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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind from how Stop

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Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, wasn't the stuff to blow your Mind?

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Speaker 1: My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Christian Sager. Hey,

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Speaker 1: Robert who said the following, The illegality of cannabis is outrageous,

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Speaker 1: an impediment to full utilization of a drug which helps

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Speaker 1: produce the serenity and insight, sensitivity and fellowship so desperately

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Speaker 1: needed in this increasingly mad and dangerous world. Oh well, well,

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Speaker 1: that's of course a quote from Mr X from the

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Speaker 1: early nineteen seventies. Yeah. Mr X. He's that guy who

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Speaker 1: is on The X Files. He replaced the deep throat

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Speaker 1: character in like season three, Right, is that true? There's

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Speaker 1: a Mr X on there? Oh yeah, totally totally. He

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Speaker 1: was like their inside informant. Uh, he's the guy from

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Speaker 1: twenty one Jump Street. He said that. No, no, okay,

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Speaker 1: turns out this was actually Carl Sagan. Why yeah. Mr

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Speaker 1: mr X was his um, his his marijuana advocate pseudonym

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Speaker 1: back in the day. Well, Carl Sagan must have had

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Speaker 1: a contact high. That's my worst pot joke that I'm

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Speaker 1: gonna tell during this episode. But yeah, so Carl Sagan

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Speaker 1: said that. But We didn't find out about that until

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Speaker 1: after he died. You know, I learned about Carl Sagan

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Speaker 1: saying that listening to a podcast. I was listening to

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Speaker 1: the Dead Authors podcast with Paula Tompkins and Matt Gorley

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Speaker 1: was his guest, pretending to be Carl Sagan, and they

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Speaker 1: talked about this quote at length. Yeah, and it's and

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Speaker 1: it's more than a court like, it's a full piece

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Speaker 1: and you know, in which he talks about his experiences

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Speaker 1: with marijuana, the effects marijuana had in his own life,

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Speaker 1: on creativity, on making connections things outside of his out

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Speaker 1: of the scientific discipline. But he at least alluded a

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Speaker 1: little bit to it's it's used to make scientific connections

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Speaker 1: as well. So we figured we did a two parter

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Speaker 1: on M D M A. There are a lot of

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Speaker 1: positive comments about that, and we thought, you know what,

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Speaker 1: maybe we should do this as kind of like an

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Speaker 1: ongoing series where we explore different UH drug substances, the

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Speaker 1: cultures around them, but mainly the science of how they

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Speaker 1: work and the potential medical properties that they have. Right, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: as well as you know, some cool historical and cultural

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Speaker 1: material as well, more way more so than M D

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Speaker 1: M A Cannabis is a subject where you could easily

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Speaker 1: have a stuff to blow your mind esque show that

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Speaker 1: just covers nothing but marijuana. Like each day, you could

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Speaker 1: look at a different uh each week, you could look

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Speaker 1: at a different historical tidbit, some different cultural tidbit. You

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Speaker 1: could look at some new study about its applications. You

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Speaker 1: could look at some new study about it's you know

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Speaker 1: that that tackles it from a you know, drug abuse,

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Speaker 1: drug prevention angle. There's just so much material out there,

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Speaker 1: uh that you could just go on forever. And we're

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Speaker 1: not going to go on forever. We're going to listen

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Speaker 1: two pieces here. Yeah, we we did our best to

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Speaker 1: condense this down. Robert's right. There's an absolute infinity of

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Speaker 1: hot research out there, and that's a good thing because

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Speaker 1: there's a lot of things that we have to learn

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Speaker 1: from this one plant that are our species has become

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Speaker 1: totally obsessed with. Yeah. I mean, we stand it in

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Speaker 1: a you know, an interesting place in history where um

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Speaker 1: acceptance of marijuana is growing in many circles. Uh. We

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Speaker 1: see a lot more research, scientific research going on right

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Speaker 1: now than we have in the past. And uh, yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's it's hard to exactly predict where we'll be ten

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Speaker 1: years from who knows. Yeah, but but yeah, we're gonna

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Speaker 1: give it the old stuff to blow your mind. Shake

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Speaker 1: here and if there if you want more information or

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Speaker 1: you want one more of just a general overview, there

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Speaker 1: are a couple of great articles over how stuff Works

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Speaker 1: dot Com, one on marijuana, how marijuana Works, another one

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Speaker 1: how medical marijuana Works, that will give you the basics.

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Speaker 1: You know, us, we're liable to maybe dwell on some

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Speaker 1: of the weirder, cooler things about the topic, and you

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Speaker 1: might very well want to then go back and export

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Speaker 1: some of the basics. Yeah, I want to start the

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Speaker 1: episode with a disclaimer that, like, what we're going to

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Speaker 1: do isn't the standard how marijuana works type episode. Uh,

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Speaker 1: And in fact, our colleagues over at Stuff you should

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Speaker 1: know to to how medicinal marijuana Works episode that you

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Speaker 1: should go listen to if you're looking for something like that.

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Speaker 1: This is going to be more us really drilling as

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Speaker 1: far as we could, uh into the science behind it,

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Speaker 1: how it affects the brain, uh, some kind of odder

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Speaker 1: unknown cultural connotations of it through history, how it's evolved

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Speaker 1: over the years, and in particular, one of the things

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Speaker 1: I'm psyched to talk about is like it's migratory patterns

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Speaker 1: across the planet. Yeah, that that is some really fasting

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Speaker 1: material there. And then we're gonna break and we're gonna

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Speaker 1: do another episode later this week that's going to be

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Speaker 1: solely about the health benefits and the medical properties of it. Uh.

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Speaker 1: And so you know this will be a little bit different.

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Speaker 1: This is in our voice and as such, you know,

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Speaker 1: it's a subjective experience. So Robert and I will also

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Speaker 1: probably bring our own experiences of growing up as adults

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Speaker 1: in America in a society that, uh, plenty of people

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Speaker 1: smoke marijuana and do do whatever they want with marijuana,

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Speaker 1: but it's sort of still illegal. Depends on where you

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Speaker 1: live now, Yeah, yeah, And I imagine pretty much everybody

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Speaker 1: out there is gonna have some level of familiarity with

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Speaker 1: with marijuana. Either you have tried it in the past,

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Speaker 1: you're an active user, you know somebody who fits either

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Speaker 1: these categories, or you've at least seen it on television,

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Speaker 1: you've heard about it in the lyrics to two various

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Speaker 1: songs and um and in various hip hop tracks. You

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Speaker 1: probably know something about what we're talking about here, all right,

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Speaker 1: So let's dive in then real basic cannabis as an organism,

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Speaker 1: it is closely related to some other species plant species,

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Speaker 1: But really that just of it is that it is

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Speaker 1: a plant that probably originally originated natively in India somewhere

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Speaker 1: just north of the Himalayas. We know that it can

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Speaker 1: grow somewhere between eight to twelve feet tall, almost in

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Speaker 1: some cases as tall as twenty five ft. I can't

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Speaker 1: imagine that. Uh. And then one thing that you know,

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Speaker 1: we'll just get out of the way, but this is

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Speaker 1: not going to be something we're gonna talk a ton about.

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Speaker 1: Of course, it has uses as a textile fiber, right,

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Speaker 1: and hemp has particular woody fibers in it that have

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Speaker 1: industrial applications that that could be again like that could

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Speaker 1: be its own podcasts, all the ways that you can

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Speaker 1: use hemp, right, Uh. And I mean it is important

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Speaker 1: to hit because because essentially you have two very common

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Speaker 1: subspecies of cannabis. You have a Cannabis Sativa L and

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Speaker 1: L stands for Carl Linnaeus, Carl Linnaeus who named it

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Speaker 1: in three and this is the non psychoactive hemp variety.

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Speaker 1: This is the version of of cannabis that is used

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Speaker 1: to create these various textiles and has been used for ages.

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Speaker 1: Will discuss in a little bit um and and and

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Speaker 1: to put that in perspective, hemp contains less than one

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Speaker 1: percent th HC. Meanwhile, you have Cannabis sativa, the psychoactive

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Speaker 1: cannabis plant, and that when that one you'll see t

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Speaker 1: ch th HC levels that range from four to and

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Speaker 1: the upper end of that the twenty percent area. You're

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Speaker 1: going to see that in some of the specially strains

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Speaker 1: that humans have cultivated. So then there's also Cannabis indica

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Speaker 1: and there's another one called Cannabis rudder alis uh. And

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Speaker 1: these are different species. There's variants, there's subspecies. But one

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Speaker 1: thing that's worth saying right up front about these is

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Speaker 1: that these categorizations sometimes get used over simplistically, and this

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Speaker 1: is gonna be something that we keep coming back to

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Speaker 1: over and over again, especially with medicinal use. Uh. The idea,

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Speaker 1: for instance, that indica makes you sleepy but sativa makes

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Speaker 1: you hyper uh. But then there you can find strains

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Speaker 1: of both that have totally opposite effects. Right. So there's

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Speaker 1: like there's a lot more going on here. And the

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Speaker 1: reason why is this plant is like incredibly dynamic and complicated.

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Speaker 1: It has more than five hundred chemicals in it, including THHC.

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Speaker 1: A hundred and nine of those chemicals are what we

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Speaker 1: call cannabinoids, and those are the important ones when we're

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Speaker 1: talking about the effects on the brain. But this seems

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Speaker 1: really diverse. It's got a lot going on inside of it. Uh,

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Speaker 1: And depending on how it spread, depending on the different strains, whatever,

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Speaker 1: it's gonna have different effects, right yeah, I mean the

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Speaker 1: effects of th HD of consumption is gonna depend down

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Speaker 1: the strain, how much you took, how you took it, Uh,

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Speaker 1: your your individual makeup, your past usage, a number of

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Speaker 1: different factors. Um. It's also worth a stressing here that

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Speaker 1: the female cannabis plant is the one that produces the

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Speaker 1: sticky resin that contains the cannabinoids, most notably delta nine

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Speaker 1: tetra hydro a banal, which is th h so th HC.

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Speaker 1: Let's let's start with just like a simple brain explanation. Okay,

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Speaker 1: here's this is the This isn't your brain on drugs.

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Speaker 1: This is just your brain. Okay. Our gray matter contains neurons,

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Speaker 1: and neurons are cells that talk to other cells with

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Speaker 1: electro chemicals. Right, the electro chemicals are called neurotransmitters, and

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Speaker 1: one type of neurotransmitter in our brains that exists without

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Speaker 1: smoking marijuana are called endocannabinoids. Yea, endocannabinoids aren't in your

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Speaker 1: brain right now, regardless of your past usage or nine

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Speaker 1: usage of marijuana. And there's one plant that also produces them,

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Speaker 1: and that's cannabis. So keep that in mind throughout all

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Speaker 1: of this, right, Is that, like, the things that are

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Speaker 1: going on the effects of cannabis on the human body

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Speaker 1: are basically the king things that we are already going on,

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Speaker 1: right increasing or decreasing them. Yeah, I mean you can

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Speaker 1: you can sort of say that for from for pretty

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Speaker 1: much any Yeah, that's substance. It's not like a magic

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Speaker 1: hand supernatural force reaching into your brain. Is this substance

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Speaker 1: that is causing your brain to do things that it

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Speaker 1: already does, though perhaps in different intensities and in different ways. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I just kind of want to dispel the notion of

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Speaker 1: the and you and I grew up with this the

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Speaker 1: this is your brain on drugs type commercials where it's

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Speaker 1: like the drugs are doing the things to you, and yeah,

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Speaker 1: like and they are, I mean, it's a cause and

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Speaker 1: effect relationship. But like the chemistry sets already there on

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Speaker 1: your skull, right, an egg does not fry itself exactly,

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Speaker 1: all right, So an individual takes th HC it can.

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Speaker 1: We already mentioned that the exact results are gonna depend

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Speaker 1: on strain, dosage, delivery method, individual frequency of use, but

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Speaker 1: the it's gonna ultimately produce a variety of effects of

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Speaker 1: both sensory and psychological and looting. Uh. One of the

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Speaker 1: sources listed it is mild reverie, which show we were

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Speaker 1: just talking about about that off air. Well, what's what's

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Speaker 1: the more relatable term for that fun? Yeah, And that's

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Speaker 1: what I would think of it as that's that's another

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Speaker 1: thing that like I guess we should point out as

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Speaker 1: like along the way and the research of this is

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Speaker 1: of course academics who are studying marijuana or cannabis and

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Speaker 1: its effects, like they're in this sort of weird, precarious

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Speaker 1: situation right where they want to be as scientifically accurate

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Speaker 1: as possible to maintain their standing of this being a

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Speaker 1: serious study. Uh, because and I read this in multiple pieces,

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Speaker 1: they're like, well, there's a stigma on people who study

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Speaker 1: this as like, you know, we're just a bunch of

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Speaker 1: hippies who just want to smoke weed or something like

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Speaker 1: that while while also holding professorship, and they're paranoid about it.

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Speaker 1: Almost yeah, uh so there is almost uh an impenetrable

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Speaker 1: language use in some of these, including uh equent reverie. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and they rarely use the word dank, but yeah. Some

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Speaker 1: of the other effects include a euphoria, heightened sensory awareness, creativity, empathy,

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Speaker 1: impaired short term memory, altered senses of time and space,

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Speaker 1: enhanced appetite and sexual desire um not necessarily at the

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Speaker 1: same time, occasional drowsiness, and a tendency to enhance introspection. Okay, okay,

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Speaker 1: and this this, These are all the kind of like

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Speaker 1: basic assumptions that we have as just like general people

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Speaker 1: who exist, at least in America, of like what happens

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Speaker 1: when you smoke weed? Yeah, I mean, if you just

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Speaker 1: watch television, you see varying level. So like the guy

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Speaker 1: in this show he smokes a little breaking back and

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Speaker 1: suddenly he is a little more creative, creative, or oh,

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Speaker 1: this character in this show Aida Pott Brownie and then

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Speaker 1: just set there thinking about death for an hour. You

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Speaker 1: know that. Yeah, totally a lot of people are gonna

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Speaker 1: be familiar with these these basic uh sensory and psychological effects.

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Speaker 1: So back to the brain. Those cannabinoids work their way

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Speaker 1: up through our blood and into our brains, and they

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Speaker 1: mimic or block the neurotransmitters, interfering with our normal functions. Right. So,

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Speaker 1: because there's high concentrations of cannabis cannabinoid receptors in our hippocampus,

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Speaker 1: our cerebellum, and our basil ganglia, the THHC binds with

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Speaker 1: the receptors there and interferes with our recollection of recent events.

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Speaker 1: So this is the whole memory thing. We're gonna talk

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Speaker 1: a lot about this um. In fact, I had previously

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Speaker 1: written an episode for our video series brain Stuff on

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Speaker 1: how much marijuana actually affects your memories, so I was

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Speaker 1: able to incorporate a lot of that research here. And

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Speaker 1: of course, as we also know, it affects your coordination

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Speaker 1: and your muscle movement. So okay, like we said, our

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Speaker 1: brains have already got these endocannabinoids in them, right, and

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Speaker 1: cannabis cannabis basically hijacks this process. Now, the system of

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Speaker 1: the endocannabinoid system influences pain, our memory, our mood and

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Speaker 1: our appetite, all those things that Robert just listed as

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Speaker 1: being affected by using cannabis, which is a nice uh,

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Speaker 1: which nicely foreshadows the air eventual discussion on medical applications

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Speaker 1: because you can already see this is a substance that

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Speaker 1: is it is already involved in a number of of

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Speaker 1: the things that are affected by various illnesses and diseases. Yeah. Absolutely, Uh.

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Speaker 1: And one of the things that we're really getting into

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Speaker 1: now and we're going to talk about more, but like

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Speaker 1: research is relatively recently in the last five years, is

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Speaker 1: that the endocannabinoid process also has a big role in

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Speaker 1: how our brains grow. Now, recall from when we talked

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Speaker 1: about m D m A and the m D m

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Speaker 1: A episodes, Our brains are actually growing until we're twenty

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Speaker 1: five years old. Like it's easy to say, like, oh,

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Speaker 1: I'm I'm growing up, I'm eighteen, I'm done, but that's

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Speaker 1: not true, Like your brain is still evolving, and uh,

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Speaker 1: using marijuana definitely seems to have an effect on how

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Speaker 1: your brain grows if you use it in adolescence. But

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Speaker 1: I think like what they're referring to is like anything

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Speaker 1: before years old, and that that's on a regular use,

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Speaker 1: but we'll get into that later. And the thing about

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Speaker 1: the endocannabinoid system, we've only known about this thing since

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Speaker 1: the late nineties, so, uh, we know, okay, we know

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Speaker 1: it's complex neurosystem. We know it affects these couple of

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Speaker 1: things that I just mentioned, but we're only beginning to

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Speaker 1: understand it. So it's weird when you go down the

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Speaker 1: rabbit hole on marijuana research because there's tons of it.

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Speaker 1: Like we mentioned, it's everywhere, but a lot of it

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Speaker 1: is the same. Like, here's this endocannabinoid thing. We sort

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Speaker 1: of get it, but not really. More research is needed. Uh.

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Speaker 1: And then here's my fun fact for the episode. The

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Speaker 1: reason you can't overdose on marijuana is because our cannabinoid

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Speaker 1: receptors aren't densely packed inside the medulla. The medulla control

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Speaker 1: our cardiovascular system, right, So if you use heroin and

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Speaker 1: you overdose on heroin, that'll shut down your respiratory control center.

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Speaker 1: But pot can't do anything like that. Do not mistake

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Speaker 1: us when we say you cannot overdose on marijuana. We

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Speaker 1: are not saying that you cannot take too much. You cannot.

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Speaker 1: You can take more marijuana than than is than you

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Speaker 1: should or is comfortable for the user experience. Um, But

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Speaker 1: you can say that about anything, right. You can say

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Speaker 1: that about chocolate. Yeah, I mean one, you can say

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Speaker 1: that about plenty of things just in your on your

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Speaker 1: spice rack that take too much of it, you can

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Speaker 1: they can have dire consequences. Bottom line being you cannot overdose,

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Speaker 1: but you can't take too much. Okay, So we're gonna

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Speaker 1: talk about the positive effects. But I'd like to think

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Speaker 1: that most of the people out there, again, like whether

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Speaker 1: you've had personal experience with it or you've just watch

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Speaker 1: a TV show, you pretty much get what those positive

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Speaker 1: effects are, right at least the positive recreational effects that

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Speaker 1: we're talking Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, the the reduce of

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Speaker 1: pain and inflammation. Uh. And then the medicinal applications we're

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Speaker 1: going to talk about in the next episode and primarily

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Speaker 1: just you know, spoilers for that episode. It's primarily used

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Speaker 1: to treat epilepsy and multiple sclerosis, and of course we

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Speaker 1: also discussed some of its uses, um for people who

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Speaker 1: are undergoing chemotherapy from cancer. Yeah, there's all kinds and

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Speaker 1: and PTSD as well. There's just like with m d

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Speaker 1: m A, uh, that same maps research Institute is looking

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Speaker 1: at how marijuana can help with PTSD. So this leads

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Speaker 1: us though, let's talk about the adverse effects. Okay, and

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Speaker 1: this isn't I'm not gonna do like the Nancy Reagan

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Speaker 1: like sit here and tell you all the bad things, right.

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Speaker 1: I think the way that we need to approach this,

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Speaker 1: just like we we talked about with m d m A,

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Speaker 1: is like, let's be mature about it. This is plant.

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Speaker 1: This plant does these things to the human body. We're

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Speaker 1: listing them. We can apply positive or negative connotations to them,

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Speaker 1: but just it's important for us to walk through what

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Speaker 1: they are, right, all right, So memory is the big one. Uh.

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Speaker 1: And then the answer like, does does marijuana affect your memory? Oh? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it absolutely does. And the reason why is because the

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Speaker 1: th HC latches onto the cannabinoid receptor type CB one

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Speaker 1: in your brain. Uh. And this affects your short term memory.

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Speaker 1: In fact, we've done forty years worth of studies that

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Speaker 1: show that th HC disrupt that disrupts our short term memory.

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Speaker 1: It also makes it difficult to remember what happened when

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Speaker 1: you were actually high. Uh. And yes, when you take

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Speaker 1: larger doses like Robert was talking about, you can take

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Speaker 1: too much, it has an even even more of an

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Speaker 1: effect on your memory. However, you can also develop a tolerance, uh,

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Speaker 1: and so like if you are a chronic user, yeah,

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Speaker 1: you can build up a tolerance and subsequently you'll have

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Speaker 1: less of the memory problems. But this also plays into

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Speaker 1: the medicinal stuff we're gonna talk about later in that

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Speaker 1: like the medicinal applications don't always work again because you

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Speaker 1: can build up a tolerance to it, right, And it's

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Speaker 1: and on the short term memory stuff. I do want

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Speaker 1: to mention here that like there's a difference between say, oh,

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Speaker 1: this user um consumes some marijuana and they can't quite

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Speaker 1: remember all the details of that that episode of of

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Speaker 1: Breaking Bad they watched, as opposed to an idea of

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Speaker 1: like somebody just having a complete blackout experience. Like there

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Speaker 1: are varying levels of memory disruption and it's not just

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Speaker 1: the black and white I remember and oh I have

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Speaker 1: a black hole in my life, right you know, Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: totally totally, which reminds me of like, you know, I

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Speaker 1: mean I have friends who over the years used too

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Speaker 1: much alcohol and that was kind of their experience with that,

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Speaker 1: which was just like the the whole in in time

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Speaker 1: and space. They don't remember it happened, or at least

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Speaker 1: they say they don't remember what happened. I have far

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Speaker 1: less friends who use marijuana that have said the same thing. So,

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Speaker 1: but let's let's clarify to existing memories are not affected

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Speaker 1: by marijuana use. Uh. And this does not lead to

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Speaker 1: memory loss, you know, or dementia. UH. That needs to

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Speaker 1: be clarified because there's I think, you know a lot

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Speaker 1: of the scare campaigns about cannabis leads to sort of

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Speaker 1: these misunderstandings. Researchers do, though, hope they can use THHC

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Speaker 1: to help people with forgetting bad memories associated with PTSD,

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Speaker 1: and the reason why is because the endo cannabinoid system

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Speaker 1: regulates memory formation, but it also is involved with how

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Speaker 1: we quote make negative memories extinct. That's a weird phrasing,

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Speaker 1: but apparently there's has something to do with us basically,

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Speaker 1: like I guess like the metaphor would be like put

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Speaker 1: a negative memory in a box and shoving it in

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Speaker 1: a closet way in the back of your brain, right

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Speaker 1: and just like I'm done with this. But you know,

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Speaker 1: this touches again on the complexity of PHC because it's

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Speaker 1: a substance that almost paradoxola involves sometimes the like the

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Speaker 1: the the overexamination of a negative element in one's memories

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Speaker 1: or in this case, we're discussing now the potential eradication

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Speaker 1: of of negative connotations for a memory. Right, And we

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Speaker 1: didn't do a lot of like real deep dive research

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Speaker 1: into the PTSD application here, but I'm gonna guess based

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Speaker 1: on all the stuff that we did on m D,

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Speaker 1: m A and PTSD that probably has a similar use

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Speaker 1: and that it's done in conjunction with therapy, and that

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Speaker 1: you know, you use it a little bit with a

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Speaker 1: trustworthy therapist and then you talk your way through the

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Speaker 1: memories and the problems, rather than it's it's not like

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Speaker 1: this magical thing where like you take a certain amount

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Speaker 1: of marijuana and book your memory just goes and close it. Right, Like,

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Speaker 1: we need to stop thinking about it as being like

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Speaker 1: this just magic wand thing. Okay. The chronic use effects

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Speaker 1: are important to consider as well, because as we age,

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Speaker 1: chronic use of marijuana can hasten the loss of neurons

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Speaker 1: in our hippocampus. So teens, and this is where it

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Speaker 1: comes into the like growing up and how it affects

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Speaker 1: your brain. Thing. Teens who smoke it for three or

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Speaker 1: more years may have abnormally shaped hippocamp i, and they

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Speaker 1: get more abnormal the longer they use it chronically. Now,

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Speaker 1: these deformations are connected to poor performance on memory tests

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Speaker 1: and they don't go away either. Uh. They've been observed

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Speaker 1: in individuals who are in their early twenties who stopped

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Speaker 1: using marijuana up to two years before. So it's like,

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Speaker 1: there's this window in your life and let's be honest,

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Speaker 1: for a lot of us, that's the window when we're

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Speaker 1: most likely to use marijuana. Uh and and it if

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Speaker 1: it's used on enough of a regular basis, it can

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Speaker 1: affect the shape of your brain. Yeah. I mean this

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Speaker 1: is the period of time in our development where we're

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Speaker 1: hardwired really to to break out and uh and and

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Speaker 1: attached to different peer groups. It's like a survival instinct

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Speaker 1: to to take more risk as a survival instinct. Uh.

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Speaker 1: So it's it's unfortunate this is also the time where

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Speaker 1: we should we should probably not be experimenting with a

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Speaker 1: whole bunch of different substances. Yeah. I know, like reading

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Speaker 1: this like I almost thought like wow, like in a

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Speaker 1: in a mature society it would be. And I wonder

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Speaker 1: if there's like some kind of uh like smaller micro

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Speaker 1: culture somewhere where it's like this where it's like, yeah,

401
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Speaker 1: like we accept that this is a thing that exists

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Speaker 1: and it has these properties, but you know, for the

403
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Speaker 1: most part, like we want to keep that away, uh,

404
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Speaker 1: from our from our youth until they're of a particular age,

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Speaker 1: and then we'll have like a ceremony or whatever, like

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Speaker 1: like a celebration spring yeah, like the yell yeah, the

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Speaker 1: rum spring of marijuana where you're ready and it won't

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Speaker 1: affect how your brain shaped and and and and affect

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Speaker 1: your cognition. Basically, basically your programming here is to is

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Speaker 1: to rebel, run away from your tribe and go find

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Speaker 1: another tribe that you can breed with and uh find

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Speaker 1: safety among But yeah, way to you get to other

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Speaker 1: tribe until you tryal these substances should be the uh

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Speaker 1: the caveat there. Yeah, I don't know, that would be interesting.

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Speaker 1: I wonder if any of the listeners out there aware

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Speaker 1: of like if there's some there must be I would

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Speaker 1: assume that there's got to be some kind of mature

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Speaker 1: society where that is how it's handled. Although I guess

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Speaker 1: like based on sort of like nation state regulations, we

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Speaker 1: wouldn't necessarily be able to do that anymore. Well, I

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Speaker 1: think you do see traditional uses of marijuana and other

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Speaker 1: substances where control of the substances held by shamans and

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Speaker 1: relise individuals, and therefore you would have to reach a

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Speaker 1: certain age a certain place in your life before they

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Speaker 1: would be administered to you. That's so that would be

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Speaker 1: I think the most likely form of that. Okay, yeah,

427
00:25:02,480 --> 00:25:06,320
Speaker 1: that's interesting to consider going forward with this. Um. So. Yeah,

428
00:25:06,400 --> 00:25:09,400
Speaker 1: So we know this endocannabinoid system, even though it's super

429
00:25:09,440 --> 00:25:11,800
Speaker 1: complex and we're only just now learning about it, it's

430
00:25:11,840 --> 00:25:15,200
Speaker 1: important to how our synapses form. It's important to our

431
00:25:15,200 --> 00:25:19,000
Speaker 1: early brain development during adolescent uh. And so yes, it's

432
00:25:19,040 --> 00:25:23,960
Speaker 1: possible that marijuana is affecting the development of our brains. Uh.

433
00:25:24,000 --> 00:25:27,159
Speaker 1: And we know of course that they also adversely affect

434
00:25:27,160 --> 00:25:31,480
Speaker 1: our motor coordination, our attention, our judgment. It also can

435
00:25:31,640 --> 00:25:35,720
Speaker 1: raise our heart rate, cause anxiety, and it has irritants

436
00:25:35,760 --> 00:25:39,960
Speaker 1: inside the smoke that possibly cause cancer. And this is

437
00:25:40,000 --> 00:25:42,719
Speaker 1: a good moment for us to all Right, so memories

438
00:25:42,800 --> 00:25:44,959
Speaker 1: the big one, right, that's the big like quote unquote

439
00:25:45,000 --> 00:25:48,080
Speaker 1: adverse effect. But let's go through a list of other

440
00:25:48,160 --> 00:25:51,959
Speaker 1: adverse effects that have been tracked through science. It's been

441
00:25:52,000 --> 00:25:54,680
Speaker 1: linked to having at lower sperm count you have used

442
00:25:54,680 --> 00:25:57,479
Speaker 1: at least once a week. Uh. It's also it's not

443
00:25:57,560 --> 00:26:02,560
Speaker 1: highly addictive. However, ten scent of users become dependent. I've

444
00:26:02,600 --> 00:26:07,200
Speaker 1: also I've seen that number represented as high as thirty.

445
00:26:07,400 --> 00:26:10,040
Speaker 1: It kind of depends on who's tweaking the numbers, because

446
00:26:10,080 --> 00:26:13,800
Speaker 1: I think it depends on like your definition of dependence. Yeah,

447
00:26:13,840 --> 00:26:17,200
Speaker 1: I think the thirty percent I saw was something like, quote, um,

448
00:26:17,400 --> 00:26:21,760
Speaker 1: some degree of dependence. Yeah. Um. But the so that's

449
00:26:21,800 --> 00:26:24,920
Speaker 1: the thing is the addiction like definition is complicated. It's

450
00:26:24,960 --> 00:26:29,320
Speaker 1: possible that you might be influencing a neurochemical dopamine addiction

451
00:26:29,359 --> 00:26:31,000
Speaker 1: that's linked in our brain. There's a couple of other

452
00:26:31,000 --> 00:26:34,919
Speaker 1: science things going on here. Uh. It may also change

453
00:26:35,000 --> 00:26:38,560
Speaker 1: the quote feel good part of the brain, including our

454
00:26:38,600 --> 00:26:41,280
Speaker 1: neurons that produce dopamine. And if you're you know, it's

455
00:26:41,320 --> 00:26:43,720
Speaker 1: constantly producing dopamine, that's going to make people to want

456
00:26:43,720 --> 00:26:47,600
Speaker 1: to keep using it obviously. Uh. And somehow we know this.

457
00:26:47,760 --> 00:26:51,000
Speaker 1: It's reducing the number of those CB one receptors that

458
00:26:51,040 --> 00:26:53,000
Speaker 1: we have in our brains, and that too could be

459
00:26:53,080 --> 00:26:55,520
Speaker 1: leading to addiction of some type. It's also been linked

460
00:26:55,520 --> 00:26:59,520
Speaker 1: to cardiovascular problems, long damage for heavy smokers, high risk

461
00:26:59,560 --> 00:27:02,720
Speaker 1: of but up in chronic gobronchitis. But its effects on

462
00:27:02,760 --> 00:27:06,000
Speaker 1: respiratory function and respiratory cancer on clear mostly because of

463
00:27:06,080 --> 00:27:08,919
Speaker 1: mixed use with tobacco. So on a lot of this,

464
00:27:09,040 --> 00:27:12,600
Speaker 1: we're just talking about the fact that the primary method

465
00:27:12,720 --> 00:27:17,199
Speaker 1: of consuming it is the smoke, So of course you're

466
00:27:17,200 --> 00:27:19,840
Speaker 1: going to end end up with smoke and relation issues. Yeah,

467
00:27:20,160 --> 00:27:23,160
Speaker 1: And now going back to my story of my stupid youth,

468
00:27:23,520 --> 00:27:27,720
Speaker 1: cannabis intoxication can double a driver's risk of a crash,

469
00:27:27,880 --> 00:27:31,040
Speaker 1: as reported in a study, and I'm here from a

470
00:27:31,040 --> 00:27:34,720
Speaker 1: subjective experience to tell you that makes a lot of sense. Also,

471
00:27:35,200 --> 00:27:40,240
Speaker 1: maternal cannabis used during pregnancy can modestly reduce birth weight. Okay,

472
00:27:40,280 --> 00:27:44,280
Speaker 1: And there is a connection between youthful exposure to to

473
00:27:44,400 --> 00:27:51,480
Speaker 1: cannabis and early onset psychosis, including schizophrenia. Now I want

474
00:27:51,520 --> 00:27:55,080
Speaker 1: to add here though, that these people are usually already

475
00:27:55,280 --> 00:28:00,199
Speaker 1: genetically predisposed towards these mental illnesses. So it's not like

476
00:28:00,440 --> 00:28:03,359
Speaker 1: smoking weed makes you crazy, right, Like, it's not that.

477
00:28:04,240 --> 00:28:08,040
Speaker 1: And it's also associated with the use of other ellipic drugs. Yeah,

478
00:28:08,040 --> 00:28:09,800
Speaker 1: and I feel like this is a good moment, like

479
00:28:09,840 --> 00:28:13,440
Speaker 1: with that particular one to just like add a note

480
00:28:13,480 --> 00:28:17,280
Speaker 1: here that I personally think that there's a difference between

481
00:28:18,400 --> 00:28:23,840
Speaker 1: cannabis's socio cultural role and its scientific effects on the

482
00:28:23,920 --> 00:28:28,800
Speaker 1: human body. And some studies suggest that cannabis is a

483
00:28:28,840 --> 00:28:33,080
Speaker 1: contributing cause to these things like for instance, that you'll

484
00:28:33,160 --> 00:28:36,680
Speaker 1: drop out of school or something, while others are arguing that, yeah,

485
00:28:36,800 --> 00:28:39,160
Speaker 1: there's a relationship there, but there's also lots of other

486
00:28:39,200 --> 00:28:42,240
Speaker 1: shared causes, right, like makes me think of wicked problems.

487
00:28:42,840 --> 00:28:45,080
Speaker 1: There's a lot going on there. And just from my

488
00:28:45,120 --> 00:28:48,320
Speaker 1: own personal experience growing up with with with kids who

489
00:28:48,440 --> 00:28:51,760
Speaker 1: dropped out of school and we're pot smokers, Like, I

490
00:28:51,760 --> 00:28:54,200
Speaker 1: don't think it was necessarily just the pot that made

491
00:28:54,240 --> 00:28:56,440
Speaker 1: them drop out of school, right Like, they had a

492
00:28:56,440 --> 00:28:59,000
Speaker 1: lot of other things going on in their lives and

493
00:28:59,040 --> 00:29:02,320
Speaker 1: it was a convergence. Yeah, And and you know, it's

494
00:29:02,320 --> 00:29:04,320
Speaker 1: easy to get into. You could you could do a

495
00:29:04,360 --> 00:29:07,280
Speaker 1: whole episode just talking about the whole Gateway drug band.

496
00:29:08,280 --> 00:29:10,840
Speaker 1: You know, to what extent is it a gateway drug?

497
00:29:10,920 --> 00:29:13,000
Speaker 1: To what extent is anything a gateway drug? If you

498
00:29:13,080 --> 00:29:16,280
Speaker 1: keep it like legally and socially stored in the box

499
00:29:16,680 --> 00:29:18,880
Speaker 1: with these other things. It's kind of like saying, hey,

500
00:29:19,400 --> 00:29:21,640
Speaker 1: if you keep the bubble gum in the liquor cabinet,

501
00:29:22,040 --> 00:29:24,520
Speaker 1: then bubble gum is the gateway to liquor, right, because

502
00:29:24,600 --> 00:29:28,680
Speaker 1: that is the you inevitably fall in proximity to it. Yeah,

503
00:29:28,720 --> 00:29:31,520
Speaker 1: but the official lingo in one of the studies we

504
00:29:31,600 --> 00:29:36,360
Speaker 1: read says that, yes, they find a consistent association between

505
00:29:36,440 --> 00:29:42,760
Speaker 1: regular cannabis use and poor psycho social outcomes in adulthood. Now,

506
00:29:42,920 --> 00:29:45,840
Speaker 1: my personal experience, I would argue against that, but that's

507
00:29:45,960 --> 00:29:49,800
Speaker 1: very subjective. You know, I am an adult, uh thirty

508
00:29:49,800 --> 00:29:52,760
Speaker 1: eight years old, and I have lots of friends who

509
00:29:52,800 --> 00:29:57,880
Speaker 1: partake in using marijuana, and they make great decisions and

510
00:29:57,880 --> 00:30:02,240
Speaker 1: are pretty stable adults. Now, we mentioned uh, we mentioned smoke,

511
00:30:02,400 --> 00:30:06,600
Speaker 1: We mentioned different methods of consuming cannabis. I do want

512
00:30:06,640 --> 00:30:09,400
Speaker 1: to mention here that for cannabis to release THHD into

513
00:30:09,440 --> 00:30:12,240
Speaker 1: the bloodstream, it must be heated above one hundred degrees

514
00:30:12,280 --> 00:30:15,240
Speaker 1: celsius or two hundred twelve degrees fahrenheit. So it has

515
00:30:15,280 --> 00:30:17,520
Speaker 1: to be cooked, it has to be smoked. And this

516
00:30:17,560 --> 00:30:20,320
Speaker 1: is why we inevitably end up talking about the inhalation

517
00:30:20,600 --> 00:30:23,560
Speaker 1: of cannabis smoke, the brewing of cannabis teeth, the creation

518
00:30:23,600 --> 00:30:25,960
Speaker 1: of cannabis oils that can be absorbed through the skin,

519
00:30:26,640 --> 00:30:30,080
Speaker 1: culinary infusion generally you know, in the form of or

520
00:30:30,120 --> 00:30:31,960
Speaker 1: often in the form of butters and other things that

521
00:30:31,960 --> 00:30:34,840
Speaker 1: are then used in baking. Uh. Some cultures in the

522
00:30:34,840 --> 00:30:37,480
Speaker 1: past just threw it into a communal camp fire and

523
00:30:37,520 --> 00:30:41,000
Speaker 1: everyone um inhaled it that way, and the use of

524
00:30:41,120 --> 00:30:46,800
Speaker 1: pipes was actually rather uncommon until the sixteenth century. So

525
00:30:47,040 --> 00:30:48,840
Speaker 1: so yeah, the whole sort of it's easy to miss

526
00:30:48,840 --> 00:30:52,560
Speaker 1: that given how prevalent the bong and you know, one

527
00:30:52,640 --> 00:30:57,320
Speaker 1: hitter culture is today. But yeah, that is a in

528
00:30:57,360 --> 00:31:01,040
Speaker 1: the long history of human cannabis used. Uh, that's a

529
00:31:01,080 --> 00:31:04,600
Speaker 1: relatively new thing. Yeah, it's kind of worth realizing that,

530
00:31:04,640 --> 00:31:06,560
Speaker 1: like we are only just a little blip on the

531
00:31:06,640 --> 00:31:12,080
Speaker 1: radar of its uh influence on human history, especially like

532
00:31:12,120 --> 00:31:16,560
Speaker 1: when you when you look at how far back it goes. Indeed,

533
00:31:16,600 --> 00:31:18,680
Speaker 1: so hey, on that note, let's take a quick break

534
00:31:18,720 --> 00:31:21,040
Speaker 1: and when we come back, we're going to dive into

535
00:31:21,400 --> 00:31:23,600
Speaker 1: a little bit on the evolution of cannabis and the

536
00:31:23,680 --> 00:31:27,520
Speaker 1: overall successive cannabis is it just spreads across our world

537
00:31:27,640 --> 00:31:40,480
Speaker 1: through human culture. So cannabis thrives in a sunny environment

538
00:31:40,560 --> 00:31:44,479
Speaker 1: or alternative way, like a massive grow house I'm thinking of,

539
00:31:44,520 --> 00:31:47,440
Speaker 1: like a gyp. Have you seen that movie Attack the Block? Yes,

540
00:31:47,920 --> 00:31:50,760
Speaker 1: the like sky rise grow house that they have that's

541
00:31:50,800 --> 00:31:54,320
Speaker 1: in like one of those like apartment complex. Oh yeah,

542
00:31:54,600 --> 00:31:57,200
Speaker 1: you can grow pretty much anywhere. Grow Houses are are

543
00:31:57,280 --> 00:31:59,920
Speaker 1: fascinating subject under themselves. I wrote an article for our

544
00:32:00,000 --> 00:32:03,240
Speaker 1: Stuff Works about them several years back, and I'm not

545
00:32:03,280 --> 00:32:06,520
Speaker 1: even sure to what extent with our growing uh, with

546
00:32:06,520 --> 00:32:10,720
Speaker 1: with our shifting acceptance of marijuana, to what extent, grow

547
00:32:10,800 --> 00:32:15,640
Speaker 1: houses are still quite the weird urban spaceship that they were,

548
00:32:16,160 --> 00:32:18,760
Speaker 1: you know, where you basically have an environment that is,

549
00:32:19,920 --> 00:32:22,840
Speaker 1: you know, like a human can barely live inside one

550
00:32:22,880 --> 00:32:26,760
Speaker 1: of these things. Uh, it's all about growing the marijuana plants.

551
00:32:26,880 --> 00:32:28,520
Speaker 1: I don't even know to what extent those are. Those

552
00:32:28,560 --> 00:32:32,120
Speaker 1: are still as extreme a situation as they were a

553
00:32:32,120 --> 00:32:35,240
Speaker 1: few years ago. But um, but for the most part, yeah,

554
00:32:35,240 --> 00:32:38,680
Speaker 1: they need a sunny environment. Uh. We mentioned earlier. They

555
00:32:38,680 --> 00:32:45,520
Speaker 1: probably evolved in um in India, perhaps Central Asia specifically.

556
00:32:46,320 --> 00:32:49,640
Speaker 1: Some theories say Mongolia or southern Siberia, though you'll also

557
00:32:49,680 --> 00:32:52,400
Speaker 1: find people to make a case for the Honghi River,

558
00:32:52,520 --> 00:32:57,120
Speaker 1: valley of Hindu Kush Mountains, South Asia or Afghanistan. It's

559
00:32:57,120 --> 00:32:59,960
Speaker 1: one of those things that's ultimately kind of lost to history.

560
00:33:00,120 --> 00:33:03,320
Speaker 1: This is that thing where you go, all, right, hold up,

561
00:33:03,360 --> 00:33:08,320
Speaker 1: how long have people been interacting with cannabis. Well, the

562
00:33:08,360 --> 00:33:13,160
Speaker 1: first written account is in Chinese records from the twenty

563
00:33:13,320 --> 00:33:20,400
Speaker 1: eight century BC. That's way back. I mean, it's pretty far.

564
00:33:20,680 --> 00:33:22,960
Speaker 1: And then when you look at it, you know, around

565
00:33:23,040 --> 00:33:28,360
Speaker 1: twenty or sorry, around twelve thousand BC, humans started domesticating

566
00:33:28,400 --> 00:33:31,760
Speaker 1: the crop, and this is where it steadily started moving

567
00:33:31,800 --> 00:33:34,400
Speaker 1: across the world. And let's talk about that for a

568
00:33:34,480 --> 00:33:36,360
Speaker 1: little bit. We've got like a map here in front

569
00:33:36,400 --> 00:33:39,760
Speaker 1: of us that well we'll try to translate to you listener.

570
00:33:40,400 --> 00:33:43,240
Speaker 1: Uh that it's just fascinating how it kind of made

571
00:33:43,280 --> 00:33:45,840
Speaker 1: its way around the world. Right, So it's best we

572
00:33:45,840 --> 00:33:54,120
Speaker 1: can tell by two thousand BC, you had cannabis in China, Japan, Korea, Persia,

573
00:33:54,720 --> 00:34:00,000
Speaker 1: Eastern Europe, and India. And then during the first millennia

574
00:34:00,160 --> 00:34:04,640
Speaker 1: um u it spreads through northern Africa and in the

575
00:34:04,680 --> 00:34:09,800
Speaker 1: following millennium travels north into western Europe, South into Southern Africa,

576
00:34:10,080 --> 00:34:13,080
Speaker 1: into Southeast Asia, and then in the centuries to follow

577
00:34:13,640 --> 00:34:17,600
Speaker 1: it follows the wave of colonialism into the New World.

578
00:34:17,719 --> 00:34:21,160
Speaker 1: So we're talking South America in the eighteen hundreds and

579
00:34:21,200 --> 00:34:24,719
Speaker 1: then the early twentieth century it's making its way into

580
00:34:24,719 --> 00:34:27,920
Speaker 1: North America and becoming firmly rooted there. And you may

581
00:34:27,960 --> 00:34:30,040
Speaker 1: be wondering, well, well, how do we know this other

582
00:34:30,080 --> 00:34:34,000
Speaker 1: than like you know, a general historical record. Right, Well,

583
00:34:34,040 --> 00:34:35,840
Speaker 1: this is a fascinating thing that I read about in

584
00:34:35,840 --> 00:34:38,239
Speaker 1: a Newsweek article. There's a guy out there. His name

585
00:34:38,320 --> 00:34:41,719
Speaker 1: is Maudli Holmes, and he operates a lab called the

586
00:34:41,840 --> 00:34:45,920
Speaker 1: philos Bioscience Lab, and the whole point of this lab

587
00:34:46,080 --> 00:34:49,279
Speaker 1: is to try to sequence the DNA of every kind

588
00:34:49,280 --> 00:34:52,400
Speaker 1: of cannabis in the world. And the goal is basically

589
00:34:52,480 --> 00:34:54,520
Speaker 1: that they're gonna sample all of it so that they

590
00:34:54,560 --> 00:34:58,319
Speaker 1: can clarify, you know, what all these different types are

591
00:34:58,400 --> 00:35:03,960
Speaker 1: in the marijuana u unquote market. And it's called cannabis genomics.

592
00:35:04,000 --> 00:35:07,719
Speaker 1: So we're talking about subspecies, we're talking about strains, all

593
00:35:07,719 --> 00:35:13,160
Speaker 1: the weird ways that cultivation is is tweaking the marijuana.

594
00:35:13,320 --> 00:35:15,560
Speaker 1: Like I've seen it pointed out before that if you

595
00:35:15,600 --> 00:35:20,279
Speaker 1: look at pictures of just basic cannabis crop from just

596
00:35:20,400 --> 00:35:25,080
Speaker 1: fifty years ago. It's it's often just unrecognizable compared to

597
00:35:25,400 --> 00:35:30,080
Speaker 1: like your modern, um, uh centerfold cannabis. You don't know

598
00:35:30,120 --> 00:35:32,839
Speaker 1: what is the magazine high times, Like like it doesn't

599
00:35:32,880 --> 00:35:35,080
Speaker 1: even look like the same plant because we've just we've

600
00:35:35,160 --> 00:35:38,400
Speaker 1: micromanaged its development so much. Yeah. And also like it's

601
00:35:38,440 --> 00:35:41,640
Speaker 1: worth considering too that like a lot any kind of

602
00:35:41,680 --> 00:35:44,879
Speaker 1: like botanical improvements that have been going on have been

603
00:35:44,880 --> 00:35:47,640
Speaker 1: going on behind closed doors for the most part, right,

604
00:35:47,719 --> 00:35:50,320
Speaker 1: so there hasn't been a whole lot of like, uh

605
00:35:50,560 --> 00:35:53,279
Speaker 1: shared information about this. And and this is kind of

606
00:35:53,280 --> 00:35:55,560
Speaker 1: this Mowgli homes goal. He's he's sort of like the

607
00:35:55,560 --> 00:36:01,040
Speaker 1: Alexander Shulgin of of marijuana, it seems, uh and um,

608
00:36:01,120 --> 00:36:04,680
Speaker 1: the only way that they can research this cannabis because

609
00:36:04,680 --> 00:36:07,080
Speaker 1: it's illegal on the federal level here in the United States,

610
00:36:07,200 --> 00:36:09,359
Speaker 1: is to get approval from both the U s d

611
00:36:09,400 --> 00:36:13,640
Speaker 1: A and the f d A. But uh, there are

612
00:36:13,719 --> 00:36:18,320
Speaker 1: federally funded universities that are reluctant to even host anything

613
00:36:18,360 --> 00:36:19,719
Speaker 1: like this. And I remember I was talking about at

614
00:36:19,719 --> 00:36:22,080
Speaker 1: the beginning with academics who study this because of the

615
00:36:22,120 --> 00:36:24,319
Speaker 1: stigma attached to it. But Homes and his team have

616
00:36:24,320 --> 00:36:27,680
Speaker 1: a way around this. They handle only the DNA of

617
00:36:27,680 --> 00:36:31,240
Speaker 1: the marijuana and not the marijuana itself. So he's collected

618
00:36:31,320 --> 00:36:39,080
Speaker 1: specimens of DNA from all over the world Colombia, Thailand, Mexico, Afghanistan, India, Uruguay, Namibia,

619
00:36:39,200 --> 00:36:43,560
Speaker 1: and South America. And this process is extremely time consuming

620
00:36:43,920 --> 00:36:46,960
Speaker 1: because they have to design a new method for DNA

621
00:36:47,040 --> 00:36:49,960
Speaker 1: extraction for every sample collected. It's not like there's the

622
00:36:50,000 --> 00:36:52,680
Speaker 1: same formula. They have to go in and basically build

623
00:36:52,680 --> 00:36:55,279
Speaker 1: it from scratch. So the goal is that they're gonna

624
00:36:55,440 --> 00:36:58,360
Speaker 1: complete this plan, they're gonna hand over all the data

625
00:36:58,400 --> 00:37:01,400
Speaker 1: they have to a group that's called the in Cannabis Project.

626
00:37:01,440 --> 00:37:04,560
Speaker 1: This is a nonprofit that's building an archival record of

627
00:37:04,800 --> 00:37:08,600
Speaker 1: every strain for the sake of the public domain. And

628
00:37:08,640 --> 00:37:11,560
Speaker 1: the idea here is this will be better regardless of

629
00:37:11,600 --> 00:37:14,439
Speaker 1: whether it's legal or not, because, like I said, even

630
00:37:14,560 --> 00:37:18,200
Speaker 1: growers don't really know what they're growing out there. Much

631
00:37:18,200 --> 00:37:21,800
Speaker 1: of the marijuana that's consumed in the US today comes

632
00:37:21,840 --> 00:37:26,560
Speaker 1: from strains that were smuggled over here from Afghanistan and Thailand,

633
00:37:26,920 --> 00:37:30,000
Speaker 1: but we also know it was here long before that,

634
00:37:30,440 --> 00:37:33,120
Speaker 1: and we don't know why, so we want to know

635
00:37:33,160 --> 00:37:36,200
Speaker 1: where it originated and even more, what can it tell

636
00:37:36,280 --> 00:37:40,919
Speaker 1: us about human migratory patterns too. Indeed, because we see

637
00:37:40,920 --> 00:37:43,960
Speaker 1: time and time again where people go where if people

638
00:37:44,040 --> 00:37:46,719
Speaker 1: have cannabis in their culture, they bring it with them

639
00:37:46,760 --> 00:37:50,560
Speaker 1: when they travel. Yeah. Absolutely, and it quite literally takes

640
00:37:50,640 --> 00:37:52,880
Speaker 1: route wherever it goes. This is pretty much the entire

641
00:37:52,920 --> 00:37:57,600
Speaker 1: premise of Sleep's Dope Smoker album. So we already mentioned

642
00:37:57,800 --> 00:38:00,359
Speaker 1: the literary records going back to about on the Gates

643
00:38:00,400 --> 00:38:02,839
Speaker 1: century BC, and there'll be more on the specifics of

644
00:38:02,840 --> 00:38:06,000
Speaker 1: that in our next episode because of concerns the medicinal

645
00:38:06,160 --> 00:38:08,920
Speaker 1: history of cannabis, But as far as just the earliest

646
00:38:08,960 --> 00:38:12,840
Speaker 1: known archaeological traces UH, some of our earliest traces of cannabis,

647
00:38:13,000 --> 00:38:16,480
Speaker 1: they relate not to UH the drug, but rather just

648
00:38:16,480 --> 00:38:18,759
Speaker 1: to the use of hemp in fiber arts, which is

649
00:38:18,760 --> 00:38:20,440
Speaker 1: important because it shows that the plant was out there

650
00:38:20,440 --> 00:38:23,480
Speaker 1: people were using it. So we see ten thousand year

651
00:38:23,520 --> 00:38:27,600
Speaker 1: old Taiwanese pottery shards that reveal hemp rope imprints in

652
00:38:27,640 --> 00:38:31,600
Speaker 1: the pottery. Additionally, we see weaving design and himp cloth

653
00:38:31,640 --> 00:38:37,880
Speaker 1: imprints from on pottery from around UH fifteen to thirty

654
00:38:37,920 --> 00:38:42,840
Speaker 1: five hundred thirty five b C. Found in uh Vanpo villages.

655
00:38:43,320 --> 00:38:47,120
Speaker 1: These are the the earliest examples of Neolithic and possibly

656
00:38:47,360 --> 00:38:51,520
Speaker 1: UH matriarchal Uh young Shall culture. UH. And this is

657
00:38:51,560 --> 00:38:56,000
Speaker 1: from the Shanzi province in northwest China. Uh. So again

658
00:38:56,080 --> 00:38:58,040
Speaker 1: just to go back, you know, China was was one

659
00:38:58,040 --> 00:39:01,480
Speaker 1: of the earliest regions that would have add access to cannabis.

660
00:39:02,120 --> 00:39:06,319
Speaker 1: Burned cannabis seeds have been found in Kurgan burial grounds

661
00:39:06,320 --> 00:39:10,360
Speaker 1: of the Pazyak tribes in Siberia dating back to around

662
00:39:10,400 --> 00:39:13,920
Speaker 1: three thousand BC. And I can only imagine, um, my,

663
00:39:13,920 --> 00:39:17,160
Speaker 1: my Highlander history is little foggy that I'm assuming that

664
00:39:17,200 --> 00:39:23,759
Speaker 1: the Kurgan. Uh, maybe that's it. Yeah, yeah, probably very

665
00:39:23,800 --> 00:39:26,719
Speaker 1: heavy marijuana user, the Kurgan. Yeah. Yeah, we had a

666
00:39:26,760 --> 00:39:29,439
Speaker 1: lot of brown. That's how you get that, like really

667
00:39:29,520 --> 00:39:35,480
Speaker 1: nice smoky deep voice. That's smoky ground clancy brown. Uh. Additionally,

668
00:39:35,480 --> 00:39:41,040
Speaker 1: we see from eleven twenty two to nine BC Chinese

669
00:39:41,120 --> 00:39:45,280
Speaker 1: Child Dynasty burial sites that reveal himpcloth fragments. In Egypt,

670
00:39:45,320 --> 00:39:48,160
Speaker 1: we've seen cannabis pollen in the tombs of Uh in

671
00:39:48,160 --> 00:39:50,560
Speaker 1: the tomb of ram Ramesses the second and that's from

672
00:39:50,600 --> 00:39:55,240
Speaker 1: around twelve seventy nine to twelve thirteen BC, and several

673
00:39:55,280 --> 00:39:58,919
Speaker 1: mummies UH from that time period contain trace cannabinoids as well.

674
00:39:59,160 --> 00:40:02,880
Speaker 1: You know, based on our episode on preparing mummies in

675
00:40:02,960 --> 00:40:06,920
Speaker 1: Egyptian burial and knowing all of the different like spices

676
00:40:06,960 --> 00:40:10,440
Speaker 1: and things like that they stuffed inside the orifices of bodies,

677
00:40:10,520 --> 00:40:15,279
Speaker 1: I wonder if they were stuffing um cannabis in there

678
00:40:15,320 --> 00:40:19,200
Speaker 1: as well, has like a potential, uh, I don't know,

679
00:40:19,239 --> 00:40:22,200
Speaker 1: like way of preserving the corpse. So then we get

680
00:40:22,200 --> 00:40:24,560
Speaker 1: to a thousand BC, and this is when hemp cloth

681
00:40:24,920 --> 00:40:28,040
Speaker 1: from a debris pile is found in modern day Turkey

682
00:40:28,520 --> 00:40:33,560
Speaker 1: near Anjara, Jordan's and fragments of paper containing hemp fiber

683
00:40:33,840 --> 00:40:36,680
Speaker 1: have been found in Chinese graves dating back to the

684
00:40:36,760 --> 00:40:39,839
Speaker 1: first century of BC. Now we're closing in on our

685
00:40:39,880 --> 00:40:41,840
Speaker 1: own present age here, but in two d b c.

686
00:40:42,560 --> 00:40:47,000
Speaker 1: Chulie writes of hemp's use as a fiber in particular,

687
00:40:47,080 --> 00:40:51,120
Speaker 1: there's evidence of cannabis as a domesticated seed crop. So

688
00:40:51,680 --> 00:40:54,359
Speaker 1: we know that, you know, somewhere through those times it's

689
00:40:54,560 --> 00:40:59,680
Speaker 1: it's domesticated, it's become part of agriculture, and uh, it's

690
00:40:59,719 --> 00:41:02,560
Speaker 1: being is medicinally. Yeah, it does hemp too. Yeah, So

691
00:41:02,600 --> 00:41:04,719
Speaker 1: it's easily it's easy to sort of put ourselves in

692
00:41:04,760 --> 00:41:08,799
Speaker 1: the in the mindset of of early individuals who like

693
00:41:08,880 --> 00:41:11,520
Speaker 1: maybe they discovered the the use of himp first and

694
00:41:11,560 --> 00:41:14,480
Speaker 1: then began to discover this other property. Um, you know,

695
00:41:14,520 --> 00:41:17,960
Speaker 1: maybe they sort of discovered each independently, but pretty early.

696
00:41:18,040 --> 00:41:20,960
Speaker 1: On cannabis, in one form or another, it becomes an

697
00:41:21,000 --> 00:41:24,279
Speaker 1: important crop and a crop that that that knowledge of

698
00:41:24,560 --> 00:41:27,480
Speaker 1: is passed from generation degeneration. Yeah. Now, and this is

699
00:41:27,480 --> 00:41:30,520
Speaker 1: one of those like I can only imagine, uh, like

700
00:41:30,680 --> 00:41:35,160
Speaker 1: horrible pot humor of like a bunch of stoners sitting

701
00:41:35,200 --> 00:41:38,960
Speaker 1: around and being like man like who first figured this out?

702
00:41:39,000 --> 00:41:42,319
Speaker 1: Like that they just like smoke every plant they came across, well,

703
00:41:42,719 --> 00:41:44,880
Speaker 1: you know, in a way. And we'll get to that.

704
00:41:45,000 --> 00:41:48,560
Speaker 1: There's a there is concerning that. Um. Now, a lot

705
00:41:48,680 --> 00:41:50,360
Speaker 1: a lot of this we've talked about this concerning that

706
00:41:50,440 --> 00:41:53,760
Speaker 1: they help. But what about the actual smoking of the marijuana,

707
00:41:53,800 --> 00:41:57,080
Speaker 1: the actual consumption of of the cannabis and the THHC. Well,

708
00:41:57,200 --> 00:42:00,919
Speaker 1: some of our earliest known evidence here takes us back

709
00:42:00,960 --> 00:42:05,520
Speaker 1: to thirteen twenty C. And here you'd have to travel

710
00:42:05,560 --> 00:42:09,640
Speaker 1: to the Labiala Caves of Ethiopia, where we find two

711
00:42:09,680 --> 00:42:14,719
Speaker 1: ceramic pipe bowls containing traces of cannabis uh. And then

712
00:42:14,719 --> 00:42:18,680
Speaker 1: the Artharva Veda in two thousands to fourteen hundred BC

713
00:42:19,400 --> 00:42:24,560
Speaker 1: references something called bang not bong uh, a concoction of

714
00:42:24,680 --> 00:42:29,400
Speaker 1: dried cannabis leaves, seeds, and stems. And this is considered

715
00:42:29,440 --> 00:42:33,799
Speaker 1: like mild Indian cannabis, about half the strength of ganja. Yeah,

716
00:42:33,840 --> 00:42:36,759
Speaker 1: and I know we're sort of moving around in time

717
00:42:36,800 --> 00:42:39,560
Speaker 1: a little bit here, but so so sorry. For instance,

718
00:42:39,560 --> 00:42:44,279
Speaker 1: this last you might get doctor who uh, tour of

719
00:42:43,719 --> 00:42:48,640
Speaker 1: the marijuana. Yeah. You will also find cannabis use interwoven

720
00:42:48,680 --> 00:42:53,160
Speaker 1: into tantric to traditions that have influenced both Hinduism and Buddhism.

721
00:42:53,320 --> 00:42:55,680
Speaker 1: And uh, I mean really we could just go on

722
00:42:55,719 --> 00:42:58,160
Speaker 1: and on. You can't even begin to look at cannabis's

723
00:42:58,280 --> 00:43:02,759
Speaker 1: role in every culture in a UM. But you know,

724
00:43:02,760 --> 00:43:05,319
Speaker 1: we thought to be interesting to discuss a few key

725
00:43:05,360 --> 00:43:10,359
Speaker 1: examples that are they're either interesting or have some sort

726
00:43:10,360 --> 00:43:14,360
Speaker 1: of importance later on in our discussions. So one that

727
00:43:14,480 --> 00:43:17,600
Speaker 1: probably comes to a lot of people's minds is that

728
00:43:17,800 --> 00:43:22,040
Speaker 1: of the assassins. I'm not sure how how familiar people

729
00:43:22,080 --> 00:43:24,200
Speaker 1: are with this. I feel like the Assassin's Creeds Getting

730
00:43:24,200 --> 00:43:26,320
Speaker 1: Creed games get into this a little bit. So maybe

731
00:43:26,719 --> 00:43:30,520
Speaker 1: I've played half of those, but I don't remember there

732
00:43:30,520 --> 00:43:33,480
Speaker 1: being anything particularly connected to this. But I haven't played

733
00:43:33,480 --> 00:43:36,279
Speaker 1: the first one. And that's the like if if my

734
00:43:36,360 --> 00:43:40,520
Speaker 1: memory is correct about those games, that they're uh chronological

735
00:43:40,600 --> 00:43:43,200
Speaker 1: in order. Yeah, and they have time travel and they

736
00:43:43,239 --> 00:43:49,400
Speaker 1: do so. Just to clarify, hashish comes from the Arabic

737
00:43:49,440 --> 00:43:53,000
Speaker 1: for dry herb, and it consists of purified cannabis resin

738
00:43:53,120 --> 00:43:56,600
Speaker 1: and is considerably more potent. And this would have spread

739
00:43:56,600 --> 00:44:00,520
Speaker 1: through the Arab world from seven to the thirteen centuries

740
00:44:00,560 --> 00:44:03,360
Speaker 1: due to trade, travel and war, which are generally the

741
00:44:03,400 --> 00:44:07,920
Speaker 1: things that move cannabis historically. And here's the thing, though

742
00:44:08,520 --> 00:44:12,759
Speaker 1: it was around not necessarily accepted. It's often considered an

743
00:44:12,800 --> 00:44:16,919
Speaker 1: intoxicant in Islamic communities and is therefore prohibited, though some

744
00:44:17,080 --> 00:44:20,840
Speaker 1: Sufi holy men have allegedly used it in their rights

745
00:44:20,880 --> 00:44:24,320
Speaker 1: as well, so that much is more or less accepted.

746
00:44:25,680 --> 00:44:28,920
Speaker 1: As for the idea that the Assassins that there are

747
00:44:28,920 --> 00:44:33,520
Speaker 1: these dreaded um uh ashishing warriors that would have imbued

748
00:44:33,520 --> 00:44:37,160
Speaker 1: and hashish prior to their attacks on Western Crusaders during

749
00:44:37,160 --> 00:44:41,320
Speaker 1: the Holy Wars. Well, that is that that remains either

750
00:44:42,160 --> 00:44:46,520
Speaker 1: unclear or complete fabrications. There's nothing really to back up

751
00:44:46,560 --> 00:44:50,480
Speaker 1: that idea. Um, the Crusaders were the ones circulating these tales,

752
00:44:51,000 --> 00:44:54,239
Speaker 1: and it is a huge possibility that these tales were

753
00:44:54,239 --> 00:44:59,399
Speaker 1: just about downplaying um Muslim bravery, saying oh, well, sure

754
00:44:59,480 --> 00:45:02,840
Speaker 1: they beat but that was because they're they're they're crazy.

755
00:45:02,920 --> 00:45:05,920
Speaker 1: They took some drug that gave them essentially superpowers and

756
00:45:05,960 --> 00:45:08,320
Speaker 1: made them into mad man and came at us. So

757
00:45:08,680 --> 00:45:11,080
Speaker 1: all right, I'm gonna show my ignorance here because this

758
00:45:11,120 --> 00:45:13,040
Speaker 1: is one of the sections that I researched. Is this

759
00:45:13,120 --> 00:45:16,560
Speaker 1: connected to the whole legend of Hassana Saba? This is

760
00:45:16,560 --> 00:45:20,080
Speaker 1: the old old man in the mouth? Yeah very much? Okay, okay, yeah,

761
00:45:20,120 --> 00:45:24,759
Speaker 1: so so the these were a real group, Yeah, they

762
00:45:24,960 --> 00:45:28,279
Speaker 1: they existed. The idea that they smoked hashish some sort

763
00:45:28,280 --> 00:45:32,920
Speaker 1: of like a pre attack ritual, there's little or nothing

764
00:45:32,920 --> 00:45:37,080
Speaker 1: to back that up. Very different from our episode on

765
00:45:37,200 --> 00:45:39,920
Speaker 1: Wolf Spain, in which we did find that there was

766
00:45:40,000 --> 00:45:41,960
Speaker 1: some kind of a connection between was it what was

767
00:45:41,960 --> 00:45:45,360
Speaker 1: it vikings or not vikings in particular, but a particular

768
00:45:45,480 --> 00:45:49,640
Speaker 1: kind of like northern European warrior that's sort of like

769
00:45:49,800 --> 00:45:52,680
Speaker 1: smear wolf Spain on their lips, so that they had

770
00:45:52,719 --> 00:45:54,759
Speaker 1: like foam at the mouth. Yeah, it's I mean, it's

771
00:45:54,800 --> 00:45:57,239
Speaker 1: interesting because on one hand, you can imagine that being

772
00:45:57,280 --> 00:46:00,000
Speaker 1: the case. We know that there are various properties, uh,

773
00:46:00,000 --> 00:46:03,920
Speaker 1: in various substances that would be advantageous prior to rushing

774
00:46:03,960 --> 00:46:09,000
Speaker 1: into battle. But it also allows the loser to explain

775
00:46:09,000 --> 00:46:10,759
Speaker 1: away their losses like that, oh yeah, they beat us,

776
00:46:10,760 --> 00:46:15,600
Speaker 1: but they were totally doping. Yeah, exactly. It's the early

777
00:46:16,040 --> 00:46:19,240
Speaker 1: finger pointing of stereo ideas. And it's also interesting because

778
00:46:19,239 --> 00:46:22,720
Speaker 1: we see marijuana's use in the demonization of another culture

779
00:46:22,840 --> 00:46:26,000
Speaker 1: or or racial group and the idea that it turns

780
00:46:26,040 --> 00:46:29,200
Speaker 1: people into into you know, monsters of some sort. And

781
00:46:29,320 --> 00:46:31,680
Speaker 1: all this comes up again when we start looking at

782
00:46:31,760 --> 00:46:37,520
Speaker 1: the twentieth century America. Yeah, yeah, totally. Another cultural entity

783
00:46:37,560 --> 00:46:41,719
Speaker 1: that has has become pretty synonymous with marijuana uses that

784
00:46:41,880 --> 00:46:46,960
Speaker 1: of the Rastafari movement. Uh certainly, you know, you know

785
00:46:47,640 --> 00:46:51,680
Speaker 1: Jamaican music, um be a, you know, dub or reggae.

786
00:46:52,120 --> 00:46:56,960
Speaker 1: They're huge, huge influence of cannabis. Yeah, those artful and

787
00:46:57,000 --> 00:47:00,120
Speaker 1: I think like through most of like present day a

788
00:47:00,160 --> 00:47:05,319
Speaker 1: Western pop culture that is like a stereotype. Yeah. But

789
00:47:05,560 --> 00:47:08,920
Speaker 1: but certainly the Rostoi Rastafari movement is real. It's a

790
00:47:09,080 --> 00:47:13,680
Speaker 1: Jamaican Abrahamatic faith that rose in the nineteen thirties following

791
00:47:13,760 --> 00:47:17,160
Speaker 1: the coordination of highly Selassie the First as Emperor of Ethiopia,

792
00:47:17,600 --> 00:47:20,799
Speaker 1: and they thrived to this day. They recognized Selassie as

793
00:47:20,880 --> 00:47:23,719
Speaker 1: the Messiah, and they regard cannabis as a spiritual act

794
00:47:24,080 --> 00:47:26,880
Speaker 1: and a metaphor for the burning bush of the Old

795
00:47:27,320 --> 00:47:30,800
Speaker 1: Old Testament. Uh. And by the way, cannabis would have

796
00:47:30,840 --> 00:47:35,080
Speaker 1: spread to the Caribbean during the nineteenth century via Indian

797
00:47:35,239 --> 00:47:39,279
Speaker 1: laborers brought in by the British um So, but this

798
00:47:39,440 --> 00:47:44,440
Speaker 1: is an interesting modern example where we see cannabis as

799
00:47:44,480 --> 00:47:47,000
Speaker 1: as a part of a religion, as a religious right.

800
00:47:47,440 --> 00:47:49,760
Speaker 1: Here in the States, you have you also have various

801
00:47:50,480 --> 00:47:54,839
Speaker 1: movements of i think varying levels of seriousness, such as

802
00:47:54,920 --> 00:47:59,239
Speaker 1: the Christian THHC Ministry, the Cannabis Assembly, the Church of

803
00:47:59,320 --> 00:48:03,920
Speaker 1: Cognitive Arapy, of course Temple for twenty. The list goes

804
00:48:04,160 --> 00:48:07,239
Speaker 1: goes on and on. But but throughout human history you

805
00:48:07,360 --> 00:48:11,920
Speaker 1: do see cannabis playing a role to varying degrees. You know,

806
00:48:12,000 --> 00:48:15,800
Speaker 1: maybe not as extreme as rastafari. But you see it

807
00:48:15,880 --> 00:48:19,120
Speaker 1: playing varying degrees in religious right. Yeah, that certainly makes

808
00:48:19,160 --> 00:48:25,200
Speaker 1: sense given it's a biochemical properties. Uh. And this thoroughly

809
00:48:25,280 --> 00:48:27,680
Speaker 1: connects right back to two of our more recent episodes,

810
00:48:27,719 --> 00:48:32,520
Speaker 1: the Cargo Cults episode and the hyper Real Religions episode. Yeah, yeah, totally.

811
00:48:32,719 --> 00:48:35,200
Speaker 1: And again we could we could spend a whole series

812
00:48:35,239 --> 00:48:38,360
Speaker 1: of episodes just going through all the various different cultural examples.

813
00:48:38,680 --> 00:48:41,120
Speaker 1: Now when we get to the United States in our

814
00:48:41,160 --> 00:48:44,360
Speaker 1: modern times, well we pretty much have to mention reefer

815
00:48:44,480 --> 00:48:48,800
Speaker 1: madness because, uh, this was if you were not familiar

816
00:48:48,840 --> 00:48:50,960
Speaker 1: with this, this was this game on the nineteen thirties,

817
00:48:51,000 --> 00:48:54,719
Speaker 1: and it was an exploitation propaganda film about how marijuana

818
00:48:54,840 --> 00:48:59,600
Speaker 1: turns young people into just raving maniacs, like joker faced,

819
00:49:00,320 --> 00:49:05,160
Speaker 1: maniacal crazy people or just like complete you know, gut

820
00:49:05,280 --> 00:49:08,080
Speaker 1: or crawling junkies. Yeah, and it's funny. I mean, like

821
00:49:08,960 --> 00:49:12,320
Speaker 1: the thirties, twenty years before the nineteen fifties when the

822
00:49:12,360 --> 00:49:14,600
Speaker 1: same thing was going on with comic books. Right, It's

823
00:49:15,080 --> 00:49:19,040
Speaker 1: a real tradition in the last century of American life

824
00:49:19,160 --> 00:49:23,719
Speaker 1: of finding a thing and blaming it for juvenile uh,

825
00:49:24,120 --> 00:49:28,520
Speaker 1: delinquents or hyperactivity or just behaviors that we don't find

826
00:49:28,600 --> 00:49:33,080
Speaker 1: that fits to the conformity of of quote traditional America, right, right,

827
00:49:33,160 --> 00:49:35,319
Speaker 1: and and in this case too, helping to bring about

828
00:49:35,440 --> 00:49:38,719
Speaker 1: moral panic surrounding the thing, which of course ties back

829
00:49:38,719 --> 00:49:43,600
Speaker 1: into our episode on a satanic panic. But essentially, you

830
00:49:43,719 --> 00:49:46,280
Speaker 1: had u s laws against marijuana and other drugs, drugs

831
00:49:46,320 --> 00:49:49,800
Speaker 1: popping up in the nineteen twenties. Uh though marijuana laws

832
00:49:49,840 --> 00:49:53,480
Speaker 1: at the time they didn't differentiate between himp and psychoactive cannabis.

833
00:49:53,920 --> 00:49:55,640
Speaker 1: And this is apparently doing a large part to the

834
00:49:55,719 --> 00:49:58,680
Speaker 1: influence of the cotton industry because they didn't want the

835
00:50:00,080 --> 00:50:02,040
Speaker 1: the industry to come in and take away their business

836
00:50:02,200 --> 00:50:04,600
Speaker 1: because it's like significantly cheaper, isn't it. Yeah, that's my

837
00:50:04,719 --> 00:50:07,960
Speaker 1: understanding of it. And then, uh so, so you have

838
00:50:08,120 --> 00:50:11,360
Speaker 1: the Federal Bureau of narcrott and Narcotics under Harry J.

839
00:50:12,160 --> 00:50:16,520
Speaker 1: And Swinger, and he waged war on marijuana just throughout

840
00:50:16,560 --> 00:50:19,440
Speaker 1: the thirties. He rejected clinical analysis that even at the

841
00:50:19,480 --> 00:50:22,759
Speaker 1: time concluded that marijuana did not induce violent behavior or

842
00:50:23,400 --> 00:50:26,560
Speaker 1: lead to the use of more, you know, heavily addictive drugs. Instead,

843
00:50:26,680 --> 00:50:30,200
Speaker 1: he waged this campaign of yellow journalism and propaganda tied

844
00:50:30,239 --> 00:50:34,160
Speaker 1: in the evils of jazz. So you're you're getting, you know,

845
00:50:34,320 --> 00:50:38,480
Speaker 1: some racist tendencies right where we got the jazz cigarette.

846
00:50:38,920 --> 00:50:43,000
Speaker 1: The jazz cigarette also tied it into imperial Japan and

847
00:50:43,160 --> 00:50:46,359
Speaker 1: communism as well. So again this idea of that, um,

848
00:50:47,160 --> 00:50:50,239
Speaker 1: this heavy tone of this marijuana is tied to this

849
00:50:50,400 --> 00:50:54,799
Speaker 1: ethnic threat to the white female. Uh, because you see

850
00:50:54,840 --> 00:50:56,560
Speaker 1: that in some of the posters at the time. You

851
00:50:56,680 --> 00:51:01,160
Speaker 1: see like the marijuana brandishing individuals kind of a darker

852
00:51:01,800 --> 00:51:05,400
Speaker 1: demonic figure and of course he's preying on the the

853
00:51:05,960 --> 00:51:09,640
Speaker 1: the the Caucasian woman. Um. So it's it's really like

854
00:51:09,880 --> 00:51:12,040
Speaker 1: it's really ify the more and more you look at. Yeah,

855
00:51:12,080 --> 00:51:14,200
Speaker 1: I mean, like refor madness is one of those things

856
00:51:14,320 --> 00:51:16,680
Speaker 1: that like a lot of people, especially of our generation,

857
00:51:16,800 --> 00:51:18,399
Speaker 1: like kind of look at and they're like, oh, isn't

858
00:51:18,440 --> 00:51:21,400
Speaker 1: that ironic? Funny? Ha ha ha, But like it's just

859
00:51:21,960 --> 00:51:26,719
Speaker 1: another example of humanity just like pointing its fingers at

860
00:51:26,719 --> 00:51:29,120
Speaker 1: the wrong things, you know, and not really kind of

861
00:51:29,160 --> 00:51:31,360
Speaker 1: like taking a decent step back and looking at like

862
00:51:31,440 --> 00:51:34,360
Speaker 1: what the actual situation is. Right, And even though today

863
00:51:34,440 --> 00:51:37,680
Speaker 1: we can we can watch reefer madness and laugh at it,

864
00:51:38,440 --> 00:51:41,520
Speaker 1: that might even be on Netflix or something like that. Yeah, periodically.

865
00:51:41,600 --> 00:51:43,520
Speaker 1: I think it's it may be in the public domain.

866
00:51:43,600 --> 00:51:45,759
Speaker 1: I know there's a riff track on it and and

867
00:51:45,840 --> 00:51:48,719
Speaker 1: it is just goofy and and an awful But we're

868
00:51:48,760 --> 00:51:50,880
Speaker 1: still to a large extent living in its shadow, right,

869
00:51:50,920 --> 00:51:55,720
Speaker 1: I mean that that era of of cannabis, a version

870
00:51:56,040 --> 00:52:00,840
Speaker 1: of moral panics around surrounding cannabis like that never truly

871
00:52:00,880 --> 00:52:03,200
Speaker 1: completely went away. I mean, it's certainly that we had

872
00:52:03,239 --> 00:52:05,520
Speaker 1: cultural shifts we had the nineteen sixties and in the

873
00:52:05,600 --> 00:52:08,719
Speaker 1: post nineteen sixties. Um. And we've touched on this before

874
00:52:08,760 --> 00:52:10,360
Speaker 1: in a M d m A episodes just about like

875
00:52:10,400 --> 00:52:13,000
Speaker 1: the difficulty of coming back from that even with just

876
00:52:13,160 --> 00:52:17,360
Speaker 1: clinical research. Yeah, right, exactly, and that we'll talk about

877
00:52:17,360 --> 00:52:19,640
Speaker 1: that more in the next episode, the sequel to this

878
00:52:19,800 --> 00:52:24,560
Speaker 1: about medicinal applications. But it's like tremendously difficult to do

879
00:52:24,719 --> 00:52:28,480
Speaker 1: studies on this stuff because of the results of this

880
00:52:28,960 --> 00:52:33,320
Speaker 1: sort of movement that Robert's describing. So where this interesting

881
00:52:33,360 --> 00:52:35,359
Speaker 1: point in history, right, We've we've seen a great deal

882
00:52:35,440 --> 00:52:40,840
Speaker 1: of post drug war decriminalization overall and overall cultural acceptance

883
00:52:41,480 --> 00:52:44,920
Speaker 1: outside of the US, Spain, Italy, Portugal, Switzerland, the Netherlands

884
00:52:45,000 --> 00:52:49,720
Speaker 1: and Belgium of all decriminalized marijuana possession to varying degrees,

885
00:52:49,719 --> 00:52:52,800
Speaker 1: and it's also quite villa, but it's also quite vilified

886
00:52:53,239 --> 00:52:57,800
Speaker 1: and outlawed in such places as the United Ara, Memirates, Indonesia, Malaysia,

887
00:52:57,960 --> 00:53:00,600
Speaker 1: the Philippines, and Japan. I can tell you having lived

888
00:53:00,600 --> 00:53:05,040
Speaker 1: in Singapore as they could, it is not very welcome there. Uh. Yeah.

889
00:53:05,239 --> 00:53:09,839
Speaker 1: And it's interesting because I just recently took a trip

890
00:53:09,920 --> 00:53:14,799
Speaker 1: to Portland, Oregon, uh and the medical dispensaries are all

891
00:53:14,880 --> 00:53:17,480
Speaker 1: over the place there now. Uh. And it was so

892
00:53:17,840 --> 00:53:19,839
Speaker 1: it was such a like culture shock thing, like, oh,

893
00:53:19,920 --> 00:53:23,080
Speaker 1: I'm in America, but this is a very different America

894
00:53:23,640 --> 00:53:27,360
Speaker 1: than Georgia, where I can't imagine the medical dispensaries happening

895
00:53:27,360 --> 00:53:30,040
Speaker 1: anytime soon. But like, yeah, it was like dunkin Donuts,

896
00:53:30,080 --> 00:53:32,400
Speaker 1: Like on every block there was a little shop with

897
00:53:32,760 --> 00:53:35,000
Speaker 1: and they're very professional looking. They didn't look like head

898
00:53:35,040 --> 00:53:37,640
Speaker 1: shops or anything, you know. They had like nice, nice

899
00:53:37,680 --> 00:53:41,600
Speaker 1: signs with a little green uh plus symbol to to

900
00:53:41,719 --> 00:53:45,640
Speaker 1: signify what it was for. It was everywhere. Yeah, So

901
00:53:45,680 --> 00:53:48,000
Speaker 1: it's interesting to just try and figure out where we

902
00:53:48,080 --> 00:53:52,120
Speaker 1: are in the overall continuing history of marijuana, Like, is

903
00:53:52,160 --> 00:53:54,920
Speaker 1: this is this the peak? Like every is everything about

904
00:53:54,960 --> 00:53:58,120
Speaker 1: to go? Uh in an entirely different direction? Is it? Can? Can? Can?

905
00:53:58,200 --> 00:54:02,480
Speaker 1: Can you continue to change towards acceptance and research? I

906
00:54:02,560 --> 00:54:05,000
Speaker 1: think our generation Maybe it's just the people that I

907
00:54:05,160 --> 00:54:07,520
Speaker 1: spend time with, but I really feel like our generation

908
00:54:08,239 --> 00:54:13,440
Speaker 1: isn't as easily fooled by the whole reefer madness rhetoric, right,

909
00:54:13,840 --> 00:54:16,280
Speaker 1: Like we think about it a little bit more maturely

910
00:54:16,400 --> 00:54:21,360
Speaker 1: than that and and realize like the actual benefits and

911
00:54:21,719 --> 00:54:24,719
Speaker 1: adversities of cannabis on the brain at least, I like

912
00:54:24,840 --> 00:54:27,840
Speaker 1: to think, so, um yeah, So hopefully that like the

913
00:54:28,320 --> 00:54:31,160
Speaker 1: current generation and then even the most the most recent

914
00:54:31,239 --> 00:54:35,600
Speaker 1: generations to sort of reach that acceptable ami acceptable however

915
00:54:35,640 --> 00:54:38,040
Speaker 1: you want to look at it, uh, you know, drug

916
00:54:38,160 --> 00:54:42,120
Speaker 1: experimentation age, Like hopefully they are injuring into it with

917
00:54:42,200 --> 00:54:46,279
Speaker 1: a lot more balanced information and not just like fearmongering

918
00:54:46,360 --> 00:54:49,240
Speaker 1: on one side and uh and you know hippie mumbo

919
00:54:49,360 --> 00:54:53,160
Speaker 1: jumbo on the other, but the middle path that incorporates

920
00:54:53,440 --> 00:54:56,600
Speaker 1: some level headed decision. Yeah, totally. Like I said, like,

921
00:54:56,680 --> 00:54:58,400
Speaker 1: I would love to see us go back to some

922
00:54:58,560 --> 00:55:01,759
Speaker 1: kind of like shamanistic cultural thing where you know, we

923
00:55:01,960 --> 00:55:04,920
Speaker 1: celebrate that when you've reached the age that it will

924
00:55:04,960 --> 00:55:09,000
Speaker 1: no longer deform your brain. So on that note, I

925
00:55:09,080 --> 00:55:12,960
Speaker 1: think we should pause, uh, sign out for today, and

926
00:55:13,080 --> 00:55:15,799
Speaker 1: then you can rejoin us in the next episode, which

927
00:55:15,880 --> 00:55:19,280
Speaker 1: will publish on Thursday, where we will talk about medicinal

928
00:55:19,480 --> 00:55:22,000
Speaker 1: marijuana and all the different things that can be used.

929
00:55:22,160 --> 00:55:25,360
Speaker 1: It can be used for it's associated with, right, And

930
00:55:25,520 --> 00:55:28,040
Speaker 1: if there's something that we just briefly touched on in

931
00:55:28,080 --> 00:55:29,920
Speaker 1: this episode, or that we briefly touch on in the

932
00:55:30,000 --> 00:55:32,040
Speaker 1: next episode, and you think yourself, hey, I'd like to

933
00:55:32,080 --> 00:55:36,160
Speaker 1: hear more on that, let us know, because there's there

934
00:55:36,200 --> 00:55:38,719
Speaker 1: are so many areas in these two episodes that we

935
00:55:38,760 --> 00:55:41,400
Speaker 1: could really blow it out and do an additional episode

936
00:55:41,520 --> 00:55:44,560
Speaker 1: or two related to the content. Yeah. And in addition

937
00:55:44,680 --> 00:55:46,520
Speaker 1: to you know, we've been talking, like I said at

938
00:55:46,520 --> 00:55:48,640
Speaker 1: the top of the episode, about doing like a sort

939
00:55:48,680 --> 00:55:51,400
Speaker 1: of ongoing series of these where you know, not like

940
00:55:51,600 --> 00:55:53,839
Speaker 1: every week, but every you know, a couple of months,

941
00:55:53,880 --> 00:55:56,960
Speaker 1: will explore a different drug. And you know, like we've

942
00:55:57,000 --> 00:55:59,279
Speaker 1: thrown around the idea of doing one on ayahuasca. I

943
00:55:59,360 --> 00:56:03,160
Speaker 1: think Joe's interested and is it d M t um

944
00:56:03,440 --> 00:56:05,520
Speaker 1: So you know, let us know, if there's a particular

945
00:56:05,600 --> 00:56:08,200
Speaker 1: thing out there that you want us to cover, uh,

946
00:56:08,480 --> 00:56:10,680
Speaker 1: you know, let us know, uh and and we'll try to,

947
00:56:10,880 --> 00:56:14,400
Speaker 1: you know, basically take the same framework and apply it there. Indeed,

948
00:56:14,520 --> 00:56:16,080
Speaker 1: and hey, in the meantime, you want to check out

949
00:56:16,120 --> 00:56:18,520
Speaker 1: past episodes, including that two part on M d M A,

950
00:56:18,920 --> 00:56:21,200
Speaker 1: head on over to stuff to Blow your Mind dot com.

951
00:56:21,320 --> 00:56:23,560
Speaker 1: That is our mothership. That's where you'll find all the

952
00:56:23,600 --> 00:56:26,839
Speaker 1: podcast episodes. You'll find videos, you'll find blog posts, you'll

953
00:56:26,880 --> 00:56:29,600
Speaker 1: find links out to our social media accounts such as what,

954
00:56:29,840 --> 00:56:32,480
Speaker 1: Facebook and Twitter. We're blow the Mind on both of those.

955
00:56:32,560 --> 00:56:35,240
Speaker 1: We're also and Tumbler, and hey, we're also on Instagram,

956
00:56:35,360 --> 00:56:37,760
Speaker 1: right we are. Indeed, I just spent all day yesterday

957
00:56:37,880 --> 00:56:41,239
Speaker 1: posting pictures from the various Alien movies because it was

958
00:56:41,360 --> 00:56:44,000
Speaker 1: Alien Day. We had a blast on Alien Day on

959
00:56:44,120 --> 00:56:46,480
Speaker 1: social media. We're on all of those. But if you

960
00:56:46,480 --> 00:56:49,399
Speaker 1: want to write us directly, hit us up that blow

961
00:56:49,480 --> 00:57:01,839
Speaker 1: the Mind at how stuff works dot com for more

962
00:57:01,920 --> 00:57:04,520
Speaker 1: on this than thousands of other topics. The House up

963
00:57:04,560 --> 00:57:05,280
Speaker 1: Works dot comm