1 00:00:07,200 --> 00:00:10,960 Speaker 1: Welcome to Creature feature production of iHeartRadio. I'm your host 2 00:00:11,000 --> 00:00:16,000 Speaker 1: of Many Parasites, Katie Golden. I studied psychology and evolutionary biology, 3 00:00:16,040 --> 00:00:18,959 Speaker 1: and today on the show, we're talking about the belly 4 00:00:19,000 --> 00:00:20,000 Speaker 1: of the beast. 5 00:00:19,800 --> 00:00:22,800 Speaker 2: And how you can escape being eaten. 6 00:00:22,920 --> 00:00:27,680 Speaker 1: Well, maybe not you personally, but we have three, actually 7 00:00:27,840 --> 00:00:32,960 Speaker 1: four brave creatures who are able to Houdini their way 8 00:00:33,760 --> 00:00:39,960 Speaker 1: out of an animal using some very creative exits discover 9 00:00:40,040 --> 00:00:44,000 Speaker 1: the semore as we answer the angel question, who does 10 00:00:44,040 --> 00:00:47,479 Speaker 1: it best getting out of a toad or frog? 11 00:00:48,159 --> 00:00:51,160 Speaker 2: Joining me today is author of the new book. 12 00:00:51,120 --> 00:00:54,440 Speaker 1: I'm starting to worry about this black box of doom, 13 00:00:55,080 --> 00:00:57,680 Speaker 1: which should be out right now. 14 00:00:58,160 --> 00:00:59,760 Speaker 2: Jason Pargin, Welcome. 15 00:01:01,760 --> 00:01:04,800 Speaker 3: So I spent the last few days watching videos of 16 00:01:04,840 --> 00:01:09,600 Speaker 3: the adorable baby hippo mooding modang yeah at the zoo 17 00:01:09,640 --> 00:01:14,720 Speaker 3: and Thailand. Is it possible this amount of discussion of 18 00:01:14,760 --> 00:01:18,920 Speaker 3: the adorable baby hippo? Would this justify you putting mooding 19 00:01:19,280 --> 00:01:24,479 Speaker 3: in the thumbnail for this episode, which would vastly, vastly 20 00:01:24,600 --> 00:01:29,160 Speaker 3: increase listenership, I think, and if you could even mention 21 00:01:29,959 --> 00:01:34,080 Speaker 3: we talked about the adorable pygmy hippo mooding and some 22 00:01:34,240 --> 00:01:35,040 Speaker 3: other things. 23 00:01:36,160 --> 00:01:41,360 Speaker 1: Yeah, mostly things crawling out of other things. But but yeah, 24 00:01:41,600 --> 00:01:45,120 Speaker 1: mood really it's all about Moodang. I do love moodan. 25 00:01:45,720 --> 00:01:49,800 Speaker 1: I don't know how to game the system such. 26 00:01:49,640 --> 00:01:52,840 Speaker 2: That I can squeeze. 27 00:01:52,440 --> 00:01:58,320 Speaker 1: Attention from mood Dang's adorable round body onto myself. But 28 00:01:58,640 --> 00:02:02,120 Speaker 1: I actually recently had a bit of a plumbing snafu, 29 00:02:03,040 --> 00:02:06,800 Speaker 1: and I do feel like I probably looked almost exactly 30 00:02:06,920 --> 00:02:09,079 Speaker 1: like one of those photos of mooding, because every time 31 00:02:09,240 --> 00:02:12,000 Speaker 1: there's a photo of her, she's like kind of like wet, 32 00:02:12,400 --> 00:02:16,440 Speaker 1: like hosed down wet, and looks surprised and angry about it. 33 00:02:16,919 --> 00:02:17,920 Speaker 2: And that happened to me. 34 00:02:18,200 --> 00:02:21,880 Speaker 1: I accidentally sprayed a bunch of dirty sink water on 35 00:02:21,960 --> 00:02:25,760 Speaker 1: myself by removing a U trap when I should definitely 36 00:02:25,800 --> 00:02:30,960 Speaker 1: not have done that, and I looked just like muding. 37 00:02:33,639 --> 00:02:35,480 Speaker 3: Anybody out there, if you need a visual while you're 38 00:02:35,520 --> 00:02:39,520 Speaker 3: listening to this, just go look up. It's moo space 39 00:02:39,720 --> 00:02:44,480 Speaker 3: DNG and just enjoy the various videos of mooding basically 40 00:02:44,520 --> 00:02:47,760 Speaker 3: as two modes, either at sleep or biting something sleep. 41 00:02:47,800 --> 00:02:52,000 Speaker 3: And it's tiny, it's not hurting you. It's just running around, 42 00:02:52,040 --> 00:02:54,640 Speaker 3: tiny little miniature hippo you can hold in your hands, 43 00:02:54,720 --> 00:02:58,440 Speaker 3: just biting everything in sight. So just watch that and 44 00:02:58,480 --> 00:03:00,680 Speaker 3: then that will be our last mention of mooding. But 45 00:03:00,720 --> 00:03:03,600 Speaker 3: that's okay because still in your mind you can think, 46 00:03:03,600 --> 00:03:07,240 Speaker 3: if this asks the mooding episode, we're dedicating it to mouding. 47 00:03:07,520 --> 00:03:08,520 Speaker 2: Yeah, we are. 48 00:03:08,760 --> 00:03:12,359 Speaker 1: This is this is an honor of muding because Mudan 49 00:03:12,520 --> 00:03:14,960 Speaker 1: likes to eat things, and this is it's almost like 50 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:18,680 Speaker 1: a cautionary tale because you definitely don't want to eat 51 00:03:18,720 --> 00:03:22,480 Speaker 1: things that then like come back out of you, which 52 00:03:22,560 --> 00:03:26,119 Speaker 1: is never a good time. So that is what we're 53 00:03:26,120 --> 00:03:30,120 Speaker 1: talking about today. You know, we can also just sandwich 54 00:03:30,200 --> 00:03:33,720 Speaker 1: this between adorable tales of muding, because honestly, this is 55 00:03:33,800 --> 00:03:35,760 Speaker 1: kind of gross, a little bit of a gross episode, 56 00:03:36,160 --> 00:03:38,520 Speaker 1: so like, well, we'll do a palate cleanser. We'll talk 57 00:03:38,520 --> 00:03:40,920 Speaker 1: about mooding more after this. 58 00:03:41,040 --> 00:03:46,120 Speaker 2: But yeah, So there is a new new eel. 59 00:03:46,200 --> 00:03:50,440 Speaker 1: It's actually an old eel, but new news news about 60 00:03:50,440 --> 00:03:56,400 Speaker 1: eels that they can come out of a fish when 61 00:03:56,400 --> 00:03:57,440 Speaker 1: they are eaten by a fish. 62 00:03:57,520 --> 00:04:00,480 Speaker 2: So there was a YouTube video. 63 00:04:01,000 --> 00:04:05,160 Speaker 1: And a New York Times article by Annie Roth, and 64 00:04:05,960 --> 00:04:10,120 Speaker 1: this is about eels escaping fish stomachs. Now Jason I 65 00:04:10,320 --> 00:04:16,479 Speaker 1: have sent you the the film footage of an eel 66 00:04:16,960 --> 00:04:19,640 Speaker 1: making its way out of a fish, and I encourage 67 00:04:19,680 --> 00:04:20,440 Speaker 1: you to watch it. 68 00:04:23,400 --> 00:04:26,799 Speaker 3: So I guess we should. You did kind of warn 69 00:04:26,880 --> 00:04:29,360 Speaker 3: people to some of you out there, this might be 70 00:04:29,640 --> 00:04:33,640 Speaker 3: the most upsetting episode you've ever listened to, because I 71 00:04:33,800 --> 00:04:37,200 Speaker 3: guess I knew that lots of predators in the wild 72 00:04:37,320 --> 00:04:41,280 Speaker 3: swallow their food whole. I mean, my favorite video anywhere 73 00:04:41,440 --> 00:04:44,880 Speaker 3: is my favorite genre of video as side of moodang videos, 74 00:04:44,960 --> 00:04:47,400 Speaker 3: is of pelicans trying to eat things are not supposed 75 00:04:47,400 --> 00:04:49,839 Speaker 3: to be eating, and like a zookeeper will have to 76 00:04:49,839 --> 00:04:52,080 Speaker 3: come and pull it out of its mouth. And pelicans, 77 00:04:52,120 --> 00:04:54,919 Speaker 3: of course do not chew their food. They swallow it. 78 00:04:55,920 --> 00:04:59,520 Speaker 3: And I guess I never thought of what happens, Okay, 79 00:04:59,520 --> 00:05:03,480 Speaker 3: specific I never thought of how long it takes, maybe 80 00:05:03,520 --> 00:05:05,640 Speaker 3: for a fish or an eel or some other food 81 00:05:05,720 --> 00:05:09,080 Speaker 3: to finally die when it's inside of a creature. But 82 00:05:09,200 --> 00:05:12,240 Speaker 3: in this case, I guess they just got extremely fortunate 83 00:05:12,320 --> 00:05:15,480 Speaker 3: that they were able to get an X ray of 84 00:05:15,520 --> 00:05:17,720 Speaker 3: this process, right, Like, that's how they found out this 85 00:05:17,880 --> 00:05:19,760 Speaker 3: was going on, is they were able to see it 86 00:05:20,200 --> 00:05:23,440 Speaker 3: from the inside and watch this thing worm its way 87 00:05:23,520 --> 00:05:27,760 Speaker 3: out of the body of the fish that had eaten it. 88 00:05:28,360 --> 00:05:30,279 Speaker 2: Yeah, this is like, this is a study. 89 00:05:30,440 --> 00:05:33,800 Speaker 1: So they were able to X ray and observe what 90 00:05:34,040 --> 00:05:38,919 Speaker 1: happens when these eels are ingested by fish because of 91 00:05:38,960 --> 00:05:43,080 Speaker 1: these observations that sometimes these eels can escape. So let's 92 00:05:43,080 --> 00:05:46,880 Speaker 1: talk first about the eels. These are young Japanese eels. 93 00:05:46,920 --> 00:05:51,240 Speaker 1: They're juveniles. They are eels are delicious treats for both 94 00:05:51,279 --> 00:05:53,479 Speaker 1: people and animals, so a lot of things like to 95 00:05:53,480 --> 00:05:58,440 Speaker 1: eat them. And also when they are small, they are 96 00:05:58,839 --> 00:06:02,280 Speaker 1: very edible. They're like tiny little noodles. They do eventually 97 00:06:02,320 --> 00:06:05,239 Speaker 1: grow to be about fourteen inches, which is around thirty 98 00:06:05,279 --> 00:06:08,039 Speaker 1: five centimeters, or if they're female, they can grow up 99 00:06:08,080 --> 00:06:11,560 Speaker 1: to twenty four inches or sixty centimeters. But they go 100 00:06:11,640 --> 00:06:15,880 Speaker 1: through a life cycle where when they are young they're 101 00:06:16,000 --> 00:06:19,200 Speaker 1: quite small, you know, like maybe like thinner than a pencil, 102 00:06:19,279 --> 00:06:23,440 Speaker 1: maybe about as long as you're pinky. So they are 103 00:06:23,800 --> 00:06:27,720 Speaker 1: often eaten by fish, but once they're in the fish, 104 00:06:27,800 --> 00:06:31,159 Speaker 1: they do not give up. So researchers like you mentioned, 105 00:06:31,160 --> 00:06:33,279 Speaker 1: they use these X rays to see what was happening 106 00:06:34,120 --> 00:06:38,000 Speaker 1: inside of these fish, and apparently these eels like swim 107 00:06:38,040 --> 00:06:41,440 Speaker 1: around in circles inside like this kind of frantic swimming, 108 00:06:41,920 --> 00:06:44,520 Speaker 1: but it's not just panicking. It is kind of like 109 00:06:44,640 --> 00:06:46,919 Speaker 1: that they are looking for an exit. 110 00:06:47,560 --> 00:06:48,320 Speaker 2: And then what. 111 00:06:48,320 --> 00:06:52,280 Speaker 1: They usually do is they go up the esophagus and 112 00:06:52,560 --> 00:06:54,960 Speaker 1: out one of the gill slits backwards. 113 00:06:55,480 --> 00:06:57,839 Speaker 2: And one of the reasons they often go out backwards 114 00:06:57,880 --> 00:06:58,120 Speaker 2: is the. 115 00:06:58,080 --> 00:07:01,320 Speaker 1: Fish will actually eat the eel head first and kind 116 00:07:01,360 --> 00:07:04,919 Speaker 1: of slurp it up, so then the eel to orient 117 00:07:05,000 --> 00:07:09,640 Speaker 1: itself to come back out, it'll kind of go backwards. 118 00:07:11,600 --> 00:07:15,160 Speaker 3: And here I guess we should address the elephant and 119 00:07:15,240 --> 00:07:19,480 Speaker 3: the room. We are both well aware that there is 120 00:07:19,520 --> 00:07:23,480 Speaker 3: a common sexual fetish around fantasies of being eaten a 121 00:07:23,480 --> 00:07:29,040 Speaker 3: whole called vorophelia or just var in the community. If 122 00:07:29,080 --> 00:07:32,760 Speaker 3: you find any of this discussion arousing, we are not 123 00:07:33,000 --> 00:07:36,520 Speaker 3: judging you, But you don't need to tell us that, 124 00:07:36,960 --> 00:07:40,680 Speaker 3: right like, you can keep that to yourself because you 125 00:07:40,800 --> 00:07:43,160 Speaker 3: know some people will be disgusted by these stories we're 126 00:07:43,160 --> 00:07:47,320 Speaker 3: going to tell. Some people will feel different things. You 127 00:07:47,360 --> 00:07:49,080 Speaker 3: don't need to go on the internet and let us 128 00:07:49,120 --> 00:07:52,360 Speaker 3: know what you're feeling. It's fine, just keep that private. 129 00:07:52,600 --> 00:07:55,080 Speaker 1: I don't want to harsh shermellow, but I do want 130 00:07:55,120 --> 00:07:58,800 Speaker 1: to emphasize that the eels in this situation are definitely 131 00:07:58,800 --> 00:08:03,120 Speaker 1: not having a good time. They're not getting horny by 132 00:08:03,160 --> 00:08:07,280 Speaker 1: being kind of like burned by stomach acid and they're 133 00:08:07,320 --> 00:08:08,920 Speaker 1: not They're not happy about it. 134 00:08:10,040 --> 00:08:12,560 Speaker 2: So they are and it's kind. 135 00:08:12,360 --> 00:08:16,080 Speaker 1: Of horrifying to see, like when you think about it, 136 00:08:16,200 --> 00:08:20,360 Speaker 1: right and again, like you know, like you do you 137 00:08:20,640 --> 00:08:23,240 Speaker 1: in your own head, there's nothing wrong with that, but in. 138 00:08:23,120 --> 00:08:26,040 Speaker 2: Real life, like this feels like it would be. 139 00:08:26,040 --> 00:08:31,320 Speaker 1: So horrifying because you are It's not like they're in 140 00:08:31,360 --> 00:08:36,040 Speaker 1: the stuff. Like the idea of being eaten, right, it's like, okay, 141 00:08:36,040 --> 00:08:38,280 Speaker 1: well you just get killed as you get eaten, you 142 00:08:38,320 --> 00:08:40,520 Speaker 1: get chewed up in the little pieces. But no, in 143 00:08:40,559 --> 00:08:44,040 Speaker 1: this case, it's like you are being like you're being 144 00:08:44,120 --> 00:08:49,079 Speaker 1: burned to death by acid, which is just not for 145 00:08:49,160 --> 00:08:54,080 Speaker 1: me personally. Up it's very upsetting, and I do feel 146 00:08:54,679 --> 00:08:58,160 Speaker 1: very bad for these these eels. And it's interesting because 147 00:08:58,200 --> 00:09:00,360 Speaker 1: when you first look at this video, kind of feel 148 00:09:01,160 --> 00:09:03,160 Speaker 1: sympathy for the fish because it looks like it's some 149 00:09:03,240 --> 00:09:05,760 Speaker 1: kind of parasite like wiggling out of it. But no, 150 00:09:05,880 --> 00:09:08,320 Speaker 1: this was a thing that it tried to eat and 151 00:09:08,360 --> 00:09:11,679 Speaker 1: now is like wiggling backwards out of the gill slet 152 00:09:11,720 --> 00:09:17,040 Speaker 1: you know that, like saying that, note ginger rogers did 153 00:09:17,080 --> 00:09:20,560 Speaker 1: everything like fred Astaed did, but backwards in and heels. Well, 154 00:09:20,559 --> 00:09:23,480 Speaker 1: this eel does it backwards and in a fish. So 155 00:09:23,880 --> 00:09:25,280 Speaker 1: I think that's mighty impressive. 156 00:09:27,120 --> 00:09:29,280 Speaker 3: But I think the question that's immediately going to come 157 00:09:29,360 --> 00:09:32,120 Speaker 3: up in the listener's minds, and the question I just 158 00:09:32,160 --> 00:09:35,560 Speaker 3: asked myself now, it's like, well, how because this is 159 00:09:35,640 --> 00:09:38,960 Speaker 3: a common form of eating, like swallowing without chewing. Not 160 00:09:39,080 --> 00:09:43,240 Speaker 3: every animal chews their food before swallowing, of course, but 161 00:09:43,440 --> 00:09:46,120 Speaker 3: it's like, well, why then doesn't this happen all the time? 162 00:09:46,160 --> 00:09:49,560 Speaker 3: Why don't Why aren't pelicans constantly getting damaged from the 163 00:09:49,640 --> 00:09:52,959 Speaker 3: inside by a thrashing fish, Because even if they are 164 00:09:53,120 --> 00:09:57,760 Speaker 3: drowned or burned or whatever, it doesn't happen instantly, it 165 00:09:57,800 --> 00:10:00,199 Speaker 3: doesn't happen within it. In some cases, like a it 166 00:10:00,360 --> 00:10:04,160 Speaker 3: can be hours later. So it's like, why would it 167 00:10:04,200 --> 00:10:07,000 Speaker 3: seems like that would be such an evolutionary disadvantage to 168 00:10:07,080 --> 00:10:11,120 Speaker 3: swallow your food alive, not just whole, but alive, because 169 00:10:11,160 --> 00:10:13,520 Speaker 3: it is a fairly common way to eat. 170 00:10:14,240 --> 00:10:17,199 Speaker 1: Yeah, so there's different strategies that animals come up with 171 00:10:17,320 --> 00:10:21,360 Speaker 1: for eating. So one thing is when you do swallow 172 00:10:21,400 --> 00:10:27,280 Speaker 1: things whole, you're able to very quickly ingest something without 173 00:10:27,320 --> 00:10:32,000 Speaker 1: taking the time to chewing takes time. Some other fish 174 00:10:32,040 --> 00:10:35,440 Speaker 1: can come up and steal your food from you. If 175 00:10:35,480 --> 00:10:39,000 Speaker 1: you swallow something really quickly and you swallow it whole, 176 00:10:39,960 --> 00:10:43,000 Speaker 1: you are maximizing. 177 00:10:42,480 --> 00:10:44,280 Speaker 2: The speed at which you eat. 178 00:10:44,040 --> 00:10:48,760 Speaker 1: Something, and you're also minimizing the chance that that will 179 00:10:48,800 --> 00:10:53,079 Speaker 1: get away when it's outside of your stomach, right, and 180 00:10:53,360 --> 00:10:57,319 Speaker 1: it is in the case for these fish, Like it 181 00:10:57,360 --> 00:11:00,040 Speaker 1: only takes about three and a half minutes for the 182 00:11:00,200 --> 00:11:03,520 Speaker 1: eels to die inside of the fish, so the stomach 183 00:11:03,559 --> 00:11:06,840 Speaker 1: acid actually works pretty quickly, and so a lot of 184 00:11:06,840 --> 00:11:08,880 Speaker 1: these eels are actually not going to make it out, 185 00:11:09,120 --> 00:11:12,319 Speaker 1: so it's a race against the clock to get out. 186 00:11:13,880 --> 00:11:17,640 Speaker 1: And so yeah, I think that you do actually have 187 00:11:17,960 --> 00:11:24,040 Speaker 1: a lot of interesting techniques that some animals, particularly aquatic animals, 188 00:11:24,120 --> 00:11:27,760 Speaker 1: use to prevent this from like the escape from happening. 189 00:11:27,840 --> 00:11:32,120 Speaker 1: One is like sea turtles actually have these backward facing 190 00:11:32,160 --> 00:11:33,520 Speaker 1: they're called denticles. 191 00:11:33,920 --> 00:11:35,400 Speaker 2: They look like spikes. 192 00:11:35,480 --> 00:11:39,560 Speaker 1: They're this sort of hard, fleshy material that is like 193 00:11:39,640 --> 00:11:43,480 Speaker 1: spikes that are pointed backwards in its throat, kind of 194 00:11:43,520 --> 00:11:47,880 Speaker 1: like a sarlac pit or a dune warm. But the 195 00:11:48,000 --> 00:11:50,680 Speaker 1: purpose of that is as it's swallowing fish, the fish 196 00:11:50,760 --> 00:11:53,960 Speaker 1: can go down down there esophagus, but they can't come 197 00:11:54,040 --> 00:11:58,280 Speaker 1: back up because those spikes will prevent them. Penguins also 198 00:11:58,360 --> 00:12:02,400 Speaker 1: have that, and so yeah, I mean it is it's 199 00:12:02,440 --> 00:12:05,600 Speaker 1: a trade off, right because then if you're you think, well, 200 00:12:05,600 --> 00:12:08,760 Speaker 1: why don't why doesn't every animal have these spikes, It's like, well, 201 00:12:09,240 --> 00:12:13,880 Speaker 1: you know, it is it's something that is, uh, you're 202 00:12:13,960 --> 00:12:18,520 Speaker 1: putting resources into having these this part of your anatomy 203 00:12:19,080 --> 00:12:21,960 Speaker 1: andol Like the important thing to remember about evolution is 204 00:12:22,000 --> 00:12:26,240 Speaker 1: it's not creating the most efficient perfect organisms. If you 205 00:12:26,320 --> 00:12:29,720 Speaker 1: survive and you have offspring, like that's good enough. So 206 00:12:29,880 --> 00:12:31,800 Speaker 1: like if you're a fish and you're just eating like 207 00:12:32,160 --> 00:12:34,560 Speaker 1: anything you can that moves and it's going in your 208 00:12:34,600 --> 00:12:37,719 Speaker 1: stomach and most of that like stays in there and 209 00:12:37,840 --> 00:12:41,960 Speaker 1: you digest it, then you're fine. But of course there's 210 00:12:42,160 --> 00:12:46,480 Speaker 1: pressure on animals then to develop strategies to escape the stomach. 211 00:12:46,559 --> 00:12:49,680 Speaker 1: It's just very it's very difficult, right, So a lot 212 00:12:49,760 --> 00:12:52,880 Speaker 1: and it's very risky because you will often just end 213 00:12:52,960 --> 00:12:56,840 Speaker 1: up dead anyways. So a lot of these strategies that 214 00:12:56,920 --> 00:13:01,720 Speaker 1: animals have is to prevent being eaten, whereas like, once 215 00:13:01,760 --> 00:13:04,280 Speaker 1: you're eaten, there are there are some like and we're 216 00:13:04,320 --> 00:13:07,040 Speaker 1: talking about them today, but it's not it's like a 217 00:13:07,160 --> 00:13:10,880 Speaker 1: last ditch strategy. So some animals just don't really spend 218 00:13:10,880 --> 00:13:17,520 Speaker 1: the I guess evolutionary coins, that's not really how it works, 219 00:13:17,520 --> 00:13:21,320 Speaker 1: but like that, they're more geared towards avoiding getting in 220 00:13:21,400 --> 00:13:23,840 Speaker 1: there in that stomach in the first place. 221 00:13:27,360 --> 00:13:29,880 Speaker 3: We don't spend enough time thinking about how the fact 222 00:13:29,920 --> 00:13:33,120 Speaker 3: that for most things that are alive, one of the 223 00:13:33,160 --> 00:13:37,080 Speaker 3: primary features of their life is that they're going to 224 00:13:37,120 --> 00:13:40,720 Speaker 3: be food for something at some point. It's because as humans, 225 00:13:40,760 --> 00:13:44,839 Speaker 3: of course, you know, as humans, the entire planet, in 226 00:13:44,920 --> 00:13:48,400 Speaker 3: its entire ecosystem, exists only to be a buffet for 227 00:13:48,520 --> 00:13:51,520 Speaker 3: us to eat. So we are separated from that process 228 00:13:51,559 --> 00:13:54,640 Speaker 3: of that knowledge of having to the point where we 229 00:13:54,679 --> 00:13:56,600 Speaker 3: think it's weird, where it's like, oh, my gosh, this 230 00:13:57,240 --> 00:14:01,000 Speaker 3: surfer was attacked by a shark. How rude of the 231 00:14:01,080 --> 00:14:04,559 Speaker 3: shark to when we are trying to enjoy our ocean 232 00:14:04,800 --> 00:14:07,959 Speaker 3: that exists for us to have fun in, and this, 233 00:14:07,960 --> 00:14:11,880 Speaker 3: this murderous psychopath of a shark just attacked this man 234 00:14:11,960 --> 00:14:15,920 Speaker 3: for no reason. Like now you stepped into its kitchen. 235 00:14:15,960 --> 00:14:17,880 Speaker 3: It has no idea it would have preferred to have 236 00:14:17,880 --> 00:14:19,760 Speaker 3: eaten a seal, but it kind of thought you wear 237 00:14:19,800 --> 00:14:22,800 Speaker 3: a seal for a moment. And yeah, it's like a 238 00:14:22,880 --> 00:14:24,640 Speaker 3: couple of bites in is like you yucky. 239 00:14:26,560 --> 00:14:28,600 Speaker 2: I don't like it. Yeah, I mean I think that. 240 00:14:28,800 --> 00:14:34,440 Speaker 1: Have you seen the movie Nope? Oh yes, yeah that 241 00:14:34,480 --> 00:14:37,880 Speaker 1: I really like that one really scared me because I think, 242 00:14:38,320 --> 00:14:41,040 Speaker 1: I mean it maybe it wasn't like scary in the 243 00:14:41,080 --> 00:14:44,160 Speaker 1: sense of like the you know, modern sort of jump 244 00:14:44,200 --> 00:14:46,200 Speaker 1: scared type movie. It didn't really have that, but it 245 00:14:46,280 --> 00:14:49,000 Speaker 1: was really like creepy and kind of lingered because that 246 00:14:49,080 --> 00:14:52,600 Speaker 1: whole the whole scene of this you know, spoilers, but 247 00:14:52,640 --> 00:14:57,040 Speaker 1: there's like an alien, weird creature that almost looks like 248 00:14:57,080 --> 00:15:01,520 Speaker 1: a bouncy castle but scary somehow eight a bunch of 249 00:15:01,560 --> 00:15:05,200 Speaker 1: people and they're all like just stuck in there, crammed 250 00:15:05,240 --> 00:15:11,000 Speaker 1: in there, panicking, and that is uh, not not sexy 251 00:15:11,040 --> 00:15:13,760 Speaker 1: at all of me. That actually is very terrifying to me. 252 00:15:13,840 --> 00:15:17,160 Speaker 1: The idea of like you're you know, you're you're a 253 00:15:17,160 --> 00:15:19,400 Speaker 1: whole person, you have a whole life, and then just 254 00:15:19,440 --> 00:15:22,680 Speaker 1: being reduced to like nope, you're just like something's food 255 00:15:22,840 --> 00:15:26,600 Speaker 1: and you're there's just no heed to you going through 256 00:15:26,600 --> 00:15:28,760 Speaker 1: something horrible, right, Uh. 257 00:15:29,160 --> 00:15:30,520 Speaker 2: That that's quite upsetting. 258 00:15:32,080 --> 00:15:34,240 Speaker 3: And this is this is when you realize that the 259 00:15:34,240 --> 00:15:36,480 Speaker 3: one thing when you talk about evolution and all the 260 00:15:36,520 --> 00:15:41,720 Speaker 3: factors that go into it, being merciful toward the food 261 00:15:42,360 --> 00:15:46,160 Speaker 3: is not one of the factors that exist in evolution, 262 00:15:46,560 --> 00:15:49,240 Speaker 3: like being kind or putting something out of its misery. 263 00:15:49,720 --> 00:15:53,640 Speaker 3: The concept of your praise misery is not a factor 264 00:15:53,840 --> 00:15:57,440 Speaker 3: in anywhere in the animal in the animal kingdom. So yeah, 265 00:15:57,520 --> 00:16:00,360 Speaker 3: you'll find examples of creatures. Something will eat one end 266 00:16:00,440 --> 00:16:03,080 Speaker 3: of a beast while the other end is still alive, 267 00:16:03,200 --> 00:16:05,320 Speaker 3: and they don't care. It just means that the meat 268 00:16:05,440 --> 00:16:05,960 Speaker 3: is fresh. 269 00:16:06,040 --> 00:16:08,080 Speaker 1: They don't have a concept of it. I think it's 270 00:16:08,200 --> 00:16:11,080 Speaker 1: really nice that humans have a concept of it. I 271 00:16:11,160 --> 00:16:14,040 Speaker 1: don't think it's wrong of us to think, like, hey, 272 00:16:14,040 --> 00:16:17,280 Speaker 1: maybe we shouldn't make animals suffer before we eat them. 273 00:16:17,320 --> 00:16:21,600 Speaker 1: We should make their lives pretty decent up until you know, 274 00:16:21,840 --> 00:16:22,600 Speaker 1: we do eat them. 275 00:16:22,640 --> 00:16:24,400 Speaker 2: I think that's nice. I like that. 276 00:16:25,320 --> 00:16:28,640 Speaker 1: But yeah, animals definitely don't necessarily have that consideration. Like 277 00:16:28,840 --> 00:16:32,200 Speaker 1: dolphins are often vilified and I'm kind of tired of 278 00:16:32,240 --> 00:16:35,000 Speaker 1: it because you know, it's I think it's like a 279 00:16:35,040 --> 00:16:39,040 Speaker 1: backlash against the Lisa Frank version of dolphins. But they're 280 00:16:39,080 --> 00:16:41,520 Speaker 1: just they're just like any kind of predator, you know. 281 00:16:42,240 --> 00:16:46,560 Speaker 1: But they will smack the dickens out of octopuses, and 282 00:16:46,600 --> 00:16:49,480 Speaker 1: it's not just to be a jerk. They are doing 283 00:16:49,520 --> 00:16:54,360 Speaker 1: that because if they swallow the octopus alive, it can 284 00:16:54,440 --> 00:16:58,000 Speaker 1: choke them to death. So when they smack the dickens 285 00:16:58,000 --> 00:17:01,480 Speaker 1: out of an octopus, it's like us chopping our steak 286 00:17:01,640 --> 00:17:05,000 Speaker 1: up into small pieces so we don't choke. Because if 287 00:17:05,000 --> 00:17:07,040 Speaker 1: the octopus is still alive, it can like use its 288 00:17:07,119 --> 00:17:10,120 Speaker 1: tentacles in its section to like stick onto the dolphin's 289 00:17:10,160 --> 00:17:11,439 Speaker 1: throat and that can kill the dolphin. 290 00:17:14,320 --> 00:17:17,720 Speaker 3: Yeah, And if you want to see these stories as inspirational, 291 00:17:18,880 --> 00:17:22,480 Speaker 3: you know, because yeah, somebody got swallowed and they got 292 00:17:22,520 --> 00:17:25,120 Speaker 3: back out. There's like a metaphor or something. 293 00:17:25,880 --> 00:17:29,239 Speaker 1: Sometimes you get eaten by a fish and then you 294 00:17:29,280 --> 00:17:32,439 Speaker 1: go out of its gill slit, just like in life 295 00:17:32,560 --> 00:17:37,200 Speaker 1: out if you get eaten by a fish, that's metaphorical 296 00:17:37,240 --> 00:17:40,600 Speaker 1: for capitalism. You can crawl out of the gill slit, 297 00:17:40,680 --> 00:17:42,120 Speaker 1: which is metaphorical for. 298 00:17:43,800 --> 00:17:45,560 Speaker 2: I don't know, community. 299 00:17:47,480 --> 00:17:50,880 Speaker 1: Anyways, we'll workshop that and when we get back, we're 300 00:17:50,920 --> 00:17:54,680 Speaker 1: going to talk about another animal that can survive. 301 00:17:54,440 --> 00:17:56,240 Speaker 2: Getting eaten but chooses a. 302 00:17:56,160 --> 00:18:02,280 Speaker 1: Different exit root. So, Jason, here's another animal. It is 303 00:18:03,200 --> 00:18:09,880 Speaker 1: called the Hydrobia peringea oulvay snail which is a big mouth. 304 00:18:09,960 --> 00:18:12,640 Speaker 2: So so we'll just call it h oulvay for. 305 00:18:12,680 --> 00:18:17,439 Speaker 1: Now, or I don't know, poopy butt snails, whatever you prefer. 306 00:18:17,880 --> 00:18:22,320 Speaker 1: These are aquatic snails that can survive being eaten by 307 00:18:22,560 --> 00:18:28,160 Speaker 1: aquatic birds, and they may even benefit by being eaten 308 00:18:28,200 --> 00:18:34,560 Speaker 1: by getting dispersed to new wetland territories. So yeah, so 309 00:18:34,960 --> 00:18:39,800 Speaker 1: let's talk a little bit about this. Aquatic birds often 310 00:18:39,880 --> 00:18:42,800 Speaker 1: have very rapid digestive systems. We kind of talked about 311 00:18:42,840 --> 00:18:50,520 Speaker 1: this earlier. Different animals have different eating and digestive strategies. 312 00:18:50,560 --> 00:18:53,719 Speaker 1: So human beings, we chew our food and there's this 313 00:18:53,800 --> 00:18:56,919 Speaker 1: kind of predigestion that goes on in our mouth and 314 00:18:56,960 --> 00:18:59,639 Speaker 1: as we chew food and then we swallow it. There 315 00:18:59,720 --> 00:19:04,639 Speaker 1: are ungulates that have like different sort of different parts 316 00:19:04,640 --> 00:19:07,760 Speaker 1: of their gut that does some kind of like predigestion 317 00:19:08,000 --> 00:19:09,880 Speaker 1: before it goes into another part of their gut where 318 00:19:09,880 --> 00:19:14,960 Speaker 1: it gets digested more like ruminants, and so they're very 319 00:19:15,040 --> 00:19:17,119 Speaker 1: like There are even some animals where they have stuff 320 00:19:17,119 --> 00:19:21,800 Speaker 1: that are like fermenting inside their goullet that they then 321 00:19:21,880 --> 00:19:24,080 Speaker 1: sort of like predigest before it passes. 322 00:19:23,680 --> 00:19:24,840 Speaker 2: On to the main stomach. 323 00:19:26,280 --> 00:19:31,320 Speaker 1: Ducks are sort of like the speed Eater's Hot Dog 324 00:19:31,440 --> 00:19:37,959 Speaker 1: contest animals, Like they will eat fast, and they digest fast, 325 00:19:38,040 --> 00:19:40,240 Speaker 1: and they poop fast. If you want to know what 326 00:19:40,280 --> 00:19:44,600 Speaker 1: I'm talking about, look at a video of ducks eating peas. Also, 327 00:19:44,760 --> 00:19:47,920 Speaker 1: just to improve your life, Like I like, if you're 328 00:19:47,920 --> 00:19:52,160 Speaker 1: ever feeling stressed or upset or angry or any kind 329 00:19:52,160 --> 00:19:54,600 Speaker 1: of negative emotion, if you look at a video of 330 00:19:54,680 --> 00:19:56,919 Speaker 1: duck eating peas, it just grounds you. 331 00:19:57,359 --> 00:19:58,440 Speaker 2: It's lovely. 332 00:20:00,160 --> 00:20:01,959 Speaker 3: Yeah, especially if they've got a bunch of ducks. It's 333 00:20:02,000 --> 00:20:04,600 Speaker 3: a very frantic and it seems like a kind of 334 00:20:04,600 --> 00:20:09,280 Speaker 3: a joyful process. They're not neat eaters at all. They're not. 335 00:20:09,760 --> 00:20:13,240 Speaker 3: But no, it's hilarious. And I'm sure the people on 336 00:20:13,320 --> 00:20:16,240 Speaker 3: TikTok making these videos they're keeping the ducks's pets, which 337 00:20:16,280 --> 00:20:20,280 Speaker 3: you probably should not do. But no, that's another good 338 00:20:20,359 --> 00:20:24,200 Speaker 3: visual if you've run out of pygmy hippo videos. 339 00:20:24,480 --> 00:20:26,240 Speaker 2: I mean ducks's pets. 340 00:20:26,320 --> 00:20:29,879 Speaker 1: Is it's fine like in terms of the ducks well being, 341 00:20:31,400 --> 00:20:35,399 Speaker 1: because ducks are often domesticated. But for your sake, you 342 00:20:35,520 --> 00:20:37,560 Speaker 1: probably don't want to duck as a pet. 343 00:20:37,600 --> 00:20:38,000 Speaker 2: They will. 344 00:20:38,400 --> 00:20:44,320 Speaker 1: They'll absolutely poop everything and poop everywhere because again, their 345 00:20:44,400 --> 00:20:48,040 Speaker 1: digestion is really really fast, and so they will eat, 346 00:20:48,119 --> 00:20:52,200 Speaker 1: digest it quickly and then poop stuff out. So researchers 347 00:20:52,320 --> 00:20:57,120 Speaker 1: at the Netherlands Institute of Ecology fed ducks live snails 348 00:20:57,119 --> 00:21:00,440 Speaker 1: of a variety of species and found out that one 349 00:21:00,480 --> 00:21:05,719 Speaker 1: particular species, these h Oulvay snails, can survive the ordeal 350 00:21:05,840 --> 00:21:09,840 Speaker 1: intact the entire getting eaten, passing through the digestive system, 351 00:21:09,880 --> 00:21:14,400 Speaker 1: and getting pooped out. So these snails, these h Olvay, 352 00:21:14,880 --> 00:21:19,439 Speaker 1: are small yellowish conical snails which live in marine and 353 00:21:19,520 --> 00:21:24,080 Speaker 1: brackish environments, including salt marshes. They're pretty small, they grow 354 00:21:24,119 --> 00:21:27,360 Speaker 1: to be about five millimeters long, and so they can 355 00:21:27,440 --> 00:21:30,760 Speaker 1: be easily eaten as a snack, but they can also 356 00:21:30,800 --> 00:21:35,159 Speaker 1: be accidentally ingested by herbivorous aquatic birds. So a lot 357 00:21:35,200 --> 00:21:38,040 Speaker 1: of aquatic birds aren't really interested in the snails, but 358 00:21:38,080 --> 00:21:40,880 Speaker 1: they'll eat them up anyways because they're eating algae. They're 359 00:21:40,880 --> 00:21:45,639 Speaker 1: eaten bits of aquatic plants, and if the snails are 360 00:21:45,680 --> 00:21:47,720 Speaker 1: on there, it's going to get in a bird. It's 361 00:21:47,800 --> 00:21:53,000 Speaker 1: like if you've ever owned an aquirement, an aquarium and fish, 362 00:21:53,160 --> 00:21:56,080 Speaker 1: and you buy plants from the pet store. 363 00:21:55,800 --> 00:21:58,760 Speaker 2: Suddenly you also have snails. It just happens. 364 00:22:00,280 --> 00:22:04,119 Speaker 1: So Yeah, in experimental settings, these snails were able to 365 00:22:04,160 --> 00:22:10,080 Speaker 1: cope with duct digestive juices for five hours, which is incredible. 366 00:22:12,680 --> 00:22:15,320 Speaker 3: And I've got to say we kind of joked about 367 00:22:15,359 --> 00:22:21,480 Speaker 3: this being a metaphor, but it kind of works because 368 00:22:21,720 --> 00:22:25,399 Speaker 3: here is a system that is not designed to help you, 369 00:22:25,520 --> 00:22:27,560 Speaker 3: or it's not designed for you to survive. It is 370 00:22:27,600 --> 00:22:31,720 Speaker 3: designed to extract the life out of you to benefit 371 00:22:32,080 --> 00:22:37,120 Speaker 3: somebody else. But you can make it through and get 372 00:22:37,160 --> 00:22:39,480 Speaker 3: pooped out the other end and actually wind up in 373 00:22:39,520 --> 00:22:42,920 Speaker 3: a better place. Yeah, if you can hold onto what 374 00:22:43,119 --> 00:22:46,560 Speaker 3: makes what makes you, you, you can hold onto your 375 00:22:46,680 --> 00:22:50,760 Speaker 3: humanity or your snail your snail hood. Yeah, you can 376 00:22:50,880 --> 00:22:53,760 Speaker 3: survive the process. But you just have to understand the 377 00:22:53,800 --> 00:22:57,040 Speaker 3: process does not love you. It thinks of you as 378 00:22:57,080 --> 00:22:59,000 Speaker 3: it's food. It is trying to feed off of you. 379 00:22:59,080 --> 00:23:02,199 Speaker 3: But you can you play your cards right, You can 380 00:23:02,280 --> 00:23:04,080 Speaker 3: hit your ride you may get pooped out in an 381 00:23:04,119 --> 00:23:06,280 Speaker 3: island that's better than the one you were. 382 00:23:06,160 --> 00:23:07,200 Speaker 2: On, exactly. 383 00:23:07,200 --> 00:23:10,919 Speaker 1: That's beautiful when life is a duck, be a little 384 00:23:10,960 --> 00:23:15,919 Speaker 1: snail and get pooped out somewhere better. So this is 385 00:23:16,520 --> 00:23:20,439 Speaker 1: perhaps not the most comfortable method of transportation. Many of 386 00:23:20,440 --> 00:23:24,520 Speaker 1: these snails did indeed succumb to death by duck, but 387 00:23:25,119 --> 00:23:28,280 Speaker 1: enough of them survived that it seems that these ducks 388 00:23:28,280 --> 00:23:32,800 Speaker 1: are unwittingly aiding the snails and dispersing two different areas. So, like, 389 00:23:32,840 --> 00:23:36,160 Speaker 1: the whole point of this research was not like, Wow, 390 00:23:36,400 --> 00:23:38,520 Speaker 1: look how cool it is that the snail gets pooped 391 00:23:38,520 --> 00:23:41,320 Speaker 1: out alive, although I'm sure that helped them get a 392 00:23:41,359 --> 00:23:43,879 Speaker 1: research grant. A lot of it is about like the 393 00:23:43,880 --> 00:23:46,400 Speaker 1: ecology of like how do these snails get from one 394 00:23:47,000 --> 00:23:50,119 Speaker 1: marsh to another one? Like you know, how are they dispersed? 395 00:23:50,240 --> 00:23:54,400 Speaker 1: And it's especially interesting or I guess relevant and helpful 396 00:23:54,400 --> 00:23:57,520 Speaker 1: when it comes to say like invasive snails. Now, these 397 00:23:57,560 --> 00:24:01,000 Speaker 1: snails are not necessarily invasive in these areas, but you know, 398 00:24:01,040 --> 00:24:04,879 Speaker 1: it's it is it's just very It's wild to me 399 00:24:04,960 --> 00:24:09,159 Speaker 1: that you could have a duck swown around eaten duck stuff, 400 00:24:09,280 --> 00:24:14,679 Speaker 1: like like aquatic plants and then fly off and poop 401 00:24:14,800 --> 00:24:19,040 Speaker 1: and now the snail has an entirely new wetland area 402 00:24:19,240 --> 00:24:22,920 Speaker 1: to colonize. 403 00:24:23,160 --> 00:24:25,000 Speaker 3: Yeah, and well, we don't think about the fact that 404 00:24:25,080 --> 00:24:29,679 Speaker 3: this is why seeds exist and why they're designed the 405 00:24:29,680 --> 00:24:31,639 Speaker 3: way they are. They're designed to be eaten and to 406 00:24:31,720 --> 00:24:35,280 Speaker 3: survive the digestive tract into and to get pooped out elsewhere. 407 00:24:35,320 --> 00:24:38,360 Speaker 3: It's like, well, you're stilling the same thing. It's like, yeah, 408 00:24:38,400 --> 00:24:41,040 Speaker 3: that seed is designed to not get digested. And then 409 00:24:41,440 --> 00:24:46,040 Speaker 3: that's how plants, you know, disburse themselves through. Obviously not 410 00:24:46,200 --> 00:24:48,800 Speaker 3: a strategy they thought of because they're just plants. They 411 00:24:48,840 --> 00:24:52,040 Speaker 3: don't know what they're doing. But that's still natural selection. 412 00:24:52,119 --> 00:24:54,320 Speaker 3: It works works very well. 413 00:24:54,480 --> 00:25:00,000 Speaker 1: Yeah, pisely. Yeah, it's it is. It is very interesting 414 00:25:00,240 --> 00:25:02,000 Speaker 1: because I think in this city they were also looking 415 00:25:02,000 --> 00:25:05,159 Speaker 1: at things like seeds and stuff, but the snail part 416 00:25:05,400 --> 00:25:09,080 Speaker 1: was that's the fun stuff, because like just imagining this 417 00:25:09,200 --> 00:25:13,040 Speaker 1: fantastic voyage of this little snail mining its own business 418 00:25:13,640 --> 00:25:18,359 Speaker 1: suddenly gets gobbled up by a duck and goes like, 419 00:25:18,960 --> 00:25:22,800 Speaker 1: I mean, it just must. I don't really think snails 420 00:25:22,840 --> 00:25:26,000 Speaker 1: have that much in terms of a consciousness, but can 421 00:25:26,040 --> 00:25:31,480 Speaker 1: you imagine being gobbled up by an unspeakable, horrific monster 422 00:25:33,200 --> 00:25:37,080 Speaker 1: and then suddenly like seeing some sunshine and you're now 423 00:25:37,240 --> 00:25:41,000 Speaker 1: in like this new garden of Eden, and you're alive, 424 00:25:41,480 --> 00:25:44,280 Speaker 1: and enough of your buddies are alive that you can 425 00:25:44,520 --> 00:25:48,840 Speaker 1: you know, start a new a whole new seal society. 426 00:25:48,960 --> 00:25:53,439 Speaker 1: That there's a whole new snail society is just you know, 427 00:25:53,840 --> 00:25:56,600 Speaker 1: like I wonder if that'll ever happen to like humans, 428 00:25:56,680 --> 00:25:59,320 Speaker 1: Like we're just gonna get eaten by a big space alien, 429 00:25:59,400 --> 00:26:03,040 Speaker 1: have no idea, idea what kind of like interdimensional travel 430 00:26:03,160 --> 00:26:06,760 Speaker 1: is going on, and then suddenly get pooped out somewhere else. 431 00:26:08,600 --> 00:26:11,280 Speaker 3: Well and without the eating and pooping part. This is 432 00:26:11,320 --> 00:26:14,399 Speaker 3: something that for example, dogs experience all the time. Whenever 433 00:26:14,440 --> 00:26:17,399 Speaker 3: I see somebody taking their dog on a plane, I 434 00:26:17,480 --> 00:26:19,679 Speaker 3: always think, well, the dog doesn't know what's flying, It 435 00:26:19,720 --> 00:26:22,399 Speaker 3: doesn't know what a plane is. It just knows that 436 00:26:22,800 --> 00:26:25,960 Speaker 3: it got taken inside this little room and then when 437 00:26:25,960 --> 00:26:27,600 Speaker 3: it left that room, it's now. 438 00:26:29,520 --> 00:26:30,040 Speaker 2: Or whatever. 439 00:26:30,480 --> 00:26:32,880 Speaker 1: I think about this all the time with my dog 440 00:26:32,920 --> 00:26:35,000 Speaker 1: because we go on the elevator and I'm. 441 00:26:34,960 --> 00:26:37,600 Speaker 2: Just like, how do you how do you conceive of 442 00:26:37,640 --> 00:26:38,360 Speaker 2: this elevator? 443 00:26:38,400 --> 00:26:41,720 Speaker 1: Because we go in this room, it makes a noise, 444 00:26:42,240 --> 00:26:44,679 Speaker 1: and then the door opens again and now we're in 445 00:26:44,880 --> 00:26:48,080 Speaker 1: different room. It must just seem like magic to you. 446 00:26:48,200 --> 00:26:51,360 Speaker 1: I don't know honestly she thinks that much about it, 447 00:26:51,880 --> 00:26:54,760 Speaker 1: but if she does, this just must seem like, well, 448 00:26:54,800 --> 00:26:56,640 Speaker 1: this is you know, you're a wizard. 449 00:26:56,840 --> 00:27:00,119 Speaker 2: I guess this is just wizardry. 450 00:27:00,800 --> 00:27:03,159 Speaker 3: Yeah, because I've when we've had to take our golden 451 00:27:03,160 --> 00:27:06,040 Speaker 3: retriever to a hotel that's dog friendly, I've never seen 452 00:27:06,080 --> 00:27:09,480 Speaker 3: her express like fright or like what what what happened? 453 00:27:09,600 --> 00:27:11,480 Speaker 3: The world went away? It's always just like, all right, 454 00:27:11,560 --> 00:27:11,960 Speaker 3: let's go. 455 00:27:12,560 --> 00:27:18,000 Speaker 1: This is think dogs are just okay knowing that they 456 00:27:18,040 --> 00:27:22,359 Speaker 1: don't know stuff, right, Like they just accept it. They're like, well, 457 00:27:22,680 --> 00:27:24,840 Speaker 1: you know, I don't know what's going on, but that's 458 00:27:24,880 --> 00:27:28,840 Speaker 1: okay as long as as long as they're comfortable and 459 00:27:28,880 --> 00:27:31,080 Speaker 1: as long as they're getting treats. But yeah, I just 460 00:27:31,240 --> 00:27:34,080 Speaker 1: I do wonder about that because it's it seems like 461 00:27:34,119 --> 00:27:37,480 Speaker 1: we took our dog on vacation recently. She hates planes, 462 00:27:37,520 --> 00:27:39,359 Speaker 1: so we avoid that, but we did go on a 463 00:27:39,400 --> 00:27:44,240 Speaker 1: train and she just winds up in this entirely different city, 464 00:27:44,840 --> 00:27:47,680 Speaker 1: like we're by a beach, right, and she's just like. 465 00:27:47,640 --> 00:27:50,440 Speaker 2: All right, I guess we're here now. I don't even 466 00:27:50,680 --> 00:27:53,520 Speaker 2: like how does it's It blows. 467 00:27:53,200 --> 00:27:55,880 Speaker 1: My mind how she conceives of that, or if she's 468 00:27:55,960 --> 00:27:58,159 Speaker 1: just like there is no room in her head to 469 00:27:58,280 --> 00:28:00,000 Speaker 1: even question what's happened. 470 00:28:03,000 --> 00:28:06,280 Speaker 3: Gosh, the idea that life is possible in that state 471 00:28:06,320 --> 00:28:10,359 Speaker 3: of mind where you're not anticipating what's about to happen. 472 00:28:10,800 --> 00:28:14,320 Speaker 3: In many cases, years like going with it because like, 473 00:28:14,760 --> 00:28:17,480 Speaker 3: what what did you expect to see when the plane 474 00:28:17,600 --> 00:28:20,320 Speaker 3: door opened? And the answer is nothing. They were they 475 00:28:20,359 --> 00:28:21,480 Speaker 3: weren't expecting about that. 476 00:28:21,920 --> 00:28:25,640 Speaker 2: Yeah, completely, Yeah, it's like the. 477 00:28:25,600 --> 00:28:30,560 Speaker 1: Loud noise is stopped now, the smells are more more typical, 478 00:28:30,800 --> 00:28:35,320 Speaker 1: So I'm happier. I think that's it. Speaking of dogs, Uh, 479 00:28:35,600 --> 00:28:39,040 Speaker 1: the best part of this study on the snails going 480 00:28:39,080 --> 00:28:42,160 Speaker 1: through the ducks is how the researchers got the mallard 481 00:28:42,400 --> 00:28:45,040 Speaker 1: ducks too in just the snails, since these ducks are 482 00:28:45,080 --> 00:28:48,360 Speaker 1: not typically all that interested in these snails. So the 483 00:28:48,440 --> 00:28:51,400 Speaker 1: researchers the same thing that you do to feed your 484 00:28:51,440 --> 00:28:54,240 Speaker 1: dog or your cat a pill. They just rolled the 485 00:28:54,320 --> 00:28:57,920 Speaker 1: snails up in some bread and fed the ducks that way. 486 00:28:58,080 --> 00:29:00,040 Speaker 2: It's just like, I love. 487 00:28:59,880 --> 00:29:04,080 Speaker 1: It when research is silly, like we're serious researchers. Come on, 488 00:29:04,160 --> 00:29:07,000 Speaker 1: mister duck, you gotta take your snail pill. I'm gonna 489 00:29:07,080 --> 00:29:09,440 Speaker 1: roll it up in a little bit of bread dough 490 00:29:09,960 --> 00:29:10,360 Speaker 1: for you. 491 00:29:11,280 --> 00:29:12,120 Speaker 2: Just incredible. 492 00:29:14,560 --> 00:29:17,640 Speaker 3: There's a wonderful series of TikTok videos where a woman 493 00:29:17,720 --> 00:29:23,560 Speaker 3: is pretending to be Charles Darwin's girlfriend, and the bit 494 00:29:23,760 --> 00:29:27,200 Speaker 3: is that every time they observe like an animal being 495 00:29:27,240 --> 00:29:29,560 Speaker 3: eaten by something else, she like runs it and tries 496 00:29:29,640 --> 00:29:32,640 Speaker 3: to save it. It's like or she's like, well, I 497 00:29:32,640 --> 00:29:36,600 Speaker 3: saw that this this this little wounded this little wounded 498 00:29:37,000 --> 00:29:39,520 Speaker 3: duck was born without wings and without a beak, and 499 00:29:39,560 --> 00:29:42,120 Speaker 3: it can't feed itself. So I've adopted it and I'm 500 00:29:42,160 --> 00:29:46,160 Speaker 3: feeding it, and point out that she's just ruining the 501 00:29:46,160 --> 00:29:48,880 Speaker 3: evolution that he's trying to observe it every stage because 502 00:29:48,920 --> 00:29:50,880 Speaker 3: she couldn't bear I always think about that way and 503 00:29:50,920 --> 00:29:53,320 Speaker 3: think about like animal scientists like this part. You know, 504 00:29:53,360 --> 00:29:56,680 Speaker 3: the study is probably great and fun and you would 505 00:29:56,720 --> 00:29:59,480 Speaker 3: have to develop such an affinity for wildlife, but also 506 00:29:59,600 --> 00:30:01,720 Speaker 3: ninety percent of it has to be just the saddest 507 00:30:01,760 --> 00:30:03,240 Speaker 3: thing you've ever you've ever seen. 508 00:30:03,920 --> 00:30:04,640 Speaker 2: It depends. 509 00:30:04,760 --> 00:30:08,560 Speaker 1: I think like some of it is like literally just like, hey, 510 00:30:08,560 --> 00:30:11,600 Speaker 1: we're gonna feed these ducks some bread and some of 511 00:30:11,640 --> 00:30:14,560 Speaker 1: it's like, well, I've made an emotional attachment to these 512 00:30:14,640 --> 00:30:16,640 Speaker 1: mice and I have to kill them at the end 513 00:30:16,680 --> 00:30:19,720 Speaker 1: of this study. So like, yeah, it can be rough, 514 00:30:20,680 --> 00:30:23,680 Speaker 1: but this is this is a fun one. I enjoy 515 00:30:24,320 --> 00:30:27,120 Speaker 1: feeding the ducks the snail bread, especially given that a 516 00:30:27,120 --> 00:30:29,120 Speaker 1: lot of these snails make it out alive. It's like 517 00:30:29,160 --> 00:30:32,040 Speaker 1: the best of both worlds. You're feeding ducks and you're 518 00:30:32,440 --> 00:30:37,840 Speaker 1: not killing all of the snails at least. So we're 519 00:30:37,920 --> 00:30:40,760 Speaker 1: gonna take a quick break and when we get back out, 520 00:30:40,840 --> 00:30:44,800 Speaker 1: we are gonna find out who makes it. 521 00:30:44,760 --> 00:30:48,320 Speaker 2: Out of a toad the best. 522 00:30:49,360 --> 00:30:52,280 Speaker 1: We are going to talk about a marvelous adventure through 523 00:30:53,040 --> 00:30:57,800 Speaker 1: a toad. And we have a couple of animals. We 524 00:30:57,920 --> 00:31:03,440 Speaker 1: have a beetle and we have a tiny snake. Now, Jason, 525 00:31:03,520 --> 00:31:05,440 Speaker 1: which do you think is going to make it out 526 00:31:05,520 --> 00:31:09,240 Speaker 1: of the toad and or frog better? 527 00:31:10,680 --> 00:31:13,840 Speaker 3: You would think the smaller the creature, the better your chances. Right, 528 00:31:14,360 --> 00:31:17,720 Speaker 3: I'm picturing a snake as I don't. 529 00:31:17,560 --> 00:31:19,840 Speaker 1: Know, to be fair, this is a tiny This is 530 00:31:19,880 --> 00:31:23,360 Speaker 1: a tiny snake. It's thinner than a pencil and it's 531 00:31:23,400 --> 00:31:28,239 Speaker 1: about four to six inches long. So just to just 532 00:31:28,280 --> 00:31:31,480 Speaker 1: to give you, I'm not trying to push you, okay, 533 00:31:31,520 --> 00:31:33,720 Speaker 1: in any direction of who to pick. I'm just giving 534 00:31:33,760 --> 00:31:37,480 Speaker 1: you all the information. And then the beetle is likewise 535 00:31:37,640 --> 00:31:38,240 Speaker 1: very small. 536 00:31:39,880 --> 00:31:42,560 Speaker 3: That's a small snake for me to eat. I think 537 00:31:42,600 --> 00:31:45,120 Speaker 3: that is a very big snake for a toad to 538 00:31:45,160 --> 00:31:46,400 Speaker 3: eat in my opinion. 539 00:31:46,960 --> 00:31:51,880 Speaker 1: Okay, so you're leaning towards like the beetle being better 540 00:31:51,960 --> 00:31:54,680 Speaker 1: at this, Well, you're you are right, this was not 541 00:31:54,880 --> 00:31:57,680 Speaker 1: this is not a trick question. But it does turn 542 00:31:57,720 --> 00:32:00,000 Speaker 1: out that both of them seem to be able to 543 00:32:00,720 --> 00:32:05,400 Speaker 1: make it out of a frog and or toad. So 544 00:32:06,120 --> 00:32:11,600 Speaker 1: let's first talk about the less good, less skillful Hoodini, 545 00:32:11,680 --> 00:32:16,440 Speaker 1: but still quite skillful bra Many blind snakes, so Brominy 546 00:32:16,480 --> 00:32:22,200 Speaker 1: blind snakes look like long, dark gray worms. They really 547 00:32:22,840 --> 00:32:25,480 Speaker 1: do not look like they are snakes. They don't they're 548 00:32:25,680 --> 00:32:28,600 Speaker 1: worm shaped. They don't have like a distinct head you 549 00:32:28,600 --> 00:32:31,040 Speaker 1: know have snakes. It's like they sure their body is 550 00:32:31,080 --> 00:32:34,280 Speaker 1: a tube, but their head is like angular or rounded, 551 00:32:34,360 --> 00:32:36,280 Speaker 1: like you can see where their head is, whereas a 552 00:32:36,320 --> 00:32:41,680 Speaker 1: worm is just kind of one like shape. These these 553 00:32:41,720 --> 00:32:46,080 Speaker 1: blind snakes also do not have a well defined head. 554 00:32:46,160 --> 00:32:49,040 Speaker 1: They do have a head, but you can't even see 555 00:32:49,040 --> 00:32:52,040 Speaker 1: their eyes because they actually have scales that grow over 556 00:32:52,080 --> 00:32:56,000 Speaker 1: their eyes, and they are indeed blind. And they spend 557 00:32:56,280 --> 00:32:59,080 Speaker 1: pretty much their whole lives underground like a worm, so 558 00:32:59,200 --> 00:33:03,680 Speaker 1: they are very easily mistaken for a worm, and they 559 00:33:03,760 --> 00:33:07,240 Speaker 1: spend their time burrowing in dirt in many different environments 560 00:33:07,280 --> 00:33:10,160 Speaker 1: in Asia and Africa. I already mentioned. It's like, you know, 561 00:33:10,200 --> 00:33:12,880 Speaker 1: it's quite small. It's about it's like a finger, but 562 00:33:13,760 --> 00:33:19,640 Speaker 1: a very skinny finger. Like I'd say it's a thinner 563 00:33:19,680 --> 00:33:22,160 Speaker 1: than like a pencil. It's kind of like a you know, 564 00:33:22,240 --> 00:33:25,080 Speaker 1: one of those what are they called pipe cleaners? But 565 00:33:25,320 --> 00:33:26,080 Speaker 1: you know, a snake? 566 00:33:28,320 --> 00:33:32,080 Speaker 3: I okay, this thing's clearly a worm. What makes it 567 00:33:32,120 --> 00:33:35,239 Speaker 3: a snake? What earns you the scientific designation snake? If 568 00:33:35,360 --> 00:33:37,320 Speaker 3: have a skeleton or something, what's the difference? 569 00:33:37,400 --> 00:33:41,160 Speaker 1: It's a vertebrate unlike a worm. It is related to snakes. 570 00:33:42,000 --> 00:33:44,760 Speaker 1: And yeah, it's just it's like it branches off of 571 00:33:44,800 --> 00:33:47,680 Speaker 1: the same evolutionary tree as snakes, so like it shares 572 00:33:47,680 --> 00:33:53,320 Speaker 1: a common ancestor with other snakes, and it is it's 573 00:33:53,320 --> 00:33:56,240 Speaker 1: still got a mouth and a jaw and a skeleton, 574 00:33:56,800 --> 00:34:00,640 Speaker 1: whereas a worm is like a completely different part of 575 00:34:00,680 --> 00:34:06,240 Speaker 1: the evolutionary tree is an invertebrate. It does not have 576 00:34:06,360 --> 00:34:09,279 Speaker 1: like a spine or anything like that. It is it 577 00:34:09,360 --> 00:34:13,160 Speaker 1: is a warm so but they are both very noodle 578 00:34:13,280 --> 00:34:18,320 Speaker 1: like and easy pickens for predators like toads and frogs, 579 00:34:18,360 --> 00:34:23,680 Speaker 1: who are similar in terms of their indiscretion when it 580 00:34:23,719 --> 00:34:27,880 Speaker 1: comes to eating. They are like, these animals are so 581 00:34:28,080 --> 00:34:32,120 Speaker 1: I love them, but their brains are just so like 582 00:34:33,440 --> 00:34:39,239 Speaker 1: geared towards eating whatever they see. You can put an 583 00:34:39,280 --> 00:34:42,480 Speaker 1: iPhone and put like fake flies on the iPhone and 584 00:34:42,520 --> 00:34:45,320 Speaker 1: they will just endlessly like try to eat the flies 585 00:34:45,360 --> 00:34:46,120 Speaker 1: on the iPhone. 586 00:34:46,160 --> 00:34:47,000 Speaker 2: They don't learn. 587 00:34:48,080 --> 00:34:50,520 Speaker 1: They will try to fit anything in their mouth, so 588 00:34:50,560 --> 00:34:55,200 Speaker 1: it's not surprising that they will just eat one of 589 00:34:55,239 --> 00:34:58,960 Speaker 1: these tiny snakes if they can fit it in their mouths. 590 00:35:00,920 --> 00:35:07,480 Speaker 1: But apparently, at least in according to an observation, these 591 00:35:07,880 --> 00:35:12,520 Speaker 1: blind snakes can survive going through a toad's entire digestive system. 592 00:35:12,719 --> 00:35:16,560 Speaker 1: So there has been a single documented observation of the 593 00:35:16,560 --> 00:35:20,960 Speaker 1: Brahminy blind snake emerging out of a toad butt intact 594 00:35:21,239 --> 00:35:25,160 Speaker 1: and alive, although it was a little bit dented where 595 00:35:25,320 --> 00:35:28,560 Speaker 1: the toad's sphincter muscles closed in on it, so it 596 00:35:28,640 --> 00:35:34,600 Speaker 1: wasn't completely like unchanged by the journey. 597 00:35:36,280 --> 00:35:39,880 Speaker 3: Don't look up this photo, m there's no need. If 598 00:35:39,920 --> 00:35:42,560 Speaker 3: you want to look up a visual instead, look up 599 00:35:42,719 --> 00:35:46,120 Speaker 3: a video called Pelican tries to eat capybara. 600 00:35:46,560 --> 00:35:48,080 Speaker 2: Hmmm, that's cute. 601 00:35:47,880 --> 00:35:50,359 Speaker 3: The famous, yes, the best video on the internet because 602 00:35:50,560 --> 00:35:55,000 Speaker 3: they similarly, pelicans don't pay it. They'll just walk around 603 00:35:55,040 --> 00:35:57,280 Speaker 3: just biting things to see if it's food. Like, they 604 00:35:57,320 --> 00:36:00,560 Speaker 3: don't discriminate. So there's a zoo or something closure where 605 00:36:00,600 --> 00:36:02,480 Speaker 3: the pelicans and the capy bears, and you know, any 606 00:36:02,480 --> 00:36:05,040 Speaker 3: place where those capy bears is very chill atmosphere. They're 607 00:36:05,040 --> 00:36:07,480 Speaker 3: all just standing around kind of not doing anything. There's 608 00:36:07,560 --> 00:36:09,879 Speaker 3: like a water running and the pel you're just kind 609 00:36:09,880 --> 00:36:12,959 Speaker 3: of wandering out, wandering around very slowly and just trying 610 00:36:12,960 --> 00:36:15,080 Speaker 3: to bite it. The capy bear is trying to eat it, 611 00:36:15,200 --> 00:36:18,359 Speaker 3: and it tries and capit. Berera doesn't even look at 612 00:36:18,360 --> 00:36:20,880 Speaker 3: it because it's clear this happens all the time, and 613 00:36:20,920 --> 00:36:23,600 Speaker 3: then it eventually gives up like, oh, all right, that's food, 614 00:36:23,680 --> 00:36:25,480 Speaker 3: and then a few minutes later just tries again. 615 00:36:25,719 --> 00:36:29,279 Speaker 1: It's like because it's like the world's chillest animal, the 616 00:36:29,320 --> 00:36:33,880 Speaker 1: capy bera, and the world's like most food oriented, least 617 00:36:33,960 --> 00:36:39,520 Speaker 1: chill animal, the pelican, And it is this pelican desperately 618 00:36:39,680 --> 00:36:43,399 Speaker 1: trying to eat this thing, and the cab beerra just 619 00:36:43,640 --> 00:36:47,319 Speaker 1: doesn't care, is like cool man, like you do you 620 00:36:47,600 --> 00:36:52,160 Speaker 1: as this because it knows it's like an immovable lump 621 00:36:52,320 --> 00:36:55,799 Speaker 1: and it cannot be eaten by this bird. But yeah, 622 00:36:55,840 --> 00:36:59,200 Speaker 1: I mean so the photo that Jason doesn't like is 623 00:36:59,400 --> 00:37:02,160 Speaker 1: a photo of a toad with what looks like a 624 00:37:02,200 --> 00:37:04,520 Speaker 1: worm coming out of its butt. But I have to 625 00:37:04,520 --> 00:37:09,319 Speaker 1: emphasize again this is a snake, not a worm. And 626 00:37:09,560 --> 00:37:13,000 Speaker 1: like there is a helpful diagram with a little arrow 627 00:37:13,040 --> 00:37:16,400 Speaker 1: that points towards part of the snake that got a 628 00:37:16,440 --> 00:37:21,600 Speaker 1: little dented by the toad's cloacal muscles. Yeah, so you 629 00:37:21,640 --> 00:37:28,439 Speaker 1: know it's not very comfortable now. Unfortunately, this snake did 630 00:37:28,560 --> 00:37:33,200 Speaker 1: end up dying seven hours after going on mister Toad's 631 00:37:33,239 --> 00:37:37,680 Speaker 1: wild ride, so I guess it only survived in the 632 00:37:37,840 --> 00:37:42,799 Speaker 1: more technical sense. But this observation shows that it is 633 00:37:43,000 --> 00:37:46,520 Speaker 1: at least possible for these snakes to come out of 634 00:37:46,560 --> 00:37:51,759 Speaker 1: it alive ish, and it is then possible that if 635 00:37:51,920 --> 00:37:56,080 Speaker 1: say the snake is smaller or a little luckier that 636 00:37:56,320 --> 00:37:58,879 Speaker 1: maybe these snakes can make it all the way through 637 00:37:58,880 --> 00:38:02,600 Speaker 1: a toad and be fine. We just don't know how 638 00:38:02,640 --> 00:38:06,000 Speaker 1: often this happens. 639 00:38:05,600 --> 00:38:07,840 Speaker 3: And that does seem to be the two categories of 640 00:38:07,880 --> 00:38:11,200 Speaker 3: example here, whereas this it's like, could be a one 641 00:38:11,239 --> 00:38:15,759 Speaker 3: in a thousand freak accident where I think the other 642 00:38:15,800 --> 00:38:17,360 Speaker 3: one and I could be wrong. But the beetle, I 643 00:38:17,360 --> 00:38:20,160 Speaker 3: think is a case where it more evolved to survive 644 00:38:20,280 --> 00:38:22,439 Speaker 3: this process. And I think the snails too, like they 645 00:38:22,520 --> 00:38:25,400 Speaker 3: that's the case where they have they are built to 646 00:38:25,520 --> 00:38:26,040 Speaker 3: survive it. 647 00:38:26,239 --> 00:38:29,960 Speaker 1: They're actively seeking an escape, whereas I think this snake 648 00:38:30,120 --> 00:38:34,600 Speaker 1: was just kind of maybe trying to get out, but 649 00:38:34,719 --> 00:38:39,680 Speaker 1: also probably very confused. But yes, so this the beetle 650 00:38:39,719 --> 00:38:43,120 Speaker 1: that we're talking about is the Asian water beetle regem 651 00:38:43,320 --> 00:38:48,360 Speaker 1: Barca at Tinuata. This is a small five millimeter big 652 00:38:49,120 --> 00:38:52,320 Speaker 1: black and opalescent dome shape beetle. They're actually quite pretty 653 00:38:52,320 --> 00:38:55,600 Speaker 1: because they have this like sort of obalescence to their shells. 654 00:38:56,600 --> 00:39:00,200 Speaker 1: Researchers found that after being eaten by a frog, the 655 00:39:00,239 --> 00:39:03,920 Speaker 1: beetles can emerge from the frogs but completely intact and 656 00:39:04,000 --> 00:39:09,480 Speaker 1: just scamper off like nothing happened, so the beetle does 657 00:39:09,520 --> 00:39:14,440 Speaker 1: not wait around in the frog for divine intervention like 658 00:39:14,520 --> 00:39:19,640 Speaker 1: Pinocchio and his dad. It is like actively all right, 659 00:39:19,760 --> 00:39:23,040 Speaker 1: like let's go. It swims its way out of the frog. 660 00:39:23,080 --> 00:39:29,080 Speaker 1: But unlike our first animal, the Japanese eel, which made 661 00:39:29,080 --> 00:39:32,640 Speaker 1: its way out of the esophagus and guill slet this 662 00:39:32,719 --> 00:39:35,680 Speaker 1: beetle is like, let's go out the back door. So 663 00:39:36,920 --> 00:39:40,120 Speaker 1: they swim through the rest of the digestive system and 664 00:39:40,280 --> 00:39:44,600 Speaker 1: out of the frog's kloaca, which is the one hole 665 00:39:44,719 --> 00:39:49,560 Speaker 1: that the frog has on its butt. So researchers have 666 00:39:49,680 --> 00:39:52,960 Speaker 1: looked into this and over ninety percent of the beetles 667 00:39:53,000 --> 00:39:58,479 Speaker 1: tested managed to escape the frog through the backflap, and 668 00:39:59,560 --> 00:40:02,640 Speaker 1: it is is thought that this is something that is 669 00:40:03,080 --> 00:40:08,799 Speaker 1: actively happening because it is doing this quickly enough that 670 00:40:09,120 --> 00:40:12,520 Speaker 1: it is not the frog's natural digestion right like it's 671 00:40:12,680 --> 00:40:17,480 Speaker 1: escaping after you know, it's escaping in a number of minutes, 672 00:40:18,360 --> 00:40:22,880 Speaker 1: which is faster than the frog would naturally digest food. 673 00:40:23,080 --> 00:40:26,760 Speaker 1: So it is likely that these beetles are swimming through 674 00:40:26,960 --> 00:40:33,239 Speaker 1: like actively climbing through the frog's digestive system to go 675 00:40:33,320 --> 00:40:38,239 Speaker 1: out of the butt and not not wait around to 676 00:40:38,239 --> 00:40:43,800 Speaker 1: be digested, so they have kind. 677 00:40:43,560 --> 00:40:47,799 Speaker 3: Of it seems like an instinct built in for this situation. 678 00:40:48,800 --> 00:40:51,800 Speaker 3: Because again, I know, we can't comprehend how this works 679 00:40:51,800 --> 00:40:55,400 Speaker 3: in animals, Like what's it like to be motivated to 680 00:40:55,440 --> 00:40:58,520 Speaker 3: do something but without thought? You know, this is just 681 00:40:58,600 --> 00:41:01,200 Speaker 3: what we do in the situation, like cockroach runs away 682 00:41:01,200 --> 00:41:02,760 Speaker 3: from light, that doesn't have a thought. 683 00:41:03,080 --> 00:41:05,360 Speaker 1: It's like a rumba, right, Like it's got a programming 684 00:41:05,440 --> 00:41:07,359 Speaker 1: Like well, when I bonk into a wall, I turn 685 00:41:07,440 --> 00:41:10,759 Speaker 1: around until I don't bonk into it anymore. And that's 686 00:41:10,960 --> 00:41:14,839 Speaker 1: it's like that, but way more sophisticated than a rumba. 687 00:41:16,560 --> 00:41:20,080 Speaker 3: Yeah, So I find that really interesting because I like, 688 00:41:20,360 --> 00:41:25,200 Speaker 3: we keep kind of giving human like tendencies to these 689 00:41:25,200 --> 00:41:27,520 Speaker 3: animals and when we describe it, because you talked earlier 690 00:41:27,560 --> 00:41:31,279 Speaker 3: about how there are turtles and other creatures that have 691 00:41:31,640 --> 00:41:35,960 Speaker 3: spikes that have evolved in their system specifically to keep 692 00:41:36,000 --> 00:41:39,560 Speaker 3: things from coming back out right, And of course you're 693 00:41:39,600 --> 00:41:44,840 Speaker 3: imagining getting swallowed whole and then heroically trying to climb 694 00:41:44,880 --> 00:41:49,319 Speaker 3: out and then realizing that this system expected you to 695 00:41:49,360 --> 00:41:52,680 Speaker 3: do that and has built defenses to keep you from 696 00:41:52,719 --> 00:41:55,480 Speaker 3: doing it. But of course they don't have any they 697 00:41:55,520 --> 00:41:57,680 Speaker 3: don't have any thought. This is just a you know, 698 00:41:57,760 --> 00:42:01,360 Speaker 3: this is a battle between predator and prey and trying 699 00:42:01,360 --> 00:42:03,640 Speaker 3: to one of them, trying to not starve to death. 700 00:42:03,719 --> 00:42:07,160 Speaker 3: But yeah, it's still the most horrifying thing I can 701 00:42:07,160 --> 00:42:07,560 Speaker 3: think of. 702 00:42:07,600 --> 00:42:11,840 Speaker 1: But you know, these beetles make it work, which I 703 00:42:11,880 --> 00:42:14,960 Speaker 1: think is really admirable, and I like how it's just 704 00:42:15,040 --> 00:42:17,880 Speaker 1: it's really all about efficiency and it's not about pride. 705 00:42:18,080 --> 00:42:20,160 Speaker 1: It's okay for them that they're coming out of the 706 00:42:20,160 --> 00:42:22,880 Speaker 1: butt as long as they make it, and you know, 707 00:42:23,120 --> 00:42:24,759 Speaker 1: they do so good for them. 708 00:42:26,680 --> 00:42:29,480 Speaker 3: And we have in the course of this episode referenced 709 00:42:29,760 --> 00:42:34,759 Speaker 3: multiple stories from pop culture and mythology, because this is 710 00:42:34,800 --> 00:42:38,000 Speaker 3: a common story in our culture of a person getting 711 00:42:38,040 --> 00:42:41,200 Speaker 3: swallowed by some sort of a big creature or a 712 00:42:41,239 --> 00:42:44,399 Speaker 3: big fish. Usually the person is a sinner who who 713 00:42:44,440 --> 00:42:47,919 Speaker 3: has gone wavered and they've gotten swallowed by a big 714 00:42:47,960 --> 00:42:50,640 Speaker 3: creature and then while they're in the belly of the creature, 715 00:42:50,680 --> 00:42:54,319 Speaker 3: they realize something about their lives and need to turn 716 00:42:54,400 --> 00:42:58,120 Speaker 3: their lives around, and then they escape. And of course 717 00:42:58,120 --> 00:43:02,560 Speaker 3: talking about Boba Fett escaping from the sarlac. But it's 718 00:43:02,600 --> 00:43:03,200 Speaker 3: interesting that. 719 00:43:04,880 --> 00:43:07,440 Speaker 1: Is that a thing I don't follow star Wars, so 720 00:43:07,960 --> 00:43:10,520 Speaker 1: I know that like in the original movies, he definitely 721 00:43:10,520 --> 00:43:11,399 Speaker 1: seems like he died. 722 00:43:11,440 --> 00:43:13,160 Speaker 2: Did they like say he escaped. 723 00:43:14,200 --> 00:43:16,960 Speaker 3: Yes, there is an entire on Disney Plus there's an 724 00:43:17,120 --> 00:43:20,239 Speaker 3: entire series around Boba Fat in his life after he 725 00:43:20,400 --> 00:43:23,560 Speaker 3: escaped from the Sarlac and turned his life around after 726 00:43:23,640 --> 00:43:27,239 Speaker 3: being But it is important to note that in the 727 00:43:27,280 --> 00:43:30,480 Speaker 3: story of Jonah and Boba Fat and Pinocchio and all 728 00:43:30,520 --> 00:43:34,080 Speaker 3: of the I'm sure every culture probably has these, they 729 00:43:34,160 --> 00:43:35,520 Speaker 3: never escape from the. 730 00:43:35,440 --> 00:43:37,560 Speaker 2: Butt, right that would be too signified. 731 00:43:38,400 --> 00:43:40,600 Speaker 3: Well, okay, we need to discuss this for the rest 732 00:43:40,640 --> 00:43:43,480 Speaker 3: of the episode because it seems like it seems like 733 00:43:43,520 --> 00:43:47,400 Speaker 3: it's very important in the story of the hero who realizes, Okay, 734 00:43:47,520 --> 00:43:50,480 Speaker 3: I have gotten myself here. To get out, I need 735 00:43:50,520 --> 00:43:53,759 Speaker 3: to be something new when I am reborn. They have 736 00:43:53,840 --> 00:43:56,400 Speaker 3: to make the thing vomit them back up onto the 737 00:43:56,400 --> 00:43:59,320 Speaker 3: beach or whatever. Or is Boba Fet I think used 738 00:43:59,480 --> 00:44:02,120 Speaker 3: maybe like a plasma grenade or something and caused the 739 00:44:02,160 --> 00:44:04,680 Speaker 3: Starlac to cough him up. I don't know the exact story. 740 00:44:04,719 --> 00:44:07,279 Speaker 3: I didn't watch it, but it's extremely important that they 741 00:44:07,360 --> 00:44:10,560 Speaker 3: leave out the front door and not the back and 742 00:44:10,600 --> 00:44:13,160 Speaker 3: I would be fascinated to know if somebody out there, please, 743 00:44:13,200 --> 00:44:15,360 Speaker 3: if there's any listeners who know, if there is mythology 744 00:44:15,400 --> 00:44:18,160 Speaker 3: around a heroic person who was swallowed by a giant 745 00:44:18,160 --> 00:44:21,800 Speaker 3: whale or something and their resolution was they got pooped 746 00:44:21,800 --> 00:44:24,120 Speaker 3: out and survived and then turned their life around. 747 00:44:24,320 --> 00:44:26,799 Speaker 1: Right, write to me at Creature Feature Product gmail dot 748 00:44:26,800 --> 00:44:31,320 Speaker 1: com specifically about that and no other eating and pooping 749 00:44:31,360 --> 00:44:32,640 Speaker 1: related things. 750 00:44:33,560 --> 00:44:38,520 Speaker 3: Again, we are talking about mythology, not something you wrote 751 00:44:38,719 --> 00:44:39,759 Speaker 3: on the internet. 752 00:44:40,200 --> 00:44:43,120 Speaker 1: Can't please don't say like, well, one time I saw 753 00:44:43,160 --> 00:44:47,200 Speaker 1: this art of bugs bunny eating Elmer Fudd. 754 00:44:48,880 --> 00:44:50,239 Speaker 2: And then being pregnant. 755 00:44:50,880 --> 00:44:53,839 Speaker 1: I don't want that, but you know if you want that, 756 00:44:54,000 --> 00:44:57,400 Speaker 1: I'm not judging you, just not for me. Well, before 757 00:44:57,400 --> 00:44:59,160 Speaker 1: we go, we do got a play a little game 758 00:44:59,160 --> 00:45:01,560 Speaker 1: I called Mystery and Sound Game. Every week I play 759 00:45:01,600 --> 00:45:04,040 Speaker 1: Mystery Animal Sound and you the listener and you the guests, 760 00:45:04,160 --> 00:45:05,840 Speaker 1: get to guests who is squawking? 761 00:45:05,920 --> 00:45:08,600 Speaker 2: Who is making that sound? It can be any animal. 762 00:45:09,520 --> 00:45:13,520 Speaker 1: The hint for this week's or for last week animals 763 00:45:13,520 --> 00:45:16,400 Speaker 1: sound is is someone's faucet leaking. 764 00:45:16,400 --> 00:45:20,960 Speaker 2: Or is someone horny? That is what we're looking for. 765 00:45:25,680 --> 00:45:32,760 Speaker 1: That that put that kind of like that sound almost 766 00:45:32,800 --> 00:45:36,680 Speaker 1: sounds like someone hitting a wood block or water droplet. 767 00:45:38,200 --> 00:45:41,440 Speaker 3: Yeah, that definitely to my ears sounds like a noise 768 00:45:41,520 --> 00:45:46,719 Speaker 3: that only a beak can make, so I would I'm 769 00:45:46,719 --> 00:45:50,960 Speaker 3: gonna say that is a puffin. The last bird I 770 00:45:50,960 --> 00:45:51,680 Speaker 3: saw a picture of. 771 00:45:52,120 --> 00:45:55,239 Speaker 1: That's a valiant. Guess it's incorrect, but I love I 772 00:45:55,280 --> 00:45:57,840 Speaker 1: love puffins, So I feel like you get bonus points 773 00:45:57,880 --> 00:46:02,560 Speaker 1: just for mentioning puffins. But congratulations to Emily M who 774 00:46:02,680 --> 00:46:06,040 Speaker 1: guessed correctly that this is the like in bush frog 775 00:46:06,200 --> 00:46:10,520 Speaker 1: aka the water droplet frog. It is found in the 776 00:46:10,840 --> 00:46:15,560 Speaker 1: western Ghats in India. It's called alike in bush frog 777 00:46:15,640 --> 00:46:17,960 Speaker 1: because it is camouflaged. 778 00:46:17,320 --> 00:46:23,160 Speaker 2: To look like lichen and so it is. Uh, I 779 00:46:23,280 --> 00:46:23,759 Speaker 2: enjoy it. 780 00:46:24,239 --> 00:46:27,120 Speaker 1: I like looking at these guys because they are very 781 00:46:27,200 --> 00:46:31,560 Speaker 1: sort of I don't know, it's just like the fact 782 00:46:31,560 --> 00:46:35,960 Speaker 1: that they have that like any skin texture is very 783 00:46:36,040 --> 00:46:38,879 Speaker 1: cool to me. And then yeah, that is the call 784 00:46:38,960 --> 00:46:41,200 Speaker 1: that they make that it sounds like this kind of 785 00:46:41,239 --> 00:46:45,239 Speaker 1: water droplet sound, which is very interesting to me. And 786 00:46:45,480 --> 00:46:48,040 Speaker 1: I couldn't really find like why exactly it is other 787 00:46:48,080 --> 00:46:50,280 Speaker 1: than sort of the typical thing of like they want 788 00:46:50,480 --> 00:46:53,960 Speaker 1: their call to be able to be heard over long distances. 789 00:46:55,160 --> 00:46:59,560 Speaker 1: But yeah, it's very cool, little frog. So onto this 790 00:46:59,600 --> 00:47:01,320 Speaker 1: week's mystery animal sound. 791 00:47:01,800 --> 00:47:12,920 Speaker 4: The hint is this, Uh, just just listen to this episode, Jason, 792 00:47:12,960 --> 00:47:13,760 Speaker 4: you got any guesses? 793 00:47:15,239 --> 00:47:17,399 Speaker 3: Oh, I know exactly what it is? 794 00:47:18,200 --> 00:47:18,759 Speaker 2: What is it? 795 00:47:19,000 --> 00:47:21,040 Speaker 3: So I can't. I can't say it. It's going to 796 00:47:21,120 --> 00:47:21,680 Speaker 3: ruin the again. 797 00:47:21,880 --> 00:47:22,920 Speaker 2: It's all right, I'll beat. 798 00:47:22,760 --> 00:47:25,680 Speaker 3: It out, all right. No, I would know the sound 799 00:47:25,719 --> 00:47:27,800 Speaker 3: of some from a mile away. 800 00:47:27,880 --> 00:47:29,000 Speaker 2: That's exactly right. 801 00:47:30,160 --> 00:47:32,560 Speaker 1: Well, if you guys think you know what that is, 802 00:47:32,600 --> 00:47:35,280 Speaker 1: you can write to me at Creature Featurepod at gmail 803 00:47:35,360 --> 00:47:39,680 Speaker 1: dot com. Jason, thank you so much for joining us, 804 00:47:39,719 --> 00:47:42,480 Speaker 1: and tell people where they can buy your new book. 805 00:47:42,719 --> 00:47:46,080 Speaker 1: I'm starting to worry about this black Box of doom personally. 806 00:47:46,120 --> 00:47:50,560 Speaker 3: It's available everywhere in all formats including audio. No, I 807 00:47:50,600 --> 00:47:52,719 Speaker 3: do not read the audiobook. People always ask me that 808 00:47:52,800 --> 00:47:56,000 Speaker 3: they hired a professional. But it's also our hardcover ebook. 809 00:47:56,280 --> 00:47:59,440 Speaker 3: Wherever you buy books except for like, it's not like 810 00:47:59,520 --> 00:48:03,279 Speaker 3: Target or Walmart's I'm not famous. It's it's at bookstores, 811 00:48:03,320 --> 00:48:05,440 Speaker 3: but otherwise Amazon, all the normal places. 812 00:48:06,080 --> 00:48:10,080 Speaker 1: It's at a book store where they sell books. 813 00:48:12,040 --> 00:48:13,840 Speaker 2: Well, that's that's excellent. 814 00:48:13,880 --> 00:48:17,359 Speaker 1: Congrats on your new book, and thank you guys so 815 00:48:17,480 --> 00:48:19,920 Speaker 1: much for listening. If you're enjoying the show, if you 816 00:48:20,040 --> 00:48:22,600 Speaker 1: leave a rating and review, that actually. 817 00:48:22,239 --> 00:48:25,680 Speaker 2: Helps me, Like literally, it's good for me. 818 00:48:26,960 --> 00:48:31,000 Speaker 1: It helps the show in the algorithm, and I feel it, 819 00:48:31,120 --> 00:48:33,600 Speaker 1: and like every time I get like a new rating, 820 00:48:34,200 --> 00:48:36,239 Speaker 1: it's kind of like a power up. My hair grows 821 00:48:36,239 --> 00:48:39,920 Speaker 1: a little longer, my fingernails get a little stronger. Eventually 822 00:48:39,960 --> 00:48:43,320 Speaker 1: I will turn into some kind of like beast creature 823 00:48:43,920 --> 00:48:47,759 Speaker 1: that has like these talents and hair. 824 00:48:49,160 --> 00:48:49,719 Speaker 2: Everywhere. 825 00:48:50,120 --> 00:48:52,640 Speaker 1: But that's a good thing, I think, so keep on 826 00:48:52,760 --> 00:48:55,879 Speaker 1: rating the show. Thank you guys so much for listen. 827 00:48:55,960 --> 00:48:58,719 Speaker 1: Thanks to the space cssics for their super awesome song 828 00:48:58,840 --> 00:49:02,000 Speaker 1: ex So Lumina. Reach Your Features a production of ByHeart Radio. 829 00:49:02,040 --> 00:49:03,520 Speaker 1: For a more podcasts like the one you just heard it, 830 00:49:03,520 --> 00:49:05,759 Speaker 1: listen to iHeartRadio, app Apple podcasts, or hey, I guess 831 00:49:05,760 --> 00:49:08,480 Speaker 1: what wherever you listen to your favorite shows. 832 00:49:08,520 --> 00:49:09,160 Speaker 2: I don't judge you. 833 00:49:09,239 --> 00:49:11,320 Speaker 1: I can't tell you what to do. I'm not your mother, 834 00:49:11,760 --> 00:49:13,800 Speaker 1: but I will give you this advice. 835 00:49:14,160 --> 00:49:16,280 Speaker 2: Uh, don't swallow eels alive. 836 00:49:16,840 --> 00:49:19,560 Speaker 1: You may not enjoy what happens, and if you do, 837 00:49:20,440 --> 00:49:21,600 Speaker 1: it's not in my business. 838 00:49:22,080 --> 00:49:26,080 Speaker 2: See you next Wednesday.