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Speaker 1: Hello, delicious friends, and welcome to Who Did What Now?

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Speaker 1: The history podcast That's not Your history class with me,

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Speaker 1: your host, Katie Charlewood, history harlot and reader of books.

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Speaker 1: And we are finally end of the last week of Witches, Witches,

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Speaker 1: Spooky Bitches. Now, originally when I'd planned to do this month,

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Speaker 1: it was not my intention to make it which trial

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Speaker 1: based specifically, but you know, here we are. It's what happened,

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Speaker 1: and I am proud of it. That being said, I

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Speaker 1: was chatting to my friends a heart and I had

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Speaker 1: to apologize because I was like, yeah, I'm sorry. I

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Speaker 1: feel like I could have been much meaner to John

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Speaker 1: Cunningham in the last episode and I wasn't, but I

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Speaker 1: feel like I should have been and I could have been. Now,

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Speaker 1: I do think I mentioned this in the last episode. Actually,

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Speaker 1: So the last few months, I've done like a specific

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Speaker 1: theme for each month, and I'm going to continue to

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Speaker 1: do that still November because it's my birthday month, and

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Speaker 1: so the theme is just stuff Katie is interested in,

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Speaker 1: which will probably make you very concerned for my mental

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Speaker 1: well being. But yeah, that's for next month. I'm going

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Speaker 1: to do a few different topics, just stuff that yeah,

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Speaker 1: they might not fit in other places, but maybe I've

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Speaker 1: really wanted to talk about for a while because I've

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Speaker 1: got a few in there that I've had ready. And

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Speaker 1: next month I'm busy. Next month I have so much

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Speaker 1: going on. I have an awards thing, a business awards thing,

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Speaker 1: on one night, and the following day I'm in London

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Speaker 1: for my live show, which, by the way, if you

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Speaker 1: haven't got tickets yet, snap them up because I don't

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Speaker 1: know the next time I'm going to be in in

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Speaker 1: the UK, let alone in London, so you may as

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Speaker 1: well grab your tickets, well you can. I don't think

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Speaker 1: I'm really doing anything for my birthday this year either,

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Speaker 1: Like I don't have a plan like I've I've had

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Speaker 1: sort of stuff organized the last few years, but this

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Speaker 1: year nothing. Like a lot of my friends there either

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Speaker 1: another part of the country or they're in different countries,

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Speaker 1: and so organizing stuff hasn't really been much of an option.

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Speaker 1: But I will probably at some point during the month

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Speaker 1: head to be Elfast and see my friend Paul, because

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Speaker 1: like every year, rund about my birthday will usually do

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Speaker 1: an escape proom and we go for a really fun

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Speaker 1: meal and it's all like themed and it's like a

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Speaker 1: fun thing and any excuse to dress up dartlings, any excuse,

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Speaker 1: which is wild because I I don't know where any

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Speaker 1: of my costumes are, so I don't have anything planned

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Speaker 1: for Halloween whatsoever. Either that being said, I'm pretty sure

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Speaker 1: with my actual clothes, I could probably just throw together

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Speaker 1: some kind of something, you know, I don't think it'd

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Speaker 1: be that hard. I mean, every girl has an Alexander

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Speaker 1: Hamilton outfits somewhere. But yeah, I got I got options.

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Speaker 1: I got options in Christmas. I'm actually spending Christmas alone

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Speaker 1: this year. Like, I've made no plans for Christmas because

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Speaker 1: I'm off all the way through from like the twenty third,

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Speaker 1: all the way through till January and European holidays people

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Speaker 1: and so like, I've got the kids for New Year,

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Speaker 1: but Christmas, I don't know. I'm just going to be

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Speaker 1: chilling out on my own watching murder, she wrote, and

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Speaker 1: eating cheese. Unless any of my friends want to break

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Speaker 1: from the world come see me. It's fine. I'm all

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Speaker 1: good anyway. I know what you're thinking. You're thinking, Kerriie,

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Speaker 1: we're three minutes then, can you please quite aljibbl jabba

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Speaker 1: in fact us in fact you why will, But first

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Speaker 1: we've got to get our source on. Our sources are

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Speaker 1: Witchcraft and Sorcery in England and America fifteen fifty to

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Speaker 1: seventeen fifty by Marion Gibson, Witchcraft and Demonism by You

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Speaker 1: and See the Strange. The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft in

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Speaker 1: Early Modern Europe and Colonial America by Brian Levac. Detestable

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Speaker 1: and Wicked Arts New England and Witchcraft in the Early

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Speaker 1: modern Atlantic World by Paul Benjamin Moyer. A History of

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Speaker 1: Witchcraft by Geoffrey B. Russell. The History of Witchcraft and

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Speaker 1: Demonology by Reverend Montague Somers. The Path of the Devil,

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Speaker 1: Early modern witch Hunts by Gary F. Jensen. Lude Women

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Speaker 1: and Wicked Witches are Studying the Dynamics of male domination

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Speaker 1: by Marion Hester. The Puritan Tradition in America by Alden Vaughan.

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Speaker 1: Narratives of the Witchcraft Cases sixteen forty eight to seventeen

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Speaker 1: o six by George Lincoln Burke. The Devil Discovered Salem

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Speaker 1: Witchcraft sixteen ninety two. Buy enders A. Robinson, Salem Witchcraft Trials.

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Speaker 1: The Perception of Women in History, Literature, and Culture by

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Speaker 1: Anna Kuchik to Cuba, Reluctant Witch of Salem, Devilish Indians

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Speaker 1: and Puritan Fantasies by Allengi Breslau, Wayward Puritans, A Study

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Speaker 1: in the Sociology of Deviants by Kai Ericsson. Damned Women,

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Speaker 1: Sinners and Witches in Puritan New England by Elizabeth Rays.

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Speaker 1: And of course we have our old favorites biography dot

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Speaker 1: com Andhistory dot com. Now as it in comfortably good,

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Speaker 1: then let's begin. It's time to talk about the Salem

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Speaker 1: witch Trials. Now, the Salem witch Trials are quite probably

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Speaker 1: the most famous witch trials in history. When in the

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Speaker 1: year sixteen ninety two, the Massachusetts Bay Colony executed fourteen women,

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Speaker 1: five men, and two dogs for witchcraft. So let me

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Speaker 1: just repeat that for you. They executed, They killed fourteen women,

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Speaker 1: five men, and two dogs, two dogs for witchcraft. The

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Speaker 1: dog went on trial. Now this isn't actually like the

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Speaker 1: surprising part actually, because back in the day, I think

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Speaker 1: even up to like the eighteen hundreds, as far as

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Speaker 1: I can recall, animals have been put on trial, like

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Speaker 1: you could try a dog. It's not uncommon. But I

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Speaker 1: just felt like it's weird that this is whole part

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Speaker 1: of it anyway, the oldest accused was nearly eighty years old,

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Speaker 1: and the youngest five a five year old child, was

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Speaker 1: accused of witchcraft. From January sixteen ninety two to September

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Speaker 1: that year, across twenty five villages in towns somewhere between

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Speaker 1: one hundred and forty four to one hundred and eighty

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Speaker 1: five people were accused of and I quote wickedly, maliciously

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Speaker 1: and feloniously engaging in sorcery. Family members accused each other,

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Speaker 1: mothers against daughters and grandmothers, wives against husbands, cousins, against andy's, neighbors,

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Speaker 1: against neighbors like. No one was safe right in towns

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Speaker 1: like andover right, one in every fifteen people were accused

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Speaker 1: of witchcraft, and the town's most senior minister found himself

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Speaker 1: related to at least twenty witches. Because remember, a lot

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Speaker 1: of these towns were this family and then this family,

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Speaker 1: and that was how they spread and grew. Because it

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Speaker 1: wasn't just the way towns and cities are now where

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Speaker 1: there's just a lot of different people. No, No, there

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Speaker 1: are known families in these towns, and they are a

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Speaker 1: lot of them, right. So across this colony you have

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Speaker 1: this massive social panic fueled by religious zelatory, misogyny, racism,

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Speaker 1: and so on and so forth, producing a reign of

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Speaker 1: terror that affected the people of Massachusetts. But before we

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Speaker 1: get into that, we should definitely slip into some context.

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Speaker 1: By sixteen ninety two, colonies have been established on the

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Speaker 1: American continent for over a century by European powers, with

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Speaker 1: varying degrees of success. So the first English colony was

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Speaker 1: Roanoke in fifteen eighty five, not the one you're thinking of,

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Speaker 1: kind of the one you think, not really though, right,

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Speaker 1: So the first colony back in fifteen eighty five, it

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Speaker 1: was a military outpost, which then got abandoned a few

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Speaker 1: years later because you know, it wasn't the easiest place

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Speaker 1: to live. Then of course you've got the Lost colony

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Speaker 1: of Roanok. It was established in fifteen eighty seven, so

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Speaker 1: a year after abandoning the old one. So fifteen eighty

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Speaker 1: five they set up the military out post, fifteen eighty six,

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Speaker 1: it gets abandoned fifteen eighty seven they're like, yeah, let's

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Speaker 1: make people live there. And so the lost colony, Right,

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Speaker 1: there's this big mystery. Settlers disappear without a trace after

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Speaker 1: having no contact for two years it's played like a

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Speaker 1: big mystery, but it's just colonial whitewashing of history. I'll

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Speaker 1: actually cover this on episode forty three, so if you

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Speaker 1: want to, if you want to hear more about that,

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Speaker 1: go listen to that one. Just remember episode forty three,

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Speaker 1: the Lost Colony of Roanoke. So these colonial settlements, they

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Speaker 1: happened during the reign of Queen Elizabeth the First, and

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Speaker 1: so this is her attempt Ara. You know, she's got

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Speaker 1: the plantations over in Ireland. So Queen Mary had actually

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Speaker 1: started that, Mary the First, and then Elizabeth had built

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Speaker 1: onto that. And then this then gets pushed on more

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Speaker 1: by James. So King James the sixth of Scotland, first

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Speaker 1: of England. Yes, him again, who has appeared in all

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Speaker 1: of these episodes this month thus far. Eventually I am

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Speaker 1: going to have to cover him on his own, but

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Speaker 1: we'll deal with him later. So he is King James

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Speaker 1: the six of Scotland. His mother is Mary, Queen of Scott's,

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Speaker 1: and he is the heir up there. He is ascend

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Speaker 1: to the throne, the British throne. So England, Scotland, all

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Speaker 1: that jazz, and so he's like, I want to keep

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Speaker 1: doing the colonial stuff, right, I want I want to

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Speaker 1: keep doing this. I want to give it a bash.

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Speaker 1: And so Jamestown it is the next major colonial settlement.

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Speaker 1: It's in like sixteen oh seven, and it's the big

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Speaker 1: one because it is the first permanent settlement. And that's

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Speaker 1: why it's like really well known that and you know

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Speaker 1: that's where they cannibalized a teenage girl. So the settlements

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Speaker 1: they spread over the decades. Well, England lost and gained

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Speaker 1: a monarchy. No, I'm absolutely serious. So yeah, for about

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Speaker 1: eleven years there was no British monarchy. King Charles the

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Speaker 1: First was executed and Oliver Cromwell ruled the Commonwealth of England,

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Speaker 1: which had gone full Puritan right, no celebrations, no joy,

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Speaker 1: just a miserable religion. Really now, I think I say

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Speaker 1: this anytime I have to bring up the Puritans, I'm like,

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Speaker 1: they'd miserable as sin, but sinning's not allowed. I think

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Speaker 1: they can remember the Presbyterians a wee bit because they soda.

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Speaker 1: They could suck the color out of a rainbow. So

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Speaker 1: the Puritan rule it would last eleven years until the

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Speaker 1: Stuart Restoration, in which Charles the Second, the merry monarch,

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Speaker 1: he ascends to the throne, followed by his Catholic brother

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Speaker 1: James the Second, who would then lose his throne to

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Speaker 1: his daughter Mary the Second and her husband William of Orange, who,

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Speaker 1: fun fact, sidebar is the reason that you eat orange

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Speaker 1: carrots and not the other many varieties of carrot variations.

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Speaker 1: They come in purple, right, they're just nice. Also, for

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Speaker 1: the record, purple potatoes delicious. Actually sidebar. I'm going to

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Speaker 1: talk about corn for his second, like actual corn, not

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Speaker 1: like spice merchant corn. So we don't really have Thanksgiving,

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Speaker 1: I say, we don't really have it. We don't actually

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Speaker 1: have Thanksgiving in Ireland because it's not an Irish holiday.

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Speaker 1: But round about that time, I've noticed that a lot

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Speaker 1: of the sort of supermarkets they have rainbow corn on sale,

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Speaker 1: but they're like, it's for decorative purposes only. So if

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Speaker 1: anyone who knows anything about rainbow corn specifically, can we

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Speaker 1: eat it? Is it okay to eat? Is it an

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Speaker 1: ice to eat? Like? Does it taste good? Like? These

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Speaker 1: are questions that I feel are important. Anyway, back to

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Speaker 1: the Puritans, King Charles the First, he was given out

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Speaker 1: trattles to colonies because you needed permission from the king

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Speaker 1: to get land in the New World. So obviously this

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Speaker 1: is before he lost his head. No, not figuratively. Well,

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Speaker 1: I mean he was super into the whole divine right

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Speaker 1: of kings, which was really bred into him by King

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Speaker 1: James the first Like it's it's a whole it's a

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Speaker 1: whole thing. I can't go into it quite a bit

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Speaker 1: in the the Villiols episode, which is, you know, King

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Speaker 1: James's boyfriend, in order to set yourself up in the

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Speaker 1: New World, you needed a royal charter, and so a

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Speaker 1: bunch of Puritans they get a royal charter and go

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Speaker 1: to Massachusetts and they form the Massachusetts Bay Company. Remember, like,

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Speaker 1: keep us in mind, the only thing that this group

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Speaker 1: has in common is the fact that they are Puritans, right,

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Speaker 1: That's what's keeping them together. That's the only thread in

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Speaker 1: this nothing else. Right. So they're they're really strict like Puritans.

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Speaker 1: They really are joyless, like very severe in their religious beliefs.

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Speaker 1: Like it. Their lives are all based around just being

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Speaker 1: as unhappy as possible. And here's the thing. There's this

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Speaker 1: claim that the colonists were escaping religious persecution, but that's

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Speaker 1: not actually the case. Basically, a bunch of them had

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Speaker 1: settled in the Netherlands, right, and they had been living

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Speaker 1: there for a while, but then they were worried that

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Speaker 1: their children were becoming too Dutch A shit, you not right,

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Speaker 1: and so plain old xenophobia, and they're like, we need

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Speaker 1: to make somewhere there is like Puritan but we can also,

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Speaker 1: you know, really reinforce those strong English values, allegedlies. And

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Speaker 1: so they have the Royal Charter and they bring their

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Speaker 1: miserable urses across the Atlantic to the New World, because

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Speaker 1: of course, what's the point of relocating if you can't

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Speaker 1: bring your prejudice with you. So the thing about the

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Speaker 1: Massachusetts Charter is it conveniently doesn't state where any meetings

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Speaker 1: of the Company of the Massachusetts Bay or meetings of

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Speaker 1: the governor had to be held. And so for whatever reason,

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Speaker 1: the King had effectively given them the Company the authority

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Speaker 1: to govern Massachusetts. So they got more power than other colonies.

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Speaker 1: They can put people on trial in the name of

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Speaker 1: the colony, not only the name of the king. They

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Speaker 1: can even mint their own money, like this is a

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Speaker 1: big deal. So it's almost almost independent of London. And

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Speaker 1: when the Puritans set up their Puritan churches, there's this

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Speaker 1: independent society because you know, you follow two rules. You

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Speaker 1: follow the king and you follow your church. And here

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Speaker 1: when the Puritans have covered both of those base it

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Speaker 1: is really you're just following them and you have no

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Speaker 1: choice but to live within their paradigms. Yeah, and so

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Speaker 1: a society is built by and around Puritan ideology with

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Speaker 1: little or no say from the monarch. Communities are built

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Speaker 1: and by the time it's like fifty years later, it's

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Speaker 1: got its own etiquette and rules, a society separate from

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Speaker 1: the colonial power. So this point you've got William of

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Speaker 1: Orange and Mary Second. They're on the British throne after

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Speaker 1: deposing King James the Second in the Glorious Revolution four

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Speaker 1: years prior. Like, it's really weird. You've got an English

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Speaker 1: king and a Dutch prince fighting for the British throne

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Speaker 1: on Irish soil. It's it's a bit of a clusterfuck,

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Speaker 1: but that is what happened. So, Like, the funny thing

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Speaker 1: is when Parliament was like, hey, we need a ruler

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Speaker 1: and they have to be Protestant. We're not having any

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Speaker 1: Catholics on the throne. And William of Orange, he's just

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Speaker 1: like a Prince of Orange. She's not like a king

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Speaker 1: anywhere else, and they're like, hey, yeah, you know what,

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Speaker 1: you can totally be king, but only as long as

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Speaker 1: your wife is queen, Like you can only rule together,

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Speaker 1: because like otherwise she would have just been Queen Mary

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Speaker 1: the Second and he would have stayed Prince Vlume of Orange.

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Speaker 1: But they were always styled together as William and Mary,

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Speaker 1: and that was just like how they did it. So

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Speaker 1: here we have a town evolved from the colonial force

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Speaker 1: and steeped in religious feather. And on top of this,

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Speaker 1: they have settled on a land that was already inhabited,

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Speaker 1: Like they weren't just out there claiming land that nobody

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Speaker 1: was on, like there were people there, right, it was

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Speaker 1: already inhabited by indigenous people. And unlike other colonies that

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Speaker 1: had earned the trust of local tribes, the Puritans saw

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Speaker 1: the native people as akin to heretics. And yeah, so

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Speaker 1: they saw them as savages and pagans and so on

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Speaker 1: and so forth. And because the Puritans saw them as

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Speaker 1: such and other like, they're very again severe in their worldview,

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Speaker 1: and so when they saw anyone that is different to them,

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Speaker 1: that has different beliefs, I mean again, they thought the

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Speaker 1: Dutch were making their children to Dutch and so they

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Speaker 1: left to another continent, like they do things in extremes.

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Speaker 1: So unsurprisingly, when they saw these people who looked different

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Speaker 1: to them, talk different to them, and you know, had

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Speaker 1: an entirely different way of life that they saw as

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Speaker 1: I'm going to is the term uncivilized, right, They're like, oh, no,

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Speaker 1: Like there had been conflicts over land, And by conflicts,

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Speaker 1: I mean that the colonizer stole land from indigenous people

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Speaker 1: and attax occurred as a result. Salem lost something like

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Speaker 1: ten percent of the male population to attax from Native Americans.

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Speaker 1: The burdons are already a tense and serious bunge, and

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Speaker 1: now you've got an actual physical threat, a danger outside

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Speaker 1: the town boundary. So you've got this fear both inside

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Speaker 1: and out with the settlements. So there's going to be

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Speaker 1: a lot of pressure building up and anxiety and tension

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Speaker 1: that's just already on the surface, like in these in

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Speaker 1: these settlements and across the town of Salem and Salem

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Speaker 1: Village which is now called Danvils because rebranding, I guess,

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Speaker 1: all across these villages, towns and more throughout the Massachusetts

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Speaker 1: Bay Colony. You've got this tension, You've got this fear,

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Speaker 1: You've got all of this sort of internal politics, external dangers,

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Speaker 1: all of it's just bubbling ready to boil over. And

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Speaker 1: it's not just limited to Salem, it's just the town

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Speaker 1: that's most associated with it, more so Danvers actually. But again,

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Speaker 1: the witch hysteria begins with events in the house of

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Speaker 1: Samuel Paris, a Puritan minister, because of course it is.

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Speaker 1: This is the kind of thing, the kind of drama

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Speaker 1: which of course is going to happen under the nose

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Speaker 1: of a Puritan minister, and it's from his home, these

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Speaker 1: events involving two girls, which is going to result in

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Speaker 1: the deaths of several innocent people, and it will leave

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Speaker 1: its mark on history. Samuel Parris was originally from London.

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Speaker 1: He immigrated to the Colonies. He went to Harvard because

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Speaker 1: of course he did, and he inherits a sugar plantation

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Speaker 1: in Barbados from his father. Now he's well educated, he's

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Speaker 1: inherited a plantation. He thinks he's going to be doing

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Speaker 1: really well for himself, like he's settled in and he

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Speaker 1: thinks he's going to have a very very comfortable life,

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Speaker 1: and that's the life he's expecting. However, natural gets in

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Speaker 1: the way, so he's staying in Barbados for a while,

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Speaker 1: and he's kind of just living a life until the

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Speaker 1: plantation is absolutely trashed by a hurricane, like everything is destroyed,

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Speaker 1: and he's like, fuck this for Game of Soldiers. He

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Speaker 1: can't handle the heat anyway because he's too English, and

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Speaker 1: so he's like, I got to get out of here,

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Speaker 1: gets the heck at a dodge, and returns to the

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Speaker 1: more temperate zone of Boston. Now, every time I try

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Speaker 1: and do the Boston accent, Cidebar. Every time I try

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Speaker 1: and do the accent, I can't. There's like a way

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Speaker 1: that the mouth gets really wide and I can't seem

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Speaker 1: to wrap around it in smat like at schmat and

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Speaker 1: like like I'm obsessed with like learning this. I really

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Speaker 1: want to get that accent right, because I think it's

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Speaker 1: really fun. So if any dialect coaches where anybody wants

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Speaker 1: to try and help me pronounce things in a Bostonian accent,

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Speaker 1: I would greatly appreciate it, because, on top of everything else, right,

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Speaker 1: I was given a basketball team to support the Boston Celtics,

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Speaker 1: and so I feel like I need to embrace that. Really,

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Speaker 1: I have also been given an American football team, So

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Speaker 1: a friend of mine lives a heart. It was a

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Speaker 1: herr again. She was like, yeah, your American football team

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Speaker 1: is the Philadelphia Eagles, because some of them didn't go

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Speaker 1: to the president, and they have a handsome quarterback. I

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Speaker 1: don't actually know what the quarterback does. I don't know.

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Speaker 1: I don't know the sport. Somebody will explain it to

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Speaker 1: me one day and I may remember it. Him's to say. AnyWho,

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Speaker 1: So Samuel Parris, he's loving in Boston for a while

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Speaker 1: and he's fine, it's not going great, but then he's

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Speaker 1: given the ministry in Salem Village. So Samuel, he's married

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Speaker 1: to Elizabeth Edridge, who is, by all accounts, one of

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Speaker 1: the most beautiful women in the village. Like this, this

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Speaker 1: is documented, like this is a fact. Somebody took the

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Speaker 1: time to write this down in the sixteen hundreds. They're like,

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Speaker 1: we need everyone to know how hot this bitch is. Okay,

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Speaker 1: thank you, he has an incredibly hot wife. Good day

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Speaker 1: to you. So they're married and they have three children,

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Speaker 1: Thomas who's the oldest, Elizabeth who's like nine I think

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Speaker 1: she's known as Betty, and Susanna, who's the youngest. So

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Speaker 1: in sixteen ninety two, Samuel's twelve year old niece, Abigail Williams,

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Speaker 1: is staying with them two, so he's taken her in

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Speaker 1: because now I'm not sure if he's just like the

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Speaker 1: closest relative or the only relative left, or whether he's

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Speaker 1: just like the most like secure and stable, like if

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Speaker 1: that's how that happened, or maybe it's one of those

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Speaker 1: I'm a minister, look at how good I am. I

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Speaker 1: took in my orphaned niece. So there's there's illnesses spreading

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Speaker 1: through like at this point, like through New England and whatnot.

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Speaker 1: Remember all roads leaved to dysentery. So the power's household

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Speaker 1: also has two enslaved servants, right, which feels like a

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Speaker 1: weird phrase. And enslaved servant then, okay, so you've got Tetuba,

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Speaker 1: who is a Native American woman who right, we actually

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Speaker 1: know a few bits about her because he inherited her,

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Speaker 1: like she's registered as as property like back in Barbados,

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Speaker 1: like as a child actually, So when his father dies,

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00:27:03,960 --> 00:27:07,760
Speaker 1: like she's listed, you know, and so he brings her

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Speaker 1: back with him. So he brings back two people that

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Speaker 1: were enslaved. He brings them back with him, one of

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00:27:14,240 --> 00:27:20,200
Speaker 1: them being a child. Which is to Cuba. So over

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Speaker 1: the years, like her representation through media over the years,

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Speaker 1: like she is presented as a black woman, Like this

375
00:27:30,160 --> 00:27:33,160
Speaker 1: has been a change in addition to the story. So

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Speaker 1: like it's literally century like at least a century later

377
00:27:36,320 --> 00:27:39,439
Speaker 1: with the story changes and they're like, oh, and she

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Speaker 1: was black and also she did voodoo, and it's like

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Speaker 1: a yes, And because I think it was easier that

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Speaker 1: idea and that portrayal, and it's sort of easier to

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Speaker 1: digest because when we talk about enslavement in America, our

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Speaker 1: major focus is on chattel slavery, which is the worst,

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Speaker 1: by the way, Oh, you can't compare contrast, Yes, I

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Speaker 1: fucking can't. I'm a historian. I specialize in historical misinformation

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Speaker 1: and propaganda. I know my shit when it comes to

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00:28:11,119 --> 00:28:17,120
Speaker 1: this specifically, right, So because that is the focus, it's

387
00:28:17,920 --> 00:28:21,960
Speaker 1: easy to draw the eye away and to overlook all

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00:28:22,000 --> 00:28:25,919
Speaker 1: of the other shit that happened, like the enslavement of

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Speaker 1: indigenous people, which was a common practice, especially women and children,

390
00:28:33,400 --> 00:28:38,520
Speaker 1: right because they were seen as easier to take. And

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Speaker 1: so over the years, it was so easy to change

392
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Speaker 1: the concept of who of who Tchuba was to also

393
00:28:47,200 --> 00:28:50,840
Speaker 1: fit a narrative and playing to the idea of sort

394
00:28:50,880 --> 00:28:55,040
Speaker 1: of ooh the Ebo black voodoo practices and all this

395
00:28:55,200 --> 00:28:58,840
Speaker 1: fucking bullshit, right, all of that, all of that just

396
00:28:58,920 --> 00:29:04,120
Speaker 1: to demonize people that were already being demonized and oppressed.

397
00:29:04,880 --> 00:29:10,480
Speaker 1: And it's absolutely makes me mad. But yes, there were

398
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Speaker 1: two servants in the household, two enslaved servants. So you've

399
00:29:15,720 --> 00:29:18,520
Speaker 1: got to Tuba, and you also have a man called

400
00:29:18,640 --> 00:29:23,959
Speaker 1: John Indian. His race is unknown, but I feel like

401
00:29:24,000 --> 00:29:28,720
Speaker 1: we could take it guess as to what that is. Now,

402
00:29:29,000 --> 00:29:34,560
Speaker 1: there was no documentation, there was no official anything that

403
00:29:34,720 --> 00:29:37,360
Speaker 1: shows that these two were married. But it does come

404
00:29:37,440 --> 00:29:41,400
Speaker 1: up like in the sources and it says like you

405
00:29:41,440 --> 00:29:43,960
Speaker 1: know that they were a married couple, that they were together,

406
00:29:45,360 --> 00:29:50,479
Speaker 1: but there's nothing within their testimony together or within any

407
00:29:50,560 --> 00:29:54,400
Speaker 1: information about the two specifically that suggests that they were

408
00:29:54,520 --> 00:30:00,720
Speaker 1: actually a couple. Now, it would actually ben fit Samuel

409
00:30:00,760 --> 00:30:03,200
Speaker 1: Paris to say that they were a couple, because it

410
00:30:03,280 --> 00:30:09,480
Speaker 1: meant that under the eyes of propriety, shall we say,

411
00:30:09,640 --> 00:30:11,840
Speaker 1: they can share a room, So it means those two

412
00:30:11,840 --> 00:30:15,360
Speaker 1: are together, the enslaved people, they're in their own room,

413
00:30:16,160 --> 00:30:18,400
Speaker 1: and he doesn't need to have a separate room for

414
00:30:18,520 --> 00:30:21,479
Speaker 1: one and the other because like they can't share, like

415
00:30:21,520 --> 00:30:24,160
Speaker 1: they might be their Puritans, you know, they're like, you

416
00:30:24,320 --> 00:30:26,800
Speaker 1: can't do that. A man and a woman who are

417
00:30:27,040 --> 00:30:33,080
Speaker 1: unwed sharing a room. What next showing their ankles? Shocking?

418
00:30:33,920 --> 00:30:36,160
Speaker 1: So yeah, there's no actual evidence to suggest that the

419
00:30:36,160 --> 00:30:40,520
Speaker 1: two were actually married, but in his handy for the reverend,

420
00:30:40,600 --> 00:30:45,200
Speaker 1: if they are, and it's also a very convenient storytelling device,

421
00:30:46,080 --> 00:30:51,440
Speaker 1: he has been and wife working together. No, so Samuel Paris,

422
00:30:51,600 --> 00:30:57,000
Speaker 1: he's not exactly popular in Salem village. So he's paid

423
00:30:57,240 --> 00:31:01,680
Speaker 1: partly by the church and partly by the town. So

424
00:31:01,760 --> 00:31:04,880
Speaker 1: like the church pay like a certain portion of his wages,

425
00:31:05,520 --> 00:31:09,240
Speaker 1: and then the remainder of his wages is paid in firewood.

426
00:31:10,480 --> 00:31:13,240
Speaker 1: So I think it's like sixteen ninety one, there was

427
00:31:13,280 --> 00:31:18,400
Speaker 1: like a really bad winter. It's really chilly, it's really

428
00:31:18,480 --> 00:31:24,520
Speaker 1: it's really stark, and everyone really needs that firewood. Everybody

429
00:31:24,560 --> 00:31:27,800
Speaker 1: needs it, and he's out demanding it. So he's seen

430
00:31:27,880 --> 00:31:32,520
Speaker 1: us a bit miserly because he's taking firewood from other people.

431
00:31:32,840 --> 00:31:34,800
Speaker 1: He doesn't like go out and chop his own obviously

432
00:31:34,960 --> 00:31:39,000
Speaker 1: is he's a redwood. And so like there's actually this

433
00:31:39,080 --> 00:31:42,280
Speaker 1: whole part of Toachoo his testimony where she talks about

434
00:31:42,880 --> 00:31:45,920
Speaker 1: trying to light fires in certain parts of the house

435
00:31:46,760 --> 00:31:50,120
Speaker 1: and keep them going while using as little firewood as

436
00:31:50,160 --> 00:31:54,200
Speaker 1: possible so that they can actually, you know, hate the houses,

437
00:31:54,800 --> 00:31:59,800
Speaker 1: but make it last. Like in the Power's household, firewood

438
00:31:59,840 --> 00:32:04,200
Speaker 1: had to be burned sparingly, like it's provided by the

439
00:32:04,280 --> 00:32:09,400
Speaker 1: church community, and sometimes he had to actually go and

440
00:32:09,560 --> 00:32:13,480
Speaker 1: beg for it because he had no access to firewood otherwise.

441
00:32:14,400 --> 00:32:20,000
Speaker 1: And so he's begging his congregation for firewood, and he

442
00:32:20,200 --> 00:32:27,200
Speaker 1: was very vocal about his displeasure regarding the situation. So

443
00:32:28,240 --> 00:32:31,480
Speaker 1: after that once other things aren't going great. In mid

444
00:32:31,560 --> 00:32:37,880
Speaker 1: January sixteen ninety two, Abigail, Samuel's orphan niece becomes ill,

445
00:32:38,360 --> 00:32:41,040
Speaker 1: with a nine year old Betty falling ill soon after.

446
00:32:43,120 --> 00:32:45,160
Speaker 1: And this isn't like, oh, they've got a cough for

447
00:32:45,280 --> 00:32:51,480
Speaker 1: his knees, Like weird shit is happening. The girls experienced

448
00:32:51,800 --> 00:32:57,080
Speaker 1: violent fits and convulsions. They are screaming and crying out

449
00:32:57,120 --> 00:33:00,800
Speaker 1: in pain. They say they feel like they're being pinched,

450
00:33:01,240 --> 00:33:05,560
Speaker 1: poked and prodded. They think they're being choked. They're having

451
00:33:05,680 --> 00:33:12,000
Speaker 1: trances and they're speaking nonsense. They're hiding under furniture like

452
00:33:12,400 --> 00:33:15,840
Speaker 1: they're hiding under furniture and they're saying they're being pulled

453
00:33:15,880 --> 00:33:21,840
Speaker 1: by like spirits and sort of ghostly apparitions. They're barking

454
00:33:22,000 --> 00:33:27,800
Speaker 1: like dogs and they're shrieking, right, And so these fits

455
00:33:27,880 --> 00:33:32,120
Speaker 1: just kind of happen sparingly and then they get worse.

456
00:33:32,560 --> 00:33:35,640
Speaker 1: So they're happening in like quick succession. At this point,

457
00:33:35,680 --> 00:33:38,320
Speaker 1: they are just happening more and more and more, and

458
00:33:38,520 --> 00:33:44,720
Speaker 1: Abigail is the worst affected. So there's one tale of Abigail,

459
00:33:45,000 --> 00:33:49,120
Speaker 1: Like she's in the kitchen and she's making noises and

460
00:33:49,320 --> 00:33:53,440
Speaker 1: she's flapping her arms and running around in a circle, right,

461
00:33:53,480 --> 00:33:55,280
Speaker 1: and the whole thing is like as if she's going

462
00:33:55,360 --> 00:33:59,200
Speaker 1: to take flight. Now, this is the one part that

463
00:33:59,280 --> 00:34:04,479
Speaker 1: I found the sort of odd in the whole thing. So,

464
00:34:04,520 --> 00:34:06,760
Speaker 1: like Abigail, I don't think I'd been living with them

465
00:34:06,800 --> 00:34:11,160
Speaker 1: for too long before this, but she's there and she's

466
00:34:11,320 --> 00:34:16,279
Speaker 1: flapping her arms, right, And like my first thought when

467
00:34:16,280 --> 00:34:18,320
Speaker 1: I hear that, when I hear a child is running

468
00:34:18,320 --> 00:34:22,440
Speaker 1: around flapping their arms, I think of self regulation, because

469
00:34:22,480 --> 00:34:25,920
Speaker 1: like that is a really really common thing for autistic

470
00:34:26,000 --> 00:34:29,400
Speaker 1: children to do, and that's the arm and hand flapping,

471
00:34:30,080 --> 00:34:32,880
Speaker 1: like it's a form of regulation, like you see you

472
00:34:32,920 --> 00:34:34,440
Speaker 1: see it even with it. I call it like when

473
00:34:34,480 --> 00:34:36,160
Speaker 1: you and girls and each other and they're like, oh

474
00:34:36,160 --> 00:34:37,759
Speaker 1: my god, and they're jumping up and down and they're

475
00:34:37,800 --> 00:34:41,399
Speaker 1: like wave flapping, flap in the hands, like that's part

476
00:34:41,400 --> 00:34:44,720
Speaker 1: of it. That's a regulation thing, right, That's that's actually

477
00:34:44,760 --> 00:34:49,279
Speaker 1: trying to calm yourself down. And yeah, like so my

478
00:34:49,360 --> 00:34:52,920
Speaker 1: brain's like, what if it's just stemming, Like a lot

479
00:34:52,960 --> 00:34:56,200
Speaker 1: of this could actually be answered by stemming, like for

480
00:34:56,280 --> 00:35:00,200
Speaker 1: Abigail specifically, where it's like, oh, she needs to like

481
00:35:00,320 --> 00:35:02,840
Speaker 1: move her body a certain way in order to feel

482
00:35:02,840 --> 00:35:05,600
Speaker 1: certain pressures on it. The vocal stimming, which is like

483
00:35:05,640 --> 00:35:09,920
Speaker 1: the noises and the barking, and then the flapping like

484
00:35:10,000 --> 00:35:13,239
Speaker 1: that could be part of it. Or something else I

485
00:35:13,280 --> 00:35:15,360
Speaker 1: thought of when I was reading this was it's just

486
00:35:15,560 --> 00:35:19,320
Speaker 1: kids playing about. But obviously Puritans don't believe in childhood

487
00:35:19,400 --> 00:35:22,120
Speaker 1: or fun or playing, so they're just like, oh, it

488
00:35:22,200 --> 00:35:27,520
Speaker 1: must be bewitchment. And so you've got Abigail doing this,

489
00:35:27,719 --> 00:35:32,160
Speaker 1: and then Betty follows suit because Betty is younger and

490
00:35:32,239 --> 00:35:38,799
Speaker 1: there's always the possibility of learned behavior. But yeah, naturally,

491
00:35:39,120 --> 00:35:43,320
Speaker 1: because again they're like clearly something's wrong here, a doctor

492
00:35:43,440 --> 00:35:47,880
Speaker 1: is called, right, because everyone's freaked out and the doctor's called.

493
00:35:48,440 --> 00:35:51,280
Speaker 1: And she basically looked at the children and went, yep,

494
00:35:51,640 --> 00:35:56,200
Speaker 1: that's a case of the witchcraft. The doctor couldn't find

495
00:35:56,280 --> 00:36:00,439
Speaker 1: anything physically wrong with either of the girls and came

496
00:36:00,480 --> 00:36:05,480
Speaker 1: to the conclusion that Betty and Abigail were cursed. It

497
00:36:05,520 --> 00:36:07,680
Speaker 1: was clear to the reverend that they just needed to

498
00:36:07,719 --> 00:36:15,160
Speaker 1: pray the sickness away, because that works. Historically, Reverend Samuel

499
00:36:15,200 --> 00:36:19,239
Speaker 1: Parris believed that prayer and religious devotion would banish any

500
00:36:19,320 --> 00:36:22,399
Speaker 1: evil magics or spirits that were cast upon the two

501
00:36:22,520 --> 00:36:28,600
Speaker 1: girls under his roof. However, some members of the town

502
00:36:28,640 --> 00:36:33,600
Speaker 1: thought a different approach would be better. The best way

503
00:36:34,040 --> 00:36:39,680
Speaker 1: they thought to fight magic was with magic, So, without

504
00:36:39,680 --> 00:36:44,719
Speaker 1: his knowledge or consent, a woman came to the Paris residence,

505
00:36:45,640 --> 00:36:51,320
Speaker 1: Mary Sibley, and with her she brought old English folk magic.

506
00:36:52,400 --> 00:36:56,960
Speaker 1: She shows up deltemine to lift the curse through folk magic.

507
00:36:57,680 --> 00:37:03,040
Speaker 1: You're not the good kind, and she explained that the

508
00:37:03,120 --> 00:37:08,439
Speaker 1: cure involved baking a witch cake, which is actually more

509
00:37:08,520 --> 00:37:14,600
Speaker 1: like a biscuit or a cookie. Ingredients include rye flour

510
00:37:15,200 --> 00:37:19,839
Speaker 1: and the urine of those afflicted. You heard me right.

511
00:37:21,400 --> 00:37:29,399
Speaker 1: So Mary Sibley instructs to Tuba to make the witch cake.

512
00:37:30,840 --> 00:37:33,600
Speaker 1: So the girl's pea was to be mixed with the

513
00:37:33,719 --> 00:37:37,719
Speaker 1: rye flour, baked into a cake slash biscuit, and then

514
00:37:37,840 --> 00:37:42,840
Speaker 1: fed to the dog. The idea would be that the

515
00:37:42,880 --> 00:37:45,120
Speaker 1: dog would then become ill, and this would be a

516
00:37:45,239 --> 00:37:49,160
Speaker 1: transference of the ailment and all the witchy sort of

517
00:37:49,160 --> 00:37:55,319
Speaker 1: stuff that goes with it. And after this it would

518
00:37:55,400 --> 00:37:59,439
Speaker 1: show who had cost the girls, like a sniffer dog,

519
00:37:59,480 --> 00:38:04,520
Speaker 1: but for because remember well, dogs were often recruited as

520
00:38:04,560 --> 00:38:11,000
Speaker 1: witches familiars and they would naturally be able to find them. Unfortunately,

521
00:38:11,400 --> 00:38:15,640
Speaker 1: the dog eats the cake and that's it. Not happens,

522
00:38:15,640 --> 00:38:20,080
Speaker 1: there's no change. The fits continue and the children are

523
00:38:20,120 --> 00:38:25,720
Speaker 1: still cursed. What it does do, though, is intrigue the town.

524
00:38:27,520 --> 00:38:30,759
Speaker 1: So the news of the witch cake spread throughout the

525
00:38:30,840 --> 00:38:36,880
Speaker 1: village and the reverend finds out and is absolutely ill livid.

526
00:38:38,160 --> 00:38:41,440
Speaker 1: He is absolutely pissed that this has happened under his

527
00:38:41,560 --> 00:38:45,520
Speaker 1: roof pul choicer once I think AnyWho. He is mad

528
00:38:45,640 --> 00:38:49,560
Speaker 1: about this. He's mad that the children were involved in

529
00:38:49,600 --> 00:38:53,760
Speaker 1: this ritual. He's mad the sort of folky, witchy stuff

530
00:38:53,880 --> 00:38:58,879
Speaker 1: was happening and alwayso I think because he was so

531
00:38:58,960 --> 00:39:02,680
Speaker 1: self involved and he really believed that he should be

532
00:39:02,680 --> 00:39:05,799
Speaker 1: held to a higher standard, the fact that nobody came

533
00:39:05,840 --> 00:39:09,080
Speaker 1: to him to like ask his permission would have made

534
00:39:09,080 --> 00:39:12,239
Speaker 1: it hurt, like so much worse. You know, he would

535
00:39:12,239 --> 00:39:19,080
Speaker 1: have been so mad. So they're not cured. But what

536
00:39:19,160 --> 00:39:23,879
Speaker 1: happens is another girl is affected. So within a day

537
00:39:23,880 --> 00:39:29,400
Speaker 1: of this happening, right, a third girl starts like showing

538
00:39:29,680 --> 00:39:33,359
Speaker 1: these same strange symptoms because obviously people are talking about

539
00:39:33,400 --> 00:39:36,799
Speaker 1: it now, right, people are chatting about it, and the

540
00:39:36,920 --> 00:39:41,920
Speaker 1: news is spreading, right. And the next girl is a

541
00:39:41,960 --> 00:39:46,000
Speaker 1: friend of Abigail and Betty's. This is Anne Putnam Junior.

542
00:39:46,880 --> 00:39:49,719
Speaker 1: She is the daughter of one of the most powerful

543
00:39:49,800 --> 00:39:54,759
Speaker 1: Salem families who are also like super into the Reverend. Like,

544
00:39:56,160 --> 00:39:58,480
Speaker 1: there are a couple of big families in Salem, and

545
00:39:58,520 --> 00:40:01,480
Speaker 1: I say that there's two and there I want to say,

546
00:40:01,680 --> 00:40:03,719
Speaker 1: I don't want to say rivals, except I do want

547
00:40:03,760 --> 00:40:08,520
Speaker 1: to say rivals. But you've got Ann Putnam Junior. She's twelve,

548
00:40:09,320 --> 00:40:16,319
Speaker 1: and she also shows signs of bewitchment and possession. But wait,

549
00:40:16,800 --> 00:40:20,680
Speaker 1: there is more. Elizabeth Hubbard, a seventeen year old girl

550
00:40:20,719 --> 00:40:24,120
Speaker 1: who lives with the doctor, right, the one who came

551
00:40:24,160 --> 00:40:27,439
Speaker 1: and like diagnosed the witchcraft. She's number four in this.

552
00:40:28,760 --> 00:40:33,960
Speaker 1: She is an orphan, she lives with a doctor. She's

553
00:40:34,040 --> 00:40:37,320
Speaker 1: basically a servant. I say, basically, she is a servant,

554
00:40:37,440 --> 00:40:41,880
Speaker 1: and she lives there, right, she's doing all the chores.

555
00:40:42,000 --> 00:40:46,799
Speaker 1: She's living a very strict puritan life. And next thing

556
00:40:46,840 --> 00:40:55,040
Speaker 1: you know, she's bewitched. She's in this so because she's

557
00:40:55,120 --> 00:40:58,000
Speaker 1: seen as a woman. She's seventy, so she's seen as

558
00:40:58,080 --> 00:41:03,040
Speaker 1: more grown up than the other three. This makes it

559
00:41:03,680 --> 00:41:07,160
Speaker 1: stand out more because they're like, oh, it's spreading to

560
00:41:07,280 --> 00:41:13,040
Speaker 1: adults now, and this affliction like this, this carries more

561
00:41:13,080 --> 00:41:17,319
Speaker 1: weight than what happens to the girls. And so she

562
00:41:17,560 --> 00:41:21,839
Speaker 1: says right that she she recognizes the demons that are

563
00:41:22,000 --> 00:41:28,520
Speaker 1: tormenting her, and she recognizes them as sort of these

564
00:41:28,560 --> 00:41:38,280
Speaker 1: spectral goals, that they are manifestations of people from the village,

565
00:41:38,920 --> 00:41:45,040
Speaker 1: which naturally in the superstitious, very religious, I don't want

566
00:41:45,040 --> 00:41:48,160
Speaker 1: to say closed off, but also I do within this

567
00:41:48,239 --> 00:41:54,319
Speaker 1: sort of boiling pot. This sets people on edge, right,

568
00:41:55,440 --> 00:42:00,960
Speaker 1: and it also brings suspicion and paranoia, and this spreads

569
00:42:01,160 --> 00:42:05,600
Speaker 1: to other girls they're having convulsions. They're being haunted by

570
00:42:05,880 --> 00:42:12,520
Speaker 1: spectral ghouls who pinch them, bite them, and the community

571
00:42:12,560 --> 00:42:16,520
Speaker 1: no one questions the cause they're like witches. It's witches.

572
00:42:17,080 --> 00:42:20,359
Speaker 1: And of course they have to be found out. They

573
00:42:20,400 --> 00:42:22,440
Speaker 1: got to sniff them out, they have to be hunted,

574
00:42:22,760 --> 00:42:27,759
Speaker 1: and they have to be destroyed by the end of February.

575
00:42:27,880 --> 00:42:32,400
Speaker 1: The fits, they're all common knowledge, Like sermons are being interrupted,

576
00:42:33,000 --> 00:42:37,600
Speaker 1: they're falling in the streets. Right, It's happening in front

577
00:42:37,640 --> 00:42:40,799
Speaker 1: of people in public, not just behind closed doors in

578
00:42:40,880 --> 00:42:47,799
Speaker 1: people's houses, right, it's everywhere. And so people are freaking out.

579
00:42:48,239 --> 00:42:52,360
Speaker 1: They're getting angry, and they want a twisted form of

580
00:42:52,560 --> 00:42:56,959
Speaker 1: justice and they want this done. No one more so

581
00:42:57,600 --> 00:43:04,040
Speaker 1: than Reverend Samuel Paris. So he is like a dog

582
00:43:04,080 --> 00:43:05,840
Speaker 1: of the bone. He wants to find out what's happening

583
00:43:05,840 --> 00:43:09,320
Speaker 1: to his daughter. Right, And at this point, this child

584
00:43:09,440 --> 00:43:14,040
Speaker 1: is fully convinced that she is cursed, Like she's exhausted,

585
00:43:14,120 --> 00:43:19,560
Speaker 1: she's anxious, and she's terrified, and she confesses to her dad,

586
00:43:20,080 --> 00:43:23,440
Speaker 1: you know, that her and Abigail had done this like

587
00:43:24,440 --> 00:43:28,520
Speaker 1: divination trick with a glass and an egg. And he

588
00:43:28,680 --> 00:43:34,600
Speaker 1: is enraged that they did like this silly little like trick. Right,

589
00:43:35,040 --> 00:43:37,840
Speaker 1: it's one of those things, you know, like to find

590
00:43:37,880 --> 00:43:39,960
Speaker 1: who's my future husband going to be? And you like

591
00:43:41,400 --> 00:43:44,479
Speaker 1: peel and apple is with you know, in one goal

592
00:43:45,120 --> 00:43:47,640
Speaker 1: and however you like throw it and it lands in

593
00:43:47,680 --> 00:43:50,360
Speaker 1: the floor of the initial is going to be your

594
00:43:50,520 --> 00:43:54,799
Speaker 1: your husband's initial. Did nobody ever do that? Am I

595
00:43:54,920 --> 00:43:56,960
Speaker 1: just like one of the three people that did that?

596
00:43:57,080 --> 00:44:00,120
Speaker 1: Or is that a common thing? That being said? It's

597
00:44:00,200 --> 00:44:02,279
Speaker 1: kind of curly, so chances are it is going to

598
00:44:02,360 --> 00:44:06,359
Speaker 1: end up as an S. Right, sometimes a J. But

599
00:44:06,400 --> 00:44:08,960
Speaker 1: don't don't date people whose name begins a J. It's

600
00:44:09,000 --> 00:44:14,880
Speaker 1: not good for you. So he is filled with fury,

601
00:44:15,120 --> 00:44:20,400
Speaker 1: like fire in brimstone fury, and he is so angry,

602
00:44:20,960 --> 00:44:24,919
Speaker 1: and you know he's he is the minister. He's doing

603
00:44:24,960 --> 00:44:28,160
Speaker 1: this in his home and bery this is what leads

604
00:44:28,360 --> 00:44:35,319
Speaker 1: her to make the first accusation. You know, who could

605
00:44:35,320 --> 00:44:39,840
Speaker 1: have done this to you? And she points at the

606
00:44:39,960 --> 00:44:56,320
Speaker 1: nearest person who the enslaved women in their home to Cuba,

607
00:44:56,920 --> 00:45:02,200
Speaker 1: This terrified child, desperate to give an answer, accuses the

608
00:45:02,360 --> 00:45:06,200
Speaker 1: nearest person who doesn't fit in with the puer tanical

609
00:45:07,360 --> 00:45:11,839
Speaker 1: way of being to Cuba because she's not a churchgoer.

610
00:45:11,920 --> 00:45:15,920
Speaker 1: She doesn't believe in the Christian religion. She's very much

611
00:45:16,160 --> 00:45:19,600
Speaker 1: holding on to the belief system she had in Barbados,

612
00:45:19,600 --> 00:45:23,880
Speaker 1: which is very much steeped in superstition and folklore. Like

613
00:45:23,960 --> 00:45:29,280
Speaker 1: that's how she lived her life, and she looked different

614
00:45:29,280 --> 00:45:32,960
Speaker 1: to everyone else. She sounded different to everyone else, her

615
00:45:33,000 --> 00:45:37,520
Speaker 1: culture was different, her religion was different. She was enslaved,

616
00:45:37,719 --> 00:45:41,759
Speaker 1: so she didn't have anyone to fight for her, and

617
00:45:41,800 --> 00:45:47,800
Speaker 1: she was low in status, a convenient scapegoat. Once Betty

618
00:45:47,880 --> 00:45:53,719
Speaker 1: has pointed the finger to Cuba, the other girls follow suit. Abigail,

619
00:45:53,840 --> 00:45:57,120
Speaker 1: she's like, this is definitely it, followed by Anne Putnam

620
00:45:57,160 --> 00:46:03,719
Speaker 1: Junior and Elizabeth Hubbard. Like Tutuba now has been blamed

621
00:46:04,400 --> 00:46:09,759
Speaker 1: for cursing four women and girls. Right, she is like,

622
00:46:09,920 --> 00:46:14,719
Speaker 1: her fate is sealed, right, She's in danger. But the

623
00:46:14,800 --> 00:46:18,719
Speaker 1: girls go on to accuse two more women from the village.

624
00:46:19,200 --> 00:46:24,360
Speaker 1: One a homeless woman who is clearly not following the

625
00:46:24,440 --> 00:46:29,800
Speaker 1: standards of the Puritanical society because not only she's homeless,

626
00:46:30,480 --> 00:46:34,120
Speaker 1: she's got a four year old daughter and she's pregnant.

627
00:46:35,360 --> 00:46:40,480
Speaker 1: Sarah Good. Sarah was homeless, She lived on the streets

628
00:46:40,480 --> 00:46:44,800
Speaker 1: of Salem, and she didn't go to any of the

629
00:46:44,880 --> 00:46:49,439
Speaker 1: sort of the church meetings because it was seen as

630
00:46:49,520 --> 00:46:54,800
Speaker 1: indecent and wrong to go there and not be dressed correctly.

631
00:46:55,400 --> 00:46:58,000
Speaker 1: And she didn't have appropriate clothes. She was too poor

632
00:46:58,440 --> 00:47:02,800
Speaker 1: to have clothes for church, and she would go begging

633
00:47:03,040 --> 00:47:09,800
Speaker 1: from door to door, another convenient target. The third person

634
00:47:09,840 --> 00:47:13,719
Speaker 1: they name is Sarah Osborne, and just like the other

635
00:47:13,800 --> 00:47:18,040
Speaker 1: two accused, she doesn't exactly meet the standards of the

636
00:47:18,080 --> 00:47:25,200
Speaker 1: Puritan lifestyle. Now, Sarah Osborne, she's an old lady, she's elderly,

637
00:47:25,520 --> 00:47:31,279
Speaker 1: she's frail, but she has a scandalous history. So like

638
00:47:32,719 --> 00:47:37,520
Speaker 1: she was originally married to like this wealthy landowner, and

639
00:47:37,600 --> 00:47:40,000
Speaker 1: this guy was related to the Putnam family, which is

640
00:47:40,000 --> 00:47:43,040
Speaker 1: like one of the big families in Salem. And so

641
00:47:43,120 --> 00:47:47,520
Speaker 1: when he dies, she inherited his land, so because she

642
00:47:47,600 --> 00:47:50,920
Speaker 1: gets it because their sons were too young, so they

643
00:47:50,920 --> 00:47:57,359
Speaker 1: weren't old enough to inherit. So she marries again, and

644
00:47:57,719 --> 00:48:00,560
Speaker 1: so because she's married, all of her property becomes the

645
00:48:00,600 --> 00:48:06,879
Speaker 1: property of her husband, who is a former indentured servant. Right,

646
00:48:07,480 --> 00:48:11,200
Speaker 1: so because he had come over as an indentual servant,

647
00:48:11,239 --> 00:48:15,239
Speaker 1: this was seen as like a very low class thing

648
00:48:15,280 --> 00:48:19,680
Speaker 1: to do because she was married to this like esteemed gentleman,

649
00:48:20,640 --> 00:48:25,920
Speaker 1: and it was seen as shocking because to marry below

650
00:48:26,000 --> 00:48:30,680
Speaker 1: her is one thing, like that's bad, right from this perspective,

651
00:48:30,680 --> 00:48:34,200
Speaker 1: they don't like that. But on top of that, like

652
00:48:35,000 --> 00:48:40,120
Speaker 1: he then this low guy gets the land that belongs

653
00:48:40,160 --> 00:48:45,719
Speaker 1: to the family. So yeah, there's this like issue the

654
00:48:45,800 --> 00:48:51,920
Speaker 1: sort of their conflict between the Putnham family and Sarah Osborne.

655
00:48:52,680 --> 00:48:57,240
Speaker 1: So shockingly enough, she's one of the people who's named

656
00:48:57,640 --> 00:49:02,960
Speaker 1: by Anne Putnam junior. So they're all different. They're all

657
00:49:03,400 --> 00:49:07,799
Speaker 1: very different, you know, ones younger, one has kids, one

658
00:49:07,880 --> 00:49:15,040
Speaker 1: is older, like, one's enslaved. They're all outsiders, you know,

659
00:49:15,320 --> 00:49:22,560
Speaker 1: they're all out with what society deems acceptable. So like

660
00:49:23,640 --> 00:49:30,680
Speaker 1: these accusations, they're first sent to the people who are vulnerable, right,

661
00:49:31,520 --> 00:49:38,200
Speaker 1: who pose a threat in some way to the Puritan culture. Right.

662
00:49:39,560 --> 00:49:43,319
Speaker 1: And so what happens is the reverend like he's got

663
00:49:43,360 --> 00:49:48,600
Speaker 1: these allegations now, so he turns the civil court of

664
00:49:48,719 --> 00:49:52,440
Speaker 1: nearby Salem, so like the actual Salem town is opposed

665
00:49:52,440 --> 00:49:57,640
Speaker 1: to Salem Village, right, he turns to that court with

666
00:49:57,800 --> 00:50:00,799
Speaker 1: the help of the Putnam family, reaches out to them

667
00:50:00,880 --> 00:50:05,680
Speaker 1: to deal with this because he's he's a preacher, right,

668
00:50:05,719 --> 00:50:09,440
Speaker 1: so he can only you know, give moral guidance. But

669
00:50:11,400 --> 00:50:16,040
Speaker 1: the magistrates from Salem town, Jonathan Corwin and John Hathorn,

670
00:50:16,520 --> 00:50:21,440
Speaker 1: they actually held the authority to investigate and prosecute crimes,

671
00:50:22,120 --> 00:50:29,520
Speaker 1: including the felony of witchcraft. So Jonathan Corwin his family

672
00:50:29,560 --> 00:50:34,000
Speaker 1: are powerful, their merchants, and they're connected to, you know,

673
00:50:34,280 --> 00:50:39,839
Speaker 1: the elite of the region. And then you've got John Hawthorne,

674
00:50:40,160 --> 00:50:45,440
Speaker 1: who is basically a rich landowner and a very staunch

675
00:50:45,680 --> 00:50:49,760
Speaker 1: Puritan who saw himself as a defender of the faith.

676
00:50:51,280 --> 00:50:55,000
Speaker 1: And as far as the Putnams and of course Reverend

677
00:50:55,000 --> 00:50:59,440
Speaker 1: Paris are concerned, these two gentlemen are the perfect choices

678
00:50:59,640 --> 00:51:05,680
Speaker 1: to lead the witch inquiry. And so on February twenty ninth,

679
00:51:05,840 --> 00:51:11,000
Speaker 1: oh a leap year sixteen ninety two, the magistrates receive

680
00:51:11,440 --> 00:51:16,920
Speaker 1: formal complaints like official like it's stamped about these three

681
00:51:17,040 --> 00:51:21,880
Speaker 1: women from Salem village. So the arrest warrants are issued

682
00:51:22,120 --> 00:51:26,960
Speaker 1: and to Tuba, Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne are all

683
00:51:27,000 --> 00:51:30,120
Speaker 1: taken into custody and brought before the magistrates in the

684
00:51:30,160 --> 00:51:36,600
Speaker 1: Salem Meetinghouse for questioning. So from the start, Hawthorne's interrogations

685
00:51:36,640 --> 00:51:42,680
Speaker 1: are aggressive, demanding that these women confess, like he has

686
00:51:42,840 --> 00:51:48,160
Speaker 1: made a name for himself as a ruthless prosecutor. And

687
00:51:48,239 --> 00:51:53,040
Speaker 1: so Sarah good. So that's the homeless woman who's pregnant. Right,

688
00:51:54,120 --> 00:51:58,520
Speaker 1: she has a reputation for being sort of argumentative, like

689
00:51:58,560 --> 00:52:02,680
Speaker 1: she'll snap back at you, right, And so she denies

690
00:52:03,120 --> 00:52:07,080
Speaker 1: the charges. She's like, absolutely not, and then she is like,

691
00:52:07,360 --> 00:52:11,960
Speaker 1: not me, it must be Sarah Osborne. So when Sarah

692
00:52:11,960 --> 00:52:17,400
Speaker 1: Osborne then has to be interrogated, she also claims to

693
00:52:17,440 --> 00:52:23,760
Speaker 1: be innocent. And shockingly, Hawthorne's attention turns to the only

694
00:52:23,840 --> 00:52:29,720
Speaker 1: women left to Chubah, who was questioned twice. The first

695
00:52:29,719 --> 00:52:35,480
Speaker 1: time she denies it, and the next day she doesn't.

696
00:52:35,840 --> 00:52:41,040
Speaker 1: She confesses. And there is a lot of evidence that

697
00:52:41,160 --> 00:52:46,040
Speaker 1: suggests that in between these two confessions, right, she was tortured,

698
00:52:46,440 --> 00:52:50,400
Speaker 1: like she got a beating and she was beaten until

699
00:52:50,880 --> 00:52:54,560
Speaker 1: she would give them the answer that they wanted. And

700
00:52:54,640 --> 00:52:59,920
Speaker 1: so not only in this confession does she like admit

701
00:53:00,120 --> 00:53:03,520
Speaker 1: to seeing and speaking with the devil who threatened to

702
00:53:03,600 --> 00:53:06,600
Speaker 1: hurt her if she did not harm the children. Like

703
00:53:06,760 --> 00:53:10,480
Speaker 1: on top of that, she also claimed that in Salem

704
00:53:11,120 --> 00:53:16,000
Speaker 1: there was a conspiracy of witches another one, right, just

705
00:53:16,280 --> 00:53:21,360
Speaker 1: like the Berwk witch trials back in Scotland. So she's

706
00:53:21,560 --> 00:53:26,279
Speaker 1: like four or five witches, like they're in Salem. One

707
00:53:26,320 --> 00:53:30,279
Speaker 1: of them is a man. And she can't name them, right,

708
00:53:30,320 --> 00:53:34,160
Speaker 1: she can't name these people because like she's like, I

709
00:53:34,200 --> 00:53:36,759
Speaker 1: didn't speak to them, I don't know their names. But

710
00:53:38,239 --> 00:53:42,680
Speaker 1: she does point out, like she identifies Sarah Good and

711
00:53:42,719 --> 00:53:47,239
Speaker 1: Sarah Osborne as being the witches who were using their

712
00:53:47,280 --> 00:53:55,279
Speaker 1: spirits to like attack the girls. Right, So you have

713
00:53:55,360 --> 00:54:00,359
Speaker 1: this like isolated community, right, You've got Reverend Paris sort

714
00:54:00,440 --> 00:54:08,040
Speaker 1: of spinning this paranoia. You have these adolescent girls living this,

715
00:54:08,719 --> 00:54:16,920
Speaker 1: you know, very patriarchal, hierarchical, strict, staunch life in this

716
00:54:17,719 --> 00:54:23,480
Speaker 1: high pressure environment. Right, You've got this, and you've got

717
00:54:24,239 --> 00:54:30,200
Speaker 1: this woman who is completely vulnerable. She's got no social power.

718
00:54:30,280 --> 00:54:36,440
Speaker 1: She's enslaved, and she is threatened and beaten and tortured.

719
00:54:37,440 --> 00:54:41,920
Speaker 1: And to confessing, she says that she didn't want to

720
00:54:41,920 --> 00:54:47,520
Speaker 1: be a witch, but they made her become one. And

721
00:54:47,560 --> 00:54:54,480
Speaker 1: so she brings in this idea of this conspiracy of witches,

722
00:54:55,719 --> 00:55:00,839
Speaker 1: and this confirms everyone's worst fear. You know, witches are real,

723
00:55:01,160 --> 00:55:08,200
Speaker 1: they're working together and they're here in Salem. And so

724
00:55:09,840 --> 00:55:13,000
Speaker 1: the denial by Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne, now they

725
00:55:13,040 --> 00:55:16,680
Speaker 1: mean nothing like Hothorne's, Like it doesn't matter now because

726
00:55:16,719 --> 00:55:23,799
Speaker 1: she confessed so to Chuba Good in Osborne, they are

727
00:55:23,840 --> 00:55:27,680
Speaker 1: interrogated for an entire week before being thrown into a

728
00:55:27,680 --> 00:55:32,320
Speaker 1: prison to await trial. But now because there's an idea

729
00:55:32,400 --> 00:55:39,080
Speaker 1: of this conspiracy, the witch hunt is only just beginning.

730
00:55:40,239 --> 00:55:44,760
Speaker 1: Now more children are showing these same symptoms that Betty,

731
00:55:45,400 --> 00:55:50,879
Speaker 1: Abigail Ann and Elizabeth had, and so they start having

732
00:55:50,880 --> 00:55:54,600
Speaker 1: these symptoms and then they start naming new suspects. So

733
00:55:54,640 --> 00:55:59,400
Speaker 1: you've got Martha Corey, who is seen as a scandalous

734
00:55:59,440 --> 00:56:03,680
Speaker 1: women in Salem because she has quote a sharp tongue

735
00:56:03,719 --> 00:56:08,239
Speaker 1: and a strong will. Now she's been married twice the

736
00:56:08,360 --> 00:56:12,640
Speaker 1: first time, she gave birth to a baby boy whose

737
00:56:12,719 --> 00:56:17,319
Speaker 1: skin tone was less like his father's and more like

738
00:56:17,360 --> 00:56:24,920
Speaker 1: that of indigenous Americans, and so like, adultery is bad

739
00:56:25,000 --> 00:56:29,520
Speaker 1: in Salem because you know Puritans. But also what's worse,

740
00:56:29,560 --> 00:56:31,720
Speaker 1: they're like, you did it with someone who wasn't white,

741
00:56:32,400 --> 00:56:36,560
Speaker 1: and like that is just more rage, right, So she's

742
00:56:36,640 --> 00:56:40,880
Speaker 1: kicked out to the Martal home and it's just and

743
00:56:40,920 --> 00:56:44,120
Speaker 1: it's a huge fucking scandal. Right. She does end up

744
00:56:44,120 --> 00:56:46,720
Speaker 1: remarrying a few years later to Jills Corey and becomes

745
00:56:46,760 --> 00:56:52,440
Speaker 1: a church member. But yeah, so she's like, you know,

746
00:56:52,600 --> 00:56:55,759
Speaker 1: gossiped about on the regular. Right, she's seen as still

747
00:56:55,760 --> 00:56:58,799
Speaker 1: an outsider because she's not following like the very prim

748
00:56:58,840 --> 00:57:02,040
Speaker 1: and proper life that you know, a good Puritan woman should.

749
00:57:03,080 --> 00:57:09,400
Speaker 1: And on top of this, right, so she dismissed like

750
00:57:09,480 --> 00:57:12,000
Speaker 1: the fits. She's like, all these kids are having fits,

751
00:57:12,040 --> 00:57:14,879
Speaker 1: Like that's not real. And she thought the witch trial

752
00:57:14,960 --> 00:57:20,840
Speaker 1: thing was stupid, right, because she's like, they're just doing it.

753
00:57:20,840 --> 00:57:25,840
Speaker 1: It's silly. And because she was mocking it and she

754
00:57:25,960 --> 00:57:29,960
Speaker 1: saw it as nonsense, like that was enough for her

755
00:57:30,000 --> 00:57:35,120
Speaker 1: to be picked. Her husband, Giles, would also be accused

756
00:57:35,120 --> 00:57:41,240
Speaker 1: within that month. Then the next was a seventy one

757
00:57:41,320 --> 00:57:46,480
Speaker 1: year old pillar of the community, Rebecca Nurse. Right. She

758
00:57:46,680 --> 00:57:50,480
Speaker 1: had a large family, she was well known, she was

759
00:57:51,440 --> 00:57:56,440
Speaker 1: respected by many, you know, not the Putinams though, because

760
00:57:56,600 --> 00:57:59,760
Speaker 1: she had been in this very long dispute with them

761
00:58:00,240 --> 00:58:06,320
Speaker 1: land and so then they're like, she's definitely part of it.

762
00:58:06,880 --> 00:58:12,440
Speaker 1: And of course the next person is Bridget Bishop. Right.

763
00:58:14,520 --> 00:58:22,040
Speaker 1: She was yet not well received by the Puritans. Because

764
00:58:23,680 --> 00:58:27,600
Speaker 1: she wore a bright red bodice instead of a black one,

765
00:58:28,040 --> 00:58:33,800
Speaker 1: and she was married twice. She owned a tavern and

766
00:58:34,000 --> 00:58:39,440
Speaker 1: held drinking parties late into the night. And also she

767
00:58:39,480 --> 00:58:45,400
Speaker 1: had been like suspected of witchcraft before. Oh she's beguiling people.

768
00:58:45,640 --> 00:58:51,560
Speaker 1: Now she's just selling them booze pal By April, the

769
00:58:51,720 --> 00:58:56,360
Speaker 1: jail cells are full, but they're they're like arresting more

770
00:58:56,400 --> 00:59:01,480
Speaker 1: people daily. You've got the former Salem minister George Barrows

771
00:59:01,760 --> 00:59:08,160
Speaker 1: right like this is getting ridiculous because like the scale

772
00:59:08,160 --> 00:59:12,520
Speaker 1: of this is threatening to overwhelm the magistrates. Like and

773
00:59:12,560 --> 00:59:16,480
Speaker 1: so because they're accusing so many people, they need like

774
00:59:16,720 --> 00:59:19,880
Speaker 1: to fast track the legal process to get people brought

775
00:59:19,880 --> 00:59:25,480
Speaker 1: to trial. In May, the Governor William Phipps, he establishes

776
00:59:25,520 --> 00:59:29,440
Speaker 1: the Court of Oil in Termina, so this means to

777
00:59:29,600 --> 00:59:34,520
Speaker 1: hear and determine. So you've got Chief Justice William Stotton

778
00:59:34,560 --> 00:59:40,000
Speaker 1: presiding over it. Shockingly enough, another very staunch Puritan, and

779
00:59:40,080 --> 00:59:45,000
Speaker 1: he was super convinced of the devil's power. So he's

780
00:59:45,680 --> 00:59:48,520
Speaker 1: oh God, like he studied theology in England. He's also

781
00:59:48,560 --> 00:59:52,160
Speaker 1: Harvard educated, because of course he is. And now he

782
00:59:52,280 --> 00:59:57,440
Speaker 1: is Lieutenant Governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony and a

783
00:59:57,680 --> 01:00:03,120
Speaker 1: very very well respected public. So along with the magistrates,

784
01:00:03,160 --> 01:00:08,640
Speaker 1: he's got you know, like jurors mainly sort of landowners

785
01:00:08,640 --> 01:00:14,240
Speaker 1: from Salem and the surrounding areas. So his trials they're

786
01:00:14,280 --> 01:00:19,000
Speaker 1: not ordinary trials because you've got like little to no evidence.

787
01:00:19,760 --> 01:00:29,480
Speaker 1: You're basically relying practically almost entirely on like the victims testimony.

788
01:00:29,520 --> 01:00:33,040
Speaker 1: And so you've got the girls who are there and

789
01:00:33,080 --> 01:00:36,920
Speaker 1: they sit in and they watch every single trial like

790
01:00:38,040 --> 01:00:40,600
Speaker 1: they make absolutely sure, like that there is no doubt

791
01:00:40,640 --> 01:00:45,080
Speaker 1: about this. So the each girl would be examined, they

792
01:00:45,080 --> 01:00:47,880
Speaker 1: would take a statement from one and they would be like,

793
01:00:47,960 --> 01:00:53,520
Speaker 1: oh goody, Osborne would send this creepy shape into her

794
01:00:53,600 --> 01:00:58,320
Speaker 1: window and torture me at night. And then so like

795
01:00:58,360 --> 01:01:00,120
Speaker 1: they would do that, they'd bring the witch up and

796
01:01:00,160 --> 01:01:02,680
Speaker 1: then they'd be like what do you say about this?

797
01:01:03,160 --> 01:01:07,520
Speaker 1: And they're like, I didn't, I don't know. And so

798
01:01:08,880 --> 01:01:12,160
Speaker 1: when sort of the accused, which shall we say, was

799
01:01:12,200 --> 01:01:16,880
Speaker 1: speaking the girls and sort of in the court that

800
01:01:17,000 --> 01:01:21,840
Speaker 1: you know, they afflicted like they would shake, some would scream,

801
01:01:21,920 --> 01:01:26,600
Speaker 1: like they would have like a visceral reaction to it.

802
01:01:27,320 --> 01:01:30,960
Speaker 1: Now this could just be literally fear and just like

803
01:01:31,040 --> 01:01:32,960
Speaker 1: if you think someone attacked you and you see them

804
01:01:33,000 --> 01:01:38,560
Speaker 1: like your body shakes, that could be it. So like

805
01:01:39,760 --> 01:01:42,320
Speaker 1: they would talk about, oh, I've seen this familiar or

806
01:01:42,360 --> 01:01:45,720
Speaker 1: I'm being precked with pins, and they would do these

807
01:01:46,520 --> 01:01:55,000
Speaker 1: performances at every single examination. So they would just you know,

808
01:01:55,200 --> 01:01:58,680
Speaker 1: claim that they would say like the apparitions or the familiars,

809
01:01:58,760 --> 01:02:03,080
Speaker 1: and they would be choked and and stabbed, and these

810
01:02:03,160 --> 01:02:09,080
Speaker 1: dramatic scenes happening in the court. They were taken as fact.

811
01:02:10,160 --> 01:02:13,520
Speaker 1: And so the first to stand trial under this system

812
01:02:14,160 --> 01:02:20,120
Speaker 1: was Bridget Bishop. And so when she's brought out the girls,

813
01:02:20,160 --> 01:02:24,080
Speaker 1: they start doing these like fits and whatnot, and whenever

814
01:02:24,160 --> 01:02:29,120
Speaker 1: she speaks, they claim that her words caused them pain,

815
01:02:29,360 --> 01:02:34,520
Speaker 1: like real, actual physical pain. And even though they're like,

816
01:02:34,600 --> 01:02:38,680
Speaker 1: she's hurting me when she talks, right, the judges they

817
01:02:39,000 --> 01:02:44,160
Speaker 1: force her to confess. So like Bridget, obviously she denies

818
01:02:44,200 --> 01:02:48,640
Speaker 1: any wrongdoing, and then her neighbors come in right and

819
01:02:48,640 --> 01:02:53,360
Speaker 1: they're like, you know, she cursed her crops and killed

820
01:02:53,360 --> 01:02:57,480
Speaker 1: her livestock and even appeared as like a ghoul in

821
01:02:57,520 --> 01:03:00,160
Speaker 1: the night. It's sort of the same accusations that you've

822
01:03:00,200 --> 01:03:03,120
Speaker 1: seen throughout the witch trials. It's like she made my

823
01:03:03,200 --> 01:03:06,440
Speaker 1: cowsick and now it doesn't produce milk. Oh, the butter

824
01:03:06,680 --> 01:03:11,520
Speaker 1: isn't churning, or my beer has gone bad. Like that

825
01:03:11,680 --> 01:03:15,920
Speaker 1: is it's a consistent thing, you know, these crimes they

826
01:03:15,920 --> 01:03:20,160
Speaker 1: were cused of. It is like they're so like explainable

827
01:03:20,400 --> 01:03:22,800
Speaker 1: in so many other ways, but they just didn't have

828
01:03:22,880 --> 01:03:25,600
Speaker 1: a way to explain it at the time. And in

829
01:03:25,640 --> 01:03:32,400
Speaker 1: Salem's Cauldron of Fear, these like minuscule acts, right, they

830
01:03:32,760 --> 01:03:37,520
Speaker 1: become significant all of a sudden, these are curses of

831
01:03:37,600 --> 01:03:42,120
Speaker 1: an agent of the devil. Right, So like her home

832
01:03:42,200 --> 01:03:46,400
Speaker 1: is searched, so Bridget Bishop, and you know, there's these

833
01:03:46,440 --> 01:03:50,040
Speaker 1: little fabric dolls in there, like they're called a poppet.

834
01:03:50,760 --> 01:03:53,120
Speaker 1: There's been a sort of like a voodoo doll kind

835
01:03:53,200 --> 01:03:57,160
Speaker 1: of thing, and they're like, oh, these were there. Now

836
01:03:58,240 --> 01:04:00,600
Speaker 1: we don't actually know if they were act found in

837
01:04:00,600 --> 01:04:04,520
Speaker 1: our house or whether they were planted, but as far

838
01:04:04,560 --> 01:04:09,040
Speaker 1: as they're concerned, they're like these are real. And so

839
01:04:10,000 --> 01:04:15,040
Speaker 1: Bridget Bishop is found guilty of witchcraft, and on the

840
01:04:15,120 --> 01:04:17,960
Speaker 1: tenth of June sixteen ninety two, she is taken to

841
01:04:18,040 --> 01:04:23,320
Speaker 1: Gallows Hill and hanged, and becomes the first women to

842
01:04:23,440 --> 01:04:28,440
Speaker 1: be officially executed in the Salem witch trials, but she

843
01:04:28,640 --> 01:04:31,520
Speaker 1: is not going to be the last. So as the

844
01:04:31,560 --> 01:04:35,880
Speaker 1: trials like really start getting momentum, so you've caught like

845
01:04:36,440 --> 01:04:40,200
Speaker 1: neighbors turning on each other. There's like past disagreements like

846
01:04:40,280 --> 01:04:46,320
Speaker 1: being attached to these claims. However, there are some accused

847
01:04:46,360 --> 01:04:49,160
Speaker 1: that are so well liked in their community, by their friends,

848
01:04:49,200 --> 01:04:52,000
Speaker 1: by their neighbors, that they just won't stand by and

849
01:04:52,080 --> 01:04:57,240
Speaker 1: let them be like accused, Like they'll testify in their defense.

850
01:04:58,440 --> 01:05:02,320
Speaker 1: So Rebecca Nurse is one of these people. So on

851
01:05:02,360 --> 01:05:05,560
Speaker 1: the twenty ninth of June sixteen ninety two, you know,

852
01:05:06,160 --> 01:05:09,000
Speaker 1: the whole village they have shown up to the meetinghouse

853
01:05:09,000 --> 01:05:11,840
Speaker 1: in Salem because they want to see what's going to

854
01:05:11,880 --> 01:05:16,720
Speaker 1: happen to seventy one year old Rebecca Nurse. As Rebecca

855
01:05:16,880 --> 01:05:22,160
Speaker 1: is brought into the courthouse in shackles, right, she's elderly,

856
01:05:22,280 --> 01:05:26,160
Speaker 1: she's frail. She's in this like really simple dress and

857
01:05:26,280 --> 01:05:30,800
Speaker 1: she's sort of shuffling in and loads of people there

858
01:05:30,840 --> 01:05:32,640
Speaker 1: are there to support her. But the girls there in

859
01:05:32,680 --> 01:05:37,000
Speaker 1: their like usual spot, and they just start like acting out. Immediately,

860
01:05:37,480 --> 01:05:42,800
Speaker 1: You've got Ann Putnam screaming Abigail, she's screaming one whales

861
01:05:42,800 --> 01:05:48,160
Speaker 1: that she's like being pinched. And Rebecca she's like pleading

862
01:05:48,920 --> 01:05:52,240
Speaker 1: her innocence, right, like she's claiming to be, you know,

863
01:05:52,440 --> 01:05:58,160
Speaker 1: not a fucking witch. She's just a grandmother, right, and right,

864
01:05:59,240 --> 01:06:03,080
Speaker 1: one by one people come forward, like some are like

865
01:06:04,160 --> 01:06:06,680
Speaker 1: there too, you know, oh she looked at my cow,

866
01:06:06,720 --> 01:06:12,280
Speaker 1: funny ones, but more people come to her defense. More

867
01:06:12,320 --> 01:06:16,760
Speaker 1: than thirty nine of them, right, have signed a petition

868
01:06:17,360 --> 01:06:22,160
Speaker 1: swearing to her good nature. And because of the amount

869
01:06:22,560 --> 01:06:28,240
Speaker 1: of like support she has. Right, the jury, who are

870
01:06:28,280 --> 01:06:33,800
Speaker 1: usually just like witch done, they actually have to go deliberate, right,

871
01:06:34,800 --> 01:06:37,840
Speaker 1: So they go and by the time they come back, right,

872
01:06:38,320 --> 01:06:44,520
Speaker 1: Rebecca Nurse, she's exhausted, she's terrified. Right, And the jury

873
01:06:44,560 --> 01:06:53,960
Speaker 1: come back with their their verdict, Rebecca Nurse is not guilty.

874
01:06:54,640 --> 01:06:56,600
Speaker 1: And you've got this like moment where this sort of

875
01:06:56,760 --> 01:07:01,000
Speaker 1: relief sort of fills the court, and it is it

876
01:07:01,080 --> 01:07:07,200
Speaker 1: does not last very long because after this, right, the

877
01:07:07,280 --> 01:07:13,200
Speaker 1: girls just go absolutely mental. Right. They're like shrieking and

878
01:07:13,240 --> 01:07:17,640
Speaker 1: screaming and like you know, having convulsions, and they're like

879
01:07:19,120 --> 01:07:23,160
Speaker 1: Satan is smiling and every that's like the worst they've

880
01:07:23,200 --> 01:07:31,920
Speaker 1: ever seen and so the Chief Justice, right, William Staton, like,

881
01:07:32,080 --> 01:07:35,080
Speaker 1: he tells the jury they have to reconsider because of

882
01:07:35,120 --> 01:07:41,320
Speaker 1: this just fucking drama that is being performed in the courtroom, right, right,

883
01:07:42,280 --> 01:07:45,520
Speaker 1: he tells the jury to reconsider. And so the jurors

884
01:07:45,680 --> 01:07:48,760
Speaker 1: like whisper amongst themselves and were turned back with guilty,

885
01:07:49,640 --> 01:07:54,920
Speaker 1: and she is condemned to hang. Right now, I understand that,

886
01:07:55,160 --> 01:07:57,800
Speaker 1: like there's a bunch of psychological reasons that this could

887
01:07:57,800 --> 01:08:02,640
Speaker 1: be happening, but these little shits, right, I'm so mad

888
01:08:02,680 --> 01:08:05,680
Speaker 1: at these girls. I'm so mad. Like a lot of

889
01:08:05,680 --> 01:08:09,920
Speaker 1: them don't know what they're doing, but it feels a

890
01:08:10,000 --> 01:08:13,360
Speaker 1: little bit to me, like you know, when you've done

891
01:08:13,440 --> 01:08:16,759
Speaker 1: something and you've leaned into the lie a little too much,

892
01:08:17,439 --> 01:08:20,519
Speaker 1: and now you have to do that, Like you meet

893
01:08:20,520 --> 01:08:23,640
Speaker 1: someone and you pretend to have an accent that you

894
01:08:23,680 --> 01:08:26,040
Speaker 1: don't have, and then every time you meet them, you

895
01:08:26,080 --> 01:08:29,240
Speaker 1: have to pretend to have that accent. Yeah, like that.

896
01:08:29,840 --> 01:08:39,800
Speaker 1: So yeah, Rebecca is then led away and then she

897
01:08:39,920 --> 01:08:42,960
Speaker 1: goes back to the meetinghouse on the third of July

898
01:08:43,680 --> 01:08:48,960
Speaker 1: for her public excommunication. And this is a deeply religious woman, right,

899
01:08:49,040 --> 01:08:52,760
Speaker 1: who's lived her whole life by these rules, but and

900
01:08:52,960 --> 01:08:57,599
Speaker 1: for her, what's going to happen is she's excommunicated, right,

901
01:08:57,640 --> 01:09:01,439
Speaker 1: which for her is a fate worse than death, because

902
01:09:02,200 --> 01:09:06,960
Speaker 1: for her, that's eternal damnation. It's worse than death to her.

903
01:09:07,640 --> 01:09:10,960
Speaker 1: And like just over two weeks later, like she and

904
01:09:11,040 --> 01:09:15,200
Speaker 1: four other convicted women, you know, they are carted through

905
01:09:15,240 --> 01:09:18,920
Speaker 1: the town on the way to the execution site. And

906
01:09:19,000 --> 01:09:25,200
Speaker 1: even before she dies, she protests her innocence. Sarah Good,

907
01:09:25,560 --> 01:09:29,719
Speaker 1: she's there too, but she is defiant as ever. Now

908
01:09:29,960 --> 01:09:33,240
Speaker 1: she had had her baby, like she'd given birth, now

909
01:09:33,280 --> 01:09:36,640
Speaker 1: that the infant didn't survive. Shockingly enough, giving birth in

910
01:09:36,720 --> 01:09:39,479
Speaker 1: prison isn't you know, the easiest thing to do in

911
01:09:39,520 --> 01:09:47,960
Speaker 1: the seventeenth century. But yeah, so Rebecca nurse, Sarah Good

912
01:09:48,040 --> 01:09:51,600
Speaker 1: and two others are hung that day. And here's the

913
01:09:51,600 --> 01:09:54,960
Speaker 1: worst part about these gallows as well, is that they're

914
01:09:55,080 --> 01:10:00,920
Speaker 1: not properly made, and so those hanged like they're there

915
01:10:00,960 --> 01:10:05,160
Speaker 1: for minutes, like they are strangled as opposed to having

916
01:10:05,160 --> 01:10:07,280
Speaker 1: the short drop in sudden stop of the neck break,

917
01:10:08,200 --> 01:10:13,439
Speaker 1: and so they hang there being strangled slowly like it's

918
01:10:15,120 --> 01:10:19,519
Speaker 1: it's awful. So after they're executed, they're thrown into shallow

919
01:10:19,560 --> 01:10:24,920
Speaker 1: graves like they're just dumped in. Now Rebecca and Nurses family,

920
01:10:24,960 --> 01:10:30,400
Speaker 1: they sneak in, right, and they retrieve her body from

921
01:10:30,439 --> 01:10:33,240
Speaker 1: the shallow grave and they bring it back to their

922
01:10:33,280 --> 01:10:36,840
Speaker 1: family land and bury her there instead like giving her

923
01:10:36,880 --> 01:10:40,400
Speaker 1: as proper a burial as she can have. And it's

924
01:10:40,479 --> 01:10:47,120
Speaker 1: actually her conviction and execution, which is like the worrying

925
01:10:47,200 --> 01:10:54,800
Speaker 1: one because she's a pious, you know, respectable woman, Like

926
01:10:55,200 --> 01:11:04,599
Speaker 1: if she was convicted, like, who's safe. Right, So summer

927
01:11:04,640 --> 01:11:09,720
Speaker 1: of sixteen ninety two goes on, and you've got the

928
01:11:09,880 --> 01:11:14,400
Speaker 1: alleged victims are in they're in there, and they're continuing

929
01:11:14,439 --> 01:11:21,719
Speaker 1: to do this performance, right, Like this is where doubt

930
01:11:22,360 --> 01:11:27,360
Speaker 1: starts to creep in a little bit, like because after

931
01:11:27,479 --> 01:11:31,920
Speaker 1: the execution of Rebecca Nurse, some people can't really believe

932
01:11:32,000 --> 01:11:35,080
Speaker 1: that it happened or that, you know, they actually did it.

933
01:11:36,160 --> 01:11:40,280
Speaker 1: And it's after this the accusations really start to go

934
01:11:40,479 --> 01:11:46,200
Speaker 1: like out of control. So it's not just you know, outcasts, outsiders,

935
01:11:46,240 --> 01:11:50,400
Speaker 1: just people who aren't you know, following the rules of

936
01:11:50,520 --> 01:11:55,160
Speaker 1: the Puritan society of you know, the staunch church goer,

937
01:11:55,320 --> 01:12:02,439
Speaker 1: Like everyone is fair game at this point, so respected

938
01:12:02,520 --> 01:12:08,240
Speaker 1: members of the community, you know, prominent affluent. You know,

939
01:12:08,840 --> 01:12:12,600
Speaker 1: these people are the ones that are that are being accused.

940
01:12:14,160 --> 01:12:22,040
Speaker 1: In August John Proctor, who's very affluent and also a

941
01:12:22,400 --> 01:12:26,000
Speaker 1: very outspoken critic of the trial, like he goes to

942
01:12:26,040 --> 01:12:32,240
Speaker 1: the gallows, and so him the preacher George Burrows, who

943
01:12:32,640 --> 01:12:37,559
Speaker 1: shocks everybody because he recites the Lord's prayer just before

944
01:12:37,600 --> 01:12:41,320
Speaker 1: his death. Like there was this belief that a witch

945
01:12:41,880 --> 01:12:45,920
Speaker 1: could not, you know, could not recite the Lord's prayer.

946
01:12:45,960 --> 01:12:47,920
Speaker 1: They couldn't do it because you know of their like

947
01:12:48,040 --> 01:12:55,080
Speaker 1: devil connection. And so when Proctor, Burrows and two other

948
01:12:55,200 --> 01:12:59,000
Speaker 1: men when they are hanged that day, when this happens,

949
01:12:59,120 --> 01:13:05,160
Speaker 1: it always the seeds of doubt in people's minds, you know,

950
01:13:05,280 --> 01:13:09,360
Speaker 1: the idea is floated that perhaps, you know, this isn't

951
01:13:09,400 --> 01:13:12,760
Speaker 1: exactly a righteous purge after all, because of all of

952
01:13:12,800 --> 01:13:17,680
Speaker 1: these you know, very you know, prominent people with influence

953
01:13:17,720 --> 01:13:21,519
Speaker 1: and resources. If they're the ones being attacked, perhaps this

954
01:13:21,640 --> 01:13:27,280
Speaker 1: is something more political as opposed to religious. So a

955
01:13:27,320 --> 01:13:32,720
Speaker 1: lot of these, like higher ranking families, they flit like

956
01:13:33,240 --> 01:13:36,439
Speaker 1: out of fear or out of like worry, you know,

957
01:13:36,600 --> 01:13:41,760
Speaker 1: of of like a member being accused. And so while

958
01:13:41,800 --> 01:13:47,400
Speaker 1: this happens, the public confidence in this whole process is

959
01:13:47,400 --> 01:13:51,639
Speaker 1: starting to wither away, but the trials aren't done yet,

960
01:13:52,680 --> 01:13:54,479
Speaker 1: and this is going to be this is going to

961
01:13:54,520 --> 01:13:59,120
Speaker 1: be a hard one. On the nineteenth of September sixteen

962
01:13:59,200 --> 01:14:06,200
Speaker 1: ninety two, in this field, opposite the jail, there is

963
01:14:06,760 --> 01:14:12,759
Speaker 1: a man lying flat on his back, eighty year old

964
01:14:12,960 --> 01:14:19,479
Speaker 1: Giles Corey. That's right, Martha's husband, second husband. He's laying

965
01:14:19,520 --> 01:14:22,400
Speaker 1: on his back. He's there on the ground, his arms

966
01:14:22,439 --> 01:14:26,320
Speaker 1: are splayed, and across his chest there is a rough

967
01:14:26,680 --> 01:14:31,599
Speaker 1: plank of wood, and on top of the plank there

968
01:14:31,680 --> 01:14:38,080
Speaker 1: is a pile of heavy rocks. And so for two days,

969
01:14:38,840 --> 01:14:43,960
Speaker 1: Sheriff Corwin has been demanding, you know, a confession from him,

970
01:14:44,080 --> 01:14:48,120
Speaker 1: one way or the other, and Giles has been refusing,

971
01:14:48,360 --> 01:14:53,920
Speaker 1: and every time he does, another heavy stone is added.

972
01:14:54,520 --> 01:14:58,840
Speaker 1: The whole point of this actual torture is to press

973
01:14:59,240 --> 01:15:03,760
Speaker 1: the pla from this suspect. So this young man is

974
01:15:03,800 --> 01:15:06,719
Speaker 1: holding this big rock and he is yet again told

975
01:15:06,760 --> 01:15:11,880
Speaker 1: to drop it onto the chest of this eighteen year

976
01:15:11,920 --> 01:15:18,599
Speaker 1: old man, so it thuds on him. At this point,

977
01:15:18,920 --> 01:15:21,080
Speaker 1: his skin is pale and his lips are blue like

978
01:15:21,120 --> 01:15:24,720
Speaker 1: this man is like his lungs are being crushed. And

979
01:15:24,800 --> 01:15:32,639
Speaker 1: so John Corwin, he's demanding. He's demanding this confession and

980
01:15:33,720 --> 01:15:36,800
Speaker 1: sort of jitles. His mouth starts to move and he

981
01:15:36,880 --> 01:15:41,519
Speaker 1: leans into him and in what I could only say

982
01:15:41,760 --> 01:15:47,120
Speaker 1: the best fuck this for a game of soldiers, his

983
01:15:47,520 --> 01:15:54,080
Speaker 1: words are more weight because see, he has to play

984
01:15:54,160 --> 01:15:56,519
Speaker 1: guilty or not guilty. If he doesn't played one way

985
01:15:56,600 --> 01:16:00,920
Speaker 1: or the other, he can't be like, he can't be tried, right,

986
01:16:01,360 --> 01:16:03,599
Speaker 1: but if they try him, he's gonna be found guilty

987
01:16:04,320 --> 01:16:09,759
Speaker 1: and everything in his quite considerable estate will be seized.

988
01:16:11,320 --> 01:16:15,240
Speaker 1: But by not pleading and not being tried, it means

989
01:16:15,320 --> 01:16:19,840
Speaker 1: that his lands, like, instead of being seized, will go

990
01:16:19,920 --> 01:16:24,360
Speaker 1: to his sons, like they will inherit it. Right. This

991
01:16:24,720 --> 01:16:29,120
Speaker 1: is this is not great for Corwin because he's been

992
01:16:29,160 --> 01:16:33,000
Speaker 1: doing really well financially accusing people of witchcraft because he's

993
01:16:33,000 --> 01:16:41,800
Speaker 1: been you know, getting his goods in. And so the

994
01:16:41,840 --> 01:16:44,000
Speaker 1: fellow who's holding rocks, he's getting ready to put the

995
01:16:44,120 --> 01:16:47,400
Speaker 1: last one on because he's like more weight. And this

996
01:16:47,439 --> 01:16:50,679
Speaker 1: shows you what a sadistic motherfucker this guy Corwin is. Right,

997
01:16:51,479 --> 01:16:55,519
Speaker 1: So instead of dropping another rock on him, right, he

998
01:16:55,760 --> 01:16:59,120
Speaker 1: steps on the board that is on this eighty year

999
01:16:59,160 --> 01:17:02,080
Speaker 1: old man's chin, which is also again, let this we

1000
01:17:02,200 --> 01:17:08,360
Speaker 1: forget covered with rocks. Right, so he ends up like

1001
01:17:08,640 --> 01:17:14,960
Speaker 1: shifting you know, his weight, demanding a plea from this

1002
01:17:14,960 --> 01:17:18,760
Speaker 1: this guy. And like there was Onlo Guercy or people

1003
01:17:18,800 --> 01:17:22,960
Speaker 1: are watching this happen and they are fucking shocked, right,

1004
01:17:23,640 --> 01:17:28,519
Speaker 1: and yeah, people are praying, some people like can't watch

1005
01:17:28,520 --> 01:17:35,639
Speaker 1: it anymore. And then, unsurprisingly, because his lungs are fucking crushed,

1006
01:17:36,080 --> 01:17:40,120
Speaker 1: Giles Corey dies. So he's got no conviction of witchcraft.

1007
01:17:40,600 --> 01:17:45,639
Speaker 1: His estate isn't seized and his sons managed to get it.

1008
01:17:46,520 --> 01:17:54,080
Speaker 1: And this pisces of the accusers so much like everyone

1009
01:17:54,160 --> 01:17:58,920
Speaker 1: knew who Giles Corey was, right, and he stopped the

1010
01:17:58,960 --> 01:18:03,800
Speaker 1: court's ability to charge him. He refused to recognize their

1011
01:18:03,840 --> 01:18:08,800
Speaker 1: authority over them, right, he defied them effectively, and after

1012
01:18:08,840 --> 01:18:14,040
Speaker 1: the hanging of Rebecca Nurse, right, Giles Corey being pressed

1013
01:18:14,800 --> 01:18:19,400
Speaker 1: is just it's a flashball moment for the village's attitude

1014
01:18:19,439 --> 01:18:22,559
Speaker 1: to the trials, Like there was a massive turn at

1015
01:18:22,600 --> 01:18:25,519
Speaker 1: this point. But yet you know, the gallows are still

1016
01:18:25,800 --> 01:18:31,759
Speaker 1: seeing victims swinging, because like three days after Giles Corey

1017
01:18:31,880 --> 01:18:36,000
Speaker 1: is pressed. So the twenty second of September sixteen ninety two,

1018
01:18:36,960 --> 01:18:42,799
Speaker 1: seven women and one man are hanged at Gallows Hill.

1019
01:18:43,000 --> 01:18:48,240
Speaker 1: One of them is Martha, right, Martha, who again was

1020
01:18:48,320 --> 01:18:51,439
Speaker 1: mocking the whole idea of the witch trials. She had

1021
01:18:51,439 --> 01:18:56,080
Speaker 1: refused to attend them, called the girl's liars and basically

1022
01:18:56,120 --> 01:19:01,559
Speaker 1: spoke out about it. Right, So yeah, I feel like

1023
01:19:01,840 --> 01:19:05,439
Speaker 1: her execution was more of a revenge because they couldn't

1024
01:19:05,479 --> 01:19:11,840
Speaker 1: get the husband to stop. Now Martha, she is hung

1025
01:19:11,960 --> 01:19:16,360
Speaker 1: along with the sister of Rebecca, nurse Mary Easty, who

1026
01:19:16,439 --> 01:19:22,120
Speaker 1: is like play season and shockingly enough, no they don't.

1027
01:19:23,680 --> 01:19:27,200
Speaker 1: So when they are executed. The Salem Death told rises

1028
01:19:27,600 --> 01:19:31,839
Speaker 1: to twenty two. So you've got nineteen who were hanged,

1029
01:19:32,840 --> 01:19:36,360
Speaker 1: two died in prison, and one was crushed to death

1030
01:19:36,400 --> 01:19:40,920
Speaker 1: by stones. There are so many people still awaiting trial.

1031
01:19:41,360 --> 01:19:43,800
Speaker 1: You've got some who had been found guilty and were

1032
01:19:43,800 --> 01:19:47,959
Speaker 1: waiting for their execution date. And like, this was getting

1033
01:19:48,520 --> 01:19:51,639
Speaker 1: huge and it was becoming very difficult for the wider

1034
01:19:51,680 --> 01:19:56,519
Speaker 1: community to live with. One of the people struggling to

1035
01:19:56,560 --> 01:20:01,839
Speaker 1: stomach the trials at this point was Increase and Cotton,

1036
01:20:01,960 --> 01:20:06,599
Speaker 1: mother like two of the most influential ministers in New England,

1037
01:20:07,680 --> 01:20:11,160
Speaker 1: this father and son duo. They're just like getting very

1038
01:20:11,200 --> 01:20:16,920
Speaker 1: uneasy with this right, so increase mother, Like he's seen

1039
01:20:17,000 --> 01:20:21,000
Speaker 1: this as chaos, Like he is publicly condemning the use

1040
01:20:21,040 --> 01:20:26,840
Speaker 1: of quote spectral evidence, Like he says, it's better that

1041
01:20:27,000 --> 01:20:30,320
Speaker 1: ten suspected, which you should escape, than one innocent person

1042
01:20:30,880 --> 01:20:37,759
Speaker 1: being condemned. Like he even appeals to the governor directly,

1043
01:20:37,800 --> 01:20:41,639
Speaker 1: So Governor Phipps, he's like begging him to put an

1044
01:20:41,760 --> 01:20:45,679
Speaker 1: end to this madness. Like he'd been away though, because

1045
01:20:45,680 --> 01:20:50,080
Speaker 1: he'd been away on this like awful brutal military campaign

1046
01:20:50,080 --> 01:20:53,479
Speaker 1: in Quebec, because there's this war with the French with

1047
01:20:53,680 --> 01:20:58,040
Speaker 1: King William so as in William and Mary, and so

1048
01:20:58,160 --> 01:21:02,840
Speaker 1: he comes back and the colony is just it's wild, right,

1049
01:21:03,160 --> 01:21:09,280
Speaker 1: his special court has executed dozens of people, mainly on

1050
01:21:09,400 --> 01:21:15,200
Speaker 1: nothing more than sort of wild accusations by children. Because

1051
01:21:15,240 --> 01:21:18,680
Speaker 1: like these trials kept happening. There wasn't an end in sight,

1052
01:21:18,800 --> 01:21:21,880
Speaker 1: Like it wasn't slowing down. It was supposed to like

1053
01:21:21,960 --> 01:21:24,360
Speaker 1: read the Town of Evil, but it just seemed to

1054
01:21:24,400 --> 01:21:31,640
Speaker 1: be snowballing, and like it didn't really seem to like

1055
01:21:31,760 --> 01:21:36,200
Speaker 1: be as huge of a problem until the governor's wife

1056
01:21:36,280 --> 01:21:41,040
Speaker 1: was accused. So like on top of this, it was

1057
01:21:41,080 --> 01:21:44,040
Speaker 1: too expensive, right, it was expensive to keep doing this,

1058
01:21:44,720 --> 01:21:47,680
Speaker 1: and it was attracting too much attention. And there were

1059
01:21:47,680 --> 01:21:50,080
Speaker 1: like a couple hundred people in the prison like at

1060
01:21:50,080 --> 01:21:55,320
Speaker 1: this point, and that's a substantial percentage of the population,

1061
01:21:55,479 --> 01:21:58,559
Speaker 1: and that's not including those who had already been put

1062
01:21:58,600 --> 01:22:02,960
Speaker 1: to death. So first thing Governor Phipps does is he

1063
01:22:03,080 --> 01:22:07,080
Speaker 1: stops the use of the spectral evidence because he's like,

1064
01:22:07,560 --> 01:22:10,839
Speaker 1: this can lead to miscarriage justice, right, So he needs,

1065
01:22:11,760 --> 01:22:17,800
Speaker 1: you know, physical reliable evidence, and without that, it's very

1066
01:22:17,800 --> 01:22:21,519
Speaker 1: difficult for the court to convict. And so these cases

1067
01:22:21,600 --> 01:22:25,599
Speaker 1: fall apart and trials collapse. He disbands. The second thing

1068
01:22:25,600 --> 01:22:28,519
Speaker 1: he does is he disbands the Court of Oier and Terminer,

1069
01:22:29,200 --> 01:22:33,720
Speaker 1: removing the authority of the judges, many of him have

1070
01:22:33,840 --> 01:22:36,519
Speaker 1: been a bit too zealous in the post of witches.

1071
01:22:37,640 --> 01:22:40,360
Speaker 1: In its place, he creates a new court to review

1072
01:22:40,360 --> 01:22:44,479
Speaker 1: the cases, effectively ensuring that no more innocent people are condemned.

1073
01:22:45,400 --> 01:22:48,840
Speaker 1: And so the executions are over and the panic fades away.

1074
01:22:50,360 --> 01:22:53,799
Speaker 1: And so you've got these people questioning the whole validity

1075
01:22:53,840 --> 01:22:57,000
Speaker 1: of the process, and like you've got some who are like,

1076
01:22:57,200 --> 01:22:59,519
Speaker 1: we've still done the right thing by Salem, Like you've

1077
01:22:59,520 --> 01:23:03,280
Speaker 1: got these two two sides. One is clearly right and

1078
01:23:03,280 --> 01:23:06,800
Speaker 1: one is clearly batshit fucking crazy. They're like, it's totally

1079
01:23:06,880 --> 01:23:11,160
Speaker 1: okay that we murdered all these people without any actual

1080
01:23:11,240 --> 01:23:15,200
Speaker 1: evidence whatsoever. So like in the years that followed, like

1081
01:23:15,240 --> 01:23:17,519
Speaker 1: a few of the judges would apologize for the part

1082
01:23:17,560 --> 01:23:20,719
Speaker 1: they played, Like they'd be like, oh, whips, we accused

1083
01:23:20,960 --> 01:23:25,200
Speaker 1: all these women. What they wouldn't do, though, is like

1084
01:23:25,320 --> 01:23:27,600
Speaker 1: deny witchcraft. They're like, on a, witchcraft is real. We

1085
01:23:27,720 --> 01:23:31,240
Speaker 1: just may have accidentally, you know, killed a few innocent

1086
01:23:31,280 --> 01:23:36,880
Speaker 1: people on the way. Then of course you have this

1087
01:23:37,360 --> 01:23:43,479
Speaker 1: very important apology from Anne Putnam junior, because like she

1088
01:23:43,720 --> 01:23:47,160
Speaker 1: was the one who accused the most number of people,

1089
01:23:47,760 --> 01:23:52,599
Speaker 1: like especially those who were put to death. So like

1090
01:23:52,840 --> 01:23:55,960
Speaker 1: in her mid twenties, she stands up in front of

1091
01:23:55,960 --> 01:23:59,320
Speaker 1: her congregation and says that she wants to lie in

1092
01:23:59,400 --> 01:24:01,559
Speaker 1: the dust for the part that she played in the

1093
01:24:01,560 --> 01:24:07,080
Speaker 1: witch trials. Right, so she's unmarred in a mid twenties,

1094
01:24:07,120 --> 01:24:11,800
Speaker 1: which in the purity in existence is uncommon, and so

1095
01:24:11,840 --> 01:24:15,760
Speaker 1: she feels like her involvement in this has resulted in

1096
01:24:15,760 --> 01:24:23,360
Speaker 1: her life not going as planned. And so a decade

1097
01:24:23,840 --> 01:24:29,719
Speaker 1: after the Salem witch Trials, the Massachusetts General Court declares

1098
01:24:29,760 --> 01:24:34,200
Speaker 1: the trials to be illegal and overturns the convictions of

1099
01:24:34,240 --> 01:24:39,719
Speaker 1: those sentenced. And then nine years after that, so almost

1100
01:24:39,960 --> 01:24:43,960
Speaker 1: twenty years later, right, a formal act of restitution has

1101
01:24:44,000 --> 01:24:47,600
Speaker 1: passed to compensate some of the families of those affected.

1102
01:24:49,120 --> 01:24:53,200
Speaker 1: But like this is twenty years on, right, These these apologies,

1103
01:24:53,320 --> 01:24:58,280
Speaker 1: thesese honerations, they're coming like for too late, right, you know,

1104
01:24:59,240 --> 01:25:01,680
Speaker 1: you're closing the door after the horse has bolted. Like

1105
01:25:02,520 --> 01:25:09,160
Speaker 1: that being said, this like marks the last ever execution

1106
01:25:09,240 --> 01:25:13,640
Speaker 1: for witchcraft on us soil. And like we don't know

1107
01:25:14,320 --> 01:25:18,760
Speaker 1: like why the girls made these allegations, right, we don't

1108
01:25:19,400 --> 01:25:28,880
Speaker 1: have that now, So this could be hard mentality. This

1109
01:25:28,960 --> 01:25:32,439
Speaker 1: could be you know the nature of the life in

1110
01:25:32,520 --> 01:25:36,800
Speaker 1: which they grew, that sort of that pressured, staunch existence

1111
01:25:37,360 --> 01:25:41,320
Speaker 1: and a genuine fear of the occult, And they might

1112
01:25:41,360 --> 01:25:45,960
Speaker 1: not understood why like this was happening, and you know,

1113
01:25:46,040 --> 01:25:51,880
Speaker 1: you've got this sort of mass hysteria happening. But there's

1114
01:25:51,920 --> 01:25:56,960
Speaker 1: also this there's also this theory like they all went

1115
01:25:57,120 --> 01:26:00,960
Speaker 1: mad from like what is it a mushroom or something?

1116
01:26:01,840 --> 01:26:05,719
Speaker 1: There is there is a theory on that causing it particularly,

1117
01:26:05,800 --> 01:26:08,200
Speaker 1: but I feel like that's been I need to look

1118
01:26:08,240 --> 01:26:10,960
Speaker 1: into this. But something I also want to do at

1119
01:26:10,960 --> 01:26:17,960
Speaker 1: some point is I want to cover specific people who

1120
01:26:18,000 --> 01:26:20,400
Speaker 1: were accused, Like I want to do like a whole

1121
01:26:20,439 --> 01:26:25,920
Speaker 1: episode on Oh Goodie Procter or like Goodie Nurse and

1122
01:26:26,520 --> 01:26:29,799
Speaker 1: all this kind of stuff and take the time to

1123
01:26:29,840 --> 01:26:33,200
Speaker 1: discuss what happened to these people a because I think

1124
01:26:34,000 --> 01:26:38,719
Speaker 1: it's fair, because it's too easy to just one event

1125
01:26:38,800 --> 01:26:41,720
Speaker 1: that's all bunched up, is just a thing, and to

1126
01:26:41,800 --> 01:26:45,200
Speaker 1: forget the people who were hurting it, people who lost

1127
01:26:45,240 --> 01:26:49,160
Speaker 1: their families, their lives, their livelihoods, all of it. And

1128
01:26:49,240 --> 01:26:51,200
Speaker 1: I really want to do that at some point. But

1129
01:26:51,360 --> 01:26:54,960
Speaker 1: I wanted to talk about Salem because you can't talk

1130
01:26:55,000 --> 01:26:57,960
Speaker 1: about witch trials and not mention Salem at one point

1131
01:26:58,000 --> 01:27:05,080
Speaker 1: because it's the most famous one. But you know, centuries later,

1132
01:27:05,160 --> 01:27:08,640
Speaker 1: we're still talking about it. But yeah, I want to

1133
01:27:08,680 --> 01:27:12,559
Speaker 1: go deeper into it and really and really, you know,

1134
01:27:12,680 --> 01:27:16,080
Speaker 1: give them the respect that they didn't have in life, clearly,

1135
01:27:18,120 --> 01:27:21,320
Speaker 1: But so ends my story of the Salem watch Trials.

1136
01:27:21,360 --> 01:27:23,320
Speaker 1: If you liked my retailing of this, feel free to

1137
01:27:23,360 --> 01:27:25,040
Speaker 1: waiting review of five stars. If you didn't like it,

1138
01:27:25,080 --> 01:27:29,000
Speaker 1: you can shut your mouth. Ah. Now, I've actually been

1139
01:27:29,360 --> 01:27:31,800
Speaker 1: struggling to get this episode written because I had to

1140
01:27:31,840 --> 01:27:35,200
Speaker 1: pare down so much information to make it shorter, and

1141
01:27:35,240 --> 01:27:38,960
Speaker 1: I'm still an hour and a half in, right, and

1142
01:27:39,000 --> 01:27:42,480
Speaker 1: that's with me cutting it down and I'm using scraps

1143
01:27:42,520 --> 01:27:46,639
Speaker 1: of notes because Yeah, so my mom came to visit,

1144
01:27:46,920 --> 01:27:49,320
Speaker 1: and she's not been well since she came to visit.

1145
01:27:49,479 --> 01:27:53,479
Speaker 1: So she was supposed to be doing the kids Halloween

1146
01:27:53,479 --> 01:27:55,479
Speaker 1: costumes and I would do the helping part, so I'd

1147
01:27:55,479 --> 01:27:59,960
Speaker 1: do the wee bits. But because she's not well, she's resting,

1148
01:28:00,400 --> 01:28:03,599
Speaker 1: and I've done I'm gonna I'm gonna apologize to every

1149
01:28:03,640 --> 01:28:08,760
Speaker 1: Cause player who has ever made anything ever when I

1150
01:28:08,760 --> 01:28:12,479
Speaker 1: share this, which I eventually will, you're gonna see how

1151
01:28:12,520 --> 01:28:16,639
Speaker 1: bad a job I did. But I've spent the weekend

1152
01:28:16,680 --> 01:28:20,639
Speaker 1: trying to make costumes, and I even helped so much

1153
01:28:20,680 --> 01:28:23,799
Speaker 1: glue and spray paint over the last couple of days

1154
01:28:24,200 --> 01:28:27,720
Speaker 1: that I'm worried for my own health. Insanity, Like I

1155
01:28:27,720 --> 01:28:30,639
Speaker 1: can feel myself losing breath. So like if I've sounded

1156
01:28:30,920 --> 01:28:34,360
Speaker 1: like I was running out of breath through this, yep,

1157
01:28:35,200 --> 01:28:38,640
Speaker 1: that's been happening in the past. I'm fine, I'm fine,

1158
01:28:40,040 --> 01:28:41,600
Speaker 1: and so it was a bit of a struggle to

1159
01:28:41,600 --> 01:28:44,920
Speaker 1: get this finished. And anyway, I look forward to doing

1160
01:28:44,960 --> 01:28:49,839
Speaker 1: a lot of stuff next month with you, and uh yeah,

1161
01:28:49,960 --> 01:28:55,760
Speaker 1: let's give some women some fucking justice. You can catch

1162
01:28:55,800 --> 01:28:59,320
Speaker 1: me on all of the socials and let's do. Let's do,

1163
01:28:59,760 --> 01:29:05,559
Speaker 1: let's do, let's do some recommendation time. I'm gonna recommend

1164
01:29:05,640 --> 01:29:12,040
Speaker 1: for reading the Defense of Witches by Mona schole Choly. Holy.

1165
01:29:12,479 --> 01:29:16,640
Speaker 1: I'm not sure how to pronounce that surname, but it

1166
01:29:16,760 --> 01:29:22,080
Speaker 1: is a name. So we've got that for reading. For listening,

1167
01:29:23,360 --> 01:29:25,240
Speaker 1: you know what, I've been listening to a lot of

1168
01:29:26,720 --> 01:29:31,400
Speaker 1: Sabrina Carpenter this week, and I was listening to Tears actually,

1169
01:29:31,960 --> 01:29:34,240
Speaker 1: and all I keep thinking of is how funny it is,

1170
01:29:34,280 --> 01:29:38,200
Speaker 1: because it's like do the bare minimum. Wow, I'm so

1171
01:29:38,360 --> 01:29:40,639
Speaker 1: amazed by it. And I get that to the joke,

1172
01:29:40,720 --> 01:29:46,560
Speaker 1: but it's fucking funny to me. And so finally, for watching,

1173
01:29:48,040 --> 01:29:52,160
Speaker 1: you know what I was watching this week is I

1174
01:29:52,280 --> 01:29:58,639
Speaker 1: was watching not The House in Haunted Hill, which also

1175
01:29:58,720 --> 01:30:01,760
Speaker 1: a lot of watch onus. Go watch the House on

1176
01:30:01,880 --> 01:30:07,000
Speaker 1: Haunted Hill. That is a good thing to watch. You

1177
01:30:07,000 --> 01:30:10,320
Speaker 1: can watch the Vincent Price version or the later version

1178
01:30:10,600 --> 01:30:14,120
Speaker 1: which is also good. But I it's one of my

1179
01:30:14,360 --> 01:30:20,880
Speaker 1: favorite horror movies. Actually, but I've been watching The Haunted House,

1180
01:30:22,000 --> 01:30:25,000
Speaker 1: the Not Blind Man or the other one. It's the

1181
01:30:25,120 --> 01:30:27,600
Speaker 1: name the Haunting of Hell House. It's the Haunting of

1182
01:30:27,640 --> 01:30:33,880
Speaker 1: Hell House. Okay, that is that? I yeah, so thank you.

1183
01:30:34,640 --> 01:30:37,960
Speaker 1: Uh it's it's it's eleven o'clock. I need to go

1184
01:30:38,600 --> 01:30:43,160
Speaker 1: to bed. I've been up very early. I'm very tired.

1185
01:30:43,479 --> 01:30:48,200
Speaker 1: And the and the clocks went forward anywhore. I look

1186
01:30:48,280 --> 01:30:53,720
Speaker 1: forward to seeing you all soon. Adios au revoir a

1187
01:30:53,880 --> 01:30:56,000
Speaker 1: wa them my friends, Bye bye,