1 00:00:01,040 --> 00:00:04,520 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from House Stuff Works 2 00:00:04,519 --> 00:00:13,800 Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh. 3 00:00:13,880 --> 00:00:17,400 Speaker 1: There's Chuck Jerry's over to my right. That would make 4 00:00:17,440 --> 00:00:22,400 Speaker 1: this Stuff you Should Know the most overheated, cramped, smelly, 5 00:00:22,440 --> 00:00:25,480 Speaker 1: sweaty podcast on the market. I thought you can say overrated, 6 00:00:25,880 --> 00:00:28,880 Speaker 1: no overheated, because we were number three today in front 7 00:00:28,920 --> 00:00:32,200 Speaker 1: of Mr Ricky Javas right, and since I don't recognize 8 00:00:32,200 --> 00:00:35,200 Speaker 1: Alvin and the Chipmunks as a podcast, we're technically number two, 9 00:00:35,680 --> 00:00:41,040 Speaker 1: right behind Ira Glass. Oh yeah, big surprise. We love 10 00:00:41,080 --> 00:00:43,400 Speaker 1: Ira Glass. Let's just say that because people are gonna say, 11 00:00:43,400 --> 00:00:45,840 Speaker 1: why don't you like this American life? I know that's 12 00:00:45,880 --> 00:00:48,640 Speaker 1: the that's the problem with having such a substantial library 13 00:00:48,680 --> 00:00:51,480 Speaker 1: of podcast So when we go back, like fifty episodes 14 00:00:52,080 --> 00:00:55,480 Speaker 1: and revisit a joke, only the really hardcore s Y 15 00:00:55,680 --> 00:00:58,560 Speaker 1: s K listeners know what we're talking about. You know. 16 00:00:58,600 --> 00:01:01,080 Speaker 1: The people send an email and they get fifty episodes 17 00:01:01,120 --> 00:01:03,840 Speaker 1: back and they're like, h right, I wish I would 18 00:01:03,880 --> 00:01:07,119 Speaker 1: have held my tongue. Can we get on with this? Yeah, 19 00:01:07,160 --> 00:01:09,640 Speaker 1: let's do it. Chuck did you ever? Were you ever? 20 00:01:09,680 --> 00:01:13,000 Speaker 1: In the he man arguably the most homo erotic action 21 00:01:13,080 --> 00:01:17,240 Speaker 1: figure created that was I was a little old for that. Well, 22 00:01:17,319 --> 00:01:19,920 Speaker 1: it was right in my wheelhouse, as you would say. 23 00:01:20,280 --> 00:01:22,920 Speaker 1: And I had a little toy that I like to 24 00:01:22,959 --> 00:01:25,840 Speaker 1: call Castle Gray School because that's what the manufacturers called it. 25 00:01:26,640 --> 00:01:28,679 Speaker 1: Do you have you seen this? I've heard of it all. 26 00:01:28,800 --> 00:01:31,720 Speaker 1: It was. It was pretty awesome. The cartoon was horrendous. 27 00:01:31,760 --> 00:01:33,800 Speaker 1: Did you watch the cartoon? I was, I was too 28 00:01:33,840 --> 00:01:36,240 Speaker 1: old for that. How many times do you have to 29 00:01:36,280 --> 00:01:38,160 Speaker 1: go over my age? I don't know. Have you ever 30 00:01:38,160 --> 00:01:42,959 Speaker 1: heard of the Base City Rollers? I know them personally. Um. Anyway, 31 00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:44,960 Speaker 1: I had this little toy called Castle Gray School, and 32 00:01:44,959 --> 00:01:47,880 Speaker 1: it was this big plastic castle and it was pretty awesome. 33 00:01:47,920 --> 00:01:54,200 Speaker 1: It had embattlements, it had um tower, had towers, had 34 00:01:54,280 --> 00:01:57,240 Speaker 1: it even had a little overhang hanging off the back 35 00:01:58,120 --> 00:02:02,640 Speaker 1: um and then the the front entrance the tunnel was 36 00:02:02,680 --> 00:02:06,280 Speaker 1: a mouth with fangs coming down. And it was just 37 00:02:06,360 --> 00:02:08,639 Speaker 1: generally one of the cooler toys I own, to tell 38 00:02:08,680 --> 00:02:11,600 Speaker 1: you the truth. And now that I've read how castles work, 39 00:02:12,120 --> 00:02:15,560 Speaker 1: I could where I'd go back in time, stand next 40 00:02:15,600 --> 00:02:18,760 Speaker 1: to my younger self and be like, this is the tower. 41 00:02:19,280 --> 00:02:23,280 Speaker 1: This is Carl called the pork cullis, this is a 42 00:02:23,400 --> 00:02:28,080 Speaker 1: murder hole, and don't start smoking. Yes, that's I would 43 00:02:28,080 --> 00:02:30,600 Speaker 1: say that to young self. Oh my god, if there's 44 00:02:30,639 --> 00:02:33,880 Speaker 1: one thing I could go back and change, well, if 45 00:02:33,919 --> 00:02:35,640 Speaker 1: I had like three or four things I could go 46 00:02:35,639 --> 00:02:38,200 Speaker 1: back and change, smoking would definitely be one of them. Yeah, 47 00:02:38,240 --> 00:02:41,840 Speaker 1: it'd be taller. Uh oh wait, things you can really change. 48 00:02:41,960 --> 00:02:44,960 Speaker 1: I don't. Time travel is no effect on your height. 49 00:02:45,080 --> 00:02:48,160 Speaker 1: I would tell myself to grow taller. Okay, just when 50 00:02:48,160 --> 00:02:53,280 Speaker 1: I still have the chance. Yeah, So let's talk castles, Chuck, okay, Josh. 51 00:02:53,360 --> 00:02:58,040 Speaker 1: The word castle, like everything almost it's Latin, comes from 52 00:02:58,040 --> 00:03:01,440 Speaker 1: the word castell um, which means a fortified place. That's 53 00:03:01,440 --> 00:03:04,880 Speaker 1: exactly what it is, and the French shortened it lazy 54 00:03:04,919 --> 00:03:08,800 Speaker 1: French people that they are from castellum to castle it 55 00:03:08,880 --> 00:03:13,079 Speaker 1: means the same thing. Uh. And castles are actually very 56 00:03:13,080 --> 00:03:16,880 Speaker 1: specific buildings. There's very specific speed features to them that 57 00:03:16,960 --> 00:03:21,080 Speaker 1: make a castle of castle um. They're generally European, although 58 00:03:21,120 --> 00:03:25,160 Speaker 1: there are some castle castles found in like the Middle 59 00:03:25,200 --> 00:03:27,880 Speaker 1: East in Japan, but for the most part they were 60 00:03:27,919 --> 00:03:32,680 Speaker 1: European in origin. In Germany, ten thousand of them in 61 00:03:32,760 --> 00:03:36,280 Speaker 1: Germany alone, and they only actually existed for about five 62 00:03:36,400 --> 00:03:39,080 Speaker 1: hundred years. Are they only underwent construction for about five 63 00:03:39,120 --> 00:03:41,320 Speaker 1: hundred years during the High Middle Ages from the tenth 64 00:03:41,400 --> 00:03:45,360 Speaker 1: to fifteen centuries. Yeah. So let's talk about the history 65 00:03:45,440 --> 00:03:49,560 Speaker 1: of castles, and and not just historic castles, but the 66 00:03:49,600 --> 00:03:53,200 Speaker 1: beginning of castles. Where did they come from? Chuck? Well, Josh, 67 00:03:53,280 --> 00:03:57,160 Speaker 1: they evolved from the ancient walled cities back in like 68 00:03:57,440 --> 00:03:59,760 Speaker 1: Troy and Babylon and Jericho. They would have big walls 69 00:03:59,800 --> 00:04:02,440 Speaker 1: around on their cities for fortification. So it of all 70 00:04:02,520 --> 00:04:06,440 Speaker 1: from that into Uh. The first ones were called a 71 00:04:06,640 --> 00:04:09,680 Speaker 1: grod I believe is how you pronounce that, or a groad, 72 00:04:09,840 --> 00:04:14,320 Speaker 1: and that consisted of basically wooden and earthen walls and 73 00:04:14,360 --> 00:04:16,920 Speaker 1: then a gate with a moat around it. And that 74 00:04:16,960 --> 00:04:19,200 Speaker 1: would become one of the hallmarks of the castle was 75 00:04:19,240 --> 00:04:20,919 Speaker 1: the moat. Yeah, you have to have a moat or 76 00:04:20,960 --> 00:04:24,799 Speaker 1: else it's just not a castle. It depended on the terrain. 77 00:04:24,880 --> 00:04:28,000 Speaker 1: Sometimes if you're on like a rocky peak, you didn't 78 00:04:28,040 --> 00:04:29,960 Speaker 1: have a moat because you couldn't and you didn't need it. 79 00:04:30,279 --> 00:04:33,239 Speaker 1: But most castles are known for having moats. Yeah. That's 80 00:04:33,360 --> 00:04:37,279 Speaker 1: thank you for the correction, Chuck, love to be corrected. Uh, 81 00:04:37,320 --> 00:04:41,640 Speaker 1: There's another kind of castle that um eventually became part 82 00:04:41,720 --> 00:04:45,479 Speaker 1: of the modern and by modern I mean High Middle 83 00:04:45,520 --> 00:04:50,920 Speaker 1: Ages castle called a bird Freed, which you may suspect 84 00:04:50,960 --> 00:04:54,520 Speaker 1: as German, but it's actually based on a Roman design 85 00:04:54,560 --> 00:04:57,720 Speaker 1: that they would use these watch towers along their frontier, 86 00:04:58,200 --> 00:05:02,520 Speaker 1: and those became the towers of later castles. Uh right, Josh. 87 00:05:02,560 --> 00:05:04,599 Speaker 1: I believe that brings us to number three, which was 88 00:05:04,680 --> 00:05:08,080 Speaker 1: the Motte and Bailey castle. And that consisted of a 89 00:05:08,160 --> 00:05:11,279 Speaker 1: mound which is the Mott, and that's within the open 90 00:05:11,320 --> 00:05:14,200 Speaker 1: courtyard which was the bailey, and that, of course, as always, 91 00:05:14,240 --> 00:05:17,440 Speaker 1: is enclosed by a wall and a fortified gate. That's 92 00:05:17,480 --> 00:05:19,560 Speaker 1: the key. Right. So you put all these things together, 93 00:05:20,000 --> 00:05:24,359 Speaker 1: fill them with bloodthirsty knights and pooping horses, and you 94 00:05:24,480 --> 00:05:28,320 Speaker 1: have the castle as we as we recognize and love it, 95 00:05:28,560 --> 00:05:31,600 Speaker 1: the whole property. Yeah. Okay, so Mr smarty pants, you 96 00:05:31,640 --> 00:05:34,080 Speaker 1: don't always have to have a moat, right, but most 97 00:05:34,080 --> 00:05:36,800 Speaker 1: of them did have modes, right, So you had a 98 00:05:36,839 --> 00:05:39,440 Speaker 1: moat which is really just a ditch dug around the 99 00:05:39,440 --> 00:05:42,280 Speaker 1: outer wall of the castle. Yeah. What I love about castles, dude, 100 00:05:42,320 --> 00:05:48,000 Speaker 1: sorry to interrupt, is everything is so rudimentarily genius. He 101 00:05:48,120 --> 00:05:50,400 Speaker 1: sounded like me just now. It was all just genius. 102 00:05:50,400 --> 00:05:51,880 Speaker 1: But it was so basic. They were like, well, we 103 00:05:51,880 --> 00:05:54,039 Speaker 1: don't people get in, so let's take a big ditch 104 00:05:54,040 --> 00:05:56,920 Speaker 1: around it. Well, let's build a big door with a 105 00:05:56,960 --> 00:06:00,520 Speaker 1: big brace behind it. Yeah. Yeah, and if you there 106 00:06:00,560 --> 00:06:04,599 Speaker 1: seems to be a lot of um murderousness during this time. 107 00:06:04,640 --> 00:06:08,159 Speaker 1: It was very violent time. Um, so the most of 108 00:06:08,200 --> 00:06:12,800 Speaker 1: the technology and ingenuity was based towards effectively killing people 109 00:06:12,839 --> 00:06:15,640 Speaker 1: in the most horrific ways you could imagine. Right, So 110 00:06:15,720 --> 00:06:17,840 Speaker 1: the moat that was used to keep people out right, 111 00:06:17,839 --> 00:06:19,640 Speaker 1: and if it were you could fill it with water. 112 00:06:20,279 --> 00:06:23,760 Speaker 1: Everybody filled it with sewage human and otherwise. Right, you 113 00:06:23,800 --> 00:06:25,920 Speaker 1: don't see that in the movie. No you don't, because 114 00:06:25,920 --> 00:06:29,200 Speaker 1: I can you imagine how badly that smelled. Um. And 115 00:06:29,400 --> 00:06:31,599 Speaker 1: if you had you could keep it dry, although again 116 00:06:31,600 --> 00:06:33,960 Speaker 1: you would fill it with sewage anyway, and if you 117 00:06:34,040 --> 00:06:38,640 Speaker 1: kept it dry likely you would um bury sharpened steaks 118 00:06:39,600 --> 00:06:42,039 Speaker 1: coming out at all angles. So you could push people 119 00:06:42,080 --> 00:06:45,159 Speaker 1: into it and be like sinauris sucker, That's what they 120 00:06:45,200 --> 00:06:47,760 Speaker 1: would say in Japan. Yeah, so you got your moat, 121 00:06:47,800 --> 00:06:51,240 Speaker 1: you got your drawbridge, which you know lower the drawbridge 122 00:06:51,240 --> 00:06:53,200 Speaker 1: extends over the moat, you can get in and out 123 00:06:53,200 --> 00:06:55,279 Speaker 1: of the castle, and you've got that. You have the 124 00:06:55,279 --> 00:06:58,760 Speaker 1: outer walls, right, and the outer wall actually, um, all 125 00:06:58,880 --> 00:07:01,840 Speaker 1: castles have outer wall, some have inner walls. We'll get 126 00:07:01,839 --> 00:07:03,520 Speaker 1: to that in a second. But the outer walls are 127 00:07:03,520 --> 00:07:07,120 Speaker 1: actually two walls, right, um. So you have the one 128 00:07:07,120 --> 00:07:09,560 Speaker 1: wall and then a space and then another wall, and 129 00:07:09,600 --> 00:07:12,000 Speaker 1: then in between the two walls you fill with you 130 00:07:12,080 --> 00:07:14,800 Speaker 1: backfill with rubble or stone or gravel or something to 131 00:07:15,000 --> 00:07:18,960 Speaker 1: really make these things just like brick houses right right. 132 00:07:19,040 --> 00:07:21,600 Speaker 1: And then some castles even had an outer outer wall 133 00:07:21,640 --> 00:07:24,200 Speaker 1: called a shield wall, which was even taller, right, so 134 00:07:24,280 --> 00:07:27,920 Speaker 1: people could walk along the inside wall, right and not 135 00:07:28,200 --> 00:07:31,040 Speaker 1: have their head lopped off with the flaming arrow exactly, 136 00:07:31,080 --> 00:07:34,880 Speaker 1: which is true. They yeah, they did. That was a 137 00:07:34,920 --> 00:07:37,600 Speaker 1: lot of things were made of wood, um, especially in 138 00:07:37,600 --> 00:07:41,800 Speaker 1: the early days of castles, and this would would probably 139 00:07:41,800 --> 00:07:45,400 Speaker 1: be pretty well, it's like a big tinder box is 140 00:07:45,440 --> 00:07:48,120 Speaker 1: what you were walking around in, So flaming arrow goes 141 00:07:48,160 --> 00:07:50,960 Speaker 1: a long way. Yeah, it's very effective. Right. There were 142 00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:54,920 Speaker 1: also um overhangs that were initially made of wood that 143 00:07:55,000 --> 00:07:58,000 Speaker 1: I found pretty cool. Remember I mentioned Castle Gray School 144 00:07:58,040 --> 00:08:03,000 Speaker 1: had um a. Generally these things were called hoardings, and 145 00:08:03,160 --> 00:08:06,400 Speaker 1: they would have um arrow loops, which are basically just 146 00:08:06,520 --> 00:08:09,680 Speaker 1: narrow slits so you can shoot through right, and they 147 00:08:09,680 --> 00:08:11,680 Speaker 1: would hang over the front of the castle, so when 148 00:08:11,720 --> 00:08:14,640 Speaker 1: people were storming the front of the castle, um you 149 00:08:14,680 --> 00:08:17,880 Speaker 1: could you could shoot them with arrows the arrow loops. 150 00:08:17,960 --> 00:08:22,080 Speaker 1: But they also had the coolest sounding things of all time, 151 00:08:22,560 --> 00:08:27,200 Speaker 1: murder holes. Murder holes were holes, but you could shoot 152 00:08:27,320 --> 00:08:30,520 Speaker 1: arrows um. So basically, if you're standing on a hoarding, 153 00:08:30,600 --> 00:08:33,199 Speaker 1: there are holes in the floor, so you could shoot arrows. Also, 154 00:08:33,559 --> 00:08:38,800 Speaker 1: you could pour hot oil, hot metals, hot whatever exactly. 155 00:08:39,679 --> 00:08:44,600 Speaker 1: And the way that the entrances were arranged the when 156 00:08:44,600 --> 00:08:47,120 Speaker 1: you're walking in the entrance of the castle, right, you've 157 00:08:47,120 --> 00:08:49,640 Speaker 1: crossed over the drawbridge and now you're walking in the tunnel. 158 00:08:50,200 --> 00:08:52,800 Speaker 1: Um there's arrow loops on either side of you, and 159 00:08:52,800 --> 00:08:55,520 Speaker 1: then above there's murder holes. So if you were able 160 00:08:55,559 --> 00:08:59,280 Speaker 1: to breach the drawbridge and the gate, you were subject 161 00:08:59,360 --> 00:09:02,120 Speaker 1: to having sorts of hot, horrible stuff poured on you 162 00:09:02,679 --> 00:09:06,200 Speaker 1: and you were in big trouble, not fun. Uh. The 163 00:09:06,240 --> 00:09:10,160 Speaker 1: other thing they had to for for defense and for protection. 164 00:09:10,520 --> 00:09:14,240 Speaker 1: While defense is in defending yourself was the crenelation. Like 165 00:09:14,280 --> 00:09:15,720 Speaker 1: you know, when you see the top of the tower 166 00:09:15,760 --> 00:09:18,200 Speaker 1: and it's one block is higher, then the next block 167 00:09:18,280 --> 00:09:20,720 Speaker 1: is low, the next block is higher. That was actually 168 00:09:20,960 --> 00:09:23,320 Speaker 1: uh purposely done that way, so you could, you know, 169 00:09:23,360 --> 00:09:26,199 Speaker 1: soldiers could hide behind those blocks, peek around the corner 170 00:09:26,200 --> 00:09:27,679 Speaker 1: and fire and arrow, and then hide behind the tall 171 00:09:27,720 --> 00:09:30,280 Speaker 1: block again. Right. And I would argue that crenelations are 172 00:09:30,280 --> 00:09:34,880 Speaker 1: the most readily recognizable design of castle for sure. About 173 00:09:34,920 --> 00:09:37,520 Speaker 1: you know, the little sand castle molds, even those have 174 00:09:37,600 --> 00:09:40,280 Speaker 1: crenilations on them. If if they don't have the crenilations, 175 00:09:40,320 --> 00:09:45,400 Speaker 1: it's really just a big rectangle, Chuck, you were talking about, 176 00:09:45,559 --> 00:09:48,880 Speaker 1: um guys hiding behind the blocks of crenelation and then 177 00:09:49,080 --> 00:09:52,560 Speaker 1: moving to the side and shooting an arrow. They also 178 00:09:52,800 --> 00:09:57,439 Speaker 1: designed staircases in a clockwise circular fashion. Coolest fact of 179 00:09:57,480 --> 00:09:59,439 Speaker 1: the show right here, Do you want to take your buddy? 180 00:09:59,600 --> 00:10:04,080 Speaker 1: May I? Yes? Please? Okay? Uh, you're right clockwise while 181 00:10:04,120 --> 00:10:07,040 Speaker 1: going up. This is because at the time soldiers were 182 00:10:07,120 --> 00:10:08,920 Speaker 1: right handed. The fault with their right hand swung the 183 00:10:08,920 --> 00:10:11,480 Speaker 1: sword of the right hand. Um, if they were left 184 00:10:11,520 --> 00:10:13,439 Speaker 1: handed by nature, they were taught to fight with their 185 00:10:13,520 --> 00:10:17,440 Speaker 1: right because why because left handed people were considered evil 186 00:10:17,600 --> 00:10:20,880 Speaker 1: at the time. Actually, the word sinister means left handed, 187 00:10:21,360 --> 00:10:24,520 Speaker 1: so weird, so they design it counterclockwise going up. So 188 00:10:24,679 --> 00:10:27,000 Speaker 1: if you're flying up the stairs to go fight somebody, 189 00:10:27,080 --> 00:10:28,920 Speaker 1: you had room on your right hand side to swing 190 00:10:28,960 --> 00:10:31,680 Speaker 1: your weapon and it wouldn't hit the wall. Don That 191 00:10:31,720 --> 00:10:33,640 Speaker 1: in That the coolest fact of the whole thing. It is. 192 00:10:33,679 --> 00:10:36,040 Speaker 1: And also if you're running up the stairs and you're 193 00:10:36,080 --> 00:10:38,640 Speaker 1: an archer, you can draw and you have plenty of 194 00:10:38,679 --> 00:10:40,880 Speaker 1: room to draw an arrow and shoot it out of 195 00:10:40,920 --> 00:10:44,920 Speaker 1: one of the arrow loops that too. Yeah, so Chuck, 196 00:10:45,960 --> 00:10:48,960 Speaker 1: that's the outer wall. We've got the crenelations, we've got 197 00:10:48,960 --> 00:10:52,880 Speaker 1: towers built into it, we have holdings in different variations 198 00:10:52,880 --> 00:10:55,560 Speaker 1: on the holding right. Uh, and then you have the 199 00:10:55,600 --> 00:10:58,560 Speaker 1: inner wall. Right inside the outer wall, you would have 200 00:10:58,600 --> 00:11:01,240 Speaker 1: what's called a bailey, right, which is basically is a 201 00:11:01,280 --> 00:11:04,720 Speaker 1: big open courtyard. So anytime you see nights jousting like 202 00:11:05,040 --> 00:11:08,720 Speaker 1: the heart throb Heath Ledger in a Night's Tale r 203 00:11:08,720 --> 00:11:12,400 Speaker 1: I P right um, what they where where that joust 204 00:11:12,480 --> 00:11:16,720 Speaker 1: was taking place was actually inside the outside wall of 205 00:11:16,840 --> 00:11:19,240 Speaker 1: the castle. Yeah, and here's the thing you want to 206 00:11:19,240 --> 00:11:21,320 Speaker 1: We'll talk about the sieges later, but once you storm 207 00:11:21,320 --> 00:11:24,040 Speaker 1: into the castle. It's kind of like, great, we're inside, 208 00:11:24,080 --> 00:11:27,240 Speaker 1: but it's also like, oh boy, we're inside, because now 209 00:11:27,280 --> 00:11:29,680 Speaker 1: you're trapped, and all the little dudes up there in 210 00:11:29,720 --> 00:11:31,960 Speaker 1: the tower and on the walkways all of a sudden 211 00:11:31,960 --> 00:11:34,040 Speaker 1: just turned around and start firing flaming arrows down at 212 00:11:34,040 --> 00:11:36,240 Speaker 1: your head. Right, Because at the very least the castle 213 00:11:36,240 --> 00:11:38,720 Speaker 1: would have an outer wall and then some sort of 214 00:11:38,760 --> 00:11:42,440 Speaker 1: tower or inner fortification. A lot of castles actually had 215 00:11:42,480 --> 00:11:45,959 Speaker 1: an outer wall, then the bailey, and then an inner wall, 216 00:11:46,360 --> 00:11:49,000 Speaker 1: and then within that was the tower. So yeah, you 217 00:11:49,040 --> 00:11:51,720 Speaker 1: were just your toast basically if you made it in 218 00:11:51,960 --> 00:11:54,920 Speaker 1: and and you weren't, if you were feeling under the weather, 219 00:11:54,960 --> 00:11:58,760 Speaker 1: that they that was the day you died. U the courtyard, Josh. 220 00:11:58,800 --> 00:12:00,640 Speaker 1: They also use it as a marketplace ace, and they 221 00:12:00,640 --> 00:12:04,720 Speaker 1: had festivals and fairs, they did soldier drilling, train horses. 222 00:12:05,040 --> 00:12:07,560 Speaker 1: And then later once uh you know, castles later on 223 00:12:07,600 --> 00:12:09,640 Speaker 1: became more for like the kings and the noblemen and 224 00:12:09,800 --> 00:12:13,520 Speaker 1: less military in nature, and they were used for like 225 00:12:13,600 --> 00:12:16,160 Speaker 1: gardens and fountains that kind of thing, right, And uh 226 00:12:16,200 --> 00:12:19,280 Speaker 1: that when the nobleman actually lived in the castles, which 227 00:12:19,320 --> 00:12:21,960 Speaker 1: they did, but for the most part, castles were originally 228 00:12:22,000 --> 00:12:27,680 Speaker 1: made for military purposes, but then as the military technology advanced, 229 00:12:27,679 --> 00:12:32,640 Speaker 1: castles became much less strong or able to withstand attacks. 230 00:12:32,720 --> 00:12:36,200 Speaker 1: So the what was originally called the keep, actually what 231 00:12:36,200 --> 00:12:39,600 Speaker 1: was originally called the Don john right became the keep, 232 00:12:39,679 --> 00:12:45,520 Speaker 1: and the Jean or the Don Johnson it was usually 233 00:12:45,559 --> 00:12:49,679 Speaker 1: pastel um the uh, that became the keep, and that's 234 00:12:49,679 --> 00:12:53,240 Speaker 1: where the lord of the manner, the whoever owned the 235 00:12:53,320 --> 00:12:57,720 Speaker 1: feudal surfs lived right. The other thing, because obviously you 236 00:12:57,760 --> 00:12:59,560 Speaker 1: need a lot of people to keep up a castle, 237 00:12:59,640 --> 00:13:05,000 Speaker 1: to work the kitchen, blacksmiths, carpenters. There were residential apartments inside, yeah, 238 00:13:05,040 --> 00:13:07,720 Speaker 1: which you never really think about, you know, the fact 239 00:13:07,760 --> 00:13:10,040 Speaker 1: that they had people living there on site. So it's 240 00:13:10,040 --> 00:13:12,600 Speaker 1: sort of like a little live workplace scene way back 241 00:13:12,600 --> 00:13:16,600 Speaker 1: in the Middle Ages. I just assumed that feudal lord 242 00:13:16,679 --> 00:13:22,559 Speaker 1: slaughtered all the workers afterwards, exactly. Yeah, um the uh. 243 00:13:22,600 --> 00:13:26,680 Speaker 1: They're also Chapels Chuck. And there's a castle in Scotland 244 00:13:27,320 --> 00:13:31,520 Speaker 1: and the name escapes me right now, but it is 245 00:13:31,559 --> 00:13:34,720 Speaker 1: supposedly the most haunted castle in the world and the 246 00:13:34,800 --> 00:13:37,400 Speaker 1: reason why is one of the things that happened there 247 00:13:37,840 --> 00:13:41,520 Speaker 1: was the feudal lord, the the person who owned the castle. 248 00:13:42,080 --> 00:13:45,480 Speaker 1: His brother was saying mass in the chapel of the castle, 249 00:13:46,080 --> 00:13:48,880 Speaker 1: and he came in and murdered his brother, beheaded him 250 00:13:49,080 --> 00:13:52,320 Speaker 1: while he was saying mass. It's probably bad luck that, 251 00:13:52,520 --> 00:13:55,720 Speaker 1: I don't think. I think running over gravestones is on 252 00:13:55,920 --> 00:13:59,800 Speaker 1: par with that with your car. Yeah, it's pretty bad stuff. Yeah. 253 00:14:00,040 --> 00:14:02,600 Speaker 1: That chapels they had lived in priests many times because 254 00:14:02,640 --> 00:14:05,360 Speaker 1: they went to church every day. Back then. They had 255 00:14:05,720 --> 00:14:08,840 Speaker 1: the Great Hall inside the castle, which is what you 256 00:14:08,840 --> 00:14:10,480 Speaker 1: you know when you see them drinking the meat and 257 00:14:10,520 --> 00:14:12,440 Speaker 1: feasting at the big table. It's in the great hall. 258 00:14:13,400 --> 00:14:17,000 Speaker 1: They had storage obviously for their food and uh, the 259 00:14:17,040 --> 00:14:19,400 Speaker 1: horse food and all that kind of stuff. And little 260 00:14:19,480 --> 00:14:23,640 Speaker 1: known fact inside the keep, most rooms were heated with 261 00:14:23,680 --> 00:14:27,440 Speaker 1: a fireplace. Yeah, I saw that that was worthy of 262 00:14:27,440 --> 00:14:29,920 Speaker 1: putting in here. I thought that was interesting, Chuck. One 263 00:14:29,920 --> 00:14:31,720 Speaker 1: of the things that I hadn't thought of until I 264 00:14:31,760 --> 00:14:35,560 Speaker 1: read the article. It makes complete sense, is that um 265 00:14:35,880 --> 00:14:39,480 Speaker 1: castles needed to have a self sufficient water supply. So 266 00:14:39,520 --> 00:14:41,960 Speaker 1: you had to have a well within the castle walls, 267 00:14:42,560 --> 00:14:46,240 Speaker 1: right Why Well, because if you were trapped in there 268 00:14:46,240 --> 00:14:48,440 Speaker 1: and we'll we'll get to the siege later on. Oh 269 00:14:49,040 --> 00:14:52,880 Speaker 1: that was my segue into the seas. Well. You need 270 00:14:52,920 --> 00:14:55,440 Speaker 1: to have your water because when people siege, they kind 271 00:14:55,440 --> 00:14:57,840 Speaker 1: of basically surround you and say, no one's coming out 272 00:14:57,880 --> 00:15:01,480 Speaker 1: to get anything, right for months long time, so you 273 00:15:01,520 --> 00:15:03,840 Speaker 1: better have your water and your food. And they said 274 00:15:03,840 --> 00:15:06,880 Speaker 1: it just like that. I think, Actually, I thought you're 275 00:15:06,880 --> 00:15:08,440 Speaker 1: gonna mention the dungeon. That's what I didn't know. You're 276 00:15:08,440 --> 00:15:11,960 Speaker 1: moving on. Well, yeah, the dungeon was originally up high 277 00:15:12,040 --> 00:15:14,840 Speaker 1: when it was called the Don Johnson like you said, uh, 278 00:15:14,880 --> 00:15:17,040 Speaker 1: and then that became the keep and the dungeon was 279 00:15:17,120 --> 00:15:21,080 Speaker 1: moved down low down. So that was just another interesting 280 00:15:21,120 --> 00:15:22,720 Speaker 1: fact I thought was dungeons used to be like in 281 00:15:22,760 --> 00:15:25,040 Speaker 1: the upper reaches. Yeah, you always think of dungeon is 282 00:15:25,080 --> 00:15:30,840 Speaker 1: below the ground, right, but they're harder to escape from exactly, dude, binga. Uh. 283 00:15:30,920 --> 00:15:33,080 Speaker 1: The other thing they had, Josh, besides the wells because 284 00:15:33,120 --> 00:15:34,920 Speaker 1: they needed to get their water, was they used cisterns 285 00:15:35,000 --> 00:15:39,200 Speaker 1: to collect rainwater. Very green living type of thing going on, right, 286 00:15:39,600 --> 00:15:42,160 Speaker 1: Very smart to do so though. Yeah. Um so, Chuck, 287 00:15:42,200 --> 00:15:45,320 Speaker 1: we were talking about sieges, remember remember that. Yeah, back 288 00:15:45,360 --> 00:15:48,480 Speaker 1: to sieges. So, uh, let's say that you are you 289 00:15:48,600 --> 00:15:51,120 Speaker 1: having a standing army within your castle and you're a 290 00:15:51,160 --> 00:15:53,360 Speaker 1: feudal lord, and may you may or may not have 291 00:15:53,440 --> 00:15:55,920 Speaker 1: just murdered your brother who while he was saying mass. 292 00:15:56,000 --> 00:15:58,600 Speaker 1: But otherwise everything's hunky dory. And then all of a 293 00:15:58,600 --> 00:16:02,680 Speaker 1: sudden and in eating army from another nearby lord uh 294 00:16:02,800 --> 00:16:05,880 Speaker 1: comes up. So you basically batten down the hatches. To 295 00:16:06,080 --> 00:16:09,520 Speaker 1: use a metaphor that doesn't really make any sense whatsoever 296 00:16:09,520 --> 00:16:13,640 Speaker 1: because it's nautical in nature. Um, but basically, you you 297 00:16:14,280 --> 00:16:16,320 Speaker 1: you try to fight them off as much as possible. 298 00:16:16,560 --> 00:16:19,760 Speaker 1: But also you've got all of your entrances closed and guarded, 299 00:16:19,840 --> 00:16:22,400 Speaker 1: and you've got people ready with hot oil at the 300 00:16:22,440 --> 00:16:24,840 Speaker 1: murder holes and all that, and like we said, this 301 00:16:24,920 --> 00:16:28,400 Speaker 1: can last for months or years. Yeah, the impression I 302 00:16:28,480 --> 00:16:29,920 Speaker 1: got was that a lot of times there was never 303 00:16:29,960 --> 00:16:32,960 Speaker 1: any fighting going on when they did the surround and 304 00:16:32,960 --> 00:16:35,640 Speaker 1: wait you out technique, right, and it actually led to 305 00:16:35,720 --> 00:16:38,720 Speaker 1: the fewest casualties because a lot of times the invading 306 00:16:38,800 --> 00:16:42,360 Speaker 1: army could negotiate the surrender of the castle. Well true, 307 00:16:42,520 --> 00:16:44,360 Speaker 1: but the other side of the coin is, if you're 308 00:16:44,360 --> 00:16:46,920 Speaker 1: going to be the army that surrounds the place, you 309 00:16:47,040 --> 00:16:49,960 Speaker 1: gotta have your food and water too, right, So people 310 00:16:50,040 --> 00:16:54,280 Speaker 1: inside the castle would use flaming arrows, catapults with flaming 311 00:16:54,720 --> 00:16:58,880 Speaker 1: boulders maybe um, and shoot them into the countryside to 312 00:16:58,960 --> 00:17:01,480 Speaker 1: set it on fire so the the invading army couldn't 313 00:17:01,480 --> 00:17:04,040 Speaker 1: go get supplies from it, right yeah, and or for 314 00:17:04,119 --> 00:17:06,080 Speaker 1: a dround and hunting that kind of stuff. But you 315 00:17:06,080 --> 00:17:11,080 Speaker 1: could see some some invading army guy going the berries, right, 316 00:17:11,560 --> 00:17:14,840 Speaker 1: they're on fire. That's what we counted on. Uh. The 317 00:17:14,880 --> 00:17:17,200 Speaker 1: other cool thing too, if you were the invading army, 318 00:17:17,640 --> 00:17:20,560 Speaker 1: you could catapult and this is not just for monty python. 319 00:17:21,000 --> 00:17:24,639 Speaker 1: You could catapult like a dead cow, diseased cow, or 320 00:17:24,720 --> 00:17:27,400 Speaker 1: diseased human or disease dead human into all I guess 321 00:17:27,440 --> 00:17:30,320 Speaker 1: a disease live humans. All bets are off. I'm not 322 00:17:30,400 --> 00:17:34,000 Speaker 1: dead yet, and you can catapult them over the wall 323 00:17:34,119 --> 00:17:38,639 Speaker 1: and all of a sudden, this bovine diseased animal is 324 00:17:38,720 --> 00:17:41,080 Speaker 1: just like splattered in the middle of your keep and 325 00:17:41,119 --> 00:17:44,800 Speaker 1: you're in big trouble. Yeah. Uh. And I think probably 326 00:17:44,800 --> 00:17:48,280 Speaker 1: the other reason that laying siege to well just waiting 327 00:17:48,920 --> 00:17:53,639 Speaker 1: that kind of siege um was favored. It was because 328 00:17:54,520 --> 00:17:58,600 Speaker 1: the whole reason you're attacking this castle is probably get 329 00:17:58,640 --> 00:18:00,679 Speaker 1: the castle, I would think, so, so you want as 330 00:18:00,760 --> 00:18:04,520 Speaker 1: little damage under the castle as possible, because if it 331 00:18:04,600 --> 00:18:07,840 Speaker 1: took five I think or two to ten years to 332 00:18:07,880 --> 00:18:11,040 Speaker 1: build a castle, yeah, you don't want to wait that time. 333 00:18:11,080 --> 00:18:13,240 Speaker 1: You just go wait for some other schmow to build 334 00:18:13,280 --> 00:18:15,200 Speaker 1: his and invade it and then take it. Yeah, it's 335 00:18:15,200 --> 00:18:19,440 Speaker 1: a good idea. Yeah, that's the broadwater way, right, Uh, 336 00:18:19,520 --> 00:18:21,480 Speaker 1: one of the other ways, Josh. And this, this you 337 00:18:21,480 --> 00:18:23,800 Speaker 1: would think is right out of the cartoons, but actually happened. 338 00:18:23,800 --> 00:18:25,960 Speaker 1: To get into a castle as you would use a 339 00:18:26,000 --> 00:18:28,040 Speaker 1: scaling ladder and you would put a big, tall ladder 340 00:18:28,040 --> 00:18:30,080 Speaker 1: and you would climb up it. But just like in 341 00:18:30,119 --> 00:18:32,800 Speaker 1: the cartoon, you could just go up there and push 342 00:18:32,800 --> 00:18:35,080 Speaker 1: the ladder off. What's the dudes are on it if 343 00:18:35,080 --> 00:18:37,879 Speaker 1: you were strong enough, or you could shoot the flaming 344 00:18:37,920 --> 00:18:40,160 Speaker 1: arrows at their head, which is our our favorite technique, 345 00:18:40,520 --> 00:18:44,520 Speaker 1: throw objects down, pour hot oil on them, same deal, right. Uh. 346 00:18:44,560 --> 00:18:48,439 Speaker 1: To get around this, you could create a um what 347 00:18:48,560 --> 00:18:51,560 Speaker 1: are they called chuck A siege tower. Yeah, build your 348 00:18:51,600 --> 00:18:55,240 Speaker 1: own portable tower and you have some a bunch of 349 00:18:55,280 --> 00:18:59,920 Speaker 1: soldiers inside and they are waiting while some other soldiers 350 00:19:00,000 --> 00:19:02,479 Speaker 1: own on the ground or pushing this tower right up 351 00:19:02,520 --> 00:19:04,800 Speaker 1: against well as close as they can get to the 352 00:19:04,840 --> 00:19:08,440 Speaker 1: castle and then the door opens and guys come streaming out. Yeah, dude, 353 00:19:08,480 --> 00:19:10,960 Speaker 1: they would lower a plank across, you know, like a 354 00:19:10,960 --> 00:19:12,560 Speaker 1: pirate ship would do. And let's say when they pulled 355 00:19:12,640 --> 00:19:14,679 Speaker 1: up to another pirate ship and they would storm that 356 00:19:14,720 --> 00:19:17,000 Speaker 1: way from up top. Yeah. I think that appeared in 357 00:19:17,119 --> 00:19:23,200 Speaker 1: like the the last Lord of the Rings movie. No, 358 00:19:23,440 --> 00:19:27,359 Speaker 1: I don't even say that. Yeah, they use that device 359 00:19:27,359 --> 00:19:30,800 Speaker 1: in the Last Lord of the Rings movie. But Josh, 360 00:19:31,320 --> 00:19:32,840 Speaker 1: that is not my favorite. And when I was talking 361 00:19:32,840 --> 00:19:38,000 Speaker 1: about rudimentary genius, the battering ram, Oh yeah, you build 362 00:19:38,000 --> 00:19:41,520 Speaker 1: big door, we take a big pole smash door. You know. 363 00:19:41,600 --> 00:19:44,560 Speaker 1: It's funny. The fuzz still use that today. Oh yeah, 364 00:19:44,600 --> 00:19:47,600 Speaker 1: those little metal things. I want one of those. You 365 00:19:47,640 --> 00:19:50,120 Speaker 1: can get one. You can. Also you should probably dispose 366 00:19:50,200 --> 00:19:53,520 Speaker 1: of the complimentary brass knuckles that come with your order there, right. 367 00:19:54,720 --> 00:19:56,840 Speaker 1: Uh so, yeah, the battering ram obviously was It was 368 00:19:56,880 --> 00:19:59,760 Speaker 1: a big tool for the invading army and um some 369 00:19:59,840 --> 00:20:02,560 Speaker 1: of them were covered in like shields to prevent the 370 00:20:02,560 --> 00:20:05,440 Speaker 1: flaming arrow from hitting their head. Some were wide open, 371 00:20:05,880 --> 00:20:09,200 Speaker 1: and then to defend it once again, the rudimentary genius, 372 00:20:09,440 --> 00:20:12,000 Speaker 1: they would like put they would slide like padding down 373 00:20:12,040 --> 00:20:13,879 Speaker 1: in front of the door. They're like, oh, here they 374 00:20:13,880 --> 00:20:15,719 Speaker 1: come in the battering and let's slew this mattress up 375 00:20:15,720 --> 00:20:19,120 Speaker 1: against the door, which again I think that that's used 376 00:20:19,160 --> 00:20:22,920 Speaker 1: in modern storming techniques by the fuzz and criminals. They 377 00:20:22,920 --> 00:20:26,840 Speaker 1: would shoot flaming arrows into the door as well. Yeah, 378 00:20:26,880 --> 00:20:28,920 Speaker 1: because it was would so catch the door on fire 379 00:20:28,960 --> 00:20:30,399 Speaker 1: and maybe you can weaken it a little bit. I 380 00:20:30,400 --> 00:20:33,400 Speaker 1: think anytime there was wood, flaming arrows came into play, right, 381 00:20:33,840 --> 00:20:36,119 Speaker 1: Ye always had to have a flaming arrow at the ready. 382 00:20:36,680 --> 00:20:41,400 Speaker 1: Um castle's actually entered Decline, well, at least for military purposes, 383 00:20:41,560 --> 00:20:44,680 Speaker 1: because of the invention of something we call the cannon. Yeah, 384 00:20:44,720 --> 00:20:47,160 Speaker 1: once you had superior firepower, it doesn't matter how big 385 00:20:47,160 --> 00:20:50,199 Speaker 1: your wall is exactly. Oh, we've left out one siege 386 00:20:50,240 --> 00:20:53,440 Speaker 1: technique that I thought was awesome. The tunneling. Yeah, you're 387 00:20:53,440 --> 00:20:56,399 Speaker 1: gonna say that. They would this this sieging army would 388 00:20:56,560 --> 00:21:01,280 Speaker 1: dig a tunnel all the way under the sele walls, right, 389 00:21:01,640 --> 00:21:04,560 Speaker 1: and then they would they would use timber supports to 390 00:21:04,720 --> 00:21:06,679 Speaker 1: hold the thing up while they were digging. When they 391 00:21:06,720 --> 00:21:09,480 Speaker 1: finished digging, they would come back out set the tunnel 392 00:21:09,520 --> 00:21:12,240 Speaker 1: on fire. The timber supports would burn and the the 393 00:21:12,280 --> 00:21:15,200 Speaker 1: wall above would collapse because there was no longer any support. 394 00:21:15,480 --> 00:21:17,760 Speaker 1: Pretty cool and that awesome. Yeah that I didn't It 395 00:21:17,800 --> 00:21:19,119 Speaker 1: didn't make sense to me at first, but then I 396 00:21:19,160 --> 00:21:21,040 Speaker 1: got it. So this is what you had to do 397 00:21:21,119 --> 00:21:23,680 Speaker 1: to make a wall collapse. Then the cannon comes along 398 00:21:23,720 --> 00:21:24,960 Speaker 1: and all you have to do is shoot a couple 399 00:21:24,960 --> 00:21:28,040 Speaker 1: of cannonballs in the same place and then the wall collapses. Right, 400 00:21:28,080 --> 00:21:32,760 Speaker 1: So castle's kind of fell out of use. But strangely enough, 401 00:21:33,119 --> 00:21:37,959 Speaker 1: history repeated itself. It actually came full circle because remember 402 00:21:38,000 --> 00:21:40,920 Speaker 1: we were talking about the the predecessors of castles were 403 00:21:41,280 --> 00:21:45,080 Speaker 1: earthen walls and would and that's what we went back 404 00:21:45,119 --> 00:21:48,760 Speaker 1: to because earthen walls, we found, could sustain the impact 405 00:21:48,880 --> 00:21:54,640 Speaker 1: of a cannonball. So like colonial forts, yeah, yeah, they 406 00:21:54,640 --> 00:21:56,880 Speaker 1: were made of earthen walls and wood, and they kind 407 00:21:56,880 --> 00:21:58,719 Speaker 1: of replaced it, well, not replaced, but as far as 408 00:21:58,720 --> 00:22:01,800 Speaker 1: a military outpost replaced the castle exactly. And they were 409 00:22:01,800 --> 00:22:06,080 Speaker 1: also really speedy. Apparently the colonial army could put up 410 00:22:06,520 --> 00:22:10,840 Speaker 1: a four in basically twenty four hours instead of two 411 00:22:10,880 --> 00:22:14,679 Speaker 1: to ten years. Yeah or thirty years, right, Oh, is 412 00:22:14,680 --> 00:22:16,640 Speaker 1: that how long some of them took? That's how long 413 00:22:16,680 --> 00:22:19,520 Speaker 1: one in the in Arkansas was taking. Oh yeah, let's 414 00:22:19,520 --> 00:22:23,960 Speaker 1: talk about this guy. This um. Another freshman named Michelle 415 00:22:24,320 --> 00:22:28,080 Speaker 1: Guillot and mary Lynn Martin worked on a project in 416 00:22:28,119 --> 00:22:34,399 Speaker 1: France called Project Guildon so out of my league with France, 417 00:22:34,800 --> 00:22:38,080 Speaker 1: and they they are basically building a castle in the 418 00:22:38,160 --> 00:22:42,119 Speaker 1: Bordeaux region of France using the old techniques. It started 419 00:22:43,240 --> 00:22:46,719 Speaker 1: expected to take about twenty five years. And I went 420 00:22:46,760 --> 00:22:48,520 Speaker 1: to the website day and it looks pretty rad. It 421 00:22:48,520 --> 00:22:50,760 Speaker 1: looks pretty cool so far, it's like more than one 422 00:22:50,800 --> 00:22:53,320 Speaker 1: third finished and it's open to the public. It's open 423 00:22:53,440 --> 00:22:55,640 Speaker 1: well that's how they're paying for it with the tourist money. Yeah, 424 00:22:55,640 --> 00:22:57,560 Speaker 1: which is pretty cool. And they use all ancient tools, 425 00:22:57,720 --> 00:23:03,400 Speaker 1: not ancient, but yeah ancient. No, not ancient, historic, but 426 00:23:03,600 --> 00:23:07,240 Speaker 1: you could make the case that it's ancient, like wooden calipers. Um. 427 00:23:07,880 --> 00:23:09,800 Speaker 1: They have a rope with knots tied in it to 428 00:23:09,880 --> 00:23:14,440 Speaker 1: measure things out. They they're corrying the limestone by hand, 429 00:23:14,560 --> 00:23:16,840 Speaker 1: carving the bricks by hand. They're transporting it from the 430 00:23:16,920 --> 00:23:21,200 Speaker 1: quarry to the site by um horse, not just a horse, 431 00:23:21,240 --> 00:23:24,040 Speaker 1: but a horse drawn wagon, right, And that's actually in 432 00:23:24,040 --> 00:23:26,399 Speaker 1: the article. And then We got an email from Dana 433 00:23:26,720 --> 00:23:30,600 Speaker 1: in Arkansas who said, who turned us onto this guy? 434 00:23:30,640 --> 00:23:32,960 Speaker 1: Before I read the article. He's actually doing the same 435 00:23:33,000 --> 00:23:35,840 Speaker 1: thing in Arkansas. Now, yeah, he said, I would build 436 00:23:35,840 --> 00:23:41,320 Speaker 1: one in Bodo and Arkansas random. It is random, but 437 00:23:41,359 --> 00:23:43,480 Speaker 1: it looks like it's gonna be awesome. Yeah, And it's 438 00:23:43,480 --> 00:23:48,919 Speaker 1: called the Ozark Medieval Fortress and it opens actually in 439 00:23:49,040 --> 00:23:51,960 Speaker 1: May of this year for the public, and I think 440 00:23:52,000 --> 00:23:54,120 Speaker 1: for like fifty bucks, you can go see the thing 441 00:23:54,160 --> 00:23:57,920 Speaker 1: in progress and once again, it's like a fifteen twenty 442 00:23:58,000 --> 00:24:01,000 Speaker 1: year project. Or you can go to a major regional 443 00:24:01,040 --> 00:24:04,240 Speaker 1: mall and have a nice chicken dinner at medieval times, 444 00:24:05,000 --> 00:24:07,240 Speaker 1: or you could go see the first the Hearst Castle. 445 00:24:07,240 --> 00:24:10,680 Speaker 1: They're like some rich dudes. Later on in the twentie century, 446 00:24:10,720 --> 00:24:13,320 Speaker 1: he said, you know, I want Maya castle. What says 447 00:24:13,440 --> 00:24:18,800 Speaker 1: that I own the labor of of America Castle. Herst 448 00:24:18,840 --> 00:24:21,359 Speaker 1: Castle is awesome, though you ever been there? I haven't. 449 00:24:21,359 --> 00:24:23,960 Speaker 1: I've seen pictures. Really cool. And there's a castle in 450 00:24:24,000 --> 00:24:27,639 Speaker 1: my neighborhood. Yeah, there's a castle and Oakhurst. Have you 451 00:24:27,640 --> 00:24:30,800 Speaker 1: ever seen it? Jerry? Yeah, it's like, you know, a 452 00:24:30,840 --> 00:24:32,639 Speaker 1: five minute walked from my house. I walked by there 453 00:24:32,640 --> 00:24:34,399 Speaker 1: with the dogs all the time. Sweet. It's like a 454 00:24:34,520 --> 00:24:36,159 Speaker 1: you know, small house and it's got the tower and 455 00:24:36,160 --> 00:24:38,640 Speaker 1: it's built up rock. I'll have to go check it out. Yeah, 456 00:24:38,720 --> 00:24:41,280 Speaker 1: I could probably find a picture of it. And there 457 00:24:41,280 --> 00:24:44,879 Speaker 1: a castle that's uh a mausoleum that used to be 458 00:24:44,960 --> 00:24:47,760 Speaker 1: in the one of the mall parking lots Evandale Mall 459 00:24:47,840 --> 00:24:50,920 Speaker 1: parking lot. Oh now that that was. It's a walm 460 00:24:51,000 --> 00:24:52,520 Speaker 1: right now. But it wasn't a castle, but it was 461 00:24:52,560 --> 00:24:56,440 Speaker 1: a stone mausoleum. Okay, close enough. Yeah, I just this castle, No, 462 00:24:56,520 --> 00:24:58,200 Speaker 1: curst is kind of cool. But every time I walk 463 00:24:58,280 --> 00:25:01,280 Speaker 1: the dogs by there, some dude like pours hot oil 464 00:25:01,320 --> 00:25:05,000 Speaker 1: on me. So that's kind of off putting. Nice one, Chuck. 465 00:25:05,320 --> 00:25:08,199 Speaker 1: Anymore needs to be said after that, I don't think so. 466 00:25:08,200 --> 00:25:09,960 Speaker 1: So if you want to learn more about castles and 467 00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:12,600 Speaker 1: see some cool pictures of castles, actually there's a bunch 468 00:25:12,680 --> 00:25:15,800 Speaker 1: left in this article we didn't cover. Um, you can 469 00:25:15,840 --> 00:25:18,239 Speaker 1: type in castles in the handy search bar at how 470 00:25:18,280 --> 00:25:20,560 Speaker 1: stuff works dot com, which means it's time for listeners. 471 00:25:20,640 --> 00:25:26,920 Speaker 1: Mail Josh, I'm gonna call this uh email from Anna. 472 00:25:27,840 --> 00:25:31,840 Speaker 1: She seems pretty cool and I think Anna is from 473 00:25:32,160 --> 00:25:36,280 Speaker 1: there was there Colon email from Anna Colon. She seems 474 00:25:36,320 --> 00:25:39,320 Speaker 1: pretty cool? Or was that? Or she seems pretty cool? 475 00:25:39,400 --> 00:25:42,640 Speaker 1: She does? I think she's polish said that inherently makes 476 00:25:42,640 --> 00:25:46,480 Speaker 1: her coola. Hi, Josh and Chuck, I have to thank 477 00:25:46,480 --> 00:25:49,119 Speaker 1: you for the Hiccup podcast. Does it reminded me of 478 00:25:49,119 --> 00:25:51,960 Speaker 1: how special I am in my twenty seven years on 479 00:25:51,960 --> 00:25:55,120 Speaker 1: this planet. So she's either twenty seven or she's been 480 00:25:55,160 --> 00:26:00,000 Speaker 1: living on Earth twenty seven years. She's Martian and she's forty. Uh. 481 00:26:00,000 --> 00:26:04,280 Speaker 1: I've acquired exactly two superpowers, one of photographic olfactory memory, 482 00:26:05,000 --> 00:26:07,399 Speaker 1: which I've had since childhood, and to the ability to 483 00:26:07,440 --> 00:26:10,720 Speaker 1: cure my own hiccups just by thinking about them, which 484 00:26:10,760 --> 00:26:13,840 Speaker 1: I perfected once I was of legal drinking age. The 485 00:26:14,000 --> 00:26:16,760 Speaker 1: latter superpowers made for a hilarious party trick. Basically, if 486 00:26:16,800 --> 00:26:19,960 Speaker 1: I get hiccups while imbibing of the sweet Sweet booze, 487 00:26:20,640 --> 00:26:23,560 Speaker 1: That's how I knew we'd like her. All I have 488 00:26:23,600 --> 00:26:25,879 Speaker 1: to do is pause for a second, concentrate on just 489 00:26:26,000 --> 00:26:28,880 Speaker 1: the hiccups, and they go away within just a few moments. 490 00:26:29,200 --> 00:26:31,080 Speaker 1: Of course, strangers at parties don't know this, so I 491 00:26:31,080 --> 00:26:34,480 Speaker 1: can pretend that I am plagued by uncontrollable hiccups, And 492 00:26:34,520 --> 00:26:36,880 Speaker 1: the only way I'll get cured is if, say, for instance, 493 00:26:37,240 --> 00:26:39,280 Speaker 1: someone does a keg stand or a guy gives me 494 00:26:39,320 --> 00:26:43,600 Speaker 1: a kiss. Pretty smart, wildly. Now, I know that with 495 00:26:43,640 --> 00:26:46,720 Speaker 1: great power comes great responsibility, so I have resisted the 496 00:26:46,760 --> 00:26:50,439 Speaker 1: temptation to use this ability for evil so far. My 497 00:26:50,480 --> 00:26:52,280 Speaker 1: only hope is that I don't become so blinded with 498 00:26:52,320 --> 00:26:54,560 Speaker 1: power that I turned to the dark side and use 499 00:26:54,640 --> 00:26:57,560 Speaker 1: my hiccups to start a major war of influence on 500 00:26:57,680 --> 00:27:01,399 Speaker 1: an election, or influence an election anyway. How about a 501 00:27:01,440 --> 00:27:07,240 Speaker 1: future podcast on burp ing. Anna says that, and she 502 00:27:07,280 --> 00:27:09,480 Speaker 1: says cuteous to Chuck for having good taste of music. 503 00:27:09,920 --> 00:27:12,720 Speaker 1: Have you seen the Flaming Lips myself this year? And 504 00:27:12,960 --> 00:27:16,160 Speaker 1: her email signature she's written before has a Charles Bukowski quote. 505 00:27:16,240 --> 00:27:17,960 Speaker 1: It's the other way, and that she's cool. What is 506 00:27:18,440 --> 00:27:20,399 Speaker 1: the best part of a writer is on paper? The 507 00:27:20,440 --> 00:27:23,840 Speaker 1: other part is usually nonsense nice, and it's probably followed 508 00:27:23,840 --> 00:27:26,040 Speaker 1: by a hiccup and a bourbon. Well thanks for that, Anna, 509 00:27:26,200 --> 00:27:29,240 Speaker 1: we appreciate the email. It's pretty cool. Uh. If you 510 00:27:29,280 --> 00:27:32,639 Speaker 1: have a special power, if you have a great Bukowski quote, 511 00:27:32,880 --> 00:27:36,119 Speaker 1: or if you can tell us your age in Martian years. 512 00:27:36,359 --> 00:27:38,840 Speaker 1: We want to hear it. Put it in an email, 513 00:27:39,280 --> 00:27:41,840 Speaker 1: spank it on the bottom, and send it to stuff 514 00:27:42,160 --> 00:27:49,520 Speaker 1: podcast at how stuff works dot com for more on 515 00:27:49,600 --> 00:27:52,080 Speaker 1: this and thousands of other topics. Does it how stuff 516 00:27:52,080 --> 00:27:55,640 Speaker 1: works dot com. Want more how stuff works, check out 517 00:27:55,640 --> 00:27:58,240 Speaker 1: our blogs on the house stuff works dot com home page. 518 00:28:00,040 --> 00:28:00,280 Speaker 1: Fo