WEBVTT - Rerun: Getting Around in Science Fiction 0:00:04.640 --> 0:00:08.039 Welcome to tex Stuff, a production from my Heart Radio. 0:00:12.200 --> 0:00:14.680 Are there, and welcome to tech Stuff. I'm your host, 0:00:14.760 --> 0:00:17.600 Jonathan Strictland. I'm an executive producer without Heart Radio. And 0:00:17.600 --> 0:00:20.520 how the tech are yet? Well, I'm wrapping up my 0:00:20.640 --> 0:00:23.119 vacation by the time you listen to this, which means 0:00:23.120 --> 0:00:26.160 that it is time for a rerun. This episode originally 0:00:26.200 --> 0:00:31.160 published on December twenty one. It is called Getting Around 0:00:31.760 --> 0:00:36.760 in Science Fiction. Hope you enjoy now. In the last episode, 0:00:36.800 --> 0:00:40.040 we started off talking about some various sci fi gadgets. 0:00:40.080 --> 0:00:44.280 You were telling us about their role within different science 0:00:44.280 --> 0:00:47.040 fiction or speculative fiction. I should say, because some of 0:00:47.040 --> 0:00:49.600 this stuff really falls into fantasy more than sci fi. 0:00:50.000 --> 0:00:53.880 But their role within speculative fiction, what purpose do they serve? 0:00:53.920 --> 0:00:56.880 And then I was the the bad guy with the 0:00:57.040 --> 0:01:01.120 pen popping all the balloons of possibility, saying how how 0:01:01.440 --> 0:01:04.880 this was truly fiction as opposed to reality. You crushed 0:01:04.880 --> 0:01:08.200 my spirit shot, as is my one Ariel. You've known 0:01:08.240 --> 0:01:12.160 me for for like I think about twenty years now, 0:01:13.040 --> 0:01:15.640 and so we're coming up on twenty years. I think 0:01:16.520 --> 0:01:19.480 will be twenty years since we first met, and so 0:01:19.600 --> 0:01:23.240 I think I first met and I knew each other's names. 0:01:23.280 --> 0:01:25.160 I think you might have seen me at the Renaissance 0:01:25.200 --> 0:01:28.840 Festival before you work there. Uh. But yeah, I have 0:01:28.920 --> 0:01:31.160 been crushing your dreams for twenty years, so I guess 0:01:31.240 --> 0:01:34.000 there should be no surprise at this point. Well, I 0:01:34.040 --> 0:01:36.759 want to I just want to stay as it's important 0:01:36.959 --> 0:01:40.880 for for people to remember that. At the end of 0:01:40.880 --> 0:01:44.520 the last episode, we had decided that Doctor Who has 0:01:44.680 --> 0:01:48.360 so far been the most accurate science fiction show, yes 0:01:49.920 --> 0:01:54.559 in their technology being all timey wymy whibbly wobbly, which 0:01:54.560 --> 0:01:56.800 I know I reverse that, but hey, I've watched like 0:01:58.760 --> 0:02:03.080 maybe three full seasons of Doctor Who. Total. Um, I 0:02:03.680 --> 0:02:05.520 am no expert on it. That's why I brought you on. 0:02:05.960 --> 0:02:08.160 So we're gonna pick up from where we left off, 0:02:08.200 --> 0:02:10.160 and we're going to talk about some more science fiction 0:02:10.200 --> 0:02:14.960 technologies and what if any corollary there are in the 0:02:15.000 --> 0:02:18.880 real world. And we're gonna go back to the Star 0:02:19.000 --> 0:02:21.760 Treks I think for our first one. Yes, we're gonna 0:02:21.760 --> 0:02:26.720 get back to Star Treks, specifically with tricorders. Uh. And 0:02:26.800 --> 0:02:29.120 this excites me because I know that a lot of 0:02:29.639 --> 0:02:33.919 Star Trek technology people have tried to make true. We 0:02:34.160 --> 0:02:38.040 talked about in the previous episodes. So tricorders are kind 0:02:38.040 --> 0:02:42.359 of this specialist. I find multi tool that do scanning, analysis, 0:02:42.840 --> 0:02:45.680 data recording, all of that. It can tell you the 0:02:45.720 --> 0:02:49.400 component makeup of being or an item. It can search 0:02:49.480 --> 0:02:52.640 for life, It can trace nady on particles, It can 0:02:52.680 --> 0:02:55.919 examine living organisms. It gives you lights and screens and 0:02:55.960 --> 0:02:58.840 detachable scanners to tell you what everything is doing, so 0:02:58.880 --> 0:03:03.200 that when crew member is in an alien environment, they 0:03:03.240 --> 0:03:06.120 can explore it, they can understand it, they can search 0:03:06.160 --> 0:03:10.600 for life, so on and so forth. This is something 0:03:10.639 --> 0:03:12.359 that people have been working on for a long time 0:03:12.400 --> 0:03:15.480 in real life, right, Jonathan, Well, they're definitely lots of 0:03:15.480 --> 0:03:20.960 components that have their real world counterparts, right. So, like 0:03:21.400 --> 0:03:25.280 the exploration of an alien planet and determining whether or not, 0:03:26.040 --> 0:03:30.840 for example, it might be safe to breathe in the atmosphere, Well, 0:03:30.880 --> 0:03:33.960 we do that through something called spectral analysis, which I 0:03:33.960 --> 0:03:38.240 am sad to say doesn't have anything to do with ghosts, um, 0:03:38.280 --> 0:03:40.760 it's not that kind of specter. Now we're talking about 0:03:40.800 --> 0:03:44.960 spectral as in a spectrum, and you know, you might 0:03:45.000 --> 0:03:50.440 be aware that you can analyze light and see which 0:03:50.600 --> 0:03:55.800 bands within the visible spectrum or even beyond the visible spectrum. 0:03:55.840 --> 0:03:58.440 That light falls right, you can see, oh, there's a 0:03:58.480 --> 0:04:02.880 lot of red um as opposed to not very much blue. 0:04:03.720 --> 0:04:08.200 And by analyzing light, we can determine things like the 0:04:08.320 --> 0:04:14.320 chemical uh, composition of various materials, and so we can 0:04:14.480 --> 0:04:19.200 use powerful telescopes, and we can analyze the light coming 0:04:19.360 --> 0:04:23.839 from various bodies, including light that's reflected off of bodies. 0:04:23.839 --> 0:04:26.839 So like a planet. Obviously a planet doesn't generate light. 0:04:27.240 --> 0:04:30.799 If it's generating light, something is really wrong on that planet. Uh, 0:04:30.839 --> 0:04:33.599 it is reflecting light from a nearby star. But that 0:04:33.640 --> 0:04:36.960 will tell us in general the sort of things we 0:04:37.000 --> 0:04:41.720 could expect within the atmosphere of that planet. Now, that 0:04:41.760 --> 0:04:44.200 wouldn't let us go so far as to draw an 0:04:44.240 --> 0:04:47.719 automatic conclusion that us safe, pop your helmet off and 0:04:47.760 --> 0:04:51.320 walk around, because there there could be there could be pathogens. 0:04:51.320 --> 0:04:56.440 There could be various components within either the atmosphere or 0:04:57.360 --> 0:04:59.440 other things that are on that planet that could be 0:04:59.480 --> 0:05:03.080 toxic to us. So it's not an automatic Oh we 0:05:03.120 --> 0:05:06.200 can go there and have a summer home, but we 0:05:06.279 --> 0:05:10.360 would have at least some information about what to expect 0:05:10.600 --> 0:05:14.000 on that planet. So that part it's kind of similar. 0:05:14.040 --> 0:05:16.400 The interesting thing about Star Trek is you often see 0:05:16.440 --> 0:05:19.520 them using this after they've already landed on the planet 0:05:19.839 --> 0:05:22.599 and they're like, oh good, we're not gonna die immediately. Guys. 0:05:22.960 --> 0:05:26.040 It's like, oh that that's that's a huge relief that 0:05:26.080 --> 0:05:29.599 we're not all currently dead. Uh. The other elements of 0:05:29.640 --> 0:05:31.680 the tri quarter that I find really interesting are the 0:05:31.720 --> 0:05:35.640 ones that involve analyzing a person. Let's say that a 0:05:35.680 --> 0:05:41.240 person has exhibited signs that they are unwell, and the 0:05:41.320 --> 0:05:44.520 doctor Bones, for example, in the original series, would use 0:05:44.520 --> 0:05:47.479 the tricorder to scan them to find out what the 0:05:47.520 --> 0:05:51.240 heck is going on. Um. And obviously we've got a 0:05:51.279 --> 0:05:53.880 lot of medical tools that are meant to do this, 0:05:54.120 --> 0:05:58.080 things like blood pressure cuffs and thermometers, and we have 0:05:58.240 --> 0:06:01.080 seen that technology advance. It's over time as well, to 0:06:01.160 --> 0:06:03.680 the point that now you can wear something like a 0:06:03.720 --> 0:06:09.119 smart watch that uses infrared light to shine light down 0:06:09.120 --> 0:06:12.039 into your skin, like the skin of your wrist, to 0:06:12.240 --> 0:06:15.719 reflect off of your blood vessels, and that a sensor 0:06:15.880 --> 0:06:18.480 inside that same smart watch can pick up this reflected 0:06:18.560 --> 0:06:22.039 light and make determinations of stuff like your blood oxygen level. 0:06:22.839 --> 0:06:26.440 So again, we're not at anything to the point where 0:06:26.480 --> 0:06:30.280 you point a little you know, do hicky medical tri 0:06:30.800 --> 0:06:34.880 tricord exactly at a person and go and then figure 0:06:34.920 --> 0:06:38.840 out that they got the sniffles. But we do have 0:06:38.920 --> 0:06:41.320 a lot of technologies that kind of go toward that way. 0:06:41.400 --> 0:06:44.080 And as you mentioned, there's been a lot of companies 0:06:44.920 --> 0:06:48.799 they've kind of taken the tricorder model and said, how 0:06:48.839 --> 0:06:52.600 can we make this more of a reality. Most of 0:06:52.600 --> 0:06:59.080 those efforts, uh, haven't been spectacularly successful, but it's an 0:06:59.120 --> 0:07:04.480 ongoing process as companies attempt to create more robust technologies 0:07:04.480 --> 0:07:06.680 that are able to do some of the things that 0:07:06.720 --> 0:07:10.120 we see in science fiction. Uh, but we can't really 0:07:10.160 --> 0:07:13.960 replicate it here on Earth currently, not in the not 0:07:14.000 --> 0:07:15.960 in the way that we see it in the shows. 0:07:15.960 --> 0:07:18.280 But I would say that this is one that we're 0:07:18.280 --> 0:07:21.760 starting to see more movement kind of toward. I think 0:07:21.800 --> 0:07:26.640 we might hit some fundamental physical limitations that don't allow 0:07:26.720 --> 0:07:31.120 us to ever have a a a technology just like 0:07:31.160 --> 0:07:32.640 the one on Star Trek, but I think we're going 0:07:32.680 --> 0:07:36.560 to get closer. The question will be how accurate and 0:07:36.600 --> 0:07:39.480 reliable are they because if they're not accurate or reliable, 0:07:39.520 --> 0:07:43.800 then it's just a well, at best, it's a distraction 0:07:43.840 --> 0:07:47.120 and at worst it could cause complications because you might 0:07:47.160 --> 0:07:52.040 rely on incorrect information very true, and as close as 0:07:52.040 --> 0:07:55.480 we might get to a medical scanner, I don't know 0:07:55.520 --> 0:07:58.480 if our real life tri quarters will ever also be 0:07:58.560 --> 0:08:03.160 able to release antiseptic spray, provide a shot, heal a 0:08:03.240 --> 0:08:06.440 bone you No, I will give it to star Trek. 0:08:06.520 --> 0:08:10.520 Those were very specific trickers. They were specifically medical, right 0:08:10.680 --> 0:08:14.560 right right. You might remember the little UM, the little 0:08:14.840 --> 0:08:17.360 the little device that was handheld that people would put 0:08:17.440 --> 0:08:19.840 up to the neck like bones, would put it up 0:08:19.840 --> 0:08:23.040 against someone's neck and you would hear a little sounding 0:08:23.280 --> 0:08:27.040 exactly and then they would be injected with something. There 0:08:27.080 --> 0:08:31.320 have been various companies that have come out with UM 0:08:31.360 --> 0:08:35.240 with syringes that are in that kind of mode. Uh. 0:08:35.280 --> 0:08:37.960 In fact, I remember my dad telling me about his 0:08:38.040 --> 0:08:42.040 experience with one and that it was about five times 0:08:42.040 --> 0:08:47.400 more painful than a standard syringe. So maybe not the 0:08:47.440 --> 0:08:51.800 best approach, um, But yeah, I for things like healing 0:08:51.800 --> 0:08:55.920 of bones and stuff. Uh, there are interesting approaches that 0:08:56.080 --> 0:09:01.240 use things like ultrasonic frequencies to try and help with 0:09:01.640 --> 0:09:06.079 to promote things like like bone healing. But the last 0:09:06.080 --> 0:09:10.480 time I looked into it, which granted was a while ago, uh, 0:09:10.520 --> 0:09:15.120 the research on it was not really conclusive about whether 0:09:15.200 --> 0:09:20.360 or not it genuinely was helpful, but it was something 0:09:20.400 --> 0:09:24.680 that various medical professionals were exploring the possibility of using 0:09:24.679 --> 0:09:28.520 an ultrasonic therapy to help with things like like healing 0:09:28.520 --> 0:09:32.079 a broken bone. I know that I know that some 0:09:32.280 --> 0:09:34.920 vets will use light therapy as well for healing of 0:09:35.000 --> 0:09:38.920 wounds with animals, for instance. So it's just similar in 0:09:39.080 --> 0:09:42.760 many Yeah, I mean we we's all just animals when 0:09:42.760 --> 0:09:44.840 you get down to it. So, yeah, it's this one, 0:09:44.880 --> 0:09:50.400 I think, is one where the seeds are there. And 0:09:50.880 --> 0:09:54.040 maybe we never see an implementation like we do in fiction. 0:09:54.559 --> 0:09:58.440 But but the the depiction that we see in fiction 0:09:58.840 --> 0:10:02.320 is not so far removed from reality, right, it doesn't. 0:10:02.360 --> 0:10:05.600 It doesn't feel like that would be truly impossible the 0:10:05.640 --> 0:10:09.080 way some of the others do. Yeah. Well, one that 0:10:09.120 --> 0:10:13.559 feels truly impossible to me as is stepping away from 0:10:13.559 --> 0:10:17.040 Star Trek before we step back into it is the neuralizer, 0:10:17.559 --> 0:10:23.360 and I suppose by relation the d neuralizer from Men 0:10:23.360 --> 0:10:26.800 in Black. Uh, funny you should say that this doesn't 0:10:26.800 --> 0:10:31.719 seem realistic, but go ahead, Well now, I'm afraid to 0:10:31.920 --> 0:10:35.760 Jonathan Well, tell everybody what these things do within men 0:10:35.760 --> 0:10:39.200 and black. All right, So the neuralizer Men in Black 0:10:39.280 --> 0:10:42.680 is a little like pen light pop up pen kind 0:10:42.679 --> 0:10:44.120 of like it looks like the ones that you get 0:10:44.160 --> 0:10:46.920 from the dollar store, where it's got the twelve cartridges 0:10:46.960 --> 0:10:49.040 of different colors of ink and you press one down 0:10:49.080 --> 0:10:51.920 all around, press down like five of them and drawn 0:10:52.000 --> 0:10:54.800 like eight colors or something. Yes, yes, yes, you take 0:10:54.800 --> 0:10:56.840 off the cap on the front of it so that 0:10:56.880 --> 0:10:59.359 you can write with all of them at once. Anyhow, 0:10:59.400 --> 0:11:02.720 that is not at all how this thing works. How 0:11:02.800 --> 0:11:06.439 this works is it flashes a bright light to erase 0:11:06.559 --> 0:11:10.480 your memory, and then a new memory can be put 0:11:10.520 --> 0:11:14.800 in place. And I know that you can affect people's memories. 0:11:15.400 --> 0:11:18.360 You can keep your memory from being affected by wearing 0:11:18.559 --> 0:11:26.240 ray bands probably special ray bands, probably put a lot 0:11:26.240 --> 0:11:31.760 of money. Yeah, that's that's the kind of special. So 0:11:31.760 --> 0:11:35.080 so yeah, so it's a little pen thing that allows 0:11:35.080 --> 0:11:37.280 you to wipe somebody's memory and put a new memory 0:11:37.280 --> 0:11:41.400 in its place. And then there's a d neuralizer that 0:11:41.520 --> 0:11:44.000 is much more complicated and was very difficult for me 0:11:44.040 --> 0:11:48.600 to find descriptions of how exactly it worked because within 0:11:48.640 --> 0:11:54.320 the Men in Black universe there were only a couple 0:11:54.400 --> 0:11:56.200 of them. And they were kind of if you on 0:11:56.240 --> 0:11:59.000 how they worked in the universe. But it's basically a 0:11:59.040 --> 0:12:03.760 way to restore of that person's original memories. And it's 0:12:04.120 --> 0:12:07.880 very involved, right, And in both cases the way it 0:12:07.960 --> 0:12:11.080 works wasn't really important for Men in Black, right, The 0:12:11.080 --> 0:12:13.880 the important thing in the plot was just you need 0:12:13.920 --> 0:12:19.080 to have some way to erase the perception and memory 0:12:19.200 --> 0:12:22.160 of an event among the population or else. The whole 0:12:22.200 --> 0:12:24.280 premise of Men and Black falls apart, which is the 0:12:24.320 --> 0:12:27.959 idea that they're aliens have secretly been visiting Earth for 0:12:28.320 --> 0:12:31.880 years and years and years, and there's this UH, this 0:12:32.600 --> 0:12:35.720 agency that is top secret that is in charge of 0:12:35.800 --> 0:12:40.880 dealing with alien human interactions, and part of the whole 0:12:41.760 --> 0:12:45.559 UH system is dependent upon the general population being ignorant 0:12:46.080 --> 0:12:49.600 of the aliens. So you've got to have something two 0:12:50.320 --> 0:12:52.160 wipe out people's memories or else you're going to be 0:12:52.240 --> 0:12:56.280 doing some pretty serious clean up work in like the 0:12:56.400 --> 0:12:59.800 darkest sense, like eliminating people were removing them from the 0:13:00.000 --> 0:13:04.680 populations so that they can't spill the beans. Um, well, 0:13:04.720 --> 0:13:09.240 arial here's the scary thing, UH neuralizer is not that, 0:13:10.240 --> 0:13:14.440 not that, not that preposterous as it turns out, So 0:13:16.120 --> 0:13:17.920 let me preface this by saying, I'm going to be 0:13:17.920 --> 0:13:23.000 talking about mice, not human beings, and with very few exceptions, 0:13:23.880 --> 0:13:26.440 mice and human beings are not the same thing. And 0:13:26.640 --> 0:13:31.960 uh so at M I t the researchers had been 0:13:32.040 --> 0:13:36.680 working with mice. And it also just warning in general 0:13:36.720 --> 0:13:38.840 for people who love animals, this is gonna be hard 0:13:38.880 --> 0:13:41.400 to hear. There's gonna be some hard stuff to hear 0:13:41.400 --> 0:13:46.160 in this one. They took mice and they implanted some 0:13:46.280 --> 0:13:51.080 fiber optic lines that went through the skull into the 0:13:51.120 --> 0:13:57.000 mouse brains, so they had a direct line, a fiber 0:13:57.040 --> 0:14:02.760 optic going into the little mouse brain. They then put 0:14:02.840 --> 0:14:05.640 the mice in what they called the red room, which 0:14:05.760 --> 0:14:11.720 was a little environment not not no, not the shining, 0:14:12.160 --> 0:14:15.800 but I appreciate your enthusiasm. No, the mice were told 0:14:15.840 --> 0:14:19.760 to explore. Told the mice were allowed to explore this 0:14:19.840 --> 0:14:23.440 red room. They talking to mice rarely doesn't much good. 0:14:23.840 --> 0:14:26.240 They were allowed to explore this red room. And then 0:14:26.960 --> 0:14:31.280 the floor of this little red room had electrodes in 0:14:31.320 --> 0:14:36.640 it through which the researchers could apply a mild electric 0:14:36.760 --> 0:14:40.800 shock to the little twid sees of the mice, which 0:14:40.840 --> 0:14:44.120 they it wasn't It wasn't enough to be harmful, but 0:14:44.280 --> 0:14:47.000 it was enough to be unpleasant. In other words, it 0:14:47.040 --> 0:14:51.040 was enough to hurt but not cause harm, right like 0:14:51.120 --> 0:14:55.560 getting a shock from something um At the same time, 0:14:56.840 --> 0:15:00.120 they would show a blue light through the fire her 0:15:00.160 --> 0:15:05.680 optic into the little mouse brain, so they're literally shining 0:15:05.760 --> 0:15:09.320 light onto the brains of the mice on a specific 0:15:09.360 --> 0:15:13.960 section of their brains. Then they took the mice. They 0:15:13.960 --> 0:15:18.000 put them into a different environment which the mice had 0:15:18.040 --> 0:15:22.040 no association with as far as shocks go. So in 0:15:22.120 --> 0:15:24.200 other words, this was this was new. It was not 0:15:24.400 --> 0:15:28.320 scary to them. It was just unusual and unknown, and 0:15:28.360 --> 0:15:31.600 the mice were allowed to explore again. Then the m 0:15:31.600 --> 0:15:35.520 I T researchers showed the blue light through the fiber 0:15:35.560 --> 0:15:38.640 optics to the mice brains. They did not shock the mice, 0:15:38.680 --> 0:15:40.880 They just did the blue light. But the blue light 0:15:40.920 --> 0:15:44.520 had been associated with the shocks, so even though the 0:15:44.520 --> 0:15:48.080 mice are not seeing the blue light, it's shining into 0:15:48.080 --> 0:15:53.000 their brains. It implanted a false memory that they had 0:15:53.080 --> 0:15:56.640 just been shocked, and they behaved as if the floor 0:15:56.920 --> 0:15:59.720 was covered in these electrodes, and they huddled in the 0:15:59.720 --> 0:16:03.040 corner and they hid because they to them in their 0:16:03.080 --> 0:16:06.080 brains they remembered getting shocked even though they had never 0:16:06.120 --> 0:16:09.359 been shocked. They were then put into a third environment 0:16:10.280 --> 0:16:15.200 and again showed no signs of having this this like. 0:16:15.280 --> 0:16:18.040 They didn't behave as if it was dangerous. Again. So 0:16:18.080 --> 0:16:22.160 the researchers had come up with this this hypothesis that 0:16:23.000 --> 0:16:29.680 it is possible to implant memory, false memories into a mouse, 0:16:29.840 --> 0:16:34.280 and that this could also potentially be reversible, where you 0:16:34.280 --> 0:16:38.480 could remove memories, You could remove the ability for a 0:16:38.520 --> 0:16:45.040 mouse to recall that it had a specific uh outcome 0:16:45.360 --> 0:16:48.800 from a particular situation, and thus it would not behave 0:16:48.880 --> 0:16:51.840 it wouldn't learn because it wouldn't have the memory to 0:16:52.000 --> 0:16:55.600 have built upon that. When I'm in this situation, bad 0:16:55.680 --> 0:16:59.880 things happen, that memory would be erased. So it's not 0:17:00.200 --> 0:17:04.360 a flashy red thing. It is incredibly invasive and it's 0:17:04.400 --> 0:17:09.919 for mice. But the science shows how memory is a 0:17:09.920 --> 0:17:12.440 tricky thing because it's all about the neurons in our 0:17:12.480 --> 0:17:15.160 brain firing in a specific way, and if you can 0:17:15.240 --> 0:17:19.320 disrupt that or change that, you change memory. That is 0:17:19.440 --> 0:17:23.479 very interesting and it's invasive, maybe not as cruel as 0:17:23.520 --> 0:17:26.200 you know clocking somebody upside the head all a Warner 0:17:26.280 --> 0:17:31.480 Brothers style to race memories, the old way of delivering 0:17:31.520 --> 0:17:38.199 amnesia through percussive maintenance, yes, yes, or the way of 0:17:38.240 --> 0:17:41.320 convincing somebody something's true by saying it so many times, 0:17:42.119 --> 0:17:45.840 which I guess that would be kinder brainwashing. So it's 0:17:45.880 --> 0:17:51.040 not an unknown thing. Just it's interesting that they're able 0:17:51.080 --> 0:17:53.240 to do it with light, Like you said, shining light 0:17:53.240 --> 0:17:55.119 on the branch, which goes back to the Men and 0:17:55.160 --> 0:17:58.960 Black stuff. Right, it's like using light now, granted the 0:17:59.040 --> 0:18:01.960 Men and Black thing, just the light itself somehow has 0:18:02.080 --> 0:18:05.480 this ability once you perceive it through your eyeballs, to 0:18:05.560 --> 0:18:08.960 erase your memory, whereas the M I. T. Researchers were 0:18:09.320 --> 0:18:13.480 literally associating light with a specific outcome, and that's how 0:18:13.480 --> 0:18:15.240 they were able to do it. So it's it's two 0:18:15.240 --> 0:18:18.720 different things. They're similar enough where you could say maybe 0:18:18.760 --> 0:18:21.800 the there was some inspiration in that research that went 0:18:21.840 --> 0:18:24.160 into the way Men and Black did it, or maybe 0:18:24.160 --> 0:18:27.080 it was just a convenient way to work around a 0:18:27.080 --> 0:18:30.080 plot necessity. So I think that that was a pretty 0:18:30.160 --> 0:18:33.520 interesting sci fi gadget to reality comparison. And we've got 0:18:33.560 --> 0:18:36.520 a lot more. But before we get to that, let's 0:18:36.560 --> 0:18:47.440 take a quick break, okay, Ariel, I understand, We're going 0:18:47.480 --> 0:18:50.560 to make another trip back over to the star treks, yes, 0:18:51.280 --> 0:18:53.720 this time with something not as sad as my myce 0:18:53.840 --> 0:18:57.960 brain play games. Well, you say that, but you don't 0:18:57.960 --> 0:19:00.680 know what I'm going to say after you're done. Joh, 0:19:00.720 --> 0:19:06.760 then my heart can't take it. No mouse abuse will 0:19:06.800 --> 0:19:09.520 happen in this particular section, which is good because I'm 0:19:09.520 --> 0:19:13.399 talking about communicators, which are devices that allow you to 0:19:13.440 --> 0:19:17.200 communicate faster than the speed of sound I guess, faster 0:19:17.240 --> 0:19:21.840 than the speed of light using subspace transmissions without satellites 0:19:22.560 --> 0:19:29.680 that can bypass electromagnetic fields, and basically it's instantaneous communication 0:19:29.880 --> 0:19:34.320 across great expanses. Because if you're let's say, on one 0:19:34.320 --> 0:19:37.639 side of the galaxy and you're getting attacked by Klingons 0:19:37.680 --> 0:19:40.080 and the rest of your backup fleet is on the 0:19:40.119 --> 0:19:42.920 other side of the galaxy, you don't want to wait 0:19:44.400 --> 0:19:46.320 years for them to get your message to come back 0:19:46.359 --> 0:19:49.680 and save you. I mean, we watch The Martian, the 0:19:50.119 --> 0:19:54.120 movie The Martian with Matt Damon, and even between Earth 0:19:54.200 --> 0:19:57.000 and Mars, which is not as nearly as far as 0:19:57.080 --> 0:19:59.440 the spaces that we often deal with. In Star Trek, 0:20:00.119 --> 0:20:05.880 it took many minutes for one message to get from 0:20:05.920 --> 0:20:08.320 Mars to Earth, and then many minutes for a message 0:20:08.400 --> 0:20:11.240 a response to get back from Earth to Mars. So 0:20:11.280 --> 0:20:14.640 it could take an hour to have a very short conversation. 0:20:15.960 --> 0:20:20.119 That just doesn't do when the Klingons are attacking you. Yeah, 0:20:20.200 --> 0:20:23.359 and those pesky clingons, man, they'll they'll pounce on any 0:20:23.400 --> 0:20:27.600 any opportunity. You know. Also also, I'm sure Romulans and 0:20:29.040 --> 0:20:33.560 Kardassians almost said Kardashians. The Kardashians also will pounce on 0:20:33.600 --> 0:20:38.399 any opportunity. They've proven that on social media time and again. Um. Yeah, 0:20:38.480 --> 0:20:41.520 So you point out like this is this is one 0:20:41.560 --> 0:20:45.080 of those issues that writers had to deal with when 0:20:45.080 --> 0:20:49.960 they're talking about the premise of a federation that's capable 0:20:50.080 --> 0:20:53.679 of doing deep space exploration. I mean, the whole purpose 0:20:53.720 --> 0:20:56.800 of Star Trek is to explore that. That's part of 0:20:56.840 --> 0:21:02.680 the preamble to every episode. And uh, the challenges how 0:21:02.680 --> 0:21:05.080 do you deal with two things? And we'll we'll touch 0:21:05.119 --> 0:21:07.680 on the other one later. I think one is how 0:21:07.720 --> 0:21:09.720 do you get from point A to point B in 0:21:09.720 --> 0:21:11.800 a reasonable amount of times so that you're dealing with 0:21:11.840 --> 0:21:14.919 the same characters in the middle of the episode that 0:21:14.960 --> 0:21:16.960 you had in the beginning, because otherwise you would have 0:21:17.000 --> 0:21:19.720 to have generations of characters, right, And the other one 0:21:19.760 --> 0:21:23.680 being how do you deal with that occasionally in a storyline? Well, sure, 0:21:23.960 --> 0:21:26.560 but yeah, that's always the exception, not the rule. And 0:21:26.560 --> 0:21:31.160 then the ability to communicate back to either another ship 0:21:31.359 --> 0:21:36.160 or home base without any delay, and uh, we get 0:21:36.200 --> 0:21:39.600 to a fundamental limit of the universe, which is the 0:21:39.640 --> 0:21:43.679 speed of light. The speed limit for the universe. Nothing 0:21:43.680 --> 0:21:47.040 goes faster than light. The few times where people thought 0:21:47.080 --> 0:21:50.440 that maybe they had picked up on something that was 0:21:50.480 --> 0:21:53.439 faster than the speed of light, it turned out upon 0:21:53.640 --> 0:21:57.840 further study that they were wrong. So light is the 0:21:57.880 --> 0:22:01.120 fastest anything can go. And if you are a light 0:22:01.240 --> 0:22:04.720 year away from something, that means it's going to take 0:22:04.720 --> 0:22:07.120 a full year for light to get from that thing 0:22:07.240 --> 0:22:10.560 to you. So you're literally looking at the thing from 0:22:10.600 --> 0:22:13.119 a year ago. So if we're looking at a planet 0:22:13.119 --> 0:22:15.959 that's ten light years away, we're actually looking into that 0:22:16.000 --> 0:22:20.359 planet's past. Right, We're seeing the planet from ten years ago, 0:22:20.960 --> 0:22:25.600 just very wibbly wobbly. Yes, it's cool stuff, but it 0:22:25.680 --> 0:22:30.400 does show that there's this huge challenge in storytelling, and 0:22:30.760 --> 0:22:33.920 subspace was kind of a cheat to get around that 0:22:34.320 --> 0:22:38.560 because without it, there is no way to have real 0:22:38.560 --> 0:22:44.080 time communication between two points that are of significant distance 0:22:44.119 --> 0:22:46.480 apart from each other. As you were pointing out arial 0:22:46.520 --> 0:22:49.920 in the Martian there was that delay that was depicted 0:22:49.960 --> 0:22:54.680 within the story. In real world where we were landing 0:22:54.720 --> 0:22:58.880 things like the Curiosity Rover on Mars, that all had 0:22:58.920 --> 0:23:02.800 to be done through automated systems because there was no 0:23:02.840 --> 0:23:05.720 way to control the spacecraft in real time. There was 0:23:05.760 --> 0:23:10.800 at least an eight minute delay between when something would 0:23:10.800 --> 0:23:13.040 happen and when we would know about it, which meant 0:23:13.119 --> 0:23:16.320 that the Curiosity Rover was on the surface of Mars 0:23:16.400 --> 0:23:18.320 for more than ten minutes before we were sure it 0:23:18.359 --> 0:23:21.680 had worked, and admit that the whole process had to 0:23:21.720 --> 0:23:26.120 be done through automation. So this is something we can't 0:23:26.119 --> 0:23:29.440 easily get around. There is no such thing as subspace communication, 0:23:29.640 --> 0:23:34.000 at least nothing that we have created, and it's very 0:23:34.000 --> 0:23:38.080 difficult to understand how you would even make it happen. 0:23:38.720 --> 0:23:41.639 Uh you know, maybe you argue that you somehow tapped 0:23:41.640 --> 0:23:46.520 into an extra dimensional channel, but that is again kind 0:23:46.520 --> 0:23:49.440 of a get out of jail free card, because even 0:23:49.480 --> 0:23:52.360 in the mathematic models of the universe where we talk 0:23:52.440 --> 0:23:55.760 about additional dimensions on top of the ones that we 0:23:55.800 --> 0:23:58.840 can perceive, there's still no way for us to access 0:23:58.920 --> 0:24:03.600 those dimensions. They are they work because the math works right, 0:24:03.960 --> 0:24:07.960 so mathematically they seem to be there, but that doesn't 0:24:08.000 --> 0:24:11.840 mean we can do anything or interact with them in 0:24:11.880 --> 0:24:15.000 any way that we could perceive or or take advantage of. 0:24:15.560 --> 0:24:21.640 So that is kind of a fundamental flaw in these films, 0:24:21.720 --> 0:24:24.239 and and it shows an issue we're going to have 0:24:24.560 --> 0:24:26.600 should we ever get to a point where we can 0:24:26.720 --> 0:24:32.320 do colonization on other planets or deep space exploration, we're 0:24:32.320 --> 0:24:35.480 going to have these issues where communication is going to 0:24:35.560 --> 0:24:38.320 have this massive lag in it. One other thing that 0:24:38.359 --> 0:24:42.080 communicators have in Star Trek that we kind of sort 0:24:42.160 --> 0:24:47.000 of have in real life, uh is the universal translator. 0:24:47.440 --> 0:24:51.119 Although we don't have a universal translator, we have we 0:24:51.200 --> 0:24:55.520 have very good algorithms that can do pretty decent translations 0:24:55.560 --> 0:24:58.679 for different languages here on Earth because spoiler alert, we 0:24:58.720 --> 0:25:01.640 haven't encountered an ext or terrestrial language as of yet, 0:25:01.920 --> 0:25:06.400 so that we know of that we know of fair enough. 0:25:06.440 --> 0:25:09.080 French sometimes seems to be out of this world. So 0:25:09.720 --> 0:25:11.640 but no, the I mean that's where the cone heads 0:25:11.640 --> 0:25:15.680 were from, right from France. Uh, the the Yeah. But 0:25:16.119 --> 0:25:18.920 with the translators here, obviously, they work on a totally 0:25:18.920 --> 0:25:21.960 different principle than again, the universal translator, which was another 0:25:22.000 --> 0:25:26.640 plot necessity in Star Trek, which is that here we 0:25:26.720 --> 0:25:30.680 have mapped languages against each other so that we can 0:25:30.720 --> 0:25:35.200 make an approximate interpretation from one language to another. Um. 0:25:35.320 --> 0:25:39.080 Direct translations don't always work because of things like idioms 0:25:39.080 --> 0:25:43.280 and sayings and one language just don't don't translate to another, 0:25:43.960 --> 0:25:47.199 so you often have to take interpretation into account. But 0:25:48.000 --> 0:25:51.760 in universal translators they work on this magical principle that 0:25:51.800 --> 0:25:56.240 if you just analyze enough of a language on its own, 0:25:56.840 --> 0:26:00.920 a computer system will will suss out what sounds mean 0:26:01.280 --> 0:26:06.880 and then in real time translate that into whatever language 0:26:06.920 --> 0:26:09.840 is spoken by the person who's hearing it, to the 0:26:09.880 --> 0:26:13.560 point where the mouths of the person doing the speaking 0:26:13.960 --> 0:26:18.560 seemed to be speaking perfect English. Uh, that's weird. It 0:26:18.560 --> 0:26:20.320 should look like it should look like one of those 0:26:20.359 --> 0:26:24.720 badly dubbed Kung fu films. Yeah, yeah, I mean I've 0:26:24.760 --> 0:26:31.280 watched Arrival, and that's a linguistics expert trying to decipher 0:26:31.600 --> 0:26:36.640 a a alien language, and it's not as easy as 0:26:36.680 --> 0:26:39.199 just listening to a little bit, because that's if you 0:26:39.240 --> 0:26:41.720 just listen to a little bit, I'm guessing you assume 0:26:41.760 --> 0:26:49.640 that they're using human structure and rules and things like that. 0:26:50.119 --> 0:26:53.440 From what I understand, Arrival was actually took a lot 0:26:53.520 --> 0:27:00.360 of of real life language deciphering into account in its storytelling. Yeah, 0:27:00.359 --> 0:27:02.960 I know, a lot of linguists had had high praise, 0:27:03.280 --> 0:27:06.440 a lot of fans of hard science fiction having a 0:27:06.440 --> 0:27:09.280 lot of high praise for Our Arrival because it seemed 0:27:09.320 --> 0:27:13.640 to have a much more uh, much more realistic approach 0:27:13.760 --> 0:27:21.040 to what it would take two interpret an alien presence 0:27:21.200 --> 0:27:24.720 on Earth as opposed to the Will Smith Welcome to Earth, 0:27:25.560 --> 0:27:30.359 punch in the face, a punch of Independence day. Yeah, yeah, yeah, Well, 0:27:30.440 --> 0:27:34.000 you mentioned when you were talking about communicators get out 0:27:34.000 --> 0:27:37.040 of jail free cards, and I feel like all throughout fantasy, 0:27:37.080 --> 0:27:41.240 sci fi, and and comic books we have that many 0:27:41.280 --> 0:27:45.160 times it comes in the form of the tools, or 0:27:45.400 --> 0:27:49.159 rather the materials they use to build the science fiction tools. 0:27:49.200 --> 0:27:53.320 So let's do a little quick fire of some minerals 0:27:53.520 --> 0:27:57.119 and and items such as that that exist in the 0:27:57.119 --> 0:28:00.240 sci fi fantasy world and whether we actually have real 0:28:00.320 --> 0:28:08.359 life counterparts. So let's start with adamantium, which is a 0:28:08.400 --> 0:28:12.920 Marvel thing. It's virtually indestructible bowl. It's a man made 0:28:12.920 --> 0:28:15.560 it's a steel alloy. It's what Captain America's shield is 0:28:15.600 --> 0:28:18.639 made out of. So it's just like extra super super 0:28:18.640 --> 0:28:23.120 super super strong steel. It's also the stuff that Wolverine's 0:28:23.200 --> 0:28:27.280 skeleton is made out of, yes, or coded in. Yeah, yeah, 0:28:27.280 --> 0:28:29.439 that's true. Coded in. His skeleton is still made out 0:28:29.480 --> 0:28:33.200 of bone. It was it was coated in adamantium um. 0:28:33.280 --> 0:28:36.000 And also, uh well, at least I think in the 0:28:36.000 --> 0:28:39.520 Marvel Cinematic universe, I think Captain America's shield might be 0:28:39.560 --> 0:28:44.400 made out of vibranium um, not adamantium, because because it 0:28:44.560 --> 0:28:47.200 disperses sound. But we'll talk about vibranium in a second. 0:28:47.600 --> 0:28:51.280 Yeah I can't. But I can't tell you how they 0:28:51.320 --> 0:28:55.600 made adamantium because it's a government secret. Yeah yeah, well 0:28:55.880 --> 0:28:58.560 this kind of so you Aerial also are a fan 0:28:58.640 --> 0:29:03.520 of HP Lovecraft horror type stuff, right, um, and Lovecraft 0:29:03.640 --> 0:29:07.760 Lovecraft put a lot of the onus of his work 0:29:07.880 --> 0:29:11.800 on the Reader because he would say that a monster 0:29:11.960 --> 0:29:19.320 was so reprehensibly horrible and awful that you the human 0:29:19.360 --> 0:29:22.680 brain can't can't process it and you go crazy looking 0:29:22.720 --> 0:29:24.600 at it, which is a great way to get around 0:29:24.600 --> 0:29:27.800 the problem of having to describe what your monster looks like. Well, 0:29:27.840 --> 0:29:31.040 in the same sort of way, saying that the process 0:29:31.080 --> 0:29:34.000 of making this is so top secret that it's never 0:29:34.040 --> 0:29:35.600 been shared is a great way to get around the 0:29:35.640 --> 0:29:39.720 fact that you can't do this. Um. Yeah, So adamantium 0:29:39.840 --> 0:29:43.800 is being a steel alloy. That's totally realistic. We have alloys. 0:29:43.840 --> 0:29:46.400 I mean, steel itself is an alloy, and an alloy 0:29:46.720 --> 0:29:50.880 is a metal and either another metal or sometimes a mineral, 0:29:51.080 --> 0:29:55.080 that are mixed together in order to create a a 0:29:55.360 --> 0:29:59.000 different version of what you were working with. So steel 0:29:59.080 --> 0:30:03.240 is an alloy of iron and carbon, primarily iron by itself, 0:30:03.640 --> 0:30:07.120 very useful stuff, but it has limitations. Uh, it gets 0:30:07.120 --> 0:30:09.480 a little bindy, windy, and it can be a little 0:30:09.520 --> 0:30:13.200 brittle whittle as well. And by putting a little carbon 0:30:13.400 --> 0:30:19.280 into a little iron and doing a very very involved 0:30:19.280 --> 0:30:25.280 process of smelting, you can create a steel and that 0:30:25.400 --> 0:30:30.600 ends up being harder, being able to hold an edge better, um, 0:30:30.640 --> 0:30:33.400 being less brittle, at least in certain circumstances. Depending on 0:30:33.440 --> 0:30:36.560 how much carbon is in the iron, and it means 0:30:36.600 --> 0:30:40.960 that you can do other stuff with it. So adamantium 0:30:41.000 --> 0:30:45.360 not realistic alloys totally a thing, all right? Well, and 0:30:45.400 --> 0:30:47.360 I'm actually gonna switch up the order we have these 0:30:47.360 --> 0:30:50.840 in a little bit. Mithral then, which is silver that 0:30:50.880 --> 0:30:53.920 has tripled the strength of steel, seems to me be 0:30:53.960 --> 0:31:00.000 another alloy. Is possible to make silver that strong? No? Um, 0:31:00.040 --> 0:31:04.720 So myth roll comes from the Token universe, although it's 0:31:04.760 --> 0:31:07.360 been used in fantasy ever since. Like, there's so many 0:31:07.360 --> 0:31:10.880 different fantasies stories that if they don't call it myth role, 0:31:11.240 --> 0:31:13.640 it's essentially myth role. I think Dudgeons and Dragons just 0:31:13.760 --> 0:31:17.200 lifted it. But I kind of like that because it 0:31:17.240 --> 0:31:19.440 makes it feel like all these science fiction and fantasy 0:31:19.520 --> 0:31:22.480 universes all come from some sort of truth. I know 0:31:22.560 --> 0:31:27.000 they don't, but the fact that they all vaguely connect 0:31:27.040 --> 0:31:30.440 and intertwined is interesting to me. Anyhow, go on, Well, 0:31:30.560 --> 0:31:33.000 myth role being made of silver, So there are a 0:31:33.000 --> 0:31:36.760 couple of interesting things about silver that they don't relate 0:31:36.800 --> 0:31:39.760 back to myth roll, but they do make silver very special. 0:31:40.480 --> 0:31:44.760 One of those things is that silver has antimicrobial properties, 0:31:45.040 --> 0:31:49.960 like silver kills microbes, so for that purpose. You will 0:31:50.040 --> 0:31:55.239 often find things like wound dressings that have nanoparticles of 0:31:55.320 --> 0:32:00.520 silver worked into the dressing because it it fights off infection, 0:32:00.560 --> 0:32:04.600 It fights off the possibility of getting an infected wound. 0:32:05.320 --> 0:32:08.000 It's not a guarantee, but it definitely helps. So we 0:32:08.080 --> 0:32:11.960 actually do see that silver has these kind of almost 0:32:12.000 --> 0:32:15.920 magical properties because you know, it's it's hard for us 0:32:15.960 --> 0:32:19.840 to imagine how on a macro scale this works. But 0:32:20.120 --> 0:32:23.240 when you start looking at a nano scale, and a 0:32:23.360 --> 0:32:25.920 nanometer is one billionth of a meter. When you're looking 0:32:25.960 --> 0:32:29.880 at that tiny of a scale, physics operate very differently 0:32:30.160 --> 0:32:34.160 than they do on our level. And so there are 0:32:34.160 --> 0:32:37.240 certain things about silver that do make it special uh 0:32:37.360 --> 0:32:40.040 And and there are alloys of steel, and there are 0:32:40.160 --> 0:32:45.040 other um uh materials that we make that are lighter 0:32:45.080 --> 0:32:48.920 and stronger than steel. Stronger, depending upon your definition, is 0:32:49.000 --> 0:32:54.360 strong like carbon fiber. So I would argue that carbon fiber, 0:32:54.520 --> 0:32:58.680 which is an artificial thing that we work with, is 0:32:58.760 --> 0:33:01.840 kind of similar to myth. Although myth role was was 0:33:01.960 --> 0:33:05.240 naturally occurring. It was something that the dwarves would mine 0:33:05.960 --> 0:33:10.920 in in the Tolkien universe. And uh uh. With carbon fiber, 0:33:11.320 --> 0:33:14.240 you can get something that has that's lighter than steal, 0:33:14.280 --> 0:33:17.080 but much stronger. But as I said, strong depends on 0:33:17.120 --> 0:33:20.000 your definition because there are different types of material strength. 0:33:20.280 --> 0:33:24.160 There's tent sile strength, which is the resistance to being 0:33:24.200 --> 0:33:28.680 pulled apart from deforming and breaking from a pulling uh 0:33:28.880 --> 0:33:32.480 kind of stress. Then there's a hardness, which is more 0:33:32.520 --> 0:33:35.640 like if you impact it, how does it hold up 0:33:35.640 --> 0:33:37.520 against that? Does it hold its shape or does it 0:33:37.640 --> 0:33:41.640 deform or dent. So there are different ways to think 0:33:41.680 --> 0:33:44.200 about how strong is something or is it brittle? This 0:33:44.280 --> 0:33:47.080 is something that it's hard, but if you strike it, 0:33:47.080 --> 0:33:51.400 it breaks apart. So when we say that something is stronger, 0:33:51.440 --> 0:33:53.880 we have to define that further. We can't just say 0:33:54.440 --> 0:33:57.480 yes or no it maybe oh, this thing has got 0:33:57.520 --> 0:34:00.800 amazing tent stile strength, like like there could be some 0:34:00.800 --> 0:34:06.360 some carbon uh uh fiber stuff or some approach of 0:34:06.360 --> 0:34:09.439 of carbon nanotube type stuff that you could say, oh, 0:34:09.520 --> 0:34:11.680 this has got such tin style strength. We could use 0:34:11.719 --> 0:34:14.600 it to build a space elevator. But then if you said, yeah, 0:34:14.640 --> 0:34:17.080 but if anything hits it, it'll break right apart because 0:34:17.080 --> 0:34:19.640 it has terrible strength on that On that side, like 0:34:19.719 --> 0:34:22.480 it's great tin sill strength, but an impact is terrible, 0:34:22.960 --> 0:34:26.040 then you are back to the drawing board. So long 0:34:26.080 --> 0:34:29.359 story short, mythral not real, but there are some real 0:34:29.400 --> 0:34:33.520 world uh materials that we have that that do fall 0:34:33.560 --> 0:34:37.520 into that lighter than steel but stronger than steel category. 0:34:38.000 --> 0:34:40.920 That makes me feel like Uru metal is not so 0:34:41.040 --> 0:34:44.359 much of a far fetch either then, because uru metal 0:34:44.440 --> 0:34:47.000 is what Doris hammer Milner was made out of, which 0:34:47.080 --> 0:34:50.239 is uh the first moon stone from the first moon 0:34:50.239 --> 0:34:54.480 with metallic properties that can store magic and and energy, 0:34:54.520 --> 0:34:56.880 and its resistant to damage and super durable. It feels 0:34:56.920 --> 0:34:59.280 like everything you just talked about. But if you didn't 0:34:59.280 --> 0:35:02.880 have to have one or together. Well. Also, I didn't 0:35:02.920 --> 0:35:07.720 mention that we don't have materials that can store electricity 0:35:07.800 --> 0:35:11.480 or like energy and magic. Um, but you did say 0:35:11.880 --> 0:35:16.240 silver was kind of magical and it's micropial. You're turning 0:35:16.239 --> 0:35:20.160 my own words against me. Oh meumu oh meumw came 0:35:20.160 --> 0:35:23.080 back to haunt me, just like when thora throws it. Okay, 0:35:23.120 --> 0:35:26.440 So um yeah. When I used the word kind of magical, 0:35:26.480 --> 0:35:28.640 I mean in the sense that we is difficult for 0:35:28.719 --> 0:35:31.160 us to understand on a on a on a common 0:35:31.200 --> 0:35:36.640 sense level. Um. So, all the all the ideas of 0:35:36.640 --> 0:35:40.520 being able to store energy. There's there's at least some 0:35:41.880 --> 0:35:44.480 it's not storing, but there is some component to that 0:35:44.480 --> 0:35:48.480 that we can look at in real world effects. So, Ariel, 0:35:48.520 --> 0:35:51.440 have you ever heard of something called it the piezo 0:35:51.520 --> 0:35:55.799 electric or sometimes people say piezo electric effect. I have, 0:35:56.040 --> 0:35:59.000 but explained it for everybody who has not. That's fair 0:35:59.040 --> 0:36:02.400 areal So, so piezo electric is the way I say it, 0:36:02.600 --> 0:36:05.080 But I have heard p a zo electric as well. 0:36:05.200 --> 0:36:08.919 It's p i e z o. Uh. This is an 0:36:08.960 --> 0:36:14.040 interesting um feature that some materials have. Quartz as an example, 0:36:14.800 --> 0:36:18.760 and it's a material that if you were to apply 0:36:18.880 --> 0:36:22.080 a mechanical stress to the material, in other words, if 0:36:22.120 --> 0:36:25.200 you were to squeeze it or or hit it or whatever, 0:36:26.040 --> 0:36:31.680 it would cause a voltage difference to occur within the 0:36:31.719 --> 0:36:38.440 material itself, so it could actually emit an electric charge. Likewise, 0:36:39.040 --> 0:36:43.600 if you subject one of these materials to an electric charge, 0:36:44.320 --> 0:36:49.200 it will experience a mechanical internal stress, so in other words, 0:36:49.239 --> 0:36:53.320 it will vibrate. So if you zap a piece of quartz, 0:36:53.760 --> 0:36:56.640 it will vibrate. As a result, if you strike a 0:36:56.640 --> 0:37:00.759 piece of quartz, it will generate an electric charge. And 0:37:00.800 --> 0:37:05.600 this is why watches use use tiny quartz crystals to 0:37:05.760 --> 0:37:11.640 keep time. Because it's a very specific reaction, it's always 0:37:11.680 --> 0:37:13.280 going to be the same. If you apply the exact 0:37:13.320 --> 0:37:16.080 same electric charge, you're gonna get the exact same amount 0:37:16.080 --> 0:37:20.120 of vibration every single time, and vice versa. So it's 0:37:20.239 --> 0:37:23.440 because it's so repeatable and so dependable that ends up 0:37:23.480 --> 0:37:27.680 being an important element in timekeeping. So at least there 0:37:27.719 --> 0:37:33.280 are materials that can convert one form of energy into another. 0:37:33.360 --> 0:37:36.640 It's not the same as storing it. That's that's a 0:37:36.680 --> 0:37:39.600 different thing. But there's at least some component to that. 0:37:39.680 --> 0:37:42.400 Other than that, I can't think of any way to 0:37:42.440 --> 0:37:47.480 make uru realistic. I mean, there are some materials that 0:37:47.520 --> 0:37:50.040 are harder than others or else. We everything we might 0:37:50.080 --> 0:37:53.040 as well be made all the same stuff or or anything. 0:37:53.520 --> 0:37:55.799 But that's just not the case. So there is that. 0:37:55.880 --> 0:37:59.160 But uh, the other thing we have to remember is 0:37:59.200 --> 0:38:01.960 that at least for no true occurring stuff, the odds 0:38:01.960 --> 0:38:07.000 of us encountering something that is completely unheard of in 0:38:07.120 --> 0:38:14.160 science are are low. Um in that the universe is 0:38:14.239 --> 0:38:16.640 pretty much all made out of the same sort of stuff. 0:38:17.040 --> 0:38:20.360 We might find different concentrations of it depending on the 0:38:20.440 --> 0:38:24.279 specific uh, you know, systems we're looking at, but we're 0:38:24.320 --> 0:38:28.520 not likely to encounter. Oh, here's this new metal that 0:38:28.680 --> 0:38:31.120 it's it's a naturally forming metal. It's not like it's 0:38:31.120 --> 0:38:34.680 an alloy that has all these amazing properties. Were not 0:38:34.960 --> 0:38:39.760 likely to encounter that. You mentioned that Courts will vibrate 0:38:39.880 --> 0:38:45.320 or omit energy, which sounds like vibranium. All the vibranium 0:38:45.360 --> 0:38:48.520 is a metal in Courts is a mineral. Uh I 0:38:48.560 --> 0:38:52.800 guess are those the same thing? No, they are not, okay, 0:38:52.960 --> 0:38:55.720 so I'm not okay. So, of course is a mineral. 0:38:56.880 --> 0:39:01.000 Vibranium is a metal. Vibranium is the most versatile metal 0:39:01.200 --> 0:39:05.040 in the Marvel world. I was about to say the world. 0:39:06.560 --> 0:39:11.200 It manipulates energy and vibrations. It can as there are 0:39:11.200 --> 0:39:14.960 actually multiple kinds of vibratium, So some does absorb sound, 0:39:16.120 --> 0:39:18.800 some kind of shoots it out like a kinetic energy. 0:39:19.480 --> 0:39:25.440 There's even some is toxic and radioactive and and can 0:39:25.520 --> 0:39:28.320 liquefy nearby metals because of the way it affects vibration. 0:39:29.000 --> 0:39:32.839 It manipulates vibrations. And then there's one sentient one that 0:39:34.120 --> 0:39:36.880 I'm not I'm not going to touch. But so it 0:39:36.920 --> 0:39:40.400 sounds like Courts is pretty close to fibratium. I wouldn't 0:39:40.440 --> 0:39:44.839 go that far, but but I mean, like, obviously there 0:39:44.840 --> 0:39:49.960 are different materials that are uh that are better at 0:39:50.000 --> 0:39:53.279 transmitting vibrations than others. So vibration, when you think about it, 0:39:54.440 --> 0:39:56.040 I like to think of it as think of that. 0:39:56.160 --> 0:39:59.319 Think of it that you're in a room with it's 0:39:59.320 --> 0:40:01.240 a big room. Let's say that you're in a giant 0:40:01.239 --> 0:40:04.319 conference room at Dragon con Aerial. Let's say that there 0:40:04.320 --> 0:40:06.040 are only two other people in that room with you, 0:40:06.560 --> 0:40:09.839 and they're on opposite corners of the room from where 0:40:09.880 --> 0:40:12.399 you're at. You're not really able to interact with them 0:40:12.440 --> 0:40:14.400 in a physical sense, like you can't push them or 0:40:14.440 --> 0:40:18.160 anything because they're too far away. Right. Well, if you 0:40:18.200 --> 0:40:21.560 are a material that has uh it's molecular structure in 0:40:21.560 --> 0:40:24.960 such a way that the molecules can't interact with each 0:40:24.960 --> 0:40:28.080 other easily, then it's very hard for vibration to pass 0:40:28.120 --> 0:40:30.640 through it. But let's say that you're in that same 0:40:30.680 --> 0:40:35.560 conference room and there's about to be about Star Galactica panel, 0:40:35.719 --> 0:40:39.120 so there's like a billion people in there. Well, now, 0:40:39.680 --> 0:40:42.160 because there's so many people in there, you can't even 0:40:42.320 --> 0:40:44.399 you can't even move to the left or right without 0:40:44.400 --> 0:40:47.600 bumping into somebody, which means that if you aerial for 0:40:47.680 --> 0:40:50.520 some reason, decided to bring the wrath of security down 0:40:50.640 --> 0:40:53.400 upon you, and you pushed someone next to you as 0:40:53.440 --> 0:40:56.319 hard as you could, that would spread out through the 0:40:56.360 --> 0:40:58.319 rest of the room as that person would collect with 0:40:58.320 --> 0:41:01.240 other people, and you know it would dissiplate over distance, 0:41:01.320 --> 0:41:04.399 but it would spread the same thing with vibrations, right, 0:41:04.480 --> 0:41:09.319 So if your molecular structure is packed tightly, then vibrations 0:41:09.320 --> 0:41:13.480 can pass more easily through the material. And this explains 0:41:13.480 --> 0:41:16.879 why the speed of sound is dependent upon whatever it's 0:41:16.920 --> 0:41:19.360 traveling through. We usually think of the speed of sound 0:41:19.400 --> 0:41:22.120 is traveling just through the air, but sound will travel 0:41:22.160 --> 0:41:24.840 through other stuff as well, and depending on how tightly 0:41:24.880 --> 0:41:27.000 packed those molecules are and how well they can move 0:41:27.000 --> 0:41:29.760 against each other, that will determine how far the sound 0:41:29.760 --> 0:41:33.960 can travel and uh and how how well how cohesive 0:41:34.000 --> 0:41:37.320 it will remain. So there are those elements, but there's 0:41:37.480 --> 0:41:40.640 nothing that I know of that is so effective at 0:41:40.680 --> 0:41:46.080 absorbing vibration and then furthermore releasing it in some controlled 0:41:46.080 --> 0:41:48.880 way that it would work the way vibranium does. In 0:41:48.960 --> 0:41:52.000 the Marvel comics. We should also mentioned that at least 0:41:52.000 --> 0:41:56.240 in most versions of the Marvel Universe. The largest concentration 0:41:56.280 --> 0:42:00.920 of vibranium is found, of course in Wakonda, Wakonda Forever, 0:42:01.880 --> 0:42:09.600 Wakonda forever. All Right, So I can't find any way 0:42:09.640 --> 0:42:11.400 to make a good segree to this next one. What 0:42:11.440 --> 0:42:16.719 about autumtanum in the Avatar world, which is a room 0:42:16.760 --> 0:42:20.799 temperature superconductor for energy. It's toxic and it has a 0:42:20.840 --> 0:42:25.239 magnetic field, So there are there are things that have 0:42:25.320 --> 0:42:30.360 magnetic fields we call the magnets um, so that's that's realistic. 0:42:30.560 --> 0:42:34.520 There's stuff that's toxic, so that's realistic. Super Conducting at 0:42:34.560 --> 0:42:38.920 room temperature is where we have the big issue because 0:42:39.000 --> 0:42:42.040 on Earth, if we want to make something a superconductor, 0:42:42.880 --> 0:42:45.600 we have to cool it way way way down, and 0:42:45.640 --> 0:42:50.320 we're talking about using liquid nitrogen and sometimes liquid helium 0:42:50.360 --> 0:42:52.799 to get a substance cold enough so it can become 0:42:52.840 --> 0:42:56.279 a super conductor. And a superconductor is really interesting. I 0:42:56.320 --> 0:42:58.919 was gonna say really cool, but it has to be um. 0:42:58.960 --> 0:43:04.880 It's really interesting because, as the name suggests, it conducts electricity. 0:43:04.920 --> 0:43:09.520 But the super part is that there's no electrical resistance. 0:43:09.800 --> 0:43:13.720 With most conductors, there is an element of resistance, meaning 0:43:14.160 --> 0:43:16.359 that the amount of electricity you're putting in at point 0:43:16.400 --> 0:43:18.880 A is not going to be the same as what 0:43:18.920 --> 0:43:20.759 you get out at point B because some of the 0:43:20.880 --> 0:43:23.600 energy is going to be lost along the way as heat. 0:43:24.200 --> 0:43:27.799 It will convert into heat, and the wire connecting point 0:43:27.800 --> 0:43:31.600 A to point B will heat up over time and um. 0:43:31.880 --> 0:43:36.279 And so you you have some efficiency issues, right, and 0:43:36.320 --> 0:43:38.640 you work with that doing different things like if you 0:43:38.719 --> 0:43:43.399 have a bigger uh cable as opposed to a narrow one, 0:43:43.760 --> 0:43:47.920 then you reduce the amount of electrical resistance. Um. If 0:43:47.960 --> 0:43:49.840 you have a shorter one, you reduce the amount of 0:43:49.840 --> 0:43:54.480 electrical resistance. But with superconductors, you have no electrical resistance 0:43:54.480 --> 0:43:56.120 once you get out at point B is what you 0:43:56.120 --> 0:43:57.960 put in at point A, and you don't lose anything 0:43:57.960 --> 0:44:01.839 in heat, which is super interesting and it has incredible 0:44:01.960 --> 0:44:07.200 uses in technology. The large hadron collider, which I like 0:44:07.239 --> 0:44:09.480 to think of as having stolen the name from us 0:44:09.880 --> 0:44:16.080 with a large ner drown collider. Yeah, not the case. No, 0:44:16.280 --> 0:44:19.000 there's totally the other way around. The large hadron collider 0:44:19.640 --> 0:44:23.800 uses superconductors to create these these very powerful magnetic fields 0:44:23.840 --> 0:44:28.640 that propel the particle beams that are used in their experiments. 0:44:28.719 --> 0:44:32.120 So superconductors are a real thing, but room temperature ones 0:44:32.200 --> 0:44:35.120 are not. You can almost think of this as the 0:44:35.280 --> 0:44:39.200 flip of fusion. You know, in our last episode we 0:44:39.239 --> 0:44:41.920 talked about fusion a little bit. Now, fusion is a 0:44:42.120 --> 0:44:46.880 very very hot process. There have been claims about cold fusion, 0:44:46.920 --> 0:44:50.759 but they haven't really withstood scientific scrutiny over time. The 0:44:50.800 --> 0:44:53.200 idea of cold fusion being that you're able to create 0:44:53.239 --> 0:44:57.960 a fusion reaction at essentially room temperature. So this is 0:44:58.000 --> 0:44:59.759 kind of the flip side of that, the superconductor at 0:44:59.840 --> 0:45:03.560 room temperature. Nothing that we have encountered or created so 0:45:03.640 --> 0:45:09.640 far has really held up to either of those applications. Uh, 0:45:09.840 --> 0:45:12.680 if we were able to do one or both of 0:45:12.680 --> 0:45:18.080 those things, we could have incredible, incredible advancements in technology. 0:45:18.560 --> 0:45:21.759 And I'm not saying that it's impossible. I'm just saying 0:45:21.760 --> 0:45:24.520 that so far we haven't made it work. Well, it's 0:45:24.560 --> 0:45:27.840 such a great discovery of in the sci fi world 0:45:28.040 --> 0:45:31.640 of a a material that I guess that's why we're 0:45:31.640 --> 0:45:35.799 having so many Avatar sequels. Yes, which is a matter 0:45:35.920 --> 0:45:39.560 for a different show, that one being largely drunk Collider ariel. 0:45:39.640 --> 0:45:41.200 I know you've got a couple more. You want to 0:45:41.200 --> 0:45:44.240 talk about about kind of getting around in the outer 0:45:44.280 --> 0:45:47.640 space places. But before we do that, let's take another 0:45:47.719 --> 0:45:58.960 quick break. All right. So that was a quick break, 0:45:59.200 --> 0:46:02.839 but not the because we're flying it faster than light 0:46:03.360 --> 0:46:06.839 through it. Oh that was horrible of me. I'm so sorry, 0:46:06.880 --> 0:46:08.960 but he had to listen to that. All right, So 0:46:11.200 --> 0:46:15.279 it's okay, sci fi vehicles, I guess the first thing 0:46:15.320 --> 0:46:19.399 we should start with is flying in space in general. Yeah, 0:46:19.760 --> 0:46:22.200 star Wars. I'm gonna I'm just gonna stick with Star Wars. 0:46:23.480 --> 0:46:27.200 This is such a big topic. When you watch Star Wars. 0:46:27.280 --> 0:46:32.360 Vehicles they start, they stop in space, they bank in turn, 0:46:32.480 --> 0:46:35.440 and we know that in real life you have to 0:46:35.440 --> 0:46:38.080 have something to push off of and then something to 0:46:38.120 --> 0:46:42.239 stop you in space. It's not Yeah, it's not just 0:46:42.320 --> 0:46:44.400 like putting on the brakes you've got. It's when you 0:46:44.480 --> 0:46:45.839 you're in a car and you put on brakes. It's 0:46:45.920 --> 0:46:53.120 that friction that stops you. Right. Um. So in Star Wars, 0:46:53.239 --> 0:47:00.000 they've got all of these special ways that that space 0:47:00.080 --> 0:47:02.920 vehicles travel so much so that they need to account 0:47:02.920 --> 0:47:07.200 for when they're traveling in in planet atmospheres with things 0:47:07.239 --> 0:47:11.080 like repulsor lifts that are anti gravity technology that keep 0:47:11.120 --> 0:47:17.040 them from just smashing to the ground, yeah, or destroying 0:47:17.160 --> 0:47:20.200 the planet as they lift off. And then when they're 0:47:20.200 --> 0:47:26.719 in space, they use all kinds of inertial compensators I suppose, 0:47:27.200 --> 0:47:31.719 because they use bursts of energy from This is how 0:47:31.800 --> 0:47:35.200 they explained it, at least because they had to explain it. Uh. 0:47:35.360 --> 0:47:38.760 They basically use thrusters and bursts of energy from different 0:47:38.760 --> 0:47:41.000 angles of a ship that depending on where the where 0:47:41.000 --> 0:47:44.160 the center of gravity of the ship is in relation 0:47:44.200 --> 0:47:46.120 to where that thruster is, will push that ship in 0:47:46.120 --> 0:47:50.200 a certain area. But because it's space, especially if you 0:47:50.320 --> 0:47:53.920 like you're going to hyper space travel or super fast travel, 0:47:54.000 --> 0:47:56.239 it'll like liquefy you. So you have to have all 0:47:56.280 --> 0:48:01.480 these inertial compensators in your craft for acceleration, deceleration, drive, 0:48:01.520 --> 0:48:03.920 in equalization to make sure that you don't turn into 0:48:04.560 --> 0:48:09.040 driver's seat paste. Uh. That would be great if we 0:48:09.080 --> 0:48:11.640 could put all of this into actual space travel. So 0:48:11.680 --> 0:48:14.960 how likely is that not at all? Um? Yeah? So 0:48:16.160 --> 0:48:19.360 let's be fair here because one, as we mentioned in 0:48:19.360 --> 0:48:23.359 our last episode, Star Wars is science fiction adjacent, it's 0:48:23.400 --> 0:48:26.680 not really science fiction because the science part is not 0:48:26.800 --> 0:48:30.920 really that important. It's it's a component that is a setting, 0:48:31.480 --> 0:48:35.480 a window dressing for the story. The story itself is 0:48:35.520 --> 0:48:38.759 a fantasy story more than a science fiction story. Um. 0:48:38.960 --> 0:48:42.480 And we also have to remember where the inspiration came 0:48:43.120 --> 0:48:46.040 from for George Lucas when he was making Star Wars, 0:48:46.080 --> 0:48:49.080 because he wasn't trying to make a hard science fiction story. 0:48:49.640 --> 0:48:54.120 He was emulating certain things that he loved about cinema. 0:48:54.320 --> 0:48:56.320 And one of the things he loved were they really 0:48:56.360 --> 0:49:00.560 exciting dog fight sequences and movies that were that in 0:49:00.719 --> 0:49:03.919 World War Two where you would have these and in fact, 0:49:03.960 --> 0:49:08.360 there are there there side by side comparisons of scenes 0:49:08.440 --> 0:49:13.520 from older World War Two setting movies and say the 0:49:13.920 --> 0:49:17.920 X Wing attack on the Death Star, where you can 0:49:17.960 --> 0:49:20.400 see the influences side by side and say you're like, 0:49:20.440 --> 0:49:24.279 oh wow, they almost recreated this older World War Two 0:49:24.320 --> 0:49:27.120 movie shot for shot, but they used the Star Wars 0:49:27.200 --> 0:49:30.879 stuff instead. It's not quite that level, bit's close. And 0:49:30.960 --> 0:49:34.560 so because of that, because the exciting ways that planes 0:49:34.640 --> 0:49:38.000 can move in the atmosphere, that's how the the vehicles 0:49:38.000 --> 0:49:40.760 move in Star Wars. So it was more to evoke 0:49:41.400 --> 0:49:43.640 a feeling in the audience that was never meant to 0:49:43.680 --> 0:49:47.000 be this is the way that stuff actually works in space, right, 0:49:47.000 --> 0:49:49.640 so we should be fair about that, although the whole 0:49:49.680 --> 0:49:53.759 par sex thing is still a huge problem. So there 0:49:53.800 --> 0:49:56.799 so so keeping that in mind when you do move 0:49:56.880 --> 0:49:59.560 to space, because as you say, aerial, there's no atmosphere there. 0:49:59.600 --> 0:50:02.680 You can't bank off of things. You can't have these 0:50:02.680 --> 0:50:06.279 swooping motions. And when you're using thrusters, the center of 0:50:06.320 --> 0:50:10.040 gravity and pivot points do matter. You can do stuff. 0:50:10.080 --> 0:50:15.120 You can have vehicles change their orientation in space, but 0:50:15.719 --> 0:50:19.440 it takes time to do it. Uh. You don't necessarily 0:50:19.440 --> 0:50:21.279 even have to use thrusters to do it. You can 0:50:21.400 --> 0:50:24.400 use what you're called fly wheels. So if you just 0:50:24.440 --> 0:50:27.560 think of it as literally a wheel that's mounted onto 0:50:27.640 --> 0:50:30.760 a rotating motor, and the wheel is weighted a little 0:50:30.760 --> 0:50:35.320 bit and you rotate that wheel, you can create uh, 0:50:35.600 --> 0:50:40.279 the motion necessary to alter the orientation of the spacecraft 0:50:40.400 --> 0:50:43.600 within space. They've done this with things like satellites like 0:50:43.640 --> 0:50:47.319 the Hubble telescope, because obviously otherwise the only option is 0:50:47.360 --> 0:50:51.759 to load down the satellite was so much fuel that 0:50:51.800 --> 0:50:54.440 will be able to continually operate and then use the 0:50:54.480 --> 0:50:59.600 fuel to to do thruster adjustments. Right, that's not realistic. 0:51:00.200 --> 0:51:03.680 So the flywheels do work, but it's not You're not 0:51:03.719 --> 0:51:08.360 going to get that smooth and more importantly fast change 0:51:08.400 --> 0:51:11.640 of direction and ability to maneuver in space the way 0:51:11.680 --> 0:51:13.880 we see in Star Wars. That's just that's just not 0:51:13.960 --> 0:51:16.239 going to happen. Um. It would be really cool if 0:51:16.280 --> 0:51:21.000 it could. But yeah, it's a completely unrealistic depiction of 0:51:21.000 --> 0:51:25.080 how spacecraft would travel in space. Well, it's also there's 0:51:25.120 --> 0:51:28.920 a lot of unrealistic depiction of how fast spacecraft travel 0:51:28.960 --> 0:51:34.319 in space. So let's and and each. There are lots 0:51:34.360 --> 0:51:37.240 of different terms for that as well in science fiction. 0:51:37.440 --> 0:51:40.640 So let's start with light speed because I feel this 0:51:40.719 --> 0:51:43.120 makes me really sad. We have light speed, hyperspace, and 0:51:43.160 --> 0:51:45.759 warp speed that we want to talk about, and light 0:51:45.840 --> 0:51:52.920 speed is the most realistic. We've almost reached it at points. 0:51:53.480 --> 0:51:55.880 And the one that uses light speed and science fiction 0:51:56.000 --> 0:51:59.080 is spaceballs. Well, there's a lot of other things that 0:51:59.239 --> 0:52:03.719 use light speed, we chose we chose spaceball because they 0:52:03.960 --> 0:52:08.160 they've gone to plaid um spaceballs. Yeah, so, so faster 0:52:08.280 --> 0:52:14.920 than light. Um, it's completely unrealistic to ever have faster 0:52:15.000 --> 0:52:18.040 than light travel, as in you you just have some 0:52:18.160 --> 0:52:23.839 means of pushing your vehicle faster than light itself can travel. Like, 0:52:23.880 --> 0:52:25.960 you're not talking about any other tricks. You're just talking 0:52:25.960 --> 0:52:30.759 about somehow speeding up beyond the speed of light. And um, 0:52:30.840 --> 0:52:32.760 the way you can think about this is that anything 0:52:32.800 --> 0:52:38.080 that has mass, from the millennium falcon to an electron, 0:52:38.600 --> 0:52:45.200 anything that has mass cannot travel at the speed of light. Uh. 0:52:45.239 --> 0:52:47.800 The only reason photons can travel at the speed of 0:52:47.880 --> 0:52:50.400 light is that they have no actual mass. They have 0:52:50.840 --> 0:52:55.200 relativistic mass, but that's different and outside the the needs 0:52:55.200 --> 0:52:57.200 for us to have a discussion here. But they don't 0:52:57.200 --> 0:53:00.000 have any real actual mass, so they can they can 0:53:00.280 --> 0:53:02.680 do this. They in fact, they have to. They have 0:53:02.719 --> 0:53:04.920 no option. They travel the speed of light. That's what 0:53:04.960 --> 0:53:08.560 it is. But but anything that has mass cannot. As 0:53:08.640 --> 0:53:13.480 you get closer to the speed of light, you get heavier, 0:53:13.560 --> 0:53:16.080 is a good way of putting it. You get your 0:53:16.160 --> 0:53:21.960 your your your weight, your mass really increases and it's 0:53:22.080 --> 0:53:25.799 kind of like imagine you're in a hallway and there's 0:53:25.800 --> 0:53:27.839 a door at the end of the hallway aerial, and 0:53:28.680 --> 0:53:33.680 you're allowed to start walking towards that door. But I've 0:53:33.719 --> 0:53:40.280 given you an a small requirement which is that each 0:53:40.440 --> 0:53:43.759 step you take has to be half as long as 0:53:43.760 --> 0:53:46.279 the last step you took. So let's say you take 0:53:46.280 --> 0:53:48.360 a normal step, Well, your next step needs to be 0:53:48.400 --> 0:53:50.440 half that, and your next step has to be half that, 0:53:50.920 --> 0:53:55.239 and then half that. Because of that having you're never 0:53:55.239 --> 0:53:56.719 going to reach the door at the end of the 0:53:56.719 --> 0:54:00.000 hallway because you're you're constantly moving forward, but at increase 0:54:00.280 --> 0:54:05.520 incrementally smaller distances. Same thing happens when you try and 0:54:05.560 --> 0:54:08.480 get closer to the speed of light. You can start 0:54:08.520 --> 0:54:11.400 to approach it, but you're never gonna hit it, which 0:54:11.400 --> 0:54:13.560 means you you can't go past it. Right if you're 0:54:13.560 --> 0:54:15.680 never even gonna achieve the speed of light. If you 0:54:15.719 --> 0:54:20.440 have mass, you cannot possibly go faster. Also, the thing 0:54:20.480 --> 0:54:23.120 we have to keep in mind, this is something that 0:54:23.200 --> 0:54:26.520 science fiction largely does away with in most cases, hard 0:54:26.520 --> 0:54:30.520 science fiction not so much, but like casual entertainment, is 0:54:30.560 --> 0:54:35.360 that as you get faster, time relative to somebody else 0:54:35.719 --> 0:54:40.640 appears to be passing at a different rate. So if 0:54:40.719 --> 0:54:43.160 I were staying here on Earth because I'm boring, but 0:54:43.320 --> 0:54:47.160 you aerial, we're jumping in your space hot rod to 0:54:47.280 --> 0:54:51.960 go light speed to someplace and then come back like 0:54:52.040 --> 0:54:55.040 you do. When you come back to me, it would 0:54:55.040 --> 0:54:57.839 seem as though time had barely passed at all for you, 0:54:58.480 --> 0:55:03.120 that that you were you were, you know, remarkably young, 0:55:03.600 --> 0:55:05.560 and to you it would seem as though time had 0:55:05.600 --> 0:55:08.560 traveled very fast for me and that I had aged 0:55:08.680 --> 0:55:12.839 quite a bit. For both of us, in our individual experiences, 0:55:13.040 --> 0:55:16.080 time would pass exactly the same as it always would. 0:55:16.160 --> 0:55:18.439 If we were each wearing a watch. The seconds would 0:55:18.480 --> 0:55:21.279 be taking away exactly the way they would if we 0:55:21.280 --> 0:55:24.359 were standing next to each other. It's only through our 0:55:24.719 --> 0:55:29.120 relative perspectives that we perceive a difference in the passage 0:55:29.120 --> 0:55:31.560 of time. That would also be an issue if you 0:55:31.600 --> 0:55:33.919 were to travel faster than light. If you were able 0:55:33.960 --> 0:55:38.480 to do that, you would technically be traveling faster than 0:55:38.560 --> 0:55:42.000 how things happen, so you'd be traveling back in time. 0:55:42.920 --> 0:55:46.719 Because imagine that you turn on a flashlight and then 0:55:46.760 --> 0:55:49.279 you travel in the same direction as where you were 0:55:49.280 --> 0:55:52.360 pointing the flashlight, but you go faster than light. You 0:55:52.360 --> 0:55:56.279 would get to your destination before the light could get 0:55:56.280 --> 0:55:59.719 to you, uh from when you turned it on when 0:55:59.719 --> 0:56:02.120 you were back on earth, which means that when you 0:56:02.200 --> 0:56:03.880 did see the light, you would be looking into the 0:56:03.920 --> 0:56:07.560 past of Earth and see the moment where you had 0:56:07.640 --> 0:56:10.480 done something before you did it, and you start to 0:56:10.480 --> 0:56:15.080 get in some really difficult causal paradoxes as well. So 0:56:15.160 --> 0:56:19.120 faster than light travel physically impossible as far as we 0:56:19.200 --> 0:56:25.480 understand physics, and would also have to require some really 0:56:26.120 --> 0:56:30.960 timey whiney stuff if we were. That's a lot faster 0:56:31.080 --> 0:56:36.560 than back to the future, says with our anyhow, you 0:56:36.600 --> 0:56:39.120 know you say that. But Star Wars and Star Trek 0:56:39.239 --> 0:56:42.640 both kind of when they travel faster than light, they 0:56:42.680 --> 0:56:46.720 aren't accounting for just traveling in space. There either breaking 0:56:46.800 --> 0:56:50.520 a hole through space. It's hyper space and hyper drive, 0:56:51.800 --> 0:56:55.279 which is just basically creating a forced dimension and going 0:56:55.320 --> 0:56:57.239 in one place and coming out another to the point 0:56:57.320 --> 0:57:00.520 that the actual objects around you, the stars, eaters, things 0:57:00.560 --> 0:57:02.719 like that, aren't there. There are shadows there, which is 0:57:02.760 --> 0:57:04.040 great because you don't want to come out in the 0:57:04.040 --> 0:57:08.920 middle of a meteor. But but so to me, it's 0:57:09.000 --> 0:57:12.520 kind of like a wormhole. They're not They're not saying 0:57:12.520 --> 0:57:14.960 I'm traveling through space faster than like. They're saying I'm 0:57:15.000 --> 0:57:19.840 traveling so fast that I'm breaking through space to the 0:57:19.840 --> 0:57:23.120 other side, break right onto the other side. Both of 0:57:23.120 --> 0:57:25.480 these are interesting, right, And Star Trek, it's not that 0:57:25.520 --> 0:57:27.320 they're breaking from one side of space to the other. 0:57:27.360 --> 0:57:29.280 So they're going into one of those different dimensions which 0:57:29.280 --> 0:57:32.560 you talked about. We we they theoretically exist, but we 0:57:32.600 --> 0:57:34.840 can't do anything with them with them. But in Star Trek, 0:57:35.360 --> 0:57:37.240 you know, they aren't breaking through like in Star Wars. 0:57:37.640 --> 0:57:41.680 They're going into subspace through covered in a warp bubble 0:57:41.840 --> 0:57:44.600 and coming back out the other side. So which is similar? 0:57:44.640 --> 0:57:47.640 I guess they're similar. They're similar, So let's let's think 0:57:47.640 --> 0:57:52.760 about these interns. So hyperspace means generally that you're you're 0:57:52.800 --> 0:57:56.960 opening up some sort of interdimensional portal and passing through 0:57:57.000 --> 0:58:00.160 it and then coming out of an interdimensional portal on 0:58:00.200 --> 0:58:04.080 the other side that is located in a different point 0:58:04.400 --> 0:58:07.880 within space, and you still have to travel in between 0:58:07.920 --> 0:58:11.760 the two, and there's no guarantee that the two portals 0:58:11.760 --> 0:58:13.720 are going to be super close together. So you go 0:58:13.760 --> 0:58:16.200 into hyperspace, you might be in hyperspace for a while 0:58:16.760 --> 0:58:20.120 as you travel through this enter dimension or this other dimension, 0:58:20.240 --> 0:58:22.720 and then you come out the other interdimensional portal to 0:58:22.800 --> 0:58:28.640 your destination. Um Hyperspace has its problems, largely also because 0:58:28.680 --> 0:58:32.920 of episode eight of Star Wars, it totally messes with 0:58:33.080 --> 0:58:37.440 the way hyperspace works in Star Wars because spoiler alert 0:58:37.440 --> 0:58:40.160 if you haven't seen episode eight, but a character named 0:58:40.520 --> 0:58:45.800 Whole No she she she has the ultimate sacrifice by 0:58:45.840 --> 0:58:49.800 taking a rebellionship or actually a republic ship I guess, 0:58:50.320 --> 0:58:54.320 and making it jump into hyperspace right into a star 0:58:54.400 --> 0:58:59.600 destroyer in order to ram it essentially do a hyperspace ram. 0:58:59.640 --> 0:59:03.880 But uh, that kind of ignores the lore of how 0:59:03.960 --> 0:59:07.360 hyperspace works from previous Star Wars entries where you're going 0:59:07.360 --> 0:59:11.240 into this extra dimension where you wouldn't really pass through 0:59:12.000 --> 0:59:15.240 an object physically in our dimension that way. However, you 0:59:15.360 --> 0:59:20.960 emerged from hyperspace within one of those things, then uh, 0:59:21.280 --> 0:59:24.600 that would be bad. You would die, right like if 0:59:24.600 --> 0:59:26.520 you were to emerge in the middle of a supernova, 0:59:26.600 --> 0:59:31.080 your ship would be consumed. So either that maneuver shouldn't 0:59:31.120 --> 0:59:33.120 have worked at all because she would have just jumped 0:59:33.280 --> 0:59:36.040 through that ship in the other dimension and nothing would 0:59:36.040 --> 0:59:39.520 have happened. Um or if it did work, why the 0:59:39.560 --> 0:59:44.400 heck wasn't anyone using just just mass just ships with 0:59:44.440 --> 0:59:48.160 a hyper drive no one on board, and use those 0:59:48.160 --> 0:59:51.720 like torpedoes like you could literally just you can plot 0:59:51.720 --> 0:59:54.600 a course. They always use a computer to plot the 0:59:54.600 --> 0:59:57.440 course because without it, there's no guarantee that you wouldn't 0:59:57.440 --> 1:00:00.800 emerge in the middle of an asteroid belt, for example, 1:00:02.000 --> 1:00:04.680 So they use computers to plot their course. Why not 1:00:04.760 --> 1:00:09.160 just plot your course get off the ship. You don't 1:00:09.200 --> 1:00:12.160 have to sacrifice yourself. You can still have that happen. 1:00:12.200 --> 1:00:14.680 And then that would also mean if you work backward. Well, 1:00:14.680 --> 1:00:18.080 if that's possible, then why not just use that for 1:00:18.160 --> 1:00:21.400 the original death start for example? Why have this very 1:00:21.520 --> 1:00:24.200 risky run on the death Star. So they kind of 1:00:24.520 --> 1:00:28.600 wrote themselves into a plot hole corner there with that 1:00:28.680 --> 1:00:33.080 one um with the warp drive. The interesting thing there 1:00:33.120 --> 1:00:37.160 areal is that the concept is kind of cool. Think 1:00:37.160 --> 1:00:39.840 of think of having a map, right and you know 1:00:39.880 --> 1:00:42.920 where Atlanta is and you know where Los Angeles is. 1:00:43.720 --> 1:00:46.760 Those are not close together right at all. It would 1:00:46.760 --> 1:00:49.080 be a very long drive from Atlanta to Los Angeles 1:00:49.520 --> 1:00:52.400 couple of days. What if you were able to fold 1:00:52.440 --> 1:00:55.520 the map so that Los Angeles and Atlanta right next 1:00:55.560 --> 1:00:58.000 to each other, and it's a half hour drive between 1:00:58.040 --> 1:00:59.720 the two, and it's just because you get to skip 1:00:59.720 --> 1:01:02.720 all the middle part. But then I wouldn't see the 1:01:02.720 --> 1:01:06.240 world's biggest ball as they are. And if you're going 1:01:06.400 --> 1:01:09.320 up to Minnesota so that you can go to Los Angeles, 1:01:09.360 --> 1:01:13.640 you have got crazy route planning skills. Um, yeah, so 1:01:13.680 --> 1:01:16.120 if you. But but you get my point, the idea 1:01:16.200 --> 1:01:19.560 being that instead of the Star Trek gets around the 1:01:19.600 --> 1:01:23.720 idea faster than light by saying we're not really traveling 1:01:23.760 --> 1:01:27.000 faster than light. What we're doing is we're warping space 1:01:27.120 --> 1:01:31.600 time around the ship. We're using this warp bubble to 1:01:32.440 --> 1:01:36.160 pass through time and space, uh at a rate that 1:01:36.280 --> 1:01:39.080 would be faster than light if we were traveling a 1:01:39.120 --> 1:01:41.560 straight line. But we're not traveling a straight line. We're 1:01:41.560 --> 1:01:44.680 folding space in on itself so that we're getting so 1:01:44.720 --> 1:01:47.720 that there's less distance between point A and point B. 1:01:48.240 --> 1:01:51.000 And when we say go warp four or warp five 1:01:51.240 --> 1:01:55.640 or warp six, that's describing the extent to which we 1:01:55.680 --> 1:01:58.439 are warping space in order for us to do this, 1:01:59.320 --> 1:02:01.600 which would leave to one of the dumbest episodes of 1:02:01.640 --> 1:02:03.600 Star Trek the Next Generation, where they would have to 1:02:03.600 --> 1:02:08.160 come up with a universal warp speed limit because they 1:02:08.160 --> 1:02:14.680 were ripping spacetime apart um so that in theory is possible. 1:02:15.160 --> 1:02:18.960 It's it's something that people have actually worked on as 1:02:19.000 --> 1:02:22.120 a possibility of the idea of warping spacetime in order 1:02:22.160 --> 1:02:25.800 to travel faster. Now, I say in theory, because in 1:02:25.840 --> 1:02:29.040 reality to do it, you would need so much energy 1:02:29.160 --> 1:02:32.439 that it's the equivalent of, say the mass of an 1:02:32.600 --> 1:02:40.440 entire galaxy. So remember that the relationship between mass and 1:02:40.560 --> 1:02:45.400 energy is E equals mc squared. Energy equals mass times 1:02:45.440 --> 1:02:49.920 the speed of light multiplied by itself. That's an enormous number. 1:02:50.480 --> 1:02:52.440 So if you're looking even if you're looking at like 1:02:52.520 --> 1:02:58.720 a son's mass of energy, that is a pun intended 1:02:58.760 --> 1:03:03.480 and astronomical number, and that means that it is not 1:03:03.600 --> 1:03:07.240 likely to ever happen because it just requires way too 1:03:07.320 --> 1:03:09.280 much energy. And then you would have to continue to 1:03:09.320 --> 1:03:12.040 operate it. That would just be to start it. So 1:03:12.120 --> 1:03:15.840 to actually travel anywhere doing that, you would have to overcome, 1:03:16.480 --> 1:03:19.280 at least, based on our understanding right now, you would 1:03:19.320 --> 1:03:23.960 have to overcome energy requirements that are far beyond anything 1:03:24.000 --> 1:03:27.000 we can even conceive right now, Like we're we're still 1:03:27.040 --> 1:03:30.120 struggling here on Earth to meet our own energy demands 1:03:30.640 --> 1:03:35.520 without destroying the planet's ecosystem through the burning of fossil fuels. 1:03:35.560 --> 1:03:39.160 We are well beyond the ability to create a warp 1:03:39.240 --> 1:03:44.000 drive based on those energy needs. Well, you're you're right, 1:03:44.360 --> 1:03:48.000 You're very right. Uh, but there's at least some sci 1:03:48.040 --> 1:03:51.200 fi travel that we're not well beyond our capabilities to create, 1:03:51.320 --> 1:03:57.160 like hovercraft. Ok Okay, you say hovercraft, what do you 1:03:57.200 --> 1:04:01.880 mean by that? Well, it kind of flying cars, which 1:04:02.000 --> 1:04:04.240 we have some prototypes. They don't exactly work like they 1:04:04.320 --> 1:04:06.680 do in the sci fi world. But okay, I'm gonna 1:04:06.720 --> 1:04:09.360 I'm gonna bring it down to the simplest, the little hovercraft, 1:04:09.480 --> 1:04:13.560 skateboard and back to the future. Okay, okay, all right, 1:04:13.600 --> 1:04:20.640 well I'll say it this way. Under very restrictive circumstances, 1:04:21.640 --> 1:04:26.640 we can do something that would look similar to what 1:04:26.680 --> 1:04:29.880 we see in Back to the Future with hovering skateboards, 1:04:30.400 --> 1:04:33.520 except that you wouldn't be able to like actually use 1:04:33.560 --> 1:04:37.000 them as a skateboard, which would be kind of a bummer. Okay, 1:04:37.040 --> 1:04:38.800 so let's talk. Because you just don't have that much 1:04:38.840 --> 1:04:41.760 magnetic track to push yourself along. Well, not not that, 1:04:41.880 --> 1:04:45.520 but that your weight would push it down, like you 1:04:45.560 --> 1:04:49.240 would be too heavy for it to support. So um 1:04:49.280 --> 1:04:52.840 not you specifically areal I mean any person. Yeah, that 1:04:52.960 --> 1:04:57.840 wasn't a that wasn't a dig. So using magnets to hover, 1:04:57.960 --> 1:05:00.040 that's totally possible. Like we can we can do a 1:05:00.240 --> 1:05:03.040 just with regular permanent magnets. Like you probably have seen 1:05:03.080 --> 1:05:06.400 little toys where you've got like a pedestal and a 1:05:06.480 --> 1:05:08.720 stick and you put a little disc magnet down on 1:05:08.760 --> 1:05:11.800 the stick and it floats above the pedestal. That's because 1:05:11.840 --> 1:05:16.680 the magnetic fields are are they have the same magnetic 1:05:16.720 --> 1:05:22.320 pole facing one another because like, uh, like repulses. Like so, 1:05:22.360 --> 1:05:24.800 if you have the north pole of one magnet pointing 1:05:24.840 --> 1:05:27.560 towards the north pole of a second magnet, you can 1:05:27.600 --> 1:05:30.439 feel them pushing against each other. I'm sure anyone who's 1:05:30.440 --> 1:05:33.760 played with magnets has experienced this. If you flip one 1:05:33.760 --> 1:05:36.160 of those around so that the north pole of one 1:05:36.160 --> 1:05:37.960 in the south pole the other are facing each other, 1:05:38.320 --> 1:05:41.880 they attract and they'll stick together. So if you did 1:05:41.960 --> 1:05:45.680 have a magnetic surface, um, and let's say it's the 1:05:45.720 --> 1:05:48.720 north pole of that magnetic surfaces pointing up whether it's 1:05:48.720 --> 1:05:52.360 an electro magnet or a permanent magnet or whatever, and 1:05:52.440 --> 1:05:55.760 you had another set of permanent magnets or electro magnets. 1:05:55.800 --> 1:05:59.200 Also with the same pole facing down, you can in 1:05:59.240 --> 1:06:03.760 fact levitate above them. That's how maglev trains work. They 1:06:03.800 --> 1:06:06.320 either use permanent magnets or they use electro magnets, or 1:06:06.360 --> 1:06:10.040 a combination of the two, and they create this levitation 1:06:10.560 --> 1:06:15.480 through those opposed wealth the same poles facing one another essentially, 1:06:16.200 --> 1:06:19.200 so it does work. But of course the ground is 1:06:19.240 --> 1:06:24.640 not magically all magnetically oriented the same way, so we 1:06:24.680 --> 1:06:29.480 can't we can't have yeah, yeah, boy, we can dream, 1:06:29.520 --> 1:06:32.520 but you know, you can't have like a just a 1:06:32.640 --> 1:06:36.600 board that hovers over this. One thing that also I 1:06:36.640 --> 1:06:39.320 wanted to mention though, is that we were talking about 1:06:39.320 --> 1:06:43.120 super conductors earlier. If you get a super conductive material 1:06:43.960 --> 1:06:47.320 and you you really get it super cold, and you 1:06:47.400 --> 1:06:52.320 get magnets set up. Uh. One of the interesting things 1:06:52.400 --> 1:06:56.240 about about getting the temperature of a material that cold, 1:06:56.280 --> 1:06:58.959 a super conductive material that cold, is that you get 1:06:59.200 --> 1:07:02.360 was called like a quantum lock, a magnetic lock on 1:07:02.480 --> 1:07:08.040 that it locks out fields magnetic fields from the substance, 1:07:08.680 --> 1:07:11.040 but as long as the substance has some imperfections in it, 1:07:11.360 --> 1:07:15.280 some magnetic fields will get through. This means that if 1:07:15.320 --> 1:07:17.200 you have let's let's say as you've got a bed 1:07:17.240 --> 1:07:21.600 of magnets just in a in a strip from one 1:07:21.600 --> 1:07:23.280 to the other, and they're all connected to each other 1:07:23.320 --> 1:07:25.040 because you have north pole to south Pole to north 1:07:25.040 --> 1:07:26.720 Pole to south pole to north Pole to south pole. 1:07:26.880 --> 1:07:29.880 So you've got a chain of these magnets. You put 1:07:30.120 --> 1:07:34.640 the super cool material over this chain of magnets, it 1:07:34.680 --> 1:07:38.920 will lock into place, uh, with its orientation with regard 1:07:39.000 --> 1:07:40.920 to those magnets, and you could just give it a 1:07:40.920 --> 1:07:44.400 little tap and it'll just float right over those magnets 1:07:44.560 --> 1:07:49.320 or right under the magnets. Like it'll just magically seem 1:07:49.400 --> 1:07:52.160 to to lock into place at whatever distance you've put it. 1:07:52.160 --> 1:07:55.600 As long as you're within the magnetic field of those magnets, 1:07:55.960 --> 1:07:57.880 it will stay in that place. If you tilt it 1:07:57.960 --> 1:08:01.160 a certain way, it will maintain that same tilt as 1:08:01.160 --> 1:08:04.960 it floats over or under the path of magnets. The 1:08:05.000 --> 1:08:07.280 first time I ever saw this on YouTube, it blew 1:08:07.320 --> 1:08:09.560 my mind. I was I was like, this is trippy, 1:08:09.720 --> 1:08:13.200 and uh, it is an incredible thing, but again not 1:08:13.400 --> 1:08:16.599 something we could do in our day to day world, 1:08:16.640 --> 1:08:19.559 in our real lives. There are other methods like the 1:08:19.560 --> 1:08:22.880 flying cars you mentioned, where you can use things like propellers, 1:08:22.960 --> 1:08:25.679 jet engines, that kind of stuff, but you're not using 1:08:25.760 --> 1:08:29.599 magnetic levitation. There's also other types of levitation. There's acoustic levitation, 1:08:29.600 --> 1:08:32.400 where you're using sound waves, but again not something that 1:08:32.520 --> 1:08:36.160 you could easily do with a vehicle. So there are 1:08:36.200 --> 1:08:38.639 ways we can make flying vehicles, and there are ways 1:08:38.680 --> 1:08:43.080 that we can make cool experiments with hovering materials, but 1:08:43.600 --> 1:08:46.759 not at the level that we see in science fiction. Sadly, 1:08:46.800 --> 1:08:48.880 I remember even when Back to the Future two came 1:08:48.920 --> 1:08:54.720 out and they actually perpetuated the rumor that there were 1:08:54.760 --> 1:08:59.880 in fact those real skateboards, but mauntel uh uh did 1:09:00.320 --> 1:09:02.920 would they withdrew all of them from the market for 1:09:02.960 --> 1:09:05.920 fear of lawsuits, but that they really did exist, and 1:09:05.960 --> 1:09:10.120 that was all just a publicity stunt. And I think 1:09:10.160 --> 1:09:12.479 I think with that, while we still have other things 1:09:12.479 --> 1:09:15.200 we could talk about Ariel, because we didn't even touch 1:09:15.200 --> 1:09:18.240 on teleportation or any of that other stuff, But then 1:09:18.320 --> 1:09:19.960 I think we're gonna have to call it quits because 1:09:19.960 --> 1:09:23.559 this has already been a second epic long episode of 1:09:23.560 --> 1:09:26.400 tech stuff and if I go any longer, tari will 1:09:26.439 --> 1:09:29.559 kill me. And we don't want that. No, because we 1:09:29.640 --> 1:09:34.360 needed to continue to edit and produce Large Nerdrun Collider, which, again, 1:09:35.080 --> 1:09:38.400 for you out there who aren't familiar, Ariel and I 1:09:38.479 --> 1:09:41.920 have a new show on I Heart Radio called The 1:09:42.000 --> 1:09:46.120 Large Nerdrun Collider, which is actually version two point oh 1:09:46.120 --> 1:09:49.160 of that show. The show existed several years ago, where 1:09:49.160 --> 1:09:51.920 we talk about pop culture news. We do deep dives 1:09:51.920 --> 1:09:56.040 into topics that are important in the Gecko sphere, and 1:09:56.080 --> 1:10:02.840 we also mash up different properties and different concepts within 1:10:03.600 --> 1:10:07.400 speculative fiction and pop culture to find out what happens 1:10:07.720 --> 1:10:13.200 when people stop being polite and start getting real. I 1:10:13.200 --> 1:10:16.240 don't know if any of my listeners even recognize that reference. 1:10:18.280 --> 1:10:21.519 If if you're of the MTV generation and you understood 1:10:21.600 --> 1:10:23.839 what I was just referring to, give me a tweet 1:10:23.880 --> 1:10:26.639 tech stuff h s W, I'm curious here or Ellen 1:10:26.680 --> 1:10:30.760 c Underscore podcast that's the other Twitter feed and and 1:10:32.400 --> 1:10:35.599 I think you'll really enjoy those. One of the nice 1:10:35.640 --> 1:10:38.479 things about the l NC episodes is that Ariel gets 1:10:38.479 --> 1:10:42.000 to talk a lot more that on tech stuff. I mean, 1:10:42.160 --> 1:10:45.120 I could talk more, but you're the expert on these things, 1:10:45.240 --> 1:10:51.639 so yeah, experts of the experts, weighty words, but I'll 1:10:51.640 --> 1:10:55.479 take it you're less ignorant on some of how these 1:10:55.520 --> 1:10:58.599 things actually work. So fair enough, I'm happy to let 1:10:58.600 --> 1:11:01.360 you talk and learn some things in the process, and 1:11:01.360 --> 1:11:03.960 it's been a lot of fun. Thanks for having me absolutely, 1:11:04.000 --> 1:11:06.360 thank you for joining us. And and guys, make sure 1:11:06.400 --> 1:11:09.040 you go and check out the large Nerdron Collider. We've 1:11:09.080 --> 1:11:12.760 got some great episodes already in the can. They are 1:11:12.960 --> 1:11:17.000 live right now. You can use whatever pod catching app 1:11:17.160 --> 1:11:21.040 you like to subscribe to it and you'll be able 1:11:21.080 --> 1:11:24.680 to hear our thoughts about, you know, important stuff that's 1:11:24.720 --> 1:11:28.040 going on in the world's of geek culture and pop culture, 1:11:28.600 --> 1:11:31.960 and also our our flights of fancy, which are a 1:11:31.960 --> 1:11:34.160 lot of fun for us to do. There's been some 1:11:34.360 --> 1:11:41.120 very creative uh mash ups already. I'm so happy about them. Yeah, 1:11:41.280 --> 1:11:44.799 they're they're pretty entertaining, if I do say so myself. 1:11:45.479 --> 1:11:48.400 I hope you liked that classic episode. I guess it's 1:11:48.439 --> 1:11:52.080 not classic two year old episode of tech Stuff. And 1:11:52.200 --> 1:11:55.200 if you have suggestions, remember reach out to me on Twitter. 1:11:55.320 --> 1:11:58.000 The handle for the show is tech Stuff hs w 1:11:58.640 --> 1:12:01.439 all one word and I'll be on the lookout for it. 1:12:01.560 --> 1:12:05.320 I'm eager to see your suggestions for topics and guests 1:12:05.400 --> 1:12:07.360 I should have on the show, and I'll talk to 1:12:07.400 --> 1:12:15.920 you again really soon. Y Text Stuff is an I 1:12:16.040 --> 1:12:19.519 heart Radio production. For more podcasts from I heart Radio, 1:12:19.840 --> 1:12:23.040 visit the i heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever 1:12:23.120 --> 1:12:24.639 you listen to your favorite shows.