1 00:00:04,760 --> 00:00:08,080 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg P and L Podcast. I'm Pim Fox. 2 00:00:08,119 --> 00:00:11,200 Speaker 1: Along with my co host Lisa Abramowitz. Each day we 3 00:00:11,280 --> 00:00:14,480 Speaker 1: bring you the most important, noteworthy, and useful interviews for 4 00:00:14,520 --> 00:00:16,880 Speaker 1: you and your money, whether at the grocery store or 5 00:00:16,920 --> 00:00:20,680 Speaker 1: the trading floor. Find the Bloomberg P L Podcast on iTunes, 6 00:00:20,840 --> 00:00:30,480 Speaker 1: SoundCloud and at Bloomberg dot com. The Affordable Care Act, well, 7 00:00:30,600 --> 00:00:35,879 Speaker 1: it is being challenged, at least rhetorically by Republicans in 8 00:00:36,120 --> 00:00:38,720 Speaker 1: the House, the Senate, and soon to be in the 9 00:00:38,760 --> 00:00:41,760 Speaker 1: White House. John Grouber is a professor of economics at 10 00:00:41,880 --> 00:00:44,800 Speaker 1: m I T and many people consider him a key 11 00:00:44,920 --> 00:00:49,040 Speaker 1: architect of the Obamacare program. He joins us now, John Groober, 12 00:00:49,080 --> 00:00:51,640 Speaker 1: thank you, sir, good to be here. Can you explain 13 00:00:51,720 --> 00:00:54,840 Speaker 1: some of the specific elements of the Affordable Care Act 14 00:00:55,200 --> 00:00:59,720 Speaker 1: which you believe need improvement. I think the major issue 15 00:00:59,760 --> 00:01:02,680 Speaker 1: before Portable Care Act that needs improvement is the fact 16 00:01:02,840 --> 00:01:06,280 Speaker 1: that ensure that competition has not been the strongest who 17 00:01:06,360 --> 00:01:09,759 Speaker 1: might have hoped on these exchanges, and that insures, as 18 00:01:09,760 --> 00:01:11,520 Speaker 1: a result of that, to raise premiums more than we 19 00:01:11,600 --> 00:01:14,800 Speaker 1: might have hoped. I think that really, in some sense 20 00:01:14,920 --> 00:01:16,800 Speaker 1: what needs to happen is something. The law needs to 21 00:01:16,840 --> 00:01:18,959 Speaker 1: be implemented the way it was written. I want any 22 00:01:19,000 --> 00:01:21,560 Speaker 1: buy that is. Two things. First of all, the states 23 00:01:21,600 --> 00:01:23,880 Speaker 1: where things are worse are the states have not expanded 24 00:01:23,920 --> 00:01:28,759 Speaker 1: their medicaid programs, leading sick individuals into the exchanges rather 25 00:01:28,840 --> 00:01:32,760 Speaker 1: than being covered by lower cost medicaid. Second of all, um, 26 00:01:33,000 --> 00:01:36,200 Speaker 1: what's happened is in the law there was reinsurance payments 27 00:01:36,520 --> 00:01:39,840 Speaker 1: to insurers that were scheduled paid to help them withstand 28 00:01:39,840 --> 00:01:43,120 Speaker 1: the vicissitudes of entering a new market. Republicans blocked those 29 00:01:43,120 --> 00:01:46,000 Speaker 1: payments and so insure suffered billions of costs they didn't 30 00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:48,720 Speaker 1: plan to when they signed up for the Obamacare exchanges. 31 00:01:49,080 --> 00:01:50,880 Speaker 1: But the law had really has been implemented as planned, 32 00:01:50,880 --> 00:01:52,800 Speaker 1: I think it would have gone a lot better. Okay, well, 33 00:01:52,840 --> 00:01:54,640 Speaker 1: let let's let's just take that first one just so 34 00:01:54,680 --> 00:01:57,680 Speaker 1: we can understand that. You say that people who should 35 00:01:57,760 --> 00:02:01,480 Speaker 1: have gone into the lower cost medic CAD program right 36 00:02:02,160 --> 00:02:07,600 Speaker 1: went into an exchange based program. That's correct. So the 37 00:02:07,600 --> 00:02:10,640 Speaker 1: way Obamacare was set up was individuals below a hundred 38 00:02:10,760 --> 00:02:12,680 Speaker 1: thirty percent of the poverty line or you know, like 39 00:02:12,760 --> 00:02:16,000 Speaker 1: fifteen dollars to an individual, we're supposed to be in 40 00:02:16,120 --> 00:02:18,639 Speaker 1: the government Medicaid program, which pays providers less and is 41 00:02:18,760 --> 00:02:21,280 Speaker 1: sort of a more unit is basically more managed type 42 00:02:21,280 --> 00:02:23,880 Speaker 1: of care. And the drews above that level we're supposed 43 00:02:23,880 --> 00:02:26,360 Speaker 1: to be in the exchanges buying private insurance along with 44 00:02:26,400 --> 00:02:30,080 Speaker 1: people of of hiring income levels. UH. The problem was 45 00:02:30,160 --> 00:02:33,600 Speaker 1: when states chose to turn down the free opportunity to 46 00:02:33,680 --> 00:02:37,399 Speaker 1: cover their uninsured, the really crazy decision to not expand Medicaid, 47 00:02:37,800 --> 00:02:41,320 Speaker 1: people between a hundred and hundred percent of poverty became 48 00:02:41,360 --> 00:02:44,800 Speaker 1: eligible for exchanges. So people who say in California would 49 00:02:44,800 --> 00:02:47,200 Speaker 1: be getting medicaid, people between a hundred and hundred thirty 50 00:02:47,280 --> 00:02:50,560 Speaker 1: percent of poverty will be getting Medicaid in Florida there 51 00:02:50,560 --> 00:02:53,400 Speaker 1: in the exchanges as a result. Actually the state with 52 00:02:53,440 --> 00:02:56,200 Speaker 1: the most people in exchanges in America is Florida, which 53 00:02:56,200 --> 00:03:00,680 Speaker 1: has speciferously fought the Affordable Care Act. Okay, can you 54 00:03:00,760 --> 00:03:04,320 Speaker 1: reconcile that though with the idea that there are people 55 00:03:05,080 --> 00:03:10,000 Speaker 1: many times above the UH the income level in order 56 00:03:10,040 --> 00:03:12,560 Speaker 1: to qualify for medicaid, because it also has to do 57 00:03:12,680 --> 00:03:14,960 Speaker 1: with some efforts on part of the government to figure 58 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:18,880 Speaker 1: out your assets, but that are paying maybe five hundred 59 00:03:19,280 --> 00:03:23,079 Speaker 1: more more dollars a month in premiums for the least 60 00:03:23,160 --> 00:03:27,519 Speaker 1: expensive plan that is on offer on the exchange, and 61 00:03:27,600 --> 00:03:31,680 Speaker 1: yet the deductible is so high that it makes paying 62 00:03:31,800 --> 00:03:37,040 Speaker 1: the premium almost crazy unless you know that you are 63 00:03:37,080 --> 00:03:40,360 Speaker 1: going to use some type of long stay, long term stay, 64 00:03:40,480 --> 00:03:44,120 Speaker 1: or catastrophic element of the plan. So basically, I think 65 00:03:44,120 --> 00:03:46,520 Speaker 1: when you evaluate any law like the Affordable Care Act, 66 00:03:46,600 --> 00:03:48,920 Speaker 1: you have to evaluate it relative not to the world 67 00:03:48,960 --> 00:03:51,840 Speaker 1: we wish existed, but the world that would have existed otherwise. 68 00:03:52,280 --> 00:03:54,560 Speaker 1: The problem you're pointing out is not about the Affordable 69 00:03:54,560 --> 00:03:56,880 Speaker 1: Care Act. It's about the super high cost of healthcare 70 00:03:56,920 --> 00:04:00,640 Speaker 1: in the US. We as a nation are spending seventeen 71 00:04:00,720 --> 00:04:04,120 Speaker 1: percent of our income on healthcare in a world that 72 00:04:04,160 --> 00:04:08,920 Speaker 1: pay income on our healthcare. A high income family paying 73 00:04:08,920 --> 00:04:11,440 Speaker 1: the kind of cost you're laying out is exactly what 74 00:04:11,480 --> 00:04:13,720 Speaker 1: you'd expect, you know, in a high income family is 75 00:04:13,720 --> 00:04:16,479 Speaker 1: gonna have spending ten plus percent. They're in healthcare in 76 00:04:16,480 --> 00:04:18,200 Speaker 1: a world where the nation of the whole is spending 77 00:04:18,200 --> 00:04:23,200 Speaker 1: se So really, that's not about Obamacare. That's about the fundamental, 78 00:04:23,279 --> 00:04:26,719 Speaker 1: long run problem of high costs, which Obamacare has done 79 00:04:26,760 --> 00:04:30,440 Speaker 1: more to address than any legislation US history. If you 80 00:04:30,440 --> 00:04:34,200 Speaker 1: look at the cost employer sponsored insurance since Obamacare has 81 00:04:34,200 --> 00:04:38,200 Speaker 1: been passed, they've fallen by thirty relative to what would 82 00:04:38,200 --> 00:04:41,680 Speaker 1: have happened otherwise. Well, you say relative to what would 83 00:04:41,760 --> 00:04:46,520 Speaker 1: have happened otherwise, but you recognize, I would imagine you 84 00:04:46,520 --> 00:04:49,600 Speaker 1: admit that if you ask people what has happened to 85 00:04:49,640 --> 00:04:52,160 Speaker 1: the premiums of their health insurance that they are either 86 00:04:52,200 --> 00:04:55,479 Speaker 1: paying for themselves or for their employees, you would not 87 00:04:55,520 --> 00:04:57,880 Speaker 1: be surprised if you heard them say it has gone 88 00:04:57,920 --> 00:05:00,600 Speaker 1: up dramatically. Well, you know, I would not be surprised 89 00:05:00,600 --> 00:05:04,040 Speaker 1: at all. And so this is the really difficult problem 90 00:05:04,120 --> 00:05:07,480 Speaker 1: that I think people who developed Obamacare did not appreciate 91 00:05:07,600 --> 00:05:11,120 Speaker 1: enough beforehand, which is that when you reform the system, 92 00:05:11,200 --> 00:05:15,000 Speaker 1: you own the system. And what that means is people 93 00:05:15,080 --> 00:05:19,320 Speaker 1: hold you, really in some sense to not the standard 94 00:05:19,360 --> 00:05:21,120 Speaker 1: of what would have happened otherwise, but the standard of 95 00:05:21,160 --> 00:05:24,479 Speaker 1: everything they don't like is your fault. And essentially we 96 00:05:24,600 --> 00:05:29,240 Speaker 1: have a system that's too expensive. Premiums since Obamacare have risen. 97 00:05:29,600 --> 00:05:31,960 Speaker 1: They have written much more slow than they were rising 98 00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:35,920 Speaker 1: before Obamacare, but they still risen. And the question is 99 00:05:36,080 --> 00:05:39,080 Speaker 1: what Obamacare supporters and that didn't do a good enough 100 00:05:39,160 --> 00:05:41,440 Speaker 1: job doing I don't know how we could have done it, 101 00:05:41,480 --> 00:05:43,960 Speaker 1: but clearly we couldn't do a better job would be 102 00:05:43,960 --> 00:05:47,600 Speaker 1: to explain to people, to set up more realistic expectations, 103 00:05:47,640 --> 00:05:51,479 Speaker 1: that Obamacare was the first step towards address the problems 104 00:05:51,480 --> 00:05:55,320 Speaker 1: to the system, not the solution. Having said that, can 105 00:05:55,360 --> 00:05:58,680 Speaker 1: you also maybe give us your perspective and you say 106 00:05:58,680 --> 00:06:01,200 Speaker 1: that would be the first step up. But knowing the 107 00:06:01,240 --> 00:06:05,240 Speaker 1: way that legislation and the government works, you're only only 108 00:06:05,240 --> 00:06:08,880 Speaker 1: going to get one or two chances during an entire administration. 109 00:06:08,960 --> 00:06:11,600 Speaker 1: So to say that it's the first step implies that 110 00:06:11,640 --> 00:06:14,040 Speaker 1: you're going to be able to roll out these improvements 111 00:06:14,080 --> 00:06:18,440 Speaker 1: on an ongoing basis that really just never happened. But 112 00:06:18,440 --> 00:06:21,400 Speaker 1: but that's actually not true. I mean, take Medicare. That's 113 00:06:21,440 --> 00:06:23,960 Speaker 1: the largest single healthcare program in the country. It's fifty 114 00:06:24,040 --> 00:06:27,160 Speaker 1: years old. We're continually changing it. No, but I'm talking 115 00:06:27,200 --> 00:06:28,960 Speaker 1: about it. I'm talking about a bomb. I'm talking about 116 00:06:28,960 --> 00:06:31,680 Speaker 1: the Affordable Care Act, not Medicare. No, but no. But 117 00:06:31,760 --> 00:06:33,320 Speaker 1: here's the reason I point it. You said we won't 118 00:06:33,320 --> 00:06:35,520 Speaker 1: be able to make those changes. Why not, Well, because 119 00:06:35,560 --> 00:06:38,360 Speaker 1: you can because you have a Republican administration coming in. 120 00:06:38,839 --> 00:06:42,720 Speaker 1: But that's a separate issue. But as political as political 121 00:06:42,720 --> 00:06:45,320 Speaker 1: and policy experts, isn't that one of the most fundamental 122 00:06:45,320 --> 00:06:47,560 Speaker 1: things to take into consideration that you might not be 123 00:06:47,640 --> 00:06:51,440 Speaker 1: around in the next four years to implement whatever improvements 124 00:06:51,440 --> 00:06:53,520 Speaker 1: you think are necessary to make it work for people. 125 00:06:53,920 --> 00:06:56,720 Speaker 1: So what you do in that situation you pass a 126 00:06:56,800 --> 00:07:00,520 Speaker 1: law that has two criteria. It makes to is better 127 00:07:00,560 --> 00:07:03,400 Speaker 1: than if the law did not exist, and be it 128 00:07:03,520 --> 00:07:06,760 Speaker 1: hopefully sets up a flexible enough system that well intentioned 129 00:07:06,760 --> 00:07:10,080 Speaker 1: people can continue to improve it. That's exactly what Obamacare did. 130 00:07:10,360 --> 00:07:13,440 Speaker 1: It made the world better. The healthcare costs are growing 131 00:07:13,440 --> 00:07:16,800 Speaker 1: more slowly, more people have health insurance coverage. They made 132 00:07:16,840 --> 00:07:19,840 Speaker 1: the world better than it was without Obamacare. But it 133 00:07:19,920 --> 00:07:22,440 Speaker 1: was impossible pass a law that literally fixed the system 134 00:07:22,440 --> 00:07:24,800 Speaker 1: because quite frankly, we don't know how. There's still too 135 00:07:24,880 --> 00:07:26,440 Speaker 1: much unknown. So what you do is you make the 136 00:07:26,480 --> 00:07:28,800 Speaker 1: world better and you set up a system where well 137 00:07:28,840 --> 00:07:30,960 Speaker 1: intentioned governments, which doesn't eem like this is gonna be 138 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:33,960 Speaker 1: one but we're well intentioned governments can continue to improve things. 139 00:07:34,520 --> 00:07:36,640 Speaker 1: That's all you can do. I mean, you can't solve 140 00:07:36,640 --> 00:07:38,480 Speaker 1: all the world's problems in one cell swoop. No piece 141 00:07:38,520 --> 00:07:41,679 Speaker 1: of legislation has ever done that the best legislation moves 142 00:07:41,680 --> 00:07:43,600 Speaker 1: in the right direction sets you up to continue to 143 00:07:43,600 --> 00:07:45,120 Speaker 1: move in that direction when you of government who are 144 00:07:45,120 --> 00:07:48,520 Speaker 1: willing to do so. Well done, Thanks very much, John Groober. 145 00:07:48,600 --> 00:07:51,160 Speaker 1: He is a professor of economics at m I T. 146 00:07:51,680 --> 00:07:55,400 Speaker 1: He is considered a key architect of the Affordable Care 147 00:07:55,440 --> 00:07:58,960 Speaker 1: Act Obamacare. We'll have to wait and see in seventeen 148 00:07:59,480 --> 00:08:02,960 Speaker 1: what President elect Donald Trump and House and Senate Republicans 149 00:08:03,440 --> 00:08:07,960 Speaker 1: have in mind for any changes or repeal of Obamacare. 150 00:08:20,480 --> 00:08:24,600 Speaker 1: US intelligence agencies have concluded that the Kremlin approved the 151 00:08:24,640 --> 00:08:29,920 Speaker 1: attacks on the Democratic and National Committee and other political organizations. 152 00:08:30,840 --> 00:08:35,160 Speaker 1: United States has retaliated, and now President Vladimir Putin of 153 00:08:35,240 --> 00:08:39,040 Speaker 1: Russia says he will not retaliate for President Obama's expulsion 154 00:08:39,440 --> 00:08:43,560 Speaker 1: of thirty five suspected operatives. This comes hours after the 155 00:08:43,640 --> 00:08:48,200 Speaker 1: Russian foreign minister publicly recommended a response. Here to tell 156 00:08:48,280 --> 00:08:50,680 Speaker 1: us what is going on is Nick Wadhams. He is 157 00:08:50,760 --> 00:08:55,400 Speaker 1: our policy foreign policy reporter for Bloomberg, and he joins 158 00:08:55,480 --> 00:08:58,280 Speaker 1: us now from Washington, d C. Home to Bloomberg one 159 00:08:58,320 --> 00:09:01,520 Speaker 1: and one oh five point seven eight d two. Nick, 160 00:09:01,679 --> 00:09:04,920 Speaker 1: give us the latest on this, he said, he said, 161 00:09:05,080 --> 00:09:09,800 Speaker 1: And now you're expelled, you're not expelled, saga. Well, it's 162 00:09:09,800 --> 00:09:13,840 Speaker 1: really interesting. So earlier today, you know that the expectation 163 00:09:14,080 --> 00:09:17,640 Speaker 1: was that Russia would respond in kind. I mean, traditionally 164 00:09:17,640 --> 00:09:21,320 Speaker 1: how these things work, as if the US expels another 165 00:09:21,360 --> 00:09:24,120 Speaker 1: country's diplomats is just sort of pro forma that they 166 00:09:24,200 --> 00:09:29,520 Speaker 1: respond by expelling the same number of American diplomats from 167 00:09:29,559 --> 00:09:32,480 Speaker 1: their country. And indeed that appeared to be what was 168 00:09:32,520 --> 00:09:36,640 Speaker 1: going to happen after the Foreign Ministry recommended that Russia 169 00:09:36,720 --> 00:09:40,320 Speaker 1: do so. Then uh, Putin overturned that and said we're 170 00:09:40,320 --> 00:09:44,120 Speaker 1: not going to Obviously, whether he actually overturned it or 171 00:09:44,120 --> 00:09:48,040 Speaker 1: the whole thing was sort of an orchestrated dance is 172 00:09:48,160 --> 00:09:51,440 Speaker 1: up for debate. But uh, you know he said he 173 00:09:51,559 --> 00:09:54,840 Speaker 1: portrayed is basically taking the high ground as saying we're 174 00:09:54,840 --> 00:09:58,280 Speaker 1: not going to stoop to this sort of kitchen politics, 175 00:09:58,320 --> 00:10:01,760 Speaker 1: as he called it. But really it's it's an acknowledgement 176 00:10:01,880 --> 00:10:05,120 Speaker 1: that that Russia just wants to wait until Donald Trump 177 00:10:05,160 --> 00:10:09,000 Speaker 1: comes to office and test his claim to seek better relations. 178 00:10:09,000 --> 00:10:10,640 Speaker 1: So clearly they just see him as sort of a 179 00:10:10,640 --> 00:10:14,480 Speaker 1: more reliable negotiating partner. Now, nick I got a chance, 180 00:10:14,520 --> 00:10:16,199 Speaker 1: and I mean I guess you can. Anyone can look 181 00:10:16,240 --> 00:10:19,880 Speaker 1: at this, of course, because it is available on the 182 00:10:20,000 --> 00:10:25,880 Speaker 1: Joint Analysis Website of the US Intelligence Department of Homeland 183 00:10:25,920 --> 00:10:29,560 Speaker 1: Security as well as the Federal Viewer of Investigation, and 184 00:10:29,600 --> 00:10:33,320 Speaker 1: it goes into quite a detailed analysis of what is 185 00:10:33,360 --> 00:10:38,600 Speaker 1: called Grizzly Step. This is the Russian malicious cyber activity. 186 00:10:38,640 --> 00:10:42,320 Speaker 1: This has been going on, according to the report since right, 187 00:10:42,400 --> 00:10:45,120 Speaker 1: that's right, and you know this was I think what 188 00:10:45,120 --> 00:10:48,920 Speaker 1: we're seeing is partly an attempt by the Obama administration 189 00:10:48,960 --> 00:10:52,480 Speaker 1: to make the case both to the American public who 190 00:10:52,559 --> 00:10:56,120 Speaker 1: may have been doubtful about the claims against Russia, but 191 00:10:56,240 --> 00:10:58,840 Speaker 1: also to Donald Trump and his own teams. And what 192 00:10:58,880 --> 00:11:01,520 Speaker 1: they've sort of been saying recently is, you know, there's 193 00:11:01,559 --> 00:11:04,640 Speaker 1: not a consensus in the intelligence community. We've had lots 194 00:11:04,679 --> 00:11:09,520 Speaker 1: of um anonymous statements from various members of the intelligence community, 195 00:11:09,520 --> 00:11:12,320 Speaker 1: but no full consensus where everybody says, okay, we are 196 00:11:12,360 --> 00:11:15,400 Speaker 1: all united on what we think is going on. Uh. 197 00:11:15,679 --> 00:11:18,839 Speaker 1: And Trump had actually pointed to the FBI and had said, well, 198 00:11:18,840 --> 00:11:21,480 Speaker 1: where's the FBI in this. We've had the CIA and others, 199 00:11:21,600 --> 00:11:23,840 Speaker 1: but I'm still waiting to hear from the FBI. Well, 200 00:11:23,920 --> 00:11:26,600 Speaker 1: now we've heard from them, uh, and so we're all 201 00:11:26,640 --> 00:11:29,960 Speaker 1: sort of waiting to see how he internalizes and processes 202 00:11:30,040 --> 00:11:33,720 Speaker 1: this information and whether that changes his calculus and brings 203 00:11:33,760 --> 00:11:36,760 Speaker 1: him down a little bit more firmly on the side 204 00:11:36,760 --> 00:11:39,440 Speaker 1: of those who say Russia should be punished now. The 205 00:11:39,559 --> 00:11:45,600 Speaker 1: summary also offers details of the actual hacks, whether it 206 00:11:45,760 --> 00:11:49,240 Speaker 1: is from something called APP twenty nine or APP twenty eight, 207 00:11:49,360 --> 00:11:52,360 Speaker 1: and it talks some tail about remote access tools and 208 00:11:52,400 --> 00:11:58,400 Speaker 1: how they actually gained access to many emails and email 209 00:11:58,440 --> 00:12:01,960 Speaker 1: accounts because in twenty team they started something called a 210 00:12:02,040 --> 00:12:07,240 Speaker 1: spear phishing campaign and that created a link that made 211 00:12:07,240 --> 00:12:10,959 Speaker 1: it possible for them to steal information from the computers 212 00:12:11,040 --> 00:12:16,320 Speaker 1: of the US government as well as political organizations. Well 213 00:12:16,360 --> 00:12:18,920 Speaker 1: that's right. I mean, the thing that's partly so interesting 214 00:12:18,960 --> 00:12:21,880 Speaker 1: about all of this is, for all the discussion about 215 00:12:21,960 --> 00:12:28,640 Speaker 1: technical matters and covert cyber campaigns and classified information, I mean, 216 00:12:28,679 --> 00:12:32,400 Speaker 1: the way that, uh, some of this started was just 217 00:12:32,520 --> 00:12:36,400 Speaker 1: hackers sending a fake email to John Podesta, allegedly or 218 00:12:36,440 --> 00:12:39,440 Speaker 1: purporting to be from Google telling him to change his password. 219 00:12:39,520 --> 00:12:42,760 Speaker 1: So when he clicked on it and changed his password, uh, 220 00:12:43,080 --> 00:12:47,160 Speaker 1: hackers had information had access to his entire Gmail account, 221 00:12:47,200 --> 00:12:48,520 Speaker 1: and that's where he saw a lot of the Wiki 222 00:12:48,600 --> 00:12:52,559 Speaker 1: leaks or all all the Wiki leaks emails come from. 223 00:12:52,640 --> 00:12:57,160 Speaker 1: So it was a very actually simple operation to get 224 00:12:57,679 --> 00:13:01,280 Speaker 1: uh that that email account. But you know, again, what 225 00:13:01,320 --> 00:13:04,680 Speaker 1: we're really seeing is the Obama administration sort of making 226 00:13:04,679 --> 00:13:06,880 Speaker 1: its case and being very explicit about why it thinks 227 00:13:06,960 --> 00:13:09,920 Speaker 1: Russia is involved, and being willing to disclose the evidence 228 00:13:10,160 --> 00:13:13,280 Speaker 1: to back that up. Thank you, Nick wadhams, our foreign 229 00:13:13,320 --> 00:13:29,360 Speaker 1: policy reporter for Bloomberg. The Supreme Court of the United 230 00:13:29,440 --> 00:13:33,400 Speaker 1: States normally consists of the Chief Justice of the United 231 00:13:33,400 --> 00:13:36,800 Speaker 1: States and eight Associate Justices who are nominated by the 232 00:13:36,840 --> 00:13:41,559 Speaker 1: President and then confirmed by the Senate. Well, we only 233 00:13:41,600 --> 00:13:45,199 Speaker 1: have eight right now, and in addition to President elect 234 00:13:45,200 --> 00:13:48,720 Speaker 1: Donald Trump taking the oath of office on January, is 235 00:13:48,760 --> 00:13:52,640 Speaker 1: it possible that there will be another oath administered for 236 00:13:52,880 --> 00:13:57,520 Speaker 1: Supreme Court justice? Let's find out from Kimberly Robinson b N, 237 00:13:57,600 --> 00:14:01,720 Speaker 1: a reporter for Bloomberg. Bloom for the Supreme Court. I 238 00:14:01,720 --> 00:14:04,240 Speaker 1: beg your pardon, Kimberly, thank you very much for for 239 00:14:04,320 --> 00:14:06,679 Speaker 1: being with me today. Um, tell us a little bit 240 00:14:06,679 --> 00:14:10,760 Speaker 1: about what you expect to happen in twenty seventeen, and 241 00:14:10,840 --> 00:14:14,360 Speaker 1: maybe give us some names of individuals who you believe 242 00:14:14,360 --> 00:14:18,480 Speaker 1: are being considered for a place on the Supreme Court. Well, 243 00:14:18,640 --> 00:14:22,000 Speaker 1: the Trump campaign itself actually provided a list of twenty 244 00:14:22,040 --> 00:14:25,800 Speaker 1: one names that are being considered as possible nominees. They 245 00:14:25,800 --> 00:14:29,480 Speaker 1: provided this list before the election, but have since confirmed 246 00:14:29,600 --> 00:14:32,520 Speaker 1: that they will be picking from that list, And in fact, 247 00:14:32,520 --> 00:14:36,240 Speaker 1: on December one, Donald Trump indicated that he would release 248 00:14:36,280 --> 00:14:40,680 Speaker 1: the name very soon, possibly before his inauguration. UM. Of course, 249 00:14:40,680 --> 00:14:44,000 Speaker 1: that doesn't mean that we'll have a sitting justice before then. UM. 250 00:14:44,040 --> 00:14:47,640 Speaker 1: Any potential nominee still has to go through confirmation hearings, 251 00:14:47,720 --> 00:14:52,400 Speaker 1: and those could be quite controversial, really, depending on who 252 00:14:52,440 --> 00:14:55,480 Speaker 1: who it is that Donald Trump decides to ultimately nominate. 253 00:14:55,800 --> 00:14:59,560 Speaker 1: So are there some particular individuals I note Bill prior 254 00:14:59,680 --> 00:15:04,960 Speaker 1: form our Alabama Attorney General Thomas Hardeman, he's on the 255 00:15:05,080 --> 00:15:10,320 Speaker 1: Philadelphia Appeals Court. Steve Cullaton the also US Court of 256 00:15:10,320 --> 00:15:14,600 Speaker 1: Appeals from Iowa. Tell us some of the individuals being considered, Right, 257 00:15:14,680 --> 00:15:17,240 Speaker 1: those are three of the five individuals who have really 258 00:15:17,240 --> 00:15:21,120 Speaker 1: come out um as the front runners. Um, And as 259 00:15:21,160 --> 00:15:24,560 Speaker 1: you mentioned, a lot of these individuals are are currently 260 00:15:24,600 --> 00:15:27,360 Speaker 1: federal Appellate Court judges, so that could speed up the 261 00:15:27,400 --> 00:15:30,760 Speaker 1: confirmation process. I think the consensus is that the two 262 00:15:30,840 --> 00:15:34,520 Speaker 1: front runners really are Bill Pryor whom you mentioned, UM 263 00:15:34,600 --> 00:15:37,800 Speaker 1: and Diane Sykes. Now, Donald Trump has said that he 264 00:15:37,880 --> 00:15:41,360 Speaker 1: wants to nominate somebody who's in the mold of Justice Scalia, 265 00:15:41,440 --> 00:15:44,400 Speaker 1: who is responsible for the vacancy on the court. UM. 266 00:15:44,480 --> 00:15:48,720 Speaker 1: Somebody who's tested who wouldn't have any surprises for conservatives UM, 267 00:15:48,760 --> 00:15:52,040 Speaker 1: which has happened for other Republican nominees, And somebody who's 268 00:15:52,160 --> 00:15:57,560 Speaker 1: young enough to really impact the court and judicial uh 269 00:15:57,800 --> 00:16:01,400 Speaker 1: in UM cases for a long time. Now. Both Bill 270 00:16:01,440 --> 00:16:04,800 Speaker 1: Prior and Diane Sykes fit that bill. There the two 271 00:16:04,840 --> 00:16:08,080 Speaker 1: individuals that Donald Trump name dropped back in February when 272 00:16:08,120 --> 00:16:12,040 Speaker 1: Justice Scalia first passed away UH. And you know they're both, 273 00:16:12,080 --> 00:16:15,160 Speaker 1: as I mentioned, long term federal Pellate Court judges who 274 00:16:15,240 --> 00:16:20,240 Speaker 1: have ruled favorably on conservative issues like abortion and the 275 00:16:20,320 --> 00:16:24,360 Speaker 1: Second Amendment. UM. But Bill Prior um is a more 276 00:16:24,440 --> 00:16:28,840 Speaker 1: controversial pick. Now. He has once referred to Row versus Wade, 277 00:16:28,880 --> 00:16:32,600 Speaker 1: the Supreme Court Landmark abortion decision as the worst abomination 278 00:16:32,760 --> 00:16:36,520 Speaker 1: in constitutional legal history. UM. And so if if Donald 279 00:16:36,520 --> 00:16:40,080 Speaker 1: Trump wants to avoid a very tough confirmation fight. He 280 00:16:40,160 --> 00:16:43,080 Speaker 1: may instead go with Diane Sykes. She was a single 281 00:16:43,160 --> 00:16:46,960 Speaker 1: mom who has said that her philosophy is one of 282 00:16:47,040 --> 00:16:50,880 Speaker 1: judicial restraint, so she could be an easier confirmation battle 283 00:16:51,360 --> 00:16:54,760 Speaker 1: for a new administration. What are some of the specific 284 00:16:54,840 --> 00:17:00,480 Speaker 1: cases you believe will be important in the court. Well, 285 00:17:00,600 --> 00:17:03,960 Speaker 1: the specific cases UM that are already at the court 286 00:17:04,200 --> 00:17:09,400 Speaker 1: UM include things on transgender rights UM, and we may 287 00:17:09,400 --> 00:17:12,639 Speaker 1: be seeing issues on immigration coming back to the court, 288 00:17:12,920 --> 00:17:15,360 Speaker 1: and those are things actually some of these judges are 289 00:17:15,400 --> 00:17:18,960 Speaker 1: already dealing with. You know, Diane Sykes, she sits in 290 00:17:19,359 --> 00:17:22,719 Speaker 1: Federal Appellate Court in Chicago and is dealing with transgender 291 00:17:22,840 --> 00:17:26,760 Speaker 1: rights UM out there, and so I think that that's 292 00:17:26,800 --> 00:17:28,880 Speaker 1: an issue that will be closely looked at in their 293 00:17:28,880 --> 00:17:31,960 Speaker 1: confirmation hearings UM and something that we'll be hearing about 294 00:17:31,960 --> 00:17:34,640 Speaker 1: from the Supreme Court UM in the next year. I'm 295 00:17:34,640 --> 00:17:40,000 Speaker 1: glad you mentioned those confirmation hearings. What is the thinking 296 00:17:40,040 --> 00:17:44,520 Speaker 1: on part of the Democrat senators who will have to 297 00:17:44,920 --> 00:17:49,760 Speaker 1: approve or at least not filibuster the nominations. Well, these 298 00:17:49,800 --> 00:17:53,359 Speaker 1: five individuals are not interchangeable. They really are quite different. 299 00:17:53,400 --> 00:17:55,399 Speaker 1: And so uh, as they said in the beginning, It 300 00:17:55,440 --> 00:17:57,880 Speaker 1: really depends on who Donald Trump chooses to pick. As 301 00:17:57,880 --> 00:18:01,600 Speaker 1: I've suggested, Bill Pryor could be a really tough confirmation battle, 302 00:18:01,640 --> 00:18:04,120 Speaker 1: and Democrats may decide to dig in their heels. They 303 00:18:04,160 --> 00:18:07,440 Speaker 1: certainly did that when he was up for nomination for 304 00:18:07,520 --> 00:18:10,480 Speaker 1: the court that he sits on now. Uh. Democrats were 305 00:18:10,480 --> 00:18:13,479 Speaker 1: able to drag his confirmation battle out for two full years. 306 00:18:13,760 --> 00:18:17,600 Speaker 1: But someone like Diane Sykes might be easier for Democrats 307 00:18:17,680 --> 00:18:21,480 Speaker 1: to get behind. And you know, the math for Democrats, 308 00:18:21,880 --> 00:18:26,320 Speaker 1: especially Senate Democrats, is pretty difficult. They may not want 309 00:18:26,320 --> 00:18:29,240 Speaker 1: to have a big fight on this first nominee, especially 310 00:18:29,240 --> 00:18:33,080 Speaker 1: considering that there may be some Supreme Court vacancies coming 311 00:18:33,160 --> 00:18:37,000 Speaker 1: up again in the near future. In that context, how 312 00:18:37,040 --> 00:18:39,320 Speaker 1: long do you think it will be before we learn 313 00:18:39,400 --> 00:18:42,400 Speaker 1: the actual name of the nominee. I think it could 314 00:18:42,440 --> 00:18:45,760 Speaker 1: be any time in the next coming days. As I mentioned, 315 00:18:45,800 --> 00:18:48,239 Speaker 1: it was December one when Donald Trump said that he 316 00:18:48,280 --> 00:18:51,200 Speaker 1: would very soon drop the name. UM, so we're about 317 00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:53,159 Speaker 1: a month out from that. UM. I would expect us 318 00:18:53,200 --> 00:18:56,280 Speaker 1: to hear a name sometime very soon. We'll have to 319 00:18:56,320 --> 00:18:57,960 Speaker 1: wait and see. But I want to thank you very 320 00:18:58,000 --> 00:19:01,120 Speaker 1: much for keeping us up today. Kimberly Robinson is our 321 00:19:01,320 --> 00:19:06,359 Speaker 1: Supreme Court reporter for Bloomberg b n A. Wenna have 322 00:19:06,400 --> 00:19:09,840 Speaker 1: to watch closely. And indeed, one of the federal judges 323 00:19:10,400 --> 00:19:13,600 Speaker 1: that the Donald Trump's team has indicated might be a 324 00:19:13,640 --> 00:19:16,119 Speaker 1: possible fit for the Supreme Court. To Diane's Sykes, a 325 00:19:16,160 --> 00:19:18,159 Speaker 1: federal judge of the United States Courts of Appeals for 326 00:19:18,160 --> 00:19:20,680 Speaker 1: the Seventh Circuit. Well, maybe she'll have something to celebrate. 327 00:19:20,720 --> 00:19:24,080 Speaker 1: Her birthday was just on December the twenty three, so 328 00:19:24,119 --> 00:19:38,280 Speaker 1: we wish her the latest happy birthday. Well, we call 329 00:19:38,359 --> 00:19:41,560 Speaker 1: on Chuck Lieberman, the chief investment Officer and managing partner 330 00:19:41,600 --> 00:19:46,280 Speaker 1: at Advisors Capital Management, to help us navigate our investment 331 00:19:46,359 --> 00:19:50,200 Speaker 1: portfolios and strategies. He helps to manage one point three 332 00:19:50,240 --> 00:19:53,760 Speaker 1: billion dollars and he joins us from Ridgewood, New Jersey. 333 00:19:54,160 --> 00:19:56,959 Speaker 1: Chuck Lieberman, thank you for being with me. Give us 334 00:19:57,000 --> 00:20:00,960 Speaker 1: your outlook for twenty seventeen, and maybe you can take 335 00:20:01,000 --> 00:20:03,760 Speaker 1: a look at it in terms of industry groups that 336 00:20:03,840 --> 00:20:08,280 Speaker 1: will fare well and those that will fare poorly. Well, 337 00:20:08,320 --> 00:20:13,960 Speaker 1: we see, uh, some continuing trends from six um. Trump selection, 338 00:20:14,040 --> 00:20:16,439 Speaker 1: I think reinforces a lot of those trends that we 339 00:20:16,480 --> 00:20:19,879 Speaker 1: see in place. So we see policies that are a 340 00:20:19,920 --> 00:20:24,479 Speaker 1: bit more pro growth, whether it's cutting taxes at the 341 00:20:24,520 --> 00:20:28,440 Speaker 1: corporate level or at the individual level, increased government spending, 342 00:20:28,560 --> 00:20:31,040 Speaker 1: the regulation, all of those work in the same direction 343 00:20:31,320 --> 00:20:34,960 Speaker 1: for stronger growth. So that suggests that sectors that are 344 00:20:35,000 --> 00:20:40,720 Speaker 1: more cyclical should benefit, sectors that are less cyclical should 345 00:20:40,720 --> 00:20:43,879 Speaker 1: be hurt, both because of the better economy, but also 346 00:20:43,960 --> 00:20:48,400 Speaker 1: because of upward pressure on inflation and wage rates and 347 00:20:48,400 --> 00:20:52,320 Speaker 1: and interest rates. UM. And that gets back to the 348 00:20:52,359 --> 00:20:54,600 Speaker 1: notion that the truth of the matter is the U 349 00:20:54,680 --> 00:20:58,560 Speaker 1: S economy hasn't feared that badly. The unemployment rate has 350 00:20:58,600 --> 00:21:03,000 Speaker 1: come down pretty dramaticle we're at obviously cyclical lows and 351 00:21:03,000 --> 00:21:06,160 Speaker 1: and even at full employment by the Fed Zone definition, 352 00:21:06,840 --> 00:21:09,760 Speaker 1: although they haven't really reacted much to it yet. But 353 00:21:09,800 --> 00:21:12,480 Speaker 1: if you then get some incremental strength in the economy, 354 00:21:12,520 --> 00:21:16,360 Speaker 1: which everyone seems to think is coming UH, that has 355 00:21:16,400 --> 00:21:20,159 Speaker 1: a pretty negative implication for the bond market UH, and 356 00:21:20,200 --> 00:21:23,840 Speaker 1: therefore also a negative implication for everything in the stock 357 00:21:23,920 --> 00:21:27,679 Speaker 1: market that is very, very interest rate sensitive, notably things 358 00:21:27,760 --> 00:21:33,760 Speaker 1: like real estate investment, trust utilities UH, telephone companies UH, 359 00:21:33,800 --> 00:21:37,200 Speaker 1: and even consumer staples. Well, but I thought that cyclical 360 00:21:37,280 --> 00:21:41,840 Speaker 1: stocks the supercyclical sector includes such things as basic materials 361 00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:46,200 Speaker 1: as well as consumer cyclicals, financial services, and real estate. Well, 362 00:21:46,480 --> 00:21:51,479 Speaker 1: it varies. Uh. If you think about for example, materials, UH. 363 00:21:51,640 --> 00:21:56,280 Speaker 1: Material sector has its own issues, most importantly the deceleration 364 00:21:56,359 --> 00:22:00,280 Speaker 1: and economic growth in China and pretty much the end 365 00:22:00,320 --> 00:22:03,680 Speaker 1: of the huge construction boom in China, both of which 366 00:22:03,720 --> 00:22:09,320 Speaker 1: demanded vast quantities of raw materials. China counted for something 367 00:22:09,359 --> 00:22:14,800 Speaker 1: like plus of the total world's demand for cement some 368 00:22:14,960 --> 00:22:18,200 Speaker 1: years ago, and that's going to a road pretty rapidly. Uh. 369 00:22:18,240 --> 00:22:20,959 Speaker 1: And the same thing follows through for iron ore and 370 00:22:21,119 --> 00:22:25,720 Speaker 1: steel and all of the other industrial medals. And you're 371 00:22:25,720 --> 00:22:29,400 Speaker 1: seeing the fall out of that for companies like Caterpillar 372 00:22:29,680 --> 00:22:33,680 Speaker 1: and mining companies and and so on. So I wouldn't 373 00:22:33,720 --> 00:22:37,400 Speaker 1: look for that to uh have a stronger economy more 374 00:22:37,440 --> 00:22:42,000 Speaker 1: than offset that very very powerful secular trend working against 375 00:22:42,000 --> 00:22:47,080 Speaker 1: those sectors. UM. The others like financial services, absolutely that's 376 00:22:47,080 --> 00:22:49,439 Speaker 1: going to be one of the prime beneficiaries. That sector 377 00:22:49,480 --> 00:22:54,600 Speaker 1: has done very well already up roughly since the election. 378 00:22:55,440 --> 00:22:58,359 Speaker 1: But if you still buy into financials today, yeah, I 379 00:22:58,359 --> 00:23:00,600 Speaker 1: think the valuations are still a tray active and I 380 00:23:00,600 --> 00:23:05,000 Speaker 1: would buy into financials any specifics, whether you're talking regional banks, 381 00:23:05,800 --> 00:23:11,000 Speaker 1: money center banks, or non financial non bank financials. I 382 00:23:11,119 --> 00:23:13,960 Speaker 1: definitely like the money center banks. I think they are 383 00:23:14,000 --> 00:23:19,120 Speaker 1: still pretty inexpensive. UH and deregulation plus lower interest rate 384 00:23:19,280 --> 00:23:24,240 Speaker 1: put plus lower UM plus money I'm sorry, plus a 385 00:23:24,359 --> 00:23:28,680 Speaker 1: widening of interest rate differentials because of rising rates UH 386 00:23:28,840 --> 00:23:31,560 Speaker 1: increasing the rates that they earned versus the rates they pay, 387 00:23:32,000 --> 00:23:35,359 Speaker 1: plus the deregulation. Both of those should work very powerfully 388 00:23:35,400 --> 00:23:37,120 Speaker 1: for them. Well, let me just give you a couple 389 00:23:37,119 --> 00:23:38,919 Speaker 1: and you can just give us a nod almost you know, 390 00:23:39,000 --> 00:23:42,320 Speaker 1: whether it's Bank of America. The yield there one point 391 00:23:42,359 --> 00:23:45,879 Speaker 1: three percent, the stock is up thirty this year. I 392 00:23:46,160 --> 00:23:48,280 Speaker 1: still like it. Okay, how about City Group? Do you 393 00:23:48,320 --> 00:23:51,359 Speaker 1: think they'll benefit? Absolutely? Still like that one as well. 394 00:23:51,480 --> 00:23:55,560 Speaker 1: Any regional banks. We do like some of the regional banks. UM. 395 00:23:55,680 --> 00:23:59,000 Speaker 1: The regional banks should should benefit from the wire eyes 396 00:23:59,040 --> 00:24:02,240 Speaker 1: and interest rates and the same phenomenon of arising in 397 00:24:02,240 --> 00:24:06,760 Speaker 1: that interest margin. UH. Pack West is one that we like. 398 00:24:07,000 --> 00:24:12,520 Speaker 1: P A. C W is another one we like. UM 399 00:24:12,840 --> 00:24:17,440 Speaker 1: Regions Financial in the Southeast another one we like, Bank United, 400 00:24:18,160 --> 00:24:21,520 Speaker 1: also in the Southeast. Now you're not buying these because 401 00:24:21,520 --> 00:24:24,480 Speaker 1: of the dividend yield or are you well? In some 402 00:24:24,520 --> 00:24:26,640 Speaker 1: cases we are and in many cases we're not. We're 403 00:24:26,680 --> 00:24:29,840 Speaker 1: buying them because they're attractive investments, because I'm just looking. 404 00:24:29,880 --> 00:24:34,320 Speaker 1: For example, pack West up UH this year. The yield 405 00:24:34,359 --> 00:24:36,840 Speaker 1: is over three and a half percent. Right, that one 406 00:24:36,880 --> 00:24:40,240 Speaker 1: fits into our income with growth strategy. So there we're 407 00:24:40,280 --> 00:24:42,280 Speaker 1: buying it both for the yield as well as for 408 00:24:42,320 --> 00:24:45,760 Speaker 1: the upside potential. But the city is a holding in 409 00:24:45,920 --> 00:24:49,359 Speaker 1: our growth portfolio. The yield is still low there, but 410 00:24:49,480 --> 00:24:52,600 Speaker 1: they have the ability to raise that dividends substantially over time, 411 00:24:52,640 --> 00:24:55,440 Speaker 1: and until they get approval from the Fed, they continue 412 00:24:55,480 --> 00:24:58,160 Speaker 1: to buy back a lot of stocks. When Chuck Lieberman 413 00:24:58,480 --> 00:25:02,600 Speaker 1: sits down around the New Year's table and someone asks, 414 00:25:02,800 --> 00:25:08,560 Speaker 1: what is your most far fetched investment strategy, meaning the 415 00:25:08,600 --> 00:25:13,280 Speaker 1: one for an individual or an institution that can afford 416 00:25:13,359 --> 00:25:17,480 Speaker 1: some bumps along the way, what does Chuck Lieberman say? Uh. 417 00:25:17,520 --> 00:25:20,719 Speaker 1: One of the areas that I like are some of 418 00:25:20,800 --> 00:25:26,720 Speaker 1: the non bank financials, business development companies, and some of 419 00:25:26,960 --> 00:25:34,320 Speaker 1: the UH private investment companies companies like a black Stone Group. UH, 420 00:25:34,680 --> 00:25:38,160 Speaker 1: those are very interesting. They provide pretty good yields UH, 421 00:25:38,200 --> 00:25:40,880 Speaker 1: and they should benefit from the healthier economy. They can 422 00:25:41,200 --> 00:25:44,399 Speaker 1: sell off some of their investments in the market that 423 00:25:44,480 --> 00:25:47,439 Speaker 1: I think is going to be uh doing fine, so 424 00:25:47,520 --> 00:25:51,359 Speaker 1: they can realize some of those big investment gains. And 425 00:25:51,400 --> 00:25:53,760 Speaker 1: you're putting your money with people like Steven Schwartzman, who 426 00:25:53,760 --> 00:25:56,320 Speaker 1: happens to run the black Stone Group. Right stock down 427 00:25:56,440 --> 00:25:59,480 Speaker 1: eight percent this year with the yield currently of over 428 00:26:00,000 --> 00:26:02,640 Speaker 1: six per cent, But the people have to be mindful 429 00:26:02,720 --> 00:26:05,560 Speaker 1: that that yield can change, and it can change dramatically, 430 00:26:06,000 --> 00:26:10,080 Speaker 1: and it changes all the time. It reflects their ability 431 00:26:10,160 --> 00:26:13,400 Speaker 1: to realize gains. And they've got a core business that's 432 00:26:13,400 --> 00:26:16,399 Speaker 1: sort of recurring, and then there's another business that is 433 00:26:16,520 --> 00:26:20,920 Speaker 1: much more uh episodic, shall we say. So they need 434 00:26:20,960 --> 00:26:23,160 Speaker 1: to be able to sell off assets, but the underlying 435 00:26:23,240 --> 00:26:27,119 Speaker 1: value of that building the business remains very, very attractive, 436 00:26:27,440 --> 00:26:29,920 Speaker 1: and so when you ask for something that's a little 437 00:26:29,960 --> 00:26:33,480 Speaker 1: bit off the mainstream, that's one I want to thank 438 00:26:33,480 --> 00:26:35,800 Speaker 1: you very much for joining me. Chuck Lieberman is the 439 00:26:35,880 --> 00:26:40,879 Speaker 1: chief investment Officer and managing partner for Adviser's Capital Management, 440 00:26:41,119 --> 00:26:45,120 Speaker 1: where he helps manage over one point three billion dollars. 441 00:26:45,200 --> 00:26:54,480 Speaker 1: Joining us from Ridgewood, New Jersey, Thanks for listening to 442 00:26:54,520 --> 00:26:57,560 Speaker 1: the Bloomberg p and l podcast. You can subscribe and 443 00:26:57,600 --> 00:27:02,040 Speaker 1: listen to interviews at iTunes, sound Cloud, or whatever podcast 444 00:27:02,080 --> 00:27:05,119 Speaker 1: platform you prefer. I'm Pim Fox. I'm out there on 445 00:27:05,160 --> 00:27:08,360 Speaker 1: Twitter at pim Fox. I'm out there on Twitter at 446 00:27:08,520 --> 00:27:11,440 Speaker 1: Lisa Abramo. It's one before the podcast. You can always 447 00:27:11,560 --> 00:27:13,680 Speaker 1: catch us worldwide on Bloomberg Radio