WEBVTT - From the Vault: Yuru-chara: Japanese Mascots, Part 2

0:00:06.040 --> 0:00:08.920
<v Speaker 1>Hello, and welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind. My

0:00:09.080 --> 0:00:12.280
<v Speaker 1>name is Joe McCormick. Today is Saturday, so we're heading

0:00:12.320 --> 0:00:14.800
<v Speaker 1>into the vault for an older episode of Stuff to

0:00:14.800 --> 0:00:19.080
<v Speaker 1>Blow Your Mind. This one originally aired July eleventh, twenty

0:00:19.120 --> 0:00:22.560
<v Speaker 1>twenty four, and it is part two of our series

0:00:22.640 --> 0:00:25.360
<v Speaker 1>on the Yurukiara Japanese mascots.

0:00:25.720 --> 0:00:31.479
<v Speaker 2>Enjoy Welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind, the production

0:00:31.520 --> 0:00:33.080
<v Speaker 2>of iHeartRadio.

0:00:39.120 --> 0:00:41.199
<v Speaker 3>Hey you welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind. My

0:00:41.280 --> 0:00:42.560
<v Speaker 3>name is Robert Lamb.

0:00:42.800 --> 0:00:45.200
<v Speaker 1>And I am Joe McCormick, and we're back with part

0:00:45.240 --> 0:00:50.320
<v Speaker 1>two of our series on Urukiara, the lovable wobbly mascot

0:00:50.479 --> 0:00:54.400
<v Speaker 1>characters of Japan. Now, if you haven't heard part one yet,

0:00:54.400 --> 0:00:56.480
<v Speaker 1>you should go back and listen to that episode first.

0:00:56.800 --> 0:00:59.440
<v Speaker 1>In that one, we talked about the origins of the

0:00:59.560 --> 0:01:03.480
<v Speaker 1>uru our concept. Rob shared some of his experiences with

0:01:03.560 --> 0:01:06.880
<v Speaker 1>these characters on a recent trip to Japan, and we

0:01:06.959 --> 0:01:10.200
<v Speaker 1>talked about a couple of our favorite examples, including the

0:01:10.440 --> 0:01:15.000
<v Speaker 1>Kuma Moto mascot, a real megastar called Kuma Man, which

0:01:15.120 --> 0:01:17.520
<v Speaker 1>looks like a bear but apparently is not a bear.

0:01:18.920 --> 0:01:22.280
<v Speaker 1>You'll listen to the episode, you'll understand and then the

0:01:22.400 --> 0:01:26.720
<v Speaker 1>more obscure park associated mascot Hako Geo, and we're back

0:01:26.760 --> 0:01:28.240
<v Speaker 1>today to talk about some more.

0:01:28.600 --> 0:01:31.800
<v Speaker 3>That's right, Okay, So my last selection was more emotional

0:01:31.840 --> 0:01:36.560
<v Speaker 3>than I guess substantially interesting to everybody. But this next one,

0:01:37.200 --> 0:01:39.960
<v Speaker 3>I think is even more fascinating because it does include

0:01:40.000 --> 0:01:44.800
<v Speaker 3>ties into mythology and architecture. So this is one that

0:01:44.840 --> 0:01:47.760
<v Speaker 3>I definitely got to observe in the wild. So me

0:01:47.800 --> 0:01:50.000
<v Speaker 3>and my family were big studio Ghibli fans. Of course,

0:01:50.120 --> 0:01:53.280
<v Speaker 3>we made our way to visit Ghibli Park during our

0:01:53.280 --> 0:01:55.760
<v Speaker 3>trip to Japan, so we spent two nights in Nagoya

0:01:56.040 --> 0:01:59.960
<v Speaker 3>to do so, and while traveling on the Nagoya Municipal Subway,

0:02:00.240 --> 0:02:04.120
<v Speaker 3>we frequently encountered helpful signs that featured its mascot. It's

0:02:04.160 --> 0:02:09.600
<v Speaker 3>aficial mascot, Hatchie. Hatchie is well, I would say to

0:02:09.639 --> 0:02:15.079
<v Speaker 3>the uninformed Guidjin eye. Hat Schie is a humanoid uniform

0:02:15.200 --> 0:02:19.360
<v Speaker 3>Nagoya City Subway employee, but his head is a golden

0:02:19.400 --> 0:02:23.440
<v Speaker 3>fish with a human cartoon face, complete with fins on

0:02:23.480 --> 0:02:26.560
<v Speaker 3>the side and an upward cresting tail on the back

0:02:26.600 --> 0:02:27.120
<v Speaker 3>of the head.

0:02:27.360 --> 0:02:30.200
<v Speaker 1>So when you say he has a fish head, you

0:02:30.240 --> 0:02:33.239
<v Speaker 1>were not saying his head is the head of a fish.

0:02:33.520 --> 0:02:36.480
<v Speaker 1>You're saying his head is an entire fish.

0:02:36.639 --> 0:02:38.959
<v Speaker 3>Right, but like you know, kind of like a flat

0:02:39.000 --> 0:02:43.000
<v Speaker 3>face fish with like a cartoon human nose. So there's

0:02:43.120 --> 0:02:45.679
<v Speaker 3>there's something interesting going on here. But at the very least,

0:02:45.720 --> 0:02:49.280
<v Speaker 3>you can say a subway employee with a fish for

0:02:49.320 --> 0:02:49.880
<v Speaker 3>a head.

0:02:49.880 --> 0:02:52.600
<v Speaker 1>A human bodied subway employee with a fish for a head,

0:02:52.600 --> 0:02:54.680
<v Speaker 1>but the fish for a head has a human face.

0:02:55.040 --> 0:02:58.320
<v Speaker 3>Correct. Yeah, so already I'm on board, right, I mean,

0:02:58.320 --> 0:03:00.760
<v Speaker 3>he's cute, he's a bit weird, shown up and given

0:03:00.840 --> 0:03:04.920
<v Speaker 3>me helpful advice. You know, it often brings attention to

0:03:05.000 --> 0:03:09.600
<v Speaker 3>important signage or in particular the glass kind of like

0:03:09.639 --> 0:03:13.360
<v Speaker 3>glass paned doors in between subway cars. I found that

0:03:13.360 --> 0:03:15.160
<v Speaker 3>they had stickers on there, I guess to keep people

0:03:15.200 --> 0:03:17.000
<v Speaker 3>from bonking into them if they were you know too,

0:03:17.560 --> 0:03:19.320
<v Speaker 3>if they were free of smudges and so forth.

0:03:19.800 --> 0:03:22.000
<v Speaker 1>As someone who has more than once in my life

0:03:22.000 --> 0:03:24.720
<v Speaker 1>walked straight into a glass door, I appreciate that.

0:03:25.240 --> 0:03:27.919
<v Speaker 3>But this is where things get even cooler. So it's

0:03:27.960 --> 0:03:31.280
<v Speaker 3>not merely a fish that is serving as his head.

0:03:31.600 --> 0:03:35.760
<v Speaker 3>Hatschi has a shachi hoko or shachi for a head.

0:03:36.120 --> 0:03:39.000
<v Speaker 3>So what is this? Well, in Japanese mythology, this is

0:03:39.040 --> 0:03:42.560
<v Speaker 3>a fearsome sea monster, often described as a great fish

0:03:42.600 --> 0:03:45.040
<v Speaker 3>with either the head of a tiger or of a dragon.

0:03:45.600 --> 0:03:48.680
<v Speaker 3>It's also sometimes compared to a dolphin or an orca,

0:03:49.040 --> 0:03:53.760
<v Speaker 3>and shachi actually apparently means orca in Japanese. Now, the

0:03:53.800 --> 0:03:57.920
<v Speaker 3>origins of this mythical creature ex seemingly extend back through

0:03:58.040 --> 0:04:02.720
<v Speaker 3>Chinese and Vedic influences, namely connecting to the chai Win

0:04:03.240 --> 0:04:08.560
<v Speaker 3>and the Makara in those different mythologies, both creatures that

0:04:09.000 --> 0:04:13.280
<v Speaker 3>were often used as rooftop guardian sculptures, so comparable in

0:04:13.320 --> 0:04:16.839
<v Speaker 3>some ways to like a gargoyle in the West. Okay,

0:04:17.320 --> 0:04:21.359
<v Speaker 3>though some sources still when talking about the shatshi go

0:04:21.480 --> 0:04:23.600
<v Speaker 3>with more of a literal. This was modeled after a

0:04:23.680 --> 0:04:26.000
<v Speaker 3>killer whale. But as we often discussed in the show,

0:04:26.040 --> 0:04:28.880
<v Speaker 3>monsters are generally born of like multiple reference points. There

0:04:28.880 --> 0:04:31.039
<v Speaker 3>can be a lot of different things going on when

0:04:31.040 --> 0:04:35.039
<v Speaker 3>a monster has created wholesale, or when it makes the

0:04:35.160 --> 0:04:38.440
<v Speaker 3>journey from one culture into another, and then add you know,

0:04:38.640 --> 0:04:40.760
<v Speaker 3>one hundred two hundred years or more on top of that.

0:04:41.839 --> 0:04:45.040
<v Speaker 3>So the sashi joko, this golden fish with upturned tail

0:04:45.839 --> 0:04:50.599
<v Speaker 3>is frequently found as a traditional Japanese architectural flourish, so

0:04:51.279 --> 0:04:55.000
<v Speaker 3>great golden fish upward tail generally gleaming gold in appearance,

0:04:55.320 --> 0:04:59.120
<v Speaker 3>and traditionally employed as a means of supernatural fire prevention,

0:04:59.720 --> 0:05:02.200
<v Speaker 3>because because the mythical fish here was said to hold

0:05:02.279 --> 0:05:05.120
<v Speaker 3>water in its belly and it could control the rain,

0:05:05.760 --> 0:05:08.000
<v Speaker 3>So you know, you can think of this as an

0:05:08.040 --> 0:05:12.360
<v Speaker 3>invocation of a protective spirit while you're doing other things

0:05:12.400 --> 0:05:14.320
<v Speaker 3>as well, of course, to try and keep fires from

0:05:14.360 --> 0:05:17.400
<v Speaker 3>getting out of hand and burning down buildings or districts.

0:05:17.680 --> 0:05:19.880
<v Speaker 1>Almost like a symbolic sprinkler system.

0:05:20.240 --> 0:05:23.520
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, but why on the subway, you might ask. Well,

0:05:24.960 --> 0:05:29.039
<v Speaker 3>the main reason is because Nigoya's historic Nigoya Castle, originally

0:05:29.080 --> 0:05:32.320
<v Speaker 3>built in sixteen ten, partially destroyed in nineteen forty five,

0:05:32.640 --> 0:05:36.520
<v Speaker 3>and sort of continually restored since nineteen fifty seven, prominently

0:05:36.560 --> 0:05:40.679
<v Speaker 3>features a golden satchi on the roof, and I included

0:05:40.680 --> 0:05:43.479
<v Speaker 3>a picture of one here for you, Joe and everyone

0:05:43.480 --> 0:05:45.039
<v Speaker 3>out there. You can look these up as well. The

0:05:45.080 --> 0:05:49.600
<v Speaker 3>English for this word is shachi.

0:05:48.839 --> 0:05:51.920
<v Speaker 1>Oh okay so am I understanding this image correctly? If

0:05:52.000 --> 0:05:55.080
<v Speaker 1>I'm looking at it right. The fish's face is not

0:05:55.400 --> 0:05:59.440
<v Speaker 1>facing out from the roof. It's turned inward along the

0:05:59.520 --> 0:06:02.039
<v Speaker 1>roof line, and the fish is sort of waving its

0:06:02.160 --> 0:06:04.279
<v Speaker 1>tail out toward the rest of the world.

0:06:04.720 --> 0:06:08.080
<v Speaker 3>That's correct, yes, and pretty much. I think all the

0:06:08.240 --> 0:06:12.159
<v Speaker 3>times that I saw it utilized while I was over

0:06:12.200 --> 0:06:14.440
<v Speaker 3>there and just looking around at various pictures, that that

0:06:14.520 --> 0:06:15.480
<v Speaker 3>seems to be the standard.

0:06:15.880 --> 0:06:20.160
<v Speaker 1>Interesting. I guess when I imagine artistic conventions of representing

0:06:20.200 --> 0:06:22.160
<v Speaker 1>like an animal or a creature on the outside of

0:06:22.160 --> 0:06:23.960
<v Speaker 1>a building, I would always have thought of it as

0:06:24.000 --> 0:06:27.200
<v Speaker 1>having the face facing out. But there's no reason it

0:06:27.240 --> 0:06:28.000
<v Speaker 1>has to be that way.

0:06:28.120 --> 0:06:30.120
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, And the front half of the creature is very impressive.

0:06:30.160 --> 0:06:32.359
<v Speaker 3>Again in these statues, it's very much of like a

0:06:32.440 --> 0:06:36.719
<v Speaker 3>dragonoid sort of head. You know, even I can see

0:06:36.720 --> 0:06:40.400
<v Speaker 3>the tiger associations, and also you can sort of see

0:06:40.480 --> 0:06:43.840
<v Speaker 3>roughly okay, I can imagine an orca or dolphin standing

0:06:43.839 --> 0:06:46.120
<v Speaker 3>in for this creature. Now on top of that, you know,

0:06:46.360 --> 0:06:48.840
<v Speaker 3>I guess we can also acknowledge that subway fires are

0:06:49.120 --> 0:06:52.280
<v Speaker 3>certainly always a possibility, So I imagine you could also make

0:06:52.279 --> 0:06:55.760
<v Speaker 3>a case for employing a mythological creature associated with fire

0:06:55.800 --> 0:07:00.920
<v Speaker 3>prevention against subway fires, or maybe more generally again unwanted

0:07:00.960 --> 0:07:04.760
<v Speaker 3>safety related scenarios in general, you know, like it's employed

0:07:04.960 --> 0:07:09.000
<v Speaker 3>on buildings as a protective spirit to help protect against

0:07:09.760 --> 0:07:13.320
<v Speaker 3>like sort of worst case scenarios. And likewise, in the subway,

0:07:13.920 --> 0:07:18.400
<v Speaker 3>our friend here, the mascot hot sheet is here to help.

0:07:19.240 --> 0:07:22.520
<v Speaker 1>Just looking at this fellow, I cannot help but feel assured.

0:07:23.200 --> 0:07:26.000
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, he's very lovable. I highly recommend if you're interested

0:07:26.000 --> 0:07:29.239
<v Speaker 3>look him up. It's generally spelled h A t chi

0:07:29.280 --> 0:07:32.600
<v Speaker 3>I in English, or just look for Nagoya Municipal Subway

0:07:34.040 --> 0:07:35.320
<v Speaker 3>mascot and you'll find him.

0:07:35.480 --> 0:07:38.559
<v Speaker 1>Okay, you ready to talk about my next selection? Yeah?

0:07:38.640 --> 0:07:41.080
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, here you got a very interesting choice. Is not

0:07:41.120 --> 0:07:42.680
<v Speaker 3>one that was that I was familiar with?

0:07:42.920 --> 0:07:45.800
<v Speaker 1>Well, so, I think the most interesting thing about the

0:07:46.440 --> 0:07:48.840
<v Speaker 1>uukiara I'm about to talk about is that it is

0:07:48.920 --> 0:07:51.840
<v Speaker 1>the only one I'm aware of. There may be others

0:07:51.880 --> 0:07:55.160
<v Speaker 1>that have escaped to my attention. That is a successful

0:07:55.320 --> 0:07:59.720
<v Speaker 1>usurper king so I mentioned in the last episode coming

0:07:59.720 --> 0:08:01.960
<v Speaker 1>across Awesome mascot who was said to be a big

0:08:02.000 --> 0:08:06.080
<v Speaker 1>fan of heavy metal music, which it seems incongruous with

0:08:06.240 --> 0:08:10.640
<v Speaker 1>the vibe of most of these mascots, Like what soft

0:08:10.800 --> 0:08:13.360
<v Speaker 1>toddling character of this kind could be a metal head.

0:08:13.600 --> 0:08:19.120
<v Speaker 1>The answer is it's Funasi, the unofficial mascot of Funubashi, Chiba.

0:08:20.040 --> 0:08:22.440
<v Speaker 1>Now you might wonder unofficial. How does a city end

0:08:22.520 --> 0:08:26.200
<v Speaker 1>up with an unofficial mascot? So I was reading about

0:08:26.200 --> 0:08:29.840
<v Speaker 1>this in a couple of blog posts, one on a

0:08:30.240 --> 0:08:34.000
<v Speaker 1>Kawhi culture site called You May Twins, and also on

0:08:34.280 --> 0:08:37.199
<v Speaker 1>the Mondo Mascots blog. WHEB, I think you name dropped

0:08:37.200 --> 0:08:38.640
<v Speaker 1>this one in the last episode, didn't you.

0:08:39.120 --> 0:08:41.640
<v Speaker 3>Yeah. It's a great resource, especially if you just want

0:08:41.640 --> 0:08:45.960
<v Speaker 3>to overload on images of various mascots and eventually like learn,

0:08:46.120 --> 0:08:47.000
<v Speaker 3>like what they represent.

0:08:47.520 --> 0:08:49.959
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, and so the short story is that in the

0:08:50.040 --> 0:08:54.480
<v Speaker 1>year twenty thirteen, Funubashi City decided to get in on

0:08:54.559 --> 0:08:58.920
<v Speaker 1>the mascot hype and created its own official character. This

0:08:59.000 --> 0:09:03.800
<v Speaker 1>character was called Funeimon, who was widely considered by locals

0:09:03.840 --> 0:09:07.720
<v Speaker 1>to be excruciatingly bland and boring. Rob. I will let

0:09:07.760 --> 0:09:10.640
<v Speaker 1>you judge for yourself. Here I've included a picture. This

0:09:10.720 --> 0:09:14.720
<v Speaker 1>is a Funeimon on the right. He is described in

0:09:15.160 --> 0:09:17.280
<v Speaker 1>most of the sources I could find as an Edo

0:09:17.400 --> 0:09:22.120
<v Speaker 1>period salaryman or Edo period merchant. He's wearing typical clothing

0:09:22.240 --> 0:09:25.839
<v Speaker 1>for the period and glasses, and I have to agree

0:09:25.880 --> 0:09:28.800
<v Speaker 1>it is not a thrilling design. It's also not even

0:09:28.880 --> 0:09:31.240
<v Speaker 1>super cute. It's just like an adult guy.

0:09:31.920 --> 0:09:35.120
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, it just looks like somebody's dad. Who's you know,

0:09:35.160 --> 0:09:38.920
<v Speaker 3>I'm pretty cool dad. But as a mascot for the city,

0:09:39.000 --> 0:09:39.400
<v Speaker 3>I don't know.

0:09:39.800 --> 0:09:45.720
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. So, in rebellion against this uninspiring official mascot, the

0:09:45.800 --> 0:09:51.160
<v Speaker 1>people of Funabashi City elevated I think a pre existing character.

0:09:52.000 --> 0:09:57.040
<v Speaker 1>This character is a hyperactive sentient pair named Funasi, who

0:09:57.160 --> 0:10:00.440
<v Speaker 1>was born in a pair orchard and loves headbanging Ozzy

0:10:00.480 --> 0:10:06.199
<v Speaker 1>Osbourne Fvnasi seems to have an appetite for extreme experiences

0:10:06.240 --> 0:10:10.600
<v Speaker 1>and thrill seeking, and also allegedly sustained an injury while

0:10:10.640 --> 0:10:15.480
<v Speaker 1>participating in a luchador exhibition in Mexico in twenty sixteen. Now,

0:10:15.600 --> 0:10:19.920
<v Speaker 1>for whoever's writing this character's sort of backstory, As we

0:10:20.000 --> 0:10:22.400
<v Speaker 1>mentioned in the last episode, a lot of these mascot

0:10:22.480 --> 0:10:26.800
<v Speaker 1>characters have more extensive personal histories and backstories and sort

0:10:26.840 --> 0:10:29.600
<v Speaker 1>of storylines than you might expect. You know, we talked

0:10:29.640 --> 0:10:31.560
<v Speaker 1>last time about the ones that were falling in love

0:10:31.600 --> 0:10:36.079
<v Speaker 1>with each other and all that stuff, but so this

0:10:36.600 --> 0:10:41.640
<v Speaker 1>one really likes getting into extreme experiences and you know,

0:10:41.720 --> 0:10:44.680
<v Speaker 1>the loud headbanging and all that. And I wonder if

0:10:44.720 --> 0:10:48.240
<v Speaker 1>that is, in fact a reaction to the fact that

0:10:48.320 --> 0:10:51.280
<v Speaker 1>this character filled the void of a character who was

0:10:51.400 --> 0:10:53.120
<v Speaker 1>perceived to be too boring.

0:10:53.679 --> 0:10:56.959
<v Speaker 3>Hmmm, yeah, I can see that being the case. Maybe

0:10:57.000 --> 0:10:59.760
<v Speaker 3>combine that with some of this sort of attention seeking,

0:11:00.679 --> 0:11:07.040
<v Speaker 3>arguably at times out of control, enthusiasm for these various mascots.

0:11:07.040 --> 0:11:09.760
<v Speaker 3>You know, I was reading about about one the other day.

0:11:09.760 --> 0:11:11.640
<v Speaker 3>In fact, it was the one that was prominently featured

0:11:11.679 --> 0:11:14.600
<v Speaker 3>on John Oliver. How that particular mascot kind of got

0:11:14.640 --> 0:11:17.280
<v Speaker 3>into a little bit of trouble based on just sort

0:11:17.320 --> 0:11:19.440
<v Speaker 3>of being a little bit too aggressive and a bit

0:11:19.520 --> 0:11:21.920
<v Speaker 3>too extreme and it's stunts.

0:11:23.320 --> 0:11:25.000
<v Speaker 1>That's not the same one, is it.

0:11:25.000 --> 0:11:25.679
<v Speaker 3>It was different one.

0:11:25.840 --> 0:11:27.520
<v Speaker 1>Oh okay, yeah, yeah.

0:11:27.360 --> 0:11:29.760
<v Speaker 3>Different one. But I'm saying it seems like there's there

0:11:29.800 --> 0:11:32.920
<v Speaker 3>is a line somewhere in there where you could go

0:11:33.000 --> 0:11:35.880
<v Speaker 3>too far. But I guess Funasi's doing it right. I

0:11:35.920 --> 0:11:39.400
<v Speaker 3>looked up Funasi and wrestling to see, okay, well, what

0:11:39.520 --> 0:11:41.800
<v Speaker 3>is he doing? Where has he been engaging with like

0:11:41.880 --> 0:11:45.200
<v Speaker 3>Lucha Libre or whatever? And I couldn't find many immediate answers.

0:11:45.200 --> 0:11:46.720
<v Speaker 3>But I did see some clips of him being like

0:11:46.800 --> 0:11:50.760
<v Speaker 3>thrown and flung around by some pretty big name Japanese

0:11:50.760 --> 0:11:54.240
<v Speaker 3>professional wrestlers, So you know he's he's getting out there.

0:11:54.400 --> 0:11:57.760
<v Speaker 3>I mean, I don't think he's having official matches. He's

0:11:57.760 --> 0:12:10.040
<v Speaker 3>getting out there carpet m all right. The next one

0:12:10.080 --> 0:12:14.439
<v Speaker 3>I want to cover here is terreb tosin Aka Father

0:12:14.520 --> 0:12:20.000
<v Speaker 3>Television a Kaido Prefecture. This guy. I included a picture

0:12:20.040 --> 0:12:22.240
<v Speaker 3>of him before you here, Joe, tell me what you

0:12:22.320 --> 0:12:25.800
<v Speaker 3>get off of just an initial look here at terreb Toasin.

0:12:26.000 --> 0:12:27.640
<v Speaker 3>What do you say? What do you think he is?

0:12:28.840 --> 0:12:34.319
<v Speaker 1>He is a red thing almost maybe like an upturned

0:12:34.360 --> 0:12:37.400
<v Speaker 1>flower pot for a head, a sort of a slightly

0:12:37.679 --> 0:12:40.360
<v Speaker 1>you know, like a upside down flower pot with a

0:12:40.360 --> 0:12:43.880
<v Speaker 1>little bit of soft corners on it, with a face.

0:12:44.040 --> 0:12:48.160
<v Speaker 1>The face looks very jolly hit, you know, a big,

0:12:48.280 --> 0:12:50.640
<v Speaker 1>big smile on the face. It has the best kind

0:12:50.679 --> 0:12:54.800
<v Speaker 1>of mustache, which is just four hairs, and then has

0:12:54.840 --> 0:12:59.240
<v Speaker 1>a sort of I don't know, a black spike reaching

0:12:59.320 --> 0:13:02.440
<v Speaker 1>up from the top of his head, which almost suggests

0:13:02.559 --> 0:13:04.640
<v Speaker 1>a piece of fruit, you know, like an apple has

0:13:04.679 --> 0:13:06.599
<v Speaker 1>a stem. Maybe it's a piece of fruit with a

0:13:06.640 --> 0:13:09.800
<v Speaker 1>stem poking off and then oh, also, so if his

0:13:09.920 --> 0:13:13.360
<v Speaker 1>head and body is an upturned clay flower flower pot,

0:13:14.000 --> 0:13:17.120
<v Speaker 1>he has two legs underneath that are right side up

0:13:17.559 --> 0:13:20.439
<v Speaker 1>clay flower pots of a smaller size, and then sort

0:13:20.480 --> 0:13:23.200
<v Speaker 1>of a green loin cloth. That that's what I get.

0:13:23.640 --> 0:13:25.880
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, yeah, I looked at him and I instantly thought

0:13:25.920 --> 0:13:28.920
<v Speaker 3>like maybe pepper, like, maybe he's a hot pepper or

0:13:29.320 --> 0:13:33.200
<v Speaker 3>other kind of a yeah, vegetable or fruit. I showed

0:13:33.240 --> 0:13:35.640
<v Speaker 3>a picture of him to my wife and she was like,

0:13:35.679 --> 0:13:38.000
<v Speaker 3>I think he's a traffic cone. Also, I think a

0:13:38.080 --> 0:13:38.760
<v Speaker 3>valid guess.

0:13:39.520 --> 0:13:40.560
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that's that's good.

0:13:41.080 --> 0:13:44.440
<v Speaker 3>But the reality here, and this makes sense once you

0:13:44.640 --> 0:13:47.520
<v Speaker 3>see the images side by side, is he's designed to

0:13:47.559 --> 0:13:52.440
<v Speaker 3>resemble the Supporo TV tower, and once once you see it,

0:13:52.520 --> 0:13:55.000
<v Speaker 3>you're like, okay, I can see it now. With the like,

0:13:55.080 --> 0:13:59.439
<v Speaker 3>he's very vaguely tower shaped. The tower in question has

0:13:59.440 --> 0:14:04.080
<v Speaker 3>this kind of like green band structure around the lower

0:14:04.120 --> 0:14:06.400
<v Speaker 3>portion of it that has been transformed into a belt

0:14:06.840 --> 0:14:10.959
<v Speaker 3>in his mascot form. And then that black apparatus on

0:14:11.000 --> 0:14:12.600
<v Speaker 3>the top of his head, well, that's those are the

0:14:12.720 --> 0:14:16.000
<v Speaker 3>upper extremes of the television tower itself.

0:14:16.480 --> 0:14:19.120
<v Speaker 1>I see, yes, now, so I like that.

0:14:19.360 --> 0:14:21.520
<v Speaker 3>You know, there's like a journey to for at least

0:14:21.600 --> 0:14:23.680
<v Speaker 3>for someone like me to figure out what he is.

0:14:24.560 --> 0:14:26.600
<v Speaker 3>But I was looking into it more, and I think

0:14:26.640 --> 0:14:29.760
<v Speaker 3>part of the appeal of this guy is that his

0:14:29.880 --> 0:14:33.000
<v Speaker 3>name in Japanese also has there's like a pun involved here,

0:14:33.320 --> 0:14:36.680
<v Speaker 3>like mister television tower, which does not translate all that well.

0:14:37.160 --> 0:14:40.400
<v Speaker 3>But I was instantly amused as well because someone's for

0:14:40.480 --> 0:14:42.760
<v Speaker 3>me ideas of TV as this kind of like stand

0:14:42.800 --> 0:14:46.920
<v Speaker 3>in parent or teacher, you know, father television. And it

0:14:47.360 --> 0:14:50.320
<v Speaker 3>also reminds me of that old Simpson's line from Treehouse

0:14:50.320 --> 0:14:53.520
<v Speaker 3>of Horror Television teacher mother, secret lover.

0:14:55.640 --> 0:14:57.680
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, are you kids hugging the TV?

0:14:59.680 --> 0:15:02.240
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, I mean it's father television. He just has the

0:15:02.280 --> 0:15:04.080
<v Speaker 3>best of intentions for us. Yeah.

0:15:04.160 --> 0:15:08.760
<v Speaker 1>I like this one. He seems sage and redolent with pleasure.

0:15:09.160 --> 0:15:11.480
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, and there's not a lot to him, I admit,

0:15:11.640 --> 0:15:13.960
<v Speaker 3>But it's another example of like what they can be

0:15:14.080 --> 0:15:19.000
<v Speaker 3>born of. They can be born of local landmarks, you know,

0:15:19.160 --> 0:15:22.080
<v Speaker 3>architectural touches and so forth. But the next one I

0:15:22.080 --> 0:15:24.360
<v Speaker 3>want to mention is interesting because it seems to be

0:15:24.520 --> 0:15:29.600
<v Speaker 3>very mission oriented, Like this is a Yuri kiara that

0:15:29.920 --> 0:15:33.640
<v Speaker 3>was dreamt up that was designed in order to fulfill

0:15:33.680 --> 0:15:37.760
<v Speaker 3>a particular objective in reaching the masses and conveying some

0:15:37.880 --> 0:15:39.360
<v Speaker 3>very important safety ideas.

0:15:39.800 --> 0:15:42.520
<v Speaker 1>Oh, I'm intrigued. Who is it? All right?

0:15:42.680 --> 0:15:46.680
<v Speaker 3>This one is Zukimi moriy So this is another one.

0:15:46.920 --> 0:15:49.080
<v Speaker 3>I'm fairly certain that I got to see this one

0:15:49.160 --> 0:15:53.280
<v Speaker 3>in the wild because we were in Osaka. That's where

0:15:53.320 --> 0:15:55.640
<v Speaker 3>this one is utilized. Osaka is a really fun city though,

0:15:55.680 --> 0:15:58.080
<v Speaker 3>but and we had a little harder time navigating ourselves

0:15:58.160 --> 0:16:01.200
<v Speaker 3>on the public transportation, so I wasn't as on the

0:16:01.240 --> 0:16:06.160
<v Speaker 3>ball about like getting pictures and chronicling him. But basically,

0:16:06.720 --> 0:16:12.960
<v Speaker 3>this is a large, slightly scary purple and pink creature

0:16:13.600 --> 0:16:17.320
<v Speaker 3>with a single glowing eye with a yellow pupil, and

0:16:18.440 --> 0:16:22.760
<v Speaker 3>he lives in the gap in the subway stations.

0:16:23.320 --> 0:16:25.800
<v Speaker 1>Oh my lord, Rob, I was trying to think, what

0:16:26.040 --> 0:16:28.120
<v Speaker 1>does he remind me of? And he looks like a

0:16:28.160 --> 0:16:31.680
<v Speaker 1>purple version of the monsters from the Green Slime.

0:16:31.960 --> 0:16:35.000
<v Speaker 3>He really does. Yeah, yeah, there's definitely a sense of

0:16:35.000 --> 0:16:37.720
<v Speaker 3>the Green Slime to him. If we were to see

0:16:37.760 --> 0:16:40.240
<v Speaker 3>him animated, I bet he would have some very Miyazaki

0:16:40.320 --> 0:16:42.760
<v Speaker 3>esque elements. He kind of reminds me of cat bus

0:16:42.960 --> 0:16:47.120
<v Speaker 3>a few times, but like a darkness cat bus. And

0:16:47.200 --> 0:16:50.040
<v Speaker 3>so his mission here is And there are a lot

0:16:50.040 --> 0:16:55.880
<v Speaker 3>of I think objectively cute signs warning people of all ages,

0:16:55.880 --> 0:16:59.800
<v Speaker 3>but especially children, about the dangers of closing doors and

0:17:00.120 --> 0:17:04.320
<v Speaker 3>the gap on Japanese trains and subways. So gaijen may

0:17:04.320 --> 0:17:06.879
<v Speaker 3>be more used to you know meor mind the gap

0:17:06.920 --> 0:17:11.160
<v Speaker 3>and watch for the closing doors announcements, but Japanese subway

0:17:11.160 --> 0:17:13.640
<v Speaker 3>and train systems are generally more proactive on this. Oftentimes

0:17:13.680 --> 0:17:16.159
<v Speaker 3>there are automatic gates in front of the gap that

0:17:16.280 --> 0:17:18.879
<v Speaker 3>help you know, that help make sure that people are

0:17:18.880 --> 0:17:21.840
<v Speaker 3>not getting too close, and then you have initiatives like this,

0:17:22.720 --> 0:17:26.119
<v Speaker 3>and uh yeah, I love him because Sukima Moury isn't

0:17:26.160 --> 0:17:28.720
<v Speaker 3>just a cute lax fellow to make you feel chill

0:17:28.760 --> 0:17:32.720
<v Speaker 3>about public transportation. He is very cute, but he could

0:17:32.760 --> 0:17:36.680
<v Speaker 3>also be mistaken for one of the darker pokemon, perhaps

0:17:36.680 --> 0:17:39.720
<v Speaker 3>you know some of the ghost types. But again, his

0:17:39.800 --> 0:17:42.200
<v Speaker 3>whole deal is about reminding you of the dangers of

0:17:42.240 --> 0:17:45.640
<v Speaker 3>the gap, so he needs to be a little bit scary,

0:17:45.760 --> 0:17:48.080
<v Speaker 3>even if he is not malicious. Like I want to

0:17:48.080 --> 0:17:51.479
<v Speaker 3>be clear, Soukima Moury is not here to grab your

0:17:51.520 --> 0:17:53.080
<v Speaker 3>children and pull them into the gap.

0:17:53.240 --> 0:17:54.960
<v Speaker 1>I gotta say it looks like that in some of

0:17:54.960 --> 0:17:58.320
<v Speaker 1>the pictures you've supplied below, like he's peeking out below

0:17:58.400 --> 0:18:01.000
<v Speaker 1>the train with his like fingers ready as a child

0:18:01.160 --> 0:18:04.480
<v Speaker 1>is wandering by. It looks like he's going to snatch

0:18:04.520 --> 0:18:05.560
<v Speaker 1>the child, right.

0:18:05.640 --> 0:18:07.840
<v Speaker 3>This has led to some comparisons in the West to

0:18:08.160 --> 0:18:11.400
<v Speaker 3>Penny Wise, the dancing clown, you know, the lur king

0:18:11.440 --> 0:18:14.720
<v Speaker 3>and the sewer to pull children down. That is not

0:18:14.920 --> 0:18:19.880
<v Speaker 3>what Suki memory is about. Okay, he is here. He's friendly,

0:18:20.520 --> 0:18:22.720
<v Speaker 3>but he is scary because he is scaring you away

0:18:22.720 --> 0:18:25.399
<v Speaker 3>from the danger dangerous part of the train, or one

0:18:25.400 --> 0:18:28.000
<v Speaker 3>of the dangerous parts. Because again remember he is a

0:18:28.080 --> 0:18:32.639
<v Speaker 3>creature of the gap. His name quite literally means the gap,

0:18:32.680 --> 0:18:36.200
<v Speaker 3>get go. And he was created by j R. West Railways,

0:18:37.160 --> 0:18:40.760
<v Speaker 3>again largely to serve as a reminder for children and

0:18:41.000 --> 0:18:44.840
<v Speaker 3>adults and parents, kind of a nursery bogie, you know,

0:18:44.960 --> 0:18:48.720
<v Speaker 3>to scare kids away from from the danger zone. And

0:18:48.840 --> 0:18:51.480
<v Speaker 3>this was in response to apparently troubling stats at the

0:18:51.480 --> 0:18:55.639
<v Speaker 3>time about gap related accidents with kids. So you know,

0:18:55.800 --> 0:18:59.520
<v Speaker 3>there is a real reason to roll out this mascot.

0:18:59.560 --> 0:19:01.760
<v Speaker 3>It wasn't just situation where wouldn't it be cool if

0:19:01.760 --> 0:19:04.080
<v Speaker 3>we had a cute mascot. This again seemed to have

0:19:04.080 --> 0:19:05.800
<v Speaker 3>been a very mission first scenario.

0:19:06.280 --> 0:19:09.359
<v Speaker 1>We need a jinny green teeth of the subways exactly.

0:19:09.480 --> 0:19:12.879
<v Speaker 3>Yeah. He's also really down on cell phone use on

0:19:12.920 --> 0:19:16.080
<v Speaker 3>the train and on the move, especially among parents who

0:19:16.119 --> 0:19:19.080
<v Speaker 3>should be helping their kids navigate that gap, and you know,

0:19:19.160 --> 0:19:22.399
<v Speaker 3>not get a footstuck or anything. We're told that he

0:19:22.440 --> 0:19:25.520
<v Speaker 3>does love to dance, and I love this detail. He

0:19:25.600 --> 0:19:28.520
<v Speaker 3>sleeps among the many lost things in the gap, so

0:19:28.560 --> 0:19:31.280
<v Speaker 3>there are various images of him like sleeping around like

0:19:31.400 --> 0:19:36.439
<v Speaker 3>lost shoes and lost cell phones and so forth, like

0:19:36.480 --> 0:19:38.760
<v Speaker 3>sort of sleeping in the junk down there, his own

0:19:38.800 --> 0:19:42.199
<v Speaker 3>treasure trove. He loves declaires, So you know, you do

0:19:42.280 --> 0:19:44.439
<v Speaker 3>have some just sort of like neutral information about him,

0:19:44.480 --> 0:19:45.720
<v Speaker 3>and we can we can relate to that.

0:19:45.800 --> 0:19:48.800
<v Speaker 1>I guess, huh is that like a thing people drop

0:19:48.840 --> 0:19:50.399
<v Speaker 1>a Claire's through the gap?

0:19:50.960 --> 0:19:53.480
<v Speaker 3>I don't know. I mean maybe one person dropped in

0:19:53.480 --> 0:19:55.120
<v Speaker 3>a Claire and he was like, this is good. I'm

0:19:55.160 --> 0:19:57.600
<v Speaker 3>a fan. Now I wait other Eclaires to be dropped

0:19:57.600 --> 0:20:01.480
<v Speaker 3>into the gap. So again, it would be unfair to

0:20:01.480 --> 0:20:05.080
<v Speaker 3>classify Zukima Moury as a malevolent force, but he's at

0:20:05.160 --> 0:20:09.080
<v Speaker 3>least adjacent to dangerous realities and as such, you know,

0:20:09.119 --> 0:20:11.440
<v Speaker 3>he reminds me a bit of past discussions of things

0:20:11.600 --> 0:20:15.159
<v Speaker 3>like Jenny Green Teeth and indeed like the Kappa, you know,

0:20:15.320 --> 0:20:20.240
<v Speaker 3>a superstitious, supernatural monster to warn people away from water

0:20:20.280 --> 0:20:23.320
<v Speaker 3>related dangers. And in this case it's it's subway oriented.

0:20:23.880 --> 0:20:26.000
<v Speaker 1>Yes, But though as soon as I said Jenny green

0:20:26.000 --> 0:20:28.560
<v Speaker 1>Teeth a few moments ago, I did realize, no, that's

0:20:28.560 --> 0:20:30.880
<v Speaker 1>still not quite right, because Jenny green Teeth does want

0:20:30.920 --> 0:20:33.679
<v Speaker 1>to snatch the children and Sukima Moury does not.

0:20:34.040 --> 0:20:36.879
<v Speaker 3>That's right. Yeah, The the the energy here seems to

0:20:36.920 --> 0:20:41.080
<v Speaker 3>be to amuse, to entertain, but also to be a

0:20:41.080 --> 0:20:43.840
<v Speaker 3>little bit scary, because he is a scary but cute

0:20:43.880 --> 0:20:46.119
<v Speaker 3>creature that comes from a place that you should be

0:20:46.440 --> 0:20:48.840
<v Speaker 3>more aware of and you should have a little more

0:20:48.960 --> 0:20:52.040
<v Speaker 3>uncertainty about, because it is like a dangerous in between

0:20:52.160 --> 0:20:55.399
<v Speaker 3>zone when boarding the train. So look him up. This

0:20:55.440 --> 0:20:58.120
<v Speaker 3>one's There are a lot of interesting posters and images

0:20:58.160 --> 0:21:02.439
<v Speaker 3>of this guy, and so interesting reactions to him. But

0:21:02.520 --> 0:21:05.000
<v Speaker 3>he's doing good work, so I applaud him. So say

0:21:05.000 --> 0:21:09.119
<v Speaker 3>we all all right now, this brings us to some

0:21:09.200 --> 0:21:12.679
<v Speaker 3>more cultural connections that we can make about our euro kiara.

0:21:13.640 --> 0:21:17.640
<v Speaker 3>So most cultures have their various mythological and folkloric creatures.

0:21:17.640 --> 0:21:19.480
<v Speaker 3>Obviously we talk about a lot of them on the show.

0:21:19.520 --> 0:21:22.040
<v Speaker 3>We're always trying to drag them in from different parts

0:21:22.040 --> 0:21:25.080
<v Speaker 3>of the world, and it is, but it is often

0:21:25.119 --> 0:21:29.520
<v Speaker 3>observed that Japanese culture offers a particularly powerful trifecta of

0:21:29.560 --> 0:21:33.800
<v Speaker 3>cultural influences that may help us understand some of the

0:21:33.920 --> 0:21:38.000
<v Speaker 3>energy underlying the appeal of their mascots, of their euro kiara.

0:21:38.400 --> 0:21:41.080
<v Speaker 3>You know, why are they such a big deal compared

0:21:41.119 --> 0:21:44.359
<v Speaker 3>to other parts of the world that also have cute,

0:21:44.920 --> 0:21:47.560
<v Speaker 3>you know, imaginary beings that may be invoked in various

0:21:47.560 --> 0:21:51.320
<v Speaker 3>ad campaigns and public awareness and typical mascot work and

0:21:51.400 --> 0:21:55.159
<v Speaker 3>so forth. And on one hand, that there is certainly

0:21:55.200 --> 0:21:56.760
<v Speaker 3>and this is you know, sit in a a lot

0:21:56.760 --> 0:22:00.200
<v Speaker 3>of sources we're looking at. There is the polytheist stick

0:22:00.320 --> 0:22:05.560
<v Speaker 3>nature of Japan's Shinto religion and the presence of supernatural

0:22:05.640 --> 0:22:10.480
<v Speaker 3>kami in all things in Shintoism. So this absolutely can't

0:22:10.480 --> 0:22:14.920
<v Speaker 3>be overlooked. You know, it's a traditional worldview in which

0:22:14.960 --> 0:22:19.000
<v Speaker 3>there are multiple supernatural agents of power, that can reside

0:22:19.119 --> 0:22:22.359
<v Speaker 3>in pretty much anything that's very sort of like fast

0:22:22.400 --> 0:22:25.600
<v Speaker 3>and loose. There's a lot more to Shintoism than that,

0:22:25.800 --> 0:22:29.159
<v Speaker 3>but basically, like in terms of like the key points

0:22:29.160 --> 0:22:33.560
<v Speaker 3>we might reference in understanding something as far far more

0:22:34.320 --> 0:22:38.639
<v Speaker 3>simple as Japanese mascots, essentially, you can look at that

0:22:38.680 --> 0:22:42.560
<v Speaker 3>Shintoism as one possible leg of understanding them culturally. Now,

0:22:42.600 --> 0:22:44.720
<v Speaker 3>I think we do have to also be careful here

0:22:44.880 --> 0:22:48.439
<v Speaker 3>not to other the situation too much, because while there

0:22:48.440 --> 0:22:51.200
<v Speaker 3>does seem to be a uniquely Japanese emphasis in play here,

0:22:51.240 --> 0:22:54.919
<v Speaker 3>we can of course point to the coexistence of various mythic, folkloric,

0:22:54.960 --> 0:22:59.080
<v Speaker 3>and otherwise at least supernatural adjacent beings in various cultures,

0:22:59.119 --> 0:23:02.240
<v Speaker 3>regardless of the dominant religion or religions in that culture,

0:23:02.880 --> 0:23:06.960
<v Speaker 3>and beings from outside traditions have a way of working

0:23:07.000 --> 0:23:11.359
<v Speaker 3>their way into even those religions, at least into the periphery. Okay,

0:23:11.400 --> 0:23:13.879
<v Speaker 3>So there's Shintoism, and then, as we we've already referred

0:23:13.880 --> 0:23:16.560
<v Speaker 3>to several examples of this, but they're also the yokai,

0:23:16.640 --> 0:23:19.479
<v Speaker 3>which we've discussed in greater detail on the show before

0:23:19.640 --> 0:23:24.520
<v Speaker 3>it catch all, for various monsters, supernatural phenomenon and ghosts,

0:23:24.880 --> 0:23:28.520
<v Speaker 3>though yuri, which are more in line with the haunting

0:23:28.560 --> 0:23:31.680
<v Speaker 3>ghosts of Western tradition, are kind of their own separate category.

0:23:32.640 --> 0:23:35.680
<v Speaker 3>Yokai ghosts are they're more in line with this idea

0:23:35.680 --> 0:23:38.520
<v Speaker 3>of kami and that they're they're everywhere, and they might

0:23:38.600 --> 0:23:41.080
<v Speaker 3>be just completely neutral to humans, or they might be

0:23:41.119 --> 0:23:46.400
<v Speaker 3>a little bit mischievous. It just depends. So we've talked

0:23:46.400 --> 0:23:48.920
<v Speaker 3>about them before. They occur in various places throughout one's

0:23:48.960 --> 0:23:52.560
<v Speaker 3>daily life, according to the traditions, often associated with things

0:23:52.560 --> 0:23:57.760
<v Speaker 3>such as bathrooms, restaurant kitchens, alleys, and so forth. And

0:23:57.800 --> 0:23:59.480
<v Speaker 3>there's a very strong case to be made that the

0:23:59.560 --> 0:24:02.399
<v Speaker 3>Pokemon as well, oh a lot of their popularity to

0:24:02.440 --> 0:24:06.680
<v Speaker 3>these traditions, and various Pokemon are directly based on yokai,

0:24:07.160 --> 0:24:11.240
<v Speaker 3>and some Yokai and some Pokemon are also Eurokiara, so

0:24:12.560 --> 0:24:16.000
<v Speaker 3>you know, it's all kind of interconnected. I should also

0:24:16.080 --> 0:24:20.960
<v Speaker 3>know that we've discussed sukumogami on the show before, household

0:24:20.960 --> 0:24:23.560
<v Speaker 3>objects that are thought to become animant through age and

0:24:23.640 --> 0:24:28.919
<v Speaker 3>Japanese traditions. There seems to be this slide towards personification,

0:24:29.040 --> 0:24:32.160
<v Speaker 3>which of course ties into the very basic human tendency

0:24:32.200 --> 0:24:35.560
<v Speaker 3>to identify human like qualities and animals, plants, and various

0:24:35.840 --> 0:24:40.040
<v Speaker 3>inanimate or even non corporeal things. I think sometimes examples

0:24:40.119 --> 0:24:42.560
<v Speaker 3>like this from another culture just give us the distance

0:24:42.600 --> 0:24:47.680
<v Speaker 3>to recognize the larger global phenomena. Also kind of I'm

0:24:47.680 --> 0:24:50.000
<v Speaker 3>going to present as kind of like the third leg

0:24:50.040 --> 0:24:54.760
<v Speaker 3>of the tripod here potentially to understand eurokiara as and

0:24:54.800 --> 0:24:58.160
<v Speaker 3>this also ties into sort of cuteness in general and kauai.

0:24:58.760 --> 0:25:01.919
<v Speaker 3>But as Eddie ya El Chang points out in the

0:25:01.960 --> 0:25:05.280
<v Speaker 3>twenty eighteen article, let the Eurokiara do the job, there's

0:25:05.320 --> 0:25:09.639
<v Speaker 3>also this long standing popularity of small things in Japanese culture,

0:25:09.680 --> 0:25:14.000
<v Speaker 3>particularly the small sculpture art form of netsuki, combined with

0:25:14.640 --> 0:25:18.359
<v Speaker 3>long standing appreciation for animal forms and cute things in general.

0:25:18.640 --> 0:25:21.520
<v Speaker 1>All Right, so you've got this sort of pyramid of

0:25:21.520 --> 0:25:26.439
<v Speaker 1>different influences that could be feeding into the eurokiara phenomenon.

0:25:26.480 --> 0:25:30.720
<v Speaker 1>On one hand, the traditional Shinto beliefs about the spirits

0:25:30.760 --> 0:25:34.800
<v Speaker 1>or entities all throughout nature. On the other hand, you've

0:25:34.840 --> 0:25:37.520
<v Speaker 1>got the sort of yokai, the various sort of like

0:25:37.640 --> 0:25:40.560
<v Speaker 1>monsters or beings that we've talked about on the show.

0:25:40.600 --> 0:25:44.200
<v Speaker 1>And then also this tradition of making these cute small

0:25:44.240 --> 0:25:59.199
<v Speaker 1>sculptures like Netsuki, specifically regarding the one leg of the

0:25:59.240 --> 0:26:03.439
<v Speaker 1>tripod here of Yokai. I wanted to come back to

0:26:03.480 --> 0:26:07.359
<v Speaker 1>something from an essay that I mentioned in Part one,

0:26:07.560 --> 0:26:10.320
<v Speaker 1>so and the last time I talked about the essay

0:26:10.359 --> 0:26:15.280
<v Speaker 1>about Kumaman, the bear or not Bear urukyara of the

0:26:15.320 --> 0:26:22.119
<v Speaker 1>Kumamoto Prefecture. This essay was called Kumaman, Japan's surprisingly Cheeky Mascot.

0:26:22.240 --> 0:26:25.520
<v Speaker 1>That was in a book called Introducing Japanese Popular Culture

0:26:26.040 --> 0:26:30.280
<v Speaker 1>twenty twenty three from Rutledge, edited by Elisa Friedman. The

0:26:30.400 --> 0:26:34.040
<v Speaker 1>essay was by Deborah j Ochi, and this part that

0:26:34.080 --> 0:26:36.119
<v Speaker 1>I'm about to mention was in the context of a

0:26:36.160 --> 0:26:40.600
<v Speaker 1>paragraph talking about how urukyara are sometimes deployed by authorities

0:26:40.640 --> 0:26:46.440
<v Speaker 1>after large, frightening public events. One big example is the

0:26:46.480 --> 0:26:52.000
<v Speaker 1>March twenty eleven earthquake, tsunami and subsequent nuclear incident at Fukushima,

0:26:52.280 --> 0:26:55.000
<v Speaker 1>after which Ochi says that the number of mascots in

0:26:55.080 --> 0:26:58.960
<v Speaker 1>Japan increased, as did the perception of their healing power

0:26:59.080 --> 0:27:02.280
<v Speaker 1>for the people. And I've also read that the figure

0:27:02.320 --> 0:27:06.840
<v Speaker 1>of Kumaman specifically was widely used to comfort the public

0:27:06.960 --> 0:27:11.240
<v Speaker 1>after the devastating twenty sixteen Kumamoto earthquakes. So there's a

0:27:11.280 --> 0:27:14.640
<v Speaker 1>sense that part of the role, part of the cultural

0:27:14.720 --> 0:27:19.840
<v Speaker 1>role of these like these sort of cute, positive informal characters,

0:27:20.480 --> 0:27:24.760
<v Speaker 1>is that they help people feel better after a tragic event.

0:27:25.359 --> 0:27:29.240
<v Speaker 1>On the topic of linking kumaman to pre existing yokai,

0:27:29.280 --> 0:27:33.200
<v Speaker 1>here's the quote I wanted to discuss, Ochi writes quote.

0:27:33.640 --> 0:27:37.960
<v Speaker 1>During the COVID nineteen pandemic, yurukiara were again mobilized across

0:27:38.000 --> 0:27:42.280
<v Speaker 1>the linguistic landscape, appearing on public notices and backdrops for

0:27:42.400 --> 0:27:48.360
<v Speaker 1>televised official announcements. Kumaman occasionally appeared along with his Kumamoto

0:27:48.480 --> 0:27:54.800
<v Speaker 1>ancestor Amabi, a folkloric yokai spirit associated with pandemic relief

0:27:54.880 --> 0:27:58.680
<v Speaker 1>who was also widely used. So I had to learn

0:27:58.720 --> 0:28:01.480
<v Speaker 1>more about this Amabi, and I did so by consulting

0:28:01.560 --> 0:28:05.439
<v Speaker 1>the Book of Yokai by the folklorist Michael Dylan Foster.

0:28:05.560 --> 0:28:08.800
<v Speaker 1>I've talked about this book before on the show. He

0:28:09.080 --> 0:28:12.560
<v Speaker 1>is a scholar currently affiliated with UC Davis, and the

0:28:12.600 --> 0:28:15.760
<v Speaker 1>section on the Amabi I think it's from the expanded

0:28:15.840 --> 0:28:19.320
<v Speaker 1>recent edition of the book. So, according to Foster, the

0:28:19.440 --> 0:28:23.439
<v Speaker 1>earliest image we have of this yokai is printed on

0:28:24.240 --> 0:28:28.880
<v Speaker 1>a kowaraban broadsheet from the year eighteen forty six. Now

0:28:29.000 --> 0:28:34.280
<v Speaker 1>kowaraban means tile block printing, and it was a type

0:28:34.280 --> 0:28:39.000
<v Speaker 1>of media similar to a newspaper or a tabloid, considered

0:28:39.120 --> 0:28:43.520
<v Speaker 1>very ephemeral, so printed roughly on cheap paper, with the

0:28:43.600 --> 0:28:46.440
<v Speaker 1>idea that it would be read once and then tossed away.

0:28:47.240 --> 0:28:50.720
<v Speaker 1>And it was used in the Edo period for reporting

0:28:50.840 --> 0:28:54.880
<v Speaker 1>major news events and for reporting official announcements, but also

0:28:55.080 --> 0:28:59.959
<v Speaker 1>on scandals, rumors, and gossip, including things of a supernatural character.

0:29:00.480 --> 0:29:03.600
<v Speaker 1>So you might read about the effects of a recent typhoon,

0:29:04.040 --> 0:29:06.320
<v Speaker 1>you might read about the siege of a castle or

0:29:06.320 --> 0:29:09.080
<v Speaker 1>a murder in the city, but also you might read

0:29:09.120 --> 0:29:11.600
<v Speaker 1>about a ghost woman who turned into a giant spider.

0:29:11.960 --> 0:29:15.800
<v Speaker 3>Why not, I mean it's basically just an extension of

0:29:14.680 --> 0:29:18.440
<v Speaker 3>your rumor mill and your gossip columns, right, I don't

0:29:18.440 --> 0:29:20.000
<v Speaker 3>want to know what the ghost women are up to

0:29:20.040 --> 0:29:20.560
<v Speaker 3>around town.

0:29:20.880 --> 0:29:25.240
<v Speaker 1>Yes, So there is a particular eighteen forty six coorabon

0:29:26.000 --> 0:29:30.520
<v Speaker 1>preserved in the library of Kyoto University that includes both

0:29:30.520 --> 0:29:35.360
<v Speaker 1>a narrative and an illustration about a Kumamoto official's encounter

0:29:35.480 --> 0:29:38.840
<v Speaker 1>with a spirit from the ocean. So the text reads

0:29:38.880 --> 0:29:43.360
<v Speaker 1>as follows in translation, every night, something brightly lit would

0:29:43.360 --> 0:29:47.120
<v Speaker 1>appear in the sea of he Go. And that's off

0:29:47.160 --> 0:29:51.440
<v Speaker 1>of a present day Kumamoto Prefecture, when a local official

0:29:51.480 --> 0:29:54.280
<v Speaker 1>went out to take a look, something like what is

0:29:54.320 --> 0:29:57.720
<v Speaker 1>in the picture here appeared and said, I live in

0:29:57.800 --> 0:30:00.720
<v Speaker 1>the sea and am called a mobi. For the next

0:30:00.760 --> 0:30:04.560
<v Speaker 1>six years, there will be abundant harvests throughout the provinces,

0:30:05.000 --> 0:30:08.719
<v Speaker 1>but disease will spread. So make haste to copy an

0:30:08.760 --> 0:30:11.760
<v Speaker 1>image of me and show it to the people. So

0:30:11.960 --> 0:30:16.080
<v Speaker 1>saying it returned back into the sea, and Rob, I've

0:30:16.120 --> 0:30:20.080
<v Speaker 1>included here a photograph of this broadsheet, including the illustration.

0:30:20.280 --> 0:30:23.400
<v Speaker 1>So this is the first representation of the Amabi and

0:30:23.480 --> 0:30:26.720
<v Speaker 1>the text that showed up next to it. Now, I

0:30:26.840 --> 0:30:30.080
<v Speaker 1>was thinking, man, the face really reminds me of something,

0:30:30.120 --> 0:30:32.960
<v Speaker 1>but I was not able to figure out what it was. Rob,

0:30:33.000 --> 0:30:34.840
<v Speaker 1>in the notes, you figured out what it was it

0:30:34.880 --> 0:30:39.640
<v Speaker 1>was reminding me of. But the Amabi is a three

0:30:39.760 --> 0:30:43.840
<v Speaker 1>legged Avian mermaid. So it's got a bird's beak, a

0:30:44.280 --> 0:30:48.600
<v Speaker 1>diamond shaped eyes, though we can usually only see one

0:30:48.600 --> 0:30:50.840
<v Speaker 1>of its eyes because its head is turned in profile.

0:30:51.640 --> 0:30:55.520
<v Speaker 1>It's got long hair reaching down to her feet and

0:30:56.040 --> 0:30:57.760
<v Speaker 1>of which there are three. By the way, she has

0:30:57.800 --> 0:31:01.400
<v Speaker 1>three feet, three toes on each foot, and a body

0:31:01.520 --> 0:31:06.040
<v Speaker 1>covered in shingled rounded scales like a fish. But I

0:31:06.080 --> 0:31:08.320
<v Speaker 1>was trying to think, what does the face remind me of?

0:31:08.360 --> 0:31:10.680
<v Speaker 1>And you got it exactly What is it?

0:31:10.880 --> 0:31:12.520
<v Speaker 3>Oh man? I thought it was just me, But I

0:31:12.600 --> 0:31:17.720
<v Speaker 3>look at this creature and monstrous aspects of the creature aside,

0:31:18.040 --> 0:31:21.840
<v Speaker 3>I get strong Kathy vibe Kathy from your chemical newspaper

0:31:22.120 --> 0:31:22.920
<v Speaker 3>cartoon section.

0:31:23.400 --> 0:31:26.520
<v Speaker 1>Yes, it's Kathy. It's the combination of like the hair

0:31:26.640 --> 0:31:28.040
<v Speaker 1>and something about the eye.

0:31:28.120 --> 0:31:31.560
<v Speaker 3>It's yeah, like Kathy has like her eyes are depicted

0:31:32.200 --> 0:31:34.760
<v Speaker 3>like so close to each other they're touching. And then yeah,

0:31:34.800 --> 0:31:37.040
<v Speaker 3>the long hair and sort of the general shape of

0:31:37.120 --> 0:31:40.600
<v Speaker 3>Kathy is also present in this creature from the sea.

0:31:41.000 --> 0:31:45.120
<v Speaker 1>So the Amabi in this illustration is not fearsome, I

0:31:45.160 --> 0:31:48.920
<v Speaker 1>will say it. Instead, it looks strange, and I think

0:31:48.960 --> 0:31:51.760
<v Speaker 1>it is supposed to look strange, But it's closer to

0:31:51.840 --> 0:31:55.680
<v Speaker 1>cute than scary. Yes, I would agree, but again, the

0:31:55.720 --> 0:31:58.000
<v Speaker 1>details of the narrative. So off the coast of what

0:31:58.120 --> 0:32:01.040
<v Speaker 1>is now Kumamoto, people would see a bright light in

0:32:01.080 --> 0:32:03.600
<v Speaker 1>the darkness at night. An official goes out there to

0:32:03.600 --> 0:32:05.239
<v Speaker 1>figure out what it is. I guess he goes out

0:32:05.280 --> 0:32:08.240
<v Speaker 1>in a boat, though it doesn't say how he investigated.

0:32:08.280 --> 0:32:11.960
<v Speaker 1>I'm assuming I'm picturing a boat. Trip sees this three

0:32:12.040 --> 0:32:15.480
<v Speaker 1>legged avan mermaid with a beak. It says, I live

0:32:15.480 --> 0:32:18.080
<v Speaker 1>in the sea. I'm called a Mabi. You're gonna have

0:32:18.200 --> 0:32:21.200
<v Speaker 1>six years of good harvests, but you are also going

0:32:21.240 --> 0:32:24.680
<v Speaker 1>to have an epidemic of deadly disease. Share my picture

0:32:24.720 --> 0:32:28.280
<v Speaker 1>with people, and the implication that I read into it

0:32:28.280 --> 0:32:30.640
<v Speaker 1>here and I think this is what it is meant,

0:32:31.120 --> 0:32:34.720
<v Speaker 1>is that sharing the image will prevent the disease from spreading.

0:32:35.480 --> 0:32:39.400
<v Speaker 1>And then finally the yokai goes back underneath the waves. Now,

0:32:39.520 --> 0:32:42.360
<v Speaker 1>Foster writes that this is the first written record we

0:32:42.720 --> 0:32:45.959
<v Speaker 1>have of belief in the Amabi, but there is a

0:32:46.120 --> 0:32:50.000
<v Speaker 1>very similar being that slightly precedes it, called the Amabiko

0:32:50.240 --> 0:32:54.520
<v Speaker 1>or sometimes Amahiko, which appears in at least eleven documents

0:32:54.560 --> 0:32:58.280
<v Speaker 1>from the eighteen forties through the eighteen eighties, and Foster

0:32:58.360 --> 0:33:02.760
<v Speaker 1>cites a folklore scholar named Yumoto Koichi who argues that

0:33:02.800 --> 0:33:05.880
<v Speaker 1>these are actually the same creature and that Amabi is

0:33:05.920 --> 0:33:10.000
<v Speaker 1>simply a transcription error of the word amabiko that caught

0:33:10.040 --> 0:33:13.800
<v Speaker 1>on and then got copied done the line. So possibly

0:33:13.800 --> 0:33:16.800
<v Speaker 1>the same, possibly different, but in either case they're very

0:33:16.800 --> 0:33:20.000
<v Speaker 1>similar creatures. What's the deal with the amabiko? Some are

0:33:20.000 --> 0:33:22.320
<v Speaker 1>said to rise out of the sea, others appear in

0:33:22.360 --> 0:33:25.600
<v Speaker 1>the mountains, but they tend to give similar predictions and

0:33:25.720 --> 0:33:28.320
<v Speaker 1>warnings to what we heard in the first story. For example,

0:33:28.400 --> 0:33:31.600
<v Speaker 1>there's an eighteen forty four story of an amabiko that

0:33:31.640 --> 0:33:35.280
<v Speaker 1>appears in the Bay of Echigo and says disease is

0:33:35.320 --> 0:33:38.160
<v Speaker 1>going to spread and seven out of ten people in

0:33:38.240 --> 0:33:40.760
<v Speaker 1>Japan are going to die. But if you look at

0:33:40.760 --> 0:33:43.600
<v Speaker 1>a picture of me, you will be spared. And then

0:33:43.720 --> 0:33:47.320
<v Speaker 1>rob I've attached a picture of what the amabiko looks

0:33:47.360 --> 0:33:50.280
<v Speaker 1>like in this eighteen forty four document. Different kind of

0:33:50.360 --> 0:33:53.960
<v Speaker 1>look more like a three legged black octopus dolphin.

0:33:54.520 --> 0:33:58.160
<v Speaker 3>Yes, I think that's an accurate description. Yeah, totally different characters. Still,

0:33:58.160 --> 0:34:02.440
<v Speaker 3>I wouldn't say hmm, I wouldn't say fearsome. But if

0:34:02.520 --> 0:34:04.200
<v Speaker 3>I get a far more more of a I get

0:34:04.200 --> 0:34:07.880
<v Speaker 3>far more of a neutral vibe off of this guy.

0:34:07.920 --> 0:34:12.239
<v Speaker 3>I don't know for sure if he leans more benevolent

0:34:12.440 --> 0:34:16.240
<v Speaker 3>or benevolent Yeah, different, different sort of creature, but definitely

0:34:16.280 --> 0:34:19.359
<v Speaker 3>three legs. You know, the sort of snout is still there,

0:34:19.400 --> 0:34:21.600
<v Speaker 3>so I can see, I can see the lineage between

0:34:21.640 --> 0:34:22.680
<v Speaker 3>these two designs.

0:34:22.840 --> 0:34:26.320
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, ambiguous, Yeah.

0:34:25.560 --> 0:34:28.360
<v Speaker 3>But I mean by the according to the story, clearly

0:34:28.400 --> 0:34:32.760
<v Speaker 3>wants to help or wants to exploit an upcoming disaster

0:34:32.960 --> 0:34:35.520
<v Speaker 3>or fear of disaster into getting people to look at

0:34:35.520 --> 0:34:36.279
<v Speaker 3>pictures of him.

0:34:36.520 --> 0:34:39.759
<v Speaker 1>Right, So a pattern emerges between these stories. There will

0:34:39.760 --> 0:34:42.479
<v Speaker 1>be an epidemic, many will die, but if you see

0:34:42.480 --> 0:34:45.560
<v Speaker 1>a picture of me, you will live. So spread this

0:34:45.640 --> 0:34:49.240
<v Speaker 1>illustration far and wide. And it's funny because this reminds

0:34:49.280 --> 0:34:51.440
<v Speaker 1>me of stuff in the modern era, like those email

0:34:51.520 --> 0:34:54.120
<v Speaker 1>forwards you would get in the early two thousands that

0:34:54.160 --> 0:34:56.200
<v Speaker 1>are like, you know, you will see a ghost in

0:34:56.239 --> 0:34:58.520
<v Speaker 1>the mirror and die three days from now unless you

0:34:58.560 --> 0:35:00.000
<v Speaker 1>send this email to ten of your friends.

0:35:00.120 --> 0:35:03.640
<v Speaker 3>Ends. Yeah, because as far as I'm understanding, there's nothing

0:35:03.880 --> 0:35:06.960
<v Speaker 3>really informational in this image. It's not like study this,

0:35:08.280 --> 0:35:10.799
<v Speaker 3>you know, it's not like various big pieces of religious art,

0:35:10.880 --> 0:35:13.320
<v Speaker 3>you know, particularly I'm thinking of like Tibetan Buddhism where

0:35:13.719 --> 0:35:15.680
<v Speaker 3>or or also you see the examples of this in

0:35:16.280 --> 0:35:19.640
<v Speaker 3>Buddhism in Japan, where like a very complex piece has

0:35:19.680 --> 0:35:22.359
<v Speaker 3>a number of messages to convey to you about, say,

0:35:22.400 --> 0:35:24.920
<v Speaker 3>how to reach meditative states and so forth. This is

0:35:24.960 --> 0:35:28.440
<v Speaker 3>just a picture of very simple drawing of a strange creature,

0:35:28.719 --> 0:35:31.200
<v Speaker 3>and it's just it's more like, know that I exist,

0:35:31.280 --> 0:35:33.360
<v Speaker 3>see what I look like, and that will give you

0:35:33.400 --> 0:35:34.680
<v Speaker 3>an advantage against disease.

0:35:35.000 --> 0:35:37.640
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I don't think there's a lesson in how it looks.

0:35:37.680 --> 0:35:41.719
<v Speaker 1>I think it's just apotropeic magic's seeing me gives you

0:35:41.800 --> 0:35:44.280
<v Speaker 1>magical protection against the disease that's coming.

0:35:44.960 --> 0:35:47.520
<v Speaker 3>And you know that's this good news for the viewer, Right,

0:35:47.560 --> 0:35:48.719
<v Speaker 3>It's like, what do I have to do to get

0:35:48.719 --> 0:35:52.160
<v Speaker 3>this reduction? Look at a picture I'm in. Yeah, don't

0:35:52.160 --> 0:35:54.880
<v Speaker 3>even have to read anything. It's easy to do. But also,

0:35:54.960 --> 0:35:56.680
<v Speaker 3>if you want to help your friends, you better make

0:35:56.680 --> 0:35:59.200
<v Speaker 3>a copy of this picture or buy another copy of

0:35:59.239 --> 0:36:01.959
<v Speaker 3>the broadsheet show it to them. So it has great

0:36:02.000 --> 0:36:05.600
<v Speaker 3>mimetic power because it includes its own intrinsic motivation to

0:36:05.719 --> 0:36:06.439
<v Speaker 3>spread the meme.

0:36:07.040 --> 0:36:11.120
<v Speaker 1>Interesting now, according to Foster, the amabi and the Amabiko

0:36:11.280 --> 0:36:14.200
<v Speaker 1>are not even the only yokai that give these types

0:36:14.239 --> 0:36:18.040
<v Speaker 1>of warnings and offer protection through replication and spreading of

0:36:18.080 --> 0:36:21.160
<v Speaker 1>the image. He also cites a creature called the Kudabe,

0:36:21.280 --> 0:36:25.200
<v Speaker 1>which does pretty much the same thing. There's the Jingjahime,

0:36:25.560 --> 0:36:28.319
<v Speaker 1>which has the body of a fish and the head

0:36:28.320 --> 0:36:31.520
<v Speaker 1>of a woman, but with two horns. She predicts both

0:36:31.600 --> 0:36:34.000
<v Speaker 1>seven years of plenty, but also the spread of a

0:36:34.040 --> 0:36:37.400
<v Speaker 1>deadly disease, a named disease in this case called koori.

0:36:37.880 --> 0:36:39.840
<v Speaker 1>And if you draw her picture and share it with

0:36:39.880 --> 0:36:43.319
<v Speaker 1>everyone you know, they will be spared. There's another one

0:36:43.360 --> 0:36:46.759
<v Speaker 1>called the hime Uo, which is said in an Eddo

0:36:46.880 --> 0:36:49.680
<v Speaker 1>based tale to have emerged off the coast of the

0:36:49.719 --> 0:36:54.279
<v Speaker 1>island of Hirado. And interesting detail here, Foster writes, quote

0:36:54.560 --> 0:36:57.320
<v Speaker 1>Hirado might have been selected as the location for the

0:36:57.400 --> 0:37:01.200
<v Speaker 1>hime Uo because it was a distant, marginal location and

0:37:01.320 --> 0:37:05.440
<v Speaker 1>also a region historically associated with foreign ships and traders,

0:37:05.719 --> 0:37:09.560
<v Speaker 1>and thus a gateway for both prosperity and potential disease.

0:37:10.280 --> 0:37:10.799
<v Speaker 3>There you go.

0:37:11.400 --> 0:37:14.000
<v Speaker 1>So it's interesting that in the Edo period there are

0:37:14.080 --> 0:37:18.080
<v Speaker 1>lots of yokai with the power of prophecy, predicting the future,

0:37:18.719 --> 0:37:24.000
<v Speaker 1>often predicting disease, epidemics and plague, often predicting bounty or

0:37:24.040 --> 0:37:27.000
<v Speaker 1>both at the same time. And the image of this

0:37:27.120 --> 0:37:31.479
<v Speaker 1>creature can provide apotropaic immunity to anyone who lays eyes

0:37:31.520 --> 0:37:33.439
<v Speaker 1>on it, so you better copy it quickly and show

0:37:33.440 --> 0:37:36.600
<v Speaker 1>it to everyone you know. And these are categorized by

0:37:36.600 --> 0:37:42.160
<v Speaker 1>some scholars such as Eumoto Koichi as yoginju or prophecy beasts,

0:37:43.160 --> 0:37:45.959
<v Speaker 1>and Foster talks about the many different kinds of motivations

0:37:46.080 --> 0:37:48.719
<v Speaker 1>somebody might have to spread a story like this. On

0:37:48.760 --> 0:37:51.680
<v Speaker 1>one hand, it could just be a desire to excite

0:37:51.719 --> 0:37:53.799
<v Speaker 1>and entertain the reader, you know, it's kind of like

0:37:53.840 --> 0:37:57.919
<v Speaker 1>an interesting, entertaining story. In some cases, it could be

0:37:58.040 --> 0:38:02.120
<v Speaker 1>a simple desire to sell broadsheet. In some cases, it

0:38:02.120 --> 0:38:04.680
<v Speaker 1>could be a genuine desire to give people the hope

0:38:04.680 --> 0:38:08.160
<v Speaker 1>of protection in the face of frightening, uncontrollable forces like

0:38:08.239 --> 0:38:09.240
<v Speaker 1>infectious disease.

0:38:09.920 --> 0:38:11.680
<v Speaker 3>Oh, that's a great point, and it ties into what

0:38:11.719 --> 0:38:13.600
<v Speaker 3>we've been talking about too, Like a golden fish on

0:38:13.640 --> 0:38:16.360
<v Speaker 3>your roof is not going to actually protect you against fire,

0:38:16.840 --> 0:38:19.120
<v Speaker 3>but it gives you that sense of hope. It gives

0:38:19.160 --> 0:38:23.280
<v Speaker 3>you like this, this additional layer on top of knowledge

0:38:23.360 --> 0:38:28.120
<v Speaker 3>of preparation or statistics and so forth. Yeah, and you know,

0:38:28.120 --> 0:38:30.399
<v Speaker 3>I can see how that would apply to our Eurokiara

0:38:30.400 --> 0:38:32.600
<v Speaker 3>as well. You know, here's one of these cute creatures

0:38:32.600 --> 0:38:35.640
<v Speaker 3>giving me information, giving me helpful advice. But there is

0:38:35.960 --> 0:38:39.640
<v Speaker 3>an optimism to it. There's a hope intrinsic in the

0:38:39.680 --> 0:38:42.160
<v Speaker 3>design of the creature that is giving me this.

0:38:42.160 --> 0:38:45.680
<v Speaker 1>Information exactly right, And that in fact brings us back

0:38:45.719 --> 0:38:50.920
<v Speaker 1>to the Amabi's appearance during the COVID pandemic. So before

0:38:50.960 --> 0:38:55.880
<v Speaker 1>twenty twenty, the Amabi was a relatively obscure okai foster

0:38:56.000 --> 0:38:57.719
<v Speaker 1>it says, you know, it probably would have only been

0:38:57.719 --> 0:39:00.759
<v Speaker 1>known to like certain types of historians or or you know,

0:39:00.800 --> 0:39:04.879
<v Speaker 1>like real hobbyists or obsessives, though it did appear in

0:39:04.920 --> 0:39:08.840
<v Speaker 1>some work by the manga artist Mazuki Shageru in the

0:39:08.920 --> 0:39:13.520
<v Speaker 1>nineteen eighties. But after news of COVID nineteen first began

0:39:13.560 --> 0:39:16.840
<v Speaker 1>to spread in early twenty twenty, the image of the

0:39:16.840 --> 0:39:21.920
<v Speaker 1>Amabi surged in popularity on the Internet. Foster mentions several

0:39:22.000 --> 0:39:24.840
<v Speaker 1>posts on Twitter from February and even one at the

0:39:24.920 --> 0:39:28.239
<v Speaker 1>end of January twenty twenty that included renderings of the

0:39:28.280 --> 0:39:32.160
<v Speaker 1>Amabi communicated the lore that we've just talked about, and

0:39:32.600 --> 0:39:37.000
<v Speaker 1>I think jokingly encouraged the proliferation of its image as

0:39:37.000 --> 0:39:41.160
<v Speaker 1>a protective measure against infection. And while it's pretty clear

0:39:41.160 --> 0:39:43.520
<v Speaker 1>to me that most of these posts had a spirit

0:39:43.560 --> 0:39:45.760
<v Speaker 1>of irony about them, like the use of the amabi

0:39:45.840 --> 0:39:49.760
<v Speaker 1>was sort of meant as kidding, the amabi really caught

0:39:49.760 --> 0:39:54.120
<v Speaker 1>on as a symbol of defense and vigilance against the virus,

0:39:54.520 --> 0:39:58.960
<v Speaker 1>both virtually and in physical media and consumer culture. So

0:39:59.040 --> 0:40:02.280
<v Speaker 1>there was like a vib roll Twitter hashtag called Amabi

0:40:02.400 --> 0:40:07.120
<v Speaker 1>Challenge where people posted alongside they posted the hashtag along

0:40:07.160 --> 0:40:11.280
<v Speaker 1>with like images of homemade renderings of the mer bird,

0:40:12.160 --> 0:40:16.120
<v Speaker 1>and the amabi imagery was also used on all kinds

0:40:16.120 --> 0:40:19.440
<v Speaker 1>of products, from like keychains, t shirts, tote bags, to

0:40:19.640 --> 0:40:23.799
<v Speaker 1>rice crackers and beer. There were actual invocations of the

0:40:23.840 --> 0:40:28.360
<v Speaker 1>amabi in public religious rituals and prayers. And then eventually

0:40:28.400 --> 0:40:32.200
<v Speaker 1>the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare officially produced

0:40:32.239 --> 0:40:36.640
<v Speaker 1>an amabi logo warning people that they could spread COVID

0:40:36.680 --> 0:40:41.000
<v Speaker 1>nineteen without realizing it and advising people to take measures

0:40:41.040 --> 0:40:41.960
<v Speaker 1>to limit exposure.

0:40:42.320 --> 0:40:46.040
<v Speaker 3>Ah and you included this poster art for me here

0:40:46.080 --> 0:40:48.399
<v Speaker 3>in our outline, and I believe I did, in fact

0:40:48.440 --> 0:40:51.399
<v Speaker 3>see this during my travels in Japan, So either they're

0:40:51.400 --> 0:40:53.759
<v Speaker 3>still putting them up, or there's still you know, there's

0:40:53.760 --> 0:40:56.360
<v Speaker 3>still some out there that haven't been digging down, or

0:40:56.440 --> 0:40:59.440
<v Speaker 3>people keep putting them up. Yeah, because again that's kind

0:40:59.480 --> 0:41:01.800
<v Speaker 3>of the that's what you're encouraged to do with the amami.

0:41:02.040 --> 0:41:06.640
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. So I think it's interesting connecting this back to

0:41:06.719 --> 0:41:10.400
<v Speaker 1>the urukyara we were talking about, because both the amabi

0:41:10.880 --> 0:41:15.040
<v Speaker 1>and kumaman were in some cases used in top down

0:41:15.080 --> 0:41:19.239
<v Speaker 1>public health messaging and in bottom up cultural processing of

0:41:19.320 --> 0:41:22.400
<v Speaker 1>events during the COVID pandemic. And I wonder if this

0:41:22.480 --> 0:41:26.040
<v Speaker 1>tells us anything about the broader role filled by urukiara

0:41:26.640 --> 0:41:30.200
<v Speaker 1>and how that relates to this yokai. I want to

0:41:30.200 --> 0:41:33.360
<v Speaker 1>read a passage from Foster here. Foster writes, quote, the

0:41:33.400 --> 0:41:38.440
<v Speaker 1>Amabi's sudden rise exemplifies the eloquent adaptability of yokai, with

0:41:38.560 --> 0:41:42.319
<v Speaker 1>perfect ease and no contradiction. The Amabi straddles life and

0:41:42.400 --> 0:41:46.840
<v Speaker 1>death concerns like COVID nineteen and lighthearted fun T shirts

0:41:46.880 --> 0:41:52.239
<v Speaker 1>and beer, vernacular creativity, individuals circulating their own versions, and

0:41:52.560 --> 0:41:58.000
<v Speaker 1>institutional promotion, a government icon, heartfelt belief in religious ceremonies,

0:41:58.360 --> 0:42:03.400
<v Speaker 1>and rampant commodification. In charms and key chains. So he

0:42:03.520 --> 0:42:06.319
<v Speaker 1>notes that this kind of goes along with the fact

0:42:06.320 --> 0:42:10.640
<v Speaker 1>that beliefs about yokai seem to thrive in the context

0:42:10.680 --> 0:42:14.439
<v Speaker 1>of uncertainty as like a way of coping with mysterious

0:42:14.480 --> 0:42:18.120
<v Speaker 1>threats and questions that can't be answered or can't yet

0:42:18.160 --> 0:42:21.000
<v Speaker 1>be answered. I think we can all recall those like

0:42:21.120 --> 0:42:23.279
<v Speaker 1>early months of the pandemic when there was just like

0:42:23.360 --> 0:42:26.080
<v Speaker 1>so much uncertainty and we just didn't you know, there

0:42:26.120 --> 0:42:29.040
<v Speaker 1>was just like so much not knowing what to do,

0:42:29.680 --> 0:42:34.120
<v Speaker 1>And so the beliefs of this kind sort of provide

0:42:34.160 --> 0:42:37.960
<v Speaker 1>people a sense of control in some way. And while

0:42:38.000 --> 0:42:42.960
<v Speaker 1>the traditional apotropaic use of the amabi image may have

0:42:43.040 --> 0:42:47.320
<v Speaker 1>been interpreted as like literally efficacious in protecting against disease

0:42:47.440 --> 0:42:50.080
<v Speaker 1>back in the day, the way I'm reading it is

0:42:50.120 --> 0:42:52.239
<v Speaker 1>that I think the majority of the use in the

0:42:52.280 --> 0:42:56.560
<v Speaker 1>early months of twenty twenty was more playful and symbolic.

0:42:56.800 --> 0:42:59.320
<v Speaker 1>Not that most people sharing it thought that it would

0:42:59.360 --> 0:43:04.239
<v Speaker 1>literally mechanistically prevent the virus from entering and infecting their tissues,

0:43:04.840 --> 0:43:09.080
<v Speaker 1>but that it actually would do something, because of course,

0:43:09.160 --> 0:43:11.800
<v Speaker 1>on one hand, would provide a type of psychological comfort

0:43:11.840 --> 0:43:15.799
<v Speaker 1>and that feeling of control over an uncontrollable situation, but

0:43:16.000 --> 0:43:20.920
<v Speaker 1>also that by spreading the image of the okai you

0:43:21.000 --> 0:43:25.160
<v Speaker 1>were increasing front of mind public consciousness of the virus,

0:43:25.200 --> 0:43:28.200
<v Speaker 1>which meant people would be more likely to take actual

0:43:28.440 --> 0:43:32.160
<v Speaker 1>direct steps to limit contagion. And it strikes me that

0:43:33.120 --> 0:43:36.960
<v Speaker 1>apart from messaging about the pandemic, urukiara like kumaman have

0:43:37.040 --> 0:43:39.799
<v Speaker 1>a similar dual function. There's like, on one hand, you

0:43:39.840 --> 0:43:42.600
<v Speaker 1>have emotional comfort, and then on the other hand you

0:43:42.680 --> 0:43:47.960
<v Speaker 1>have information consciousness, and that could mean either spreading information directly,

0:43:48.080 --> 0:43:51.239
<v Speaker 1>like telling you something you don't know, or increasing the

0:43:51.360 --> 0:43:55.000
<v Speaker 1>salience of information you already have making you think about what.

0:43:54.960 --> 0:43:57.920
<v Speaker 3>You do know. Yeah, I mean it's enough to if

0:43:57.960 --> 0:44:00.400
<v Speaker 3>you wanted to go all ancient astronauts on this, you

0:44:00.440 --> 0:44:04.400
<v Speaker 3>could say that Amabe was an actual visitor from space

0:44:04.520 --> 0:44:10.239
<v Speaker 3>and or the ocean that realize that that the information

0:44:10.480 --> 0:44:14.319
<v Speaker 3>is one of the key tools you can use against pandemics,

0:44:14.560 --> 0:44:16.719
<v Speaker 3>and was like, hey, start spreading images of me in

0:44:16.760 --> 0:44:19.319
<v Speaker 3>response to illness. It's not going to really pay off

0:44:19.360 --> 0:44:22.239
<v Speaker 3>right away, but there will come a time where this

0:44:22.280 --> 0:44:26.160
<v Speaker 3>could make some small difference. But anyway, obviously I love this,

0:44:26.160 --> 0:44:30.120
<v Speaker 3>this idea that you know, these various eurok Era much

0:44:30.200 --> 0:44:32.759
<v Speaker 3>like these older forms. You know that again they have

0:44:32.840 --> 0:44:36.960
<v Speaker 3>the information, they also have this emotional comfort like you've

0:44:36.960 --> 0:44:40.360
<v Speaker 3>been discussing that brings with it, you know, sort of

0:44:40.400 --> 0:44:43.920
<v Speaker 3>cuteness and hope all sort of tied together in a package.

0:44:44.480 --> 0:44:46.600
<v Speaker 3>And I wish there was more of this in the world,

0:44:46.680 --> 0:44:50.240
<v Speaker 3>you know, because aside from messaging aimed directly at children,

0:44:50.280 --> 0:44:53.040
<v Speaker 3>I feel like so much of the more serious messaging

0:44:53.080 --> 0:44:55.080
<v Speaker 3>out there, at least in the US, is is just

0:44:55.120 --> 0:44:57.359
<v Speaker 3>purely fear based, or at least that's how it often

0:44:57.360 --> 0:45:00.480
<v Speaker 3>feels to me. You know. Sometimes there's this layer of

0:45:00.520 --> 0:45:02.840
<v Speaker 3>hope to it, or an image of like a smiling

0:45:02.840 --> 0:45:06.000
<v Speaker 3>adult where it's like, oh, this is what happiness looks like,

0:45:06.040 --> 0:45:08.600
<v Speaker 3>this is what this is what protection looks like, or

0:45:08.600 --> 0:45:11.760
<v Speaker 3>so forth, or or you know, the hope is wrapped

0:45:11.840 --> 0:45:13.760
<v Speaker 3>up in the purchase of something that's going to protect

0:45:13.760 --> 0:45:16.080
<v Speaker 3>you from the scary thing. And I don't know, I

0:45:16.120 --> 0:45:19.160
<v Speaker 3>would rather live in a culture of cuteness and hope

0:45:19.360 --> 0:45:22.920
<v Speaker 3>than a culture of fear. I feel like we could, overall,

0:45:23.000 --> 0:45:25.080
<v Speaker 3>we could all push things a little more towards hope

0:45:25.120 --> 0:45:27.880
<v Speaker 3>and cuteness and away from just the pure fear. I mean,

0:45:27.920 --> 0:45:30.040
<v Speaker 3>the fear is always going to be there. The cuteness

0:45:30.040 --> 0:45:32.960
<v Speaker 3>and the hope doesn't erase that fear, but you know,

0:45:33.160 --> 0:45:36.000
<v Speaker 3>it makes it feel a little like if your experience

0:45:36.120 --> 0:45:39.520
<v Speaker 3>going to the subway is less like, don't you dare

0:45:39.560 --> 0:45:41.800
<v Speaker 3>get near the gap because you'll be torn in half?

0:45:41.840 --> 0:45:46.439
<v Speaker 3>You know, less shake hands with danger and more rukiara. Sorry,

0:45:46.480 --> 0:45:47.560
<v Speaker 3>it's a bit of a rant there.

0:45:48.960 --> 0:45:51.840
<v Speaker 1>Oh yeah, I see. There's a difference between taking proper

0:45:51.920 --> 0:45:55.000
<v Speaker 1>precautions and wallowing in fear.

0:45:55.160 --> 0:45:58.880
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, yeah, and realizing that that kind of messaging, that

0:45:59.040 --> 0:46:02.920
<v Speaker 3>sort of leveling of the message can apply to everybody

0:46:02.920 --> 0:46:04.640
<v Speaker 3>and not just children, you know, and you can do

0:46:04.680 --> 0:46:07.560
<v Speaker 3>it in a way that's also not you know, sugarcoating anything.

0:46:07.680 --> 0:46:09.200
<v Speaker 3>Or maybe you are sugarcoating it a little bit, but

0:46:09.239 --> 0:46:10.400
<v Speaker 3>they're still medicine in the middle.

0:46:10.760 --> 0:46:12.799
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, all right.

0:46:12.719 --> 0:46:14.440
<v Speaker 3>We're gonna go ahead and close out this episode, but

0:46:14.440 --> 0:46:16.719
<v Speaker 3>we'd love to hear from everyone out there. What are

0:46:16.800 --> 0:46:21.920
<v Speaker 3>your experiences with Yurukiara, with the lax mascots, what are

0:46:21.960 --> 0:46:25.160
<v Speaker 3>your favorites? Write in because we'd love to hear from you.

0:46:25.600 --> 0:46:27.239
<v Speaker 3>Just a reminder that Stuff to Blow your Mind is

0:46:27.280 --> 0:46:30.040
<v Speaker 3>primarily a science and culture podcast with Core episodes and

0:46:30.080 --> 0:46:33.840
<v Speaker 3>Tuesdays and Thursdays. On Wednesdays we do a short form episode.

0:46:33.920 --> 0:46:37.040
<v Speaker 3>On Fridays we do Weird House Cinema. You can get

0:46:37.080 --> 0:46:38.680
<v Speaker 3>all of this in the Stuff to Blow Your Mind

0:46:38.719 --> 0:46:39.760
<v Speaker 3>podcast feed.

0:46:39.920 --> 0:46:43.600
<v Speaker 1>Huge thanks as always to our excellent audio producer JJ Posway.

0:46:43.960 --> 0:46:45.560
<v Speaker 1>If you would like to get in touch with us

0:46:45.560 --> 0:46:48.080
<v Speaker 1>with feedback on this episode or any other, to suggest

0:46:48.080 --> 0:46:50.160
<v Speaker 1>a topic for the future, or just to say hello,

0:46:50.280 --> 0:46:52.839
<v Speaker 1>you can email us at contact at stuff to Blow

0:46:52.840 --> 0:47:01.120
<v Speaker 1>your Mind dot com.

0:47:01.280 --> 0:47:04.239
<v Speaker 2>Stuff to Blow Your Mind is production of iHeartRadio. For

0:47:04.320 --> 0:47:08.120
<v Speaker 2>more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts,

0:47:08.200 --> 0:47:24.879
<v Speaker 2>or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.