WEBVTT - Everything We Know About Squids 0:00:01.440 --> 0:00:04.240 Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of I 0:00:04.360 --> 0:00:13.200 Heart Radio. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh, 0:00:13.200 --> 0:00:15.720 and there's Chuck and this is Stuff you Should Know 0:00:15.880 --> 0:00:22.920 the podcast. That's right, this is our octopus adjacent uh. 0:00:23.160 --> 0:00:28.440 Continued love for cephalopods episode on one of the weirdest 0:00:28.480 --> 0:00:34.160 looking creatures on planet Earth, the squid. Not just weird looking, Chuck, 0:00:34.240 --> 0:00:40.840 also pretty smart, widely cannibalistic, and beaked. Yeah, they're weird 0:00:40.840 --> 0:00:44.319 looking animals, man, the squid. Imagine if a human had 0:00:44.320 --> 0:00:48.839 its face in its belly button and no arms, and 0:00:48.840 --> 0:00:51.480 that's kind of what a squid is, right, And also 0:00:51.720 --> 0:00:54.160 our esophagus went through our brain on the way to 0:00:54.200 --> 0:00:57.640 our stomach. Imagine that that is really weird. They look 0:00:57.720 --> 0:01:00.920 like they're uh, they look sort of like an octopus 0:01:00.960 --> 0:01:07.280 wearing a big papal hat. Yeah, let's just sit here 0:01:07.319 --> 0:01:11.040 and take weird descriptions of of squid for the rest 0:01:11.080 --> 0:01:13.320 of the episode because I like it. They're very very 0:01:13.360 --> 0:01:15.440 strange creatures, but they are awesome and like you said, 0:01:16.360 --> 0:01:20.600 possibly as smartest dogs. Yeah, we'll get to that for sure. 0:01:20.680 --> 0:01:24.200 But um, squid have been around for a very long time. 0:01:24.959 --> 0:01:27.440 Exactly when is not quite certain. But at least a 0:01:27.480 --> 0:01:31.320 hundred million years from what I've seen, and um, since 0:01:31.360 --> 0:01:35.000 that time, there there have been either a plethora of 0:01:35.280 --> 0:01:38.200 species three hundred or it's been whittled down to three 0:01:38.240 --> 0:01:41.800 hundred species. I'm not entirely certain, but those three hundred 0:01:41.840 --> 0:01:45.840 species of squid are basically divided between two suborders of squid. 0:01:46.240 --> 0:01:48.960 And for my money, Chuck, I love it when suborders 0:01:49.000 --> 0:01:51.520 are like these are like this, and those are like that, 0:01:51.600 --> 0:01:53.960 and that's that. And this is one of those instances. 0:01:54.000 --> 0:02:00.760 You've got my opposida and oisida. I pro this too. 0:02:01.080 --> 0:02:04.160 Oh yeah, yeah, I didn't, and I didn't pay off. 0:02:04.760 --> 0:02:07.360 So that's that's the lesson here. Everybody, don't practice. Don't 0:02:07.400 --> 0:02:10.040 even bother. I figured one of those in the second group, 0:02:10.120 --> 0:02:11.920 one of those first two letters would have been silent, 0:02:12.040 --> 0:02:16.839 but they're both pronounced. That's that's my take of um 0:02:17.000 --> 0:02:21.080 Latin pronunciation. Oh we gaps that. Uh, all right, So 0:02:21.120 --> 0:02:23.360 we'll talk a little bit about a few examples of 0:02:23.400 --> 0:02:27.760 the my opposite a sub order. First, Uh, these fellows 0:02:27.800 --> 0:02:30.520 live in a pretty shallow water compared to their friends. 0:02:31.200 --> 0:02:34.400 And as you'll see, some you know squid, uh, certainly 0:02:34.480 --> 0:02:37.560 the giant squid live very very very very in very 0:02:37.600 --> 0:02:42.480 deep waters. Um. But the that first group has uh 0:02:42.600 --> 0:02:47.160 suckers only, and as you will see, that's uh not unusual. 0:02:47.200 --> 0:02:50.520 But that's just one thing that they can have on 0:02:50.560 --> 0:02:54.360 those tentacles. They have a transparent membrane that covers their eyeballs. 0:02:55.080 --> 0:02:58.519 And here's a few of those dudes. One very common 0:02:58.520 --> 0:03:02.240 one is the California gets squid and they live in 0:03:02.560 --> 0:03:07.520 very shallow waters and the eastern Pacific basically from Mexico 0:03:07.560 --> 0:03:10.359 all the way up to Alaska. Yeah. I saw that 0:03:10.360 --> 0:03:13.520 that Alaska as recent as as recent as two thousand fifteen, 0:03:13.520 --> 0:03:17.120 and that they think they're moving northward because of climate change. Actually, 0:03:17.919 --> 0:03:21.800 tons of these in the Monterey Bay and where they're 0:03:21.800 --> 0:03:25.040 fished very heavily. And by the way, we should thank 0:03:25.120 --> 0:03:28.799 Ocean Bites dot org. Uh. And it's not a seafood website, 0:03:28.840 --> 0:03:32.359 believe or not. H The Guardian, the Spruce Eats, which 0:03:32.400 --> 0:03:34.480 is a food website, and our old friends at house 0:03:34.480 --> 0:03:37.839 Stuff works for most of the stuff. Yep. Um. There's 0:03:37.880 --> 0:03:42.640 also the common European squid for our listeners in the UK. Hey, everybody, 0:03:42.680 --> 0:03:44.840 these are the squid that you swim with every day. 0:03:45.160 --> 0:03:47.400 They're found in the Mediterranean. You could also find them 0:03:47.400 --> 0:03:50.440 in the Atlantic, the Eastern Atlantic, and they are a 0:03:50.480 --> 0:03:54.280 little less shallow than the California market squid. They swim 0:03:54.280 --> 0:03:59.400 anywhere from twenty which is undred and fifty feet, and 0:03:59.440 --> 0:04:02.080 they weigh up to about three pounds on average, and 0:04:02.360 --> 0:04:05.520 they're about sixteen inches long. UM. So it's like a 0:04:05.520 --> 0:04:07.680 good sized, decent sized squid that you have to hold 0:04:07.720 --> 0:04:09.960 with like two hands. You know, if you're picking one 0:04:10.000 --> 0:04:12.560 up out of the water, which you shouldn't do, No, 0:04:12.760 --> 0:04:15.800 you shouldn't do that. Then you've got your Caribbean reef 0:04:16.000 --> 0:04:19.120 squid obviously lives in the Caribbean and then off the 0:04:19.120 --> 0:04:22.680 Florida coasts and these you know, this is where you're 0:04:22.680 --> 0:04:25.279 find the first mention of the cuttle fish. Um see 0:04:25.360 --> 0:04:28.320 you t t not cuddles and cuddling up with one. 0:04:29.080 --> 0:04:31.440 They look a little more like a cuttlefish. But a 0:04:31.480 --> 0:04:34.960 cuttlefish is a cephalopod along with the octopus and those 0:04:35.040 --> 0:04:38.800 three Um, there's a lot of similarities between these three 0:04:39.279 --> 0:04:42.479 um little fishies. And so you're gonna hear things about 0:04:42.520 --> 0:04:45.799 the cuttlefish and some about the octopus as well. Yeah, 0:04:45.960 --> 0:04:48.480 you just can't talk about squid and not mention the octopus, 0:04:48.560 --> 0:04:53.400 which I'm sure just really burns squids hash, you know. Sure. 0:04:54.480 --> 0:04:58.000 So then you've got the oopsida that are um, the 0:04:58.120 --> 0:05:00.560 deep dwelling ones. Like you said, there's the short finned 0:05:00.600 --> 0:05:04.719 squid which lives in the Atlantic from Florida to Newfoundland. UM. 0:05:04.839 --> 0:05:08.479 They have actually a long migration. They go to warmer 0:05:08.520 --> 0:05:11.160 waters to lay their eggs, which is um an unusual 0:05:11.320 --> 0:05:15.240 characteristic for squid. UM. What else is there for ops at? 0:05:15.279 --> 0:05:17.960 A chuck? Well, this one's really interesting. The deep sea 0:05:18.040 --> 0:05:21.800 luminescence squid. Uh. They live about three thousand feet down 0:05:21.839 --> 0:05:24.840 in the North Atlantic and then you can find them 0:05:24.960 --> 0:05:27.160 um in different parts all over the world New Zealand 0:05:27.200 --> 0:05:32.680 and Australia, Japan, UM, also Hawaii and Bermuda. And they lives, 0:05:32.960 --> 0:05:35.920 you know, so deep, it's really dark down there, and 0:05:35.960 --> 0:05:39.600 they actually you know, we've talked about bioluminescence before, I 0:05:39.680 --> 0:05:42.599 think a whole episode on bioluminescence, and I don't know 0:05:42.640 --> 0:05:46.160 if we mentioned this squid, because the deep sea luminescence 0:05:46.160 --> 0:05:51.000 squid does practice or is capable of bioluminescence and have 0:05:51.120 --> 0:05:54.800 these photophor organs that that light up the deep dark 0:05:54.880 --> 0:05:58.000 darkness of the deep sea, the deep darkness of the 0:05:58.040 --> 0:06:01.159 deep sea. I like that, I saw, Yeah, I do too. 0:06:01.320 --> 0:06:04.800 I saw somewhere that those squid and other luminescing squids 0:06:05.279 --> 0:06:08.159 um like they do that to communicate with one another 0:06:08.200 --> 0:06:10.240 as much as to hunt and prey. But it does 0:06:10.320 --> 0:06:12.119 make sense that they would have to do this because 0:06:12.160 --> 0:06:16.800 squid are primarily um. Their primary senses eyesight. They have 0:06:16.920 --> 0:06:21.240 really sharp eyesight, although, as we'll see interestingly, their color blind, 0:06:21.480 --> 0:06:26.200 which is gonna make something really snappy eventually. Uh. And 0:06:26.240 --> 0:06:29.679 what about this Humboldt squid. I like this guy seven 0:06:29.720 --> 0:06:32.120 to fifteen feet long, as much as a hundred pounds, 0:06:32.480 --> 0:06:35.280 got kind of a it is, and it looks it's 0:06:35.320 --> 0:06:38.000 got kind of a reddish skin. So they call them 0:06:38.000 --> 0:06:41.000 the red devil because they're also really brutal um when 0:06:41.000 --> 0:06:43.239 they attack their prey, and they'll even go after sharks. 0:06:43.520 --> 0:06:46.039 I saw that they'll go after whales sometimes too, So 0:06:46.080 --> 0:06:49.080 they don't mess around there in the eastern Pacific. So 0:06:49.400 --> 0:06:52.480 I guess around Humboldt County, California. So you know what 0:06:52.520 --> 0:06:56.400 they're doing. Yeah, you know why they got those red eyes. 0:06:56.800 --> 0:07:01.440 They're smoking seaweed. Uh, very good. Uh. So we want 0:07:01.440 --> 0:07:04.920 to shout out something else that is not exactly a squidum, 0:07:04.920 --> 0:07:07.679 But we do need to shout out the vampire squid 0:07:07.760 --> 0:07:10.480 from Hell. Uh. They do call it a squid, but 0:07:11.120 --> 0:07:14.880 it's actually a well what they call it is a 0:07:15.000 --> 0:07:20.840 vampiromorpha from what is the order? No, that's the order. 0:07:20.880 --> 0:07:25.840 What's the speciom vampiro toothis infra analyis, which means vampire 0:07:25.920 --> 0:07:29.840 squid from Hell. Yeah, very scary sounding name. And again, 0:07:29.880 --> 0:07:33.960 it's not exactly a squid, even though it does um. 0:07:34.000 --> 0:07:36.120 It is a cephalopod, but it's sort of like the 0:07:36.160 --> 0:07:39.440 way I described it on this video was it's like 0:07:39.720 --> 0:07:45.120 the representation of a cephalopod before they split into octopus 0:07:45.120 --> 0:07:49.240 and squid. So it's a really ancient creature. Uh. They're 0:07:49.360 --> 0:07:53.440 known as living fossils. Basically they live below six meters 0:07:53.840 --> 0:07:57.320 and what's called the oxygen minimum zone, and there's just 0:07:57.480 --> 0:07:59.080 not a lot of oxygen down there, and so they 0:07:59.080 --> 0:08:01.800 have a very low metal ballic rate and mainly just 0:08:01.920 --> 0:08:05.200 sort of they do have eight arms and not tin uh, 0:08:05.240 --> 0:08:07.480 so they have the arms like an octopus instead of 0:08:07.520 --> 0:08:10.200 a squid, but they mainly just float around and they 0:08:10.240 --> 0:08:14.200 don't move much because of the so little because of 0:08:14.240 --> 0:08:17.040 the lack of oxygen. And the way they eat is 0:08:17.080 --> 0:08:20.920 really cool. They have these uh they're not carnivores. They 0:08:20.920 --> 0:08:23.760 eat what's called marine snow, which is just sort of 0:08:23.760 --> 0:08:27.280 the detritus that's floating around, like little bits and pieces 0:08:27.320 --> 0:08:30.520 of fish skin and and fish poop and stuff. Uh 0:08:30.640 --> 0:08:32.880 that kind of looks like snow in the deep darkness. 0:08:33.280 --> 0:08:35.360 And they have these little lines that they throw out 0:08:35.400 --> 0:08:38.480 from their body, uh, sort of like a fishing line 0:08:38.520 --> 0:08:41.120 almost that several feet long, and the snow just sort 0:08:41.160 --> 0:08:43.600 of collects on it. It's really sticky, and when they 0:08:43.600 --> 0:08:46.400 get enough stuff, they put it in their mouth and 0:08:46.440 --> 0:08:48.760 then just sort of pull it back out again like 0:08:48.800 --> 0:08:50.960 a bare chicken bone and a and a Tom and 0:08:51.040 --> 0:08:54.240 Jerry cartoon and all that all that marine snow is 0:08:54.280 --> 0:08:58.280 now in their body. Really interesting though. Um, I want 0:08:58.320 --> 0:09:01.240 to give a shout out to the fin squid. Two. 0:09:01.280 --> 0:09:04.079 Did you see that that link? Yeah? That things that 0:09:04.240 --> 0:09:07.280 things all arms. Yeah, because a lot of the the 0:09:07.400 --> 0:09:10.360 um the squid out there, like especially the my opposite 0:09:10.400 --> 0:09:14.640 of squid, they're fairly evenly proportioned between tentacle and head 0:09:14.880 --> 0:09:17.000 for the most part, or at the very least, it's 0:09:17.000 --> 0:09:19.720 not wildly disproportionate. That's not the case with the big 0:09:19.760 --> 0:09:22.720 finn squid. It's very little head and body, lots and 0:09:22.760 --> 0:09:25.080 lots of arms up to twenty one ft long arms 0:09:25.080 --> 0:09:29.840 and tentacles and um. They are probably the deepest dwelling squid. 0:09:30.120 --> 0:09:33.280 They've been recorded up to twenty three and eighty feet 0:09:33.320 --> 0:09:36.800 down in the Philippine Sea and only twelve recorded sightings 0:09:36.800 --> 0:09:39.240 have taken place, which I think is pretty neat. That's 0:09:39.520 --> 0:09:43.880 pretty amazing. Look at the picture of these, These are cool. Yeah, sure. 0:09:44.240 --> 0:09:46.920 And the vampire squid too, Yeah, I don't think we 0:09:47.000 --> 0:09:50.520 said that it has It looks like a vampire cape too. Yeah, 0:09:50.600 --> 0:09:52.960 that's where it gets the name, right. And the red eyes. Yeah, 0:09:53.000 --> 0:09:57.679 they're very very creepy looking. Um. Alright, So squids are mollusks, 0:09:58.559 --> 0:10:00.679 but they don't look like other mollusks that you know 0:10:00.760 --> 0:10:03.640 of because they don't have an outer shell. What they 0:10:03.640 --> 0:10:07.160 have is a soft body with a shell on the inside, 0:10:07.200 --> 0:10:11.679 which is pretty remarkable. And I didn't really see anything 0:10:11.800 --> 0:10:17.960 evolutionarily that I could point to to sort of explain this. Well, yeah, 0:10:18.080 --> 0:10:20.160 so the only thing I saw is that it supports 0:10:20.160 --> 0:10:23.760 the internal organs. It's called a pen. But why it's 0:10:23.760 --> 0:10:26.440 on the inside rather the outside, I don't understand that either. 0:10:26.480 --> 0:10:29.360 It just makes squid that much more interesting, you know, well, 0:10:29.440 --> 0:10:32.680 and that much more vulnerable. Uh that they had a 0:10:32.679 --> 0:10:35.360 big hard outer shell that's obviously like an armor for 0:10:35.440 --> 0:10:38.720 a mollusc. So uh, I don't know. Maybe they missed 0:10:38.720 --> 0:10:43.720 the memo, I guess so. So they're also cephalopods too, right, 0:10:43.880 --> 0:10:48.080 which um includes octopus, cuttlefish, the nautilus, which is a 0:10:48.160 --> 0:10:53.200 distantly related cephalopod, and then squid. Uh. And then you've 0:10:53.200 --> 0:10:56.560 got the cephalopods that are eight armed, the octopods, and 0:10:56.559 --> 0:10:59.559 then you've got the ten armed decapods, cuttle fish and squid. 0:11:00.040 --> 0:11:05.200 And technically squid have eight tentacles in two arms, but 0:11:05.520 --> 0:11:08.760 together that's ten. Yeah. And I think those two arms 0:11:08.840 --> 0:11:13.120 are sort of more like arms than tentacles, right, don't 0:11:13.120 --> 0:11:15.920 They kind of shorter and like function a little more 0:11:15.960 --> 0:11:19.800 like grabby arms. Yeah. They can deal a deck of cards, 0:11:20.280 --> 0:11:22.600 they can drive a car. There's a lot of stuff 0:11:22.640 --> 0:11:24.480 those arms can do, but they usually have them kind 0:11:24.480 --> 0:11:27.679 of retracted up and then the ones that use their 0:11:27.760 --> 0:11:30.080 arms to catch prey they shoot them out and grab 0:11:30.200 --> 0:11:32.400 prey and then bring them back toward them, which is 0:11:32.400 --> 0:11:35.480 pretty amazing. So their arms are usually much longer than 0:11:35.520 --> 0:11:38.200 their tentacles and a lot of the species. Yeah, and 0:11:38.240 --> 0:11:41.720 you mentioned that we don't know exactly when squids came about. 0:11:42.080 --> 0:11:45.439 We do know that cephalopods came about during what's known 0:11:45.440 --> 0:11:49.160 as the Cambrian Explosion about five million years ago, when 0:11:49.520 --> 0:11:54.520 a lot of new animal groups emerged. But squids, uh, 0:11:54.559 --> 0:11:56.880 they split off at some point, like you said, between 0:11:56.920 --> 0:12:01.520 these octopods and decapods, but we're not exactly sure how 0:12:01.559 --> 0:12:04.079 long ago, a couple of hundred million years probably right. 0:12:04.679 --> 0:12:07.720 I saw it. I saw anywhere from like two hundred 0:12:07.840 --> 0:12:10.680 two hundred and sixty million, and I saw it placed 0:12:10.720 --> 0:12:14.079 within the Mesozoic marine revolution, which apparently is a time 0:12:14.120 --> 0:12:17.720 when a lot of um different things evolved harder shells, 0:12:17.760 --> 0:12:21.000 and then other predators evolved ways to break through those shells. 0:12:21.000 --> 0:12:23.920 It was like a real um just kind of like 0:12:23.960 --> 0:12:27.480 an arms race in in the ocean um during that 0:12:27.520 --> 0:12:30.959 time for evolution, and that's when squid would have come along. 0:12:31.080 --> 0:12:37.040 So from what I saw, I like that an arms race. Yeah. So, uh, 0:12:37.080 --> 0:12:40.560 we did discuss the fact that some of these like 0:12:40.600 --> 0:12:42.480 if you haven't gotten the picture now. They have a 0:12:42.559 --> 0:12:46.280 very large size range. Because we did mention the small ones. 0:12:46.320 --> 0:12:49.120 There are some that are just like an inch long, 0:12:49.280 --> 0:12:52.120 just a tiny little squid. Uh. And then eventually we're 0:12:52.120 --> 0:12:54.800 going to get to the colossus and the giant squids, 0:12:54.880 --> 0:12:57.400 which these are the you know, the stuff of legend 0:12:57.400 --> 0:12:59.960 of the deep sea from like you know, ancient sea 0:13:00.040 --> 0:13:04.040 farers of seeing these huge like cracking like beasts, and 0:13:04.120 --> 0:13:09.280 these are huge. They're like sixty plus feet long. And uh, 0:13:09.320 --> 0:13:11.400 it's just amazing to me that you can have something 0:13:12.080 --> 0:13:14.200 that kind of looks the same that's an inch and 0:13:14.240 --> 0:13:18.679 then sixty ft long. Yeah, it's pretty neat. Um the 0:13:18.840 --> 0:13:22.120 sixty ft long. Yeah, and they're all like equally interesting too. 0:13:22.480 --> 0:13:25.880 But the um, the smaller ones are typically going to 0:13:25.920 --> 0:13:27.920 be coastal ones, right, and the bigger ones are more 0:13:27.920 --> 0:13:30.960 suited for deep deep sea. I'm guessing, oh absolutely, you're 0:13:30.960 --> 0:13:34.199 not gonna see a sixty squid swing swimming in the 0:13:34.240 --> 0:13:38.160 ocean very close to you, thank god. Pretty unnerving. So 0:13:38.280 --> 0:13:41.360 one of the things that really has always like um 0:13:42.160 --> 0:13:45.480 boiled my pot about squids is that they have a 0:13:45.600 --> 0:13:48.960 parrot shaped beak. A lot of the species do in 0:13:49.040 --> 0:13:53.079 the center where their arms come together. There's a mouth 0:13:53.240 --> 0:13:55.440 and it often has a beak and then a bony 0:13:55.480 --> 0:13:59.040 tongue called the radula, and those arms will shoot out 0:13:59.360 --> 0:14:04.200 grab some poor unsuspecting fish that goes help me, help me, 0:14:04.559 --> 0:14:07.080 as the squid pulls it closer and closer to its mouth, 0:14:07.120 --> 0:14:09.120 and then it's beak tears into it and tears it 0:14:09.160 --> 0:14:12.679 into pieces. It's really important that it tears it into 0:14:12.920 --> 0:14:17.560 smaller pieces because the ragula forces those pieces down the 0:14:18.320 --> 0:14:21.480 I guess the squid's gullet, and again it has to 0:14:21.760 --> 0:14:24.360 pass through the esophagus that goes through the brain. So 0:14:24.440 --> 0:14:27.440 you don't want a big old chunk getting lodged in 0:14:27.480 --> 0:14:32.400 your esophagus in your brain area. God uh yeah. I 0:14:32.400 --> 0:14:34.680 mean it's pretty frightening when you see pictures of this beak. 0:14:34.720 --> 0:14:37.440 I mean squid or not to be Is it squids 0:14:37.480 --> 0:14:39.480 or squid? Sounds like it would be squid, but I 0:14:39.520 --> 0:14:43.080 think it is squids. No, So I saw squid as 0:14:43.200 --> 0:14:46.840 plural for squid, okay, right, but if you're talking about 0:14:46.880 --> 0:14:49.320 a bunch of different species of squid, you would probably 0:14:49.360 --> 0:14:53.600 say squids. Okay, that's a distinction. I don't remember where 0:14:53.600 --> 0:14:55.400 I saw that the word else i'd shout him out. 0:14:56.120 --> 0:14:59.520 So you mentioned that they're smart. Uh, there has been 0:14:59.640 --> 0:15:03.360 in a and I believe this was just in the 0:15:03.440 --> 0:15:07.480 year is when they finally put an m R. I 0:15:07.560 --> 0:15:10.600 on a squid because they had pretty good ideas that 0:15:10.640 --> 0:15:14.160 they were intelligent. Um, but they found that some of 0:15:14.160 --> 0:15:19.520 these squid have five hundred million neurons. And if that 0:15:19.560 --> 0:15:22.360 sounds like a lot of neurons for an animal like this, 0:15:22.520 --> 0:15:26.600 you're right, because like a rat, and rats are pretty smart, 0:15:26.720 --> 0:15:29.040 they have about two hundred million. If you look at 0:15:29.040 --> 0:15:32.520 a regular ordinary maluks, they only have about twenty. So 0:15:32.680 --> 0:15:35.360 five hundred million neurons is more along the lines of 0:15:35.360 --> 0:15:39.640 what you might find in a dog. Yeah. So that's 0:15:39.640 --> 0:15:41.760 where I was wondering, like, how do they how are 0:15:41.800 --> 0:15:44.720 they equating intelligence between a dog and a squid? That 0:15:44.800 --> 0:15:47.840 makes sense, you know, rather than brain size and relation 0:15:47.920 --> 0:15:50.440 to body size, which we kind of pooh pooed in 0:15:50.480 --> 0:15:54.760 the Origin of Intelligence episode, Like the number of neurons 0:15:54.800 --> 0:15:58.920 is actually a pretty good kind of indicator or for comparison. 0:15:58.960 --> 0:16:02.240 I would guess the thing is I saw this describe 0:16:02.280 --> 0:16:06.880 somewhere I can't remember where that What is what squid 0:16:07.080 --> 0:16:12.440 intelligence or octopus intelligence is is probably so radically different 0:16:12.480 --> 0:16:15.440 and alien from what human intelligences or even what dog 0:16:15.480 --> 0:16:21.280 intelligence is, because dogs, humans, monkeys, rats were all distantly 0:16:21.320 --> 0:16:26.280 related to fish, whereas squid and octopods they evolved from 0:16:26.320 --> 0:16:30.160 like basically sea slugs on a different, totally different family lineage, 0:16:30.360 --> 0:16:36.840 So their intelligence generated or evolved differently independently from human intelligence. 0:16:37.040 --> 0:16:39.440 And I also saw that possibly the octopus was the 0:16:39.480 --> 0:16:43.200 first intelligent being on Earth, so to compare our intelligence, 0:16:43.200 --> 0:16:48.200 there is definitely overlapping crossover. Um, but there it's there's 0:16:48.240 --> 0:16:50.960 just no telling what their experience of life is like. 0:16:51.320 --> 0:16:53.240 But it's just so fascinating to think that they have 0:16:53.320 --> 0:16:56.360 their own brand of intelligence and their experiencing life through 0:16:56.400 --> 0:16:59.360 that intellect, and we'll just never get it, just like 0:16:59.400 --> 0:17:02.760 they could never fully get our intellect either. Yeah, because 0:17:02.800 --> 0:17:06.040 I think that walking around on Earth, we tend to 0:17:06.080 --> 0:17:09.800 think of intelligence is like for animals is like if 0:17:09.800 --> 0:17:12.760 they're trainable or something, and like can you teach a 0:17:12.800 --> 0:17:18.440 squid to sit and say, uh, say please roll over? 0:17:19.080 --> 0:17:22.240 Play dead? And it's a different kind of intelligence. But um, 0:17:22.320 --> 0:17:24.000 why don't we take a break and we'll talk about 0:17:24.720 --> 0:17:28.120 another part of their weird kind of intelligence right after 0:17:28.160 --> 0:17:56.600 the break. Yeah, all right, so we talked about squid 0:17:56.640 --> 0:17:58.960 intelligence and how it's a different kind of intelligence, but 0:17:59.000 --> 0:18:01.720 they're super smart. UM. One thing that we need to 0:18:01.760 --> 0:18:05.200 mention and uh for like a full the full low 0:18:05.240 --> 0:18:08.119 down on chromatophores. I think we should just refer people 0:18:08.119 --> 0:18:13.560 to the Great Octopus episode. Um. But they do have these, um, 0:18:13.600 --> 0:18:17.720 these chromatophores on their body, and they're able to um 0:18:17.960 --> 0:18:22.359 camouflage themselves, are able to change the the size and 0:18:22.440 --> 0:18:25.840 shape and color of these pigment cells on their skin 0:18:26.080 --> 0:18:28.640 or you know, just under their skin to where they 0:18:28.640 --> 0:18:30.440 can you know, you've seen octopuses do it to where 0:18:30.480 --> 0:18:33.640 they camouflage themselves in remarkable ways, to where they even 0:18:33.640 --> 0:18:36.200 take the shape of something like a reef or something 0:18:36.200 --> 0:18:39.800 that they're hiding next do. But squid actually have what 0:18:39.840 --> 0:18:42.360 they called or what they refer to, or at least 0:18:42.400 --> 0:18:47.480 males do, a skin powered alphabet, and they can literally 0:18:48.400 --> 0:18:51.280 uh well again, I don't know if it's literally. I 0:18:51.320 --> 0:18:53.000 don't know if I'm being that guy that's a set 0:18:53.040 --> 0:18:56.439 word wrong. But they say that squid can do things 0:18:56.480 --> 0:18:59.959 like say I love you through their through those chromatophor 0:19:00.000 --> 0:19:04.480 words to a female squid. And it's not just like, oh, 0:19:04.520 --> 0:19:07.359 it gives off a mating cent like it literally has 0:19:07.400 --> 0:19:10.960 like a sort of alphabet that it can spell out things. 0:19:11.040 --> 0:19:14.399 And again it's this is squid language, but that's what 0:19:14.440 --> 0:19:20.960 they equate it to. At least they say exactly. Hey, 0:19:20.960 --> 0:19:23.119 it's okay. So I have two questions now that you 0:19:23.200 --> 0:19:28.520 brought up the octopus episode, our octopus still your favorite 0:19:28.560 --> 0:19:31.000 animal of all time? Because I'm pretty sure you declared 0:19:31.040 --> 0:19:35.919 them that in that episode. There might say they're up there. Okay, 0:19:35.920 --> 0:19:38.000 so they're still up there, but they're not necessarily your 0:19:38.040 --> 0:19:41.840 favorite there there they Maybe let's just say that, okay, 0:19:41.920 --> 0:19:44.639 fair enough. The second question I have is what happened 0:19:44.680 --> 0:19:49.760 to you in the rope trauma? You should ask that 0:19:49.840 --> 0:19:52.919 once a year till the end of time. Maybe in 0:19:52.920 --> 0:19:55.000 our final episode ever, I'll reveal that. It would be 0:19:55.040 --> 0:19:57.719 a nice little He'll be like, let me tell you 0:19:57.760 --> 0:20:03.640 about trauma. Oh it was a day and seven. I'd 0:20:03.640 --> 0:20:09.040 be like, chuck your fifty five? What happened? Um? Alright? 0:20:09.040 --> 0:20:10.800 So I mean squids are smart. Can we just put 0:20:10.800 --> 0:20:13.760 a nail on that one? Yeah? Sure, But don't nail 0:20:13.800 --> 0:20:16.200 a squid to a board. That's an awful thing to do. No, 0:20:17.280 --> 0:20:20.000 don't do that. I think it bears saying, because I'm 0:20:20.040 --> 0:20:21.920 gonna get up on my soapbox when we talk about 0:20:21.960 --> 0:20:25.440 eating squid. Okay, yeah, let's do it. You want to 0:20:25.480 --> 0:20:29.040 talk about eating squid now? No, no, no, let's do that. Okay, 0:20:29.119 --> 0:20:32.200 I got you. I mistook what you were meaning. I've 0:20:32.200 --> 0:20:35.160 got squid intellect as best. I think we should talk 0:20:35.200 --> 0:20:39.560 about squid sex and then squid inc Okay, let's talk 0:20:39.600 --> 0:20:42.880 about squid sex chuck, because it gets kind of freaky, 0:20:43.040 --> 0:20:46.879 gets a little nasty um and they have like, uh 0:20:47.040 --> 0:20:52.040 like sexual reproduction, which means that they they go, they 0:20:52.080 --> 0:20:57.200 get it on, they hugging kids. Right, are we adopting 0:20:57.200 --> 0:21:00.360 that the official s y s K terminology can't steal 0:21:00.400 --> 0:21:03.080 it from unchman? That's that's his steal. We could if 0:21:03.080 --> 0:21:04.840 we give him a shout out and mentioned like his 0:21:04.920 --> 0:21:09.360 Twitter handle every time we do. I'm sure he'd appreciate that. Yeah, 0:21:09.440 --> 0:21:12.560 we can't steal someone else's bet, even though I keep 0:21:12.560 --> 0:21:16.440 saying it. Yeah, I'm just trying to pave the way 0:21:16.480 --> 0:21:19.520 to full acceptance one where or the other. Right, can 0:21:19.560 --> 0:21:22.760 we talk about squid sex? Yeah? I tried to. I 0:21:22.840 --> 0:21:25.440 tried to lay it out there. Well, here's what happens. 0:21:25.760 --> 0:21:29.639 The male squid has sperm that are produced in testes 0:21:30.480 --> 0:21:35.119 or test us and uh, they this this sperm is 0:21:35.160 --> 0:21:37.240 stored in a sack, and when they do mate, the 0:21:37.280 --> 0:21:42.240 male has this special arm that transfers packets of sperm 0:21:42.280 --> 0:21:47.000 to the female's mouth cavity. And that's because very unusual, 0:21:47.080 --> 0:21:49.600 but that's where the eggs are, right right, that's where 0:21:49.640 --> 0:21:51.440 it makes sense. That's when it all kind of comes 0:21:51.440 --> 0:21:55.159 home and everybody can go, oh, okay, alright, cool, And 0:21:55.200 --> 0:21:59.840 did you make scare quotes when you said arms special arm? Uh? 0:22:00.320 --> 0:22:04.040 Within kind of sounded like yeah, I think so. So 0:22:04.080 --> 0:22:08.480 then after the eggs are fertilized, the female um squid 0:22:08.920 --> 0:22:12.640 basically spits them out and what's termed or what's described 0:22:12.640 --> 0:22:16.360 as a gelatinous mass of fertilized eggs. And I assumed 0:22:16.400 --> 0:22:18.720 that like she would just kind of let them float away. 0:22:18.760 --> 0:22:20.960 And that was that because, as we'll see, the squid 0:22:21.000 --> 0:22:26.440 life cycles really short, especially shallow coastal squid live maybe 0:22:26.640 --> 0:22:29.040 for a year, and the big thing that they do 0:22:29.119 --> 0:22:32.160 is reproduce. But it turns out, Chuck, that the female 0:22:32.200 --> 0:22:34.800 squid actually goes and grabs the fertilized eggs and then 0:22:35.080 --> 0:22:37.960 sets about hiding them in different places in the in 0:22:38.000 --> 0:22:41.000 the little habitat where she um just gave birth to 0:22:41.040 --> 0:22:43.440 them or laid them, I guess is what you'd say. Yeah, 0:22:43.440 --> 0:22:46.360 and she does this before she dies, because I think 0:22:46.480 --> 0:22:50.400 usually both the male and the female usually die after 0:22:50.440 --> 0:22:53.800 they mate. Right, Yeah, it's very sad, that's the It 0:22:53.920 --> 0:22:56.240 is kind of sad. That's like the big thing they do. 0:22:56.640 --> 0:22:59.000 It's weird. Well, one of the big things they do 0:22:59.720 --> 0:23:02.560 is inc. And I think this is a good time 0:23:02.560 --> 0:23:06.400 to talk about squid inc because, um, it's great in pasta. 0:23:06.880 --> 0:23:10.560 I love that squitting pasta. M hm, you know, like 0:23:10.600 --> 0:23:15.520 squitting pasta. No, this is this part of your soapbox. 0:23:16.240 --> 0:23:18.960 I'm just I'm reserving it for now, all right. I 0:23:19.000 --> 0:23:22.560 love squitting pasta. So let me ask you, though, does 0:23:22.600 --> 0:23:24.720 it actually taste like anything? Or is it like the 0:23:24.760 --> 0:23:28.080 power of suggestion kind of thing like all my pasta's black? 0:23:28.320 --> 0:23:30.840 Oh no, no, no, it tastes completely different than regular pasta. 0:23:31.440 --> 0:23:33.360 What does it taste like? Have you never had squitting 0:23:33.400 --> 0:23:36.800 So you've never had squitting pasta? No? I haven't. Okay, Yeah, 0:23:36.880 --> 0:23:41.159 it tastes completely different. It's very very rich. Um. It 0:23:41.280 --> 0:23:45.840 tastes it's very briny um. It has a different consistency. 0:23:46.600 --> 0:23:48.719 Uh yeah, yeah, it's not just like they add it 0:23:48.840 --> 0:23:51.600 than just to say, oh, look it's black like it 0:23:51.800 --> 0:23:54.840