21:03,040 --> 00:21:05,680 Speaker 2: in seventeen eighty seven. He wrote, I hold it that 341 00:21:05,800 --> 00:21:07,840 Speaker 2: a little rebellion now and then is a good thing. 342 00:21:11,240 --> 00:21:14,520 Speaker 2: The founding fathers talked about liberty and equality, but many 343 00:21:14,640 --> 00:21:18,359 Speaker 2: owned enslaved people and supported policies that harmed and displaced 344 00:21:18,359 --> 00:21:22,480 Speaker 2: indigenous communities. They often chose profit over people, yet they 345 00:21:22,640 --> 00:21:27,800 Speaker 2: also birthed a nation that would change history forever. Next 346 00:21:27,880 --> 00:21:31,600 Speaker 2: week we move on to the Mexican Revolution. Gibbie my 347 00:21:31,760 --> 00:21:35,040 Speaker 2: mechi Go Mexi Go. So as interesting as all of 348 00:21:35,160 --> 00:21:40,520 Speaker 2: this is, Mexico one hundred years later was the first 349 00:21:40,680 --> 00:21:46,679 Speaker 2: constitution to put women's rights, indigenous rights, child's labor laws, 350 00:21:47,400 --> 00:21:51,240 Speaker 2: and all of these different protections in their constitution. We'll 351 00:21:51,280 --> 00:21:53,160 Speaker 2: be talking about that a little bit more next week. 352 00:21:53,480 --> 00:21:54,320 Speaker 2: See you guys then. 353 00:21:57,320 --> 00:22:00,480 Speaker 1: Hungary for History is a Hyphenet Media production in partnership 354 00:22:00,520 --> 00:22:02,879 Speaker 1: with Iheart'smichael Tura podcast network. 355 00:22:03,040 --> 00:22:05,840 Speaker 2: For more of your favorite shows, visit the iHeartRadio app, 356 00:22:06,040 --> 00:22:08,800 Speaker 2: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.