WEBVTT - How Anorexia and Bulimia Work 0:00:01.120 --> 0:00:03.400 Welcome to Stuff you should know, a production of My 0:00:03.600 --> 0:00:12.480 Heart Radios How Stuff Works. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. 0:00:12.520 --> 0:00:15.120 I'm Josh Clark, and there's Charles w Chuck Bryant, there's 0:00:15.200 --> 0:00:19.880 Jerry over there. Um, and it's just nice and pleasant, 0:00:20.400 --> 0:00:25.239 isn't it? Chuck and Jerry? I mean it smells in here? 0:00:25.280 --> 0:00:29.040 Is that what you're referencing? Yeah, gamey, I think, Yeah, 0:00:29.320 --> 0:00:31.520 how about this. We won't say who was in here 0:00:32.720 --> 0:00:37.040 just before us, but it was three men from our office. 0:00:37.159 --> 0:00:40.800 And the room smells a little gamy, a little musky. 0:00:42.320 --> 0:00:45.560 It's warm, and Jerry's headphones are hot, and her chair's 0:00:45.600 --> 0:00:51.480 lot and she's so creeped out, yeah, getting a little sweaty. Yeah. So, um, 0:00:51.479 --> 0:00:53.599 that's the last joke I'm gonna tell for this episode. 0:00:53.640 --> 0:00:55.400 By the way. You know, every time we say that, 0:00:55.440 --> 0:00:58.560 we end up like making jokes. So yeah, let's say it. Yes, 0:00:58.640 --> 0:01:00.440 this is going to be a very serious episode and 0:01:00.480 --> 0:01:03.120 there will be no jokes whatsoever. All right, hopefully we 0:01:03.160 --> 0:01:06.560 can work in a funnier two that is clearly not 0:01:06.640 --> 0:01:09.760 at anyone's expense. Yeah, yeah, I mean, it's gotta be organic, 0:01:09.920 --> 0:01:13.440 it's gotta be good, it's gotta be worth it, I guess, 0:01:13.480 --> 0:01:18.319 is what I'm trying to say, and about each other. Right. So, um, 0:01:18.760 --> 0:01:23.800 we're talking today, Chuck about anorexia and bulimia, known in 0:01:23.920 --> 0:01:26.959 the slang as anna and mia. Did you know that? 0:01:27.080 --> 0:01:31.000 I did not know that. Yeah, And um, they are 0:01:31.080 --> 0:01:35.240 actually very closely related eating disorders, so much so that 0:01:35.400 --> 0:01:37.919 if you went to the big Book of Eating disorders, 0:01:37.959 --> 0:01:41.760 the d s M five, and you said, ds M five, 0:01:41.920 --> 0:01:45.240 tell me what is the difference between anna and mia, 0:01:46.440 --> 0:01:48.680 the d s M five would just kind of shrug me, like, 0:01:48.680 --> 0:01:51.440 I don't know, man, we we are, We're not a sure. 0:01:51.560 --> 0:01:55.240 There are some big differences, but they are clearly connected 0:01:55.320 --> 0:01:58.960 to some underlying degree. Yeah, I mean you know they 0:01:59.040 --> 0:02:07.000 define anorexia as restrictive restrictive as in really restrictive, severely 0:02:07.080 --> 0:02:11.560 limited intake of food. Um, and binging and purging, which 0:02:11.639 --> 0:02:13.400 is if you don't know what that term is, that 0:02:13.480 --> 0:02:18.600 means eating and then vomiting afterward, are using laxatives to 0:02:18.680 --> 0:02:22.840 get that poop going really quickly. Uh. That is also 0:02:23.080 --> 0:02:26.640 under anorexia in the d s M five. But that's 0:02:26.680 --> 0:02:30.600 also binging and purging obviously characteristic of bolimia, which is 0:02:30.880 --> 0:02:35.240 has its own categorytion, so categorization. So it's a little um, 0:02:35.280 --> 0:02:38.120 I guess confusing is the best way to say it, right, right, 0:02:38.160 --> 0:02:39.919 So I looked into a little more and it looks 0:02:39.960 --> 0:02:43.360 like anorexia. Like you were saying, is is the hallmark 0:02:43.400 --> 0:02:46.440 of it is calorie restriction. But apparently some people who 0:02:46.440 --> 0:02:49.160 suffer from anorexia every once in a while binge and purge, 0:02:49.240 --> 0:02:52.680 so it can include that. Okay, yes, but bolimia doesn't 0:02:52.720 --> 0:02:58.600 necessarily involve any sort of even like weight component um, 0:02:58.960 --> 0:03:01.960 and it doesn't ut any kind of calorie restriction. It 0:03:02.040 --> 0:03:05.800 is strictly binging and purging. So you've got these two 0:03:05.800 --> 0:03:08.400 different things, but they're both related in that your relationship 0:03:08.400 --> 0:03:10.520 with food is just not healthy in any way, shape 0:03:10.600 --> 0:03:14.440 or form. And the other thing that really kind of 0:03:14.480 --> 0:03:17.600 ties the two things together is that they're based on 0:03:17.639 --> 0:03:21.320 a disturbed body image where you look in the mirror 0:03:21.560 --> 0:03:25.280 and what you see doesn't reflect reality at all. You 0:03:25.360 --> 0:03:27.760 might see yourself as maybe normal if it's on a 0:03:27.760 --> 0:03:30.560 good day, you probably more often than not see yourself 0:03:30.560 --> 0:03:34.600 as overweight, fat, gross, disgusting, any number of horrible things 0:03:34.639 --> 0:03:37.440 you can say about yourself, where if someone else is 0:03:37.480 --> 0:03:39.720 looking at you, they would be like, Wow, this person 0:03:39.800 --> 0:03:42.880 really needs to eat fast because they're emaciated their skin 0:03:42.960 --> 0:03:46.160 and bones. But the aner and arexia patient or believe me, 0:03:46.200 --> 0:03:48.560 a patient does not see that at all. And so 0:03:48.640 --> 0:03:51.840 that kind of continues the cycle of either calorie restriction 0:03:52.240 --> 0:03:55.040 or binging and purging. But they're they're both after the 0:03:55.080 --> 0:03:58.360 same goal essentially, right and included. And we're going to 0:03:58.440 --> 0:04:01.560 talk a lot about the symptoms and behaviors of people 0:04:01.600 --> 0:04:04.720 that suffer from both of these. But a lot of 0:04:05.200 --> 0:04:09.520 scale work. Weighing yourself a lot sometimes, you know, multiple 0:04:09.560 --> 0:04:13.320 times during a day, obsessing over like you know, half 0:04:13.320 --> 0:04:17.280 pounds I saw, like we're digital scales are really sort 0:04:17.279 --> 0:04:20.479 of a culprit, and you know, obsessing over like a 0:04:20.520 --> 0:04:24.240 tenth of a pound and eighth of a pound, um, 0:04:24.279 --> 0:04:28.640 being really upset over the gaining of any weight, even 0:04:28.680 --> 0:04:31.120 if it's just a half a pound, let's say. Uh. 0:04:31.200 --> 0:04:34.080 And like you said, the language around food and body 0:04:34.120 --> 0:04:38.240 and self image is really important, um, because this can 0:04:38.320 --> 0:04:41.760 often be one of the early indicators or just an 0:04:41.800 --> 0:04:44.520 indicator for friends and family if you listen to how 0:04:44.560 --> 0:04:46.880 people talk, because a lot, you know, most of the 0:04:46.920 --> 0:04:50.000 stuff is done behind closed doors, and one of the 0:04:50.560 --> 0:04:54.200 big components, one of the sad components is is staying 0:04:54.200 --> 0:04:56.320 in a lot and not eating out with people and 0:04:56.640 --> 0:04:58.839 keeping all that very private. So the words are really 0:04:58.880 --> 0:05:01.440 really important here, Yeah, because I mean, if you have 0:05:01.480 --> 0:05:05.919 anorexia and you're engaging in like severe calorie restriction, you 0:05:05.960 --> 0:05:08.240 know that doesn't just stop when you go out with friends. 0:05:08.279 --> 0:05:11.600 It's like it is a part of you. I've seen 0:05:11.640 --> 0:05:15.479 a uh described akin to a relationship, like a very 0:05:15.560 --> 0:05:20.440 intense obsessive relationship where the patient and this disorder are 0:05:20.480 --> 0:05:23.960 super tight. It's like their life, right. So if you're 0:05:23.960 --> 0:05:25.800 out and you're hanging out with friends and trying to 0:05:25.839 --> 0:05:28.120 appear normal, there's all sorts of stuff you have to 0:05:28.200 --> 0:05:30.920 do to make it look like you've eaten, hiding food, 0:05:30.960 --> 0:05:34.279 offering other people food, um, trying to make a big 0:05:34.320 --> 0:05:36.400 deal about you know what you did eat, like really 0:05:36.400 --> 0:05:39.960 showing everybody look I ate this. Um. Just just engaging 0:05:39.960 --> 0:05:44.000 in kind of some obvious and bizarre behavior, and that's exhausting. 0:05:44.120 --> 0:05:46.200 So it's kind of like what you said that ultimately 0:05:46.279 --> 0:05:49.720 results in the person just withdrawing from social activities because 0:05:49.720 --> 0:05:52.840 it's not worth like keeping up appearances. Yeah, and as 0:05:52.839 --> 0:05:57.200 far as beliemia goes uh you know, intentionally vomiting after 0:05:57.240 --> 0:06:00.080 a meal. Um. One of the hallmarks is excuse in 0:06:00.080 --> 0:06:03.120 yourself very quickly after a meal. And that's if you 0:06:03.279 --> 0:06:05.800 are over the social component you are actually eating out 0:06:05.800 --> 0:06:09.680 with friends or family. Uh. And then those laxatives taking 0:06:10.040 --> 0:06:14.520 you know, unhealthy doses of laxatives, laxatives to induce diarrhea 0:06:14.560 --> 0:06:18.920 as quickly as possible, um, and some other stuff you know, uh, 0:06:19.080 --> 0:06:22.839 trying to sweat off additional weight. Um. You know, wearing 0:06:22.920 --> 0:06:26.200 like a plastic suit and sitting in a sauna, like 0:06:26.279 --> 0:06:31.039 really extreme measures or just excessive exercise to try and 0:06:31.080 --> 0:06:35.000 get rid of the extra weight. Right. So, so what 0:06:35.080 --> 0:06:38.599 you have then is somebody who is convinced that they're overweight, 0:06:39.200 --> 0:06:42.160 first of all, even when they're not, and secondly, is 0:06:42.200 --> 0:06:46.720 obsessed with the idea of getting rid of that additional weight. Um. 0:06:46.760 --> 0:06:49.719 And they do it by engaging in unhealthy behaviors with food. 0:06:49.760 --> 0:06:51.640 And depending on how they do it, you've got anorexia 0:06:51.760 --> 0:06:55.719 or you have bulimia. And UM. There's some symptoms, some 0:06:55.839 --> 0:06:57.960 of which we kind of just went over, but some 0:06:58.040 --> 0:07:02.360 are are kind of obvious. UM. Some are red flags. UM. 0:07:02.520 --> 0:07:05.240 You know, like if somebody starts to become very thin 0:07:05.839 --> 0:07:08.920 to where you can see their bones. Um, that's a 0:07:08.960 --> 0:07:13.360 big sign that they have anorexia, but they you know, 0:07:13.560 --> 0:07:18.760 you can have anorexia and not ever necessarily become emaciated. UM. 0:07:19.480 --> 0:07:22.320 I think the diagnosis, as far as the American Psychological 0:07:22.360 --> 0:07:25.880 Association is concerned, is if you if a patient comes 0:07:25.920 --> 0:07:28.720 to you and they weigh fifteen percent less than their 0:07:28.760 --> 0:07:32.280 normal weight for their heightened age, you would be able 0:07:32.360 --> 0:07:34.520 to diagnose them with anorexia, or at the very least 0:07:34.520 --> 0:07:36.920 you should start asking them questions about whether or not 0:07:36.960 --> 0:07:40.960 they have anorexia. Yeah, and blieve me, is very complex too, 0:07:41.320 --> 0:07:44.920 because there's not one pattern. It's not it's not always 0:07:44.960 --> 0:07:47.640 just binge and purge every day, although it can mean 0:07:47.680 --> 0:07:52.040 that sometimes if you suffer from bolimia, you will eat um. 0:07:52.200 --> 0:07:54.560 You won't bench, You'll just eat normal meals and then 0:07:54.600 --> 0:08:00.240 purge those. Uh. Sometimes you will restrict eating um, just 0:08:00.400 --> 0:08:03.200 sort of as a rule. But then occasionally you will 0:08:03.240 --> 0:08:06.080 binge and then purge, like eat you know, a huge 0:08:06.200 --> 0:08:09.680 enormous meal, which you know bene eating is a is 0:08:09.720 --> 0:08:13.320 a whole different eating disorder that you know. All of 0:08:13.360 --> 0:08:16.240 these are sort of related and have some overlap, but 0:08:16.800 --> 0:08:19.800 I think for this uh, this show, we're just gonna 0:08:19.920 --> 0:08:24.920 kind of concentrate on anorexia and bolimia, right yeah, yeah, 0:08:24.960 --> 0:08:28.000 benj any disorder. I think it deserves its own thing 0:08:28.040 --> 0:08:30.840 because it's so prevalent and so many people have it 0:08:30.880 --> 0:08:34.320 and don't even realize it, which I suspect has to 0:08:34.360 --> 0:08:38.240 do with the food supply. I think we've been inadvertently, 0:08:38.679 --> 0:08:43.120 um addicted to food. Um have you I told you 0:08:43.160 --> 0:08:46.640 about that that book, The Dorrito Effect, right, yeah, yeah, Well, 0:08:46.679 --> 0:08:48.400 like in the premise of it is that, like, to 0:08:48.559 --> 0:08:51.800 feed this many people, we've had to basically create frankin 0:08:51.920 --> 0:08:54.559 foods and to make them taste good, we've had to 0:08:54.679 --> 0:08:58.599 use these different additives and artificial flavors and colors and 0:08:58.640 --> 0:09:01.920 all this stuff. And the kind of idea behind it 0:09:01.960 --> 0:09:05.920 is that in doing this, we've accidentally created these things 0:09:05.920 --> 0:09:09.160 that are super addictive, and people have become addicted to 0:09:09.200 --> 0:09:11.800 foodis is a very common thing. Whether it was intentional 0:09:11.880 --> 0:09:15.000 or unintentional. At this point, it doesn't really matter. People 0:09:15.040 --> 0:09:18.680 are just addicted to terrible food that's really bad for them. Yeah. 0:09:19.400 --> 0:09:21.800 So as far as the symptoms go, you know, if 0:09:21.840 --> 0:09:24.440 we talked about some of them. Uh, you know, the 0:09:24.480 --> 0:09:26.720 obvious ones that you could as a friend or family 0:09:26.720 --> 0:09:30.120 member maybe notice, as far as the exercise, not eating 0:09:30.120 --> 0:09:33.320 in public and stuff like that, the preoccupation with weight. 0:09:33.960 --> 0:09:37.960 But um physically, you know, you you can lead the 0:09:37.960 --> 0:09:44.000 things like brittle hair, um, difficulty thinking, fainting and passing out. Uh. 0:09:44.040 --> 0:09:47.960 And that's you know, stuff that people might notice in public. Uh. 0:09:48.160 --> 0:09:52.839 Something that they may not see on the inside is anemia, uh, 0:09:53.120 --> 0:09:58.480 chronic fatigue, constipation, um, slowed pulse. Uh. And then I 0:09:58.520 --> 0:10:01.800 hadn't heard of this. The growth of fine hair on 0:10:01.880 --> 0:10:06.240 the body that lanugo that the newborn babies is one 0:10:06.280 --> 0:10:10.360 of the most adorable little things, this little on a baby. Yeah, 0:10:10.440 --> 0:10:13.920 Supposedly there's some waxy substance that covers the baby in 0:10:14.160 --> 0:10:17.840 the womb and prevents them from getting chapped and chafed 0:10:17.920 --> 0:10:22.120 by the amniotic fluid, and that lanugo hair kind of 0:10:22.160 --> 0:10:24.960 grows in like this, this kind of downy fine fur 0:10:25.440 --> 0:10:29.640 that lets that waxy substance stick to the skin. And again, 0:10:30.240 --> 0:10:33.719 if you if you become malnourished, it triggers lenugo to 0:10:33.840 --> 0:10:37.280 grow like later on in life. Yeah, that's a that's 0:10:37.280 --> 0:10:41.200 a big sign. Another one is um a manorrhea, which 0:10:41.240 --> 0:10:45.079 is the absence of um menstruation or menstrual periods. Right, 0:10:45.720 --> 0:10:47.840 And that used to be like even I knew that 0:10:47.840 --> 0:10:50.160 as like a sixth grade boy or something back in 0:10:50.200 --> 0:10:52.880 the eighties, like that was like a huge thing. If 0:10:52.920 --> 0:10:54.600 if a girl didn't have a period, I meant she 0:10:54.760 --> 0:10:58.480 had anorexia. And apparently the d s M five, the 0:10:58.559 --> 0:11:00.520 latest version, said now we're going to take that up 0:11:00.559 --> 0:11:03.080 because it's not the case without everybody like, yes, it 0:11:03.120 --> 0:11:06.200 definitely can lead to that. And if you have a manorrhea, 0:11:06.280 --> 0:11:10.800 there's a possibility it's from anorexia. But if you have anorexia, 0:11:10.800 --> 0:11:14.280 it doesn't mean you're going to um stop having your period. Yeah, 0:11:14.360 --> 0:11:17.960 absolutely um. And you know, I wonder how many like 0:11:18.000 --> 0:11:20.160 fourteen year old girls listening to this we just lost 0:11:20.200 --> 0:11:25.160 because I said period twice. Hopefully there hanging there is 0:11:25.960 --> 0:11:29.040 exactly who should be listening to the show. And if 0:11:29.040 --> 0:11:33.319 we're talking about girls and women more, uh, and we'll 0:11:33.320 --> 0:11:35.760 get to the stats. They suffer from anorexi and believe 0:11:35.760 --> 0:11:38.040 me in more than men do. But that is not 0:11:38.080 --> 0:11:40.000 to say that men don't suffer from it, and they 0:11:40.040 --> 0:11:43.319 absolutely do. Um. I mean I might as well go 0:11:43.360 --> 0:11:45.200 with a few of these. Have some other statistics. I 0:11:45.240 --> 0:11:49.120 found at least thirty million people of all ages and 0:11:49.160 --> 0:11:52.480 genders suffer from eating disorder in the United States. And 0:11:52.520 --> 0:11:56.240 that's all eating disorders. Every sixty two minutes, at least 0:11:56.240 --> 0:12:00.160 one person dies as a direct result from an eating disord. 0:12:01.160 --> 0:12:04.360 Um the A few of these are just so sad. 0:12:04.679 --> 0:12:08.720 Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental 0:12:08.760 --> 0:12:13.560 illness period. Thirteen percent of women over the age of 0:12:13.600 --> 0:12:18.839 fifty engage in eating disorder behaviors. I saw three and 0:12:18.880 --> 0:12:22.200 a half percent can have UM like or have a 0:12:22.240 --> 0:12:25.600 diagnosable eating disorder three and a half over the age 0:12:25.600 --> 0:12:29.800 of fifty or forty. And that that midlife eating disorder 0:12:29.840 --> 0:12:33.000 thing is like a big and growing problem right now. Yeah, 0:12:33.040 --> 0:12:34.959 I mean, well, you know, we talked about adolescents a 0:12:35.000 --> 0:12:37.679 lot in here, but it's not something restricted to uh 0:12:37.720 --> 0:12:41.280 two young people. Um, this one is super sad as well. 0:12:41.400 --> 0:12:46.200 Six of transgender college students have reported and eating disorder. 0:12:47.320 --> 0:12:49.520 Uh boy, these are so sad to read out loud. 0:12:50.000 --> 0:12:56.079 Um of the risk for either one is genetic. Uh. 0:12:56.120 --> 0:12:57.960 And we'll talk about the genetics of it a little 0:12:58.040 --> 0:13:01.840 later too, And then more and half of bolimia patients 0:13:02.320 --> 0:13:05.720 have comorbid anxiety disorders. Yeah, I saw that too. It 0:13:05.800 --> 0:13:10.720 was like I saw something like fifty of people with 0:13:10.760 --> 0:13:15.480 anorexia have I think anxiety, and like percent or something 0:13:15.520 --> 0:13:21.120 of people with bolimia have have anxiety disorder. Yeah, anxiety disorders, 0:13:21.160 --> 0:13:26.800 mood disorders, substance abuse disorders. It says usually alcohol. It's 0:13:26.840 --> 0:13:30.320 one in ten boliemia patients. So it's just, you know, 0:13:30.360 --> 0:13:32.280 these are the worst kind of statistics to read off, 0:13:32.280 --> 0:13:34.840 but it's important to know that it's it's across the 0:13:34.880 --> 0:13:39.320 gender spectrum, across the age spectrum. Uh. If you think 0:13:39.400 --> 0:13:42.040 that it's just something teenage girls go through, that's just 0:13:42.080 --> 0:13:44.280 not the case. Yeah, and not just teenage girls. For 0:13:44.320 --> 0:13:46.959 a long time, it was a teenage white girl problem. 0:13:47.000 --> 0:13:49.480 And they're starting to realize, like, no, this is it 0:13:49.559 --> 0:13:55.840 was like you were saying, like it it spans ethnicities, genders, nationalities, ages, 0:13:56.200 --> 0:13:58.520 it's it's a much bigger problem than than we used 0:13:58.520 --> 0:14:00.440 to think. And I don't know if it's become a 0:14:00.480 --> 0:14:03.920 bigger problem or if just under awareness and understanding of 0:14:03.960 --> 0:14:06.080 it has grown or something like that. But did you 0:14:06.120 --> 0:14:10.600 mention suicide. I don't think I did, so you were 0:14:10.640 --> 0:14:12.840 saying that this is this is one of the reasons 0:14:12.880 --> 0:14:16.280 we're talking about this um. Anorexia and bolimia are one 0:14:16.280 --> 0:14:20.200 of the maybe the deadliest mental disorder there is as 0:14:20.240 --> 0:14:22.560 far as statistics go, like you were saying, and one 0:14:22.600 --> 0:14:25.320 of the big reasons is because so many people with 0:14:25.360 --> 0:14:28.720 anorexia or blieve me to die by suicide something like 0:14:28.840 --> 0:14:32.000 two hundred times at a two hundred times greater rate 0:14:32.040 --> 0:14:35.160 than the general population. Says here, one in five of 0:14:35.240 --> 0:14:39.200 anorexia deaths is by suicide. And then if it's not 0:14:39.320 --> 0:14:42.240 by suicide, there's a host of other ways that you 0:14:42.280 --> 0:14:45.320 can die from anorexia. You can simply starve to death, 0:14:45.840 --> 0:14:50.200 where your your you um, your heart can stop, your 0:14:50.360 --> 0:14:53.320 organs can shut down, and it's from this lack of 0:14:53.680 --> 0:14:56.600 energy that you're putting into your body. Your your body's 0:14:56.800 --> 0:15:01.760 organs start to um kind of slow down, to metabolize 0:15:01.760 --> 0:15:04.200 more slowly, to kind of conserve what little energy they 0:15:04.240 --> 0:15:07.760 do have, and eventually it just doesn't work any longer. 0:15:07.800 --> 0:15:11.160 Your body stops basically, and you can die just from 0:15:11.200 --> 0:15:14.320 not eating and not because there wasn't any food. There 0:15:14.360 --> 0:15:16.640 was plenty of food and everyone who was around you 0:15:16.640 --> 0:15:19.200 wanted you to eat, you just wouldn't do it because 0:15:19.280 --> 0:15:22.800 you felt fat. Yeah, And I don't even think it's 0:15:22.840 --> 0:15:25.160 a lot of times a matter of if. I mean, 0:15:25.200 --> 0:15:27.440 if you don't get treated and you don't get help 0:15:28.360 --> 0:15:31.760 and it gets bad enough, then you will die from 0:15:31.760 --> 0:15:34.840 oregon failure at some point. Yes, But we have to 0:15:34.880 --> 0:15:37.440 say we don't want to get all like horribly grim, 0:15:37.520 --> 0:15:39.720 because there are studies that are coming out now that 0:15:39.760 --> 0:15:42.600 are saying, actually, we've been studying these people for like 0:15:42.680 --> 0:15:45.760 twenty five years, and we're finding that over the long haul, 0:15:46.320 --> 0:15:50.320 you can cure anorexia for good. It just takes a while. 0:15:50.640 --> 0:15:52.880 And it also, from what I've seen, takes a patient 0:15:52.920 --> 0:15:57.120 who wants to be cured absolutely. Uh. And then one 0:15:57.120 --> 0:15:59.600 more thing here, if we do need to talk about 0:15:59.640 --> 0:16:03.000 puberty and adolescence because it can have really um long 0:16:03.080 --> 0:16:05.880 lasting effects if that's the time of your life where 0:16:05.880 --> 0:16:09.800 this is happening, long term effects on your development, um 0:16:09.840 --> 0:16:12.920 on your growth. Uh. If you I think it says 0:16:12.960 --> 0:16:17.880 if you have anorexia beginning at age ten all the 0:16:17.880 --> 0:16:21.480 way through your twenties, you can have permanent stunted growth. 0:16:21.880 --> 0:16:25.800 You can ever do sex secondary sexual characteristics like um, 0:16:25.840 --> 0:16:29.120 your pubic care, won't grow in your breast won't develop. Uh. 0:16:29.120 --> 0:16:31.840 And maybe a lack of menstruation from the beginning, not 0:16:31.880 --> 0:16:34.640 like the cessation of menstruation, Like you may never get 0:16:34.720 --> 0:16:37.040 your period right and you may be infertile as a 0:16:37.080 --> 0:16:39.800 matter of fact as an adult. That's right. So yeah, 0:16:39.880 --> 0:16:44.400 just because of the age that it's the um, the 0:16:44.520 --> 0:16:47.920 age that it sets on, I guess, um, it's such 0:16:47.960 --> 0:16:50.520 an important time for the development your body. It's like 0:16:50.560 --> 0:16:52.560 the last time you should be like time, I'm just 0:16:52.600 --> 0:16:55.240 not gonna eat for a couple of days. Yeah. Um. 0:16:55.400 --> 0:16:57.880 It has some real sweeping effects for sure. Yeah. And 0:16:57.920 --> 0:17:01.600 bulimia too, for for its part, UH is really rough 0:17:01.640 --> 0:17:06.480 on the teeth, um, yellowing, decaying teeth, sensitive teeth, UH, 0:17:06.760 --> 0:17:11.320 swollen sore throat, acid reflux like all the time. Um. 0:17:11.480 --> 0:17:14.360 And then you know electrolyte imbalances being in the bathroom 0:17:14.359 --> 0:17:18.080 a lot because you're you're you're tricking your body essentially 0:17:18.080 --> 0:17:21.119 into thinking is getting some nutrition and then getting rid 0:17:21.160 --> 0:17:24.399 of that food really quickly, and that nutrition really quickly. Uh. 0:17:24.440 --> 0:17:26.879 And that can lead to you know, fainting, fatigue, and 0:17:26.960 --> 0:17:32.000 eventually heart attacks and strokes. Serious stuff. Yeah, it is 0:17:32.040 --> 0:17:34.800 extraordinarily serious stuff, and a lot of people are like, well, 0:17:34.840 --> 0:17:37.960 it's just you know, this is how my daughter, my sister, 0:17:38.200 --> 0:17:40.440 my friend likes to look. She likes to be skinny. 0:17:40.440 --> 0:17:43.679 And this is a really persistent problem with dealing with 0:17:43.720 --> 0:17:46.760 anorex he is that. Um, I've seen it multiple places. 0:17:46.880 --> 0:17:50.240 It's not a lifestyle, it's a mental health disorder, and 0:17:50.280 --> 0:17:54.720 it has to be treated because again, it is, statistically speaking, 0:17:55.040 --> 0:17:58.560 the deadliest mental health disorder there is. Should we take 0:17:58.560 --> 0:18:01.400 a break, Yes, we're gonna take a break, and we're 0:18:01.400 --> 0:18:28.719 gonna come back with a whole list of jokes. That's right, Okay, 0:18:28.840 --> 0:18:31.359 Chuck lay us the first joke on us. All right, 0:18:31.600 --> 0:18:35.600 I have no jokes, although I will say, uh, I 0:18:35.600 --> 0:18:39.080 think were it's time for a great sidebar. Um. You know, 0:18:39.200 --> 0:18:42.320 we we got one of those uh home I'm not 0:18:42.359 --> 0:18:44.920 gonna buzz market anyone, but one of those home units 0:18:44.960 --> 0:18:47.440 that you speak to and it tells you the weather 0:18:47.520 --> 0:18:50.040 and stuff, like one of those robots. Yeah, like a 0:18:50.080 --> 0:18:53.840 little robot you put. I've been testing it out with 0:18:53.880 --> 0:18:57.080 my daughter lately, and those robots that talk to you 0:18:57.119 --> 0:19:00.320 can tell jokes. Did you know that? Yes? I did, 0:19:00.640 --> 0:19:02.399 and they some of them are kind of funny, and 0:19:02.560 --> 0:19:05.040 they're all kind of great for four year olds. Well 0:19:05.080 --> 0:19:07.240 what you got, oh, I mean none of I mean 0:19:08.800 --> 0:19:11.840 some Thanksgiving jokes around this time, and they I think 0:19:11.840 --> 0:19:15.040 they try to be topical topical jokes. So there's like 0:19:15.119 --> 0:19:17.840 Christmas and Thanksgiving jokes going on right now. But you're 0:19:17.880 --> 0:19:19.720 not going to tell us one of the I'm trying 0:19:19.720 --> 0:19:21.920 to remember some of them. I mean, trust me, they're 0:19:22.000 --> 0:19:23.960 they're not great jokes for adults, but four year olds 0:19:23.960 --> 0:19:27.719 eat it up. It's they're probably like deeply copyrighted too. 0:19:28.440 --> 0:19:30.760 Maybe I don't know if you can copyright these kind 0:19:30.760 --> 0:19:33.240 of dumb jokes. Thanksgiving joke, you're kidding me. It's like 0:19:33.280 --> 0:19:36.639 what our country has founded on, all right, but writing Thanksgiving. 0:19:37.040 --> 0:19:38.760 So that that's been going on at our house is 0:19:38.800 --> 0:19:41.720 a lot of joke telling. And they can make Bourbon 0:19:41.800 --> 0:19:46.199 noises and two noises and it's uh, I'm trying to 0:19:46.240 --> 0:19:48.840 test the limits of how blue they can go. Remember 0:19:48.840 --> 0:19:51.679 that little handheld box we had that would make different 0:19:51.720 --> 0:19:54.960 like fart sounds and sharking sounds. So basically this is 0:19:55.000 --> 0:19:57.200 what this is is a high tech kind of robot 0:19:57.240 --> 0:20:00.560 butler that makes fart sounds. Yeah, it's great. Is it 0:20:00.600 --> 0:20:03.440 on wheels? Now, it's not on wheels, it's it's it 0:20:03.480 --> 0:20:06.240 sits on your nightstand or wherever you want it. I 0:20:06.280 --> 0:20:10.880 got you, so all right, enough, enough fun and games. Yeah, 0:20:11.240 --> 0:20:13.679 we should talk a little bit about the causes of anorexia, 0:20:13.720 --> 0:20:17.440 because this is one of the more confounding. Um well, 0:20:17.480 --> 0:20:19.920 I mean a lot of mental health disorders are confounding 0:20:19.920 --> 0:20:22.200 in this way, actually, but we don't know the cause 0:20:22.240 --> 0:20:26.960 of it. Um. It is probably a lot of causes. Um. 0:20:27.040 --> 0:20:29.840 Some of them may conflict with one another, but it 0:20:29.960 --> 0:20:34.680 is probably a very complex bag and mix of societal pressures, 0:20:34.840 --> 0:20:38.399 which we're gonna talk about your environment, and then genetics 0:20:39.000 --> 0:20:42.320 look like they do play a part. Yeah. They they 0:20:42.359 --> 0:20:44.679 think that it's a this get this man, this is 0:20:44.680 --> 0:20:47.240 what they call a grab bag catch all. That there 0:20:47.359 --> 0:20:52.840 is a bio psycho social mechanism underlying anorexia and bolimia. Yeah, 0:20:53.359 --> 0:20:57.080 it's biological, psychological, and social. And they're probably right. I mean, 0:20:57.119 --> 0:21:00.399 there's probably components of all of them put together there, 0:21:00.480 --> 0:21:03.199 which would explain why it's so hard to understand at 0:21:03.240 --> 0:21:05.639 this point and so hard to treat. It's very tough 0:21:05.680 --> 0:21:07.720 because it's not like you can point to one thing 0:21:08.560 --> 0:21:12.880 and say, correct this part of your life, and uh yeah, 0:21:13.000 --> 0:21:15.720 and it'll be better. It's like it's there's so many prongs. 0:21:15.760 --> 0:21:18.760 It's really really tough. Yeah, absolutely, because let me think 0:21:18.760 --> 0:21:21.639 about it, Like if you have a person who has 0:21:21.840 --> 0:21:24.919 uh anorexia and they want to get better, but the 0:21:24.960 --> 0:21:27.320 reason that they developed anna rixie in the first place 0:21:27.680 --> 0:21:29.600 is because they have a parent who's on them about 0:21:29.600 --> 0:21:32.199 their weight all the time. You have to correct the 0:21:32.240 --> 0:21:36.359 parents behavior in addition to, you know, possibly treating the 0:21:37.119 --> 0:21:40.199 patient in the hospital for malnourishment. Like, it is a 0:21:40.240 --> 0:21:43.639 big complex ball of stuff, but there are there are 0:21:43.680 --> 0:21:46.359 studies that have kind of turned up like little little 0:21:46.359 --> 0:21:48.840 bits here. They're like, oh, here's a here's a little 0:21:49.600 --> 0:21:53.280 a little I don't know, like a hot a matchbox 0:21:53.320 --> 0:21:57.600 car or something. In a pile of rocks means what's 0:21:57.640 --> 0:22:01.920 something you want? Like a diamond in the basically, Okay, 0:22:02.400 --> 0:22:04.240 I haven't you ever found a match box kind of 0:22:04.280 --> 0:22:06.639 pil of rocks. But like, I was really glad that 0:22:06.640 --> 0:22:08.560 I found this. I thought it was just some dumb, 0:22:08.600 --> 0:22:11.800 boring pile of rocks. I've never I had no idea 0:22:11.800 --> 0:22:14.040 where you're going there. Well, but I'm glad, we gotta 0:22:14.080 --> 0:22:19.360 laugh out of this. I was being serious. Oh sorry, um, 0:22:19.400 --> 0:22:21.840 are you talking about the study the twin study, I'm 0:22:21.880 --> 0:22:24.919 talking about all the studies. Okay, Well, they did do 0:22:24.960 --> 0:22:28.560 a twin study, and they found as in studying human twins, 0:22:28.720 --> 0:22:32.480 not two different studies that look alike. But uh, they 0:22:32.520 --> 0:22:34.840 found that if and this is this is sort of 0:22:34.880 --> 0:22:37.920 helps back up evidence of a genetic component. But if 0:22:37.920 --> 0:22:42.720 one twin has anorexia, then they're identical twin, not fraternal 0:22:43.240 --> 0:22:50.120 um um more likely to also have that same disorder. Right, 0:22:50.400 --> 0:22:53.480 But not, like you said, among fraternal twins, because so 0:22:53.600 --> 0:22:55.440 because I mean you'd think, like, you know, you see 0:22:55.960 --> 0:22:58.960 identical twins and and think like what did your mother 0:22:59.040 --> 0:23:02.119 do to you too? How? How could this be allowed 0:23:02.119 --> 0:23:03.800 to go on? But if that's not the case with 0:23:03.840 --> 0:23:08.240 fraternal twins, then that removes that environmental component, strongly suggests 0:23:08.240 --> 0:23:11.199 that it's a genetic component. Yeah, and maybe to some 0:23:11.280 --> 0:23:14.280 degree a social component. I mean not all the time, 0:23:14.320 --> 0:23:18.920 but I would imagine fraternal twins are generally um subjected 0:23:18.960 --> 0:23:23.040