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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio.

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Speaker 2: Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh, and there's Chuck,

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Speaker 2: and Jerry's here, too. And this is time for your

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Speaker 2: anatomy lesson, so sit down and shut up.

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Speaker 3: Oh, man.

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Speaker 4: Teachers of the days of old.

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Speaker 2: For real. I've got my yardstick.

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Speaker 3: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: I've got my necklace of garlic. All the stuff the

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Speaker 2: teachers used to have.

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Speaker 4: You got your dunce cap?

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Speaker 2: Yeah. I can't imagine that, wearing that. Like, how humiliating.

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Speaker 4: Agreed.

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Speaker 2: Speaking of humiliating in school, I have a quick anecdote.

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Speaker 2: When I was in second grade, I went to a

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Speaker 2: Catholic school and there was a woman who taught. She

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Speaker 2: was not a nun. She was a civilian. And she

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Speaker 2: would look in your desk. You know, you had those

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Speaker 2: desks that like the top would open. You kept your

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Speaker 2: stuff inside. Yeah. Okay. So she would go and look

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Speaker 2: through people's desks, kids' desks, while we were at recess.

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Speaker 2: And then when we came back in, she'd walk slowly

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Speaker 2: up and down the aisles. And then she would stop

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Speaker 2: at whoever's desk she found messiest. She'd tell them to

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Speaker 2: get up. She'd dump their desk over onto the floor

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Speaker 2: and tell them to clean it up because it wasn't organized.

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Speaker 3: Wow.

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Speaker 2: And then they had to do that. And then she'd

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Speaker 2: just start the lesson.

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Speaker 4: Did you ever get the treatment?

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Speaker 2: I don't know. If I did, it was so traumatic

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Speaker 2: I blocked it out. But I don't remember ever getting it.

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Speaker 2: But it was like, it was one of those things

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Speaker 2: where you just, like, it made the whole class feel

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Speaker 2: awful for that person. You know what I mean?

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Speaker 4: Yeah. Oh, my God. That's terrible.

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Speaker 2: So, suffice to say, I ended up in public school

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Speaker 2: starting in third grade. Oh.

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Speaker 4: Well, good for you.

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Speaker 2: So, anyway, on to the heart, right?

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Speaker 4: That's right. We're talking about the human heart.

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Speaker 2: I have a question for you.

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Speaker 3: Mm-hmm. Chuck.

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Speaker 2: Chuck. Have you ever held a beating human heart in

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Speaker 2: your hand?

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Speaker 1: I have not, but I got to say like reading

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Speaker 1: over this stuff and studying this made me feel.

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Speaker 4: Good in a way and bad in a way. Like

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Speaker 4: good that.

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Speaker 1: There's such a genius thing as the human heart, but

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Speaker 1: kind of scared in a way that like everything revolves

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Speaker 1: around this little fist-sized pump. working really, really hard for many,

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Speaker 1: many decades.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, for a long time. I mean, what is it,

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Speaker 2: like 40 million beats a year?

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Speaker 4: Something like that. I mean, we got those stats.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and I mean, like, there's a lot of work. Well, yeah,

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Speaker 2: I think we'll cover it at some point, but there's

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Speaker 2: a lot of work that goes into your heart beating.

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Speaker 2: But I mean, man, it's pretty vital. If the heart

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Speaker 2: shuts down, the whole body goes, basically.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, and is the heart, is it the only thing

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Speaker 1: in your body that's like, moving. Like I know blood

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Speaker 1: moves and cells and things, but it's the only thing

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Speaker 1: that has real movement, right? Well, I guess your lungs

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Speaker 1: move when you breathe in and out.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, but yeah.

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Speaker 4: But that's not even the same.

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Speaker 2: It seems a little different. Like moves on its own,

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Speaker 2: I guess, is what you're saying, right? Yeah.

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Speaker 4: Just, I don't know. The design seems like a design flaw.

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Speaker 2: That it has to move?

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Speaker 1: No, just like here's your whole body.

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Speaker 4: You got everything. This does this, this does that.

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Speaker 1: And the thing that operates it all is this little

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Speaker 1: thing in the middle that is supposed to beat with

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Speaker 1: great regularity.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, but it does. And it's amazing. And we are

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Speaker 2: going to explain today how it works because I did

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Speaker 2: not know how it worked. And now that we've done

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Speaker 2: this research, I'm like, I understand how the heart works.

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Speaker 2: And it's actually not that complicated, really, even though it

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Speaker 2: is pretty much miraculous.

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Speaker 1: No.

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Speaker 4: And, you know, at the end of the day, it

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Speaker 4: is just a little pump.

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Speaker 1: And like any pump that you buy or use, like,

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Speaker 1: you know, pumps work continuously if they're plugged in or whatever.

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Speaker 1: And they can break down. They can get clogged up

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Speaker 1: and they can need repair. And the heart is really

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Speaker 1: literally no different.

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Speaker 2: Yes. And it can, like you said, it does need repair.

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Speaker 2: In fact, heart disease... is I think the leading cause

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Speaker 2: of death in the U.S. We talked about that in

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Speaker 2: the cancer episode, I think.

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Speaker 4: Yeah, it still is.

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Speaker 2: The stat I found is that 2,500 Americans die of

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Speaker 2: heart disease each day. That's a death every 34 seconds.

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Speaker 2: And it sounds much smaller, but proportionately, I think these

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Speaker 2: are on par. In the U.K., 170 people die a

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Speaker 2: day of heart disease. In Australia, it's 120. And in Canada,

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Speaker 2: it's 288. So.

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Speaker 2: That's a lot of people. But weirdly, the death rate,

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Speaker 2: I don't want to say weirdly, the death rate from

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Speaker 2: heart attacks has gone down. And you're like, well, great.

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Speaker 2: Americans are getting healthier. No, that's not true at all.

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Speaker 2: It's just that we've gotten better at life-saving technology and techniques.

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Speaker 2: And so we're able to save people from dying from

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Speaker 2: a heart attack more easily. But there's more people that

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Speaker 2: live with chronic heart conditions after they're saved from dying

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Speaker 2: from their heart attack than there used to be.

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Speaker 4: Yeah, for sure.

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Speaker 1: And, you know, the one piece of non-medical advice concerning

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Speaker 1: this I will give is, you know, like once you

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Speaker 1: get into your 40s, I'm a big believer in just

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Speaker 1: knowing stuff and preemptive measures. I recommend people go in

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Speaker 1: earlier than you think you should for a heart screening,

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Speaker 1: even if you're in great shape, just to see what's

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Speaker 1: going on in there, see how you're doing, because there

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Speaker 1: are far too many stories of people that were like,

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Speaker 1: I thought it was in great shape. And then I

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Speaker 1: had the widow maker and I didn't know I had

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Speaker 1: plaque blockage. I had a friend I went to college

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Speaker 1: with that was like, I feel funny. I think I

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Speaker 1: should drive myself to the emergency room. And which was great,

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Speaker 1: but like got there and died in the parking lot

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Speaker 1: of the hospital.

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Speaker 4: So you hear brutal stories like that.

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Speaker 1: So That stuff can happen and not to scare anyone,

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Speaker 1: but like, you know, get some preemptive tests done just

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Speaker 1: to kind of see where you're at is my advice.

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Speaker 2: I got tests done. It wasn't preemptive. I was actually

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Speaker 2: scared to death. My dad has AFib. So I've heard

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Speaker 2: that if that runs in your family, it's very likely

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Speaker 2: that you're going to develop AFib.

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Speaker 4: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: And I had started to get like fluttering, like palpitations.

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Speaker 2: Like I felt like my heart was doing a somersault

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Speaker 2: once in a while. So I was like, man. I

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Speaker 2: sent myself in. I got a full workup from a

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Speaker 2: cardiologist for two weeks. Got the x-ray, had the telemetry,

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Speaker 2: all that stuff. And when I went in for my results,

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Speaker 2: he was like, there's nothing wrong with your heart. He said,

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Speaker 2: I don't even see anything coming down the pike to

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Speaker 2: be worried about. And I was, I almost started crying.

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Speaker 2: I was so relieved. And I went back to smoking

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Speaker 2: after that.

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Speaker 4: No, you didn't.

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Speaker 2: No, I didn't.

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Speaker 4: The world breathed a sigh of relief. Oh, you did

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Speaker 4: go back to smoking?

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Speaker 2: No, no. I said no, I didn't.

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Speaker 4: Oh, okay.

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Speaker 1: I thought this one might have been like a long

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Speaker 1: time ago. But yes, everybody on planet Earth was relieved

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Speaker 1: to hear that. That's so sweet. I did the same

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Speaker 1: thing and got my arterial score. And this was back

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Speaker 1: when I was in much, much worse shape. And it

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Speaker 1: was lower. And I think I've even said this before.

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Speaker 1: The doctor, I'm not sure if it made me feel

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Speaker 1: better or not. He was like, Frankly, I thought it

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Speaker 1: would be higher. But it wasn't zero, which isn't great.

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Speaker 1: But since then, things are going better. So hopefully I've

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Speaker 1: at least staved off that kind of thing for a.

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Speaker 4: Little while longer.

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Speaker 2: That's great, man. It feels good, doesn't it? Yeah.

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Speaker 4: I mean, we all want to live, right?

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Speaker 2: Yeah, pretty much. I would say the vast majority.

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Speaker 4: All right.

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Speaker 1: So let's talk about the heart itself as a physical object.

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Speaker 4: It is hollow.

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Speaker 1: And it is cone-shaped, and I think most people know this.

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Speaker 1: It's a muscle, and it's between the lungs and behind

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Speaker 1: the sternum, about two-thirds of which is on the left

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Speaker 1: side of your body's midline and about a third to

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Speaker 1: the right with the apex, that little pointy end, pointing

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Speaker 1: down and to the left.

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Speaker 2: Down and to the left.

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Speaker 4: I knew you were going to say that.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I've always heard you make a fist, and it's

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Speaker 2: actually about the size of your heart. I've heard your

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Speaker 2: fist is relative to your heart size.

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Speaker 3: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: Anyway, you put it in the middle of your chest

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Speaker 2: and tilt it to your left, and that's basically right

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Speaker 2: over your heart right then. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: That apex is about five inches long, about three and

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Speaker 1: a half inches wide, two and a half inches from

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Speaker 1: front to back, which makes it relatively fist size. And

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Speaker 1: a man's heart is generally bigger at about 10.5 ounces

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Speaker 1: compared to the average woman's heart, which is about nine

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Speaker 1: ounces long. And like I said, I think it's a

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Speaker 1: small thing. It's 0.5% of your total body weight. So

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Speaker 1: a lot is riding on that little fist-sized dude.

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Speaker 2: For sure. It's got three layers. I mean, we're describing

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Speaker 2: like one of the most, one of like the top layers.

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Speaker 2: Organs in your body.

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Speaker 4: One of the best inventions.

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Speaker 3: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: Relatively small, relatively simple. It's got only three layers. The

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Speaker 2: first layer, the smooth inside lining of the heart or

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Speaker 2: the Billy Dee Williams layer is called the endocardium.

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Speaker 4: That's right.

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Speaker 2: The middle layer is called the mitocardium or the Jan

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Speaker 2: Brady layer. And then there's a fluid filled sack that

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Speaker 2: surrounds it. It's called the pericardium or the jiggly poo. Right.

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Speaker 4: How long did you spend on that?

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Speaker 2: It just came out of me, but it's written down

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Speaker 2: for sure. It's not off the cuff.

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Speaker 4: Okay, I got you.

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Speaker 1: So there are four chambers to the heart. You have

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Speaker 1: the right atrium. And what we're describing here is literally

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Speaker 1: the function of the heart. So the right atrium is

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Speaker 1: the starting point, and that's when you have... oxygen, poor

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Speaker 1: blood that your body has used up that arrives to

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Speaker 1: the little recycling plant.

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Speaker 4: Yep.

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Speaker 2: You've got the right ventricle that's below the atrium, and

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Speaker 2: that's where that oxygen-poor blood gets pumped out to your

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Speaker 2: lungs to go get re-enriched, right?

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Speaker 4: That's right.

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Speaker 2: And then let's talk about the left atrium, Chuck.

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Speaker 4: That's right.

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Speaker 1: That's where the lungs deliver that good blood, that oxygenated

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Speaker 1: blood back to the heart and then bring us home, baby.

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Speaker 2: You've got the left ventricle below the left atrium, and

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Speaker 2: that's where the oxygen-rich blood gets pumped back out to

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Speaker 2: the body for use, right? The left ventricle is far

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Speaker 2: and away the biggest of them because it's really got

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Speaker 2: to work to pump. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: So that left side handles the oxygen-rich blood, right side

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Speaker 1: the oxygen-poor blood. And it's just with the heart and

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Speaker 1: the lungs, it's just a little mini recycling center in

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Speaker 1: your body.

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Speaker 4: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: Another thing to remember is the atria is incoming. The

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Speaker 2: ventricles is outgoing. That's it.

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Speaker 4: That's right. And these chambers work by way of one-way valves.

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Speaker 4: At the exits.

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Speaker 1: And that's to keep blood from going back the other way.

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Speaker 1: So that chamber is going to contract. The valve at

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Speaker 1: that exit is going to open up. And when it's

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Speaker 1: done contracting, that valve is going to close because reentry

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Speaker 1: is not allowed.

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Speaker 3: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: It's like a backflow preventer on your irrigation system.

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Speaker 3: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: So like I said, the left ventricle, it's thicker, it's bigger,

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Speaker 2: I think. And it's because it's responsible for getting that

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Speaker 2: blood out there to your body. And it's got to

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Speaker 2: overcome your general blood pressure to really get it moving, right?

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Speaker 4: That's right.

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Speaker 2: So I feel like we can just kind of describe

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Speaker 2: what happens with the heartbeat, right? Because everybody says it's

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Speaker 2: like lub-dub, lub-dub, right?

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Speaker 3: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: What I thought is that that's the sound of the

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Speaker 2: heart contracting. That's not the case. The lub and the

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Speaker 2: dub are the sounds of those one-way valves closing when

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Speaker 2: one of the sets of either atria or ventricles is

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Speaker 2: opening and closing, right?

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Speaker 3: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: So I took some peyote last night to have a

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Speaker 2: vision quest to figure out how to best describe this.

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Speaker 2: And I'd like to share what I came up with.

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Speaker 4: Yeah, let's hear it.

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Speaker 2: So this talking coyote explained it to me as you

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Speaker 2: take two fists, right? You put one on top of

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Speaker 2: the other. OK, you open the top and what's going on?

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Speaker 2: The blood, whether it's oxygen rich or oxygen poor, is

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Speaker 2: flowing into the atria. That's in diastole. That's that relaxed state.

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Speaker 2: If you look at your bottom fist, it's still a fist.

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Speaker 2: So what's happening is that your ventricles are contracting. So

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Speaker 2: while the blood's flowing into the atria, the ventricles are

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Speaker 2: pushing oxygen poor and oxygen rich blood out either to

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Speaker 2: the lungs or the rest of the body. Now do

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Speaker 2: the opposite. Your top makes a fist and your bottom

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Speaker 2: opens up. And what just happened is those atria pumped

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Speaker 2: that blood into your ventricles and then do it again.

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Speaker 2: And your ventricles are now pumping that blood out. You

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Speaker 2: got lubbed up, lubbed up, lubbed up. It's really fun

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Speaker 2: to do a bunch. And that's what your heart does.

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Speaker 4: Yeah, a bunch. We mentioned the stats.

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Speaker 1: It's about 72 times a minute is the average heartbeat

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Speaker 1: at rest, obviously. And throughout a day, that means about

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Speaker 1: 100,000 beats. In a year, that's about 38 million beats.

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Speaker 1: And if you are lucky enough to reach the youngish

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Speaker 1: age of 70, on average, we're talking about two and

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Speaker 1: a half million beats laid down by the master DJ

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Speaker 1: there in the center of your chest.

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Speaker 2: That is really impressive, man.

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Speaker 3: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: Did you know also those beats are not steady over

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Speaker 2: your lifetime? That it actually speeds up and then slows down?

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Speaker 2: The younger you are?

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Speaker 4: I did.

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Speaker 1: It looks like it maxes out at three months old

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Speaker 1: at 140. That's after about 130 beats per minute as

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Speaker 1: a newborn. Then it goes up to the 140. Then

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Speaker 1: at six months, settles back to 130. And your body goes, oh,

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Speaker 1: am I newborn again? And then from years one to 12,

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Speaker 1: it goes from 120 to 115, steadies out at 100

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Speaker 1: for years three, four.

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Speaker 4: I'm sorry.

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Speaker 3: Yeah.

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Speaker 4: Three years, four years. And then six years, did we

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Speaker 4: skip five years?

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Speaker 2: Yeah, it doesn't matter.

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Speaker 4: Okay. You're eight. When you're a little eight-year-old, it drops

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Speaker 4: down to 90.

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Speaker 1: And at 12, when you truly don't care about what's

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Speaker 1: going on in the world, it's all the way down

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Speaker 1: to 85.

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Speaker 4: And you can tell.

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Speaker 1: And then in your adult years, about 60 to 100

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Speaker 1: beats per minute, depending on what's going on.

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Speaker 3: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: And I said, why? And it turns out it's because

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Speaker 2: The little hearts of babies and younger kids proportionate to

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Speaker 2: their body are smaller than the adult heart is to

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Speaker 2: an adult body. And so they have to pump more

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Speaker 2: often to get that blood out as they're growing. And

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Speaker 2: they also have higher metabolism, too.

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Speaker 1: Well, that means a baby fist is like proportionally like

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Speaker 1: the heart is smaller than a baby's fist, I guess, then, right?

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Speaker 2: Yes.

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Speaker 4: Amazing. All right. Should we take a break?

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Speaker 2: Yes.

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Speaker 4: All right. We'll be right back.

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Speaker 3: With Joshua and Charles, stuff you should know.

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Speaker 4: All right, everyone, we're back.

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Speaker 1: And let's talk about blood flow a little bit because

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Speaker 1: your circulatory system is a big part. You know, of course,

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Speaker 1: we said the heart is the pump, but it's got

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Speaker 1: to be connected to stuff to take all the blood

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Speaker 1: to every place in your body that needs it. And

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Speaker 1: there are I mean, this all smacks so much of

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Speaker 1: like elementary school biology and stuff, but an anatomy.

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Speaker 4: But I kind of love it.

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Speaker 1: The three kinds of blood vessels, of course, are the veins,

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Speaker 1: arteries and capillaries. And the veins carry that oxygen. necessary

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Speaker 1: blood back to the heart, like that depleted blood. And

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Speaker 1: the arteries carry that oxygen-rich blood to the rest of

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Speaker 1: the body. Veins go in, arteries go out.

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Speaker 4: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: And then you're like, well, what the heck do the

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Speaker 2: capillaries do? They carry blood between the veins and the arteries.

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Speaker 2: And I guess at some point, some of the veins

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Speaker 2: are like, hey, I need some more nutrients. Give it

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Speaker 2: to me from the arteries or Something like that. I

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Speaker 2: guess it's just for homeostasis purposes. That's the best I

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Speaker 2: could come up with.

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Speaker 4: I have a question.

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Speaker 1: Like, I know the arteries are the big fellas and

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Speaker 1: that their walls like have muscle tissue because they actually

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Speaker 1: like pump.

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Speaker 2: Yeah.

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Speaker 1: Are capillaries, do they not have little muscle systems? Does

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Speaker 1: the blood just kind of running through them because of

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Speaker 1: the force of entering and exiting?

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Speaker 2: That's my understanding. And then veins use valve systems from

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Speaker 2: what I saw rather than muscle tissue.

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Speaker 4: All right. I love it.

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00:17:09,440 --> 00:17:13,949
Speaker 2: Yeah, it is. The biggest I saw that an artery

365
00:17:14,050 --> 00:17:17,210
Speaker 2: is is about as wide as a nickel is round,

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Speaker 2: two centimeters. That's a big old artery.

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Speaker 4: Two centimeters. Okay. Yeah, I got you.

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Speaker 3: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: Imagine holding a nickel in your palm.

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Speaker 4: It's been a while.

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Speaker 2: Now, imagine that it really has. Now, imagine that is

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Speaker 2: an artery just coming at you like.

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Speaker 4: A cross-section of an artery. I got you. Pretty intimidating. Yeah.

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Speaker 3: It is.

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Speaker 1: So that blood, as we mentioned earlier, comes in through

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Speaker 1: the right side through two veins, the superior vena cava. Oh, man,

377
00:17:46,910 --> 00:17:51,590
Speaker 1: elementary school city in the inferior vena cava. And that

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00:17:51,950 --> 00:17:54,150
Speaker 1: the aorta is that main artery of the body that

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Speaker 1: gets all the blood that the heart is pumped out

380
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Speaker 1: and then distributed distributes it through the various, I guess,

381
00:18:00,780 --> 00:18:01,620
Speaker 1: vein channels.

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00:18:02,720 --> 00:18:05,920
Speaker 2: Were you learning about the superior and inferior vena cava

383
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Speaker 2: in elementary school? Because I definitely was not.

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Speaker 4: I felt like I did, but maybe not now that

385
00:18:13,859 --> 00:18:14,350
Speaker 4: you mention it.

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00:18:15,040 --> 00:18:17,860
Speaker 2: I mean, we didn't get anywhere near there. I think

387
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Speaker 2: we learned that we have a heart and that's as

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Speaker 2: far as we got.

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Speaker 1: I also ran up through seventh grade in elementary school

390
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Speaker 1: because we didn't have middle school. So maybe that's a differentiator.

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Speaker 2: You didn't have middle school. So eighth grade began high school. Wow. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: After right after I left, they built a middle school

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Speaker 1: in our district for the first time. And so my

394
00:18:42,650 --> 00:18:46,969
Speaker 1: story was always that in eighth, ninth and tenth grade,

395
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Speaker 1: I was the youngest person in high school because they

396
00:18:49,710 --> 00:18:54,000
Speaker 1: kept sending that next grade to middle school. Which at

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00:18:54,240 --> 00:18:56,480
Speaker 1: the time now, it's like, who cares? But at the time,

398
00:18:56,500 --> 00:18:58,300
Speaker 1: you just wanted to be older than somebody else.

399
00:18:58,640 --> 00:18:59,140
Speaker 2: No, I know.

400
00:18:59,200 --> 00:18:59,740
Speaker 4: In this school.

401
00:18:59,780 --> 00:19:01,810
Speaker 1: So three years straight, it was like, oh, now they're

402
00:19:01,850 --> 00:19:03,790
Speaker 1: taking the eighth graders. Now they're taking the ninth graders.

403
00:19:04,070 --> 00:19:05,190
Speaker 2: That's the pits, man.

404
00:19:05,609 --> 00:19:05,790
Speaker 3: Yeah.

405
00:19:05,810 --> 00:19:07,530
Speaker 4: So, yeah, I think by seventh grade, we were learning

406
00:19:07,550 --> 00:19:08,090
Speaker 4: about this stuff.

407
00:19:08,950 --> 00:19:11,830
Speaker 2: I don't remember that at all. But OK, I believe you.

408
00:19:11,910 --> 00:19:14,070
Speaker 2: I'm saying I don't. I don't remember. I think I

409
00:19:14,090 --> 00:19:17,170
Speaker 2: just learned about the superior and inferior vena cava.

410
00:19:17,190 --> 00:19:17,590
Speaker 4: In college?

411
00:19:18,030 --> 00:19:19,250
Speaker 2: No, researching this.

412
00:19:19,710 --> 00:19:19,970
Speaker 1: OK.

413
00:19:21,910 --> 00:19:25,080
Speaker 2: OK, so these are your blood vessels and they're moving

414
00:19:25,119 --> 00:19:26,580
Speaker 2: a lot of blood.

415
00:19:27,180 --> 00:19:27,419
Speaker 4: How much?

416
00:19:27,440 --> 00:19:32,230
Speaker 2: Appropriately. Get this. The heart pumps an average of about

417
00:19:32,230 --> 00:19:36,800
Speaker 2: 2.4 ounces of blood every time it beats. It's a

418
00:19:36,820 --> 00:19:39,200
Speaker 2: pretty decent amount of blood. And I said, well, how

419
00:19:39,240 --> 00:19:41,980
Speaker 2: much blood is it? 70 milliliters. And I was like,

420
00:19:42,040 --> 00:19:45,369
Speaker 2: I don't understand how much that is at all. In

421
00:19:45,550 --> 00:19:48,430
Speaker 2: airplane mini liquor bottles, it's about one and a half

422
00:19:48,450 --> 00:19:51,100
Speaker 2: of those in blood every time. time your heart beats.

423
00:19:52,220 --> 00:19:52,440
Speaker 3: Yeah.

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00:19:52,540 --> 00:19:54,740
Speaker 1: I'd like to tell people that when Josh takes an

425
00:19:54,820 --> 00:19:59,860
Speaker 1: article and changes like parts of it to then send

426
00:19:59,880 --> 00:20:02,649
Speaker 1: to me, there's always fun little things like that. And

427
00:20:02,670 --> 00:20:06,070
Speaker 1: there's always lots of very funny, inappropriate cursing.

428
00:20:06,090 --> 00:20:07,810
Speaker 4: I don't think I've ever mentioned how much I enjoy that,

429
00:20:07,830 --> 00:20:08,149
Speaker 4: by the way.

430
00:20:08,690 --> 00:20:10,510
Speaker 2: Oh, thanks, man. I enjoy yours as well.

431
00:20:10,850 --> 00:20:13,570
Speaker 1: Yeah, they're only for my eyes, but it's always funny

432
00:20:13,590 --> 00:20:14,359
Speaker 1: when I come across it.

433
00:20:14,830 --> 00:20:16,130
Speaker 2: Thanks. It means a lot.

434
00:20:16,670 --> 00:20:18,869
Speaker 4: Yeah, maybe one day we'll just read it out loud

435
00:20:18,990 --> 00:20:19,800
Speaker 4: and see what people think.

436
00:20:19,820 --> 00:20:21,780
Speaker 2: I don't know about that.

437
00:20:22,680 --> 00:20:25,980
Speaker 1: All right, so one and a half airplane liquor bottles worth.

438
00:20:26,940 --> 00:20:28,939
Speaker 1: At 72 beats a minute, that's about 1.3 gallons or

439
00:20:28,940 --> 00:20:30,520
Speaker 1: 5 liters of blood pumped per minute. And about 1,900

440
00:20:30,520 --> 00:20:33,639
Speaker 1: gallons or 7,200 liters of blood pumped.

441
00:20:38,840 --> 00:20:39,380
Speaker 4: Wow, is it really?

442
00:20:48,859 --> 00:20:52,140
Speaker 2: It actually, like, that means more to me than 1,900 gallons.

443
00:20:52,160 --> 00:20:54,980
Speaker 2: That's a lot. Not because I'm like, oh, I love drinking.

444
00:20:55,300 --> 00:20:55,500
Speaker 3: Right.

445
00:20:55,520 --> 00:20:58,899
Speaker 2: Like, that is a lot of blood that just moves

446
00:20:58,960 --> 00:21:01,639
Speaker 2: through your body every day. And bear in mind, everyone,

447
00:21:01,660 --> 00:21:06,220
Speaker 2: you don't have 14,400 mini liquor bottles worth of blood

448
00:21:06,420 --> 00:21:09,050
Speaker 2: in you. It just gets circulated that often.

449
00:21:09,450 --> 00:21:10,730
Speaker 4: Right. Exactly. Good point.

450
00:21:11,130 --> 00:21:14,889
Speaker 2: Yeah. That was for the three-year-olds. I think everybody else

451
00:21:14,950 --> 00:21:17,170
Speaker 2: already knew that, and it kind of went without saying.

452
00:21:17,950 --> 00:21:20,020
Speaker 4: So how does this thing beat?

453
00:21:20,720 --> 00:21:23,119
Speaker 1: I think most people probably know in a very basic

454
00:21:23,160 --> 00:21:25,960
Speaker 1: way that it's electrical impulses that cause the heart to beat.

455
00:21:27,180 --> 00:21:30,980
Speaker 1: But more specifically, it's a group of cells that have

456
00:21:31,119 --> 00:21:37,480
Speaker 1: the really uncanny ability to generate that activity by themselves.

457
00:21:38,780 --> 00:21:40,640
Speaker 2: Really super cool. You know how like when you put

458
00:21:40,720 --> 00:21:44,479
Speaker 2: salt on a dead frog's legs and they twitch?

459
00:21:45,540 --> 00:21:46,580
Speaker 4: I didn't know that actually.

460
00:21:46,890 --> 00:21:50,050
Speaker 2: Oh, you didn't? It's like you should go online and

461
00:21:50,090 --> 00:21:53,609
Speaker 2: check it out. It's very weird. But what's happening is

462
00:21:53,650 --> 00:21:58,990
Speaker 2: you just added an electrolyte, which is essentially an electricity-bearing element,

463
00:21:59,590 --> 00:22:04,320
Speaker 2: onto a muscle. And muscle tissue responds to electricity-bearing elements.

464
00:22:04,800 --> 00:22:07,000
Speaker 2: And with the heart specifically, you've got what are called

465
00:22:07,080 --> 00:22:11,180
Speaker 2: pacemaker cells that are located in what are called nodes,

466
00:22:11,640 --> 00:22:14,239
Speaker 2: where basically they take in those electrolytes that you hear

467
00:22:14,260 --> 00:22:19,479
Speaker 2: about with hydration and all that. Sodium. Potassium, calcium, chlorine, magnesium.

468
00:22:20,109 --> 00:22:23,330
Speaker 2: And these pacemaker cells in the nodes are able to

469
00:22:23,430 --> 00:22:26,850
Speaker 2: take those elements and strip them into charged ions, which

470
00:22:26,910 --> 00:22:29,970
Speaker 2: they shoot at the heart. And this electrical activity just

471
00:22:30,010 --> 00:22:33,190
Speaker 2: cascades over the heart. And that causes the muscle tissue

472
00:22:33,230 --> 00:22:36,669
Speaker 2: to contract and then release once the electrical impulse is

473
00:22:36,730 --> 00:22:37,490
Speaker 2: passed over it.

474
00:22:37,930 --> 00:22:38,770
Speaker 4: That is incredible.

475
00:22:39,070 --> 00:22:43,380
Speaker 1: And you're also saying that this whole electrolyte thing isn't

476
00:22:43,420 --> 00:22:44,020
Speaker 1: a big scam.

477
00:22:45,440 --> 00:22:49,220
Speaker 2: No, it really isn't. Because if you're just drinking water

478
00:22:49,580 --> 00:22:53,000
Speaker 2: and it's just water and you're hydrating like that, I mean,

479
00:22:53,060 --> 00:22:56,790
Speaker 2: it helps. You actually do need water plenty. But there

480
00:22:56,930 --> 00:22:59,230
Speaker 2: comes a point in time where you're actually diluting your

481
00:22:59,290 --> 00:23:03,510
Speaker 2: blood and you need those electrolytes to balance that out.

482
00:23:03,590 --> 00:23:07,690
Speaker 2: So I think we're probably being oversold electrolytes because I

483
00:23:07,730 --> 00:23:10,950
Speaker 2: don't remember having any problems with it until 2022 when

484
00:23:11,040 --> 00:23:17,160
Speaker 2: they started advertising it. But you do need electrolytes for sure.

485
00:23:17,640 --> 00:23:17,900
Speaker 3: Yeah.

486
00:23:17,940 --> 00:23:18,439
Speaker 4: You know what?

487
00:23:18,460 --> 00:23:21,520
Speaker 1: I've mentioned that survival show alone that I watch and

488
00:23:21,540 --> 00:23:24,050
Speaker 1: you're allowed to bring like a certain amount of things

489
00:23:24,109 --> 00:23:27,370
Speaker 1: with you that of your own choosing that are obviously approved.

490
00:23:27,530 --> 00:23:30,950
Speaker 1: And occasionally I feel like once every two seasons or so,

491
00:23:31,510 --> 00:23:33,210
Speaker 1: somebody brings a block of salt.

492
00:23:33,670 --> 00:23:34,889
Speaker 2: Oh, yeah. A whole block. Jeez.

493
00:23:35,210 --> 00:23:35,370
Speaker 3: Yep.

494
00:23:35,710 --> 00:23:36,730
Speaker 4: Brings a block of salt.

495
00:23:37,070 --> 00:23:40,429
Speaker 1: And for two reasons, one to help provide electrolytes when

496
00:23:40,450 --> 00:23:43,420
Speaker 1: they're like obviously getting like super dehydrated out there in

497
00:23:43,440 --> 00:23:46,440
Speaker 1: the wild. But The other kind of obvious, more fun

498
00:23:46,480 --> 00:23:48,699
Speaker 1: reason is to give a little bit of flavor to

499
00:23:48,740 --> 00:23:50,180
Speaker 1: some of that garbage that.

500
00:23:50,080 --> 00:23:50,800
Speaker 4: They have to eat.

501
00:23:51,020 --> 00:23:51,740
Speaker 2: Yeah, I'll bet.

502
00:23:52,040 --> 00:23:54,119
Speaker 4: It's not a bad idea, though, I don't think. Like

503
00:23:54,160 --> 00:23:54,720
Speaker 4: the salt block.

504
00:23:55,619 --> 00:23:57,900
Speaker 2: No, not at all. I know deer like to lick

505
00:23:57,960 --> 00:24:00,320
Speaker 2: salt blocks. So I was wondering if anyone ever brought

506
00:24:00,340 --> 00:24:02,860
Speaker 2: it to like attract a deer that they killed and ate.

507
00:24:03,540 --> 00:24:04,400
Speaker 4: I have not seen that.

508
00:24:04,480 --> 00:24:06,600
Speaker 1: I think the salt is too valuable to like chunk

509
00:24:06,619 --> 00:24:08,640
Speaker 1: it off and just leave out there for anyone to have.

510
00:24:09,050 --> 00:24:09,379
Speaker 2: Gotcha.

511
00:24:09,810 --> 00:24:10,810
Speaker 4: Yeah, that'd be my guess.

512
00:24:11,480 --> 00:24:15,460
Speaker 2: But yeah, so they're hydrating with electrolytes then, at least

513
00:24:15,480 --> 00:24:16,080
Speaker 2: with sodium.

514
00:24:16,619 --> 00:24:16,939
Speaker 4: Totally.

515
00:24:17,830 --> 00:24:21,670
Speaker 2: So what's also nuts about this is that this electrical

516
00:24:22,150 --> 00:24:26,570
Speaker 2: cascade is produced more than once per second. I think

517
00:24:26,609 --> 00:24:30,010
Speaker 2: your heart beats in less than a second every time.

518
00:24:30,050 --> 00:24:33,610
Speaker 2: It's like 0.8 seconds total where the whole thing goes

519
00:24:33,670 --> 00:24:35,430
Speaker 2: through its jam. Yeah.

520
00:24:35,450 --> 00:24:38,300
Speaker 1: I mean, if it's 72 times a minute. even Josh

521
00:24:38,340 --> 00:24:40,300
Speaker 1: math like figures can figure that out.

522
00:24:40,680 --> 00:24:42,500
Speaker 2: That had not dawned on me until this now.

523
00:24:43,300 --> 00:24:43,660
Speaker 4: Uh, yeah.

524
00:24:43,700 --> 00:24:46,440
Speaker 1: So that electrical impulse travels to the right and left

525
00:24:46,520 --> 00:24:49,460
Speaker 1: atria first, and they contract together. And that's what takes

526
00:24:49,500 --> 00:24:52,760
Speaker 1: that 0.04 seconds. And then there's a little bit of

527
00:24:52,800 --> 00:24:55,379
Speaker 1: a delay because those ventricles have to fill back up

528
00:24:55,460 --> 00:24:58,120
Speaker 1: with the blood, with the good stuff. And then that

529
00:24:58,200 --> 00:25:01,640
Speaker 1: electrical impulse then goes to the right and left ventricle.

530
00:25:02,119 --> 00:25:03,500
Speaker 1: They contract at the same time.

531
00:25:04,280 --> 00:25:04,980
Speaker 4: And that's it.

532
00:25:05,200 --> 00:25:09,800
Speaker 1: If you, if you have issues with this, um, electrical impulse,

533
00:25:09,840 --> 00:25:13,820
Speaker 1: like getting it right and timing it right, then you're

534
00:25:13,840 --> 00:25:16,200
Speaker 1: going to need a pacemaker. We'll talk about like artificial

535
00:25:16,440 --> 00:25:20,480
Speaker 1: pacemaker soon, but like your body has like, it's a

536
00:25:20,560 --> 00:25:23,939
Speaker 1: natural pacemaker basically. Like any of that electrical tissue in

537
00:25:23,960 --> 00:25:27,369
Speaker 1: the heart can be a pacemaker, but the one you

538
00:25:27,410 --> 00:25:30,810
Speaker 1: really want working is the main one, which is the

539
00:25:32,030 --> 00:25:35,340
Speaker 1: sinoatrial node. And that is the That's the real pacemaker.

540
00:25:35,359 --> 00:25:37,320
Speaker 1: And if that one doesn't work quite right, then other

541
00:25:37,740 --> 00:25:39,109
Speaker 1: ones can step up and do the job.

542
00:25:39,470 --> 00:25:43,270
Speaker 2: Yeah, but it's not ideal. You want your sinoatrial node

543
00:25:43,490 --> 00:25:46,850
Speaker 2: functioning correctly, like you said. But in lieu of it,

544
00:25:46,869 --> 00:25:52,260
Speaker 2: there's other ones like the arterioventricular node, which usually receives

545
00:25:53,040 --> 00:25:57,359
Speaker 2: electrical impulses from the sinoatrial node. But if the SA

546
00:25:57,440 --> 00:26:00,180
Speaker 2: is not able to do it, the AN can step

547
00:26:00,300 --> 00:26:02,400
Speaker 2: up and be like, oh, I'll see what I can do.

548
00:26:02,840 --> 00:26:08,920
Speaker 2: The pulse, though, is weaker and it's not as rhythmic,

549
00:26:08,980 --> 00:26:12,770
Speaker 2: I guess, as when it's working properly. But you're happy

550
00:26:12,810 --> 00:26:16,750
Speaker 2: that the atrioventricular node is doing its thing because if not,

551
00:26:16,790 --> 00:26:17,850
Speaker 2: you drop dead.

552
00:26:18,410 --> 00:26:19,050
Speaker 4: Yeah, that's right.

553
00:26:19,690 --> 00:26:23,550
Speaker 1: But that's what can produce a arrhythmia, right, which is

554
00:26:23,570 --> 00:26:24,449
Speaker 1: an irregular heartbeat.

555
00:26:25,210 --> 00:26:26,830
Speaker 2: Yes, that's one of the things that can do it

556
00:26:26,869 --> 00:26:30,470
Speaker 2: for sure. If your sinoatrial node is not working, yes,

557
00:26:30,650 --> 00:26:32,270
Speaker 2: you have an irregular heartbeat for sure.

558
00:26:32,670 --> 00:26:34,570
Speaker 1: What did your doctor say since you were in like,

559
00:26:34,869 --> 00:26:36,910
Speaker 1: your heart was in great shape, what the heart flutters were?

560
00:26:36,970 --> 00:26:38,770
Speaker 1: Because I used to get those occasionally too.

561
00:26:39,810 --> 00:26:42,040
Speaker 2: He said that it was nothing. He said it was

562
00:26:42,210 --> 00:26:45,980
Speaker 2: literally nothing. It just happens sometimes and it doesn't mean anything.

563
00:26:46,020 --> 00:26:48,669
Speaker 2: He said it doesn't have Anything to do with anything

564
00:26:48,760 --> 00:26:52,280
Speaker 2: just happens. It's not a sign of something that's wrong

565
00:26:52,300 --> 00:26:54,160
Speaker 2: with you or something coming down the road. He said

566
00:26:54,200 --> 00:26:55,240
Speaker 2: it's just nothing.

567
00:26:56,000 --> 00:26:57,919
Speaker 4: And then he farted and put a cigarette out and

568
00:26:57,980 --> 00:26:59,180
Speaker 4: kicked you out the front door.

569
00:26:59,760 --> 00:27:01,139
Speaker 2: Took a shot of scotch first.

570
00:27:02,180 --> 00:27:02,419
Speaker 4: All right.

571
00:27:02,440 --> 00:27:03,780
Speaker 1: Well, that's good to know because that has happened to

572
00:27:03,800 --> 00:27:05,900
Speaker 1: me occasionally, too. And it's a little disconcerting when you

573
00:27:05,940 --> 00:27:07,820
Speaker 1: have like your heart to like race for a couple

574
00:27:07,840 --> 00:27:08,260
Speaker 1: of seconds.

575
00:27:08,280 --> 00:27:09,580
Speaker 4: You're like, what the heck was that?

576
00:27:09,859 --> 00:27:13,859
Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean, it definitely is very unnerving. So I'm

577
00:27:13,900 --> 00:27:16,369
Speaker 2: glad it drove me to the. to go get a

578
00:27:16,400 --> 00:27:18,070
Speaker 2: workup because it was nice to hear.

579
00:27:18,240 --> 00:27:20,570
Speaker 4: I'm all right. That's good.

580
00:27:20,609 --> 00:27:22,909
Speaker 1: So those pacemaker cells are the one that do the

581
00:27:22,970 --> 00:27:26,050
Speaker 1: money work, but other nerves can change the rate that

582
00:27:26,230 --> 00:27:30,649
Speaker 1: those cells fire, maybe how strong that heart is going

583
00:27:30,670 --> 00:27:33,410
Speaker 1: to be contracting. And those are all part of the

584
00:27:33,570 --> 00:27:34,770
Speaker 1: autonomic nervous system.

585
00:27:35,390 --> 00:27:39,570
Speaker 2: Yeah. Our old friend fight or flight is essentially the

586
00:27:39,609 --> 00:27:41,790
Speaker 2: reason why your heart starts pounding when you're in fight

587
00:27:41,810 --> 00:27:44,940
Speaker 2: or flight mode. is because your sympathetic nervous system has

588
00:27:45,100 --> 00:27:48,420
Speaker 2: talked to your sinoatrial node and said, hey, man, step

589
00:27:48,460 --> 00:27:51,060
Speaker 2: it up. We want more heartbeats and we want stronger

590
00:27:51,119 --> 00:27:54,040
Speaker 2: contractions than ever before because this guy's about to have

591
00:27:54,080 --> 00:27:56,980
Speaker 2: to run because there's a jungle cat coming. Don't ask

592
00:27:57,020 --> 00:28:00,410
Speaker 2: me how because I realize we're in Georgia, but there's

593
00:28:00,470 --> 00:28:02,449
Speaker 2: a jungle cat coming. Totally.

594
00:28:03,210 --> 00:28:06,950
Speaker 1: And all that activity is going to produce an electrical wave.

595
00:28:06,990 --> 00:28:10,130
Speaker 1: And when you go to get an EKG, an electrocardiogram,

596
00:28:10,710 --> 00:28:13,550
Speaker 1: That is what it's measuring. Like those are the electrical

597
00:28:13,590 --> 00:28:16,570
Speaker 1: waves that the EKG can spit out on that piece

598
00:28:16,609 --> 00:28:16,950
Speaker 1: of paper.

599
00:28:17,470 --> 00:28:17,690
Speaker 3: Yes.

600
00:28:17,790 --> 00:28:20,109
Speaker 2: The first wave is called the P wave. And like

601
00:28:20,150 --> 00:28:22,430
Speaker 2: this is when you're looking at an EKG and it

602
00:28:22,450 --> 00:28:25,330
Speaker 2: goes like the lines just go up and down really quick.

603
00:28:25,770 --> 00:28:26,109
Speaker 4: Yeah.

604
00:28:26,510 --> 00:28:28,910
Speaker 2: Like it's not just chaotic like it looks to me.

605
00:28:29,690 --> 00:28:32,010
Speaker 2: Like one of those is called the P wave. This

606
00:28:32,050 --> 00:28:36,090
Speaker 2: is when the electrical activity spreads over the atria and

607
00:28:36,109 --> 00:28:41,160
Speaker 2: they contract. The QRS complex... is where the electrical activity

608
00:28:41,200 --> 00:28:44,620
Speaker 2: spreads over the ventricles. And then when the ventricles relax,

609
00:28:44,760 --> 00:28:47,620
Speaker 2: that produces on the EKG a T wave.

610
00:28:48,740 --> 00:28:49,140
Speaker 4: That's right.

611
00:28:49,500 --> 00:28:52,050
Speaker 1: And if your doctor ever goes to look at your

612
00:28:52,110 --> 00:28:55,510
Speaker 1: EKG and then goes, huh, and then turns it upside

613
00:28:55,550 --> 00:28:59,190
Speaker 1: down and then looks at it, you should fart and

614
00:28:59,290 --> 00:29:01,130
Speaker 1: put out your cigarette and run out of his office.

615
00:29:01,280 --> 00:29:01,450
Speaker 3: Yeah.

616
00:29:01,720 --> 00:29:02,940
Speaker 2: Maybe get a second opinion.

617
00:29:03,520 --> 00:29:04,360
Speaker 4: All right. Should we take a break?

618
00:29:05,150 --> 00:29:08,370
Speaker 2: Yeah, let's let everybody hear us try to sell them something.

619
00:29:08,830 --> 00:29:10,130
Speaker 4: All right, we'll be right back.

620
00:29:10,670 --> 00:29:22,240
Speaker 3: Learning stuff with Joshua and Charles Stuff you should know.

621
00:29:37,390 --> 00:29:41,630
Speaker 2: Okay, everybody, we're back. And as miraculous and amazing and

622
00:29:41,690 --> 00:29:45,450
Speaker 2: actually kind of hashtag basic as the heart is, it

623
00:29:45,510 --> 00:29:48,150
Speaker 2: can get messed up, as you know. And one of

624
00:29:48,190 --> 00:29:51,120
Speaker 2: the chief ways that it gets messed up is from

625
00:29:51,320 --> 00:29:53,520
Speaker 2: us messing it up with the stuff that we eat.

626
00:29:54,180 --> 00:29:59,100
Speaker 2: Because cholesterol, fat, lipids even can get caught up in

627
00:29:59,140 --> 00:30:01,700
Speaker 2: your arteries. And when they get caught up, they kind

628
00:30:01,740 --> 00:30:04,120
Speaker 2: of hang in there and they build up what's called plaque.

629
00:30:04,160 --> 00:30:05,100
Speaker 2: And then the.

630
00:30:06,770 --> 00:30:09,820
Speaker 2: I guess condition where your arteries are clogged with plaque

631
00:30:09,860 --> 00:30:14,900
Speaker 2: is called arteriosclerosis. And that is an early part of

632
00:30:14,940 --> 00:30:16,560
Speaker 2: heart disease. Yeah.

633
00:30:16,680 --> 00:30:20,030
Speaker 1: So if you have a partial blockage in a coronary artery,

634
00:30:20,750 --> 00:30:25,610
Speaker 1: you're just obviously not going to get enough supply of blood. It's,

635
00:30:25,750 --> 00:30:27,590
Speaker 1: you know, usually this is something you might notice when

636
00:30:27,610 --> 00:30:30,430
Speaker 1: you exert yourself. So you might feel like a chest

637
00:30:30,470 --> 00:30:32,760
Speaker 1: pain or something like that. That's because you have a

638
00:30:32,820 --> 00:30:35,800
Speaker 1: literal lack of blood and oxygen in to that part

639
00:30:35,840 --> 00:30:38,040
Speaker 1: of the heart muscle right there, and that's called angina.

640
00:30:38,800 --> 00:30:39,300
Speaker 4: And it's no good.

641
00:30:39,900 --> 00:30:42,570
Speaker 2: No, it isn't. I don't think I've ever heard the

642
00:30:42,630 --> 00:30:45,790
Speaker 2: words chest pain without thinking of that guy on the

643
00:30:45,850 --> 00:30:49,730
Speaker 2: Life Alert ad going, I'm having chest pain. Remember him?

644
00:30:50,150 --> 00:30:50,550
Speaker 4: Classic.

645
00:30:50,850 --> 00:30:54,380
Speaker 2: He was second in fame only to the lady who

646
00:30:54,400 --> 00:30:56,260
Speaker 2: came after him who said, I've fallen and.

647
00:30:56,200 --> 00:30:57,140
Speaker 4: I can't get up.

648
00:30:57,480 --> 00:30:58,040
Speaker 2: Same ad.

649
00:30:58,480 --> 00:30:59,780
Speaker 4: What if those were your grandparents?

650
00:31:00,720 --> 00:31:02,420
Speaker 2: Like the actors were?

651
00:31:02,440 --> 00:31:03,200
Speaker 4: Yeah, yeah.

652
00:31:03,520 --> 00:31:05,440
Speaker 1: Like they happened to be a married couple and they

653
00:31:05,460 --> 00:31:07,060
Speaker 1: booked them together because it was just easy.

654
00:31:07,100 --> 00:31:08,840
Speaker 4: And those were your literal grandparents.

655
00:31:09,320 --> 00:31:10,770
Speaker 2: I'd probably tell a lot of people.

656
00:31:10,790 --> 00:31:13,150
Speaker 4: That'd be so much fun. Do it again, Grandma.

657
00:31:14,750 --> 00:31:17,670
Speaker 1: Or she does that and we're like, oh, you're the funniest.

658
00:31:17,730 --> 00:31:19,720
Speaker 1: And she's like, really fallen and can't get up.

659
00:31:19,790 --> 00:31:23,340
Speaker 2: Yeah, no really help. Yeah. That'd be a great outgoing

660
00:31:23,660 --> 00:31:27,340
Speaker 2: voicemail message. Yeah. If that was your grandma. Totally. Totally.

661
00:31:28,850 --> 00:31:31,230
Speaker 2: Josh can't come to the phone now because he's falling

662
00:31:31,270 --> 00:31:34,560
Speaker 2: and can't get up.

663
00:31:35,040 --> 00:31:36,400
Speaker 4: Angina is where we left off, I think.

664
00:31:36,820 --> 00:31:40,500
Speaker 2: Yes. So you've got angina, which can actually get worse.

665
00:31:40,560 --> 00:31:43,240
Speaker 2: The more angina you have, you can have unstable angina.

666
00:31:44,480 --> 00:31:49,580
Speaker 2: When the coronary artery is completely blocked, I'm guessing any

667
00:31:49,740 --> 00:31:51,720
Speaker 2: one of them can really do this to you. You're

668
00:31:51,740 --> 00:31:54,980
Speaker 2: getting starved of blood and oxygen in your heart muscle.

669
00:31:55,220 --> 00:31:57,420
Speaker 2: It needs both of those things because the heart doesn't

670
00:31:57,440 --> 00:31:59,560
Speaker 2: just pump blood. It uses blood too, right? So this

671
00:31:59,580 --> 00:32:02,040
Speaker 2: will take a little for me as well. You got

672
00:32:02,080 --> 00:32:04,940
Speaker 2: more angina. You can actually have a heart attack from that.

673
00:32:05,240 --> 00:32:08,280
Speaker 2: And I know you found some good information about the

674
00:32:08,320 --> 00:32:10,860
Speaker 2: difference between like heart attack and cardiac arrest and all

675
00:32:10,900 --> 00:32:13,090
Speaker 2: that stuff. And I say you lay it on everybody, Chuck.

676
00:32:13,660 --> 00:32:16,260
Speaker 1: Yeah, you know, I knew there was a difference because

677
00:32:16,300 --> 00:32:21,680
Speaker 1: I think a lot of people use heart attack, heart failure,

678
00:32:22,180 --> 00:32:26,340
Speaker 1: and cardiac arrest kind of interchangeably, but they're not the

679
00:32:26,380 --> 00:32:26,900
Speaker 1: same thing.

680
00:32:26,980 --> 00:32:28,000
Speaker 4: So what is it again?

681
00:32:28,020 --> 00:32:30,460
Speaker 2: Oh, okay. I'll lay it on them. So a heart

682
00:32:30,500 --> 00:32:34,790
Speaker 2: attack is a circulation problem because blood flow to part

683
00:32:34,810 --> 00:32:37,250
Speaker 2: of the heart is blocked. You're having a heart attack.

684
00:32:37,610 --> 00:32:40,070
Speaker 2: Cardiac arrest, I thought that was the exact same. That's

685
00:32:40,090 --> 00:32:42,990
Speaker 2: an electrical malfunction where the heart just suddenly stops beating.

686
00:32:43,980 --> 00:32:46,880
Speaker 2: And then heart failure is actually a chronic condition where

687
00:32:46,900 --> 00:32:49,840
Speaker 2: the heart muscle is just too weak or it's too

688
00:32:49,920 --> 00:32:52,940
Speaker 2: stiff from things like heart attacks. It stiffens, almost scars

689
00:32:53,040 --> 00:32:57,479
Speaker 2: after those to effectively pump the blood. So there you

690
00:32:57,520 --> 00:32:59,900
Speaker 2: have it. You'll never have to have anybody explain it

691
00:32:59,940 --> 00:33:00,380
Speaker 2: to you again.

692
00:33:00,680 --> 00:33:00,760
Speaker 3: Yeah.

693
00:33:00,780 --> 00:33:03,460
Speaker 4: And if I'm not mistaken, cardiac arrest is the one

694
00:33:03,540 --> 00:33:04,600
Speaker 4: that's more dangerous.

695
00:33:04,640 --> 00:33:06,460
Speaker 1: Like if you see a TV show or movie or

696
00:33:06,540 --> 00:33:08,620
Speaker 1: God forbid, if this has happened to someone in your

697
00:33:08,640 --> 00:33:12,280
Speaker 1: life and someone's like, I'm having a heart attack and

698
00:33:12,300 --> 00:33:14,480
Speaker 1: like they die a couple of minutes later.

699
00:33:14,500 --> 00:33:17,340
Speaker 4: I think that's usually cardiac arrest.

700
00:33:17,820 --> 00:33:20,200
Speaker 1: Whereas a heart attack is like, hey, I'm having a

701
00:33:20,240 --> 00:33:22,300
Speaker 1: heart attack and like I need to get into the

702
00:33:22,360 --> 00:33:23,680
Speaker 1: car now and drive to the hospital.

703
00:33:24,160 --> 00:33:24,900
Speaker 4: And that can happen.

704
00:33:25,460 --> 00:33:29,030
Speaker 2: OK, gotcha. So so you're saying cardiac arrest is deadlier

705
00:33:29,090 --> 00:33:32,330
Speaker 2: than a heart attack. Yeah, because people are misusing terms.

706
00:33:32,830 --> 00:33:34,590
Speaker 1: I think so, because I think cardiac arrest is the

707
00:33:34,650 --> 00:33:36,890
Speaker 1: one that like where you can be dead minutes later.

708
00:33:36,910 --> 00:33:39,730
Speaker 2: Well, one of the. The best things you can do

709
00:33:39,790 --> 00:33:42,950
Speaker 2: in your entire life is to correct someone who's dying

710
00:33:42,970 --> 00:33:47,690
Speaker 2: of a heart attack or cardiac arrest as they're going down.

711
00:33:48,110 --> 00:33:48,670
Speaker 4: Actually.

712
00:33:48,690 --> 00:33:55,200
Speaker 2: Oh, boy. So let's move on to atrial fibrillation. This

713
00:33:55,300 --> 00:33:57,040
Speaker 2: one is a big one to me because, like I said,

714
00:33:57,060 --> 00:33:59,690
Speaker 2: my dad has it. And I remember hearing he had,

715
00:34:00,310 --> 00:34:02,530
Speaker 2: it's called AFib for those of us in the know.

716
00:34:02,550 --> 00:34:06,010
Speaker 2: I was like, oh my God, that sounds awful. Apparently

717
00:34:06,070 --> 00:34:09,029
Speaker 2: it's not. There's not actually a problem with AFib in

718
00:34:09,090 --> 00:34:12,640
Speaker 2: and of itself. It's just a type of arrhythmia where

719
00:34:12,660 --> 00:34:15,960
Speaker 2: the heart just doesn't follow. It beats to, it moves

720
00:34:15,980 --> 00:34:18,900
Speaker 2: to the beat of its own drum, not the standard one.

721
00:34:19,460 --> 00:34:23,230
Speaker 2: And there's nothing wrong with having AFib, but AFib can

722
00:34:23,270 --> 00:34:25,530
Speaker 2: lay the groundwork for all sorts of other heart problems.

723
00:34:25,690 --> 00:34:27,050
Speaker 2: That's the problem with AFib.

724
00:34:27,590 --> 00:34:31,860
Speaker 1: Yeah, like you may not show any symptoms or you

725
00:34:31,880 --> 00:34:34,420
Speaker 1: may get symptoms later. You may not know you have

726
00:34:34,440 --> 00:34:36,940
Speaker 1: AFib at all for like a very, very long time.

727
00:34:38,000 --> 00:34:40,880
Speaker 1: And like you said, it will increase the risk of

728
00:34:41,040 --> 00:34:45,739
Speaker 1: maybe heart failure or stroke because it's basically because it's

729
00:34:45,880 --> 00:34:47,180
Speaker 1: marching to the beat of its own drummer.

730
00:34:47,219 --> 00:34:50,570
Speaker 4: It's circulating your blood in a way that's different.

731
00:34:50,750 --> 00:34:54,989
Speaker 1: So if it's so different that thrombosis or like blood

732
00:34:55,130 --> 00:34:58,879
Speaker 1: clotting can occur, that could happen. And a blood clot

733
00:34:58,920 --> 00:35:02,190
Speaker 1: can break off and block like a brain artery.

734
00:35:02,910 --> 00:35:04,290
Speaker 4: And that's where a stroke comes from.

735
00:35:04,590 --> 00:35:08,290
Speaker 2: Yeah, that's good for sure. So, yeah, you want to

736
00:35:08,310 --> 00:35:10,690
Speaker 2: steer clear of AFib. You want to screen for it, too,

737
00:35:10,710 --> 00:35:12,270
Speaker 2: especially if it's in your family.

738
00:35:12,630 --> 00:35:12,830
Speaker 3: Yeah.

739
00:35:13,110 --> 00:35:15,670
Speaker 2: And then there's congenital heart disease, which simply means that

740
00:35:15,730 --> 00:35:19,060
Speaker 2: you have a heart condition that you were born with.

741
00:35:19,620 --> 00:35:22,260
Speaker 2: I think the most common it's the most common type

742
00:35:22,300 --> 00:35:25,270
Speaker 2: of birth defect is And I think one of the

743
00:35:25,310 --> 00:35:29,489
Speaker 2: most common types of congenital heart disease is holes in

744
00:35:29,530 --> 00:35:33,760
Speaker 2: the heart, septal defects. I didn't see if they actually

745
00:35:33,989 --> 00:35:36,090
Speaker 2: are the most common, but that's the one I've always

746
00:35:36,140 --> 00:35:38,880
Speaker 2: heard the most. So I guess anecdotally speaking, it's the

747
00:35:38,920 --> 00:35:40,380
Speaker 2: most common. Yeah.

748
00:35:40,460 --> 00:35:42,700
Speaker 1: So if you have a brand new baby and they

749
00:35:42,760 --> 00:35:47,000
Speaker 1: say that they were born with congenital heart disease, they

750
00:35:47,040 --> 00:35:49,279
Speaker 1: need to change that name up a little bit or

751
00:35:49,440 --> 00:35:51,299
Speaker 1: hopefully they break it to you in a different way.

752
00:35:51,620 --> 00:35:51,799
Speaker 3: Sure.

753
00:35:52,219 --> 00:35:54,419
Speaker 1: Than just like laying that down because it can be

754
00:35:55,680 --> 00:35:57,960
Speaker 1: no big deal at all. Sometimes there's just no treatment

755
00:35:58,080 --> 00:35:59,000
Speaker 1: required at all.

756
00:35:59,660 --> 00:35:59,819
Speaker 3: Right.

757
00:36:00,480 --> 00:36:03,420
Speaker 2: If you do have a heart condition, especially if your

758
00:36:03,440 --> 00:36:07,520
Speaker 2: heart's just not quite beating in a rhythm that's making

759
00:36:07,560 --> 00:36:10,120
Speaker 2: it work as efficiently as possible, there's all sorts of

760
00:36:10,160 --> 00:36:13,819
Speaker 2: stuff you can do. There's medications. Well, there's medications. There's

761
00:36:13,840 --> 00:36:17,500
Speaker 2: also pacemakers, which have really come a long way. I

762
00:36:18,640 --> 00:36:23,350
Speaker 2: think the first pacemaker implant was in 1958. And now

763
00:36:23,450 --> 00:36:26,270
Speaker 2: it's I don't want to say routine, but it's they

764
00:36:26,430 --> 00:36:27,730
Speaker 2: they save a lot of lives.

765
00:36:27,969 --> 00:36:29,490
Speaker 4: It's pretty routine, I think. Yeah.

766
00:36:29,660 --> 00:36:32,480
Speaker 1: Like I know several people in my life that have pacemakers.

767
00:36:33,500 --> 00:36:38,240
Speaker 1: They are literal electronic devices that keep your heart beating

768
00:36:38,280 --> 00:36:40,560
Speaker 1: like it should or prevent it rather, I guess, from

769
00:36:40,580 --> 00:36:44,120
Speaker 1: beating abnormally. And it's a it's a battery. It's got

770
00:36:44,160 --> 00:36:48,580
Speaker 1: some computer circuitry. It's a little piece of metal. And

771
00:36:48,600 --> 00:36:52,040
Speaker 1: they implant that inside of your body in the upper chest,

772
00:36:52,140 --> 00:36:53,160
Speaker 1: like kind of near your shoulder.

773
00:36:53,800 --> 00:36:56,219
Speaker 2: Yeah. And then the wires go through your vein, I

774
00:36:56,280 --> 00:37:00,360
Speaker 2: think from your leg into your heart. And there's different

775
00:37:00,480 --> 00:37:04,580
Speaker 2: ones depending on what they're working on. There's single chamber

776
00:37:04,620 --> 00:37:08,879
Speaker 2: where for some reason it's specific to parts of the heart.

777
00:37:08,940 --> 00:37:14,160
Speaker 2: So like a single chamber pacemaker works, helps the right

778
00:37:14,219 --> 00:37:17,379
Speaker 2: ventricle do its thing. So it's pumping blood out to

779
00:37:17,440 --> 00:37:20,779
Speaker 2: the lungs. But you wouldn't put that in the left

780
00:37:20,820 --> 00:37:23,960
Speaker 2: ventricle for some reason. I could not find why it's

781
00:37:24,000 --> 00:37:24,859
Speaker 2: so specific.

782
00:37:25,620 --> 00:37:25,920
Speaker 4: Yeah.

783
00:37:25,940 --> 00:37:27,890
Speaker 1: And this is the point where we need to just

784
00:37:28,030 --> 00:37:32,910
Speaker 1: take our hats off and salute humanity. Sure. In this case,

785
00:37:32,930 --> 00:37:37,670
Speaker 1: a guy named Wilson Greatbotch, who is basically recognized as

786
00:37:37,750 --> 00:37:41,839
Speaker 1: the dude who invented the first pacemaker. And I'm sure

787
00:37:41,900 --> 00:37:45,640
Speaker 1: Wilson had a team of great people that are always undersung.

788
00:37:45,700 --> 00:37:48,690
Speaker 1: So It's amazing that people are like, hey, if your

789
00:37:48,710 --> 00:37:51,180
Speaker 1: heart doesn't beat right, maybe we can put a little

790
00:37:51,700 --> 00:37:52,990
Speaker 1: thing in your body that.

791
00:37:54,920 --> 00:37:57,279
Speaker 4: Lives inside of you successfully. Yeah.

792
00:37:57,480 --> 00:38:00,160
Speaker 2: I mean, so it just basically, if you're, say, your

793
00:38:00,640 --> 00:38:05,299
Speaker 2: sinoatrial node isn't producing electricity like it's supposed to, this

794
00:38:05,340 --> 00:38:08,880
Speaker 2: thing does. It goes, oh, here, I'll stand in for you. So, yeah,

795
00:38:09,020 --> 00:38:12,640
Speaker 2: it's pretty amazing stuff for sure. And it depends on

796
00:38:13,860 --> 00:38:18,860
Speaker 2: what your heart's doing, right? that the type of pacemaker

797
00:38:19,160 --> 00:38:22,509
Speaker 2: is inserted, but we won't necessarily get into that. If

798
00:38:22,550 --> 00:38:24,930
Speaker 2: you need a pacemaker, I'm pretty sure your doctor can

799
00:38:25,410 --> 00:38:27,629
Speaker 2: tell you everything you need. You don't need it from us.

800
00:38:27,650 --> 00:38:28,930
Speaker 4: Yeah, that's a good point.

801
00:38:29,750 --> 00:38:32,690
Speaker 2: But let's say you have a pacemaker and you're like,

802
00:38:32,950 --> 00:38:36,129
Speaker 2: I've got five to 15 years of battery life. That's

803
00:38:36,430 --> 00:38:39,009
Speaker 2: how pacemakers break down. They just drain their battery after

804
00:38:39,050 --> 00:38:43,580
Speaker 2: a while. I'm looking for the pacemaker that that gathers,

805
00:38:44,420 --> 00:38:49,299
Speaker 2: that's recharged by motion. You know those, like, conventions where, like,

806
00:38:49,320 --> 00:38:52,080
Speaker 2: you can dance and you're actually lighting up the dance floor?

807
00:38:52,800 --> 00:38:54,860
Speaker 2: Why can't you do that with a pacemaker battery? It

808
00:38:54,900 --> 00:38:57,780
Speaker 2: seems like something you could do eventually.

809
00:38:58,180 --> 00:39:01,070
Speaker 1: I could see them working on something like that. At

810
00:39:01,110 --> 00:39:02,750
Speaker 1: least give me the 15-year version.

811
00:39:03,070 --> 00:39:03,270
Speaker 2: Sure.

812
00:39:03,750 --> 00:39:06,130
Speaker 1: Because every time it's triggered, you know, it's not necessarily

813
00:39:06,190 --> 00:39:08,880
Speaker 1: running full-time. It's triggered to run when you need it.

814
00:39:09,110 --> 00:39:09,290
Speaker 4: Mm-hmm.

815
00:39:09,900 --> 00:39:11,920
Speaker 1: Depending on the kind and it's going to drain that

816
00:39:12,020 --> 00:39:15,470
Speaker 1: battery a little bit, like you said. So, you know,

817
00:39:15,510 --> 00:39:18,290
Speaker 1: you can get a temporary pacemaker while you're recovering for

818
00:39:18,310 --> 00:39:21,969
Speaker 1: a heart attack, maybe to speed up your heart rate.

819
00:39:23,370 --> 00:39:25,670
Speaker 1: That's not implanted. That's just like, hey, you got out

820
00:39:25,710 --> 00:39:28,290
Speaker 1: of surgery. So we're going to just keep you on

821
00:39:28,310 --> 00:39:29,469
Speaker 1: the right track for now with this thing.

822
00:39:29,489 --> 00:39:34,319
Speaker 2: Yeah. I want to say like the next step up

823
00:39:34,430 --> 00:39:37,380
Speaker 2: is artificial heart, but it feels like that's many, many

824
00:39:37,440 --> 00:39:42,680
Speaker 2: steps above a pacemaker in severity. inventiveness, all that stuff.

825
00:39:42,700 --> 00:39:45,660
Speaker 2: But essentially what an artificial heart is, it steps in

826
00:39:46,060 --> 00:39:50,600
Speaker 2: when your ventricles are no longer capable of pumping blood

827
00:39:50,920 --> 00:39:52,879
Speaker 2: well enough to get it to your lungs or through

828
00:39:52,900 --> 00:39:55,859
Speaker 2: the rest of your circulatory system. So what they do

829
00:39:55,940 --> 00:39:58,460
Speaker 2: is they go in and cut out your ventricles and

830
00:39:58,480 --> 00:40:01,480
Speaker 2: they put in an artificial heart, which is basically those

831
00:40:01,620 --> 00:40:06,080
Speaker 2: two new artificial ventricles to do that job for you.

832
00:40:06,960 --> 00:40:09,640
Speaker 2: And what you do, you have like wires coming out

833
00:40:09,680 --> 00:40:12,570
Speaker 2: of your body. and they're connected to an outside driver.

834
00:40:13,489 --> 00:40:17,350
Speaker 2: And this in and of itself is just amazing because

835
00:40:17,630 --> 00:40:21,790
Speaker 2: up until, I guess, I don't remember when the first, yeah,

836
00:40:21,830 --> 00:40:24,569
Speaker 2: the first one took place in 1982. Up to that,

837
00:40:24,670 --> 00:40:26,430
Speaker 2: if you needed a heart, you were on a heart

838
00:40:26,469 --> 00:40:32,080
Speaker 2: transplant list and there's not nearly enough heart donors to

839
00:40:32,880 --> 00:40:35,520
Speaker 2: meet the supply needed. So a lot of people died

840
00:40:36,020 --> 00:40:39,560
Speaker 2: waiting for a heart transplant. The artificial heart's meant to

841
00:40:39,600 --> 00:40:42,500
Speaker 2: step in and say, hey, how about we use this

842
00:40:42,540 --> 00:40:45,620
Speaker 2: to keep you alive until you can get that donor heart?

843
00:40:46,160 --> 00:40:49,469
Speaker 2: That's what the artificial heart is as it stands. What

844
00:40:49,489 --> 00:40:52,850
Speaker 2: they're working toward is what's called a total artificial heart,

845
00:40:53,110 --> 00:40:55,870
Speaker 2: which is exactly what it sounds like. Rather than getting

846
00:40:55,930 --> 00:40:59,030
Speaker 2: a donor's heart, someone else's heart put into your chest,

847
00:40:59,850 --> 00:41:02,250
Speaker 2: you would get this total artificial heart put into your

848
00:41:02,290 --> 00:41:04,130
Speaker 2: chest and that's all you'd ever need. It's like a

849
00:41:04,530 --> 00:41:05,890
Speaker 2: artificial donor heart.

850
00:41:06,650 --> 00:41:09,450
Speaker 1: Yeah, it's incredible looking. I remember when I was a kid,

851
00:41:09,510 --> 00:41:11,750
Speaker 1: I mean, the first one was in 1982. Like you said,

852
00:41:11,770 --> 00:41:14,660
Speaker 1: I was 11. And when I saw the name, the

853
00:41:14,700 --> 00:41:18,219
Speaker 1: patient's name, Dr. Barney Clark, it was like, oh, boom. Yeah,

854
00:41:18,380 --> 00:41:19,880
Speaker 1: that was him. Like it was such a.

855
00:41:19,860 --> 00:41:20,840
Speaker 4: Big deal in the news.

856
00:41:21,440 --> 00:41:24,620
Speaker 1: Like even a little 11-year-old that like normally wouldn't care

857
00:41:24,660 --> 00:41:26,690
Speaker 1: about this kind of thing. It's like implanted in my brain.

858
00:41:26,710 --> 00:41:32,810
Speaker 1: A doctor named William Devery's implanted the Jarvik 7. And

859
00:41:32,870 --> 00:41:36,069
Speaker 1: that was the first like successful design. And, you know,

860
00:41:36,110 --> 00:41:39,549
Speaker 1: it looks like a heart. Sadly, Barney Clark only lived

861
00:41:39,570 --> 00:41:43,570
Speaker 1: for about 112 days. And as you might expect, it

862
00:41:43,590 --> 00:41:49,279
Speaker 1: was like complications from like the wires and stuff. Like

863
00:41:49,500 --> 00:41:53,020
Speaker 1: it wasn't the artificial heart itself failed. It was just

864
00:41:53,060 --> 00:41:56,319
Speaker 1: complications from the surrounding things it's connected to.

865
00:41:56,340 --> 00:42:01,490
Speaker 2: I think four other people got Jarvik 7 implants. And

866
00:42:01,550 --> 00:42:04,489
Speaker 2: at least one of them did die because the The

867
00:42:04,650 --> 00:42:09,010
Speaker 2: machine wasn't working correctly. And I saw that those wires

868
00:42:09,050 --> 00:42:11,029
Speaker 2: that were coming out of you that's connected to the

869
00:42:11,070 --> 00:42:14,400
Speaker 2: thing that's powering all of it, the original Jarvik 7,

870
00:42:14,400 --> 00:42:18,300
Speaker 2: that power unit, was the size and weight of a

871
00:42:18,360 --> 00:42:19,680
Speaker 2: full-size refrigerator.

872
00:42:20,219 --> 00:42:20,620
Speaker 4: Oh, my gosh.

873
00:42:20,640 --> 00:42:23,080
Speaker 2: So if you had an artificial heart, you weren't leaving

874
00:42:23,120 --> 00:42:25,759
Speaker 2: the hospital anytime soon. And I don't think anybody who

875
00:42:25,800 --> 00:42:28,719
Speaker 2: had a Jarvik 7 did. But I did see, did

876
00:42:28,760 --> 00:42:32,660
Speaker 2: you see the story of Leif Stenberg? No. No. So,

877
00:42:32,700 --> 00:42:35,859
Speaker 2: Leif Stemberg was one of the recipients of the Jarvik 7.

878
00:42:35,860 --> 00:42:37,980
Speaker 2: And I guess they found out after they implanted it

879
00:42:38,040 --> 00:42:41,859
Speaker 2: that he was actually a Swedish crime boss. And he

880
00:42:41,880 --> 00:42:44,700
Speaker 2: got an artificial heart and lived for 212 days. And

881
00:42:44,739 --> 00:42:50,370
Speaker 2: during that time, his lawyers argued that he could not

882
00:42:50,430 --> 00:42:55,439
Speaker 2: be tried for crimes that he was facing. And... They

883
00:42:55,560 --> 00:42:59,220
Speaker 2: argued it because under Swedish law, you die once your

884
00:42:59,260 --> 00:43:01,729
Speaker 2: heart stops beating. And they're like, his heart already stopped beating.

885
00:43:01,770 --> 00:43:04,509
Speaker 2: He's got an artificial one. So therefore, he's legally dead

886
00:43:04,570 --> 00:43:05,710
Speaker 2: and can't face prosecution.

887
00:43:06,410 --> 00:43:08,790
Speaker 4: That's right. Isn't that nuts? I read that over when

888
00:43:08,810 --> 00:43:11,410
Speaker 4: you sent it. That's some legal trickery.

889
00:43:12,090 --> 00:43:13,830
Speaker 2: It is from our Swedish friends.

890
00:43:15,770 --> 00:43:19,549
Speaker 1: You know, obviously, the first idea would be like, hey,

891
00:43:19,590 --> 00:43:22,830
Speaker 1: let's make something that looks and like, um, acts and

892
00:43:22,870 --> 00:43:24,670
Speaker 1: behaves just like a heart. Cause that seems like the

893
00:43:24,719 --> 00:43:25,740
Speaker 1: most logical thing to do.

894
00:43:25,760 --> 00:43:25,840
Speaker 4: Sure.

895
00:43:26,340 --> 00:43:29,260
Speaker 1: But as time goes on, as with most things, people

896
00:43:29,400 --> 00:43:32,220
Speaker 1: come along and say, maybe it should be like simpler.

897
00:43:32,260 --> 00:43:35,859
Speaker 1: Maybe we can design a streamlined thing that doesn't need

898
00:43:35,900 --> 00:43:39,060
Speaker 1: to have like, uh, doesn't need to like behave exactly

899
00:43:39,100 --> 00:43:41,420
Speaker 1: like your traditional heart. And that's what they're doing. That's

900
00:43:45,150 --> 00:43:47,790
Speaker 1: It's like a continuous flow with a couple of chambers.

901
00:43:48,070 --> 00:43:48,230
Speaker 2: Right.

902
00:43:48,430 --> 00:43:50,049
Speaker 4: So, like, it has a rotor.

903
00:43:49,790 --> 00:43:53,200
Speaker 1: That moves blood constantly instead of, like, relying on this

904
00:43:53,239 --> 00:43:54,860
Speaker 1: thing to pump, like, an actual heart.

905
00:43:54,900 --> 00:43:57,900
Speaker 4: And it makes just less moving parts more simplified. It

906
00:43:57,940 --> 00:43:59,180
Speaker 4: makes a lot more sense, I think.

907
00:43:59,360 --> 00:44:02,640
Speaker 2: Totally. It's way more stripped down, way less parts. So, yeah,

908
00:44:02,660 --> 00:44:05,570
Speaker 2: the idea of wear and tear is … much different

909
00:44:05,590 --> 00:44:08,830
Speaker 2: than what it is with all the other artificial heart designs.

910
00:44:08,890 --> 00:44:12,390
Speaker 2: So who knows? Yeah, I mean, this, I was reading

911
00:44:12,450 --> 00:44:14,150
Speaker 2: about it and people were like, this may be the one,

912
00:44:14,190 --> 00:44:16,910
Speaker 2: that total artificial heart that if you go in and

913
00:44:16,930 --> 00:44:19,980
Speaker 2: you need a heart, they ordered this from the supplier

914
00:44:20,000 --> 00:44:21,520
Speaker 2: and the supplier sent it to them. And now they're

915
00:44:21,540 --> 00:44:22,879
Speaker 2: going to put it in your chest and you're going

916
00:44:22,900 --> 00:44:25,820
Speaker 2: to live X number of years walking around with a

917
00:44:25,880 --> 00:44:27,180
Speaker 2: knot attached to a fridge.

918
00:44:27,700 --> 00:44:27,899
Speaker 3: Yeah.

919
00:44:28,060 --> 00:44:30,860
Speaker 4: And they say, you're the first person. And you go, oh, great.

920
00:44:31,540 --> 00:44:36,719
Speaker 2: I know. Remember we talked about test pilots or test aircraft.

921
00:44:36,780 --> 00:44:40,640
Speaker 2: And it was in the Hindenburg episode, I think, where

922
00:44:40,660 --> 00:44:43,040
Speaker 2: it was like when you're in the double digits of

923
00:44:43,500 --> 00:44:46,009
Speaker 2: the test aircraft, you do not want to do it.

924
00:44:46,010 --> 00:44:48,350
Speaker 2: You want to wait until at least double or triple digits.

925
00:44:48,690 --> 00:44:50,009
Speaker 2: Same with an artificial heart.

926
00:44:50,550 --> 00:44:51,290
Speaker 4: Yeah, agreed.

927
00:44:51,710 --> 00:44:53,170
Speaker 1: And, you know, the last thing I just want to

928
00:44:53,210 --> 00:44:56,049
Speaker 1: say as far as the PSA is I feel like

929
00:44:56,150 --> 00:45:01,060
Speaker 1: heart issues are way more male focused. You tend to

930
00:45:01,100 --> 00:45:03,219
Speaker 1: think of like men having a heart attack and men

931
00:45:03,280 --> 00:45:05,660
Speaker 1: needing this kind of stuff and men having cardiac arrest.

932
00:45:05,719 --> 00:45:09,819
Speaker 1: But that's that's does a disservice to the fact that

933
00:45:10,620 --> 00:45:13,950
Speaker 1: plenty of women need this help and care and screenings

934
00:45:14,010 --> 00:45:14,430
Speaker 1: as well.

935
00:45:14,510 --> 00:45:16,589
Speaker 4: So we're talking to everyone here.

936
00:45:16,890 --> 00:45:17,069
Speaker 3: Yep.

937
00:45:17,910 --> 00:45:19,069
Speaker 2: Good job, man. That was great.

938
00:45:19,550 --> 00:45:20,770
Speaker 4: Yeah.

939
00:45:20,910 --> 00:45:24,610
Speaker 2: Well, that's it for heart for now. Sorry to this point, Jerry,

940
00:45:24,670 --> 00:45:27,310
Speaker 2: who very excitedly said the band when we told her

941
00:45:27,350 --> 00:45:31,600
Speaker 2: what we were recording. Yeah. And since I just said

942
00:45:31,780 --> 00:45:34,940
Speaker 2: we disappointed Jerry, that means that we've unlocked listener mail.

943
00:45:37,219 --> 00:45:39,460
Speaker 4: Yeah, this is a quick correction of sorts.

944
00:45:39,660 --> 00:45:42,620
Speaker 1: And the short stuff about flappers, you guys, Josh mentioned.

945
00:45:42,380 --> 00:45:44,080
Speaker 4: Clara Bow was the first It Girl.

946
00:45:44,640 --> 00:45:48,520
Speaker 1: Clara Bow was in the film It, not the horror film, obviously,

947
00:45:49,239 --> 00:45:51,440
Speaker 1: and may have been referred to as an It Girl.

948
00:45:51,980 --> 00:45:54,299
Speaker 1: But I believe the very first It Girl, as you

949
00:45:54,820 --> 00:45:56,910
Speaker 1: guys were talking about, was Evelyn Nesbitt.

950
00:45:56,930 --> 00:45:57,450
Speaker 2: Okay.

951
00:45:58,219 --> 00:45:59,839
Speaker 4: Just throwing that out there. Thanks for the great shows.

952
00:45:59,880 --> 00:46:03,260
Speaker 1: That is from Dave Twiss in Massachusetts.

953
00:46:03,580 --> 00:46:07,230
Speaker 2: Very nice. Thanks a lot, Dave. Yeah, I probably would

954
00:46:07,250 --> 00:46:10,290
Speaker 2: have guessed Clara Bow after that. And by God, I

955
00:46:10,310 --> 00:46:11,790
Speaker 2: would have gotten it wrong again.

956
00:46:12,370 --> 00:46:13,649
Speaker 4: Well, according to this guy.

957
00:46:14,310 --> 00:46:16,469
Speaker 2: So if you want to be like Dave and tell

958
00:46:16,530 --> 00:46:18,980
Speaker 2: us something, some fact or correction that may or may

959
00:46:19,020 --> 00:46:21,580
Speaker 2: not be true, we would love to hear that. You

960
00:46:21,600 --> 00:46:24,980
Speaker 2: can send it off via email to stuffpodcasts at iheartradio.com.

961
00:46:28,510 --> 00:46:31,380
Speaker 4: Stuff You Should Know is a production of iHeartRadio. For

962
00:46:31,420 --> 00:46:35,520
Speaker 4: more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts,

963
00:46:35,680 --> 00:46:37,470
Speaker 4: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.