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Speaker 1: You're listening to an airwave media podcast.

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Speaker 2: Hi, everybody, welcome to Who Did What Now? The history

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Speaker 2: podcast that's not your history class with me, your host KERRYE. Charlwood,

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Speaker 2: History Harlot and reader of books brought Do you buy

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Speaker 2: your wave Media? Did I need to make a weird

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Speaker 2: trumpet noise with my hand? No? Did I do it anyway? Yes?

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Speaker 2: Did I enjoy it? Absoluckingly? I did? Because why shouldn't

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Speaker 2: we have trumpets blaring for the fiftieth episode. I don't

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Speaker 2: know why I'm giving like strange Yiode theme music to this.

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Speaker 2: I don't know why. It just seems appropriate. Clearly, I've

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Speaker 2: been up too long, and do you have a favorite?

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Speaker 2: To ask all of you? But I'm gonna put it

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Speaker 2: at the end of the show because let's I'm gonna

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Speaker 2: talk too much here. But this is the fiftieth episode,

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Speaker 2: and I wanted to do something big and well, it

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Speaker 2: is the fiftieth episode. I really should go bold and

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Speaker 2: brash and somebody who's really well known, like one of

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Speaker 2: the most famous people in history for a variety of

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Speaker 2: reasons in a variety of locations. But before we get

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Speaker 2: into all of that, update on me my voice hasn't

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Speaker 2: fully healed, and my voice is still craggly and croquet.

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Speaker 2: And you know what I need.

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Speaker 3: Remember Matthew Lillard who played Shaggy on Scooby Doo the movies, Well,

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Speaker 3: he would like scream himself hoarse and they would make

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Speaker 3: him these like special drinks to sew his throat and

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Speaker 3: like protect his larynx.

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Speaker 2: I must find out that recipe because that's what I need.

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Speaker 2: That's what I need. Luckily, though, my voice is much

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Speaker 2: better than it was. I can actually talk for lengths

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Speaker 2: of time now. Before I could probably muster like thirty seconds,

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Speaker 2: and I was just down. I was out. There was

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Speaker 2: no more coming out. It was getting pretty difficult for

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Speaker 2: a couple of days. But dinner right now, we're just

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Speaker 2: gonna We're gonna go through. That being said, it wasn't

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Speaker 2: the only sort of shit to happen to me over

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Speaker 2: the last couple of weeks. So I took a tumble

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Speaker 2: last Saturday. I was walking into work one morning and

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Speaker 2: I had my headphones in, glasses on, sun was glaring.

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Speaker 2: Didn't have my sunglasses because for some reason, I don't

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Speaker 2: own prescription sunglasses this year. But whatever, So I'm trotting

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Speaker 2: down the street, got my headphones in the sun is shining.

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Speaker 2: I'm singing along to stick It to the Man from

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Speaker 2: the school Rock soundtrack because it's a bop. And I'm

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Speaker 2: on my merry way and there was this portable street

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Speaker 2: signing that I do not fucking see. But one of

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Speaker 2: the feet is like straight and the other one is

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Speaker 2: like bent up. So I step over the first step,

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Speaker 2: but I get caught on the second one and I

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Speaker 2: start flying through the air very ungracefully, I might add,

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Speaker 2: and both of my palms head off the ground, and

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Speaker 2: I somehow twist my right hand because it's still holding

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Speaker 2: my iPhone, and I'm like, not the fawn, protect the fawn.

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Speaker 2: And while I do that, somehow I managed to flip

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Speaker 2: myself onto my back, thus making sure my head isn't

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Speaker 2: hit off the ground, hooray. But my back somehow lands

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Speaker 2: on the feet of this portable sign. I lie there

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Speaker 2: on the ground and I'm like, well, this is embarrassing.

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Speaker 2: I actually said that out loud. I did, And I

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Speaker 2: look over and there's two people sitting on a fence

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Speaker 2: just watching me lying there.

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Speaker 4: So I get up to create myself off.

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Speaker 2: There's like dust and dirt and both of my hands

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Speaker 2: are scraped in the When I had to sterilize my

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Speaker 2: hands at work, it was not a pleasant experience, let

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Speaker 2: me tell you. And like my hip was a wee

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Speaker 2: bit sore, my knee was a wee bit sore. So

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Speaker 2: you know, which was fine. I can handle that, And

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Speaker 2: for most of the day I was absolutely grand. Butin

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Speaker 2: like an hour before closing, I start getting these pains

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Speaker 2: so like up my forearms, up my thighs and my back,

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Speaker 2: like my neck. I was just so sore. And when

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Speaker 2: I got home, I was kind of really stiff when

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Speaker 2: I was having trouble moving, and then during the week

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Speaker 2: it's kind of reduced itself to what I can only

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Speaker 2: describe as a stinging pain in the back of my ribs.

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Speaker 2: But everything else seems to be functioning thine, So I

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Speaker 2: like to think I'm basically good now, But yeah, I

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Speaker 2: wasn't feeling great. So between the voice and the entire

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Speaker 2: fucking body being fucked about, there was no way I

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Speaker 2: was going to be fit to record anything like it

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Speaker 2: just wasn't happening. Oh and before we go any further,

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Speaker 2: I want to dedicate this episode to Ruth and jan

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Speaker 2: from Prince Bishops, who brought to an event what I

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Speaker 2: can only describe as the most perfect bingo card, and

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Speaker 2: it really made my night. It's my favorite thing ever.

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Speaker 2: And so this episode is dedicated to you, ladies. But

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Speaker 2: I know what you're thinking. You're thinking quite your gibber

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Speaker 2: chavert in fact me, In fact you I will. But

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Speaker 2: first we've got to get our source on. And our

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Speaker 2: sources are many, lots, so many. My Early Life by

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Speaker 2: Winston Churchill. In Search of Churchill by Martin Gilbert Churchill

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Speaker 2: and Secret Service by David Stafford. In Command of History Churchill,

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Speaker 2: Fighting and Writing the Second World War by David Reynolds.

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Speaker 2: The Iron Curtain Churchill, America and the Origins of the

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Speaker 2: Cold War by Fraser J. Harbert Churchill. The End of

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Speaker 2: Glory by John Harmly. Rethinking Churchill by Shashy. The Rule

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Speaker 2: a feeling. I have pronounced that wrong. War Office Files

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Speaker 2: W zero one eighty eight British National Archives. I'm not

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Speaker 2: referencing code name bananas just because it does mention Churchill.

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Speaker 2: Though you are correct, you are correct war it it

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Speaker 2: does have the war and it does mention Churchill. You're

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Speaker 2: absolutely correct. Okay, now you put down code name bananas. Okay,

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Speaker 2: we're gonna read that tonight afterwards after a movie Changing direction.

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Speaker 2: British Military Planning for post war Strategic Defense nineteen forty

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Speaker 2: two to forty seven. Echoes of Experiment in Unleashing a

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Speaker 2: Demon by Robert McNeil Churchill and The Bomb and War

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Speaker 2: and Cold War by Kevin Ruin Operation Unthinkable, Its significance

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Speaker 2: and development of the Cold War by Sam Hines. We

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Speaker 2: also have the National Archives dot gov dot UK, the

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Speaker 2: Historypress Upcode dot UK and Winston Churchill dor Org Churchill

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Speaker 2: and the Tony Pande Riots by Anthony More O'Brien Churchill,

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Speaker 2: Troops and Strikers by Richard Langworth, Churchill's Secret War, The

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Speaker 2: British Empire and the Ravaging of India during World War

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Speaker 2: II by Majusrie Muker g Id Totally Pronounced That Wrong.

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Speaker 2: Famine in the twentieth Century by Stephen de Vereux. Taste

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Speaker 2: of War World War Two in the Battle for Food

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Speaker 2: by Lizzie Collingham, Ingredients of Famine, Analysis, Availability and Entitlements

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Speaker 2: by Amartya Sen. The Famine Inquiry Commission of nineteen forty five.

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Speaker 2: How British rule changed India's economy, The paradox of the

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Speaker 2: Raj by Turtanker Roy India at War, the Subcontinent in

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Speaker 2: World War Two by Yasmin Khan, Gallipole by Peter Hart

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Speaker 2: Gardens of Hell, Battles of the Galipoly Campaign by Patrick

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Speaker 2: Garieppe Galipole, the End of the Myth Robin Pryor. I

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Speaker 2: was told that you pronounce it Galipoly and not Gallipoli.

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Speaker 2: But in the current Sandman series Charles Dance pronounced it Gallipoli,

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Speaker 2: So so why am I getting called out? Not Charles

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Speaker 2: Dance just saying the War of the World, History's Age

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Speaker 2: of Hatred by Niall Ferguson. Civilization and Frightfulness. Air Control

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Speaker 2: in the Middle East Between the Wars by Charles Townsend,

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Speaker 2: A conditional norm chemical warfare from colonialism to contemporary civil

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Speaker 2: wars by Dorin Horshik and whuns Murat tis Kurr. I'm gonna,

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Speaker 2: like a puff apologize people for not pronouncing things even

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Speaker 2: remotely properly. So on top of that, we have history.

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Speaker 2: I think that's all of the sources. I have a

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Speaker 2: feeling that I've missed one or two. But you'll be fine.

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Speaker 2: So are you sitting comfortably good? Then let's begin hold

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Speaker 2: on to your bonnets and riches. It's time to talk

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Speaker 2: about Winston Churchill. So Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born

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Speaker 2: on the thirtieth of November eighteen seventy four at Blenham Palace,

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Speaker 2: which was like his family's ancestral home in Oxfordshire. He

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Speaker 2: was born to Lord Rudolph Churchill, a Tory MP, and

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Speaker 2: Jenny Spencer Churchill formerly Jenny Jerome, who was an American

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Speaker 2: born British socialite. Basically, his dad was polished and his

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Speaker 2: mum was rich. When Churchill is two years old, his

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Speaker 2: paternal grandfather, John Spencer Churchill, he gets appointed as the

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Speaker 2: Viceroy for Ireland because at that time Ireland was still

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Speaker 2: under British rule, and his dad, Randolph, he becomes his

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Speaker 2: grandfather's private secretary because nepotism, and they end up relocating

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Speaker 2: to Dublin. So Winston's brother, Jack, his younger brother. He

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Speaker 2: is actually born in Dublin in eighteen eighty and perhaps

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Speaker 2: as many Churchill as we get, you get those two

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Speaker 2: and then you're done. They have an heir and a

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Speaker 2: spare after this. Jenny and Randolph, who I am desperately

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Speaker 2: trying not to call Ridolph I'm so tempted, and I

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Speaker 2: feel like I may have already done it. So they

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Speaker 2: become estranged and Winston and Jack they get raised by

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Speaker 2: a nanny, Elizabeth Everest, which in fairness isn't really unusual

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Speaker 2: for the era. I mean, it's Edwardian. You know, they

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Speaker 2: had nannies and maids and all that jazz. You know,

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Speaker 2: that was just part of the part. But Elizabeth Everest,

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Speaker 2: she is quite probably the closest thing to a maternal

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Speaker 2: or familial figure that Winston and Jack have. The closest

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Speaker 2: thing they have to an affectionate family member is someone

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Speaker 2: they paid But again, social standing, posh people in the past,

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Speaker 2: not surprising. When Turchall was seven, he gets sent to

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Speaker 2: boarding school over to Saint George's and Ascott Ascott Well,

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Speaker 2: as we did back then, once the boy at a

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Speaker 2: certain age, they get shipped off to boarding school and

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Speaker 2: become someone else's problem for like three quarters of the year.

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Speaker 2: So he goes to the school and things do not

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Speaker 2: go well. Academically he's subpar and behavior wise he's kind

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Speaker 2: of shitty. But by the time he's ten they send

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Speaker 2: him off to another school where his academics improve just

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Speaker 2: a wee bit, and then when he has to do

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Speaker 2: his entrance exam into secondary school, he barely passes, like

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Speaker 2: he just makes it. He skins.

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Speaker 4: Like, he just about makes it into the school.

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Speaker 2: Honestly, I think some golden handshakes were involved in that

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Speaker 2: to just get him through, to be honest. So during

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Speaker 2: his school years it became very clear that he was

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Speaker 2: not going to be some amazing academic. So his last

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Speaker 2: three years of school were like an army form. It's

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Speaker 2: like teenage Soldier Army Training mg TE Night Soldier Army Training,

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Speaker 2: TU Night Soldier Army Training, teen Night Soldier Army Training.

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Speaker 2: They're coming after you. Now, pretty good, bar, I regret nothing.

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Speaker 2: That was ridiculous, and I don't even know if I'll

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Speaker 2: keep that in. So anyway, he applies for the military

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Speaker 2: Academy at Sandhurst and he fails, and so he applies

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Speaker 2: a second time, and he fails again, and then he

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Speaker 2: applies a third time in this time, this time he

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Speaker 2: actually makes it in third time, lucky. Third time is

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Speaker 2: a charm. That's fine, that's fine. So yeah, he gets

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Speaker 2: accepted as a cadet in the cavalry. And so he's

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Speaker 2: at Sandhurst and he graduates in January of eighteen ninety five,

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Speaker 2: and then in February his dad dies, which isn't great.

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Speaker 2: On the plus side, though, he gets commissioned as a

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Speaker 2: second lieutenant in the Fourth Queen's Own Hussar's Regiment of

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Speaker 2: the British Army, based an Aldershot. But of course he

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Speaker 2: isn't happy kicking altar shot. Oh No, he wants to

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Speaker 2: go out into the world. He wants to see real

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Speaker 2: military action. He is chomping at the bit and so

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Speaker 2: he does what any nepotism baby would do and uses

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Speaker 2: his mum's connections to get him a posting.

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Speaker 5: In his own words, he was scurrying about the world

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Speaker 5: from one exciting scene to another in the good old

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Speaker 5: days when England had a lot of jolly little walls

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Speaker 5: against Barber's peoples.

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Speaker 2: Yes, that is gonna be my Winston Churchill voice for

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Speaker 2: the rest of it. Every time I use a quote

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Speaker 2: from him, I'm gonna do it in that shitty, shitty impression.

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Speaker 2: You're just gonna have to deal with it, my friends. Right.

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Speaker 2: So Churchill and his mate they bugger off to Cuba

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Speaker 2: in the autumn of eighteen ninety five to observe the

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Speaker 2: War of Independence. Although it's less observing and more joining

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Speaker 2: the Spanish troops to crush freedom fighters. So yeah, he's

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Speaker 2: jaunting about in the army. He's going from place to place.

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Speaker 2: He goes to Bombay and Egypt and Sudan. He's kicking

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Speaker 2: about all the while writing articles and sending them back. See,

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Speaker 2: Churchill didn't think that his military wages were quite enough.

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Speaker 2: They weren't enough to satisfy his particular needs, and so

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Speaker 2: he needed to earn more money. So what he did

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Speaker 2: is he had a weside hustle as a journalist, so

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Speaker 2: he would write about all the places he went to

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Speaker 2: and the stuff that happened to Winston Churchill made his

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Speaker 2: money on the side by being a war correspondent. Granted,

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Speaker 2: he was less than factually correct because everything he wrote

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Speaker 2: was twisted with his own particular upper class bias. So Churchill,

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Speaker 2: he goes from Cuba to the States kiss He let's

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Speaker 2: face it, it's not that far a journey. So he

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Speaker 2: goes over there and he's writing back to his mummy.

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Speaker 2: He has a great time there, and he writes back

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Speaker 2: and he says to her.

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Speaker 6: What an extraordinary the Americans are.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, he's liking it. He's having a good time. So

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Speaker 2: after that he heads back to Bombay. Then he's based

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Speaker 2: in Bangaloa and he's based in India for like nineteen

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Speaker 2: months with his regiment. And while he's there, he's like,

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Speaker 2: I need to learn more shit, because he's like, I

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Speaker 2: don't know enough shit. I need to know more shit.

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Speaker 2: So he gets his mom to send him books. He's

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Speaker 2: reading Darwin and Plato and all this stuff, and he

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Speaker 2: gets his mom to send him books about politics and

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Speaker 2: even copies of the Annual Register. And this is like

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Speaker 2: the Bible of politics, like Who's who, what's happening? You know,

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Speaker 2: how the tide is turning? All this shit. So we

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Speaker 2: start learning about politics. And as he does this, he

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Speaker 2: declares himself a liberal in all but nome because he

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Speaker 2: and you're never gonna fucking believe this, he believed that

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Speaker 2: his and his personal beliefs were very liberal. That's right,

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Speaker 2: you heard me, Winston Churchill. The Winston Churchill believed that

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Speaker 2: he was a liberal politician, but without the label of liberal,

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Speaker 2: like not aligned with the Liberal party. And here's the thing.

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Speaker 2: The reason he wasn't aligned, and the reason he was

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Speaker 2: not aligned with the liberals was because they supported Irish

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Speaker 2: Home Rule. So, just in case you didn't know, Home

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Speaker 2: Rule or the Irish Home Rule movement was a campaign

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Speaker 2: for Ireland to be self governing, for it to be

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Speaker 2: its own state and not be under British rule. Like

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Speaker 2: they wanted to be independent of Britain that had colonized it.

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Speaker 2: It didn't want to be part of that, and Churchill

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Speaker 2: was like, no, we should absolutely control you one hundred percent. So,

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Speaker 2: because Churchill is incredibly opposed to the concept of Ireland

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Speaker 2: self governing and not being under the control of the

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Speaker 2: country that colonized it, he allies himself with the fucking Doories.

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Speaker 2: In eighteen ninety seven, Churchill is on leave from India

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Speaker 2: and he gives his very first public speech and who

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Speaker 2: is it for the Conservative Party for their Primrose League?

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Speaker 2: Mm hmm. And what was in this speech? Well, I'm

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Speaker 2: glad you asked, because I'll tell you. He is supporting

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Speaker 2: non denominational education, which is good, like the church should

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Speaker 2: not be ruling your education system. That's just not a

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Speaker 2: good thing, and that's fine. What's not so good is

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Speaker 2: the fact that he is strongly opposing women's suffrage, the

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Speaker 2: entire suffrage movement and women's right to vote. Nah, not

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Speaker 2: into that at all. When he gets back to India,

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Speaker 2: Churchill volunteers to join General S. A. Binden Blood's campaign

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Speaker 2: against the momanned rebels in North India and he gets

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Speaker 2: accepted on the condition that he has assigned as a journalist. This,

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Speaker 2: of course inspires him to write his first book, The

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Speaker 2: Story of the Malagan Field Force, and you know, it's

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Speaker 2: received pretty well. And after this he writes his only

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Speaker 2: fiction book was and I Shit You Not a romance novel,

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Speaker 2: a Ruitanian romance called Savrola, which, for some undeniable reason,

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Speaker 2: I have an incredible urge to read because I don't

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Speaker 2: know what kind of romance novel Winston Churchill would write,

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Speaker 2: but I am incredibly intrigued to see what his concept

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Speaker 2: of this no After this, Churchill manages to latch himself

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Speaker 2: onto the General Kitchener's campaign in Sudan. So Churchill wasn't

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Speaker 2: keen on Kitchener. He found him to be unnecessarily cruel.

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Speaker 2: I'm gonna give you a moment to let that sink in.

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Speaker 2: After this campaign in Sudan that Churchill decides he's going

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Speaker 2: to leave the Army. He's done now, thanks very much,

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Speaker 2: because he wants to leave the army and get into politics.

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Speaker 2: So when he sails back to Blytie, he has determined

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Speaker 2: that he wants this career in politics. He wants to

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Speaker 2: be a politician. So he goes to the Conservative Party

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Speaker 2: and he starts speaking at meetings, and he starts campaigning

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Speaker 2: and promoting himself, and what do you know, Churchill is

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Speaker 2: selected to be one of the Conservative Parties to parliamentary

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Speaker 2: candidates for the June eighty ninety nine by election in Oldham,

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Speaker 2: which he loses to the Liberals. Seeing as he's got

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Speaker 2: to wait at least another year for the next by election,

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Speaker 2: Churchill decides the best thing to do is pop off

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Speaker 2: to South Africa because there's probably another war bearing there

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Speaker 2: was the Second Boer War. If the Second Boer War

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Speaker 2: sounds familiar to you in any way, it's probably because

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Speaker 2: that is the place where Britain created concentration camps. Remember

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Speaker 2: that bit earlier where I said Churchill wasn't exactly factually

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Speaker 2: correct and in vernous. He doesn't really have a lot

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Speaker 2: of journalistic integrity, But there you go. When he's reporting

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Speaker 2: on the camps, his assessment is that the camps were

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Speaker 2: responsible for a relative minimum of suffering. Minimum suffering. To

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Speaker 2: put this into perspective, around twenty six thousand women and

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Speaker 2: children died in those camps. Twenty six thousand. Anyway, back

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Speaker 2: to the man himself. In October, he's traveling to this

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Speaker 2: conflict zone when his train is shelled by the Boers,

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Speaker 2: causing it to derail and resulting in his capture and

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Speaker 2: interment in a prisoner of war camp, where he says

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Speaker 2: he was actually treated pretty fairly. After two months of

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Speaker 2: being in the camp, he escapes. He stows above a

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Speaker 2: freight train and then hides in a mine before eventually

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Speaker 2: making it to safety. Naturally, being the man he was,

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Speaker 2: he wrote about it and it did get a good

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Speaker 2: fucking junk of publicity, because of course it does. This

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Speaker 2: whole incident it inspires him to rejoin the army and

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Speaker 2: get involved in the Boer War, and not just you know,

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Speaker 2: write about it all the while writing about every siege

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Speaker 2: and surrender and British factory to the Morning Post. After

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Speaker 2: he resigned as lieutenant and heads back to England, he

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Speaker 2: gets a flat in Mayfair, London. Some of you may

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Speaker 2: know Mayfair as the most expensive property on the monopoly board,

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Speaker 2: which is how I would know it it's the dark

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Speaker 2: blue one that everyone always really wanted because you could

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Speaker 2: make so much rent from it. But anyway, that is

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Speaker 2: where Churchill is, that's where he's staying, and that is

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Speaker 2: his base of operations for like the next six years

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Speaker 2: or so, because for him, this is a prime location

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Speaker 2: for him to really boost his political career. And you

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Speaker 2: know what, it works for him because in nineteen hundred

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Speaker 2: he gets elected as an MP with the Conservative Party.

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Speaker 2: He gains a seat in the House of Commons. Yeah,

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Speaker 2: and in the very same month he becomes a member

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Speaker 2: of Parliament, he publishes his book Ian Hamilton's March, which

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Speaker 2: is all based on his time in South Africa and

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Speaker 2: everything that happened there. So when he goes on a

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Speaker 2: lecture tour in November that year from Britain to the

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Speaker 2: US and Canada, like this is like the main focus.

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Speaker 2: And what's really interesting about this is the money that

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Speaker 2: he was making when he landed this seat. The money,

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Speaker 2: the fucking money. He was earning ten thousand pounds for

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Speaker 2: these lectures, like not in today's money, and then money

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Speaker 2: passed money in today's money, it was a million a

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Speaker 2: million pounds. That's fucking ridiculous. That's fucking ridiculous. Now, I

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Speaker 2: understand that at the time being a member of Parliament,

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Speaker 2: being an MP was not a paid position. You did

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Speaker 2: not receive a wage, which is one of the reasons

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Speaker 2: why so many politicians were lords and ladies and people

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Speaker 2: with vast incomes. H I understand you didn't get money

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Speaker 2: for this, but a million pounds a million pounds like

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Speaker 2: what what? Like? This whole thing was a sort of

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Speaker 2: word robois for him because as he was going around,

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Speaker 2: he was talking about himself and his own exploit and

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Speaker 2: everything that happened to him. So he was promoting himself

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Speaker 2: and earning money for it, like he was earning money

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Speaker 2: to be his own advertisement, which is just it's fucking

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Speaker 2: funny to me to see. At this point Churchill isn't

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Speaker 2: really anything yet. The only thing he is is a

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Speaker 2: celebrity who's known for being a celebrity, and this tour

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Speaker 2: is like the ye old equivalent of doing everything to

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Speaker 2: promote yourself short of going on Love Island. Like it's everything.

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Speaker 2: So back to the actual politics. Shit.

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Speaker 4: So nineteen oh one, he's got a seat in the

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Speaker 4: House of Commons. He's a member of the Conservative Party,

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Speaker 4: but he ends up in this faction I'm called the Heughligans.

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Speaker 2: In fact, I was not really going to bring up

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Speaker 2: but I just really wanted to use the.

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Speaker 4: Pun Hewligan, a play on Lord Hugh Saysil and the

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Speaker 4: word hooligan, because apparently this group's parliamentary manners where eh

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Speaker 4: not great. Basically, there were backbenchers who didn't quite support

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Speaker 4: like the leader of the party's you know, views and plans.

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Speaker 4: Basically because Churchill he wasn't really happy with the Conservatives

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Speaker 4: plan for funding with things like the army budget.

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Speaker 2: He thought more money should go to the navy, and

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Speaker 2: he was really against economic protectionism. Basically, the Toy Party

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Speaker 2: wanted to raise taxes and tariffs on all goods imported

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Speaker 2: and exported, as opposed to goods that were grown, produced,

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Speaker 2: made within Britain and sold within Britain, which is working

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Speaker 2: hilarious when you think that today Britain is known as

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Speaker 2: a nation of tea drinkers and that the most popular

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Speaker 2: dish in Britain today is a tika massala. May. I

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Speaker 2: don't know where you think you got those.

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Speaker 4: Ingredients from, but all right, because Churchill is so vocal

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Speaker 4: about his disagreements with the political party it's clear that

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Speaker 4: he is not going to progress.

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Speaker 2: He's not going to be in the cabinet. He's nobody's

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Speaker 2: rout a man. He's just there. So the Tories were

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Speaker 2: good for getting him a seat in the House of Commons,

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Speaker 2: but he wasn't going to go up in the world

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Speaker 2: in the politics there, He's like, fuck this for a

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Speaker 2: game of soldiers. So he does something very dramatic in

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Speaker 2: nineteen oh four he crosses the floor. That's right, he.

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Speaker 4: Leaves the Conservative Party and then joins the Liberals on

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Speaker 4: the other side of the House of Commons. As a

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Speaker 4: member of the Liberal Party, he gets branded a radical

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Speaker 4: because he's constantly attacking government policy, publishes.

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Speaker 2: His father's biography.

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Speaker 4: Conveniently, the very same month an election is held and

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Speaker 4: he wins his seat in Manchester North. Also in addition, furthermore,

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Speaker 4: another member of the Liberal Party releases a biography about Churchill.

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Speaker 2: In One on one. So yeah, the Liberals have a

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Speaker 2: majority government and Churchill requests and receives the position of

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Speaker 2: the Undersecretary for the Colonial Office surprise or prize. He

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Speaker 2: does a lot of work in South Africa, including the

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Speaker 2: Transphile Constitution. Of course, helping for government in the ORANUV

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Speaker 2: rise to that. Another thing he does is announce the

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Speaker 2: phasing out of Chinese indentured laborers. Now this has to

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Speaker 2: be a gradual phasing out because he felt that an

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Speaker 2: outright ban so like banning indentured servitude and this very

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Speaker 2: low cost labor, would completely destroy the area economically, So

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Speaker 2: of course that had to be taken into consideration, and

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Speaker 2: not the people who were being used and abused. So

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Speaker 2: nineteen oh eight, pretty big Yearver Churchill, so Asquith Herbert Asquith,

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Speaker 2: he becomes the Prime Minister because the previous Prime Minister

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Speaker 2: was terminally up.

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Speaker 4: Asqu you may know as the great grandfather of modern

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00:27:45,160 --> 00:27:50,080
Speaker 4: actress Helena Bonham Carter. One fact, Churchill, he's thirty three

427
00:27:50,080 --> 00:27:53,000
Speaker 4: at this point and he is the youngest cabinet member

428
00:27:53,040 --> 00:27:57,200
Speaker 4: since like the eighteen sixties, and he is appointed President

429
00:27:57,240 --> 00:27:58,440
Speaker 4: of the Board of Trade.

430
00:27:59,440 --> 00:28:02,359
Speaker 2: He loses seat in Manchester, so they move them to

431
00:28:02,440 --> 00:28:04,480
Speaker 2: Dundee because it's pretty safe. They know they're gonna win,

432
00:28:04,760 --> 00:28:07,960
Speaker 2: so like it's okay, we'll move you here, so you know,

433
00:28:08,680 --> 00:28:11,040
Speaker 2: helping you out mate to worry about it. Later that

434
00:28:11,160 --> 00:28:15,840
Speaker 2: year he gets married Huzza to Clementine.

435
00:28:15,240 --> 00:28:18,159
Speaker 4: Hosier they get married on the twelfth of September nineteen

436
00:28:18,160 --> 00:28:21,720
Speaker 4: o eight in Westminster and they go on this fantastic

437
00:28:21,720 --> 00:28:25,040
Speaker 4: honey Then they're two running around Italy. They're Invenna, they're

438
00:28:25,080 --> 00:28:28,000
Speaker 4: in Venice. They even go to Chechia and stay in

439
00:28:28,040 --> 00:28:29,639
Speaker 4: fucking castles, because.

440
00:28:29,400 --> 00:28:32,199
Speaker 2: Of course they do. It's gorgeous. By the way. I

441
00:28:32,240 --> 00:28:35,280
Speaker 2: love fucking love a week castle. I would though i'd

442
00:28:35,359 --> 00:28:38,080
Speaker 2: get if I ever got married. Sidebar, if I ever

443
00:28:38,120 --> 00:28:40,880
Speaker 2: got married, I would love to get married just in

444
00:28:40,920 --> 00:28:41,760
Speaker 2: a wee castle.

445
00:28:42,400 --> 00:28:44,560
Speaker 4: Like, not a big castle, not like a palace that

446
00:28:44,640 --> 00:28:46,360
Speaker 4: doesn't have to be massive, just like a.

447
00:28:46,240 --> 00:28:49,520
Speaker 2: Wee week castle. I feel like it wouldn't be too

448
00:28:49,560 --> 00:28:51,200
Speaker 2: much to rent a week castle. When you think of

449
00:28:51,280 --> 00:28:54,200
Speaker 2: how which fucking weddings cost the best of times, I

450
00:28:54,200 --> 00:28:56,480
Speaker 2: feel like you probably save money, haven't it in a

451
00:28:56,480 --> 00:29:01,360
Speaker 2: week castle. Just fucking love castles. Anyway, back to politics,

452
00:29:01,800 --> 00:29:03,960
Speaker 2: So as the President of the Board of Trade, he's

453
00:29:04,000 --> 00:29:08,320
Speaker 2: actually doing pretty well. He's pretty decent. Actually. He creates

454
00:29:08,320 --> 00:29:11,080
Speaker 2: a Standing Court of Our Petrition to deal with industrial disputes.

455
00:29:11,600 --> 00:29:15,680
Speaker 2: He works on social reform with Lloyd George. They bring

456
00:29:15,720 --> 00:29:18,480
Speaker 2: forth stuff like the Mine's eight Hours Bill, which meant

457
00:29:18,480 --> 00:29:21,200
Speaker 2: that mind, workers could not work any more than eight

458
00:29:21,200 --> 00:29:25,000
Speaker 2: hours in a shift, which is like produces the Trade

459
00:29:25,000 --> 00:29:29,440
Speaker 2: Boards Bill, which created trade boards which could prosecute employers

460
00:29:29,440 --> 00:29:32,480
Speaker 2: if they were exploiting their workforce, which then leads to.

461
00:29:32,440 --> 00:29:36,040
Speaker 4: The establishing of a minimum wage. He then proposes the

462
00:29:36,080 --> 00:29:39,480
Speaker 4: Labor Exchanges Bill, which would provide assistance for people who

463
00:29:39,480 --> 00:29:44,280
Speaker 4: were unemployed and create an insurance fund for unemployed people

464
00:29:44,400 --> 00:29:47,440
Speaker 4: until they could find work, so like job seekers job

465
00:29:47,440 --> 00:29:50,600
Speaker 4: seekers Allowance. But of course, in order to implement social

466
00:29:50,600 --> 00:29:53,600
Speaker 4: reforms and put forward the people's budget, Lloyd, George and

467
00:29:53,680 --> 00:29:57,200
Speaker 4: Churchill needed the fucking money. So what they wanted to

468
00:29:57,240 --> 00:30:00,400
Speaker 4: do was to reduce naval spending. They didn't on an

469
00:30:00,400 --> 00:30:01,600
Speaker 4: expansion of the navy.

470
00:30:02,360 --> 00:30:07,800
Speaker 2: And you've got McKenna there, who's very adamant that war

471
00:30:07,840 --> 00:30:10,560
Speaker 2: with Germany is inevitable. He's like, listen, there's going to

472
00:30:10,560 --> 00:30:12,720
Speaker 2: be a war coming. We need to be prepared. I'm

473
00:30:12,760 --> 00:30:17,320
Speaker 2: telling it. And they're like, no, you're wrong, you're wrong.

474
00:30:17,600 --> 00:30:20,720
Speaker 2: So it's nineteen ten and Churchill is promoted to Home

475
00:30:20,800 --> 00:30:24,000
Speaker 2: Secretary and this is where the shit actually starts to

476
00:30:24,080 --> 00:30:27,560
Speaker 2: hit the fan, and like it starts off so well,

477
00:30:27,800 --> 00:30:31,920
Speaker 2: because as Home secretary, he has control over police and

478
00:30:31,960 --> 00:30:37,480
Speaker 2: prison services, so he actually starts implementing these prison reforms.

479
00:30:37,840 --> 00:30:42,720
Speaker 2: He makes distinctions between criminal prisoners and political prisoners, so

480
00:30:42,760 --> 00:30:46,200
Speaker 2: that prison rules are more relaxed for political prisoners, that

481
00:30:46,200 --> 00:30:50,920
Speaker 2: they're treated, you know, not as badly as criminal prisoners.

482
00:30:51,560 --> 00:30:55,880
Speaker 2: He also abolishes the automatic imprisonment of people who cannot

483
00:30:55,920 --> 00:30:58,320
Speaker 2: pay fines, so like if you had a fine for

484
00:30:58,400 --> 00:31:00,240
Speaker 2: something when you were supposed to pay it and you

485
00:31:00,240 --> 00:31:02,800
Speaker 2: couldn't pay it on that day, they'd shove you in

486
00:31:02,880 --> 00:31:06,479
Speaker 2: the clink. Young offenders so under the age of twenty one,

487
00:31:06,560 --> 00:31:09,560
Speaker 2: they wouldn't automatically be imprisoned unless it was for like

488
00:31:10,040 --> 00:31:13,400
Speaker 2: a serious offense. So like if you murdered someone, yeah

489
00:31:13,400 --> 00:31:15,920
Speaker 2: you're gonna go to jail, But if you like stoke

490
00:31:16,000 --> 00:31:19,320
Speaker 2: some sweets out the shop, they're not gonna shove you

491
00:31:19,360 --> 00:31:22,520
Speaker 2: in the big house. He relaxes the rules on solidary

492
00:31:22,520 --> 00:31:26,959
Speaker 2: confinements so they're not so fucking horrific, and he brings

493
00:31:27,000 --> 00:31:31,880
Speaker 2: in education and entertainment, so there are libraries and prisoners

494
00:31:31,880 --> 00:31:34,520
Speaker 2: get to put on a show like four times a year,

495
00:31:35,160 --> 00:31:38,000
Speaker 2: which is all to do with, you know, keeping them occupied,

496
00:31:38,120 --> 00:31:41,280
Speaker 2: because if they're doing other things, they're less likely to

497
00:31:41,400 --> 00:31:44,280
Speaker 2: shank a bitch, you know what I mean. But like,

498
00:31:44,320 --> 00:31:48,080
Speaker 2: regardless of the motivations behind it, the prison reform was

499
00:31:48,080 --> 00:31:50,400
Speaker 2: a good thing. It was a good idea. It was

500
00:31:51,760 --> 00:31:54,240
Speaker 2: so like at this point as well, the women's suffrage movement,

501
00:31:54,320 --> 00:31:57,360
Speaker 2: it is really gaining steam. In Churchill is of the

502
00:31:57,360 --> 00:32:01,280
Speaker 2: official opinion that, eh, he doesn't really mind if women

503
00:32:01,400 --> 00:32:04,120
Speaker 2: have the vote as long as the male electric agree,

504
00:32:05,200 --> 00:32:08,200
Speaker 2: which is shitty for a couple of reasons, one being

505
00:32:08,320 --> 00:32:11,320
Speaker 2: that it's just a fancy way of sitting on the fence,

506
00:32:12,440 --> 00:32:17,640
Speaker 2: and two that not all men could vote, Like forty

507
00:32:17,680 --> 00:32:21,960
Speaker 2: percent couldn't vote because it was like sixty percent of householders.

508
00:32:22,440 --> 00:32:25,440
Speaker 2: So you had to either pay an annual rental of

509
00:32:25,920 --> 00:32:30,920
Speaker 2: ten pounds or you had land worth ten pounds, so

510
00:32:31,040 --> 00:32:35,320
Speaker 2: it was yeah, you had to not be poor effectively.

511
00:32:36,760 --> 00:32:42,400
Speaker 2: But anyway, the Tony Pandy riots. Now this is mismanagement

512
00:32:42,560 --> 00:32:45,680
Speaker 2: and an absolute shit show from the get go. So

513
00:32:45,800 --> 00:32:49,040
Speaker 2: these coal miners in the Rhonda Valley, they are striking

514
00:32:49,320 --> 00:32:53,000
Speaker 2: because of their adverse working conditions. There is a cartel

515
00:32:53,080 --> 00:32:56,320
Speaker 2: of mine owners and they are deliberately keeping the wages

516
00:32:56,360 --> 00:33:00,560
Speaker 2: low in this incredibly deprived region of Wales, and so

517
00:33:00,680 --> 00:33:03,000
Speaker 2: the workers are like fuck this for a game of

518
00:33:03,080 --> 00:33:08,200
Speaker 2: soldiers and they strike. So the striking leads to like

519
00:33:08,320 --> 00:33:13,600
Speaker 2: looting and rioting, but only damaging properties that are owned

520
00:33:13,640 --> 00:33:17,680
Speaker 2: by the pit owners. So the Glamorgan Chief Constable he's

521
00:33:17,760 --> 00:33:23,040
Speaker 2: like shit and starts requesting trips, and Churchill he he

522
00:33:23,360 --> 00:33:27,680
Speaker 2: has the trips adjacent, so he has them in Swindon, no, yes,

523
00:33:27,760 --> 00:33:31,680
Speaker 2: Swindon and Cardiff, so that they are you know, adjacent,

524
00:33:32,120 --> 00:33:34,720
Speaker 2: close by. But he doesn't want to send the trips

525
00:33:34,720 --> 00:33:38,600
Speaker 2: on right away because sending a punch of armed military

526
00:33:38,680 --> 00:33:43,040
Speaker 2: into a small area in Wales does seem a little

527
00:33:43,080 --> 00:33:46,320
Speaker 2: bit like overcolor, wouldn't you say, And you know, for

528
00:33:46,360 --> 00:33:49,480
Speaker 2: your optics, it doesn't really look that good when you're

529
00:33:49,520 --> 00:33:54,680
Speaker 2: sending the military to attack your own people. AnyWho, he

530
00:33:54,800 --> 00:33:59,000
Speaker 2: sends in two hundred and seventy police officers, who you know,

531
00:33:59,160 --> 00:34:02,400
Speaker 2: they get their trunk and stuff, which if you've ever

532
00:34:02,400 --> 00:34:05,680
Speaker 2: been hit with a truncheon, they are not pleasant. It's

533
00:34:05,680 --> 00:34:09,560
Speaker 2: like being hit within teeny weeny baseball bat. It's fucking solid.

534
00:34:09,560 --> 00:34:13,799
Speaker 2: It's unpleasant. He's not just regular police officers he sends down.

535
00:34:14,360 --> 00:34:19,520
Speaker 2: He also has like the cavalry, so mounted on fucking horses.

536
00:34:20,480 --> 00:34:22,799
Speaker 2: I don't know about you, but if I'm striking and

537
00:34:22,840 --> 00:34:26,840
Speaker 2: I see a fucking horse coming towards me, no, I

538
00:34:26,880 --> 00:34:29,680
Speaker 2: will not be happy. I will be terrified, and I'll

539
00:34:29,680 --> 00:34:33,160
Speaker 2: be swinging every which way but up like no, bye bye.

540
00:34:33,800 --> 00:34:36,319
Speaker 2: The funniest thing about the looting though, is that you

541
00:34:36,360 --> 00:34:38,520
Speaker 2: know they're fucking up all the shops and they're stealing

542
00:34:38,600 --> 00:34:41,640
Speaker 2: shit with all the stuff owned by pit owners. But

543
00:34:41,760 --> 00:34:44,280
Speaker 2: like there's a chemist or something which is owned by

544
00:34:44,320 --> 00:34:47,560
Speaker 2: this like Welsh International, like rugby player or like ex

545
00:34:47,760 --> 00:34:51,239
Speaker 2: player where is love with their rugby. But uh, like

546
00:34:51,480 --> 00:34:56,080
Speaker 2: it's not just men that are out like routing, routing, looting, riding, picketing.

547
00:34:56,320 --> 00:34:59,400
Speaker 2: There's like women and kids there as well, and it's

548
00:34:59,480 --> 00:35:02,120
Speaker 2: kind of like the weird festival atmosphere happens because they're

549
00:35:02,160 --> 00:35:06,160
Speaker 2: like parading around town and like clothes and shit, and

550
00:35:06,760 --> 00:35:10,800
Speaker 2: then you've cut all these like massive police force showing

551
00:35:10,880 --> 00:35:14,480
Speaker 2: up and then after the police show up, the fucking

552
00:35:14,680 --> 00:35:19,240
Speaker 2: army comes in and it is an absolute fucking shit show.

553
00:35:19,840 --> 00:35:23,880
Speaker 2: In Churchill's complaining that both sides, that both the miners

554
00:35:24,080 --> 00:35:28,600
Speaker 2: and the fucking cartel which is deliberately keeping the wages

555
00:35:28,719 --> 00:35:34,760
Speaker 2: down are both being unreasonable like that, that's his opinion

556
00:35:34,800 --> 00:35:37,920
Speaker 2: on it. And like the papers, like the English papers

557
00:35:37,920 --> 00:35:40,960
Speaker 2: of the time, they're complaining that Churchill should have sent

558
00:35:41,040 --> 00:35:44,600
Speaker 2: in the troops quicker. And then you've got the labor

559
00:35:44,640 --> 00:35:48,080
Speaker 2: party who's like, what the fuck were you doing? You

560
00:35:48,120 --> 00:35:52,200
Speaker 2: should have supported the trade unions, should have supported the workers.

561
00:35:52,880 --> 00:35:56,560
Speaker 2: Like considering his like initial part of his career was

562
00:35:56,680 --> 00:36:00,360
Speaker 2: based on that, you think he'd be more inclined, but no,

563
00:36:00,360 --> 00:36:03,719
Speaker 2: now everything he does is Home Secretary. Still in the

564
00:36:03,800 --> 00:36:07,160
Speaker 2: year nineteen ten is he writes to other Home Office

565
00:36:07,160 --> 00:36:13,200
Speaker 2: officials asking them, you know, to consider sterilizing and preventing

566
00:36:13,239 --> 00:36:17,080
Speaker 2: the marriage of people with mental illnesses and learning disabilities,

567
00:36:18,000 --> 00:36:19,400
Speaker 2: and I quote.

568
00:36:19,760 --> 00:36:23,200
Speaker 6: The multiplication of the feeble minded is a very terrible

569
00:36:23,320 --> 00:36:24,560
Speaker 6: danger to the race.

570
00:36:26,000 --> 00:36:29,480
Speaker 4: The Siege of Sydney Street. So there were three Latvan

571
00:36:29,520 --> 00:36:31,319
Speaker 4: burglars and they are hold up on a house on

572
00:36:31,360 --> 00:36:35,520
Speaker 4: Sydney Street. They are surrounded by police officers and they've

573
00:36:35,560 --> 00:36:39,920
Speaker 4: already managed to kill a few. So the house goes

574
00:36:39,960 --> 00:36:44,920
Speaker 4: on fire and Churchill stops prevents the fire brigade from

575
00:36:45,120 --> 00:36:48,080
Speaker 4: entering the building and quitling the blaze. By the time

576
00:36:48,080 --> 00:36:51,759
Speaker 4: the fire dies down. Two of the men are found dead,

577
00:36:52,400 --> 00:36:54,080
Speaker 4: and Churchill responds.

578
00:36:53,600 --> 00:36:57,440
Speaker 6: With thought, it was better to let the house burn

579
00:36:57,600 --> 00:37:00,000
Speaker 6: down rather than spend good British life.

580
00:37:00,040 --> 00:37:03,040
Speaker 2: I was in risk room those four rascals. He does

581
00:37:03,080 --> 00:37:05,040
Speaker 2: a couple of good things the next year, though, He

582
00:37:05,080 --> 00:37:09,240
Speaker 2: introduces the coal Miner's Bill, Shops Bill, the National Insurance Act,

583
00:37:09,880 --> 00:37:12,200
Speaker 2: all of which improves the lives of you know, the

584
00:37:12,280 --> 00:37:16,520
Speaker 2: working people in Britain. And in personal news, his second

585
00:37:16,560 --> 00:37:20,440
Speaker 2: child is born, Randolph. Also in nineteen eleven there was

586
00:37:20,440 --> 00:37:25,160
Speaker 2: the Liverpool General Transport Strike, so this include dockers, railway workers,

587
00:37:25,360 --> 00:37:27,919
Speaker 2: sailors and like a punch of other trades people, and

588
00:37:28,360 --> 00:37:33,160
Speaker 2: Churchill sends in trips. We also have the National Railway

589
00:37:33,200 --> 00:37:38,759
Speaker 2: Strike of nineteen eleven, which Churchill, surprisingly enough was totally against.

590
00:37:39,400 --> 00:37:42,120
Speaker 2: He also gets another promotion in nineteen eleven, so he

591
00:37:42,120 --> 00:37:45,279
Speaker 2: gets appointed to First Lord of the Admiralty, and he

592
00:37:45,320 --> 00:37:47,919
Speaker 2: gets to live in Admiralty House, which is by the way,

593
00:37:48,080 --> 00:37:51,760
Speaker 2: super fucking fancy. And he gets like his own naval

594
00:37:51,840 --> 00:37:56,600
Speaker 2: war staff. So he starts expanding the navy. He's rebuilding it,

595
00:37:56,640 --> 00:38:00,479
Speaker 2: he's boosting it up. Germany passes the nineteen twelve Naval

596
00:38:00,560 --> 00:38:04,960
Speaker 2: Law which increases its warship production, and Churchill decides that

597
00:38:05,320 --> 00:38:10,279
Speaker 2: for every battleship they build, Britain's gonna build too. So

598
00:38:10,320 --> 00:38:13,360
Speaker 2: he's like traveling around like naval stations and docks, you know,

599
00:38:13,480 --> 00:38:16,279
Speaker 2: to boost morale. But not only does he go down

600
00:38:16,320 --> 00:38:19,000
Speaker 2: and talk about how great, you know, the British Navy is,

601
00:38:19,280 --> 00:38:22,960
Speaker 2: he's just shit talking Germany, Like everywhere he goes, he's

602
00:38:23,040 --> 00:38:27,040
Speaker 2: like fuck them. So he is increasing production of submarine

603
00:38:27,200 --> 00:38:31,400
Speaker 2: seaplanes like he's increasing and focusing on the British Naval

604
00:38:31,440 --> 00:38:35,239
Speaker 2: Air Force like all of it. But of course expanding

605
00:38:35,239 --> 00:38:37,280
Speaker 2: the navy was and the only thing he was into.

606
00:38:37,719 --> 00:38:41,759
Speaker 2: In nineteen twelve. He also brings forth the Mental Deficiency

607
00:38:41,760 --> 00:38:45,240
Speaker 2: built into the House of Commons because he was worried

608
00:38:45,280 --> 00:38:49,279
Speaker 2: that the feeble minded and the mental defectives were a

609
00:38:49,480 --> 00:38:54,279
Speaker 2: danger to society and had to be stopped. Not only

610
00:38:54,320 --> 00:38:56,880
Speaker 2: did he want to like ban marriages for them or

611
00:38:56,960 --> 00:39:01,759
Speaker 2: sterilize them, he wanted to introduce pulsory labor camps for

612
00:39:02,000 --> 00:39:06,560
Speaker 2: mental defectives. If you're thinking this sounds a lot like eugenics, well,

613
00:39:07,120 --> 00:39:11,720
Speaker 2: Churchill did attend the first International Eugenics Conference in London,

614
00:39:13,080 --> 00:39:15,799
Speaker 2: not even remotely surprised, not even a little bit. So.

615
00:39:15,840 --> 00:39:19,320
Speaker 4: One of the biggest issues in British politics at that time.

616
00:39:19,200 --> 00:39:22,799
Speaker 2: Was Irish Home Rule, so they wanted to establish a

617
00:39:22,840 --> 00:39:24,480
Speaker 2: government in Dublin that would rule.

618
00:39:24,480 --> 00:39:29,080
Speaker 4: All of Ireland, and also Unionists were obviously very opposed

619
00:39:29,120 --> 00:39:33,400
Speaker 4: to this and the Home Rule Act. It gets past,

620
00:39:33,600 --> 00:39:39,759
Speaker 4: but before anything can actually happen, a bigger issue arises,

621
00:39:41,520 --> 00:39:44,160
Speaker 4: the Great War also known as World War One.

622
00:39:44,440 --> 00:39:47,320
Speaker 2: As First Lord of the Admiralty, this is Churchill's fucking

623
00:39:47,400 --> 00:39:51,080
Speaker 2: time to shine. He is using the Navy transport troops

624
00:39:51,120 --> 00:39:56,200
Speaker 2: to France, He's implementing blockades on gym ports, He's sending

625
00:39:56,280 --> 00:39:58,280
Speaker 2: submarines to the Baltic Sea.

626
00:39:58,239 --> 00:40:00,120
Speaker 4: To help the Russian Navy.

627
00:40:00,320 --> 00:40:03,880
Speaker 2: So expanding the navy is one thing, actual military strategy

628
00:40:04,280 --> 00:40:07,560
Speaker 2: is quite another. So he's visiting Belgium with it's a

629
00:40:07,560 --> 00:40:11,720
Speaker 2: city that's under siege by the Germans and he announces

630
00:40:12,160 --> 00:40:15,240
Speaker 2: that they're going to send in British troops as reinforcements.

631
00:40:16,280 --> 00:40:19,480
Speaker 2: They don't, and the city is completely crushed and he

632
00:40:19,560 --> 00:40:24,040
Speaker 2: gets absolutely slammed in the press. After this, Lloyd George

633
00:40:24,040 --> 00:40:26,920
Speaker 2: he creates this War Council, So you've got Lloyd George

634
00:40:26,960 --> 00:40:31,960
Speaker 2: you've got Edward Gray, You've got Kitchener and Churchill. Kitchener

635
00:40:32,040 --> 00:40:36,040
Speaker 2: and Churchill are on this War Council together, and Churchill

636
00:40:36,320 --> 00:40:40,439
Speaker 2: fucking hates Kitchener. He really does, to the point where

637
00:40:40,480 --> 00:40:45,520
Speaker 2: when Kitchener requests more like ammunition and stuff for his troops,

638
00:40:46,120 --> 00:40:50,680
Speaker 2: he is denied by Churchill, like he refuses to approve

639
00:40:50,719 --> 00:40:57,560
Speaker 2: it because Kitchener asked, fuck, imagine disliking someone so much

640
00:40:58,200 --> 00:41:01,200
Speaker 2: that you were willing to let thousands of men die,

641
00:41:01,840 --> 00:41:07,839
Speaker 2: men who are serving you, like okay? AnyWho? Churchill wants

642
00:41:07,880 --> 00:41:12,319
Speaker 2: to relieve pressure on Russia by attacking Turkey. Now does

643
00:41:12,360 --> 00:41:14,279
Speaker 2: he want to help an ally or does he want

644
00:41:14,320 --> 00:41:17,520
Speaker 2: to crash the remains of the Ottoman Empire as a

645
00:41:17,560 --> 00:41:20,320
Speaker 2: means of British superiority. Whom's to say?

646
00:41:20,800 --> 00:41:23,600
Speaker 4: The plan is to use the navy alone and storm

647
00:41:23,640 --> 00:41:26,839
Speaker 4: the beach at Gallipoli and destroy the weekend Ottoman.

648
00:41:26,560 --> 00:41:30,640
Speaker 2: Empire and take the Germans from the south. Unfortunately it

649
00:41:30,719 --> 00:41:33,080
Speaker 2: was less of the military thing operation and more of

650
00:41:33,120 --> 00:41:36,200
Speaker 2: a massacre. So he knows he needs a fuck to

651
00:41:36,280 --> 00:41:38,240
Speaker 2: on more ships and a fuck to on more troops,

652
00:41:38,239 --> 00:41:40,560
Speaker 2: and he requests them from the British War Office and

653
00:41:40,640 --> 00:41:43,239
Speaker 2: they refuse, so he's like, fuck it, I'm going to

654
00:41:43,320 --> 00:41:43,920
Speaker 2: do it anyway.

655
00:41:44,160 --> 00:41:47,399
Speaker 7: And all of the British warships bar one are all

656
00:41:47,520 --> 00:41:52,040
Speaker 7: old coal powered ones like okay. Luckily, he does have

657
00:41:52,080 --> 00:41:55,080
Speaker 7: the ANZAC forces on site, so he's got the Australians

658
00:41:55,080 --> 00:41:58,840
Speaker 7: and the New Zealanders, but even so he does not

659
00:41:59,040 --> 00:42:02,160
Speaker 7: have enough bodies in enough ships for this attack.

660
00:42:03,120 --> 00:42:05,520
Speaker 2: Then he has to contend with the weather, which is,

661
00:42:05,600 --> 00:42:09,320
Speaker 2: you know, everyone's worst enemy, and they take so long

662
00:42:09,880 --> 00:42:14,520
Speaker 2: trying to reach the beach that the enemy manages to

663
00:42:14,520 --> 00:42:19,480
Speaker 2: gain a fucton of reinforcements and it's just a massive slaughter,

664
00:42:20,160 --> 00:42:25,240
Speaker 2: losing forty five thousand men. It was a cataclysmic failure

665
00:42:25,520 --> 00:42:30,360
Speaker 2: which resulted in Churchill being demoted and it almost derailed

666
00:42:30,360 --> 00:42:35,040
Speaker 2: his entire political career. In nineteen fifteen, he is still

667
00:42:35,040 --> 00:42:38,040
Speaker 2: an MP, but he resigns from the government and the

668
00:42:38,040 --> 00:42:38,640
Speaker 2: Prime Minister.

669
00:42:38,760 --> 00:42:42,359
Speaker 4: He rejects his request to become the Governor General of

670
00:42:42,440 --> 00:42:43,760
Speaker 4: British East Africa.

671
00:42:44,760 --> 00:42:47,520
Speaker 2: Churchill decides to take some time out by joining the

672
00:42:47,680 --> 00:42:51,480
Speaker 2: army for a year. He gets a sweet temporary promotion there,

673
00:42:51,600 --> 00:42:55,320
Speaker 2: but then when the companies are like merged, he loses

674
00:42:55,640 --> 00:42:58,799
Speaker 2: this promotion and he gets like de ranked, So he

675
00:42:58,880 --> 00:43:01,040
Speaker 2: leaves the Army and goes back to the House of Commons,

676
00:43:01,040 --> 00:43:03,160
Speaker 2: where he starts making a lot of fucking noise about

677
00:43:03,160 --> 00:43:06,240
Speaker 2: the war. He wants soldiers to be given steel helmets,

678
00:43:06,239 --> 00:43:08,920
Speaker 2: which you know, fair enough. He wants a greater recognition

679
00:43:08,960 --> 00:43:13,160
Speaker 2: of soldiers bravery, also fair enough, but he also wants them.

680
00:43:13,040 --> 00:43:16,839
Speaker 4: To extend conscription to the Irish.

681
00:43:16,880 --> 00:43:20,040
Speaker 2: Halfway through the Great War, asked with resigns and Lloyd

682
00:43:20,080 --> 00:43:24,960
Speaker 2: George succeeds him, and with this little move Churchill gets

683
00:43:25,000 --> 00:43:28,200
Speaker 2: appointed Minister of Munitions. A lot of it seems to

684
00:43:28,239 --> 00:43:31,239
Speaker 2: be him dealing with munitions factories. So there's a couple

685
00:43:31,320 --> 00:43:34,080
Speaker 2: of strikes and he quells one of the cloud and

686
00:43:34,120 --> 00:43:38,360
Speaker 2: then he stops another one by informing the strikers that

687
00:43:38,440 --> 00:43:42,560
Speaker 2: if they continue to do so, they will be conscripted

688
00:43:42,680 --> 00:43:45,759
Speaker 2: into the army. Now, I don't know if you know,

689
00:43:46,000 --> 00:43:50,520
Speaker 2: but the majority of workers of munitions factories were women.

690
00:43:51,560 --> 00:43:54,360
Speaker 2: So he was telling women who did not have the

691
00:43:54,440 --> 00:43:57,759
Speaker 2: right to vote, that if they don't continue working in

692
00:43:57,800 --> 00:44:01,680
Speaker 2: these horrific conditions, but he was going to force them

693
00:44:02,239 --> 00:44:07,040
Speaker 2: to join the army. Nineteen eighteen, World War One ends

694
00:44:07,719 --> 00:44:11,760
Speaker 2: four days after the armistice, his fourth child, Marigold, is born.

695
00:44:12,719 --> 00:44:15,960
Speaker 2: Also that year, Churchill votes in favor of the Representation

696
00:44:16,040 --> 00:44:19,879
Speaker 2: of People at nineteen eighteen, which gave all men who

697
00:44:19,920 --> 00:44:24,720
Speaker 2: were over the age of twenty one and all married

698
00:44:25,040 --> 00:44:29,560
Speaker 2: women over the age of thirty who owned property the

699
00:44:29,640 --> 00:44:32,920
Speaker 2: right to vote. In nineteen nineteen, Churchill has moved to

700
00:44:32,960 --> 00:44:36,200
Speaker 2: the War Office as the Secretary of State for War

701
00:44:36,360 --> 00:44:41,279
Speaker 2: and Air. The Anglo Irish War, also known as the

702
00:44:41,320 --> 00:44:46,279
Speaker 2: Irish War of Independence, it's it's still running because the

703
00:44:46,280 --> 00:44:49,879
Speaker 2: home rule thing never happened and Ireland is still very

704
00:44:49,960 --> 00:44:54,640
Speaker 2: much under Britain's thumb. So Churchill thinks this is the

705
00:44:54,680 --> 00:44:58,360
Speaker 2: best town, you know. Instead of supporting, you know, a

706
00:44:58,440 --> 00:45:02,520
Speaker 2: country's right to govern itself, he decides to send in

707
00:45:02,560 --> 00:45:07,840
Speaker 2: the Royal Irish Constabulary, the RIIC, also known as the

708
00:45:07,840 --> 00:45:11,640
Speaker 2: Black and Tans. Now, the Black and Tans are named

709
00:45:11,680 --> 00:45:15,799
Speaker 2: so because of their uniforms, so they didn't have enough

710
00:45:15,880 --> 00:45:18,920
Speaker 2: uniforms to go round, so they would just mix and match,

711
00:45:19,080 --> 00:45:24,560
Speaker 2: just black and tan so they would be recognizable. And

712
00:45:25,400 --> 00:45:27,040
Speaker 2: there was lots of rumors about who the Black and

713
00:45:27,080 --> 00:45:31,359
Speaker 2: Tans were. They're like, oh, it's people from prisons, and yeah, yeah, no,

714
00:45:32,600 --> 00:45:37,239
Speaker 2: these were unemployed soldiers who had returned home from World

715
00:45:37,280 --> 00:45:41,640
Speaker 2: War One. Because giving weapons and unlimited power to people

716
00:45:41,680 --> 00:45:46,000
Speaker 2: who are suffering from PTSD and unresolved trauma, that's gonna

717
00:45:46,040 --> 00:45:49,400
Speaker 2: work out really fucking well for you. Because the Black

718
00:45:49,400 --> 00:45:51,920
Speaker 2: and Tans they're given fucking full reign. They get to

719
00:45:51,960 --> 00:45:53,959
Speaker 2: do whatever the fuck they want most of the time.

720
00:45:54,440 --> 00:45:56,680
Speaker 2: Because the Black and Tans were brought in to fight

721
00:45:57,320 --> 00:46:00,000
Speaker 2: the IRA, the Irish Republican Army, who at that point

722
00:46:00,160 --> 00:46:03,600
Speaker 2: were very much freedom fighters who were just vehemently opposed

723
00:46:03,640 --> 00:46:04,560
Speaker 2: to British rule.

724
00:46:05,000 --> 00:46:09,680
Speaker 4: They wanted Irish home rule. And the problem is when

725
00:46:09,680 --> 00:46:12,040
Speaker 4: you've got something like the IRA.

726
00:46:11,960 --> 00:46:13,160
Speaker 2: Is that it is a gorilla.

727
00:46:13,600 --> 00:46:17,759
Speaker 4: It's guerrilla warfare, but of course roots run deep, so

728
00:46:17,840 --> 00:46:22,320
Speaker 4: you've got ordinary civilians up to politicians who are aiding

729
00:46:22,360 --> 00:46:24,040
Speaker 4: and abetting the IRA.

730
00:46:25,160 --> 00:46:28,040
Speaker 2: The Black and Tans committed violent atrocities and horrific crimes

731
00:46:28,120 --> 00:46:34,480
Speaker 2: throughout Ireland to civilians, and Churchill never denounced them. He

732
00:46:34,560 --> 00:46:38,080
Speaker 2: stood by his decision and was admired that it was

733
00:46:38,080 --> 00:46:40,560
Speaker 2: the right thing to do. But the Emeraldal wasn't the

734
00:46:40,600 --> 00:46:44,680
Speaker 2: only place Churchill was having issues. So in Mesopotamia, which

735
00:46:44,719 --> 00:46:50,000
Speaker 2: is modern day Iraq, it was under British occupation and

736
00:46:50,040 --> 00:46:52,600
Speaker 2: there was what something that referred to as an uprising,

737
00:46:53,280 --> 00:47:00,279
Speaker 2: and without sort of any hesitation whatsoever, Churchill requested use

738
00:47:00,320 --> 00:47:04,040
Speaker 2: of mustard gas. It wasn't used, by the way, but

739
00:47:04,120 --> 00:47:08,440
Speaker 2: he also authorized the use of sneezing gas. Not to

740
00:47:08,480 --> 00:47:11,719
Speaker 2: be confused with tear gas, because it's they're both a

741
00:47:11,800 --> 00:47:15,759
Speaker 2: lacrical gas. What the fuck is sneezing gas? Well, I'm

742
00:47:15,800 --> 00:47:18,560
Speaker 2: glad you asked, because I will tell you. It's a

743
00:47:18,560 --> 00:47:21,680
Speaker 2: gas that not only causes excruciating pain, but causes you

744
00:47:21,760 --> 00:47:25,960
Speaker 2: to vomit blood. Now, I've had so many people argue

745
00:47:26,000 --> 00:47:28,960
Speaker 2: with me about this. They're like, oh, he only wanted

746
00:47:28,960 --> 00:47:32,640
Speaker 2: to tease tear gas. Firstly, tear gas in nineteen twenty

747
00:47:33,000 --> 00:47:37,840
Speaker 2: was very different to tear gas now. It is much worse. Secondly,

748
00:47:38,120 --> 00:47:42,000
Speaker 2: it was sneezing gas, which again worse than tear gas.

749
00:47:42,440 --> 00:47:44,520
Speaker 2: Not sure about you, but I feel like vomiting and

750
00:47:44,600 --> 00:47:48,600
Speaker 2: choking up blood not really a good thing. And the

751
00:47:48,640 --> 00:47:52,480
Speaker 2: worst thing was this would have been used indiscriminately against

752
00:47:52,600 --> 00:47:55,719
Speaker 2: Kurdish tribes. So it doesn't matter if you were involved

753
00:47:55,719 --> 00:47:59,680
Speaker 2: in the uprising or not. If there were civilians men, women, children,

754
00:48:00,080 --> 00:48:03,840
Speaker 2: Fuck it. He was happy for chemical weapons to be

755
00:48:04,040 --> 00:48:05,880
Speaker 2: used on civilians.

756
00:48:06,480 --> 00:48:11,000
Speaker 6: He said, I am strongly in favor of using poison

757
00:48:11,080 --> 00:48:13,480
Speaker 6: guests against uncivilized tribes.

758
00:48:14,520 --> 00:48:17,080
Speaker 2: So in nineteen twenty one he gets promoted to Secretary

759
00:48:17,080 --> 00:48:20,320
Speaker 2: of State for the Colonies. And while he's in this position,

760
00:48:21,440 --> 00:48:26,960
Speaker 2: there is an exhibition of his paintings. Yes, he made art.

761
00:48:27,239 --> 00:48:31,319
Speaker 2: There was an exhibition of his paintings in Paris under

762
00:48:31,320 --> 00:48:34,120
Speaker 2: a false name. So things are going well for him.

763
00:48:34,160 --> 00:48:37,400
Speaker 2: He's got a new job, he's got a fun hobby

764
00:48:37,920 --> 00:48:39,719
Speaker 2: that I'm sure he's making money out of some way.

765
00:48:40,280 --> 00:48:44,960
Speaker 2: And tragedy strikes. So his mom dies, and then a

766
00:48:44,960 --> 00:48:51,880
Speaker 2: little while later his youngest child, Marigold, she dies from septocemia. Unsurprisingly,

767
00:48:51,960 --> 00:48:54,960
Speaker 2: he threw himself into his work, and first things up

768
00:48:55,160 --> 00:48:59,279
Speaker 2: was negotiations with Shinfein for the Anglo Irish treaty, which,

769
00:48:59,280 --> 00:49:01,239
Speaker 2: i'll be honest to you, feels like less of a

770
00:49:01,320 --> 00:49:06,120
Speaker 2: negotiation because Britain was ready and was clear about it

771
00:49:06,760 --> 00:49:09,719
Speaker 2: that if Ireland did not agree to the terms, if

772
00:49:09,719 --> 00:49:14,720
Speaker 2: the talks fell through, that they were ready to bring

773
00:49:14,760 --> 00:49:17,759
Speaker 2: in martial law like they had it set up and

774
00:49:17,920 --> 00:49:20,680
Speaker 2: ready to go The next thing he had to do

775
00:49:20,880 --> 00:49:23,360
Speaker 2: was put people in power that he wanted in power.

776
00:49:23,960 --> 00:49:28,799
Speaker 2: So in Iraq he installed Faisal the First and in

777
00:49:28,880 --> 00:49:35,160
Speaker 2: Jordan Abdullah the First. He traveled to Palestine and denied

778
00:49:35,360 --> 00:49:41,600
Speaker 2: the Palestinian request to restrict Jewish migration into Palestine. Nineteen

779
00:49:41,640 --> 00:49:44,080
Speaker 2: twenty two was a really busy year for him because

780
00:49:44,120 --> 00:49:47,719
Speaker 2: Turkish forces are threatening to occupy a neutral zone that

781
00:49:47,719 --> 00:49:51,839
Speaker 2: the British are protects. So Lloyd George and him they

782
00:49:51,880 --> 00:49:55,680
Speaker 2: want to use like British forces resistance and the conservative

783
00:49:55,760 --> 00:49:58,560
Speaker 2: part of the government don't want to do that, so

784
00:49:58,960 --> 00:50:01,400
Speaker 2: the Tories go and they get out.

785
00:50:01,280 --> 00:50:02,960
Speaker 4: And this triggers a general election.

786
00:50:04,239 --> 00:50:06,440
Speaker 2: So while the election, the run up to the election

787
00:50:06,560 --> 00:50:10,839
Speaker 2: is happening, his fifth daughter, Mary is born and that's

788
00:50:10,880 --> 00:50:15,319
Speaker 2: his last kid. And then a month later he.

789
00:50:15,320 --> 00:50:17,680
Speaker 4: Suffers appendiciris and has to go into hospital.

790
00:50:18,120 --> 00:50:21,480
Speaker 2: So while he's in hospital, you know, he loses his

791
00:50:21,520 --> 00:50:24,160
Speaker 2: seat in Dundee to a prohibitionist, So he loses his seat.

792
00:50:24,560 --> 00:50:28,399
Speaker 2: He's in hospital recovering from appendiciris, there's a one month

793
00:50:28,520 --> 00:50:31,160
Speaker 2: baby at home, and he's just been told that he

794
00:50:31,160 --> 00:50:32,280
Speaker 2: doesn't have a job anymore.

795
00:50:33,280 --> 00:50:36,120
Speaker 4: This would be a prime time for a midlife crisis

796
00:50:36,120 --> 00:50:36,760
Speaker 4: for Churchill.

797
00:50:37,320 --> 00:50:39,360
Speaker 2: But you know, he buffs off to the South of

798
00:50:39,360 --> 00:50:42,960
Speaker 2: France and he gets into painting and he writes some

799
00:50:43,080 --> 00:50:46,040
Speaker 2: memoirs and he's just there for about six months and

800
00:50:46,080 --> 00:50:50,280
Speaker 2: then another general election is held. So whether ten, nineteen

801
00:50:50,280 --> 00:50:53,319
Speaker 2: twenty four comes around, he tries to go in as

802
00:50:53,360 --> 00:50:59,560
Speaker 2: an independent antisocialist candidate and he is defeated. See the

803
00:50:59,600 --> 00:51:03,319
Speaker 2: thing is Churchill really fucking hates the Labor Party. He

804
00:51:03,480 --> 00:51:07,120
Speaker 2: hates them and he really despises the fact that the

805
00:51:07,239 --> 00:51:09,960
Speaker 2: Liberal Party is in support of labor.

806
00:51:10,680 --> 00:51:13,440
Speaker 4: So he goes to a Conservative Party meeting in Liverpool

807
00:51:13,960 --> 00:51:16,440
Speaker 4: and he says that the Liberal Party has no space

808
00:51:16,480 --> 00:51:17,560
Speaker 4: in British politics.

809
00:51:18,280 --> 00:51:22,120
Speaker 2: And after this he joins the Conservative Party. So when

810
00:51:22,160 --> 00:51:24,680
Speaker 2: the Conservatives get into power at the next general election,

811
00:51:25,320 --> 00:51:30,200
Speaker 2: he is appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer, even though he

812
00:51:30,320 --> 00:51:36,040
Speaker 2: has absolutely no economic or financial background, like no, but

813
00:51:36,280 --> 00:51:40,719
Speaker 2: he's the guy in charge of the money. What. As

814
00:51:40,840 --> 00:51:46,480
Speaker 2: Chancellor of the Exchequer, he brings back the gold standard, which, surprise, surprise,

815
00:51:46,680 --> 00:51:50,799
Speaker 2: caused deflation and unemployment and it really fucked up the

816
00:51:50,800 --> 00:51:53,880
Speaker 2: coal industry. It wasn't completely bad. He did reduce the

817
00:51:54,040 --> 00:51:57,200
Speaker 2: pension age from seventy down to sixty five, so that

818
00:51:57,360 --> 00:52:00,680
Speaker 2: was good. He did though for someone father whole reason

819
00:52:01,360 --> 00:52:05,719
Speaker 2: reduced taxes on luxury items. So in nineteen twenty six,

820
00:52:05,920 --> 00:52:10,120
Speaker 2: Churchill is editing the British Gazette, which was the government's

821
00:52:10,160 --> 00:52:14,239
Speaker 2: anti strike propaganda newspaper, because of course, if there is

822
00:52:14,280 --> 00:52:16,680
Speaker 2: a general strike going on, you want to be able

823
00:52:16,719 --> 00:52:19,919
Speaker 2: to go against it, and like, after the strike ends,

824
00:52:19,960 --> 00:52:23,600
Speaker 2: he becomes like an intermediary between like miners and their

825
00:52:23,640 --> 00:52:28,440
Speaker 2: employers because coal miners were still being fucked over for wages.

826
00:52:29,480 --> 00:52:31,480
Speaker 2: Who could have known that this thing that was an

827
00:52:31,480 --> 00:52:33,799
Speaker 2: issue sixteen years ago is still going to be an

828
00:52:33,800 --> 00:52:37,560
Speaker 2: issue now. This does, however, lead Churchill to call for

829
00:52:37,600 --> 00:52:41,160
Speaker 2: the introduction of a mandatory minimum wage, so like legally

830
00:52:41,200 --> 00:52:45,759
Speaker 2: binding full on minimum wage for workers. The next year,

831
00:52:46,160 --> 00:52:50,400
Speaker 2: Churchill goes to Italy, he visits Rome and he meets Miscellani,

832
00:52:51,160 --> 00:52:57,160
Speaker 2: whom he praises Churchill Winston Churchill praised Miscellany. Two years later,

833
00:52:57,239 --> 00:52:59,880
Speaker 2: there's another general election. Churchill keeps his seat, but the

834
00:53:00,000 --> 00:53:04,319
Speaker 2: Conservative Party they are voted out and Labor are in.

835
00:53:05,200 --> 00:53:09,320
Speaker 2: So Churchill he's not feeling good. He's got the black dog.

836
00:53:09,800 --> 00:53:13,640
Speaker 2: See Churchill was prone to bouts of depression, and he

837
00:53:13,719 --> 00:53:17,680
Speaker 2: referred to it as his black Dog depression. It was depression.

838
00:53:18,320 --> 00:53:20,560
Speaker 2: So in order to kind of counteract this, he would

839
00:53:20,560 --> 00:53:23,719
Speaker 2: throw himself into like painting and writing, and because he

840
00:53:23,760 --> 00:53:25,719
Speaker 2: was out of office, that's what he did again. He

841
00:53:25,800 --> 00:53:30,520
Speaker 2: started writing volumes on a biography of his ancestor, John Churchill,

842
00:53:31,000 --> 00:53:34,160
Speaker 2: the first Duke of Marlborough. It's a right about this

843
00:53:34,239 --> 00:53:36,839
Speaker 2: time he starts drinking more and he's reported to be

844
00:53:37,239 --> 00:53:40,200
Speaker 2: kind of a heavy drinker. So he tries to create

845
00:53:40,239 --> 00:53:43,840
Speaker 2: a conservative liberal coalition to like fight the Labor Party,

846
00:53:44,400 --> 00:53:48,760
Speaker 2: but he ends up resigning from the Shadow Cabinet because

847
00:53:48,760 --> 00:53:51,880
Speaker 2: the Labor government want to brant dominion status to India

848
00:53:52,200 --> 00:53:56,759
Speaker 2: and the Conservative Party are supporting this, and he doesn't agree.

849
00:53:57,040 --> 00:53:59,920
Speaker 2: So he resents because he thinks that if India has

850
00:54:00,040 --> 00:54:04,520
Speaker 2: own rule, then soon enough it's gonna want independence, just

851
00:54:04,600 --> 00:54:05,479
Speaker 2: like Ireland did.

852
00:54:05,760 --> 00:54:09,360
Speaker 4: So one of the discussions about India ruling itself was

853
00:54:09,400 --> 00:54:11,960
Speaker 4: to provide it with universal suffrage, so that everybody have

854
00:54:12,040 --> 00:54:13,280
Speaker 4: the right to vote.

855
00:54:13,360 --> 00:54:15,880
Speaker 2: And Churchill said, while.

856
00:54:15,760 --> 00:54:19,840
Speaker 6: The moment shall be false upon the unchilded races of India,

857
00:54:20,239 --> 00:54:23,840
Speaker 6: that very system, the inconveniences of which are now found

858
00:54:23,960 --> 00:54:29,240
Speaker 6: even in the most highly doubled donations the United States, Germany, France,

859
00:54:29,440 --> 00:54:30,960
Speaker 6: and an England it surf.

860
00:54:31,640 --> 00:54:37,160
Speaker 2: He also really hated Gandhi, calling him a seditious Middle

861
00:54:37,200 --> 00:54:41,520
Speaker 2: Temple lawyer now posing as a fakure. So the Tories

862
00:54:41,560 --> 00:54:45,400
Speaker 2: they win the next general election and Churchill he gets elected.

863
00:54:45,400 --> 00:54:49,280
Speaker 2: He gets a seat, but he doesn't get a ministerial position.

864
00:54:49,840 --> 00:54:52,680
Speaker 4: It really gets bad to worse for Churchill here, so

865
00:54:52,760 --> 00:54:53,400
Speaker 4: he tries.

866
00:54:53,239 --> 00:54:56,760
Speaker 2: To divide the House over this dominion status of India,

867
00:54:57,120 --> 00:55:01,280
Speaker 2: and only forty three MP's back him. He then loses

868
00:55:01,280 --> 00:55:03,520
Speaker 2: a fucked ton of money in the Wall Street crash,

869
00:55:03,800 --> 00:55:05,759
Speaker 2: so he decides he's going to do a lecture tour

870
00:55:05,960 --> 00:55:09,640
Speaker 2: of the USA North America because he's going to try

871
00:55:09,640 --> 00:55:14,439
Speaker 2: and scramble back some money. Also, prohibition is very much

872
00:55:14,480 --> 00:55:18,880
Speaker 2: still happening in the USA, so Churchill brings a doctor's

873
00:55:18,920 --> 00:55:22,920
Speaker 2: note with him saying that he has medically required alcohol.

874
00:55:23,600 --> 00:55:26,600
Speaker 2: So Churchill, he's in New York. He's crossing Fifth Avenue

875
00:55:26,640 --> 00:55:30,400
Speaker 2: and then blam, he gets hit by a car and

876
00:55:30,440 --> 00:55:33,440
Speaker 2: he gets a pretty nasty head wound which results in

877
00:55:33,520 --> 00:55:36,319
Speaker 2: new ritis. So he and Clementine they go on away

878
00:55:36,360 --> 00:55:39,160
Speaker 2: trip to NASA, you know, hopefully for him to recoup,

879
00:55:39,440 --> 00:55:42,040
Speaker 2: but he just is just fucking depressed. He's like, I've

880
00:55:42,040 --> 00:55:45,680
Speaker 2: lost so much money, I'm injured, my jobushery, it's not

881
00:55:45,760 --> 00:55:48,960
Speaker 2: going well. So when he's feeling away bit better, they

882
00:55:49,000 --> 00:55:51,399
Speaker 2: head back up to the States and he finishes his tour.

883
00:55:52,440 --> 00:55:55,439
Speaker 2: After this, Churchill goes to Germany. He wants to visit

884
00:55:55,440 --> 00:55:59,280
Speaker 2: his ancestors battlegrounds, and so he heads to Munich, where

885
00:55:59,719 --> 00:56:03,040
Speaker 2: are of a friend wants to introduce him to one

886
00:56:03,239 --> 00:56:08,040
Speaker 2: Adolf Hitler. Hitler did not come to the hotel to

887
00:56:08,120 --> 00:56:12,760
Speaker 2: meet Churchill. Some say it's because Churchill was like Hitler,

888
00:56:12,800 --> 00:56:16,280
Speaker 2: is he the fellow who doesn't like Jews? And Hitler

889
00:56:16,320 --> 00:56:19,120
Speaker 2: took offense at that, and the other side say that

890
00:56:19,239 --> 00:56:22,400
Speaker 2: Hitler said Churchill isn't in office, and of such is

891
00:56:22,400 --> 00:56:26,880
Speaker 2: of no consequence either way, they didn't meet. So Churchill

892
00:56:26,960 --> 00:56:29,760
Speaker 2: visits Blenheim and then a few days later he's struck

893
00:56:29,800 --> 00:56:32,800
Speaker 2: down with power typhoid fever and he gets put in

894
00:56:32,880 --> 00:56:36,920
Speaker 2: a sanatorium in Salzburg. So he thinks he's fully recovered,

895
00:56:36,960 --> 00:56:39,200
Speaker 2: and so he heads back to England and then if

896
00:56:39,200 --> 00:56:41,719
Speaker 2: he's going for a wee leisurely stroll. One day, Bam,

897
00:56:42,360 --> 00:56:45,560
Speaker 2: his ulcer hemorrhages and he collapses, so he.

898
00:56:45,560 --> 00:56:47,759
Speaker 4: Gets taken into hospital and then he has to stay

899
00:56:47,760 --> 00:56:48,520
Speaker 4: in a London.

900
00:56:48,320 --> 00:56:51,240
Speaker 2: Nursing home for a wee while. Skip forward to nineteen

901
00:56:51,280 --> 00:56:54,960
Speaker 2: thirty three and Hitler is in power in Germany and

902
00:56:55,160 --> 00:56:59,120
Speaker 2: Churchill he isn't too happy about this because he knows

903
00:56:59,160 --> 00:57:02,120
Speaker 2: that Germany is reb their air force and he has

904
00:57:02,160 --> 00:57:05,600
Speaker 2: some kind of idea that the Luftwaffa being created and

905
00:57:05,880 --> 00:57:08,919
Speaker 2: Britain had regiced its air force, and he's like, no, no,

906
00:57:09,280 --> 00:57:12,680
Speaker 2: we need to get more. In nineteen thirty four, Churchill

907
00:57:12,760 --> 00:57:15,560
Speaker 2: goes on to the radio in a national broadcast and

908
00:57:15,640 --> 00:57:19,760
Speaker 2: raises his concerns about you know, Nazis and Nazi Germany.

909
00:57:20,160 --> 00:57:22,600
Speaker 2: And around about this time Churchill also.

910
00:57:22,440 --> 00:57:26,080
Speaker 6: Said this, those who have met her Hitler face to

911
00:57:26,160 --> 00:57:29,840
Speaker 6: face have found a highly confident, cool, well informed functionary

912
00:57:30,160 --> 00:57:33,880
Speaker 6: with an agreeable manner, a disarming smile, and few have

913
00:57:33,920 --> 00:57:36,560
Speaker 6: been unaffected by a subtle personal magnetism.

914
00:57:37,240 --> 00:57:40,680
Speaker 2: Hitler and his Nazis had surely shown their patriotic ardor

915
00:57:41,000 --> 00:57:45,919
Speaker 2: and love of country. He also said that he had admiration.

916
00:57:45,480 --> 00:57:49,200
Speaker 6: For Hitler and that the courage the puzzle ruins and

917
00:57:49,240 --> 00:57:51,920
Speaker 6: the vital force which enabled him to overcome all the

918
00:57:51,920 --> 00:57:53,920
Speaker 6: resistances which barge his bath.

919
00:57:54,920 --> 00:57:58,560
Speaker 2: And also on the whole miscellany thing. He's like praising

920
00:57:58,680 --> 00:58:04,320
Speaker 2: him because antisocialism, but he opposes Italy's invasion of Obscenia

921
00:58:05,120 --> 00:58:10,880
Speaker 2: as it was a primitive, uncivilized nation. Fun fact Italy lost.

922
00:58:11,560 --> 00:58:15,120
Speaker 2: So King George the fifth he dies, and obviously Edward

923
00:58:15,200 --> 00:58:18,440
Speaker 2: is next in line to the throne. That's Edward the eighth.

924
00:58:18,880 --> 00:58:22,360
Speaker 2: I think one second, yes, Edward the eighth, when in

925
00:58:22,480 --> 00:58:27,080
Speaker 2: doubt sing the monarch song for more blessteris William, William, Henry,

926
00:58:27,080 --> 00:58:30,360
Speaker 2: Stephen Henry, Richard, john Oi, Henry, ed ed Edwards two

927
00:58:30,360 --> 00:58:34,600
Speaker 2: with d Moore, Henry's Johnson, Edward, rich Henry, Henry ed again,

928
00:58:34,880 --> 00:58:37,520
Speaker 2: Mary one good Queen, Miss Jamie, Charles and Charles and

929
00:58:37,520 --> 00:58:42,480
Speaker 2: then Jim will Mary, Anna, Gloria, George, George, George, George,

930
00:58:42,480 --> 00:58:47,840
Speaker 2: will Victoria, Edward, George, Edward George six and Queen lives

931
00:58:47,960 --> 00:58:53,760
Speaker 2: to complete the mags. You can really hear that my

932
00:58:53,840 --> 00:58:58,240
Speaker 2: voice hasn't come back. Fuck wow. So yeah, Edward the eighth.

933
00:58:58,360 --> 00:59:01,800
Speaker 2: He wants to marry the love of his life, divorcee

934
00:59:02,000 --> 00:59:08,200
Speaker 2: Wallace Simpson sorry American divorce, Wallace Simpson and the farm,

935
00:59:08,440 --> 00:59:11,520
Speaker 2: and all his advisors are like, you can't marry her

936
00:59:11,680 --> 00:59:15,560
Speaker 2: and be king. So he abdicates and George the sixth

937
00:59:15,760 --> 00:59:19,200
Speaker 2: succeeds him. Churchill pleasures his allegiance to the new king,

938
00:59:20,040 --> 00:59:23,960
Speaker 2: but he says the abdugation crisis was bring a drawn,

939
00:59:24,440 --> 00:59:29,280
Speaker 2: probably quite unnecessary. In nineteen thirty seven, Baldwin the Prime Minister,

940
00:59:29,320 --> 00:59:32,120
Speaker 2: he resigns and he is succeeded by Nevill Chamberlain, and

941
00:59:32,280 --> 00:59:34,320
Speaker 2: Churchill is really welcoming to this at first, He's like,

942
00:59:34,360 --> 00:59:38,280
Speaker 2: really happy, he's on board. But this quickly sours when

943
00:59:38,360 --> 00:59:42,000
Speaker 2: Neville implements an appeasement policy for Missolini, which he plans

944
00:59:42,040 --> 00:59:46,720
Speaker 2: to extend to Germany. This may shock you, but Churchill

945
00:59:46,920 --> 00:59:51,400
Speaker 2: was very anti appeasement. He wanted to have a show

946
00:59:51,440 --> 00:59:53,960
Speaker 2: of force, if nothing else, at the very least a

947
00:59:54,000 --> 00:59:57,080
Speaker 2: show forth. But he was hoping to launch an offensive.

948
00:59:57,840 --> 01:00:01,000
Speaker 2: But the government was using appeasement as a way to pacify,

949
01:00:01,680 --> 01:00:05,720
Speaker 2: you know, the opposing forces, because they weren't ready. They

950
01:00:05,720 --> 01:00:08,600
Speaker 2: had to buy time. There was no way they would

951
01:00:08,600 --> 01:00:12,760
Speaker 2: have survived launching an offensive so early on. And remember

952
01:00:12,840 --> 01:00:15,520
Speaker 2: the Great War was still fresh in the minds of

953
01:00:15,600 --> 01:00:20,040
Speaker 2: so many, Like Britain still bore the scars of it.

954
01:00:20,040 --> 01:00:23,480
Speaker 4: It hadn't fully healed, it hadn't regained itself. From that point,

955
01:00:24,320 --> 01:00:28,520
Speaker 4: they weren't ready for another grand scale war, and by appeasement,

956
01:00:28,600 --> 01:00:32,400
Speaker 4: they were hoping to either buy time or hopefully avoid

957
01:00:32,600 --> 01:00:35,800
Speaker 4: getting involved in anything. Plus, Britain had other things to

958
01:00:35,800 --> 01:00:38,760
Speaker 4: focus on, like and deciding the right to rule over

959
01:00:38,760 --> 01:00:43,160
Speaker 4: the fate of Palestine. As we know, Churchill wasn't super

960
01:00:43,240 --> 01:00:47,560
Speaker 4: into will any group of indigenous people laying claim to

961
01:00:47,680 --> 01:00:53,360
Speaker 4: their own land, So at the Palestine Royal Commission in

962
01:00:53,440 --> 01:00:58,640
Speaker 4: nineteen thirty seven, Churchill testified that Britain had the right

963
01:00:59,200 --> 01:01:05,840
Speaker 4: to Palestine's destiny. He states, actually, wait, I don't want

964
01:01:05,880 --> 01:01:09,160
Speaker 4: to say this now, you know what it's It's better

965
01:01:09,200 --> 01:01:11,439
Speaker 4: I say this than not say it. I'm not gonna

966
01:01:11,480 --> 01:01:13,200
Speaker 4: I'm not gonna censor it because.

967
01:01:13,240 --> 01:01:16,240
Speaker 2: I don't like the phrasing. But yeah, this is a

968
01:01:16,320 --> 01:01:18,600
Speaker 2: quote from Churchill at this commission.

969
01:01:20,240 --> 01:01:23,160
Speaker 6: I do not admit that a great wrong has been

970
01:01:23,200 --> 01:01:26,640
Speaker 6: done to the Red Indians of America or the black

971
01:01:26,680 --> 01:01:27,800
Speaker 6: people of Australia.

972
01:01:28,480 --> 01:01:30,919
Speaker 2: I do not admit that a wrong has been done

973
01:01:30,920 --> 01:01:33,959
Speaker 2: to these people by the fact that a strong old base,

974
01:01:34,720 --> 01:01:39,680
Speaker 2: a higher grade race, a more worldly wise race, has

975
01:01:39,760 --> 01:01:43,400
Speaker 2: come in and taken their place. What a preck.

976
01:01:44,160 --> 01:01:48,160
Speaker 4: Anyway, next year, Churchill has constantly given out about appeasement.

977
01:01:48,200 --> 01:01:50,000
Speaker 2: He's worn in the government. It's the wrong way to go.

978
01:01:50,160 --> 01:01:53,240
Speaker 2: He's not into it. It's just a bad idea. Churchill

979
01:01:53,320 --> 01:01:55,760
Speaker 2: goes to Chamberlain and he tells them to threaten war

980
01:01:56,400 --> 01:02:00,360
Speaker 2: if the German forces invade the sedate in Land, which

981
01:02:00,400 --> 01:02:05,560
Speaker 2: is part of Czechoslovakia, which is inhabited by German speaking peoples,

982
01:02:06,200 --> 01:02:10,040
Speaker 2: or it was once inhabited by German speaking peoples, one

983
01:02:10,080 --> 01:02:13,360
Speaker 2: or the other. Instead of declaring war, Chamberlain signs the

984
01:02:13,520 --> 01:02:20,040
Speaker 2: Munich Agreement allowing Germany to enter Sudate Inland, which Churchill

985
01:02:20,120 --> 01:02:24,360
Speaker 2: called or Jordling or modigod dvout. I know that some

986
01:02:24,400 --> 01:02:28,280
Speaker 2: people believe that Britain was believing Hitler's bullshit about only

987
01:02:28,320 --> 01:02:32,600
Speaker 2: wanting to unite German speaking peoples. I think it's more

988
01:02:32,600 --> 01:02:35,040
Speaker 2: of a hope for the best, expect the worst scenario,

989
01:02:35,400 --> 01:02:37,400
Speaker 2: Like they're hoping they don't have to go to war,

990
01:02:37,720 --> 01:02:40,600
Speaker 2: but they are very much expecting to go to war

991
01:02:41,640 --> 01:02:44,960
Speaker 2: because all of these European countries, they have alliances with

992
01:02:45,040 --> 01:02:48,040
Speaker 2: one another. So Germany has the sedate in land and

993
01:02:48,080 --> 01:02:50,160
Speaker 2: that's supposed to be then that's supposed to be done.

994
01:02:50,520 --> 01:02:52,160
Speaker 2: No more. You've got to be a bit of land,

995
01:02:52,240 --> 01:02:55,439
Speaker 2: your grand And then they start encroaching on the rest

996
01:02:55,480 --> 01:03:00,160
Speaker 2: of Czechoslovakia and Britain's like, as sure, you're pushing it.

997
01:03:01,240 --> 01:03:03,600
Speaker 2: And when they invade Poland on the first of September

998
01:03:03,720 --> 01:03:05,640
Speaker 2: nineteen thirty nine, they're.

999
01:03:05,400 --> 01:03:07,840
Speaker 4: Like, ah, now, lads, you've got a bit far.

1000
01:03:08,720 --> 01:03:11,160
Speaker 2: So on the third of September in nineteen thirty nine,

1001
01:03:11,480 --> 01:03:16,160
Speaker 2: Britain declares war on Germany. Churchill gets reappointed to Lord

1002
01:03:16,160 --> 01:03:20,000
Speaker 2: of the Admiralty even after the massive fuck up last time.

1003
01:03:20,640 --> 01:03:22,960
Speaker 2: But yeah, he's first Lord of the Admiralty and he's

1004
01:03:23,000 --> 01:03:25,960
Speaker 2: part of the war cabinet. So like, there's this eight

1005
01:03:26,000 --> 01:03:28,960
Speaker 2: month period at the beginning of World War Two where

1006
01:03:29,280 --> 01:03:33,880
Speaker 2: it's called the phony War because nothing really happens. There

1007
01:03:33,920 --> 01:03:37,520
Speaker 2: isn't a large military offensive. There's like one thing, one

1008
01:03:37,600 --> 01:03:40,400
Speaker 2: naval battle that happens and I think one little land assault,

1009
01:03:40,880 --> 01:03:44,480
Speaker 2: but the majority of it is more like an economic warfare.

1010
01:03:44,800 --> 01:03:47,240
Speaker 2: They're like trying to do like naval blockades to like

1011
01:03:47,280 --> 01:03:52,440
Speaker 2: prevent Iron getting to Germany. So because there's this like

1012
01:03:52,840 --> 01:03:55,560
Speaker 2: one naval victory, there's a lot of commotion and promotion

1013
01:03:55,680 --> 01:03:59,800
Speaker 2: in the press regarding Churchill, and he is eating it up,

1014
01:04:00,600 --> 01:04:04,760
Speaker 2: and they're trying to avoid Germany invading Norway. But they

1015
01:04:04,800 --> 01:04:08,600
Speaker 2: fail because the Warrank Cabinet could not agree with the

1016
01:04:08,640 --> 01:04:09,440
Speaker 2: French government.

1017
01:04:10,280 --> 01:04:13,680
Speaker 4: So because the Allies fucked up and prevented the occupation

1018
01:04:13,840 --> 01:04:18,040
Speaker 4: of Norway by German forces, the Norway Debate happens in

1019
01:04:18,080 --> 01:04:20,720
Speaker 4: the House of Commons, and this is like one of

1020
01:04:20,760 --> 01:04:23,640
Speaker 4: the most important events ever to happen in like the

1021
01:04:23,680 --> 01:04:27,360
Speaker 4: history of Parliament, probably up there with you know, guy

1022
01:04:27,480 --> 01:04:29,520
Speaker 4: Fox trying to blow it up. So there was a

1023
01:04:29,600 --> 01:04:33,560
Speaker 4: vote of no confidence in Chamberlain and his government and

1024
01:04:33,760 --> 01:04:36,880
Speaker 4: Churchill he's actually got quite good support at this time,

1025
01:04:37,280 --> 01:04:39,240
Speaker 4: you know, because the Way naval battle and because the

1026
01:04:39,240 --> 01:04:42,200
Speaker 4: press is bigging him up, and of course his speeches.

1027
01:04:42,760 --> 01:04:45,440
Speaker 4: But because he is a member of this government, he

1028
01:04:45,560 --> 01:04:49,200
Speaker 4: has to speak. It's obligatory he has to. So he

1029
01:04:49,240 --> 01:04:52,000
Speaker 4: has to somehow shit on the government that he's a

1030
01:04:52,040 --> 01:04:52,680
Speaker 4: part of.

1031
01:04:52,920 --> 01:04:59,800
Speaker 2: Without degrading or demeaning himself in any way. On May tenth, Belgium, Luxembourg,

1032
01:05:00,120 --> 01:05:04,120
Speaker 2: and the Netherlands are all invaded by German forces because

1033
01:05:04,200 --> 01:05:07,000
Speaker 2: Germany is making its way towards France.

1034
01:05:07,560 --> 01:05:10,360
Speaker 4: Chamberlain tries to set up a coalition government, but Labor

1035
01:05:10,760 --> 01:05:15,000
Speaker 4: refused to work with him. Specifically, they'll work with a Conservative,

1036
01:05:15,480 --> 01:05:19,480
Speaker 4: but not with Chamberlain. So they've got two options, Winston

1037
01:05:19,560 --> 01:05:23,600
Speaker 4: Churchill or Lord Halifax. Now Lord Halifax is a member

1038
01:05:23,600 --> 01:05:26,440
Speaker 4: of the House of Lords, so he's not really an option,

1039
01:05:27,160 --> 01:05:30,800
Speaker 4: so Churchill gets it. Churchill is appointed Prime Minister in

1040
01:05:30,840 --> 01:05:35,360
Speaker 4: October when Chamberlain resigns due to ill health, even though

1041
01:05:35,400 --> 01:05:38,640
Speaker 4: Churchill was still generally unpopular within and out with his.

1042
01:05:38,640 --> 01:05:41,720
Speaker 2: Own party, so the countries at war. First things first,

1043
01:05:41,800 --> 01:05:44,680
Speaker 2: Churchill sets up a war cabinet, and he has members

1044
01:05:44,680 --> 01:05:50,360
Speaker 2: of both Labor and the Conservatives, including Arthur Greenwood, Lord Halifax,

1045
01:05:50,960 --> 01:05:55,240
Speaker 2: Clement Attlee, and Neville Chamberlain. As World War Two rages on,

1046
01:05:55,600 --> 01:05:59,360
Speaker 2: like the cabinet expands, you end up with a Minister

1047
01:05:59,440 --> 01:06:02,600
Speaker 2: for Labor and the Minister of Defense because there was

1048
01:06:02,680 --> 01:06:07,400
Speaker 2: no minister in charge of prosecuting the war, and Minister

1049
01:06:07,480 --> 01:06:12,200
Speaker 2: of Defense was an additional duty that church Hill gave himself.

1050
01:06:12,200 --> 01:06:15,800
Speaker 2: It was an additional appointment, thus making him the most

1051
01:06:15,840 --> 01:06:21,160
Speaker 2: powerful prime minister during wartime in history. So war rage

1052
01:06:21,240 --> 01:06:24,320
Speaker 2: is on and after the defeat at Dunkirk and France

1053
01:06:24,440 --> 01:06:26,800
Speaker 2: is about to fall, some members of the government are

1054
01:06:26,840 --> 01:06:28,720
Speaker 2: hoping that maybe they can work out a peace treaty

1055
01:06:29,160 --> 01:06:32,760
Speaker 2: with Germany. In Churchill really didn't want public opinion to

1056
01:06:32,800 --> 01:06:35,360
Speaker 2: sway in the way of a peace treaty. He didn't

1057
01:06:35,360 --> 01:06:38,960
Speaker 2: want that, so he did what he did best, speeches,

1058
01:06:39,680 --> 01:06:41,640
Speaker 2: and of course, using his gift to the gap, he

1059
01:06:41,680 --> 01:06:45,200
Speaker 2: wins everyone over. He orders the formation of both the

1060
01:06:45,280 --> 01:06:49,480
Speaker 2: Special Operations Executive, the SOE and the Commandos. So there

1061
01:06:49,520 --> 01:06:51,960
Speaker 2: was a fuck ton of stuff happening during wartime. And

1062
01:06:52,000 --> 01:06:56,200
Speaker 2: it's not just battles and speeches. He's like organizing the

1063
01:06:56,240 --> 01:07:00,000
Speaker 2: creation of like chemical warfare, one of which I covered

1064
01:07:00,080 --> 01:07:03,600
Speaker 2: in one of our previous episodes, the Bittysode of Anthrax Island,

1065
01:07:03,640 --> 01:07:06,200
Speaker 2: which you should totally go listen to it. They tried

1066
01:07:06,320 --> 01:07:08,960
Speaker 2: a bunch of a bunch of shit. A lot of

1067
01:07:08,960 --> 01:07:11,520
Speaker 2: it is what I like to call Operation What the Fuck,

1068
01:07:12,280 --> 01:07:14,040
Speaker 2: which is going to be a series on YouTube when

1069
01:07:14,040 --> 01:07:16,120
Speaker 2: I actually get round to filming all of the weird

1070
01:07:16,160 --> 01:07:18,880
Speaker 2: shit they tried to do. But a lot of these

1071
01:07:18,920 --> 01:07:21,880
Speaker 2: things they tried were weird. I mean, you can call.

1072
01:07:21,800 --> 01:07:24,960
Speaker 4: It outside the box, but it's just fucking weird. And

1073
01:07:25,000 --> 01:07:29,200
Speaker 4: a lot of the other stuff is quite unethical. See,

1074
01:07:29,280 --> 01:07:32,080
Speaker 4: Churchill is getting worried about the quality of the British

1075
01:07:32,120 --> 01:07:37,000
Speaker 4: troops because they're being defeated in France, Norway, crete in Greece,

1076
01:07:37,520 --> 01:07:41,920
Speaker 4: and to add insult to injury, Japan takes Singapore and Burma.

1077
01:07:42,600 --> 01:07:44,800
Speaker 4: So in nineteen forty three he really starts going to

1078
01:07:44,880 --> 01:07:48,520
Speaker 4: all of these international conferences with other leaders, and over

1079
01:07:48,560 --> 01:07:51,240
Speaker 4: the next year in a bit, he spends like two

1080
01:07:51,360 --> 01:07:54,040
Speaker 4: thirds of his time out of the country. Like he's

1081
01:07:54,080 --> 01:07:57,320
Speaker 4: not in Britain, he's elsewhere meeting up with all these

1082
01:07:57,320 --> 01:08:00,360
Speaker 4: other leaders planning out shit. So I will Trychi is

1083
01:08:00,400 --> 01:08:02,640
Speaker 4: barely in the country, and you know, the Allies are

1084
01:08:02,720 --> 01:08:05,160
Speaker 4: still very much in the midst of the war with Nazis.

1085
01:08:06,080 --> 01:08:10,120
Speaker 4: Bengal in British India is suffering one of the worst

1086
01:08:10,200 --> 01:08:13,360
Speaker 4: famines in its history. It's at the point where British

1087
01:08:13,400 --> 01:08:18,000
Speaker 4: officials are actually telegramming back requesting aid, and Churchill says

1088
01:08:18,080 --> 01:08:20,760
Speaker 4: that relief would do no good because it was the

1089
01:08:20,800 --> 01:08:25,960
Speaker 4: Indian's fault. For reading live rabbits, and when they informed

1090
01:08:26,000 --> 01:08:29,160
Speaker 4: him of the bodies quite literally piling up in the streets,

1091
01:08:29,680 --> 01:08:34,439
Speaker 4: he asked, why isn't gold digi It Not only was

1092
01:08:34,479 --> 01:08:39,040
Speaker 4: the majority of viable food reserved for either British forces

1093
01:08:39,200 --> 01:08:43,439
Speaker 4: or British officials in India. When Canada and the US

1094
01:08:43,479 --> 01:08:47,080
Speaker 4: offered to provide foodstuffs in aid, you know, for India,

1095
01:08:47,360 --> 01:08:51,800
Speaker 4: Churchill denied this request and he had the foods diverted

1096
01:08:52,280 --> 01:08:57,280
Speaker 4: to British troops to support British troops.

1097
01:08:57,320 --> 01:08:59,439
Speaker 2: And you might be thinking, well, you know, that's just

1098
01:08:59,479 --> 01:09:03,600
Speaker 2: one of the sadfices you make in war, except the

1099
01:09:03,680 --> 01:09:06,800
Speaker 2: areas he was sending food to the troops didn't have

1100
01:09:06,840 --> 01:09:09,720
Speaker 2: a food shortage. Skipped forward to D Day the Sex

1101
01:09:09,800 --> 01:09:13,519
Speaker 2: of June nineteen forty four and Churchill is actively involved

1102
01:09:13,520 --> 01:09:16,120
Speaker 2: in this. He expects to go with the troops on

1103
01:09:16,200 --> 01:09:18,400
Speaker 2: D Day, or at least on the next day, but

1104
01:09:18,520 --> 01:09:21,439
Speaker 2: the King basically tells him no. So the thing about

1105
01:09:21,520 --> 01:09:23,519
Speaker 2: D Day is it was actually supposed to happen a

1106
01:09:23,560 --> 01:09:26,760
Speaker 2: little bit earlier, but because of a teenage girl in

1107
01:09:26,840 --> 01:09:30,960
Speaker 2: County Mayo and Ireland, it didn't and it probably saved

1108
01:09:31,040 --> 01:09:34,760
Speaker 2: literally thousands of lives, but that's another story for another day.

1109
01:09:35,000 --> 01:09:39,759
Speaker 2: Churchill had estimated a loss of twenty thousand souls, but luckily,

1110
01:09:39,960 --> 01:09:43,240
Speaker 2: I guess it was only eight thousand. I mean, luckily

1111
01:09:43,280 --> 01:09:47,160
Speaker 2: it was less death, but still massive loss of life.

1112
01:09:47,680 --> 01:09:50,439
Speaker 2: Not exactly anything to be happy about. But yes, D

1113
01:09:50,600 --> 01:09:54,639
Speaker 2: Day and the invasion of Normandy are success In nineteen

1114
01:09:54,680 --> 01:09:55,280
Speaker 2: forty five.

1115
01:09:55,400 --> 01:09:59,280
Speaker 4: The Allies can feel that the end is near, but Churchill,

1116
01:09:59,320 --> 01:10:00,800
Speaker 4: he really wants to shorten this war.

1117
01:10:00,840 --> 01:10:03,800
Speaker 2: He thinks he can just get it down, and in

1118
01:10:03,840 --> 01:10:07,320
Speaker 2: the last few months of the war he thinks, what's

1119
01:10:07,320 --> 01:10:11,480
Speaker 2: a war crime amongst friends? The German city of Dresden

1120
01:10:11,800 --> 01:10:15,160
Speaker 2: is full of the wounded and refugees from the Eastern Front,

1121
01:10:15,680 --> 01:10:20,120
Speaker 2: and between the thirteenth and fifteenth of December, US and

1122
01:10:20,240 --> 01:10:24,360
Speaker 2: British air bombers decide to attack the city, resulting in

1123
01:10:24,360 --> 01:10:28,080
Speaker 2: the death of up to twenty five thousand people, most

1124
01:10:28,080 --> 01:10:32,240
Speaker 2: of whom were civilians and people fleeing the war. But

1125
01:10:32,360 --> 01:10:34,720
Speaker 2: Dresden was not the only city to be destroyed by

1126
01:10:34,720 --> 01:10:40,519
Speaker 2: this bombing campaign, because Hamburg and Cologne were also fucked

1127
01:10:40,600 --> 01:10:43,799
Speaker 2: up by the Allies. And it wasn't just cities. Small

1128
01:10:43,840 --> 01:10:47,479
Speaker 2: towns were also part of this attack, Allied forces were

1129
01:10:47,520 --> 01:10:52,680
Speaker 2: deliberately bombing small towns with little to no strategic value.

1130
01:10:53,120 --> 01:10:56,160
Speaker 2: Churchill wasn't shy about the fact that he had no

1131
01:10:56,360 --> 01:11:00,519
Speaker 2: conscientious or legal objections to bombing places once he took

1132
01:11:00,520 --> 01:11:02,519
Speaker 2: go for as Prime Minister, and he probably didn't give

1133
01:11:02,560 --> 01:11:05,799
Speaker 2: one flying fuck that he killed six hundred and thirty

1134
01:11:05,800 --> 01:11:11,800
Speaker 2: five thousand civilians, including seventy five thousand children. On the

1135
01:11:11,840 --> 01:11:15,800
Speaker 2: seventh of May nineteen forty five, the Allies accepted Germany's

1136
01:11:15,920 --> 01:11:19,280
Speaker 2: unconditional surrender. The next day is known as V Day

1137
01:11:19,479 --> 01:11:24,120
Speaker 2: or victory in Europe Day, and Churchill he broadcasts to

1138
01:11:24,120 --> 01:11:28,719
Speaker 2: the nation that Germany has been defeated. Afterwards, he goes

1139
01:11:28,760 --> 01:11:33,040
Speaker 2: to Buckingham Fucking Palace and shows upon the balcony waving

1140
01:11:33,080 --> 01:11:36,559
Speaker 2: along with the royal family. So the war ends. Things

1141
01:11:36,600 --> 01:11:39,160
Speaker 2: cool down a wee bit. Labor no longer wants to

1142
01:11:39,200 --> 01:11:42,320
Speaker 2: be in government, you know, in a coalition, so the

1143
01:11:42,360 --> 01:11:45,840
Speaker 2: government dissolves and Churchill gets permission from the King to

1144
01:11:45,840 --> 01:11:48,719
Speaker 2: set up a new government until the next general election.

1145
01:11:50,280 --> 01:11:56,880
Speaker 2: The next general election comes around and Churchill broadcasts that

1146
01:11:57,080 --> 01:12:01,600
Speaker 2: the labor government of a labor government would have to

1147
01:12:01,640 --> 01:12:05,719
Speaker 2: have some form of gestapo in order to work. Now,

1148
01:12:06,040 --> 01:12:12,479
Speaker 2: comparing members of the government to your enemy's secret police

1149
01:12:12,479 --> 01:12:16,439
Speaker 2: regime not really a good idea, but he said it anyway,

1150
01:12:17,160 --> 01:12:21,639
Speaker 2: and surprisingly enough, he'll loses that election, but he stays

1151
01:12:21,680 --> 01:12:24,280
Speaker 2: a member of the Conservative Party as the leader of

1152
01:12:24,320 --> 01:12:29,400
Speaker 2: the opposition when Churchill is seventy seven years old. The

1153
01:12:29,439 --> 01:12:33,200
Speaker 2: Conservative Party win more seats in the next general election

1154
01:12:33,760 --> 01:12:38,160
Speaker 2: in nineteen fifty one, and Churchill is the Prime Minister again.

1155
01:12:38,800 --> 01:12:42,120
Speaker 2: The King at the time, George the sixth he's getting

1156
01:12:42,160 --> 01:12:43,160
Speaker 2: worried about.

1157
01:12:42,960 --> 01:12:45,000
Speaker 4: Churchill and his declining health and how.

1158
01:12:44,880 --> 01:12:48,920
Speaker 2: He's just not quite the man he was, and he

1159
01:12:49,000 --> 01:12:53,200
Speaker 2: is planning to request that Churchill steps down. Unfortunately, George

1160
01:12:53,240 --> 01:12:57,400
Speaker 2: the sixth dies before he can do this. In nineteen

1161
01:12:57,479 --> 01:13:00,400
Speaker 2: fifty three, he accepts the Order of the Garter at

1162
01:13:00,520 --> 01:13:04,080
Speaker 2: Queen Elizabeth the second request, and he is knighted as

1163
01:13:04,400 --> 01:13:07,519
Speaker 2: Sir Winston Churchill. On the twenty fourth of April nineteen

1164
01:13:07,520 --> 01:13:11,360
Speaker 2: fifty three. Mos later, Churchill suffers a stroke and he

1165
01:13:11,520 --> 01:13:16,000
Speaker 2: is like partially paralyzed down one side. They keep this

1166
01:13:16,040 --> 01:13:18,000
Speaker 2: whole thing a secret at the time, and he goes

1167
01:13:18,040 --> 01:13:20,760
Speaker 2: home to rest for a couple of months, and he

1168
01:13:20,800 --> 01:13:24,439
Speaker 2: recuperates and he gets basically back to you know, work

1169
01:13:24,479 --> 01:13:27,519
Speaker 2: in order, so he has to resign in nineteen fifty

1170
01:13:27,560 --> 01:13:33,200
Speaker 2: five and Elizabeth the Second she offers to create the

1171
01:13:33,240 --> 01:13:37,679
Speaker 2: title Duke of London for Churchill, but then she doesn't

1172
01:13:37,800 --> 01:13:42,960
Speaker 2: because Randolph his son doesn't want to inherit it. And like,

1173
01:13:43,160 --> 01:13:46,439
Speaker 2: even though Churchill had like resimed his Prime Minister, he

1174
01:13:46,640 --> 01:13:50,320
Speaker 2: was still an MP, a Member of Parliament up until

1175
01:13:50,400 --> 01:13:54,320
Speaker 2: nineteen sixty four when he eventually stands down, and that's

1176
01:13:54,400 --> 01:13:57,599
Speaker 2: him finally retired. And he spends most of his time

1177
01:13:57,680 --> 01:14:01,879
Speaker 2: either like in London or Dawson about the French Riviera,

1178
01:14:02,080 --> 01:14:06,080
Speaker 2: hobnobbing with the high society of folks there. But it's

1179
01:14:06,120 --> 01:14:09,639
Speaker 2: not all sunshine and rose. See, when he's in Monte Carlo,

1180
01:14:10,040 --> 01:14:12,639
Speaker 2: he takes a tumble and breaks his hip. He's then

1181
01:14:12,720 --> 01:14:15,880
Speaker 2: flown back to a London hospital because part of the

1182
01:14:15,880 --> 01:14:19,559
Speaker 2: hospital's in Monte Carlo were good enough. The very next year,

1183
01:14:19,800 --> 01:14:27,639
Speaker 2: JFK President John Fitzgerald Kennedy proclaims Winston Churchill an honorary us.

1184
01:14:27,640 --> 01:14:31,080
Speaker 4: Is in via an Act of Congress. Due to his

1185
01:14:31,200 --> 01:14:33,320
Speaker 4: ill health, he's not able.

1186
01:14:33,120 --> 01:14:35,160
Speaker 2: To fly to the White House to receive this honor.

1187
01:14:35,640 --> 01:14:38,840
Speaker 2: Some reports said because he was just physically unwell, and

1188
01:14:39,040 --> 01:14:41,559
Speaker 2: others it's the return of the black Dog and that

1189
01:14:41,600 --> 01:14:44,479
Speaker 2: he is in the midst of a great depression. In

1190
01:14:44,560 --> 01:14:50,040
Speaker 2: nineteen sixty five, Churchill suffers a final stroke and he

1191
01:14:50,120 --> 01:14:53,800
Speaker 2: passes away. Twelve days later on the twenty fourth of January.

1192
01:14:54,320 --> 01:14:57,040
Speaker 2: He has a massive state dream role that they have

1193
01:14:57,160 --> 01:15:01,680
Speaker 2: been planning for twelve years. They had prepared over a

1194
01:15:01,720 --> 01:15:05,200
Speaker 2: decade in advance our take of January. He was buried

1195
01:15:05,200 --> 01:15:08,559
Speaker 2: in Saint Matred's Church and his family plot and so

1196
01:15:09,080 --> 01:15:13,639
Speaker 2: ends the story of Sir Winston Churchill. I'm so glad

1197
01:15:13,680 --> 01:15:15,880
Speaker 2: you made it this far. I'm sorry that my voice

1198
01:15:15,920 --> 01:15:18,840
Speaker 2: is dying. If you liked my retelling of this tale,

1199
01:15:18,840 --> 01:15:21,679
Speaker 2: feel free to rate and review five stars on all

1200
01:15:21,760 --> 01:15:25,320
Speaker 2: of the things that you can rate on Spotify, Apple podcasts.

1201
01:15:25,439 --> 01:15:28,040
Speaker 2: Say nice things, please give five stars, or you can

1202
01:15:28,120 --> 01:15:30,000
Speaker 2: just say mean things. You can say whatever you want

1203
01:15:30,000 --> 01:15:31,880
Speaker 2: as long as you give me five stars. You can

1204
01:15:31,920 --> 01:15:34,679
Speaker 2: insult me. I don't care. And now to the part

1205
01:15:34,680 --> 01:15:37,320
Speaker 2: where I ask you a favor. If you were listening

1206
01:15:37,360 --> 01:15:40,479
Speaker 2: to this before September twelfth, twenty twenty two.

1207
01:15:41,000 --> 01:15:43,320
Speaker 4: I really lead you to go onto the Irish podcast

1208
01:15:43,360 --> 01:15:47,040
Speaker 4: Awards link down below and it'll be an option for

1209
01:15:47,080 --> 01:15:47,679
Speaker 4: the listener.

1210
01:15:47,920 --> 01:15:50,360
Speaker 2: Sorry, I know this is a hassle, bit bear with me.

1211
01:15:51,280 --> 01:15:53,720
Speaker 2: So you type in who did what now and you'll

1212
01:15:53,720 --> 01:15:55,360
Speaker 2: see my weel will come up and you click on

1213
01:15:55,439 --> 01:15:57,200
Speaker 2: me and you have to fill in some details you

1214
01:15:57,240 --> 01:16:00,000
Speaker 2: read email address, and they will send you an email

1215
01:16:00,600 --> 01:16:03,240
Speaker 2: which you then have to click on to approve the

1216
01:16:03,320 --> 01:16:09,040
Speaker 2: vote because it's one email per vote, one vote per

1217
01:16:09,080 --> 01:16:13,360
Speaker 2: email address. Yep, that's right. I would appreciate it so

1218
01:16:13,360 --> 01:16:16,280
Speaker 2: so much. You have no idea. Now before I go,

1219
01:16:16,360 --> 01:16:21,280
Speaker 2: I must do some recommendations for listening. I am going

1220
01:16:21,360 --> 01:16:25,439
Speaker 2: to recommend the Art of History podcast with Amanda Go.

1221
01:16:25,840 --> 01:16:30,479
Speaker 2: She's fantastic. Go listen to her. For watching fuck It

1222
01:16:30,560 --> 01:16:33,840
Speaker 2: she hawk Attorney at Law. It's funny, it's great, Go

1223
01:16:33,960 --> 01:16:38,320
Speaker 2: watch it. And for reading Oh Fire and Blood by

1224
01:16:38,360 --> 01:16:41,600
Speaker 2: George R. R. Martin. I was recently inspired not by the

1225
01:16:41,640 --> 01:16:47,880
Speaker 2: TV show actually, but by is it Kaye Say, Katy Say. Anyway,

1226
01:16:48,040 --> 01:16:51,000
Speaker 2: she's fantastic on TikTok and she talks about all the

1227
01:16:51,040 --> 01:16:52,639
Speaker 2: history of Game of Thrones and a Song of Ice

1228
01:16:52,680 --> 01:16:54,880
Speaker 2: and Fire and it just made me really want to

1229
01:16:54,920 --> 01:16:58,360
Speaker 2: read it again. So go read that and with that

1230
01:16:59,000 --> 01:17:04,639
Speaker 2: I shall say good night, Adios au revoir or voo

1231
01:17:04,800 --> 01:17:07,120
Speaker 2: is m my friends, Bye bye,