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Speaker 1: T t.

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Speaker 2: There are two places we both say we don't want

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Speaker 2: to mess around with. That's too deep in the ocean,

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Speaker 2: that's right, and too far out into space.

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Speaker 3: We don't know what's out there, and we don't know

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Speaker 3: it's down there. Okay, there you have it. The people

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Speaker 3: are like, oh, I would want to live in the

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Speaker 3: ocean at the I'm like, we don't know anything about

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Speaker 3: what's going.

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Speaker 2: Y'all laughing at SpongeBob. But a pineapple under the sea.

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Speaker 2: No thanks, Okay, you don't know what's down there, No

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Speaker 2: one does. We don't know what's in space, but people

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Speaker 2: are still trying to go there.

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Speaker 3: Right. Just this Monday that just passed, NASA was supposed

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Speaker 3: to launch their Artemis moon rocket, but the launch was scrubbed,

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Speaker 3: so it's canceled due to technical difficulties because of a

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Speaker 3: fuel leak and some other things like a temperature issue

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Speaker 3: with the engine.

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Speaker 2: When will we learn to see in space? We need

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Speaker 2: to cool it down?

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Speaker 3: When will we learn?

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Speaker 2: I'm TT and I'm Zakiyah.

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Speaker 3: And from Spotify, this is Stop Labs.

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Speaker 2: Welcome to Dope Labs, a weekly podcast that makes this

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Speaker 2: hardcore science, pop culture, and a healthy dose of friendship.

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Speaker 3: This week, we're talking all about commercial space flights.

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Speaker 2: Before we even get into this too deep.

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Speaker 3: Uh huh.

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Speaker 2: I gotta know where everybody's landing. If you could go

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Speaker 2: to space, and I mean first class to space, not

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Speaker 2: in the cargo area. If you could go first class

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Speaker 2: to space, would you go T T? Would you go?

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Speaker 3: Ooh? I'm still very terrified of space, you know me.

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Speaker 3: I've said this in a few episodes, like the thought

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Speaker 3: of space scares me, honey, like it scares me, but

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Speaker 3: you know, the scientist in me is very curious what

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Speaker 3: it's like, if it'll be cool, you know. So I'm

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Speaker 3: kind of on the fence. I'm gonna say yes because

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Speaker 3: I feel like I have to say yes.

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Speaker 2: Oh, y'all bullying my friend, and to be in a space, I'm.

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Speaker 3: Gonna bully me. Y'all always bullying me.

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Speaker 2: Okay, now it's time for y'all to tell us would

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Speaker 2: you go to space? Yes or no? If you take

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Speaker 2: a look in the app right now, you'll see the

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Speaker 2: poll at the bottom. Let us know would you go

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Speaker 2: to space? Yes or no? And also jump in our

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Speaker 2: dms or respond to our story on Instagram because we

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Speaker 2: really do want to hear I want to know why

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Speaker 2: you're going or why you're not going.

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Speaker 3: You didn't say, are you going?

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Speaker 2: Oh, I'm in their life swim, We're terrified.

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Speaker 3: I'm going scared.

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Speaker 2: Okay, I'm going scared, straight to space. Everybody's going to space.

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Speaker 2: When William Shatner went, I said, hey, I think I'm eligible.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, he took offense to everybody asking his age, but

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Speaker 3: it's a valid question.

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Speaker 2: I mean, he's pretty much up there. So and how

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Speaker 2: do you get on the list? I saw Michael Strahan

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Speaker 2: went recently, I.

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Speaker 3: Don't know what the qualifications are, but Michael Strahan, William Shaddner,

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Speaker 3: I don't know who's next.

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Speaker 2: And that made us ask a lot of questions. Specifically,

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Speaker 2: we wanted to know more about the history of space exploration,

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Speaker 2: how commercial space flights impact space exploration, and what that

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Speaker 2: could mean for the future.

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Speaker 3: All right, let's get into the recitation.

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Speaker 2: So what do we know, Well, we are seeing quite

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Speaker 2: a bit of dust being kicked up from the private

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Speaker 2: space company SpaceX, Blue Origin, Virgin Galactic. Everybody is taking

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Speaker 2: this thing to space.

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Speaker 3: And like we said, they have been taking a lot

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Speaker 3: of celebrities and the folks with the coin because going

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Speaker 3: to space is not.

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Speaker 2: Cheap going across the country is not cheap.

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Speaker 3: Ain't no spirit flights to space?

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Speaker 2: Okay, you know there's not any spirit flights anymore anyway, Right,

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Speaker 2: they were just bought. Now, if I see Jeb Blue

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Speaker 2: going to space, you're taking on too many risks. That's

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Speaker 2: I'm going to tell anybody that has a ticket, that's

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Speaker 2: just you're taking it too far.

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Speaker 3: Right, this is gonna be a slingshot. They're gonna put

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Speaker 3: you in a slingshot and just let it happen.

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Speaker 2: But even though we're joking around, there seems to be

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Speaker 2: a lot of excitement about and potential related to space exploration.

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Speaker 3: Absolutely, there's so much to be discovered in space. But

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Speaker 3: because we don't know that much, that means there's a

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Speaker 3: lot of unknowns. So it kind of makes you go,

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Speaker 3: I don't know when you start thinking about just sending regular, regular,

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Speaker 3: regular people into.

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Speaker 2: Space, and so what do we want to know? So

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Speaker 2: I want to know.

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Speaker 3: Kind of the history of space exploration, who were the

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Speaker 3: first folks to think about space and what questions were

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Speaker 3: they asking and trying to answer?

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Speaker 2: And I want to know how we got here. I

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Speaker 2: feel like I was just minding my business and then

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Speaker 2: everybody was going to space, like, was this secretly happening?

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Speaker 2: How did it become so popular? How did these people

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Speaker 2: get on these lists? You know, was there space flight

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Speaker 2: before Instagram when people couldn't post about it?

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Speaker 3: And I want to know what do we need to

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Speaker 3: be thinking about for the future. I mean, you know,

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Speaker 3: it's not going to just stop with those quick flights

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Speaker 3: up and down. Are people going to start trying to

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Speaker 3: living space? Are people going to be having hotels up there?

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Speaker 3: Is there going to be Spotify space? If so, sign

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Speaker 3: me up? Is that a part of my premium membership?

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Speaker 3: My subscription.

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Speaker 2: Let's jump into the dissection.

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Speaker 3: Our guest for today's Lab is doctor Jordan Beim.

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Speaker 1: I'm doctor Jordan Bim. I'm a space historian at the

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Speaker 1: University of Chicago. My research focuses on the hitt of

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Speaker 1: space medicine and astrobiology. The best spaceship is friendship.

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Speaker 2: Doctor Bim is working on a book called Anticipating the

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Speaker 2: Astronaut and it's all about the history of space medicine

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Speaker 2: pre NASA. It's coming out next year with MIT Press.

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Speaker 2: And since he's a space historian, we knew he could

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Speaker 2: take us back into time. Okay, so The first thing

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Speaker 2: that we wanted to know was when humans were first

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Speaker 2: thinking about going into space, what were they thinking about

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Speaker 2: and what did exploration look like.

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Speaker 1: We've been going to space for over sixty years, but

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Speaker 1: humans have been thinking about going to space for almost

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Speaker 1: as long as we have written records. The earliest space

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Speaker 1: sciences were visual observations of the cosmos, and that was

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Speaker 1: done just with the naked eye for many years, and

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Speaker 1: then starting in the sixteen hundreds, it was the telescope.

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Speaker 2: The telescope was the main instrument for exploring space until

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Speaker 2: the beginning of the twentieth century, and telescopes are still

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Speaker 2: important for space exploration today. Doctor Bim told us it

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Speaker 2: wasn't until nineteen forty five, at the end of World

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Speaker 2: War Two, that we developed technology to actually reach space.

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Speaker 1: So most people think that space exploration starts with NASA,

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Speaker 1: which was founded in nineteen fifty eight. But what my

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Speaker 1: research as a space historian focuses on is this missing

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Speaker 1: ten years or so where it was actually done in

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Speaker 1: the military, mostly the US Air Force. And the context

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Speaker 1: there is the Cold War, which was a military competition

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Speaker 1: between the United States and the Soviet Union. It was

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Speaker 1: framed by the fear of nuclear annihilation and the delivery

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Speaker 1: of atomic weapons. Someone said, hey, instead of putting a

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Speaker 1: warhead on top of a rocket, what if we put

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Speaker 1: a little capsule and a human in there. What could

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Speaker 1: we do with that?

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Speaker 3: Now?

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Speaker 2: Why would they say that?

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Speaker 3: That is not my next? No line up thinking.

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Speaker 2: Instead of a warhead, what about a real head?

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Speaker 3: Right like that, Doctor Bem shared, it's important to understand

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Speaker 3: how the military shaped the history of space exploration and research.

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Speaker 1: I always say history matters. You know, the past isn't

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Speaker 1: really past. The past is all around us, and that

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Speaker 1: counts for space as well. And it's my mission to

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Speaker 1: recover those missing stories.

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Speaker 2: One of those missing stories includes Werner von Bront, a

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Speaker 2: former Nazi and rocket engineer who was brought over to

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Speaker 2: the United States by our government as part of a

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Speaker 2: secret program called Operation Papercliff. And in this program, the

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Speaker 2: United States brought over sixteen hundred German scientists, regardless of

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Speaker 2: war crimes, to work against the Soviet Union and with

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Speaker 2: the United States.

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Speaker 1: And so many people know that Verner von Brown and

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Speaker 1: his team of Nazi rocket scientists built the rockets that

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Speaker 1: took us to the moon. But what most people don't

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Speaker 1: know is that doctors and psychologists came over as well,

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Speaker 1: and they worked on the human who would ride inside

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Speaker 1: that rocket. So the early history of the field of

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Speaker 1: space medicine, which I write about in the US Air Force,

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Speaker 1: it's not American doctors and psychologists, it's former Luftwaffe doctors

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Speaker 1: and psychologists. And they did not check their ideas about

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Speaker 1: the perfectibility of certain humans at Ellis Island. When they

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Speaker 1: came to the United States, they wove that into knowledge

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Speaker 1: about the human body in the extreme environment of outer space.

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Speaker 1: So when you look at the first astronaut groups and

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Speaker 1: there are seven white male military test pilots, like all

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Speaker 1: the same size, you know, the only thing that's different

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Speaker 1: is like their haircut and their tie or something. It

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Speaker 1: kind of is this low key eugenics that gets in there,

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Speaker 1: and we see the ripple effects of that. Even today,

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Speaker 1: we're still trying to fight for diversity and equity of

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Speaker 1: access to space because there has been this entrenched normal

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Speaker 1: of the sort of white male body as space normal,

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Speaker 1: which it's not.

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Speaker 2: You know, this gets back to what we talked about

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Speaker 2: with Angela sayani H in Skin Deep Lap twenty five.

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Speaker 3: Absolutely, how our.

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Speaker 2: Historical underpinnings, what was going on in the world at

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Speaker 2: that time affects the science that was being done, and

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Speaker 2: we look back at it and say, the science doesn't

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Speaker 2: lie of what baby, The science is biased. Okay, absolutely,

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Speaker 2: and we're still reeling from those effects today. Yeah.

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Speaker 3: When you take a look back at all of the

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Speaker 3: earliest you know, bright minds that people talk about in

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Speaker 3: reference Darwin, all these folks they were racist, and they

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Speaker 3: had verrely racist ideologies that they baked into their science,

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Speaker 3: and that was the science that was then canonized by

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Speaker 3: the scientific community. So we accepted as fact. And there's

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Speaker 3: science that's built on top of that. So even though

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Speaker 3: we are hundreds of years post those thoughts and we think, oh,

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Speaker 3: we're progressive, we're scientists. No, the roots, the foundation of

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Speaker 3: some of these scientific principles are biased and racist.

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Speaker 2: We even see this in entertainment where people are upset

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Speaker 2: about black people being in Marvel movies and being guardians

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Speaker 2: of the galaxy. Hey, we talked about space people and

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Speaker 2: you think they should all look like white man. That's

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Speaker 2: wild to me.

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Speaker 3: I also saw a raccoon that y'all don't have no

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Speaker 3: objections to that, or a piece of wood. I don't

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Speaker 3: watch these Marvel movies, So I don't really know, Like

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Speaker 3: there was a tree, that's all. But black folks aren't okay.

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Speaker 3: Something's happening here. Spoiler alert, it's racism.

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Speaker 2: So when we get to moving from warhead to human

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Speaker 2: hit going to space, the first question scientists wanted to

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Speaker 2: answer was could the human body actually survive in space?

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Speaker 1: Can the human body survive the rigors of space travel,

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Speaker 1: which include intense acceleration and deceleration, exposure to low pressure

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Speaker 1: environments inside the cabin, perhaps temperature extremes of heat and cold,

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Speaker 1: things like that.

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Speaker 3: The United States began to answer these questions with Project Mercury,

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Speaker 3: NASA's first human space flight program, and it started in

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Speaker 3: nineteen fifty eight and had its first flight, the Mercury

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Speaker 3: Redstone three, in nineteen sixty one.

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Speaker 1: And those early space flights proved that for a short

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Speaker 1: period of time, human body can survive those stresses. And

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Speaker 1: then as we moved into longer duration missions like the

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Speaker 1: famous Apollo missions that took us into deep space into

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Speaker 1: the Moon, we learned that the transit from the Earth

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Speaker 1: the Moon is possible. Remote field work on the extreme

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Speaker 1: environment of the lunar is possible. It's possible to do

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Speaker 1: science in these distant, hazardous places.

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Speaker 2: We've learned a lot in the past sixty years about

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Speaker 2: sending humans to space, but there's still so much to

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Speaker 2: learn and so many more open questions. For instance, we

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Speaker 2: don't know how well people will do in longer space flights,

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Speaker 2: like beyond a year, so it could be a while

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Speaker 2: before we're all thinking about living on Mars.

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Speaker 3: Okay, so let's recap. We've talked about how the history

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Speaker 3: of space exploration was rooted in the military, in some

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Speaker 3: problematic history in early space research, and since the Cold War,

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Speaker 3: space exploration and research has been more scientific inquiry focused.

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Speaker 3: With the founding of NASA, so in nineteen sixty nine

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Speaker 3: we put a man on the Moon and in nineteen

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Speaker 3: ninety eight we launched the International Space Station. But recently

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Speaker 3: we've seen a boom in commercial space flight opportunities offered

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Speaker 3: by private companies.

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Speaker 1: We have seen this transformation from military to science now

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Speaker 1: to what I would call experience and experience that is

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Speaker 1: for sale. The thing that's really interesting is that the

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Speaker 1: answer to the question of what space is for, whether

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Speaker 1: it's for military, whether it's for science, whether it's for experience,

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Speaker 1: is always linked to who space is for. So it's

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Speaker 1: for military, then you send soldiers. If it's for science,

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Speaker 1: you send scientists, engineers, and doctors. And if it's for experience,

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Speaker 1: well then it's who has the money to pay for

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Speaker 1: that and who they select as their chosen companions.

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Speaker 2: That's a really interesting point. As the goals of space

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Speaker 2: exploration and travel shift, who is able to travel also changes.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, and while this shift to commercial space flight feels new,

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Speaker 3: it's actually been going on a lot longer, right under

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Speaker 3: our noses.

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Speaker 1: The commercialization of space began about twenty years ago with

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Speaker 1: flights to the International Space Station that were sold by

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Speaker 1: a company called Space Adventures. When the Soviet Union collapsed

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Speaker 1: in nineteen ninety one, they had this space program and

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Speaker 1: all of a sudden they needed money. So, you know,

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Speaker 1: they just tried to sell spare seats on their Soyu's

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Speaker 1: capsuless that's wild.

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Speaker 2: So basically the government had a arc.

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Speaker 1: You could basically buy a seat on a Soyu's space

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Speaker 1: capsule launching from Russia, and about twenty or so people

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Speaker 1: chose that route, and it was maybe twenty million dollars

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Speaker 1: for a seat.

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Speaker 2: That's crowdfunding was twenty million for a seat. That's wild.

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Speaker 2: So doctor bim is saying that when I was on

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Speaker 2: AOL instant messenger, people were buying discount seats to crowdfund

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Speaker 2: their government to go to space. Ooh, like that's wild

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Speaker 2: to me.

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Speaker 3: It is, it is, I can't believe this was happening,

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Speaker 3: And it feels like no one knows.

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Speaker 2: Nobody knew.

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Speaker 1: So it wasn't like they were a company that created

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Speaker 1: a whole new infrastructure. They were basically selling something they

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Speaker 1: already had as a way to generate income to keep

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Speaker 1: their space program going.

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Speaker 3: Commercial spaceflight has expanded since the first Space Adventures flight

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Speaker 3: to the International Space Station in two thousand and one.

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Speaker 3: Today there are several companies that offer sub orbital or

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Speaker 3: low Earth orbit flights, and ticket prices start at four

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Speaker 3: hundred and fifty thousand dollars and go up from there.

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Speaker 1: What we've seen with SpaceX, Blue Origin, Virgin Galactic is

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Speaker 1: the creation of an entirely new sets of infrastructure, and

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Speaker 1: the key of this is reusability. And I'm sure we've

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Speaker 1: all seen those videos of those rockets coming back and

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Speaker 1: landing back on Earth with their stabilizers out. That is

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Speaker 1: this sort of key technological innovation that is allowing these

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Speaker 1: companies to lower the price of a space launch, which

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Speaker 1: before was so expensive that it was really only governments

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Speaker 1: that could manage that. But now we're seeing, you know,

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Speaker 1: the ascent of the billionaire class coming out of the

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Speaker 1: Internet boom. They have money to basically start a space program,

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Speaker 1: which is crazy, but it's happening now.

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Speaker 2: I got to stop you, because while the price might

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Speaker 2: be getting lower, it's definitely not affordable.

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Speaker 3: No affordable for Diddy. So let's say someone does have

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Speaker 3: the money to go to space, can anyone go? I

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Speaker 3: saw William Shatner went up there, and he's pretty old,

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Speaker 3: and I would hope that there is some health criteria

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Speaker 3: for space travel, not just the coins. But if there

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Speaker 3: isn't should there be?

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Speaker 1: He was ninety years old. And also Wally Funk, a

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Speaker 1: amazing woman pilot who was part of a very early

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Speaker 1: space medicine research program, got the chance to go to

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Speaker 1: space as well, and I believe she was eighty two

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Speaker 1: years old. So what we've seen is that people who

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Speaker 1: are not these sort of eugenic specimens that we were

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Speaker 1: sending to space in the nineteen sixties can also survive

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Speaker 1: at least a short duration spaceflight. But that doesn't mean

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Speaker 1: that anybody can go to space. Space does actually challenge

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Speaker 1: the human body in lots of ways. I'm not talking

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Speaker 1: about the vacuum of space, but the environment inside the

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Speaker 1: space capsule is usually a low pressure environment. There's the

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Speaker 1: problem of weightlessness or zero G. So there are aspects

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Speaker 1: of the body that do need to be checked out beforehand,

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Speaker 1: because you don't want someone to become sick in space

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Speaker 1: or Heaven forbid, you know, die there.

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Speaker 2: I think something that we often overlook is that the

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Speaker 2: whole way we understand and study our bodies is with gravity. Like,

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Speaker 2: as we stand and exist here now, gravity is being

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Speaker 2: enacted on us. That's a force that's enacted on us.

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Speaker 2: It ensures that our blood maintains an optimum blood pressure level.

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Speaker 2: Your heart is pumping to pump your blood up against

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Speaker 2: the force of gravity, your organs being situated, all of

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Speaker 2: your muscles, and your scalear structure, all that stuff is

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Speaker 2: operating under the pressure of gravity. But when you move

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Speaker 2: to a gravity list environment or an environment that has

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Speaker 2: so little gravity that it's basically negligible, that changes things.

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Speaker 2: And you can imagine that over time being in that environment,

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Speaker 2: that will continue to change and affect how your body

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Speaker 2: operates too.

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Speaker 3: My little sister, who is a very smart woman. She's

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Speaker 3: an aerospace engineer. She just did a zero gravity flight

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Speaker 3: and let me tell you, she said it was not

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Speaker 3: for the faint of heart. It was tough, like really

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Speaker 3: tough on the body. She did really well and was

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Speaker 3: able to pull off all the experiences that she needed

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Speaker 3: to do. But the description it didn't sound like something

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Speaker 3: I wanted to do, Like, I don't like roller coasters.

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Speaker 3: There's no way I'm finding zero G.

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Speaker 2: You know, another consideration beyond just like do you have

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Speaker 2: the stomach for it? Is the training and selection process

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Speaker 2: for commercial space flight. So you know, whenever I watch

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Speaker 2: these documentaries about people going to space and NASA, they

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Speaker 2: have years of training, and I know these people getting

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Speaker 2: on these flights are only getting a few days at best.

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Speaker 2: So even though the financial barriers are high, it feels

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Speaker 2: like the barrier to entry is lower because a few

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Speaker 2: days of training does not equal a few years. Okay,

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Speaker 2: So let's say you have the money and you're physically

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Speaker 2: cleared to go on a commercial space flight.

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Speaker 3: What are people doing up there? Well, what's on the itinerary?

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Speaker 1: When people started going to space as tourists, they initially

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Speaker 1: were going on those Russian rockets to the International Space Station,

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Speaker 1: and there'd only be one of them at a time.

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Speaker 1: So you're basically going to be up on the space

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Speaker 1: station with a bunch of professional astronauts. You're not really

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Speaker 1: going to be able to choose whatever you want to

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Speaker 1: do at any given moment. What you want to do

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Speaker 1: has to fit in with their busy research schedules and

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Speaker 1: station upkeep schedules. But last September, when we saw the

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Speaker 1: Inspiration four flight, which was an early SpaceX orbital flight

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Speaker 1: and was called the first all civilian space flight, that

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Speaker 1: was sort of a turning point where they could choose

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Speaker 1: whatever they wanted to do in that orbiting space capsule.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, and that flight, Inspiration four, was actually privately chartered

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Speaker 3: by a billionaire named Jared Isaacman, and it launched September

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Speaker 3: fifteenth of twenty twenty one, and the purpose of this

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Speaker 3: launch was to raise money for Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital.

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Speaker 2: And you know what's really interesting is that doctor Bim

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Speaker 2: told us, people on that flight chose to reference back

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Speaker 2: to the previous goals of space travel and exploration.

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Speaker 1: So in their training, they always appeared in military jets.

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Speaker 1: They always appeared dressed in like flight suits, as if

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Speaker 1: they were soldiers, and then when they were up there,

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Speaker 1: they made sure to tell everyone that they had a

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Speaker 1: scientific research program that they were doing.

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Speaker 2: I like this, So basically, so they're playing dress up. Yea,

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Speaker 2: they think this is what they should do if they

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Speaker 2: go to space.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, It's like when you go to Paris and you

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Speaker 3: see the Eiffel Tower, or in New York when you

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Speaker 3: see the Empire State Building or a Times Square.

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Speaker 2: It just felt like that was part of their generation

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Speaker 2: checklist for space vacation.

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Speaker 3: You got to get a beret when you're in Paris.

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Speaker 2: Doctor Bim says people shouldn't be ashamed to go to

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Speaker 2: space and not do science.

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Speaker 1: I feel like there's some pressure to like perform or

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Speaker 1: like recreate the sort of hits of the past that

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Speaker 1: people are expecting from like the cultural history of space exploration.

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Speaker 1: But like I'm waiting for someone who just wants to

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Speaker 1: go up and say I'm just here to chill and

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Speaker 1: look at the view, you know, or like I want

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Speaker 1: to go up there and like write a play, do

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Speaker 1: some art.

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Speaker 2: In some ways, it feels like traveling to space, like

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Speaker 2: the TODA, the razzle, dazzle of it is the journey.

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Speaker 2: But I think you do have to consider, like, Okay,

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Speaker 2: if we start having these longer flights, like all right,

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Speaker 2: we're up here, you know what do we do?

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Speaker 3: I know what I'm gonna do. I'm definitely taking a

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Speaker 3: selfie with Earth. Okay, I'm waiting until you know, I

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Speaker 3: can see, like right where my house is, and I'm

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Speaker 3: gonna try and point and get the right selfie angle

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Speaker 3: and smile like geez posting that on my Instagram. I'm

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Speaker 3: gonna try and get some TikTok's flowing through the capsule.

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Speaker 3: I gotta start thinking of captions now, nobody can hold

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Speaker 3: me down something like that, you know what I mean,

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Speaker 3: Like it writes itself.

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Speaker 2: Oh my goodness, so TT obviously has a plan. I

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Speaker 2: can't even imagine my feet off the ground, especially not

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Speaker 2: that far up. Okay, let's take a break and when

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Speaker 2: we come back, we'll talk about some of the downsides

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Speaker 2: or precautions we should think about when it comes to

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Speaker 2: the future of space exploration.

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Speaker 3: We're back, and before we jump back into today's lab,

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Speaker 3: let's talk about next week's lab. Next week we're talking

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Speaker 3: all about friendship. Now, I know you remember our last

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Speaker 3: lab on friendship when we brought doctor Marissa g Franco

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Speaker 3: back to talk a little bit more about how to

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Speaker 3: make and keep your friends as adults.

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Speaker 2: But for now, let's get back to today's lab with doctor

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Speaker 2: Jordan Beim, where we're talking about the history of space

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Speaker 2: exploration and commercial space flight. We've come so far from

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Speaker 2: gazing up at the Cosmos, but there's still so much

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Speaker 2: to discover about space. There's a lot of possibility, which

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Speaker 2: feels really exciting. But what do we need to watch

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Speaker 2: out for. What are we going to look back on

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Speaker 2: and wish we did different?

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Speaker 3: You know, those are some really important questions, especially since

440
00:23:03,359 --> 00:23:06,760
Speaker 3: we know certain companies are interested in building space hotels,

441
00:23:07,320 --> 00:23:10,359
Speaker 3: settling on other planets, and finding ways to make a

442
00:23:10,359 --> 00:23:11,439
Speaker 3: profit off of space.

443
00:23:11,760 --> 00:23:13,600
Speaker 1: I worry that there's actually a lot of negatives that

444
00:23:13,640 --> 00:23:16,000
Speaker 1: we don't perceive because there is this sort of a

445
00:23:16,040 --> 00:23:18,320
Speaker 1: popular fascination without her space. A lot of people think

446
00:23:18,320 --> 00:23:22,959
Speaker 1: of space as like a utopian place where we transform ourselves.

447
00:23:23,200 --> 00:23:26,359
Speaker 1: I worry deeply about who is holding the keys to space.

448
00:23:26,680 --> 00:23:29,040
Speaker 1: And it was bad enough when it was NASA controlling

449
00:23:29,080 --> 00:23:30,760
Speaker 1: who gets to go to space. They were at least

450
00:23:30,760 --> 00:23:33,520
Speaker 1: a government agency that had oversight from Congress, but now

451
00:23:33,560 --> 00:23:35,960
Speaker 1: it's in the hands of private companies, and that changes

452
00:23:36,000 --> 00:23:38,480
Speaker 1: the information environment drastically.

453
00:23:38,840 --> 00:23:41,719
Speaker 2: Doctor Bim says, we should really pay attention, you know,

454
00:23:41,760 --> 00:23:44,800
Speaker 2: who's making decisions about space and what's the narrative that's

455
00:23:44,800 --> 00:23:46,840
Speaker 2: being told about these commercial flights.

456
00:23:47,040 --> 00:23:49,919
Speaker 1: When I see these commercial space flights that have, you know,

457
00:23:50,000 --> 00:23:52,520
Speaker 1: a bunch of billionaires or millionaires and then like one

458
00:23:52,600 --> 00:23:56,320
Speaker 1: or two chosen celebrities or people who have really sympathetic stories,

459
00:23:56,600 --> 00:23:59,000
Speaker 1: I worry that those people are selected basically just to

460
00:23:59,040 --> 00:24:01,359
Speaker 1: help them control the air, so that you talk about

461
00:24:01,400 --> 00:24:03,560
Speaker 1: your Wally Funk, but you don't talk about who is

462
00:24:03,600 --> 00:24:05,879
Speaker 1: in the seat next to her, Jeff Bezos and the

463
00:24:05,920 --> 00:24:09,000
Speaker 1: climate impacts of his empire, where it's like, look over here,

464
00:24:09,040 --> 00:24:11,240
Speaker 1: look at this person who really deserves to go to space,

465
00:24:11,280 --> 00:24:12,800
Speaker 1: and it's really cool to go into space, But don't

466
00:24:12,800 --> 00:24:16,200
Speaker 1: look over here at like the whole larger thing about

467
00:24:16,280 --> 00:24:19,359
Speaker 1: Elon Musk's plans for putting people on Mars and starting

468
00:24:19,359 --> 00:24:22,879
Speaker 1: a city there, Like you don't need a crystal ball

469
00:24:23,280 --> 00:24:25,639
Speaker 1: to know how he's going to treat laborers in his

470
00:24:25,760 --> 00:24:28,640
Speaker 1: Martian city. Just look at how workers in his Earth

471
00:24:28,680 --> 00:24:31,600
Speaker 1: companies get treated and that to me is a huge

472
00:24:31,680 --> 00:24:34,560
Speaker 1: red flag that we're not going in the right direction

473
00:24:34,680 --> 00:24:37,360
Speaker 1: here and it's time for a course correction. To use

474
00:24:37,520 --> 00:24:39,400
Speaker 1: an astronautical term, I.

475
00:24:39,320 --> 00:24:42,080
Speaker 3: Think this is such a great point, and we already

476
00:24:42,080 --> 00:24:46,840
Speaker 3: see similar red flags happening with meta the Facebook world,

477
00:24:47,280 --> 00:24:49,239
Speaker 3: where people are going to be living kind of in

478
00:24:49,320 --> 00:24:52,520
Speaker 3: virtual reality. When that was announced, very rich people started

479
00:24:52,600 --> 00:24:56,119
Speaker 3: buying up a lot of meta land in the Metaverse,

480
00:24:56,320 --> 00:24:59,320
Speaker 3: which could have ripple effects later on when other people

481
00:24:59,320 --> 00:25:01,640
Speaker 3: want to engage with the metaverse and now they have

482
00:25:01,680 --> 00:25:04,359
Speaker 3: to purchase land from someone else who can determine the

483
00:25:04,359 --> 00:25:04,919
Speaker 3: price of it.

484
00:25:05,320 --> 00:25:09,200
Speaker 2: And when we're thinking about people with this much money

485
00:25:09,280 --> 00:25:11,760
Speaker 2: and power that they are in the position to put

486
00:25:11,800 --> 00:25:14,879
Speaker 2: a city on Mars, I don't think osha, And you

487
00:25:14,880 --> 00:25:17,520
Speaker 2: know the labor laws here are gonna apply there, and

488
00:25:17,600 --> 00:25:21,720
Speaker 2: quite frankly, I feel like Martians could be about about it.

489
00:25:22,040 --> 00:25:27,040
Speaker 2: So are there any regulations for taking up space in space? Ah?

490
00:25:28,680 --> 00:25:30,000
Speaker 2: You know, we might be.

491
00:25:30,359 --> 00:25:32,280
Speaker 3: Marsians wanted to smoke action.

492
00:25:32,800 --> 00:25:36,800
Speaker 2: Yeah we're weak, but the Martians might have something else

493
00:25:36,880 --> 00:25:39,199
Speaker 2: up to sleeve. They don't even have sleeves.

494
00:25:39,359 --> 00:25:44,399
Speaker 3: Every alien movie proves that the aliens are smarter and

495
00:25:44,600 --> 00:25:48,879
Speaker 3: stronger and oftentimes way bigger than us. We don't stand

496
00:25:48,880 --> 00:25:52,040
Speaker 3: a chance. We don't good luck in Gotham City. On Mars.

497
00:25:54,000 --> 00:25:57,040
Speaker 2: We're gonna be underground. We're not gonna get no sun.

498
00:26:03,119 --> 00:26:05,919
Speaker 3: Doctor Bim says. The issue of taking up space in

499
00:26:06,080 --> 00:26:08,919
Speaker 3: space is something we need to be thinking about.

500
00:26:09,119 --> 00:26:10,959
Speaker 1: That's going to be a huge issue. It already is

501
00:26:11,080 --> 00:26:13,480
Speaker 1: when it comes to the topic of space junk. There's

502
00:26:13,480 --> 00:26:15,640
Speaker 1: a huge amount of space around the Earth, but we're

503
00:26:15,720 --> 00:26:18,320
Speaker 1: taking it up, and there's tens of thousands of things

504
00:26:18,400 --> 00:26:21,280
Speaker 1: up there now, and eventually we're going to reach a limit.

505
00:26:21,400 --> 00:26:25,119
Speaker 1: And there's this theoretical concept called the Kessler syndrome where

506
00:26:25,240 --> 00:26:27,800
Speaker 1: if things get so dense, one collision can start, three

507
00:26:27,840 --> 00:26:31,560
Speaker 1: collisions can start, nine collisions. Then it's just like exponential disaster.

508
00:26:31,680 --> 00:26:34,080
Speaker 1: That was the concept behind the movie Gravity. It's a

509
00:26:34,119 --> 00:26:36,280
Speaker 1: real problem that we have to contend with of how

510
00:26:36,320 --> 00:26:38,840
Speaker 1: to protect the environment of low Earth orbit. It is

511
00:26:38,840 --> 00:26:40,840
Speaker 1: an environment. You know, the environment does not end at

512
00:26:40,880 --> 00:26:42,040
Speaker 1: the top of the atmosphere.

513
00:26:42,359 --> 00:26:44,639
Speaker 3: We just saw an article about space junk.

514
00:26:44,880 --> 00:26:47,520
Speaker 2: Yeah, stuff is falling from the sky.

515
00:26:48,840 --> 00:26:52,520
Speaker 3: Yeah, And typically when stuff falls from space, it falls

516
00:26:52,560 --> 00:26:54,320
Speaker 3: into the ocean, so we don't care. But we just

517
00:26:54,320 --> 00:26:57,920
Speaker 3: saw an article where it actually fell into a sheep farm,

518
00:26:58,280 --> 00:27:01,399
Speaker 3: So now it's getting a little bit too close for comfort. Yeah,

519
00:27:01,440 --> 00:27:05,000
Speaker 3: we have to start thinking about this because as we

520
00:27:05,080 --> 00:27:07,640
Speaker 3: start taking more opportunities to go to space and people

521
00:27:07,680 --> 00:27:11,600
Speaker 3: are thinking about doing more space flights, that means more

522
00:27:12,000 --> 00:27:12,800
Speaker 3: space junk.

523
00:27:13,000 --> 00:27:14,600
Speaker 2: I feel like it's basically going to be like National

524
00:27:14,640 --> 00:27:16,399
Speaker 2: Parks when they're telling people to pick up their trash,

525
00:27:16,520 --> 00:27:18,800
Speaker 2: pack up whatever you brought in.

526
00:27:18,920 --> 00:27:20,399
Speaker 3: Leave no trace in space.

527
00:27:20,600 --> 00:27:23,080
Speaker 2: Right there you go. That's the slogan, reach out to

528
00:27:23,080 --> 00:27:25,399
Speaker 2: TT for more space slogans.

529
00:27:25,480 --> 00:27:27,159
Speaker 3: I'll put it on a T shirt. Yeah, I'll put

530
00:27:27,160 --> 00:27:27,840
Speaker 3: it on a T shirt.

531
00:27:30,520 --> 00:27:32,960
Speaker 1: The environment does not end at the top of the atmosphere,

532
00:27:33,119 --> 00:27:36,320
Speaker 1: but there is no FAA for space yet that is

533
00:27:36,359 --> 00:27:39,480
Speaker 1: going to regulate the creation of a space hotel. And

534
00:27:39,480 --> 00:27:42,080
Speaker 1: then you run into like all of these legal issues,

535
00:27:42,240 --> 00:27:45,560
Speaker 1: like which countries laws govern that space hotel.

536
00:27:46,000 --> 00:27:49,960
Speaker 3: Commercial space flight companies are subject to the Federal Aviation

537
00:27:50,040 --> 00:27:53,760
Speaker 3: Administration or the FAA their regulations because they pass through

538
00:27:53,800 --> 00:27:56,440
Speaker 3: the atmosphere on the way up to space and back

539
00:27:56,520 --> 00:27:59,200
Speaker 3: down the Earth. And doctor Bim says there's been friction

540
00:27:59,359 --> 00:28:03,040
Speaker 3: between space companies and the FAA, and that space travel

541
00:28:03,080 --> 00:28:06,080
Speaker 3: is starting to go beyond the scope of the existing laws.

542
00:28:06,480 --> 00:28:09,000
Speaker 1: That can be problematic because then it just becomes sort

543
00:28:09,040 --> 00:28:11,200
Speaker 1: of like a first mover's game. Who has the money

544
00:28:11,200 --> 00:28:13,240
Speaker 1: in the power to do something, especially if doing it

545
00:28:13,280 --> 00:28:15,800
Speaker 1: in space. It's hard to enforce stuff like that, you know,

546
00:28:15,840 --> 00:28:18,600
Speaker 1: it's hard to say, you know, you can't do that. Well,

547
00:28:18,760 --> 00:28:22,520
Speaker 1: you know, stop me, you know is what maybe Elon

548
00:28:22,600 --> 00:28:24,960
Speaker 1: Musk would say to doing something on Mars, and like,

549
00:28:25,080 --> 00:28:28,000
Speaker 1: morally I would be like, yes, stop him, But practically

550
00:28:28,080 --> 00:28:29,879
Speaker 1: how do you do it? I worry though, that it

551
00:28:29,960 --> 00:28:32,280
Speaker 1: is an actor's game and that the laws will struggle

552
00:28:32,320 --> 00:28:32,840
Speaker 1: to keep up.

553
00:28:33,320 --> 00:28:38,200
Speaker 2: This is giving strong callbacks to colonialism. This feels like

554
00:28:38,240 --> 00:28:40,640
Speaker 2: the Europeans going to the Americas. You know, we got

555
00:28:40,640 --> 00:28:42,320
Speaker 2: to ask some questions, did we learn anything from that?

556
00:28:42,680 --> 00:28:46,240
Speaker 2: Should we even be trying to go into space? Should

557
00:28:46,240 --> 00:28:48,400
Speaker 2: we just you know, stay in our orbit, into the

558
00:28:48,480 --> 00:28:50,959
Speaker 2: rivers and lakes that we're used to. I think there

559
00:28:51,000 --> 00:28:53,320
Speaker 2: are so many frameworks for thinking about this.

560
00:28:53,760 --> 00:28:55,760
Speaker 3: Some people might be tempted to say, since there's no

561
00:28:55,840 --> 00:28:59,520
Speaker 3: one living in space currently, we can't be colonizers or

562
00:28:59,560 --> 00:29:03,440
Speaker 3: repeat the violence of European colonization, but doctor Bim says

563
00:29:03,760 --> 00:29:04,720
Speaker 3: that's not true.

564
00:29:04,880 --> 00:29:07,720
Speaker 1: We absolutely can I push back forcefully on that. And

565
00:29:07,760 --> 00:29:09,600
Speaker 1: the ways that we do that are, first, you can

566
00:29:09,720 --> 00:29:12,400
Speaker 1: enact colonial relationships on Earth to get you to space.

567
00:29:12,560 --> 00:29:14,400
Speaker 1: And you see that in different things like who are

568
00:29:14,440 --> 00:29:17,880
Speaker 1: medical test subjects for space medicine? Where are spaceports located

569
00:29:17,920 --> 00:29:20,800
Speaker 1: in the world. Do the locations of the spaceports benefit

570
00:29:20,840 --> 00:29:22,920
Speaker 1: the people who live around them? Do they have a

571
00:29:22,960 --> 00:29:25,240
Speaker 1: say in whether that spaceport gets there? And then the

572
00:29:25,280 --> 00:29:27,760
Speaker 1: second way that we can recreate the mistakes the past

573
00:29:27,800 --> 00:29:30,440
Speaker 1: is we can speak about space with a colonial rhetoric

574
00:29:30,480 --> 00:29:34,360
Speaker 1: without being critical of it. So talking about colonization, talking

575
00:29:34,400 --> 00:29:37,280
Speaker 1: about terraforming, this idea that we can just like go

576
00:29:37,360 --> 00:29:39,520
Speaker 1: to a planet and like take it over and make

577
00:29:39,560 --> 00:29:42,280
Speaker 1: it for us, that is an assumption that we got

578
00:29:42,280 --> 00:29:44,400
Speaker 1: to back up a number of steps and think about

579
00:29:44,440 --> 00:29:46,160
Speaker 1: whether or not that's the right way to think about

580
00:29:46,200 --> 00:29:48,320
Speaker 1: doing that, because a lot of times we're just skipping

581
00:29:48,400 --> 00:29:49,760
Speaker 1: right ahead to like, that's what we're doing.

582
00:29:49,960 --> 00:29:52,800
Speaker 3: I don't think most people are considering what doctor Bim

583
00:29:52,880 --> 00:29:54,920
Speaker 3: just said when they're saying, oh, let's live on the

584
00:29:54,920 --> 00:29:57,920
Speaker 3: moon or let's live on Mars. But that is absolutely

585
00:29:57,960 --> 00:30:01,120
Speaker 3: a colonial mentality of people like they can leave where

586
00:30:01,160 --> 00:30:04,280
Speaker 3: they are and inhabit another place just.

587
00:30:04,280 --> 00:30:08,560
Speaker 2: Because, just because they want to. Yeah, we're seeing this

588
00:30:08,680 --> 00:30:11,920
Speaker 2: all over. We especially saw it with remote workers. Oh yeah,

589
00:30:12,000 --> 00:30:14,400
Speaker 2: I saw folks just packing up and saying, now I'm

590
00:30:14,440 --> 00:30:16,680
Speaker 2: going to this other country because the cost of living

591
00:30:16,800 --> 00:30:18,880
Speaker 2: is lower. But you're not thinking about any of the

592
00:30:18,880 --> 00:30:21,640
Speaker 2: systems that are already in place, who you're displacing, how

593
00:30:21,680 --> 00:30:23,280
Speaker 2: you're exploiting folks, none of that.

594
00:30:23,640 --> 00:30:26,280
Speaker 3: Right there resources that they have available, And we're gonna

595
00:30:26,280 --> 00:30:29,360
Speaker 3: be talking a lot more about this in an upcoming

596
00:30:29,400 --> 00:30:32,840
Speaker 3: episode on eco tourism, So we're gonna step off our

597
00:30:32,840 --> 00:30:35,280
Speaker 3: soapbox really quickly on that and make sure you tune

598
00:30:35,280 --> 00:30:36,200
Speaker 3: into that episode.

599
00:30:36,360 --> 00:30:38,440
Speaker 2: Yes, but to bring it back to space we saw

600
00:30:38,520 --> 00:30:43,840
Speaker 2: SpaceX recently building a rocket factory in South Texas and

601
00:30:44,800 --> 00:30:49,240
Speaker 2: it affected the shore birds and other wildlife in that area.

602
00:30:49,560 --> 00:30:52,800
Speaker 2: And then they had an explosion and it spread debris

603
00:30:52,960 --> 00:30:56,440
Speaker 2: for five miles, including onto like a wildlife refuge.

604
00:30:56,600 --> 00:30:59,520
Speaker 3: Right, We've talked about this in past episodes. None of

605
00:30:59,520 --> 00:31:03,000
Speaker 3: these things is this in isolation. Once you start affecting

606
00:31:03,200 --> 00:31:06,360
Speaker 3: other species, the circle of life is real. It's not

607
00:31:06,520 --> 00:31:09,040
Speaker 3: going to just be Oh, it's just this five miles,

608
00:31:09,160 --> 00:31:13,600
Speaker 3: no big deal. The ripple effects from these types of interactions,

609
00:31:13,640 --> 00:31:16,959
Speaker 3: these negative interactions with our environment, We're going to feel it.

610
00:31:17,320 --> 00:31:19,520
Speaker 2: And while there's a lot of negatives to consider and

611
00:31:19,560 --> 00:31:21,760
Speaker 2: things we have to watch out for, there are also

612
00:31:22,160 --> 00:31:24,720
Speaker 2: a ton of positives and potentials too.

613
00:31:25,160 --> 00:31:27,800
Speaker 1: I think there's a huge potential for space to be

614
00:31:28,000 --> 00:31:31,400
Speaker 1: for good if we keep it for science and exploration,

615
00:31:31,720 --> 00:31:34,920
Speaker 1: not to exploit resources, not to exploit other human beings.

616
00:31:35,040 --> 00:31:38,120
Speaker 1: But if we go there humbly seeking knowledge, then that

617
00:31:38,160 --> 00:31:40,800
Speaker 1: can be really, really exciting. And I think probably the

618
00:31:40,840 --> 00:31:44,160
Speaker 1: most exciting aspect of it is the big question are

619
00:31:44,200 --> 00:31:47,160
Speaker 1: we alone in the universe? What is our place in

620
00:31:47,200 --> 00:31:50,880
Speaker 1: the cosmos? And we are close to answering that question.

621
00:31:51,160 --> 00:31:53,560
Speaker 1: You know, we have been looking at Mars for the

622
00:31:53,640 --> 00:31:56,680
Speaker 1: last forty years or so as potentially the best place

623
00:31:56,680 --> 00:31:59,040
Speaker 1: in the Solar System to perhaps find life. We have

624
00:31:59,200 --> 00:32:02,080
Speaker 1: not found it in our many flybys and orbits and

625
00:32:02,200 --> 00:32:05,520
Speaker 1: rovers on the surface, but there are new emerging sites

626
00:32:05,560 --> 00:32:08,480
Speaker 1: of astrobiological interest in our Solar system. And I'm talking

627
00:32:08,520 --> 00:32:11,560
Speaker 1: about the icy ocean world, moons of Jupiter and Saturn,

628
00:32:11,600 --> 00:32:15,160
Speaker 1: places like Europa and Enceladus, where underneath their thick icy

629
00:32:15,200 --> 00:32:18,600
Speaker 1: crust there could be a vibrant ocean filled with all

630
00:32:18,680 --> 00:32:21,959
Speaker 1: kinds of alien life that would just be fascinating to

631
00:32:22,120 --> 00:32:25,400
Speaker 1: see and explore in an ethical way. We can't just

632
00:32:25,440 --> 00:32:27,520
Speaker 1: go and take them and capture them. Can't do that,

633
00:32:27,560 --> 00:32:29,440
Speaker 1: but there are ways I think that we could, maybe

634
00:32:29,640 --> 00:32:32,320
Speaker 1: without being too invasive, visit them and see who's there.

635
00:32:32,520 --> 00:32:35,080
Speaker 3: This is a really great point, and I think that

636
00:32:35,120 --> 00:32:38,560
Speaker 3: there is a tiny bit of hope that we might

637
00:32:38,640 --> 00:32:42,240
Speaker 3: be able to explore space in an ethical way. There

638
00:32:42,320 --> 00:32:45,600
Speaker 3: is a United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, so

639
00:32:45,600 --> 00:32:48,800
Speaker 3: they operate similar to the United Nations that we know,

640
00:32:49,000 --> 00:32:51,400
Speaker 3: where they convene a lot of space experts and they

641
00:32:51,600 --> 00:32:55,560
Speaker 3: are able to make decisions about space issues and how

642
00:32:55,600 --> 00:33:00,400
Speaker 3: we should be interacting with space on an international level. Also,

643
00:33:00,640 --> 00:33:03,600
Speaker 3: just like the United Nations, the United Nations Office for

644
00:33:03,680 --> 00:33:08,200
Speaker 3: Outer Space Affairs, they have a very limited enforcement capacity,

645
00:33:08,320 --> 00:33:11,040
Speaker 3: so if folks are in violation, there may not be

646
00:33:11,240 --> 00:33:13,680
Speaker 3: much that they can do. But there is something called

647
00:33:13,680 --> 00:33:17,000
Speaker 3: the National Space Council, which you know has been around

648
00:33:17,120 --> 00:33:19,240
Speaker 3: for a long time, I think since nineteen eighty nine,

649
00:33:19,400 --> 00:33:22,800
Speaker 3: and it's chaired by Kamala Harris, our vice president, and

650
00:33:22,920 --> 00:33:26,520
Speaker 3: on September ninth, they're meeting to discuss a new rules

651
00:33:26,560 --> 00:33:31,080
Speaker 3: framework for commercial space, so that's including a potential partnership

652
00:33:31,080 --> 00:33:33,880
Speaker 3: between regulatory agencies and the private sector.

653
00:33:34,320 --> 00:33:37,560
Speaker 2: You know, this makes me think about the most exciting

654
00:33:37,760 --> 00:33:40,680
Speaker 2: recent news about the James web Telescope.

655
00:33:40,960 --> 00:33:44,520
Speaker 3: Yes, oh my gosh. The images that came out from

656
00:33:44,600 --> 00:33:48,480
Speaker 3: the telescope were breathtaking, honestly, and I think it got

657
00:33:48,520 --> 00:33:53,560
Speaker 3: a lot of people's minds moving about. Wow, this universe

658
00:33:53,680 --> 00:33:56,840
Speaker 3: is so vast, and when you think about how far

659
00:33:56,880 --> 00:34:01,200
Speaker 3: away those images were taken from, it's just I can't

660
00:34:01,200 --> 00:34:02,920
Speaker 3: think about it too much because, you know me, if

661
00:34:02,920 --> 00:34:05,760
Speaker 3: I start thinking about how big the universe is, I

662
00:34:05,960 --> 00:34:09,360
Speaker 3: start to feel like I am being crushed by the universe.

663
00:34:10,200 --> 00:34:12,520
Speaker 2: I mean, low key, who don't know.

664
00:34:12,640 --> 00:34:13,440
Speaker 3: I can't think about it.

665
00:34:13,440 --> 00:34:15,840
Speaker 2: It's a lot out there, friend, It's a lot to

666
00:34:15,840 --> 00:34:19,640
Speaker 2: feel crushed by. That's all I'll say. I think the

667
00:34:19,680 --> 00:34:23,360
Speaker 2: most exciting news for me from the James Webb telescope

668
00:34:23,440 --> 00:34:26,880
Speaker 2: was about the presence of water on an exoplanet, Like

669
00:34:26,920 --> 00:34:29,880
Speaker 2: they saw the potential because they saw what looked like

670
00:34:29,960 --> 00:34:33,799
Speaker 2: evidence of clouds, water, vapor, and hazes. And that's not

671
00:34:33,880 --> 00:34:34,560
Speaker 2: the only thing.

672
00:34:34,680 --> 00:34:37,080
Speaker 3: There's a team that was led by the University of

673
00:34:37,120 --> 00:34:43,680
Speaker 3: Montreal and they used observations from NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey satellite.

674
00:34:44,040 --> 00:34:47,600
Speaker 3: We'll call it Test for short, to discover an Earth

675
00:34:47,760 --> 00:34:50,520
Speaker 3: like exoplanet that could potentially support life.

676
00:34:51,080 --> 00:34:54,800
Speaker 2: Hey, one exoplanet door opens, we'll say another one closes,

677
00:34:54,840 --> 00:34:55,839
Speaker 2: but it seems like another one.

678
00:34:55,760 --> 00:34:59,520
Speaker 3: Opens, another opens, perpetual doors, door after door after door.

679
00:34:59,640 --> 00:35:01,560
Speaker 2: It's the Russian doll of planet.

680
00:35:02,040 --> 00:35:06,600
Speaker 1: Yes, it's that kind of thing that is going to

681
00:35:06,719 --> 00:35:10,120
Speaker 1: yield what we call a biosignature, which is not discovering

682
00:35:10,200 --> 00:35:13,560
Speaker 1: life itself, but discovering a sign that we know is

683
00:35:13,600 --> 00:35:16,960
Speaker 1: associated with biological processes. As a planetary level.

684
00:35:17,160 --> 00:35:19,920
Speaker 2: I feel like, you know, that gets us one step

685
00:35:20,000 --> 00:35:24,040
Speaker 2: closer for all space kind to lead communication.

686
00:35:24,239 --> 00:35:24,400
Speaker 3: You know.

687
00:35:24,880 --> 00:35:28,839
Speaker 1: Yeah, I think it's always really interesting to wonder what

688
00:35:28,920 --> 00:35:31,920
Speaker 1: is possible with space. And I am always skeptical of

689
00:35:32,000 --> 00:35:35,440
Speaker 1: anybody who says that space is our destiny or certain

690
00:35:35,719 --> 00:35:39,520
Speaker 1: engagements or uses of space are like preordained. Space is

691
00:35:39,520 --> 00:35:42,080
Speaker 1: a series of choices and it's always open for us.

692
00:35:42,360 --> 00:35:45,600
Speaker 1: Space is not a utopian, transformative place. Space is a

693
00:35:45,600 --> 00:35:48,120
Speaker 1: place where all of our earthly problems are reproduced or

694
00:35:48,160 --> 00:35:51,160
Speaker 1: even amplified, And we got to remember that. We can't

695
00:35:51,200 --> 00:35:53,200
Speaker 1: think of it as a separate realm. It's an extension

696
00:35:53,200 --> 00:35:54,520
Speaker 1: of us and our values.

697
00:35:54,800 --> 00:35:57,279
Speaker 3: It's really exciting, and it's a really exciting time to

698
00:35:57,400 --> 00:36:00,480
Speaker 3: be aware of what's going on and being to keep

699
00:36:00,520 --> 00:36:03,160
Speaker 3: track of it and seeing how far we've come. I mean,

700
00:36:03,320 --> 00:36:06,200
Speaker 3: we're talking about less than one hundred years that we've

701
00:36:06,239 --> 00:36:09,439
Speaker 3: been going to space, and now we have these really

702
00:36:09,480 --> 00:36:13,080
Speaker 3: amazing images. We know so much more. We've done a lot.

703
00:36:13,320 --> 00:36:15,560
Speaker 3: We've done a lot in a short amount of time.

704
00:36:15,800 --> 00:36:18,440
Speaker 2: Yeah, I think if I were to give us a grade,

705
00:36:18,480 --> 00:36:20,920
Speaker 2: we started out the first few semesters looking rough a

706
00:36:20,960 --> 00:36:24,640
Speaker 2: lot of military, a lot of the wrong ideas. But

707
00:36:24,680 --> 00:36:26,640
Speaker 2: I think, you know, at our midterms we kind of

708
00:36:26,640 --> 00:36:29,919
Speaker 2: turned it around. Only time will tell if we will

709
00:36:29,960 --> 00:36:31,760
Speaker 2: get an a moving forward.

710
00:36:31,880 --> 00:36:35,440
Speaker 3: Only time will sounds like my undergrad career turned off.

711
00:36:35,920 --> 00:36:47,319
Speaker 2: And look at you down getting paper all right, TC,

712
00:36:47,680 --> 00:36:48,560
Speaker 2: you ready for one thing?

713
00:36:49,719 --> 00:36:52,280
Speaker 3: I sure, am, what's your one thing? Ze?

714
00:36:52,760 --> 00:36:56,040
Speaker 2: My one thing this week is you know I said

715
00:36:56,480 --> 00:36:59,160
Speaker 2: I was interested in space, in learning about it, but

716
00:36:59,200 --> 00:37:01,440
Speaker 2: I think we should all ways take lessons from the

717
00:37:01,480 --> 00:37:06,120
Speaker 2: past and now this is fiction, but I think we

718
00:37:06,200 --> 00:37:07,840
Speaker 2: need to just make sure we're looking at it and

719
00:37:07,880 --> 00:37:10,960
Speaker 2: considering the lessons. There was a new movie called Pray

720
00:37:11,360 --> 00:37:14,000
Speaker 2: that just came out and it's kind of playing on

721
00:37:14,040 --> 00:37:18,200
Speaker 2: the Predator series of films. Pray is on Hulu and

722
00:37:18,400 --> 00:37:21,000
Speaker 2: I watched it and I loved it. So that's my

723
00:37:21,080 --> 00:37:23,279
Speaker 2: one thing, and I hope other folks are into it too.

724
00:37:23,320 --> 00:37:25,600
Speaker 2: If you're a science fiction person, I want to hear

725
00:37:25,600 --> 00:37:27,120
Speaker 2: from you. I want to know if you like Prey

726
00:37:27,560 --> 00:37:29,319
Speaker 2: or if you didn't like it, and if you didn't

727
00:37:29,360 --> 00:37:32,120
Speaker 2: like it, what else do you recommend? What's your one thing?

728
00:37:32,200 --> 00:37:36,799
Speaker 3: Tt My one thing this week is Serena Williams. So

729
00:37:36,960 --> 00:37:39,560
Speaker 3: when this episode comes out, it'll be a few weeks

730
00:37:39,600 --> 00:37:43,839
Speaker 3: post but she announced her retirement and I think it's

731
00:37:43,920 --> 00:37:48,560
Speaker 3: so exciting because I love when super athletes get the

732
00:37:48,600 --> 00:37:53,640
Speaker 3: opportunity to explore other sides of themselves. And I mean,

733
00:37:53,760 --> 00:37:57,040
Speaker 3: she's really into fashion. She had her own fashion line.

734
00:37:57,120 --> 00:38:00,319
Speaker 3: So my one thing this week is Serena Williams and

735
00:38:00,680 --> 00:38:04,040
Speaker 3: cheers in to her success as one of the greatest

736
00:38:04,040 --> 00:38:06,440
Speaker 3: athletes of all time, if not the greatest athlete of

737
00:38:06,440 --> 00:38:11,120
Speaker 3: all time and seeing what else she has to give

738
00:38:11,200 --> 00:38:12,600
Speaker 3: the world. I'm so excited.

739
00:38:19,920 --> 00:38:22,920
Speaker 2: Okay, that's it for Lab seventy seven. How are you feeling?

740
00:38:22,960 --> 00:38:24,800
Speaker 2: Are you ready to go to space? Are you thinking

741
00:38:24,840 --> 00:38:28,320
Speaker 2: we should reconsider and read some more literature on the subject.

742
00:38:28,600 --> 00:38:31,200
Speaker 2: Call us at two zero two five six seven seven

743
00:38:31,320 --> 00:38:33,400
Speaker 2: zero two eight and tell us what you thought, or

744
00:38:33,600 --> 00:38:35,120
Speaker 2: you could give us an idea for a lab you

745
00:38:35,120 --> 00:38:37,719
Speaker 2: think we should do the semester. That's two zero two

746
00:38:37,920 --> 00:38:40,040
Speaker 2: five six seven seven zero two eight.

747
00:38:40,360 --> 00:38:42,759
Speaker 3: And don't forget that there is so much more to

748
00:38:42,840 --> 00:38:45,480
Speaker 3: dig into on our website. There'll be a cheat keep

749
00:38:45,480 --> 00:38:48,920
Speaker 3: for today's lab, additional links and resources in the show notes.

750
00:38:49,200 --> 00:38:51,440
Speaker 3: Plus you can sign up for our newsletter check it

751
00:38:51,440 --> 00:38:55,240
Speaker 3: out at Dope labspodcast dot com. Special thanks to today's

752
00:38:55,239 --> 00:38:57,520
Speaker 3: guest expert, doctor Jordan Beim.

753
00:38:57,640 --> 00:38:59,959
Speaker 2: You can find Jordan on Twitter at Jordan.

754
00:39:01,160 --> 00:39:03,319
Speaker 3: And you can find us on Twitter and Instagram at

755
00:39:03,360 --> 00:39:04,400
Speaker 3: Dope Labs Podcast.

756
00:39:04,640 --> 00:39:08,880
Speaker 2: TT's on Twitter and Instagram at d R Underscore t Sho.

757
00:39:08,760 --> 00:39:11,880
Speaker 3: And you can find Zakia at z Said So with.

758
00:39:12,040 --> 00:39:15,200
Speaker 3: Dope Labs is a Spotify original production from Mega owned

759
00:39:15,200 --> 00:39:15,799
Speaker 3: Media Group.

760
00:39:16,000 --> 00:39:18,920
Speaker 2: Our producers are Jenny Rattlet Mask and Lydia Smith of

761
00:39:19,000 --> 00:39:20,239
Speaker 2: WaveRunner Studios.

762
00:39:20,480 --> 00:39:23,800
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763
00:39:23,400 --> 00:39:25,000
Speaker 2: Mixing by Hannes Brown.

764
00:39:25,280 --> 00:39:29,160
Speaker 3: Original music composed and produced by Taka Yasuzawa and Alex

765
00:39:29,239 --> 00:39:34,440
Speaker 3: Sugier from Spotify. Creative producer Miguel Contraras.

766
00:39:34,200 --> 00:39:37,919
Speaker 2: Special thanks to Shirley Ramos, Jess Borrison, Till krat Key,

767
00:39:38,040 --> 00:39:41,600
Speaker 2: and Brian Marquis. Executive producers from Mega Own Media Group

768
00:39:41,719 --> 00:39:44,520
Speaker 2: are us T T Show, Dia and Zakiah Wattley