1 00:00:00,120 --> 00:00:01,960 Speaker 1: This Day in History Class is a production of I 2 00:00:02,040 --> 00:00:07,120 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hello everyone, I'm Eves and welcome to This 3 00:00:07,200 --> 00:00:10,479 Speaker 1: Day in History Class, a podcast that proves history is 4 00:00:10,520 --> 00:00:26,000 Speaker 1: made every day. Today is April nineteen. The day was 5 00:00:26,040 --> 00:00:31,600 Speaker 1: April nineteenth, eighteen sixty one, a riot broke out in Baltimore, Maryland, 6 00:00:31,640 --> 00:00:35,960 Speaker 1: between Confederate sympathizers and state militia regiments on their way 7 00:00:35,960 --> 00:00:39,960 Speaker 1: to Washington, d C. To protect the capital. Just a 8 00:00:40,000 --> 00:00:43,000 Speaker 1: week before the Baltimore riot, the Civil War had begun 9 00:00:43,080 --> 00:00:48,479 Speaker 1: when Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter on December eighteen sixty 10 00:00:48,680 --> 00:00:52,000 Speaker 1: South Carolina became the first state to secede from the Union. 11 00:00:52,600 --> 00:00:56,040 Speaker 1: By February of eighteen sixty one, seven southern states had 12 00:00:56,040 --> 00:00:58,880 Speaker 1: succeeded from the Union. The nation was on the verge 13 00:00:58,920 --> 00:01:02,280 Speaker 1: of a civil war. That civil war broke out on 14 00:01:02,320 --> 00:01:06,880 Speaker 1: April twelfth, eighteen sixty one, when Confederate batteries under General P. G. T. 15 00:01:07,040 --> 00:01:11,000 Speaker 1: Beauregard open fire on Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina. 16 00:01:11,319 --> 00:01:15,080 Speaker 1: After Union troops refused to evacuate the fort by the 17 00:01:15,120 --> 00:01:19,360 Speaker 1: next day, US Major Robert Anderson agreed to surrender the fort, 18 00:01:19,720 --> 00:01:23,240 Speaker 1: and on the fourteenth, Anderson and his Union soldiers evacuated 19 00:01:23,319 --> 00:01:28,360 Speaker 1: Fort Sumter. On April fifteen, President Abraham Lincoln issued a 20 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:32,959 Speaker 1: public proclamation calling for seventy five thousand militia volunteers to 21 00:01:33,000 --> 00:01:37,040 Speaker 1: suppress the rebellion. In the proclamation, he said the following, 22 00:01:38,440 --> 00:01:42,160 Speaker 1: I appeal to all loyal citizens to favor, facilitate, and 23 00:01:42,240 --> 00:01:45,720 Speaker 1: aid this effort to maintain the honor, the integrity, and 24 00:01:45,920 --> 00:01:49,720 Speaker 1: the existence of our national Union, and the perpetuity of 25 00:01:49,760 --> 00:01:54,280 Speaker 1: popular government, and to redress wrongs already long enough endured. 26 00:01:56,000 --> 00:02:00,240 Speaker 1: Northern states responded enthusiastically to the call. Within day as 27 00:02:00,360 --> 00:02:04,120 Speaker 1: a regiment of Massachusetts volunteers were on the way to Washington, 28 00:02:04,240 --> 00:02:08,679 Speaker 1: d c. Which was a target for the Confederates. Meanwhile, 29 00:02:08,800 --> 00:02:12,639 Speaker 1: Virginia seceded from the Union on April seventeenth, eighteen sixty one. 30 00:02:14,480 --> 00:02:17,640 Speaker 1: The most efficient way to transport large numbers of Union 31 00:02:17,680 --> 00:02:21,320 Speaker 1: forces was by rail, and the route to Washington passed 32 00:02:21,320 --> 00:02:25,800 Speaker 1: through Baltimore. Maryland was a border state, which were slave 33 00:02:25,880 --> 00:02:28,480 Speaker 1: states that did not secede from the Union or joined 34 00:02:28,520 --> 00:02:32,760 Speaker 1: the Confederacy, and it had both southern and northern influences. 35 00:02:33,200 --> 00:02:36,720 Speaker 1: Many people in Maryland opposed seceeding, but many also believed 36 00:02:36,760 --> 00:02:39,040 Speaker 1: that it was a state's right to choose to secede. 37 00:02:40,080 --> 00:02:43,799 Speaker 1: Baltimore was home to a lot of Southern and secessionist sympathizers. 38 00:02:44,919 --> 00:02:48,160 Speaker 1: Baltimore Mayor George W. Brown wrote a letter to President 39 00:02:48,200 --> 00:02:51,240 Speaker 1: Lincoln saying that people were tired of the passage of 40 00:02:51,280 --> 00:02:54,880 Speaker 1: troops through the city and that quote, it is not 41 00:02:55,000 --> 00:02:58,960 Speaker 1: possible for more soldiers to pass through Baltimore unless they 42 00:02:59,000 --> 00:03:03,200 Speaker 1: fight their way at every step. On April nineteenth, eight 43 00:03:03,480 --> 00:03:08,160 Speaker 1: sixty one, the sixth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia arrived at 44 00:03:08,160 --> 00:03:10,919 Speaker 1: the President Street station in Baltimore, where they had to 45 00:03:11,040 --> 00:03:15,160 Speaker 1: change trains to continue on their journey to Washington. Because 46 00:03:15,280 --> 00:03:20,000 Speaker 1: city laws prohibited locomotives from passing through busy thoroughfares, horses 47 00:03:20,040 --> 00:03:22,880 Speaker 1: had to pull the rail cars across town along Pratt 48 00:03:22,960 --> 00:03:27,760 Speaker 1: Street to Camden Station. As the sixth Massachusetts Militia made 49 00:03:27,800 --> 00:03:32,440 Speaker 1: this transfer, pro Confederate bystanders turned hostile and formed a mob. 50 00:03:33,560 --> 00:03:35,880 Speaker 1: Since the crowd blocked the tracks to keep some of 51 00:03:35,880 --> 00:03:38,800 Speaker 1: the cars from getting to Camden Station, more than two 52 00:03:38,880 --> 00:03:42,640 Speaker 1: hundred of the soldiers had to march there. Soon, riding 53 00:03:42,680 --> 00:03:45,960 Speaker 1: broke out between the local Confederate sympathizers and the troops. 54 00:03:46,520 --> 00:03:49,360 Speaker 1: Rioters threw bricks at the soldiers, and the two sides 55 00:03:49,400 --> 00:03:53,840 Speaker 1: traded gunfire. With the help of Police Marshal George Proctor 56 00:03:53,960 --> 00:03:57,720 Speaker 1: Caine and dozens of police officers, the troops managed to 57 00:03:57,800 --> 00:04:00,760 Speaker 1: make it to Camden Station and board a train into Washington. 58 00:04:02,080 --> 00:04:05,000 Speaker 1: The fighting lasted for less than an hour, but four 59 00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:08,960 Speaker 1: soldiers and twelve civilians were killed in the riot. In 60 00:04:09,000 --> 00:04:11,800 Speaker 1: the weeks after the conflict, Union troops were sent to 61 00:04:11,840 --> 00:04:16,600 Speaker 1: Maryland and martial law was declared in Baltimore. Confederate sympathizers 62 00:04:16,640 --> 00:04:21,000 Speaker 1: and people who opposed the Civil War were arrested. By June, 63 00:04:21,200 --> 00:04:24,000 Speaker 1: a total of eleven states has succeeded from the Union, 64 00:04:24,320 --> 00:04:27,640 Speaker 1: though Maryland was not one of them. The Civil War 65 00:04:27,800 --> 00:04:32,480 Speaker 1: would continue for the next four years. I'm Eve Jeffcote 66 00:04:32,600 --> 00:04:35,200 Speaker 1: and hopefully you know a little more about history today 67 00:04:35,279 --> 00:04:38,640 Speaker 1: than you did yesterday. And if you have any comments 68 00:04:38,640 --> 00:04:40,640 Speaker 1: our suggestions you want to send us, you can do 69 00:04:40,680 --> 00:04:44,720 Speaker 1: so on social media. We're at t d I h 70 00:04:44,800 --> 00:04:48,040 Speaker 1: C Podcast on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. You can also 71 00:04:48,120 --> 00:04:51,360 Speaker 1: send us an email at this Day at I heeart 72 00:04:51,440 --> 00:04:54,279 Speaker 1: media dot com. Thanks again for listening to the show. 73 00:04:54,400 --> 00:05:01,080 Speaker 1: And we'll see you tomorrow. For more podcasts from I 74 00:05:01,120 --> 00:05:03,920 Speaker 1: Heeart Radio, visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or 75 00:05:03,960 --> 00:05:05,560 Speaker 1: wherever you listen to your favorite shows.