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Speaker 1: Hey, everybody, Welcome to Creature Feature, the show where we

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Speaker 1: feature creatures. I'm your host, Katie Golden. I studied evolutionary

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Speaker 1: biology and psychology, So today on the show, we're talking

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Speaker 1: about some more human and animal psychology, biology and behaviors,

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Speaker 1: and I want to talk about how sometimes big things

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Speaker 1: come in small packages, especially when it comes to the

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Speaker 1: animal kingdom. Today we're talking the classic tale of David

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Speaker 1: and Goliath. Unlikely matchups with even unlikelier conclusions. Which of

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Speaker 1: these underdogs will be top dogs in this dog eat

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Speaker 1: dog world? Discover this and more as we answer the

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Speaker 1: age old question what's the best way to round house

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Speaker 1: kick a wasp? And stay tuned, we have a special

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Speaker 1: interview with Dr Greg Paully, curator, herpetologist, and snake whisperer.

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Speaker 1: So I'm sure everybody knows the story of David and Goliath,

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Speaker 1: the scrappy little dude fighting and taking down a giant.

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Speaker 1: But what if we got it all wrong? What if

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Speaker 1: David was a giant killing predator armed with a rock

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Speaker 1: slinging weapon. In the natural world, it's not always so

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Speaker 1: clear who the true underdog in this situation is, And

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Speaker 1: in fact, there's a little David like spider who casts

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Speaker 1: her own stones. She's called the bullus spider. The bolus

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Speaker 1: spider group consists of several species of orb weaving spiders

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Speaker 1: native to America, Australia, and Africa, who hunt not just

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Speaker 1: by weaving a web, but with a handmade bullus weapon.

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Speaker 1: The human version of the bullus is similar to David's weapon,

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Speaker 1: though instead of a sling, it's a couple of weighted

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Speaker 1: balls tied to a cord, which, when world above your

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Speaker 1: head and thrown, can be used to capture animals by

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Speaker 1: entangling their legs. Bolus spiders use a sticky blop on

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Speaker 1: the end of a line of spider silk their prey moths,

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Speaker 1: which are often much larger than the spiders themselves. The

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Speaker 1: spider will dangle her bullus out like a fishing lure,

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Speaker 1: then swinging as the moth gets within her range. The

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Speaker 1: moth gets stuck to this dicky glove of stilk, and

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Speaker 1: the spider reels it in even more sinister that glob

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Speaker 1: of sticky thread is often laced with pharamones that attract mobs.

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Speaker 1: The moms think they're about to meet a sexy single,

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Speaker 1: but instead they meet their doom One more thing about

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Speaker 1: the bullet spiders. Some species have developed a pretty creative

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Speaker 1: form of camouflage. They look like bird turds. They're lumpy, shiny,

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Speaker 1: white and brown abdomens are meant to mimic bird dukies,

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Speaker 1: an unappetizing prospect for predators and an unexpected source of

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Speaker 1: danger for prey. So if one bullet spider says to

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Speaker 1: another you look like ship today, she'll say, hey, thanks.

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Speaker 1: So joining me today is Alex the clam Schmidt, or

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Speaker 1: as I like to call him, the itty Bitty Schmitty Committee.

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Speaker 1: It's gonna be We worked. We worked on those nicknames.

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Speaker 1: It's like when you have two winners, you can't choose,

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Speaker 1: gotta list all the names. I also, when you were

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Speaker 1: talking about the bullus is, I realized that my touchstone

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Speaker 1: for those kinds of weapons are David from David and

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Speaker 1: Goliath and Batman two. Yeah. Yeah, this sort of insert

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Speaker 1: or a wonder woman to those kind of ensnaring West

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Speaker 1: weapons with the swinging um. Batman's got the battering, doesn't he. Yeah?

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Speaker 1: He well, he's he's weird because he has a whole

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Speaker 1: belt of stuff. He's got a whole belt, a utility belt.

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Speaker 1: We'll suddenly have a page a dork. Yes, my favorite

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Speaker 1: is in the old the Batman cartoons, like Adam West Batman,

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Speaker 1: but the just cartoon version, like he had anti gravity

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Speaker 1: spray just belt so as they were falling down a cliff,

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Speaker 1: he just deployed that anti gravity spray. So I actually

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Speaker 1: have a video of the bullet spider if you want

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Speaker 1: to take a look at that. Here she is, she's

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Speaker 1: got her you can see it. It's like it looks

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Speaker 1: like a fishing lure that she's just holding out with

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Speaker 1: one of her legs and she's like, you know, doing

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Speaker 1: this kind of come heather thing with it, um. And

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Speaker 1: then shortly a moth is gonna just fly right right

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Speaker 1: into her trap and she'll reel it in, and it's

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Speaker 1: it's just so funny because it looks like they're kind

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Speaker 1: of fishing, um, just like do do do waiting for

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Speaker 1: him off. It's very it's very looney too. It's like

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Speaker 1: dangling a carrot on a string. Yeah, like a wildly

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Speaker 1: coyote situation. It's just it's it's like it lifts it

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Speaker 1: when it's when the moth is nearby and there it's

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Speaker 1: it snaggs it and then it reels it in and

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Speaker 1: it's times like the moth can be pretty big compared

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Speaker 1: to the actual spider, So it's pretty because like the

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Speaker 1: problem with moths for regular spider webs is that first

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Speaker 1: of all, they they're quite big. They can like, you know,

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Speaker 1: tear a web. But there I was about to save feathers.

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Speaker 1: But their wings have all these scales on them that

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Speaker 1: can come off and allow them to escape a web.

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Speaker 1: Um so interesting. Yeah, yeah, because you know, have you

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Speaker 1: ever felt a moth or kind of dusty? So yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's also just any time I think of an animal

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Speaker 1: who eats moths, like they have completely the opposite moth

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Speaker 1: opinion from me. They're like, you know, what's worth all

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Speaker 1: this effort a moth? Big mouth fulled moth. Even saying

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Speaker 1: moth feels saying the word moth kind of feels like

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Speaker 1: how having a moth in your mouth must must be

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Speaker 1: Han't that moth in your mouth? Yes? Well so another

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Speaker 1: story of a spidery underdog is the golden wheel spider. Uh.

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Speaker 1: It's native to southern Africa. It's kind of like a tarantula,

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Speaker 1: but it's yellowish instead of black or gray, and you

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Speaker 1: don't think of spiders as the victims that often, but

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Speaker 1: they actually are like they they have their share of

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Speaker 1: predators who um and one of them we've talked about

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Speaker 1: on the show before. It's particularly heinous. It's the parasitic

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Speaker 1: spider wasp, which will it's quite a menacing predator because

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Speaker 1: they'll inject the spider with paralyzing venom. They'll drag the

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Speaker 1: spider into their burrow. Then they lay their egg on

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Speaker 1: the spider and bury it alive, and as the egg hatches,

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Speaker 1: it'll eat this still living spider who's paralyzed slowly, oh

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Speaker 1: my god, just over the course of even can be

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Speaker 1: up to months. And it's called the parasitic spider wasps. Yes,

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Speaker 1: imagine imagine being such a parasite. Parasitic as on the

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Speaker 1: front of your name, right right, Mr crimes So. And actually,

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Speaker 1: tranchulas and other spiders don't really have much of a

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Speaker 1: defense against these wasps. They can't because the wasps are aerial.

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Speaker 1: They can fly, so it's really hard for them to

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Speaker 1: They just kind of try to defend themselves as best

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Speaker 1: as they can, and they actually, because they're flying. The

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Speaker 1: rangelas do the technique of like predatory birds where they

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Speaker 1: kind of ball up, but that just leaves them even

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Speaker 1: more exposed to the spider wasps um. But then that's true,

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Speaker 1: they got ninety nine legs and problems, well they don't

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Speaker 1: have they only have eight legs, but you know, would help.

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Speaker 1: So the Golden Wheel Spider goes full Sonic the Hedgehog,

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Speaker 1: where it will becomes too erotic and its movie version

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Speaker 1: becomes too highly detailed and disquietingly too many muscles in

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Speaker 1: its face. Yeah, they will transform into a wheel and

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Speaker 1: cartwheeled down dunes. Uh, and it's they can go up

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Speaker 1: to STPs which is my term for spidy turns per

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Speaker 1: second um and they just it's really funny to watch

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Speaker 1: because they just uh they see the wasps and the

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Speaker 1: wasp is attacking it um and the wasp can actually

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Speaker 1: dig it out, dig it out of its burrow. So

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Speaker 1: and there it goes rolls down like Sonic and also

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Speaker 1: the sand element makes me think of san true the Pokemon.

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Speaker 1: Oh yeah yeah yeah yeah, and it just tumbles down

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Speaker 1: the dune side down a dune, um away from the danger.

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Speaker 1: Whoever shot this got a lot of coverage. This is

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Speaker 1: like ten different angles on that role. I love it.

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Speaker 1: Drone footage of this spider um. So there's another victim

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Speaker 1: of predatory wasps whom I think we don't think of

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Speaker 1: as needing sympathy. But the humble cockroach. Oh finally, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean I do agree that they're gross. I personally

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Speaker 1: have a very strong aversion to cockroaches. But there's still

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Speaker 1: an animal. They got their own life and their own hobbies.

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Speaker 1: I'm sure whatever they do. Yeah, do you have a

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Speaker 1: lot of bug phobia? Are not? Really? There's only really

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Speaker 1: two insects that I'm phobic of, I would say, which

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Speaker 1: would be cockroaches and silverfish. Um, those are the little

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Speaker 1: gray ones that have a bunch of legs and they're

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Speaker 1: just they're they're little, but they're just nasty. I don't know,

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Speaker 1: And I'm not even phobic. I'm not afraid of them.

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Speaker 1: I just they gross me out. But I don't mind spiders.

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Speaker 1: They don't. There's not really many other insects that bother me.

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Speaker 1: It sounds like silverfish had great pr on that name.

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Speaker 1: Don't sound like silver. They don't fish or mus they

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Speaker 1: really they don't. They're not silver. They're just dirty, little,

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Speaker 1: great nasty things, the dirty bug. So cockroaches also face

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Speaker 1: the predatory wasp. It's called the jewel wasp, which rides

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Speaker 1: them like a cowboy, injects them with paralyzing venom and

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Speaker 1: then a neurotoxin that actually allows the wasp to hijack

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Speaker 1: their brain and steer them towards their spiders or their

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Speaker 1: wasped in um and then like the like the spiders,

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Speaker 1: the cockroach has become a meal for the wasps larva

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Speaker 1: um where they bury them alive and then the larva

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Speaker 1: slowly eats them over the course of like at its leisure.

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Speaker 1: And it's called the jewel wasp. Yes, the jewel wasp. Um.

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Speaker 1: That's another because that sounds like like some kind of

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Speaker 1: fancy They are pretty. They are pretty. They are shiny

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Speaker 1: green um, and they kind of do they've they've got curves.

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Speaker 1: They do look like a fancy lady. Actually, hey, they're

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Speaker 1: a'm jewel wasp. I think they would be female. The

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Speaker 1: ones that are predatory so um, I mean certainly the

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Speaker 1: ones that do this behavior because they're the ones laying

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Speaker 1: the eggs. So they're like, hey, they're a good looking

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Speaker 1: you wanna come to my burrow and have my young

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Speaker 1: slowly you over several months, Well, you gotta be coordinated

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Speaker 1: to inject whatever their poison is and hold one of

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Speaker 1: those cigarettes on a longholder like my, my, sometimes I've

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Speaker 1: got some neurotoxins. Um. But first uh so it choose

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Speaker 1: the cockroaches antenna off and researchers aren't sure. Why could

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Speaker 1: just be to be a jerk. Yeah, ruined their reception. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I can't no channels, um the cockroaches. Dad is on

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Speaker 1: the roof just fighting with it. It's more of an

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Speaker 1: old tech reference. Children. We used to get our TV

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Speaker 1: through like wires that we put on our roofs, and

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Speaker 1: then when it stopped working, Dad would get up on

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Speaker 1: the war roof and swear a lot, and then you'd

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Speaker 1: fall off the roof and swear some more. That's how

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Speaker 1: it was being a Dad was terrified. So it uses

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Speaker 1: the remaining antenna to uh lead it to its den

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Speaker 1: like a dog on the leash, and the neurotoxins have

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Speaker 1: just rendered it completely docile, like as zombie. Um. Then

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Speaker 1: it buries the roach and lays its egg, and then

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Speaker 1: it becomes like the zombie crib that also doubles as

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Speaker 1: a larger for the baby wasp. Yeah. And animals are

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Speaker 1: just so ready to use each other's bodies as like spaces.

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Speaker 1: You know, like we're we're pretty brutal creatures ourselves, but

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Speaker 1: we don't do a ton of that, right, Like, I mean,

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Speaker 1: we just don't bother. I mean, you know, so like

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Speaker 1: all right, we wear the skin of dead animals and

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Speaker 1: eat them, and that all seems pretty bad, but animals

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Speaker 1: do it. I'm not saying that we should keep doing that.

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Speaker 1: I'm just saying that animals also do that kind of

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Speaker 1: horrifying stuff. Yeah, I've never been like that whale is

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Speaker 1: going to be my house. Yeah that would be crazy. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: not into it. I mean in Pinocchio, it looked pretty rumy.

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Speaker 1: They got all the fish they could ever eat too. Well,

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Speaker 1: you're very open about it. Well, so the cockroaches, when

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Speaker 1: faced with the seemingly insurmountable odds with the predator that

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Speaker 1: just has like neurotoxins and can turn it into a zombie,

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Speaker 1: they just rear up on their legs and swing their

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Speaker 1: back leg like a baseball bat and deliver a roundhouse

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Speaker 1: kick to the wasps head. Oh yeah, finally roundhouse kicks. Yes. Um,

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Speaker 1: And it's uh, it's really it's oddly precise how they

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Speaker 1: can just like nail these wasps in the face and

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Speaker 1: they say it's kind of funny, like they just send

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Speaker 1: the wasp flying. U. Where is it on the VANDAM scale?

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Speaker 1: Like one to ten mm nine point five? Good? Yeah

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Speaker 1: yeah um, missing points only because they don't like mug

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Speaker 1: at the camera after doing it. So Eastern honey bees,

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Speaker 1: which are one of my favorite insects. There, you know,

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Speaker 1: cute they make honey, they're not they're not too mean.

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Speaker 1: Sometimes I'll sting you, you know if you if you

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Speaker 1: provoke them, Yeah, he's gonna be um. And these are

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Speaker 1: found in Asia and they will defend their hives by

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Speaker 1: boiling invaders alive, kind of like a medieval siege anti

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Speaker 1: seal weapons. Yeah yeah um. So when an invader like

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Speaker 1: a hornet gets into their nest, the honey bees are

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Speaker 1: outmatched in terms of size, but they can work together

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Speaker 1: to defeat their attacker in one of the most gruesome

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Speaker 1: ways I've heard of. So they boil the hornet alive

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Speaker 1: by dog piling it and vibrating their muscles um which

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Speaker 1: increases the temperature of this like little ball of bees

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Speaker 1: that are surrounding the hornet, until the hornet will boil

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Speaker 1: alive at temperatures of up to a hundred and fifteen

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Speaker 1: degrees fahrenheit, and this this also increases the levels of

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Speaker 1: c O two, so that in combination, if the heat

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Speaker 1: doesn't kill it, the levels of CO two also will

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Speaker 1: get it, and that most of the honey bees can

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Speaker 1: survive this. They can survive the hot temperatures and CEO

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Speaker 1: two levels um, but the hornet can't um um. So

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Speaker 1: it's like they'll just kind of vibrate around this hornet

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Speaker 1: and disperse and there's like a dead hornet. Yeah. Well,

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Speaker 1: it would be kind of worse if the hornet could

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Speaker 1: survive it, because then it's just endless vibrating. Yeah, like

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Speaker 1: when you're on a real bumpy road and you you

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Speaker 1: get out of the car and you're trying to get

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Speaker 1: your land legs and your eyes are just jiggling in

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Speaker 1: their sockets. Yea. Well, it's interesting is hornets and bees

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Speaker 1: have something called an I see you predator prayer relationship,

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Speaker 1: which is an actual term. I feel like biologists have

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Speaker 1: the most adorable terms for things. So so I see

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Speaker 1: you is the really like it's when I am something

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Speaker 1: that is often a prey item will signal to the

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Speaker 1: predator that it has seen it, and it's telling the predator, hey, buddy,

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Speaker 1: I see you. I'm not worth your time. So it

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Speaker 1: doesn't run away necessarily because and I think, um, some

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Speaker 1: species of squirrels will do this in response to snakes,

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Speaker 1: where they like lift their tail up in a way

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Speaker 1: that's saying, hey, I see you. You've lost the element

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Speaker 1: of surprise, so why bother. So the bees will do this,

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Speaker 1: so when they see a hornet, they'll start beating their

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Speaker 1: wings violently and producing this menacing hume like. So it's

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Speaker 1: not because the typical thing we all hear about is

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Speaker 1: fight or flight, and this is some kind of uh,

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Speaker 1: dissuade them from fighting. Yeah, it's a I would say

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Speaker 1: it's like towards the fight end of the spectrum where

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Speaker 1: they're they're saying, I we see you. You don't want

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Speaker 1: our our jigglibe ball, do you? And then sometimes this

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Speaker 1: will be enough to get the hornet to leave because

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Speaker 1: it's like, I don't want to be in the middle

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Speaker 1: of a big, old, vibrant and ball. But that sounds

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Speaker 1: a little fun, but probably if you get reasted to death,

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Speaker 1: it's like a theme park ride, like if it we're

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Speaker 1: not safe, it would not be fun right right, like

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Speaker 1: thunder Mountain Jewels. Yet around it was built by Pias

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Speaker 1: to kill me. I would not write it, but just

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Speaker 1: welcome to be a world. We jiggle youa a lot. So.

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Speaker 1: The kangaroo rat is another adorable little guy, which you

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Speaker 1: would think wouldn't it's just a totally helpless piece of prey.

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Speaker 1: They look like kangaroo rat, they look more like mice. Um.

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Speaker 1: They're they get their name not because they're in Australia.

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Speaker 1: They're actually native to western North America in semi arid

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Speaker 1: or arid areas like Arizona. They're adorable little mice like things,

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Speaker 1: and their hind haunches are quite muscular, and that's why

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Speaker 1: they get the term kangaroo rat because they kind of,

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Speaker 1: you know, there's a little bit of that kangaroo nous

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Speaker 1: and they can hop like there would be a great

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Speaker 1: minor league baseball mascot names that now the kangaroo rats. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: like a softball team. You want any any regional animal

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Speaker 1: with like one quarter, that's the best minor league baseball

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Speaker 1: Arizona kangaroo rats across team a man to be taken seriously. Um. So,

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Speaker 1: like the cockroach, the kangaroo rats will deliver a flying

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Speaker 1: kick to escape the things of rattlesnakes UM. They their

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Speaker 1: first approaches, they try to leap out of the way

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Speaker 1: of the snake strike um with a reaction time of

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Speaker 1: just a few fractions of a second, so they have

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Speaker 1: very good reflexes and very muscular legs. They never skip

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Speaker 1: leg day, arm day a little bit. They got little

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Speaker 1: tiny arms, but leg day. But if the snake actually

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Speaker 1: manages to grab it, you think, okay, fight over snake

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Speaker 1: wins um. But no, they actually will sometimes be able

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Speaker 1: to kick the snake in the face and produce act

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Speaker 1: itself out of its mouth before the snake gets the

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Speaker 1: chance to inject venom. And it's really really funny to watch.

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Speaker 1: I'm gonna gonna show and that just kicks it away. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: So so we're taking a look and it the snake

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Speaker 1: actually grabs it, and it kicks its head and the

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Speaker 1: snake goes flying and it's really funny because its mouth

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Speaker 1: is a gape and this video is in slow motion,

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Speaker 1: so the snake looks like um, and that's it's just

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Speaker 1: a yeah, it's so interesting to me when you have

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Speaker 1: an animal like what what is more innocent than a

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Speaker 1: mouse um and it but it they animals really want

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Speaker 1: to live and they will do their darndists to stay alive. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: That it's like it even made sure. Okay, if they

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Speaker 1: bite me in the middle, my feet are in a

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Speaker 1: perfect position to keep it in the neck, right, great,

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Speaker 1: good job. He landed one square in a snake's face. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and it one flying. It's very funny because snakes normally

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Speaker 1: they look quite I don't regal, isn't the world, but

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Speaker 1: but menacing. They look sleek and menacing, like killing machines.

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Speaker 1: But a snake that's been kicked in the face looks

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Speaker 1: very funny. I don't see a lot of There was

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Speaker 1: one time I was at a zoo in Ohio and

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Speaker 1: we were looking at the like monkey exhibit and one

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Speaker 1: of the given type monkeys was swinging, swinging, swinging, missed misses,

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Speaker 1: the branch falls, lands and then like immediately gets back

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Speaker 1: up and tries to look cool. Normal as snakes have

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Speaker 1: like no limbs to make mistakes, so it just always

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Speaker 1: seem interesting, right right, But if it's here, Yeah, if

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Speaker 1: it gets kicked in the face, it's very goofy looking.

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Speaker 1: Imploying for lost. Yeah, it looked like Rocky. It's like

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Speaker 1: a shot early in the fight when it's not going

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Speaker 1: well right now, and he's like, oh good, you know

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Speaker 1: later it'll be fine. But just slow mo and jaw

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Speaker 1: waggling from some So. Another little cutie who actually has

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Speaker 1: a great strategy to defend itself a bit against big

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Speaker 1: predators are field fair birds. They are a small bird

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Speaker 1: in the thrush family, native to northern Europe and Asia.

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Speaker 1: Um their chicks make for very easy prey for ravens.

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Speaker 1: Um they're you know, they're they're bird babies. They're basically

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Speaker 1: just little sacks of feathers and meat. Um. So the

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Speaker 1: field fair birds are smaller and they really can't ravens

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Speaker 1: are quite large, so they don't have stand much of

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Speaker 1: a chance against them using conventional warfare. But they use

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Speaker 1: whatever weapons they do. They use whatever tools they have

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Speaker 1: at their disposal, their poop. Yes, So first the birds

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Speaker 1: down the alarm and that scrambles the birds they like,

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Speaker 1: issue alarm call and all the all the birds in

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Speaker 1: the area, the field for birds will start um swooping

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Speaker 1: and swarming the raven and try to intimidate it into

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Speaker 1: going away and if it if that doesn't work, this

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Speaker 1: is how David Attenborough describes it, screaming with rage. They

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Speaker 1: bomb the raven with their excrement. The duties. Yeah, because

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Speaker 1: I will that name like field Fair. It sounds like

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Speaker 1: a place in the shire or something. I expected a

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Speaker 1: very innocent bird, and they look innocent. They're like little songbirds.

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Speaker 1: They look quite sweet and cute. Um. And the duties

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Speaker 1: stick to the raven's feathers, making it difficult to fly.

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Speaker 1: So it's not just a gross out tactic. It will

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Speaker 1: actually render them immobile and in some cases that could

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Speaker 1: be fatal for the raven if they dry off in time,

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Speaker 1: makes them vulnerable to other predators. Um, like an oil spiller, yes, yes, exactly,

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Speaker 1: spilling a twelve. It's just so it's so interesting to

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Speaker 1: me because you know, you have you have this little

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Speaker 1: tiny bird. What what chance does it have? Well, it

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Speaker 1: didn't bet on poop, did it. That's so I wonder.

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Speaker 1: I wonder how purposefully they're like, oh I need to poop,

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Speaker 1: but I should hold on to it as a weapon

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Speaker 1: just in case I need. This is ammo, right, right,

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Speaker 1: I mean that is very David and Goliath though it's

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Speaker 1: whereas literally slinging you know, well, um, yeah, it's it's, um,

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Speaker 1: the smaller the animal probably the more creative they have

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Speaker 1: to be in terms of how they defend themselves. Um

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Speaker 1: like be it with poop or flying kicks or you know.

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Speaker 1: I actually, you know it's interesting because, um, when I'm

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Speaker 1: walking my dog as a you know, smaller person of

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Speaker 1: the female persuasion, like you just got to be alert.

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Speaker 1: I mean, everyone has to be alert at night. But

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Speaker 1: you know, it's just like be alert. You know. I'm

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Speaker 1: try not to be paranoid of everyone. But I noticed,

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Speaker 1: like after my dog poops and I have that bag

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Speaker 1: of poop, I feel empowered, Like I feel like I

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Speaker 1: have a weapon. I have like a morning start made

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Speaker 1: out of poop. So I feel like if someone came

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Speaker 1: up to me and meant bad, I would just throw

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Speaker 1: the poop at them. And now I'm armed with poop.

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Speaker 1: It's a good it's it makes me feel safe. I

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Speaker 1: think I understand gun owners now, except my guns would

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Speaker 1: just shoot poop. Yeah, and yours is all natural, all

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Speaker 1: natural and organic poop gun top That second Amendment was

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Speaker 1: second amendment more like number two amendment. I'm no biblical

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Speaker 1: or historical scholar, but I wonder how much bigger Goliath

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Speaker 1: really was than David. Was he actually a giant or

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Speaker 1: was this a case of collective Alice in Wonderland syndrome.

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Speaker 1: This syndrome, known as Todd's syndrome or dysmatropia, is a

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Speaker 1: neurological syndrome that affects visual perception. Remember in Alice in Wonderland,

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Speaker 1: where our girl gets shrunken down, or blown up, the

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Speaker 1: world growing or shrinking around her. That's what sufferers of

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Speaker 1: this syndrome experience, either micropsia things appearing smaller or macropsia

398
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Speaker 1: things appearing larger, or even objects appearing closer or further

399
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Speaker 1: away than they appear, a sort of mental side view mirror.

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Speaker 1: The cause of Alice in Wonderland syndrome is varied. It

401
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Speaker 1: could be a brain tumor a migraine, a symptom of

402
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Speaker 1: the epstein bar virus, the cause of mono or psychoactive drugs.

403
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Speaker 1: I mean, we all know Alice was probably tripping her

404
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Speaker 1: yarn balls off. The general causes in an abnormal amount

405
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Speaker 1: of activity in the visual processing parts of the brain,

406
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Speaker 1: resulting in increased blood flow to the area. So maybe

407
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Speaker 1: David was sky high on shrooms. Probably not, although anyone

408
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Speaker 1: who shows up to a battle with nothing more than

409
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Speaker 1: a few rocks might be a little high. Hey, we'll

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Speaker 1: get your rocks off, but first we got to take

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Speaker 1: a quick break. When we get back, I hope you

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Speaker 1: have the stomach for it. It's gonna be about animals

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Speaker 1: eating each other. We're about to discuss some animals who

414
00:26:44,080 --> 00:26:46,760
Speaker 1: bite off more than they can chew. But first, do

415
00:26:47,000 --> 00:26:50,080
Speaker 1: you or anyone you know have miss aphonia. It's the

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Speaker 1: term for a strong aversion to the sound of chewing.

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Speaker 1: I'm not talking being mildly annoyed by popcorn in the theater,

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Speaker 1: but the sound of munching and slurping and gulping being

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Speaker 1: enough for you to lose your appetite or even fly

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00:27:02,640 --> 00:27:06,520
Speaker 1: into a rage. For people with missophonia, chewing or other

421
00:27:06,640 --> 00:27:10,879
Speaker 1: repetitive sounds can trigger the flight or fight reflex. Researchers

422
00:27:10,920 --> 00:27:13,840
Speaker 1: looked at the brains of those with messophonia using fMRI

423
00:27:13,880 --> 00:27:17,080
Speaker 1: I and found that while listening to trigger sounds, there

424
00:27:17,160 --> 00:27:20,679
Speaker 1: was an increased brain activity in areas responsible for emotions,

425
00:27:21,040 --> 00:27:25,960
Speaker 1: long term memory, and fear. The culprit the anterior insular cortex,

426
00:27:26,119 --> 00:27:29,720
Speaker 1: which seemed to spur this increase in activity. The anterior

427
00:27:29,800 --> 00:27:33,520
Speaker 1: insular cortex is responsible for a variety of functions, including

428
00:27:33,600 --> 00:27:38,440
Speaker 1: sensory processing, cognitive emotional processing, and even things like interpreting

429
00:27:38,480 --> 00:27:42,080
Speaker 1: the meaning of one's own heartbeat, imagining pain, and judging

430
00:27:42,119 --> 00:27:45,960
Speaker 1: how painful something is. If you think you may have missophonia,

431
00:27:46,040 --> 00:27:49,720
Speaker 1: there's some good news. Cognitive behavioral therapy has been shown

432
00:27:49,760 --> 00:27:53,160
Speaker 1: to help, and even better news, we're about to discuss

433
00:27:53,200 --> 00:27:56,040
Speaker 1: an animal who doesn't chew at all. In fact, it

434
00:27:56,240 --> 00:27:59,720
Speaker 1: likes to swallow prey items wigh larger than its own body,

435
00:28:00,000 --> 00:28:04,520
Speaker 1: all without chewing. So, Alex, what are your opinions on chewing?

436
00:28:04,680 --> 00:28:12,199
Speaker 1: Yes or no? I do it when I've come across

437
00:28:12,240 --> 00:28:14,720
Speaker 1: one or two people who I think have that misophonia

438
00:28:14,800 --> 00:28:16,920
Speaker 1: becas I'll be eating with them and they're like, can

439
00:28:17,040 --> 00:28:21,040
Speaker 1: you stop? Stop eating? Maybe can't be more closed than

440
00:28:21,119 --> 00:28:24,440
Speaker 1: it is, like chew with your mouth clothes like I

441
00:28:24,760 --> 00:28:28,000
Speaker 1: but my mouth has to open a little right right,

442
00:28:29,680 --> 00:28:31,480
Speaker 1: Or I can just shove the food into my mouth

443
00:28:31,600 --> 00:28:37,119
Speaker 1: like Whimpy from Popeye just Burgergergner. Well, if you did that,

444
00:28:37,359 --> 00:28:40,600
Speaker 1: you would be like the black swallower, which is a fish.

445
00:28:42,480 --> 00:28:44,160
Speaker 1: It sounds it sounds like, you know, like the black

446
00:28:44,320 --> 00:28:46,680
Speaker 1: night from the stuff when it sounds like the worst

447
00:28:46,680 --> 00:28:52,040
Speaker 1: swallower in the road, sounds like some kind of warlock

448
00:28:52,120 --> 00:28:57,120
Speaker 1: who's like, did you die the relex swallower? What's your powers?

449
00:28:57,200 --> 00:29:06,560
Speaker 1: I swallow the night all the King's food. No. Um,

450
00:29:06,760 --> 00:29:09,840
Speaker 1: So I'm gonna show you. Well. Wait, actually, first you're

451
00:29:09,880 --> 00:29:12,360
Speaker 1: just gonna describe it. So it's a deep sea fish

452
00:29:12,480 --> 00:29:14,920
Speaker 1: that can grow up to nine inches and it has

453
00:29:14,960 --> 00:29:17,880
Speaker 1: a habit of eating things way bigger than its own body.

454
00:29:18,760 --> 00:29:22,160
Speaker 1: It's found in deep North Atlantic waters at depths of

455
00:29:22,720 --> 00:29:25,560
Speaker 1: two thousand and nine thousand feet. Um. So it's one

456
00:29:25,560 --> 00:29:29,800
Speaker 1: of these spooky deep seafish that are all bony and teeth.

457
00:29:32,280 --> 00:29:34,080
Speaker 1: I know Alex doesn't like these, so I had to

458
00:29:34,200 --> 00:29:36,360
Speaker 1: include it. Yeah. They're all like it's like if a

459
00:29:36,480 --> 00:29:39,440
Speaker 1: zip lock bag was angry. They're all like glowy and

460
00:29:40,600 --> 00:29:42,280
Speaker 1: hard to look at. It looks like one of those

461
00:29:42,320 --> 00:29:45,600
Speaker 1: stress balls full of the little like beads and stuff,

462
00:29:45,760 --> 00:29:48,280
Speaker 1: but instead of beads, its bones. Yeah. And you can

463
00:29:48,320 --> 00:29:53,040
Speaker 1: see all the organs ter pumping away everything. All their

464
00:29:53,360 --> 00:29:58,840
Speaker 1: blood looks black. Yeah, so we should exterminate the species. Well,

465
00:29:59,480 --> 00:30:01,960
Speaker 1: it gets the and better, Alex. It has a distintable

466
00:30:02,040 --> 00:30:04,640
Speaker 1: stomach that can hold prey twice its length and up

467
00:30:04,680 --> 00:30:08,720
Speaker 1: to ten times its mass. It's just can swing down

468
00:30:08,880 --> 00:30:10,920
Speaker 1: and open large enough to eat things bigger than its

469
00:30:11,000 --> 00:30:13,160
Speaker 1: own head, kind of like a snake. I'm going to

470
00:30:13,240 --> 00:30:19,440
Speaker 1: show you a picture of ah man um. So what

471
00:30:19,560 --> 00:30:24,000
Speaker 1: I've just shown Alex is a terrible looking fish um,

472
00:30:24,200 --> 00:30:27,960
Speaker 1: and its stomach looks like a water balloon and it's

473
00:30:28,040 --> 00:30:33,320
Speaker 1: full of I think a squid. Maybe it's hard to tell,

474
00:30:33,920 --> 00:30:37,600
Speaker 1: but you can still see. So the stomach can stretch,

475
00:30:37,800 --> 00:30:40,400
Speaker 1: but it's so stretchy that you can actually see through it.

476
00:30:41,080 --> 00:30:43,719
Speaker 1: So it just looks like this big bag of squid

477
00:30:43,840 --> 00:30:48,840
Speaker 1: attached to this fish that it's otherwise pretty shrimpy looking. Well,

478
00:30:49,080 --> 00:30:51,239
Speaker 1: it looks it looks like if someone told you, hey,

479
00:30:51,360 --> 00:30:55,520
Speaker 1: I need a photoshop of a minnow eating like a

480
00:30:55,920 --> 00:30:58,280
Speaker 1: massive animal, and you didn't have a lot of time,

481
00:30:58,440 --> 00:31:00,719
Speaker 1: you would just draw a big egg under the men

482
00:31:01,040 --> 00:31:04,240
Speaker 1: with the animal in it. It's a child's idea of

483
00:31:04,320 --> 00:31:10,480
Speaker 1: eating um. Sometimes its eyes are bigger than its stomach

484
00:31:10,720 --> 00:31:17,200
Speaker 1: so much that it accidentally kills itself um just too much. Yes,

485
00:31:17,760 --> 00:31:22,800
Speaker 1: so prey can burst its stomach or more gruesomely, if

486
00:31:22,920 --> 00:31:26,080
Speaker 1: the prey is so large that decomposition sets in before

487
00:31:26,120 --> 00:31:29,640
Speaker 1: it can be digested. The decomp gases will force the

488
00:31:29,680 --> 00:31:33,239
Speaker 1: black swallower to float to the surface, killing it. Uh.

489
00:31:33,360 --> 00:31:37,080
Speaker 1: In fact, this is how most specimens are collected. It's

490
00:31:37,160 --> 00:31:41,400
Speaker 1: just like it's it's such a huge meal. They've just like,

491
00:31:41,520 --> 00:31:45,760
Speaker 1: well it's it doesn't have time to actually digest it.

492
00:31:45,840 --> 00:31:49,920
Speaker 1: And it's so it's so creepy, like the de comp

493
00:31:50,040 --> 00:31:53,720
Speaker 1: gases fill its body and it's like now I'm buoyant. Yeah,

494
00:31:54,040 --> 00:31:55,640
Speaker 1: well it's one of these animals that's just such a

495
00:31:55,760 --> 00:31:58,480
Speaker 1: killing machine. It's dumb, you know, like it just knows

496
00:31:58,520 --> 00:32:00,440
Speaker 1: how to eat stuff, so it's doesn't know how to

497
00:32:00,520 --> 00:32:03,320
Speaker 1: not die. Here's a picture of one with its stomach

498
00:32:03,440 --> 00:32:08,040
Speaker 1: just like torn open by a huge squid. Yeah, much

499
00:32:08,080 --> 00:32:13,160
Speaker 1: bigger animals just leaving. It's like it just do it

500
00:32:13,200 --> 00:32:16,600
Speaker 1: doesn't You're right, it doesn't look real. It doesn't look

501
00:32:16,640 --> 00:32:20,080
Speaker 1: like this should actually happen. But its like it doesn't

502
00:32:20,080 --> 00:32:23,480
Speaker 1: look like a real stomach. It looks like a plastic

503
00:32:23,600 --> 00:32:26,200
Speaker 1: bag attached to a fish where it's like, well the

504
00:32:26,240 --> 00:32:30,400
Speaker 1: food goes in here, I guess. It's so it's so creepy,

505
00:32:30,680 --> 00:32:33,480
Speaker 1: like draw a trout eating two pounds of beef. Yeah,

506
00:32:33,600 --> 00:32:35,200
Speaker 1: I don't know, it's just on the bottom of it.

507
00:32:35,280 --> 00:32:37,600
Speaker 1: I don't know. Okay, And in space is kind of

508
00:32:37,640 --> 00:32:39,800
Speaker 1: do you feel like this This one's dead. So that's

509
00:32:39,840 --> 00:32:41,880
Speaker 1: kind of tragic, I suppose, but it's face likes kind

510
00:32:41,920 --> 00:32:44,200
Speaker 1: of do be like, well because I bone this one up?

511
00:32:47,080 --> 00:32:50,880
Speaker 1: Uh So, Alex, on this show, we like to go

512
00:32:51,040 --> 00:32:58,560
Speaker 1: to a little place I like to call imagination station. Okay, alright,

513
00:32:59,240 --> 00:33:03,040
Speaker 1: on board, on board, all board the brain train to

514
00:33:03,800 --> 00:33:11,560
Speaker 1: chicken chicken. Um. So, imagine that you're just about to

515
00:33:12,000 --> 00:33:15,160
Speaker 1: sit down and eat what's your favorite food. Oh boy,

516
00:33:15,720 --> 00:33:19,560
Speaker 1: it's gotta be like a really good lemon pepper chicken. Okay,

517
00:33:19,680 --> 00:33:23,480
Speaker 1: So you've got your lemon pepper chicken and it's it's

518
00:33:23,600 --> 00:33:26,040
Speaker 1: in fact, it's like inviting you to eat it. It's

519
00:33:26,120 --> 00:33:29,480
Speaker 1: going Come here, Alex, come hither and partake of my

520
00:33:29,600 --> 00:33:32,200
Speaker 1: succulent meats. In my head, the little box of wings

521
00:33:32,280 --> 00:33:37,120
Speaker 1: is talking yeah yeah, yeah, yeah yeah yeah, just like,

522
00:33:37,440 --> 00:33:40,840
Speaker 1: come here, Alex. We're delicious and covered in lemony zest.

523
00:33:42,040 --> 00:33:44,400
Speaker 1: And you open up your box of lemon chicken and

524
00:33:44,480 --> 00:33:47,239
Speaker 1: you're you're you're bringing it towards your mouth. And all

525
00:33:47,280 --> 00:33:50,840
Speaker 1: of a sudden, just teeth pop out of the chicken

526
00:33:51,280 --> 00:33:55,440
Speaker 1: and bite you in the face. I'm not going back

527
00:33:55,480 --> 00:34:05,120
Speaker 1: to that wingstop well you know, I mean Chipotle, am right? Yeah,

528
00:34:05,160 --> 00:34:08,799
Speaker 1: that would be uh psychologically scarring, especially for me, an

529
00:34:08,800 --> 00:34:12,040
Speaker 1: intelligent animal. Be like, well, never again when your food

530
00:34:12,120 --> 00:34:15,480
Speaker 1: fights back. So I want to talk to you about

531
00:34:15,760 --> 00:34:18,880
Speaker 1: such a case. Uh it's this little guy called the

532
00:34:19,320 --> 00:34:22,879
Speaker 1: epimus beetle. Uh. They're only about a half an inch

533
00:34:22,920 --> 00:34:25,920
Speaker 1: to an inch big as adults, and they look innocent enough.

534
00:34:25,960 --> 00:34:30,200
Speaker 1: They're just like your average kind of semi shiny green beetle. Um.

535
00:34:31,000 --> 00:34:35,840
Speaker 1: But they're called obligate role reversal predators. So the obligate

536
00:34:35,960 --> 00:34:40,440
Speaker 1: part means that they must do that to survive. And um,

537
00:34:40,960 --> 00:34:44,600
Speaker 1: the role reversal predator is someone who like pretends to

538
00:34:44,719 --> 00:34:47,120
Speaker 1: be prey and then when their predator gets close enough,

539
00:34:47,239 --> 00:34:52,640
Speaker 1: they strike. Oh yeah, like uh sort of film fatale,

540
00:34:52,800 --> 00:34:56,239
Speaker 1: but their beetles and acting like food. Yeah. I just

541
00:34:56,320 --> 00:34:58,440
Speaker 1: saw the first season of Killing Eve. It's like when

542
00:34:58,520 --> 00:35:00,239
Speaker 1: she's in that club down there and she who's the

543
00:35:00,280 --> 00:35:02,960
Speaker 1: guy in that's not a reference for people, but anyway, no,

544
00:35:03,120 --> 00:35:05,239
Speaker 1: but that's that's cool. So like she she's kind of

545
00:35:05,280 --> 00:35:08,759
Speaker 1: like luring someone. I mean that is that. Yeah, there's

546
00:35:08,800 --> 00:35:11,280
Speaker 1: one episode where one of the one of the detective

547
00:35:11,320 --> 00:35:14,160
Speaker 1: people is pursuing her and she purposely leads him into

548
00:35:14,239 --> 00:35:16,920
Speaker 1: like one of those crowded you know, like euro disco

549
00:35:17,040 --> 00:35:19,920
Speaker 1: kind of clips and it's just tons of bodies, and

550
00:35:20,040 --> 00:35:22,400
Speaker 1: then there's a part where she just turns around and

551
00:35:22,520 --> 00:35:25,160
Speaker 1: smiles at him and you know that she knows he

552
00:35:25,239 --> 00:35:29,439
Speaker 1: can't get away, she can't get him, and then she does. Yeah,

553
00:35:29,600 --> 00:35:32,520
Speaker 1: that's creepy. That is like this that is so similar

554
00:35:32,560 --> 00:35:36,399
Speaker 1: to this beetle because it's just like wants it. Well,

555
00:35:36,800 --> 00:35:39,600
Speaker 1: once it's got, it's uh, it's victim like it takes

556
00:35:39,640 --> 00:35:43,920
Speaker 1: its sweet time. Um so um. The it's actually not

557
00:35:44,160 --> 00:35:47,440
Speaker 1: the adult beetle, but the baby beetles. The larva that

558
00:35:47,600 --> 00:35:52,080
Speaker 1: will do this behavior. Um, the bet a larva will

559
00:35:52,200 --> 00:35:55,680
Speaker 1: make sort of helpless, prey like movements like oh yeah,

560
00:35:55,840 --> 00:36:01,080
Speaker 1: I'm just secular, little larva. Give me, I'm so delicious

561
00:36:01,160 --> 00:36:10,960
Speaker 1: and tastes good. So it draws in predators like frogs,

562
00:36:11,719 --> 00:36:14,040
Speaker 1: and as the frogs about to chow down on what

563
00:36:14,160 --> 00:36:18,480
Speaker 1: looks like, you know, slimy but satisfying lava, uh, they

564
00:36:18,640 --> 00:36:24,120
Speaker 1: do they dodge the frogs attacks. Then the beetle lava

565
00:36:24,280 --> 00:36:29,240
Speaker 1: bites the frog in the neck or underside, disabling the frog.

566
00:36:29,440 --> 00:36:33,440
Speaker 1: It's just so gruesome. Then they attached themselves to their

567
00:36:33,520 --> 00:36:37,799
Speaker 1: frogs and slowly feed off them, like just sucking out

568
00:36:37,840 --> 00:36:41,480
Speaker 1: their juices like blood and stuff, just taking just like yeah,

569
00:36:41,600 --> 00:36:44,000
Speaker 1: like they they'll slowly eat at them, kind of like

570
00:36:44,080 --> 00:36:49,200
Speaker 1: a parasite. But I think they work quicker, right, not

571
00:36:49,320 --> 00:36:52,840
Speaker 1: like those lazy parasites. Yeah, she thought it was just

572
00:36:53,320 --> 00:37:02,440
Speaker 1: tasty little grab who's eating who? Now that's my grub voice,

573
00:37:05,280 --> 00:37:09,040
Speaker 1: because that's amazing. It's only the babies. Then the adults

574
00:37:09,239 --> 00:37:12,040
Speaker 1: maybe see this brutal behavior happened, and they're like so child,

575
00:37:12,880 --> 00:37:16,560
Speaker 1: Well the adults are also predatory. They but they instead

576
00:37:16,600 --> 00:37:20,200
Speaker 1: of playing the like innocent little baby kind of thing,

577
00:37:20,320 --> 00:37:24,120
Speaker 1: they'll sneak up behind their victim do a surgical strike,

578
00:37:24,200 --> 00:37:28,239
Speaker 1: which some researchers think they're severing the leg muscles, which

579
00:37:28,320 --> 00:37:31,000
Speaker 1: disables the frog and allows the beetle to eat at

580
00:37:31,080 --> 00:37:35,640
Speaker 1: its leisure. Just like there's so there's such assholes, like

581
00:37:36,320 --> 00:37:39,399
Speaker 1: just why can't they just kill it, get it over

582
00:37:39,480 --> 00:37:41,800
Speaker 1: with and eat it. But instead it's like looks like

583
00:37:42,040 --> 00:37:48,000
Speaker 1: you can't moving that shame kiss, I'm gonna I have

584
00:37:48,200 --> 00:37:54,440
Speaker 1: to eat your legs. Man. And frogs are such a

585
00:37:54,480 --> 00:37:57,640
Speaker 1: target for these guys or frogs. Well, it's frogs and

586
00:37:57,719 --> 00:38:02,200
Speaker 1: other amphibians. Um like new and such. Uh well nuts

587
00:38:02,239 --> 00:38:11,240
Speaker 1: Ham comment, Oh yeah, I love it. What a specific

588
00:38:11,960 --> 00:38:15,080
Speaker 1: brutal thing. I know, it's it's pretty metal, but it's

589
00:38:15,120 --> 00:38:18,480
Speaker 1: also it's just there's something so devious about it. Yeah,

590
00:38:18,520 --> 00:38:23,440
Speaker 1: it's creative but devious. Yeah, like a murderous baby. That's

591
00:38:23,480 --> 00:38:25,480
Speaker 1: such a creepy troup. Why do you think it is?

592
00:38:25,600 --> 00:38:29,800
Speaker 1: We're so creeped out by murder babies, you know, like like, ohmen,

593
00:38:30,040 --> 00:38:32,680
Speaker 1: what's another like murder baby? Boss Baby? Was that the

594
00:38:32,719 --> 00:38:37,680
Speaker 1: plot of boss Baby? Uh no, he murders a bunch

595
00:38:37,719 --> 00:38:40,359
Speaker 1: of people. I know, an embarrassing amount about the entire

596
00:38:40,440 --> 00:38:44,800
Speaker 1: movie I've seen. I watched boss Baby. Um actually for

597
00:38:45,000 --> 00:38:49,360
Speaker 1: this podcast once. There was a pilot episode that didn't

598
00:38:49,719 --> 00:38:53,040
Speaker 1: we didn't end up airing, But I watched Boss Baby before,

599
00:38:55,960 --> 00:38:58,440
Speaker 1: which was great, good use of my time. Then the

600
00:38:58,480 --> 00:39:02,120
Speaker 1: makers of Boss Baby killed the show. Yes, raw boss

601
00:39:02,160 --> 00:39:04,319
Speaker 1: Baby creators called this up. And it's like, you don't

602
00:39:04,440 --> 00:39:08,399
Speaker 1: understand it's not lawyers. We will kill you if you does,

603
00:39:08,560 --> 00:39:12,400
Speaker 1: boss baby. Um so it was a great movie, Okay,

604
00:39:15,520 --> 00:39:18,319
Speaker 1: Um yeah, those things like the omen or. There's one

605
00:39:18,360 --> 00:39:23,920
Speaker 1: called the Orphan's Tiny adult. Yes, yeah, they do that

606
00:39:24,000 --> 00:39:26,719
Speaker 1: a lot. Yeah. Yeah, like pretending to be I mean

607
00:39:26,800 --> 00:39:29,200
Speaker 1: that's the whole family guy thing. Is Stewie is uh

608
00:39:31,080 --> 00:39:36,160
Speaker 1: is a tiny larva? Yeah? Sure, yes, if the frog's

609
00:39:36,239 --> 00:39:40,600
Speaker 1: name is Lowest I write that classic naughty family guy humor,

610
00:39:40,800 --> 00:39:51,280
Speaker 1: that raunchy naughty family guy humor. It's really good. So, Alex,

611
00:39:52,040 --> 00:39:55,359
Speaker 1: I want you to imagine who you think will win

612
00:39:55,800 --> 00:39:59,120
Speaker 1: in this fight. Although I feel like maybe the title

613
00:39:59,160 --> 00:40:00,959
Speaker 1: of this episode is a a little bit of it. Maybe,

614
00:40:02,920 --> 00:40:06,799
Speaker 1: but uh so we're in Maine and New England where

615
00:40:06,920 --> 00:40:11,319
Speaker 1: it's all snowy and beautiful, and we have two kind

616
00:40:11,360 --> 00:40:15,879
Speaker 1: of elusive predators, the fishers and the lynxes. They're kind

617
00:40:15,880 --> 00:40:21,320
Speaker 1: of like the sharks and the jets. Fishers is that

618
00:40:21,440 --> 00:40:23,920
Speaker 1: I think I've heard of a fisher cat, which actually

619
00:40:24,000 --> 00:40:27,839
Speaker 1: might be a minor league based thinking about it, Where

620
00:40:27,840 --> 00:40:31,239
Speaker 1: are the fisher cats? And we need to be taken seriously?

621
00:40:33,680 --> 00:40:37,400
Speaker 1: Um well, actually no, fishers are small house cats sized

622
00:40:37,480 --> 00:40:41,799
Speaker 1: animals in the weasel family. Um. Weighing in at only

623
00:40:41,880 --> 00:40:46,000
Speaker 1: about eight pounds. They're weasels. Basically, they look a lot

624
00:40:46,080 --> 00:40:49,600
Speaker 1: like weasels. Um, they're they're not. They're a little bigger

625
00:40:49,640 --> 00:40:52,440
Speaker 1: than weasels, but they're about the size of a house cat. Okay,

626
00:40:52,520 --> 00:40:56,440
Speaker 1: surely the much bigger Lynx destroys it in every fight. Yes, yes, uh,

627
00:40:56,760 --> 00:40:58,680
Speaker 1: because I mean look at these they're they're cute little

628
00:40:58,680 --> 00:41:02,759
Speaker 1: noodle boys. And then the Lea, the Canada Lynx, which

629
00:41:02,840 --> 00:41:06,080
Speaker 1: is a relative of the bobcat. But they're bigger and fluffier.

630
00:41:06,160 --> 00:41:13,400
Speaker 1: Weighs in at a shocking twenty five pounds. It's a

631
00:41:13,480 --> 00:41:19,080
Speaker 1: lot of fluffy. Yeah, they are very fluffy. But yeah,

632
00:41:19,120 --> 00:41:21,919
Speaker 1: so they're a little bigger than bobcat. They look intimidating,

633
00:41:22,160 --> 00:41:24,960
Speaker 1: they can. They have a little more of the saber

634
00:41:25,000 --> 00:41:29,080
Speaker 1: tooth tiger kind of look very fluffy, very sort of

635
00:41:29,239 --> 00:41:41,319
Speaker 1: ice age looking. Um, so you think you Alex, you dummy, right, idiot. Well,

636
00:41:41,920 --> 00:41:45,280
Speaker 1: researchers were pretty surprised to find that these little, tiny

637
00:41:45,360 --> 00:41:49,040
Speaker 1: noodle e fishers were actually often the winners and fights

638
00:41:49,080 --> 00:41:59,600
Speaker 1: between Lynxes and the fisher's noodle. But researcher Scott McLellan says, uh,

639
00:42:00,080 --> 00:42:03,600
Speaker 1: a fisher really doesn't have any boundaries in the size

640
00:42:03,640 --> 00:42:09,680
Speaker 1: of the animal it's willing to attack, which is great. Yeah,

641
00:42:09,880 --> 00:42:13,120
Speaker 1: now I need big Fisher energy in my life. No,

642
00:42:13,560 --> 00:42:22,000
Speaker 1: nothing's too big. Yeah, I got Yeah. They are. They

643
00:42:22,000 --> 00:42:26,960
Speaker 1: are saucy little noodle boys. And this researcher has I

644
00:42:27,040 --> 00:42:29,160
Speaker 1: love this guy because he has such a way with words.

645
00:42:30,000 --> 00:42:33,320
Speaker 1: He also says, um, we know that fishers are very opportunistic.

646
00:42:33,520 --> 00:42:39,400
Speaker 1: They're just a ball of fury. So they tracked links

647
00:42:39,520 --> 00:42:43,440
Speaker 1: Is with some radio collars and they when the radio

648
00:42:43,520 --> 00:42:46,120
Speaker 1: callers stopped moving there like, I think that links might

649
00:42:46,160 --> 00:42:50,280
Speaker 1: be dead. Oh god, these are researching what's the accent

650
00:42:50,360 --> 00:42:53,160
Speaker 1: like in main Is that? Is that almost a Canadian accent?

651
00:42:53,280 --> 00:42:56,520
Speaker 1: Or is that that's a good question. I haven't seen

652
00:42:56,600 --> 00:42:59,880
Speaker 1: enough Stephen King adaptation. I imagine. I imagine it is Fargo,

653
00:43:00,000 --> 00:43:01,480
Speaker 1: but I don't think that's right. But I'm gonna go

654
00:43:01,560 --> 00:43:06,080
Speaker 1: with a Fargo accent because you know, so they're like, oh, yeah,

655
00:43:06,160 --> 00:43:10,520
Speaker 1: we think that might be dead. The radio colors stopped

656
00:43:10,560 --> 00:43:13,319
Speaker 1: a going uh, And they arrive at the scene where

657
00:43:13,440 --> 00:43:16,080
Speaker 1: the Lynxes were killed, and they have to do like

658
00:43:16,239 --> 00:43:20,800
Speaker 1: a bit of biological forensics because they pieced together the

659
00:43:21,000 --> 00:43:24,400
Speaker 1: scene of the crime. Uh. And it's actually kind of

660
00:43:24,440 --> 00:43:28,200
Speaker 1: hard because the lynx is often ripped apart limb from limb.

661
00:43:29,239 --> 00:43:33,240
Speaker 1: It's a nasty, nasty scene. Uh. And they found fisher

662
00:43:33,480 --> 00:43:36,759
Speaker 1: bite marks and tufts of fisher fur in the lynx's mouth,

663
00:43:37,560 --> 00:43:40,719
Speaker 1: indicating that there was quite a fight. Um. So it

664
00:43:40,880 --> 00:43:43,120
Speaker 1: wasn't that, you know, It's like there's a chance that

665
00:43:43,239 --> 00:43:47,080
Speaker 1: maybe the fisher was just like scavenging on the dead lynks.

666
00:43:47,160 --> 00:43:50,719
Speaker 1: Like no, no, no, the links, the links had defensive

667
00:43:50,760 --> 00:43:56,680
Speaker 1: fight wounds. Um. In fact, when they looked at the

668
00:43:56,760 --> 00:44:00,760
Speaker 1: animal tracks, it pointed towards the fisher's stop king the lynxes,

669
00:44:01,200 --> 00:44:05,000
Speaker 1: hunting them down, rather than just like defending themselves or

670
00:44:05,040 --> 00:44:08,200
Speaker 1: getting in a little scrape, like they are actively murdering

671
00:44:08,360 --> 00:44:12,480
Speaker 1: these lynxes. Oh, I don't know, boys, I think we

672
00:44:12,560 --> 00:44:18,759
Speaker 1: got a murder on our hands. Um. And according to

673
00:44:19,040 --> 00:44:22,800
Speaker 1: Scott McLellan, who God, I love him so much, quote,

674
00:44:22,880 --> 00:44:25,359
Speaker 1: they just buckle on. They have a pretty powerful grip

675
00:44:25,400 --> 00:44:29,200
Speaker 1: and they know where to attack. Um. And after the

676
00:44:29,760 --> 00:44:33,840
Speaker 1: fishers have killed the lynxes, they get a little Jeffrey

677
00:44:33,920 --> 00:44:38,880
Speaker 1: Dahmer creativity. Uh, McLellan says, quote it might drag a

678
00:44:39,000 --> 00:44:41,239
Speaker 1: leg up into a tree. It might drag a leg

679
00:44:41,280 --> 00:44:44,200
Speaker 1: into a bush pile or under some snow somewhere, just

680
00:44:44,400 --> 00:44:47,240
Speaker 1: like dag a leg. Here's a leg, there's leg. Everywhere's

681
00:44:47,239 --> 00:44:52,880
Speaker 1: a leg. Leg. Because when you're in a creative project

682
00:44:52,960 --> 00:44:55,240
Speaker 1: and you're in the early stages, you have no wrong answers,

683
00:44:55,320 --> 00:44:59,239
Speaker 1: no wrong ideas, no wrong in a tree, listen, we're

684
00:44:59,360 --> 00:45:02,360
Speaker 1: just sticking things to the tree, and see what stays

685
00:45:02,680 --> 00:45:06,640
Speaker 1: in that tree. We're gonna put some links body parts

686
00:45:06,840 --> 00:45:12,280
Speaker 1: up the flag pole and see who salutes it. Also,

687
00:45:12,640 --> 00:45:18,560
Speaker 1: um Fishers have these very spooky screams that sound well,

688
00:45:19,000 --> 00:45:22,640
Speaker 1: I'm just gonna play a brief clip of this for

689
00:45:22,880 --> 00:45:33,680
Speaker 1: you and see what you think. It sounds like someone screaming,

690
00:45:34,239 --> 00:45:42,240
Speaker 1: like a ghost person. It's just it's so creepy because

691
00:45:42,239 --> 00:45:44,840
Speaker 1: I feel like if I lived in Maine and I

692
00:45:45,000 --> 00:45:49,120
Speaker 1: heard that, I would just assume someone was being murdered. Oh,

693
00:45:49,239 --> 00:45:52,000
Speaker 1: because it's such a haunted steak. Because yeah, like some

694
00:45:52,239 --> 00:45:57,200
Speaker 1: ghosts are getting re murdered. Oh yeah, I didn't know.

695
00:45:57,239 --> 00:46:00,160
Speaker 1: It's so steam Kings from main Oh yeah, he's he's

696
00:46:00,160 --> 00:46:02,840
Speaker 1: all about it to wonder stories are there? Yes, the

697
00:46:03,040 --> 00:46:08,319
Speaker 1: Fishers screaming at night murdering lynxes that scarred a young

698
00:46:08,480 --> 00:46:12,480
Speaker 1: Stephen King. Well, they because, especially these animals, they feel

699
00:46:12,560 --> 00:46:14,560
Speaker 1: like something that would be in There are a lot

700
00:46:14,600 --> 00:46:16,920
Speaker 1: of Stephen King stories where it's like a horde of

701
00:46:17,000 --> 00:46:19,560
Speaker 1: sort of small things being a problem, like lang leers

702
00:46:19,640 --> 00:46:21,960
Speaker 1: or something. Yeah, they would be He would probably call

703
00:46:22,000 --> 00:46:25,400
Speaker 1: it the noodle boys and animals. And then then noodle

704
00:46:25,520 --> 00:46:29,640
Speaker 1: boys reared their heads and entered my body with their teeth.

705
00:46:36,120 --> 00:46:38,760
Speaker 1: So we know that scrappy little David's in the animal

706
00:46:38,880 --> 00:46:41,920
Speaker 1: kingdom can take down Goliath. But I was wondering if

707
00:46:41,960 --> 00:46:44,279
Speaker 1: there's any truth to this principle when it comes to

708
00:46:44,400 --> 00:46:50,080
Speaker 1: human psychology, specifically in group dynamics. Human beings are social animals,

709
00:46:50,160 --> 00:46:53,960
Speaker 1: so typically are Goliath like strengthler relies on us forming groups.

710
00:46:54,160 --> 00:46:57,320
Speaker 1: But can there be a downside? There's something called the

711
00:46:57,400 --> 00:47:00,880
Speaker 1: bystander effect. It's a sort of group thinks situation in

712
00:47:01,000 --> 00:47:03,640
Speaker 1: which crowds of people failed to help someone in need,

713
00:47:04,160 --> 00:47:08,520
Speaker 1: not because they're callously indifferent, but because each individual group

714
00:47:08,640 --> 00:47:12,319
Speaker 1: member thinks, hey, someone else will handle it. Of course,

715
00:47:12,400 --> 00:47:14,839
Speaker 1: who even deals with crowds of people anymore. We're all

716
00:47:14,920 --> 00:47:17,880
Speaker 1: safe inside on our phones browsing Twitter and read it

717
00:47:18,040 --> 00:47:21,080
Speaker 1: or the TikTok's and the Instagram morbles will not so

718
00:47:21,320 --> 00:47:24,960
Speaker 1: fast there, my fellow millennials. A study by the Tavistock

719
00:47:25,080 --> 00:47:28,600
Speaker 1: Institute of Human Relations found that the bystander effect was

720
00:47:28,680 --> 00:47:32,879
Speaker 1: present even in online information sharing communities. When looking into

721
00:47:32,960 --> 00:47:36,719
Speaker 1: how many people in online groups would respond helpfully to questions,

722
00:47:37,120 --> 00:47:40,000
Speaker 1: the smallest groups fared the best, with the highest person

723
00:47:40,200 --> 00:47:43,960
Speaker 1: of responders. Medium sized groups were the worst, and larger

724
00:47:44,000 --> 00:47:46,239
Speaker 1: groups were better, but still not as good as the

725
00:47:46,320 --> 00:47:50,000
Speaker 1: smallest group. The researchers speculate that while the smallest group

726
00:47:50,080 --> 00:47:53,279
Speaker 1: avoids the bystander effect, the reason the larger groups tend

727
00:47:53,360 --> 00:47:55,920
Speaker 1: to respond more than the medium sized groups was due

728
00:47:55,960 --> 00:48:00,239
Speaker 1: to the increased anonymity, reducing social inhibition. After all, who's

729
00:48:00,239 --> 00:48:03,440
Speaker 1: going to remember your particular handle. We'd go K sixty

730
00:48:03,520 --> 00:48:05,840
Speaker 1: nine if you're in a form of five thousand members,

731
00:48:05,880 --> 00:48:08,440
Speaker 1: so it's safe for you to offer your potentially bad ideas.

732
00:48:09,360 --> 00:48:12,000
Speaker 1: But when measuring the quality of helpfulness, the small and

733
00:48:12,080 --> 00:48:14,800
Speaker 1: medium sized groups fared better than the larger groups, so

734
00:48:15,000 --> 00:48:17,799
Speaker 1: still the smallest group one out in terms of how

735
00:48:17,880 --> 00:48:21,000
Speaker 1: helpful they were and how often they were helpful. However,

736
00:48:21,120 --> 00:48:23,759
Speaker 1: what the researchers didn't take into account is that if

737
00:48:23,800 --> 00:48:27,880
Speaker 1: you have an anonymous intergroup, small enough of the users

738
00:48:27,960 --> 00:48:30,560
Speaker 1: could be sock puppets, with the remaining ten percent being

739
00:48:30,640 --> 00:48:32,799
Speaker 1: you and two dogs trying to lick the chicken grease

740
00:48:32,840 --> 00:48:35,640
Speaker 1: off a keyboard. So maybe dogs on keyboards are the

741
00:48:35,760 --> 00:48:38,439
Speaker 1: real heroes. We'll be right back after a quick break,

742
00:48:38,480 --> 00:48:40,960
Speaker 1: and I'll be joined by Dr Greg Polly, who's here

743
00:48:41,000 --> 00:48:43,640
Speaker 1: to dispel some reptilian myths and to talk about a

744
00:48:43,760 --> 00:48:50,800
Speaker 1: very slithery David and Goliath story. Here with me today

745
00:48:51,040 --> 00:48:53,640
Speaker 1: is friend of the show, Dr Greg Paully. He's a

746
00:48:53,719 --> 00:48:57,640
Speaker 1: herpetology researcher and curator at the Natural History Museum of

747
00:48:57,760 --> 00:49:00,880
Speaker 1: Los Angeles County, and he is here to talk to

748
00:49:01,040 --> 00:49:04,520
Speaker 1: us about snakes as the one thing I want people

749
00:49:04,560 --> 00:49:07,360
Speaker 1: to get from this podcast is to love snakes. That

750
00:49:07,440 --> 00:49:11,840
Speaker 1: sounds good to me. Yeah. So snakes are notorious gluttons,

751
00:49:12,160 --> 00:49:16,480
Speaker 1: and we're talking about today David and Goliath situations. So

752
00:49:16,640 --> 00:49:20,080
Speaker 1: nothing is more emblematic to me than like a snake

753
00:49:20,200 --> 00:49:23,839
Speaker 1: eating something huge in its little tiny noodle body. Um,

754
00:49:24,000 --> 00:49:27,200
Speaker 1: and it can unhinge its jaw and swallow prey many

755
00:49:27,320 --> 00:49:31,200
Speaker 1: times its size. Um. How do they do this? Without

756
00:49:31,360 --> 00:49:35,239
Speaker 1: exploding or do they actually explode. They can explode. So

757
00:49:35,360 --> 00:49:38,000
Speaker 1: first I'll say, I will say they don't actually unhinder

758
00:49:38,040 --> 00:49:41,279
Speaker 1: their jaw. What's really interesting about snakes is that their

759
00:49:41,480 --> 00:49:44,280
Speaker 1: jaw actually consists of three bones. So we think about

760
00:49:44,360 --> 00:49:46,320
Speaker 1: like we have a mandible and a maxilla. Yeah, but

761
00:49:46,400 --> 00:49:48,480
Speaker 1: what snakes dove is I actually have another bone in

762
00:49:48,600 --> 00:49:52,239
Speaker 1: between those. In us developmentally, that bone is part of

763
00:49:52,280 --> 00:49:56,200
Speaker 1: our middle ear, but snakes, which don't have a middle ear,

764
00:49:56,840 --> 00:49:58,759
Speaker 1: that bone is part of the jar articulation. And so

765
00:49:58,840 --> 00:50:00,600
Speaker 1: what they can actually do is they put their jaws

766
00:50:00,719 --> 00:50:03,400
Speaker 1: really wide because of the fact that they've got this

767
00:50:03,640 --> 00:50:06,920
Speaker 1: you know, these basically two joints the bone system, right,

768
00:50:06,960 --> 00:50:09,279
Speaker 1: So it's kind of like a door hinge where it's

769
00:50:09,360 --> 00:50:12,320
Speaker 1: like you know those top the top hinges in hotel

770
00:50:12,360 --> 00:50:14,719
Speaker 1: doors that lets the door open pretty wide. Does that

771
00:50:14,840 --> 00:50:17,279
Speaker 1: make sense? No, No, I don't know anything about it.

772
00:50:17,960 --> 00:50:22,600
Speaker 1: Spent more time with hotels. But it's too it's basically

773
00:50:22,680 --> 00:50:25,160
Speaker 1: two hinges basically the whole point. It's like two hinges

774
00:50:25,360 --> 00:50:27,920
Speaker 1: have two ing so it can open up in some cases,

775
00:50:27,960 --> 00:50:31,399
Speaker 1: and some species of snakes they get almost two, which

776
00:50:31,480 --> 00:50:34,920
Speaker 1: is you know, pretty amazing. So yeah, snakes. I mean,

777
00:50:34,960 --> 00:50:36,920
Speaker 1: I think that they have this reputation sometimes it's sort

778
00:50:36,920 --> 00:50:38,680
Speaker 1: of being gluttonous, but you know the reality is that,

779
00:50:39,000 --> 00:50:40,440
Speaker 1: you know, a snake might only eat one or two

780
00:50:40,480 --> 00:50:43,600
Speaker 1: meals a year. So I don't know as somebody who's

781
00:50:43,680 --> 00:50:46,400
Speaker 1: like going to have three meals and maybe two snacks.

782
00:50:46,840 --> 00:50:49,560
Speaker 1: I feel like it's not my job to call to

783
00:50:49,640 --> 00:50:52,120
Speaker 1: call a snake gluttonous when it's eating like once every sea.

784
00:50:52,880 --> 00:50:56,120
Speaker 1: But yeah, there's these unbelievable situations. So not a snakes

785
00:50:56,520 --> 00:51:02,840
Speaker 1: ceo like intermittent fasting to exactly. So not all snakes

786
00:51:02,920 --> 00:51:05,960
Speaker 1: do this, but particularly vipers and boas and python, some

787
00:51:06,040 --> 00:51:09,200
Speaker 1: of our really like heavy bodied snakes, they take on

788
00:51:09,880 --> 00:51:13,440
Speaker 1: huge prey items. So some of the biggest what we

789
00:51:13,480 --> 00:51:15,439
Speaker 1: call relative prey mass, that's sort of what we refer

790
00:51:15,520 --> 00:51:18,680
Speaker 1: to this in the snake literature is some of those

791
00:51:18,719 --> 00:51:22,400
Speaker 1: biggest numbers will be like snakes eating prey items that

792
00:51:22,520 --> 00:51:25,640
Speaker 1: are like a hundred over a hundred and fifty of

793
00:51:25,680 --> 00:51:28,360
Speaker 1: their own So I think the record is like almost

794
00:51:28,440 --> 00:51:30,759
Speaker 1: up to one point seven times their own mass. So

795
00:51:30,880 --> 00:51:35,399
Speaker 1: that's like, you know, imagine something like uh, let's take

796
00:51:35,480 --> 00:51:40,600
Speaker 1: you know, like a twenty pound boa constrictor. That's like

797
00:51:40,840 --> 00:51:44,680
Speaker 1: one of those snakes eating like a thirty pound meal.

798
00:51:44,760 --> 00:51:47,000
Speaker 1: So it goes from being a twenty pound snake to

799
00:51:47,120 --> 00:51:50,600
Speaker 1: being a fifty pound because it just ate this massive meals,

800
00:51:50,680 --> 00:51:53,960
Speaker 1: get some terrible meat sweats. Yeah, I would, and so

801
00:51:54,120 --> 00:51:55,520
Speaker 1: that's right. I mean, so then what do they do

802
00:51:55,719 --> 00:51:59,000
Speaker 1: for like the next couple of weeks is like nothing.

803
00:51:59,120 --> 00:52:01,600
Speaker 1: You know, crawler in to some spot where they feel

804
00:52:01,600 --> 00:52:03,440
Speaker 1: a little bit protected, idea that there's a little bit

805
00:52:03,480 --> 00:52:06,200
Speaker 1: of sunshine, and they stick the they stick that chunk

806
00:52:06,239 --> 00:52:09,560
Speaker 1: of their body that's got that big digesting prey mass

807
00:52:09,640 --> 00:52:12,279
Speaker 1: out into the sun and then it's slowly digests and

808
00:52:12,840 --> 00:52:17,160
Speaker 1: you know, weeks two months later they take a giant

809
00:52:17,200 --> 00:52:21,240
Speaker 1: poop and got rid of it. All. That's that actually

810
00:52:21,280 --> 00:52:23,800
Speaker 1: sounds like a wonderful life. But there are these situations

811
00:52:23,840 --> 00:52:26,480
Speaker 1: where like the snake kind of misjudged what it was

812
00:52:26,520 --> 00:52:30,279
Speaker 1: trying to eat and actually something that's so big that

813
00:52:30,440 --> 00:52:33,920
Speaker 1: it actually does end up tearing the inside, so actually

814
00:52:34,000 --> 00:52:36,319
Speaker 1: tearing the digestive truck and in some cases actually causing

815
00:52:36,320 --> 00:52:39,000
Speaker 1: the entire animal to rupture. And there's actually this this

816
00:52:39,120 --> 00:52:43,120
Speaker 1: photo that went vil of This is a non native

817
00:52:43,160 --> 00:52:46,120
Speaker 1: Burmese python in the Florida Everglades that had taken out

818
00:52:46,560 --> 00:52:49,560
Speaker 1: a rather large alligator and it actually ended up being

819
00:52:49,600 --> 00:52:52,080
Speaker 1: too large and it ended up you know, how does

820
00:52:52,160 --> 00:52:54,640
Speaker 1: the animal the snake from the ruptured and you can

821
00:52:54,680 --> 00:52:56,520
Speaker 1: see the gator through the snake, So how does it

822
00:52:56,640 --> 00:52:58,319
Speaker 1: take out a gator in the first place? It kind

823
00:52:58,320 --> 00:53:01,480
Speaker 1: of wrapped construction? Actually, Yeah, so that's the thing. Like

824
00:53:01,560 --> 00:53:04,200
Speaker 1: these these species that we see doing this, like bows

825
00:53:04,239 --> 00:53:07,560
Speaker 1: and pythons, are like really big, strong, constricting snakes, and

826
00:53:07,600 --> 00:53:08,920
Speaker 1: then the other ones we see doing it are things

827
00:53:08,960 --> 00:53:12,440
Speaker 1: like vipers right where you know them. The snake strikes

828
00:53:12,520 --> 00:53:15,279
Speaker 1: the animal, venimates, it waits for that animal to die,

829
00:53:15,360 --> 00:53:18,680
Speaker 1: and then goes and consumes it. Yeah, how do they

830
00:53:18,840 --> 00:53:24,520
Speaker 1: normally manage like without exploding? Because they must have some

831
00:53:24,719 --> 00:53:28,920
Speaker 1: pretty flexible muscles to be able to allow them, because

832
00:53:28,960 --> 00:53:32,480
Speaker 1: like if we tried to eat something twice our size,

833
00:53:32,840 --> 00:53:36,279
Speaker 1: like that wouldn't that wouldn't work. We would instantly die

834
00:53:37,040 --> 00:53:39,359
Speaker 1: or choke, Like how do they how do they not choke?

835
00:53:39,440 --> 00:53:42,959
Speaker 1: How do they not always? I mean basically, a snake

836
00:53:43,120 --> 00:53:45,239
Speaker 1: is just this giant tube, right, and so if you

837
00:53:45,280 --> 00:53:46,880
Speaker 1: can sort of fit into that tube, you're kind of

838
00:53:46,920 --> 00:53:48,840
Speaker 1: good to go, like they're there's a reason that a

839
00:53:48,880 --> 00:53:51,120
Speaker 1: snake doesn't have a small neck in most cases, right,

840
00:53:51,120 --> 00:53:52,920
Speaker 1: and it's because that neck would then be the sort

841
00:53:52,960 --> 00:53:55,320
Speaker 1: of limiting factor of what you can fit down. And

842
00:53:55,400 --> 00:53:58,120
Speaker 1: so what's really amazing is like snakes have all these

843
00:53:58,160 --> 00:54:00,200
Speaker 1: ways of sort of like being able to expand, you know,

844
00:54:00,320 --> 00:54:02,160
Speaker 1: you don't see things like we have we have like

845
00:54:02,600 --> 00:54:05,080
Speaker 1: you know, we have this rib cage that's fused in

846
00:54:05,120 --> 00:54:07,320
Speaker 1: a few places, and so our rib cage doesn't expand

847
00:54:07,360 --> 00:54:09,279
Speaker 1: that well, well, snakes don't have that, you know, they

848
00:54:09,320 --> 00:54:11,319
Speaker 1: don't have a rib cage that fuses all the way around,

849
00:54:11,360 --> 00:54:13,680
Speaker 1: so that they can expand a lot. When we see

850
00:54:13,680 --> 00:54:15,480
Speaker 1: a snake, what we mostly see or like we see

851
00:54:15,480 --> 00:54:17,680
Speaker 1: all the scales, but actually if a snake is like

852
00:54:17,800 --> 00:54:20,840
Speaker 1: eating a huge meal, then it's expanded so much that

853
00:54:20,880 --> 00:54:23,480
Speaker 1: you actually see all the skin in between these scale roads,

854
00:54:23,480 --> 00:54:25,439
Speaker 1: and it'll be almost as wide as the scale roads

855
00:54:25,440 --> 00:54:28,040
Speaker 1: itself if it's really distended. And so they can just

856
00:54:28,160 --> 00:54:30,080
Speaker 1: take on these you know, really big meals, and their

857
00:54:30,080 --> 00:54:32,399
Speaker 1: body can expand to accept a lot of it those

858
00:54:32,400 --> 00:54:35,160
Speaker 1: of course limits, but even the stomach itself can expand

859
00:54:35,320 --> 00:54:38,160
Speaker 1: lengthwise and take up a huge chunk of sort of

860
00:54:38,200 --> 00:54:40,560
Speaker 1: that tubular body if it has a big meal or

861
00:54:40,640 --> 00:54:43,360
Speaker 1: maybe not just like a big meal, but maybe you know,

862
00:54:43,440 --> 00:54:46,920
Speaker 1: maybe it's an egg eating snake of something. Yeah, so

863
00:54:47,000 --> 00:54:48,520
Speaker 1: maybe you just got lucky and you've got you know,

864
00:54:49,000 --> 00:54:50,960
Speaker 1: you found the henhouse and you just got you know,

865
00:54:51,200 --> 00:54:54,279
Speaker 1: six at once um. And some species of eggating snakes

866
00:54:54,320 --> 00:54:56,680
Speaker 1: actually rupture the eggs and regurge datum, and some actually

867
00:54:56,680 --> 00:54:58,759
Speaker 1: just swallow the eggs hole. So like for these ones

868
00:54:58,800 --> 00:55:00,880
Speaker 1: that swallow hole, he's gonna pack like you know, do

869
00:55:01,000 --> 00:55:04,200
Speaker 1: they poop the shell outer or it actually mostly gets digested.

870
00:55:04,480 --> 00:55:07,360
Speaker 1: So snake stomachs are absolutely amazing. Like you know, you

871
00:55:07,440 --> 00:55:09,160
Speaker 1: see these snakes that like you know, take like a

872
00:55:09,760 --> 00:55:11,359
Speaker 1: you know, take a take that big bow con Church

873
00:55:11,400 --> 00:55:12,800
Speaker 1: I was talking about. Let's say it does you know,

874
00:55:12,840 --> 00:55:14,759
Speaker 1: let's say it eats a small monkey of some sort.

875
00:55:15,120 --> 00:55:17,160
Speaker 1: It's not it's not pooping out a little monkey bones.

876
00:55:17,160 --> 00:55:18,759
Speaker 1: There's not like a femur that's coming out, you know,

877
00:55:18,840 --> 00:55:21,160
Speaker 1: a mammal femur coming out you know, two weeks later,

878
00:55:21,400 --> 00:55:24,480
Speaker 1: now that all gets the snake stomach is so incredibly efficient.

879
00:55:24,520 --> 00:55:27,279
Speaker 1: It digests all well, you'll see in the long one,

880
00:55:27,320 --> 00:55:28,680
Speaker 1: you just see a little bit of hair and that's

881
00:55:28,680 --> 00:55:31,360
Speaker 1: about it. Maybe some claws off the feet and stuff.

882
00:55:31,400 --> 00:55:33,440
Speaker 1: But I kind of want to change my funeral plans

883
00:55:33,520 --> 00:55:35,359
Speaker 1: to being eaten by a snake, because then I would

884
00:55:35,360 --> 00:55:39,480
Speaker 1: be one percent snake at that point. Yeah, they actually

885
00:55:39,520 --> 00:55:42,360
Speaker 1: have a pretty high rate of you know, sort of recovering,

886
00:55:42,640 --> 00:55:46,560
Speaker 1: sort of the energy efficient. Yeah, um, I don't know it.

887
00:55:46,760 --> 00:55:49,840
Speaker 1: It's uh, it's not that far fetched. It's rare for

888
00:55:50,000 --> 00:55:51,879
Speaker 1: a snake to consume a human. There are a few

889
00:55:51,920 --> 00:55:56,000
Speaker 1: species that occasion that very very very very rarely do it. Um.

890
00:55:57,200 --> 00:55:58,600
Speaker 1: And and the key is you need to be a

891
00:55:58,719 --> 00:56:04,239
Speaker 1: sort of a smallish Yeah. So yeah, if I if

892
00:56:04,280 --> 00:56:06,840
Speaker 1: I turned into a little lady, then that will be

893
00:56:06,960 --> 00:56:08,879
Speaker 1: my funeral plan. There you go, get a big snake,

894
00:56:08,960 --> 00:56:13,040
Speaker 1: big enough snake. So you wrote a blog post about

895
00:56:13,320 --> 00:56:18,040
Speaker 1: these incredible flying wrestling matches between snakes and hawks, which,

896
00:56:18,760 --> 00:56:21,680
Speaker 1: uh sounds a lot more entertaining than anything out of

897
00:56:21,840 --> 00:56:24,839
Speaker 1: the w W E. Can you tell us a little

898
00:56:24,880 --> 00:56:27,320
Speaker 1: bit about it, paint us a picture of the scene

899
00:56:27,440 --> 00:56:32,840
Speaker 1: to our audience, and and how how are snakes able

900
00:56:32,920 --> 00:56:36,080
Speaker 1: to fend off these hawks? Yeah? So, I mean this

901
00:56:36,239 --> 00:56:37,600
Speaker 1: is a sort of. I think it's sort of a

902
00:56:37,640 --> 00:56:39,880
Speaker 1: great David and Goliah story. Like, you know, we have

903
00:56:39,960 --> 00:56:43,680
Speaker 1: these aerial predators, hawks, eagles, other birds of prey, and

904
00:56:44,040 --> 00:56:47,600
Speaker 1: they love to eat snakes like it's you know, it's

905
00:56:47,600 --> 00:56:50,520
Speaker 1: their Italian fair. It's a tasty little and so. But

906
00:56:50,680 --> 00:56:53,680
Speaker 1: sometimes what happens, this is particularly true for juvenile birds

907
00:56:53,719 --> 00:56:56,759
Speaker 1: of prey, is they haven't really they haven't gotten their

908
00:56:56,800 --> 00:56:59,920
Speaker 1: technique down and they haven't maybe figured out that you know,

909
00:57:00,200 --> 00:57:02,680
Speaker 1: sometimes you can buy it off more than you can chew,

910
00:57:03,280 --> 00:57:06,040
Speaker 1: and so you might get something like a juvenile redtailed hawk,

911
00:57:06,080 --> 00:57:08,320
Speaker 1: which is you know, really widespread species of hawk across

912
00:57:08,400 --> 00:57:11,719
Speaker 1: across much of the United States, that might see something

913
00:57:11,840 --> 00:57:14,319
Speaker 1: like a gopher snake, a bowl snake, a rat snake.

914
00:57:14,400 --> 00:57:16,440
Speaker 1: It's sort of those are the species that we offer

915
00:57:16,600 --> 00:57:19,800
Speaker 1: about how big, So you know, this is this this

916
00:57:19,960 --> 00:57:21,880
Speaker 1: is I mean, you know, this is a couple of

917
00:57:21,920 --> 00:57:24,320
Speaker 1: pound bird, you know, but it might a juvenile reddel

918
00:57:24,360 --> 00:57:25,880
Speaker 1: hawks still might have you know, two two and a

919
00:57:25,920 --> 00:57:29,120
Speaker 1: half a wingspan um and then these snakes might be

920
00:57:29,440 --> 00:57:31,720
Speaker 1: two and a half three three and a half, you know,

921
00:57:32,600 --> 00:57:34,440
Speaker 1: up to four or five ft long, but they're just

922
00:57:35,280 --> 00:57:40,160
Speaker 1: but their noodles, whereas exactly town's crushing beaks. They can

923
00:57:40,240 --> 00:57:44,200
Speaker 1: fly exactly, horrible mean predator. And there's this cute, adorable

924
00:57:44,240 --> 00:57:46,640
Speaker 1: snake cruising around, going about this business for the day

925
00:57:46,680 --> 00:57:49,280
Speaker 1: and join some sun, and this hawk comes out of

926
00:57:49,320 --> 00:57:51,480
Speaker 1: nowhere and pounces on it. And so sometimes times with

927
00:57:51,520 --> 00:57:53,680
Speaker 1: these juvenile hawks is they'll come down, they'll grab something

928
00:57:53,760 --> 00:57:55,960
Speaker 1: like a gopher snake, and they'll start flying off with it.

929
00:57:56,600 --> 00:57:58,480
Speaker 1: But you know, the snake is like two two and

930
00:57:58,520 --> 00:58:00,520
Speaker 1: a half three ft long. It's oh and it's a

931
00:58:00,560 --> 00:58:02,600
Speaker 1: constricting species. And so what the snake will then do

932
00:58:02,720 --> 00:58:05,680
Speaker 1: is a defense mechanism, is it just wraps up the hawk.

933
00:58:06,160 --> 00:58:09,240
Speaker 1: And so here's this hawk trying to fly and now

934
00:58:09,360 --> 00:58:11,960
Speaker 1: it's got you know, it's got it. You can't move

935
00:58:12,040 --> 00:58:14,400
Speaker 1: one very well because like the snake wrapped a coil

936
00:58:14,440 --> 00:58:17,040
Speaker 1: around that it's like mashing kind of one talent into

937
00:58:17,080 --> 00:58:19,200
Speaker 1: the other talent. It's got a coil around its neck,

938
00:58:19,320 --> 00:58:21,600
Speaker 1: like getting tangled up in a hose. Yeah, and so

939
00:58:21,720 --> 00:58:23,560
Speaker 1: what happens is like you'll see these reports every now

940
00:58:23,600 --> 00:58:24,960
Speaker 1: and then, and this is like one of the great things,

941
00:58:25,080 --> 00:58:26,920
Speaker 1: like people post this stuff on social media because it

942
00:58:26,920 --> 00:58:29,560
Speaker 1: seems absolutely absurd, and it is, but it actually gives

943
00:58:29,640 --> 00:58:32,520
Speaker 1: us an opportunity to study these sort of rarely observed events.

944
00:58:32,800 --> 00:58:34,560
Speaker 1: And so what happens You get these photographs every now

945
00:58:34,600 --> 00:58:36,280
Speaker 1: and then that show up of like, you know, a

946
00:58:36,440 --> 00:58:38,959
Speaker 1: hawk that has like landed in the middle of the street,

947
00:58:39,080 --> 00:58:40,800
Speaker 1: or not even landed as much as it's like fallen

948
00:58:40,800 --> 00:58:42,320
Speaker 1: out of the air into the middle of the street.

949
00:58:42,720 --> 00:58:44,880
Speaker 1: There's a hawk like wrapped up around or there's a

950
00:58:44,880 --> 00:58:46,760
Speaker 1: snake wrapped up around it, and you know, nobody knows

951
00:58:46,800 --> 00:58:48,320
Speaker 1: what's going on. And what's going on is the snake

952
00:58:48,440 --> 00:58:51,080
Speaker 1: is fighting for its life and it's the last ditch

953
00:58:51,160 --> 00:58:53,200
Speaker 1: effort is like can I mess up this hawk enough

954
00:58:53,560 --> 00:58:55,680
Speaker 1: that I can get away? And usually what sometimes happened

955
00:58:55,680 --> 00:58:57,720
Speaker 1: in these cases is that actually the bird gets so

956
00:58:57,920 --> 00:59:01,320
Speaker 1: exhausted that eventually the snake is able to crawl off

957
00:59:01,360 --> 00:59:03,160
Speaker 1: and get away. You know, maybe it's got some talent

958
00:59:03,200 --> 00:59:05,560
Speaker 1: injuries or something like. Yeah. And what's really neat is

959
00:59:05,600 --> 00:59:08,400
Speaker 1: with social media is we see this now all over

960
00:59:08,440 --> 00:59:10,920
Speaker 1: the place because people post these like absurd videos or

961
00:59:10,920 --> 00:59:14,800
Speaker 1: absurd photos. But because they're posting these, you know, onto

962
00:59:14,840 --> 00:59:17,320
Speaker 1: the internet, you know, we see observations of this like

963
00:59:17,480 --> 00:59:20,200
Speaker 1: same sort of thing going down in like Africa and

964
00:59:20,320 --> 00:59:22,480
Speaker 1: going down all across the United States and going down

965
00:59:22,560 --> 00:59:25,040
Speaker 1: and you know, other parts around the world. Different species

966
00:59:25,080 --> 00:59:27,439
Speaker 1: of you know, birds of prey and different species of snakes.

967
00:59:27,520 --> 00:59:28,920
Speaker 1: But we see that there's a lot of different snakes

968
00:59:28,920 --> 00:59:30,400
Speaker 1: that are capable of sort of doing this is like

969
00:59:30,480 --> 00:59:32,640
Speaker 1: the last ditch effort of like trying to trying to

970
00:59:32,720 --> 00:59:35,640
Speaker 1: save themselves and slay the evil hawk goalize. Yeah, so

971
00:59:35,880 --> 00:59:38,520
Speaker 1: is is that is that kind of a common behavior

972
00:59:38,640 --> 00:59:40,880
Speaker 1: that they do where they try to wrap around a

973
00:59:41,000 --> 00:59:44,720
Speaker 1: predator um and but just in this case they happen

974
00:59:44,800 --> 00:59:47,440
Speaker 1: to be flying. Yeah, I mean, I think in general,

975
00:59:47,640 --> 00:59:49,920
Speaker 1: you know, I mean a snake's first line of defense

976
00:59:50,000 --> 00:59:52,720
Speaker 1: is like, don't get seen at all, rely on camouflage,

977
00:59:53,680 --> 00:59:55,600
Speaker 1: rely on stealth, try not to get seen. You know.

978
00:59:55,680 --> 00:59:59,000
Speaker 1: The second line of defense is just flee, right, to

979
00:59:59,080 --> 01:00:01,280
Speaker 1: try to crawl away. That's they teach you in self defense,

980
01:00:01,400 --> 01:00:03,880
Speaker 1: Like the best thing to do is to run away. Yeah,

981
01:00:03,960 --> 01:00:06,200
Speaker 1: don't get seen and then don't have any contact because

982
01:00:06,200 --> 01:00:08,720
Speaker 1: you run away. And then you know, if that fails,

983
01:00:08,880 --> 01:00:10,840
Speaker 1: then you've got to scare try to scare off whatever

984
01:00:10,920 --> 01:00:13,520
Speaker 1: it is, you know, And so the snakes have all

985
01:00:13,600 --> 01:00:16,600
Speaker 1: these bluff to s yeah, and other snakes will like

986
01:00:16,640 --> 01:00:18,600
Speaker 1: try to rattle their tail to kind of mimic a

987
01:00:18,680 --> 01:00:21,640
Speaker 1: rattle snake, or they'll hiss, or they'll they'll strike at you,

988
01:00:21,760 --> 01:00:23,640
Speaker 1: but like totally in ways that are never going to connect.

989
01:00:23,680 --> 01:00:26,240
Speaker 1: It's just these defensive strikes. And they do all this

990
01:00:26,280 --> 01:00:28,760
Speaker 1: stuff to like, you know, they inhale a bunch of

991
01:00:28,800 --> 01:00:30,320
Speaker 1: air to look big. You know, they do all the

992
01:00:30,320 --> 01:00:32,280
Speaker 1: stuff to like scare away potential pitter. But if that

993
01:00:32,560 --> 01:00:35,240
Speaker 1: fails as well, then you've got no other choice but

994
01:00:35,360 --> 01:00:37,400
Speaker 1: to fight for your life, right, And so that's what's happening.

995
01:00:37,440 --> 01:00:39,960
Speaker 1: I mean, this is a snake fighting for its life.

996
01:00:40,040 --> 01:00:42,040
Speaker 1: The hawk is fighting for a meal, the snakes fighting

997
01:00:42,080 --> 01:00:44,360
Speaker 1: for its life. The snakes got way more to lose,

998
01:00:45,080 --> 01:00:47,240
Speaker 1: gives it all it can and sometimes it works, you know,

999
01:00:47,800 --> 01:00:49,680
Speaker 1: But then you have to imagine, like in these situations,

1000
01:00:49,760 --> 01:00:52,240
Speaker 1: like that snake is probably you know, snakes have home ranges,

1001
01:00:52,600 --> 01:00:55,680
Speaker 1: they have territories. So now it's dropped off in the

1002
01:00:55,760 --> 01:00:57,880
Speaker 1: middle of nowhere. So I think I forget the exact street.

1003
01:00:57,920 --> 01:00:59,840
Speaker 1: But like the blog that I was writing about was

1004
01:01:00,120 --> 01:01:01,920
Speaker 1: literally like a guy was driving down the street and

1005
01:01:01,960 --> 01:01:04,400
Speaker 1: took this photograph, and I want to say, like Echo

1006
01:01:04,480 --> 01:01:07,080
Speaker 1: Park here in Los Angeles, of this redtailed hawk that

1007
01:01:07,200 --> 01:01:09,120
Speaker 1: just plumbing it down in the middle of the roadway

1008
01:01:09,200 --> 01:01:11,800
Speaker 1: with this snake. Yeah, and so sometimes it can be

1009
01:01:11,880 --> 01:01:13,880
Speaker 1: as like conspicuous as a spot as that. But of

1010
01:01:13,960 --> 01:01:16,360
Speaker 1: course that snake is now, you know, totally in a

1011
01:01:16,400 --> 01:01:19,320
Speaker 1: new abitative has no idea. You gotta rebuild its snakes,

1012
01:01:19,360 --> 01:01:22,360
Speaker 1: like totally rebuild its whole life. But at least it's alive. Yeah,

1013
01:01:22,400 --> 01:01:25,840
Speaker 1: at least, Yeah, you gotta try. I wish that, um

1014
01:01:26,680 --> 01:01:29,320
Speaker 1: that I think it's the Mexican flag that has the

1015
01:01:29,360 --> 01:01:32,040
Speaker 1: hawk in the Yeah, that's exactly right. They should replace

1016
01:01:32,080 --> 01:01:34,360
Speaker 1: it with the snake just totally wrapped around the hawk

1017
01:01:34,480 --> 01:01:39,360
Speaker 1: and like just battling it out. Well, thank you so

1018
01:01:39,520 --> 01:01:42,200
Speaker 1: much for joining us. Um. If there's one thing you

1019
01:01:42,240 --> 01:01:44,920
Speaker 1: could ask people to do to appreciate nature and more,

1020
01:01:45,160 --> 01:01:47,720
Speaker 1: what would it be. Oh, since we're since we're talking

1021
01:01:47,760 --> 01:01:50,880
Speaker 1: about you know, sort of rarely observed things, I would say,

1022
01:01:51,600 --> 01:01:53,800
Speaker 1: you know, if you see something out there that's really bizarre.

1023
01:01:53,920 --> 01:01:56,680
Speaker 1: You see a snake in a hawk crashing to the ground,

1024
01:01:57,200 --> 01:02:00,840
Speaker 1: you see some lizards mating, you see um, you know

1025
01:02:00,960 --> 01:02:02,840
Speaker 1: there's probably other cool stuff going on in like non

1026
01:02:02,960 --> 01:02:06,200
Speaker 1: reptile examples. But you know, you see something interesting, take

1027
01:02:06,240 --> 01:02:09,680
Speaker 1: a photograph of it, and um send it to somebody

1028
01:02:09,720 --> 01:02:12,400
Speaker 1: at your local natural historyism because maybe it's actually scientifically interesting.

1029
01:02:12,760 --> 01:02:16,360
Speaker 1: Or better still, download this amazing app called Naturalists and

1030
01:02:16,520 --> 01:02:19,480
Speaker 1: participate in this online citizen science project where you can

1031
01:02:19,560 --> 01:02:22,200
Speaker 1: upload observations of things that you see and share those

1032
01:02:22,280 --> 01:02:24,680
Speaker 1: with people around the world and create an amazing digital

1033
01:02:24,760 --> 01:02:28,800
Speaker 1: legacy of biodiversity records that scientists for literally hundreds of

1034
01:02:28,880 --> 01:02:30,920
Speaker 1: years we'll be able to use for their research. Yeah,

1035
01:02:30,920 --> 01:02:32,960
Speaker 1: and then you can maybe also use it for your

1036
01:02:33,000 --> 01:02:36,600
Speaker 1: new metal band album cover. Absolutely, but share it with

1037
01:02:36,640 --> 01:02:38,840
Speaker 1: scientists first, please, Yeah, and then we can even give

1038
01:02:38,840 --> 01:02:41,760
Speaker 1: you advice. I'm like, yeah, you know what this is? Yeah,

1039
01:02:41,840 --> 01:02:43,840
Speaker 1: what what? What's a good name? What's going on with

1040
01:02:44,160 --> 01:02:46,480
Speaker 1: the correct scientific name of your metal band? Yeah, and

1041
01:02:46,520 --> 01:02:49,600
Speaker 1: then you can have a Latin influenced metal awesome. Well,

1042
01:02:49,680 --> 01:02:51,520
Speaker 1: thank you so much for joining us, Thanks for having

1043
01:02:51,560 --> 01:02:57,400
Speaker 1: me on, and we're back with Alex Schmidt. Um, so

1044
01:02:57,560 --> 01:03:01,120
Speaker 1: that was a pretty pretty snaky advance. Sure. Yeah, I

1045
01:03:01,400 --> 01:03:03,760
Speaker 1: I don't know why so many people are afraid of snakes.

1046
01:03:03,800 --> 01:03:07,920
Speaker 1: They've mostly been like comedically hit the weird fights with birds,

1047
01:03:08,000 --> 01:03:10,240
Speaker 1: and I'm way into it. I know, I I do

1048
01:03:10,440 --> 01:03:13,240
Speaker 1: like snakes. I think they're actually kind of well, I

1049
01:03:13,360 --> 01:03:16,320
Speaker 1: guess Rattlesnakes aren't cute to me just because I associate

1050
01:03:16,440 --> 01:03:19,840
Speaker 1: them with venom, deadly, deadly venom. But the other ones

1051
01:03:20,280 --> 01:03:22,760
Speaker 1: are cute to me, Like pythons. They have they kind

1052
01:03:22,760 --> 01:03:26,040
Speaker 1: of like have a little puppy faces. They're cute. They're

1053
01:03:26,080 --> 01:03:32,720
Speaker 1: little noodle dogs. Yeah. That Disney's Robin Hood movie where

1054
01:03:32,760 --> 01:03:36,160
Speaker 1: the snake is like a dupey advisor. Yeah, that's the

1055
01:03:36,240 --> 01:03:38,240
Speaker 1: one that got I had a lot of sympathy for

1056
01:03:38,320 --> 01:03:40,880
Speaker 1: that snake. Yeah, you know, he was just he was

1057
01:03:41,000 --> 01:03:45,640
Speaker 1: like like a lot of that stuff really good. He

1058
01:03:45,840 --> 01:03:51,200
Speaker 1: was sort of like the white shret of the Assistant

1059
01:03:51,240 --> 01:03:56,520
Speaker 1: to the False King. That was the Disney hit Robin Hood,

1060
01:03:56,800 --> 01:04:00,240
Speaker 1: an animated tale. Yeah for yeah, where he was a fox. Yeah,

1061
01:04:00,240 --> 01:04:03,600
Speaker 1: I remember that's in history, Yeah, in history, Robin I

1062
01:04:03,640 --> 01:04:06,120
Speaker 1: don't know if you guys knew this, but Robin Hood

1063
01:04:06,360 --> 01:04:09,440
Speaker 1: was a fox. Yeah. Uh, that's a great movie that

1064
01:04:09,520 --> 01:04:12,600
Speaker 1: I love all just like they have Little John as

1065
01:04:13,000 --> 01:04:16,440
Speaker 1: Blue the Bears. Somehow it's like a Big Bear in it.

1066
01:04:16,640 --> 01:04:19,000
Speaker 1: It's the same voice actor as he did Blue and

1067
01:04:19,720 --> 01:04:25,200
Speaker 1: Jungle Book. Yeah, they're that brief period of reusing a

1068
01:04:25,280 --> 01:04:26,920
Speaker 1: lot of the cells. That was a good time. I

1069
01:04:27,000 --> 01:04:30,720
Speaker 1: think we need more positive representation of snakes in in media.

1070
01:04:30,760 --> 01:04:33,920
Speaker 1: I can't think of like any good snake, Like, can

1071
01:04:34,000 --> 01:04:37,320
Speaker 1: you think of one like a good cartoon snake? Oh

1072
01:04:37,400 --> 01:04:40,480
Speaker 1: wait wait, Kung Fu Panda one of the snakes, uh

1073
01:04:40,880 --> 01:04:43,240
Speaker 1: is is one of the good guys, one of the

1074
01:04:43,320 --> 01:04:48,120
Speaker 1: good good fighters. And and she's a she's a female,

1075
01:04:48,200 --> 01:04:50,400
Speaker 1: which is um. I don't know why I called her.

1076
01:04:50,560 --> 01:04:53,280
Speaker 1: I'm used to calling animals females, but she's a woman

1077
01:04:53,360 --> 01:04:58,840
Speaker 1: in the movie because she's anthropomorphic. Um. But yeah, And

1078
01:04:58,920 --> 01:05:00,640
Speaker 1: maybe that's why they're not in a ton of stuff

1079
01:05:00,680 --> 01:05:03,520
Speaker 1: is that it's a little hard to make them anthropomorphic

1080
01:05:03,600 --> 01:05:07,000
Speaker 1: in a super fun way. Although I did find I mean,

1081
01:05:07,120 --> 01:05:10,280
Speaker 1: like what they did in Robin Hood again hit Disney

1082
01:05:10,320 --> 01:05:13,880
Speaker 1: film Robin Hood made a tale of Robin Hood and

1083
01:05:13,960 --> 01:05:17,160
Speaker 1: his merriage historical documentary. Yes, is like the snake would

1084
01:05:17,160 --> 01:05:19,600
Speaker 1: like fold his late his not his legs, but fold

1085
01:05:19,680 --> 01:05:22,840
Speaker 1: his body and kind of like funny ways. And I

1086
01:05:22,960 --> 01:05:25,080
Speaker 1: think that I think you can definitely do it just

1087
01:05:25,160 --> 01:05:29,760
Speaker 1: gotta gotta have empathized with the snakes. Creativity, give us

1088
01:05:29,840 --> 01:05:33,120
Speaker 1: more good representation of snakes. Please. They're great, They're good,

1089
01:05:33,200 --> 01:05:36,560
Speaker 1: they're good. Little noodle boys, we got, we got, We

1090
01:05:36,640 --> 01:05:39,320
Speaker 1: need fishes and snakes. Who do you think would win

1091
01:05:40,000 --> 01:05:44,040
Speaker 1: fisher versus snake? Big snake? You know that that's almost

1092
01:05:44,080 --> 01:05:47,840
Speaker 1: in the existing story of Ricky Ticky Tabby. That is true.

1093
01:05:48,000 --> 01:05:50,280
Speaker 1: Ricky Ticky Tabby is a mongoose. And there was an

1094
01:05:50,280 --> 01:05:52,760
Speaker 1: animated movie of it that our library had on VHS.

1095
01:05:53,160 --> 01:05:56,920
Speaker 1: Remember that, I remember that. Yeah, it was like a

1096
01:05:57,080 --> 01:06:00,360
Speaker 1: Chuck Jones movie. Um. Yeah, And and that's story is

1097
01:06:00,400 --> 01:06:04,720
Speaker 1: accurate because monkeys do eat snakes, Yeah, often poisonous ones,

1098
01:06:04,840 --> 01:06:07,320
Speaker 1: and they all eat they're not poison as sorry, venomous.

1099
01:06:07,720 --> 01:06:11,160
Speaker 1: And they'll also eat um scorpions, and they have a

1100
01:06:11,240 --> 01:06:16,200
Speaker 1: certain resistance to yeah, to scorpion venom Tough little noodle boys,

1101
01:06:16,360 --> 01:06:18,840
Speaker 1: tough little noodle boys. Yeah. Or would it just like

1102
01:06:18,960 --> 01:06:20,960
Speaker 1: if you matched up a fissure with a snake, would

1103
01:06:21,000 --> 01:06:23,720
Speaker 1: it just be like like flopping two noodles together, like

1104
01:06:23,880 --> 01:06:27,680
Speaker 1: a fight, like fighting with two poodle pool noodles, you know,

1105
01:06:27,760 --> 01:06:37,120
Speaker 1: pool noodle fights that you have you got anything to plug.

1106
01:06:38,440 --> 01:06:41,680
Speaker 1: My upcoming pool fights going to be uh no, the

1107
01:06:41,720 --> 01:06:44,040
Speaker 1: correct podcast. I hope people check it out and uh

1108
01:06:44,240 --> 01:06:47,280
Speaker 1: and then I'm doing a show in l A Friday

1109
01:06:47,400 --> 01:06:51,000
Speaker 1: July if that fits with Yeah. Yeah, it's a Stories

1110
01:06:51,040 --> 01:06:53,360
Speaker 1: Cafe and Echo Park. It's called Difficult to Name and

1111
01:06:53,440 --> 01:06:55,480
Speaker 1: it's a great reading series. Now what's the show's name?

1112
01:06:55,880 --> 01:06:58,520
Speaker 1: Difficult to just come on, you can do it, difficult

1113
01:06:58,520 --> 01:07:01,320
Speaker 1: to name. I like you should come more prepared to

1114
01:07:01,440 --> 01:07:09,880
Speaker 1: these podcasts. You were so ready for that. Yeah. I

1115
01:07:10,080 --> 01:07:12,720
Speaker 1: was actually just on the Crack podcast, so that should

1116
01:07:12,720 --> 01:07:15,840
Speaker 1: be coming out soon, probably around the time. Well when

1117
01:07:15,960 --> 01:07:19,520
Speaker 1: is that coming out? It'll be middle agely okay? Cool? Yeah, sweet.

1118
01:07:20,760 --> 01:07:23,680
Speaker 1: So it's all coming together. It's coming it's all it's

1119
01:07:23,800 --> 01:07:26,160
Speaker 1: all the way to the top. It's all coming together.

1120
01:07:27,800 --> 01:07:31,120
Speaker 1: And you brought great stuff, including animal stup so yeah, yeah, right, yeah,

1121
01:07:31,280 --> 01:07:36,400
Speaker 1: we talk about extinct kangaroos or are they what tough

1122
01:07:36,440 --> 01:07:41,280
Speaker 1: little kangaroo boy? So where can people find you? Alex?

1123
01:07:41,840 --> 01:07:44,760
Speaker 1: I'm at Alex Metty on Twitter, and then my website

1124
01:07:44,800 --> 01:07:47,320
Speaker 1: is Alex Smitty dot com and it has an email

1125
01:07:47,400 --> 01:07:49,919
Speaker 1: newsletter I do where it's ten tips on fun things

1126
01:07:50,000 --> 01:07:52,400
Speaker 1: that are free on the internet. Am I not subscribe

1127
01:07:52,440 --> 01:07:54,880
Speaker 1: to that? Maybe I think I don't talk about it enough.

1128
01:07:54,920 --> 01:07:57,480
Speaker 1: I've been trying to. Yeah, that's amazing. I'm going to

1129
01:07:57,600 --> 01:08:01,560
Speaker 1: subscribe to that. I want Schmitty to Yeah, they come

1130
01:08:01,640 --> 01:08:08,120
Speaker 1: like once a month, obtrusively, the Gritty Schmitty. I feel

1131
01:08:08,120 --> 01:08:10,640
Speaker 1: like the room will fill with nicknames. There we are here.

1132
01:08:11,480 --> 01:08:14,200
Speaker 1: I invite everyone on Twitter to round Alex with your

1133
01:08:14,200 --> 01:08:19,879
Speaker 1: own nicknames. You of course can find us at Creature

1134
01:08:19,920 --> 01:08:23,559
Speaker 1: feet Pod on Twitter, a t U Creature feature pod

1135
01:08:23,880 --> 01:08:28,200
Speaker 1: dot com, Creature feature Pod on Instagram. We're up here

1136
01:08:28,320 --> 01:08:32,240
Speaker 1: every Wednesday, and I'm at Katie Golden and of course

1137
01:08:32,280 --> 01:08:35,920
Speaker 1: I'm also at pro bird rites or is the bird meat?

1138
01:08:36,200 --> 01:08:41,560
Speaker 1: Or am I the bird? I'm just thinking about that

1139
01:08:41,600 --> 01:08:44,040
Speaker 1: bird that poops on its enemies. I know, I know,

1140
01:08:44,320 --> 01:08:48,960
Speaker 1: it's it's It is truly an excellent strategy of bombardment.

1141
01:08:51,479 --> 01:09:03,120
Speaker 1: Birds is nasty, nasty listen birds. Yeah, and thanks to

1142
01:09:03,240 --> 01:09:06,519
Speaker 1: the Space Classics for their awesome song Exo Lumina