WEBVTT - Can the sun kill you? 0:00:00.280 --> 0:00:02.840 Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 0:00:03.160 --> 0:00:07.560 It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff You Should Know 0:00:08.160 --> 0:00:16.520 from House toff works dot com? Hey, and welcome to 0:00:16.520 --> 0:00:20.040 the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. Chuff Bryant. 0:00:20.160 --> 0:00:24.440 You may know us better as Joanie and Chocci. All right, 0:00:24.720 --> 0:00:28.520 that's y SK Morning Edition. Yeah. I literally have had 0:00:28.520 --> 0:00:31.480 two SIPs and coffee. This is an unusual recording time. 0:00:31.640 --> 0:00:34.559 I'm not done. This is Stuff you should know, the 0:00:34.600 --> 0:00:40.040 podcast from the revered website how Stuff Works dot com. Hey, 0:00:40.080 --> 0:00:43.280 there are employers, Hey, they are, and there where we 0:00:43.360 --> 0:00:46.800 get all of our information, right, that's right, most of it. Yeah. 0:00:46.880 --> 0:00:49.839 There's been like maybe two or three podcasts that we've 0:00:49.880 --> 0:00:52.080 done that didn't come from articles off the site. Yeah, 0:00:52.120 --> 0:00:55.520 but that's the basis, right, Okay, sure, and now everybody 0:00:55.560 --> 0:00:57.600 knows the secret. You can all go back to bed, right, 0:00:58.160 --> 0:01:00.360 I'd like to go back to bed. I know you, Chuck, 0:01:00.400 --> 0:01:02.480 you've been here since six thirty this morning. I know 0:01:02.560 --> 0:01:05.360 I have. And like you said, that's two SIPs of coffee, 0:01:05.360 --> 0:01:08.080 whereas when we usually record, you have had seventeen cups 0:01:08.080 --> 0:01:12.600 of coffee. This is gonna be an unusually sedate podcast 0:01:12.600 --> 0:01:17.560 about the Sun. Yes, this is almost almost Sun Take two. 0:01:18.120 --> 0:01:19.640 I think I feel like this might make up a 0:01:19.640 --> 0:01:21.959 little bit for the awful suncast we did. I don't. 0:01:22.000 --> 0:01:24.280 I don't think that's correct, and I don't think it's 0:01:24.280 --> 0:01:26.399 sound take too. I think the Sun comes in for 0:01:26.440 --> 0:01:29.520 a guest appearance, a cameo, if you will. But there's 0:01:29.560 --> 0:01:31.679 nothing that's ever gonna make up for how the Sun works, 0:01:32.520 --> 0:01:35.960 although there was something. Um, I think my favorite fact 0:01:36.319 --> 0:01:40.320 from the Sun podcast was that you remember in the 0:01:40.400 --> 0:01:44.800 core of the Sun, Um, there's just helium bouncing all 0:01:44.840 --> 0:01:48.520 over the place, and um, what I think a proton 0:01:48.600 --> 0:01:51.080 gets loose or a neutron and it gets picked up 0:01:51.080 --> 0:01:54.000 by something else, and like, this change in mass is 0:01:54.520 --> 0:01:58.160 displaced energy, and it displaced energy takes the form of 0:01:58.160 --> 0:02:01.120 a photon, remember the tiny packet of light. Here's the 0:02:01.200 --> 0:02:03.080 here's the kicker, and I know you remember this. It 0:02:03.160 --> 0:02:06.960 takes a photon a hundred thousand years to travel from 0:02:07.040 --> 0:02:10.440 the core of the Sun to the surface, and then 0:02:10.480 --> 0:02:12.440 once it leaves the Sun, it takes eight minutes to 0:02:12.480 --> 0:02:18.000 get the Earth. That's pretty cool, but yeah, a hundred 0:02:18.000 --> 0:02:20.560 thousand years. So the light that hits your skin, Chuck, 0:02:21.200 --> 0:02:25.560 is a hundred thousand years and eight minutes old. Wow, 0:02:26.160 --> 0:02:28.799 didn't take it that way, Well now you will. That's 0:02:28.800 --> 0:02:31.440 a great sun fact. So, um, I I have a 0:02:31.440 --> 0:02:36.680 better intro than that. Alright, Apollo seventeen, Yeah, the last 0:02:36.680 --> 0:02:41.440 Apollo mission ninety two. These guys are training to go 0:02:41.520 --> 0:02:43.720 to the Moon one last time. Let's get some people 0:02:43.760 --> 0:02:47.280 on on on the moon. Right, Um, Nixon's in office. 0:02:47.320 --> 0:02:51.320 Everybody's really unhappy. Um, So they're training, but there's a 0:02:51.360 --> 0:02:54.360 huge problem. There's a predicted solar flare coming, and not 0:02:54.440 --> 0:02:57.600 just any solar flare, a megaflare. Chuck. The last one 0:02:58.000 --> 0:03:02.520 scene of such magnitude was a hundred and fifty years before. Right, 0:03:02.600 --> 0:03:06.680 What does it do? Solar flare? Megaflare? You know? Solar 0:03:06.720 --> 0:03:10.959 flare shoots protons um out, like highly radioactive protons out 0:03:10.960 --> 0:03:15.360 into the pound of space and at Earth. Right, Earth 0:03:15.360 --> 0:03:17.720 has a magnetic field that deflects these things, or else 0:03:17.760 --> 0:03:22.240 they'd hit Earth's surface and us these radioactive protons at 0:03:22.240 --> 0:03:26.280 about a million to three million kilometers per hour. So 0:03:26.320 --> 0:03:28.959 what's a mega just a souped up version of that. Well, 0:03:29.000 --> 0:03:32.000 that's that's the Mega version. Yes, so say half a 0:03:32.040 --> 0:03:35.160 million kilometers an hour. It's way more protons. They're way 0:03:35.240 --> 0:03:37.600 more radioactive, and they reach much further out in space. 0:03:37.640 --> 0:03:40.480 It's just like a huge cough from the Sun, you know. 0:03:40.560 --> 0:03:42.800 Like I said, we have a magnetic field. The Moon 0:03:42.880 --> 0:03:46.240 does not have a magnetic field. So any astronauts standing 0:03:46.280 --> 0:03:48.720 on the Moon when the solar flare erupted would have 0:03:48.760 --> 0:03:52.200 gotten shot through with these radioactive protons and either would 0:03:52.200 --> 0:03:55.400 have been burned on the spot or would have just 0:03:55.520 --> 0:03:59.080 received a lace lethal dose of radiation sickness. So they 0:03:59.120 --> 0:04:02.400 called it offer with postponed it. Luckily, the solar flare 0:04:02.400 --> 0:04:06.720 occurred between Apolo sixteen and Apollo seventeen, so Apolo seventeen 0:04:06.760 --> 0:04:09.600 went up on December second, nineteen seventy two. I think 0:04:09.920 --> 0:04:12.240 um and the solar flare took place in August of 0:04:12.320 --> 0:04:15.000 nineteen seventy two, so they escaped it by six months 0:04:15.080 --> 0:04:16.919 or so. But isn't it crazy that they could have 0:04:17.080 --> 0:04:20.080 conceivably been standing on the Moon and just been like 0:04:21.040 --> 0:04:24.640 like some of the movies. It kind of like, um Sunshine, 0:04:25.520 --> 0:04:27.560 Oh yeah, you saw that. I didn't think you saw that. 0:04:27.880 --> 0:04:31.520 I remember we talked about the first half was too classic. Yeah, 0:04:31.760 --> 0:04:33.560 I've never seen a movie go off the rails like that, 0:04:34.000 --> 0:04:36.920 but I know it was so good. It was astounding. 0:04:37.000 --> 0:04:39.040 I know I really wanted it to finish off because 0:04:39.240 --> 0:04:42.480 Danny Boils the best. I was. I'm on team Boil 0:04:42.560 --> 0:04:46.159 all the way you are. Um. But it raises the question. 0:04:47.080 --> 0:04:50.080 It raises an interesting point because I think we all 0:04:50.080 --> 0:04:52.479 know the answer to the question post in this podcast. 0:04:52.520 --> 0:04:55.080 Can the Sun kill you? Chuck? This is a Chuck 0:04:55.200 --> 0:04:59.560 Bryant special. It's a little elementary. I thought, I disagree 0:04:59.600 --> 0:05:01.760 when was it from. It's from a long time ago, 0:05:01.800 --> 0:05:04.680 but I don't know, like my introductions back in the 0:05:04.760 --> 0:05:07.800 day were I thought they were like written for grade school. 0:05:07.880 --> 0:05:09.880 Do you want to read the first sentence? I wanted 0:05:09.920 --> 0:05:12.080 to almost get Robert Laman here to do a dramatic 0:05:12.080 --> 0:05:15.400 reading just to the first sentence. Anyone he's ever made 0:05:15.400 --> 0:05:17.479 it through the fifth grade can probably tell you that 0:05:17.560 --> 0:05:22.000 the sun is a star. I think it's funny how somebody, 0:05:22.120 --> 0:05:24.839 I imagine your editor went back and was like, well, 0:05:24.880 --> 0:05:27.520 there's not necessarily every person that we can say with 0:05:27.600 --> 0:05:29.480 confidence can tell you that if you've made it through 0:05:29.520 --> 0:05:34.120 fifth grade, So let's put probably in there. Yeah, so Josh, 0:05:34.320 --> 0:05:38.200 the answer can the sun kill you is most certainly yes, 0:05:38.360 --> 0:05:42.240 resounding yes, and not just by standing on the moon 0:05:42.800 --> 0:05:46.880 in a megaflare. Yeah. Um, there's plenty of ways here 0:05:46.880 --> 0:05:49.800 on earth that the sun can get you. Basically, the 0:05:49.839 --> 0:05:52.719 point of this podcast is don't ever leave your house again, right, 0:05:53.240 --> 0:05:56.960 that's right? And you, Mr tan Man, I gotta do 0:05:57.000 --> 0:06:01.120 you know where sunscreen? Um? I you? I wear seventy 0:06:01.160 --> 0:06:03.960 on my face. I swear to God, I wear seventy. 0:06:04.120 --> 0:06:06.000 And why is it every time you come in, like 0:06:06.080 --> 0:06:09.360 on a Monday, you'll have like this bronze dark face 0:06:09.440 --> 0:06:13.039 and he's like, oh's at the beach? So I have, um, 0:06:13.080 --> 0:06:23.200 either Greco, Italian Jewish or some Mediterranean possibly Native American 0:06:23.320 --> 0:06:27.240 in me somewhere down the line popping up. I tan 0:06:27.440 --> 0:06:31.159 extremely well. But if you've got on seventy, you can't tan? 0:06:32.160 --> 0:06:35.920 So how's it defeating the sun block? Clearly I can't, 0:06:35.960 --> 0:06:37.840 and I promise you I really do wear seventy. I 0:06:37.880 --> 0:06:39.880 don't wear and just can't like I should. I know, 0:06:39.920 --> 0:06:42.160 and I appreciate that. Um, I don't wear as much 0:06:42.200 --> 0:06:46.679 sun block as I should, but um, like everywhere because 0:06:46.680 --> 0:06:48.640 it's just so much of me I get bored like 0:06:48.680 --> 0:06:53.200 halfway through the clumps in like my hair, so like 0:06:53.279 --> 0:06:56.040 I can't get it rubbed in. But it's not the seventies, 0:06:56.040 --> 0:06:59.240 you know, remember in the seventies, so it was just 0:06:59.400 --> 0:07:02.800 baby oil out and sun actually yeah, kind of roast 0:07:02.800 --> 0:07:04.479 you stuff like a turkey. Plus I'd be wearing a 0:07:04.560 --> 0:07:07.440 medallion right now for this time. That's right by Lizzie, 0:07:07.480 --> 0:07:10.640 just cracking up. Yeah, guess guest producer Lizzie catch her 0:07:10.640 --> 0:07:13.720 early in the morning, and we're funnier, all right, So 0:07:13.800 --> 0:07:16.000 let's go ahead and get going here with the first way, 0:07:16.520 --> 0:07:19.200 and then then the first couple are this is the 0:07:19.280 --> 0:07:21.560 really the money is at the end of this podcast, 0:07:21.640 --> 0:07:24.880 the most interesting part. Okay, before we we announced it, 0:07:24.920 --> 0:07:27.440 can we get a drum roll for the first way 0:07:27.680 --> 0:07:29.880 the sun can kill you here on Earth? Drum roll 0:07:29.920 --> 0:07:37.800 place It is heat stroke? That's right, yes, most obviously, Uh, 0:07:38.560 --> 0:07:40.920 you know everyone knows that the body cools itself down 0:07:40.960 --> 0:07:44.120 by sweating. You get hot, your body tempature goes up 0:07:44.120 --> 0:07:46.000 a little bit, the sweat kicks in. In my case, 0:07:46.440 --> 0:07:49.160 it can be cold outside and the sweat still kicks in. 0:07:49.960 --> 0:07:52.160 Or you could be in like a fifty degree body 0:07:52.200 --> 0:07:56.080 of water. I will never die of heat stroke, but 0:07:56.120 --> 0:07:59.080 you can dive. Heat stroke. It's when your body temperature 0:07:59.160 --> 0:08:01.760 rises above a hund in four degrees and stays there 0:08:02.240 --> 0:08:07.280 for a prolonged period. And um, that basically means, you know, 0:08:07.400 --> 0:08:10.440 you can't find shade. It's probably you're either an infant 0:08:10.600 --> 0:08:13.239 stuck in a car, which is the saddest. That's pretty 0:08:13.560 --> 0:08:16.240 you're elderly and you're you know, somehow shut in or 0:08:16.280 --> 0:08:19.800 infirmed and your power goes out, which is equally sad. 0:08:20.240 --> 0:08:22.520 Or you're probably trapped if you're just a healthy adult 0:08:22.600 --> 0:08:26.000 out in the desert or something. And heat stroking. There's 0:08:26.080 --> 0:08:29.680 three things. Heat strokes the third in a series of 0:08:29.920 --> 0:08:33.960 escalating problems. Right, you have heat cramps and then heat exhaustion, 0:08:34.040 --> 0:08:37.000 and then heat stroke and when you have heat stroke 0:08:37.040 --> 0:08:39.920 here in big trouble. Um. So your body is two 0:08:39.960 --> 0:08:42.800 ways of cooling itself down sweating like you said, and 0:08:42.840 --> 0:08:45.880 then pumping your blood close to the surface of your skin, 0:08:46.400 --> 0:08:48.959 which pressed which is pressed up against the ambient air 0:08:49.040 --> 0:08:52.040 which should be cooler, which is why you flush. Right Yeah, 0:08:52.280 --> 0:08:55.880 Um in babies, like you say, if you're trapped in 0:08:55.880 --> 0:09:02.280 a car, a baby's um sweat process mechanism isn't very 0:09:02.320 --> 0:09:06.120 well developed, so it's not gonna get cool, right. And 0:09:06.160 --> 0:09:08.760 then the other problem with heat stroke is you um 0:09:08.800 --> 0:09:12.040 lose your ability to salivate, so you can't swallow. So 0:09:12.360 --> 0:09:14.680 if you're out in the desert, even if you have water, 0:09:14.880 --> 0:09:18.959 after a point, you can't. You can't drink fluids any longer. 0:09:19.040 --> 0:09:22.319 They have to be introduced intravenously. That's right, that's bad news. 0:09:22.360 --> 0:09:24.920 That's very bad news. And your blood thickens too, Chuck 0:09:25.480 --> 0:09:29.559 with the heat stroke. Ye, really, you're one step away 0:09:29.600 --> 0:09:33.480 from saying the word coagulate. I'm just gonna like, uh, 0:09:33.520 --> 0:09:35.760 if you are very hot and you're overheated and you're 0:09:35.760 --> 0:09:38.440 not cooling down, Josh, and you see some of the following, 0:09:39.040 --> 0:09:43.040 then you're you should really try and get into some shade. 0:09:43.160 --> 0:09:48.120 Toot sweet rapid pulse, very strong, like you said, imagine 0:09:48.120 --> 0:09:53.800 the heart's beating really fast. Um hot, dry skin, headache, dizzy, hyperventilating, 0:09:53.800 --> 0:10:01.040 and these I get the sense escalate as we go here, hyperventilate, confusion, nausea, seizures, hallucination, 0:10:01.240 --> 0:10:05.040 and then unconsciousness. So if you're hallucinating, you're about to 0:10:05.080 --> 0:10:08.840 go into the into the light or into the dark, 0:10:09.360 --> 0:10:11.120 depending on what you want to look. Especially if your 0:10:11.160 --> 0:10:15.040 hallucinations like get in the shade and your organs are 0:10:15.080 --> 0:10:19.560 gonna swell, you could go into shock and you could die, Yeah, 0:10:19.679 --> 0:10:22.640 pretty easy. Your whole body can just shut down. And 0:10:22.679 --> 0:10:25.000 they're just from heat. That's not even from like the 0:10:25.040 --> 0:10:27.600 sun's rays or damage or anything. That's just from getting 0:10:27.640 --> 0:10:31.560 so hot, unbelievable. Um. And apparently when your blood does thick, 0:10:31.600 --> 0:10:33.440 and once you hit that hundred and four to green 0:10:33.480 --> 0:10:35.520 mark and your blisser so thick and it can't be 0:10:35.520 --> 0:10:37.680 pumped towards the surface any longer. You're not sweating, you 0:10:37.720 --> 0:10:40.600 can't swallow um. After that, you reach a point where 0:10:40.640 --> 0:10:45.520 your body temperature just skyrockets up and that's that for you. Really, Yeah, 0:10:45.559 --> 0:10:48.520 you're cooked. I wonder how high it can get. I 0:10:48.559 --> 0:10:52.640 think it's a hundred and twelve and then you're dead. Yeah, 0:10:52.720 --> 0:10:54.680 I know that. Like when you have a really bad fever, 0:10:54.720 --> 0:10:57.079 if it gets up to a certain point, it's hospital time. Well, 0:10:57.120 --> 0:11:02.160 plus a bad fever can cause brain damage, that's right, 0:11:02.240 --> 0:11:06.160 Josh and uh I look for some Newsy items for this, 0:11:06.280 --> 0:11:08.320 And of course it's always just some sad story about 0:11:08.320 --> 0:11:13.320 a parking lot. But workers in Japan the nuclear reactor 0:11:13.360 --> 0:11:16.240 site have been suffering from heat stroke and so they've 0:11:16.240 --> 0:11:18.000 got you know, cool rooms set up, and they're very 0:11:18.000 --> 0:11:21.000 aware of this problem from the radiation that he generated. 0:11:21.000 --> 0:11:23.240 By the radiation, yeah, and just being in those suits 0:11:23.240 --> 0:11:25.920 and they can't uh, you know, sweat and evaporate like 0:11:25.960 --> 0:11:29.760 they normally could. Goodness wow, it's like add one more 0:11:29.960 --> 0:11:34.000 risk the dangerous job they're doing. So what's what's another 0:11:34.040 --> 0:11:36.680 way the sun can kill you? Chock uh skin cancer? 0:11:36.880 --> 0:11:40.640 Josh um, No drum roll there, no drum roll there. Um. 0:11:40.960 --> 0:11:44.280 The sun emits many different wavelengths of light, and the 0:11:44.320 --> 0:11:48.040 one that is damaging to us is UV ultraviolet light 0:11:48.280 --> 0:11:51.520 that we cannot see bluer than blue, shorter, it's bluer 0:11:51.559 --> 0:11:54.480 than blue. Do you remember now, that's right, redder than red, 0:11:54.520 --> 0:11:57.960 bluer than blue. We can't see it, that's right, but 0:11:58.080 --> 0:12:01.400 we can be damaged by it very much. So, so 0:12:01.559 --> 0:12:04.680 check there's two kinds of UV rays that hit us 0:12:04.720 --> 0:12:08.040 here on Earth, UV A and UVB. And UV A 0:12:08.480 --> 0:12:13.199 is the kind of ultra violet radiation that really penetrates 0:12:13.280 --> 0:12:16.720 the skin down to the dermis um and does a 0:12:16.760 --> 0:12:22.040 lot of cellular damage, UM DNA damage. Right. UVB is 0:12:22.080 --> 0:12:26.120 the sun's burning rays. It's more potent actually than UV A. 0:12:26.760 --> 0:12:29.079 But uh, first of all, it can be deflected by 0:12:29.280 --> 0:12:32.320 window glass, so it doesn't hit us when we're inside UM. 0:12:32.360 --> 0:12:35.120 But secondly, it can't penetrates deep into the skin, so 0:12:35.320 --> 0:12:39.520 it doesn't cause cancer. It just burns you literally. But 0:12:40.040 --> 0:12:42.640 UVA is the one that gets in there and can 0:12:42.720 --> 0:12:46.079 disrupt the normal function of cells. Right, and uh, if 0:12:46.120 --> 0:12:49.120 you get wrinkled and freckled, um, this is all because 0:12:49.120 --> 0:12:52.960 of UV exposure. If I reckon, if you never saw 0:12:53.000 --> 0:12:55.280 the sun's rays, he would probably look very youthful. I 0:12:55.320 --> 0:12:57.800 would think so too, for for much longer than your 0:12:57.840 --> 0:13:01.640 average joe out in the sun. We do have proteins 0:13:01.640 --> 0:13:05.199 in the skin called elastin, and they're very springy and fibrous. 0:13:05.240 --> 0:13:09.800 It helps us to stay young. But uh, UV exposure 0:13:09.880 --> 0:13:13.280 damages and breaks down that elastin, and eventually that could 0:13:13.360 --> 0:13:16.600 lead to lesions, tumors, that kind of thing. Right, and 0:13:16.760 --> 0:13:22.240 UV A specifically goes in and UM basically turns our 0:13:22.320 --> 0:13:27.160 melana sites the melanin producing pigment producing cells in the skin. 0:13:28.240 --> 0:13:32.600 It basically says you're cancerous now because cancer is uncontrolled 0:13:32.600 --> 0:13:35.440 cellular growth. Right, that's right. So the mel the melana 0:13:35.480 --> 0:13:37.920 sites start to reproduce a little too quickly, then all 0:13:37.920 --> 0:13:39.800 of a sudden you have a tumor. There are three 0:13:39.840 --> 0:13:42.719 kinds of skin cancer, Josh, there's the basil is a 0:13:42.720 --> 0:13:47.080 basil or basil basil I would imagine probably both, Chuck. 0:13:47.120 --> 0:13:49.240 I think if you're from England needs say basil basil 0:13:49.280 --> 0:13:53.560 cell carcinoma, uh, squamas cell carcinoma and melanoma. And the 0:13:53.600 --> 0:13:58.960 first two aren't very dangerous. Um. They're about all cases 0:13:58.960 --> 0:14:01.839 of skin cancer, the first two kinds, and you're you're 0:14:01.880 --> 0:14:03.560 doing okay. If you have one of those, you can 0:14:03.600 --> 0:14:05.560 get it removed. It's really not that big of a deal. 0:14:05.760 --> 0:14:08.160 It turns to a melanoma. That's when it's serious. And 0:14:09.040 --> 0:14:14.360 about skin cancer. Deaths are from melanoma. Yeah. And if 0:14:14.360 --> 0:14:17.120 you if you find it early enough and treat it. 0:14:17.880 --> 0:14:21.480 Um melanoma has a pretty high survival rate I think 0:14:22.800 --> 0:14:27.600 survival rate um five year survival rate. If you get 0:14:27.640 --> 0:14:30.080 it before it gets to the limps. When it hits 0:14:30.120 --> 0:14:33.960 the limps, then the survival rates starts to drop dramatically. Yeah. 0:14:34.000 --> 0:14:38.360 And this is an interesting fact of your whole life's 0:14:38.480 --> 0:14:42.320 UV exposure comes before your eighteen right, And I thought 0:14:42.320 --> 0:14:44.360 about that, and it makes perfect sense because that's when 0:14:44.360 --> 0:14:46.360 you're a little kid who jumps like an idiot through 0:14:46.360 --> 0:14:48.800 a sprinkler or something like that. That's when you're outside. 0:14:48.840 --> 0:14:53.520 You're not punched over a computer. Your outdoors. Yeah, and 0:14:53.520 --> 0:14:55.480 there's only I mean, if you're a parent, you should 0:14:55.520 --> 0:14:57.520 take care of your child and slather them with sunscreen. 0:14:57.600 --> 0:15:01.200 But you know, every if your kids out playing in 0:15:01.320 --> 0:15:03.240 very active a lot, chances are you're going to be 0:15:03.280 --> 0:15:06.240 slipping up there something. Well, but I think that I 0:15:06.280 --> 0:15:08.680 don't know that that's necessarily okay though, I think that 0:15:08.760 --> 0:15:10.960 needs to be a habit, you know, kind of like 0:15:11.120 --> 0:15:13.840 your your kid, doesn't, you know, come out of the womb, 0:15:13.920 --> 0:15:17.280 Like give me some pants and some shirt. The kid 0:15:17.320 --> 0:15:21.680 knows to put on a pant right away, You're like, 0:15:21.680 --> 0:15:25.000 you need to cover up. Um. I think this needs 0:15:25.040 --> 0:15:27.040 to be part and parcel with going out if you 0:15:27.080 --> 0:15:29.880 want to. You know, I think skin cancer is a 0:15:29.960 --> 0:15:33.680 far greater problem than people are aware. Um. And I 0:15:33.720 --> 0:15:36.280 think just you you make a good point in this 0:15:36.360 --> 0:15:39.520 article that, um, it's one of the more preventable kinds 0:15:39.520 --> 0:15:44.240 of cancers just by using sunscreen. Yeah, um, so I 0:15:44.240 --> 0:15:47.160 think it should be part of going outside. And apparently 0:15:47.200 --> 0:15:51.200 also not just on sunny days. On a cloudy, overcast days, 0:15:51.200 --> 0:15:54.200 still like eight percent of the UV rays make it 0:15:54.240 --> 0:15:57.720 to the surface containing that's too if you think that 0:15:57.920 --> 0:16:00.240 it's not sun so it's not hurting me. That's handing 0:16:00.240 --> 0:16:02.560 that does the same thing, Chuck. Can we talk for 0:16:02.600 --> 0:16:05.120 a second about SPF. Can we solve the riddle of 0:16:05.160 --> 0:16:08.680 what SPF is? Yeah, that they recommend fifteen, but I 0:16:08.720 --> 0:16:10.960 would say higher than that if you want total protection. 0:16:11.000 --> 0:16:16.080 They changed it recently thirty. Now American Academy of Dermatology 0:16:16.800 --> 0:16:19.200 recommends thirty. They should double it just to be on 0:16:19.240 --> 0:16:22.640 the side pretty much. But there I suspect that there 0:16:22.720 --> 0:16:25.360 is something of like a mechanism like that involved. Because 0:16:25.680 --> 0:16:29.800 SPF means a sun protection factor. Um, the number, right 0:16:30.560 --> 0:16:35.600 is the number of times longer that product will prevent 0:16:35.680 --> 0:16:39.400 a sunburn then unprotected skin. Right, So if it takes 0:16:39.440 --> 0:16:44.320 ten minutes for unprotected skin to get a sunburn, SPF fifteen, 0:16:44.840 --> 0:16:48.280 it'll take a hundred and fifty minutes in that same sunlight. Right. 0:16:48.880 --> 0:16:52.000 The problem is they're like, well, you should still go 0:16:52.040 --> 0:16:55.840 ahead and reapply this every two hours anyway at least 0:16:56.360 --> 0:16:58.840 um and then after you sweat or after you're in 0:16:58.880 --> 0:17:02.120 the water, so that two hours at the most, so 0:17:02.160 --> 0:17:05.240 in SPF fifteen would protect you. And if they say 0:17:05.280 --> 0:17:09.720 SPF thirty is recommended, I don't understand it. But I mean, 0:17:09.720 --> 0:17:13.919 any idiot can look at suntan lotion it's SPS seventy 0:17:14.080 --> 0:17:17.400 compared to SPF five and see that it's thicker. So 0:17:17.440 --> 0:17:19.960 I guess it's just that. Either that or you can 0:17:19.960 --> 0:17:25.040 just put primer on yourself. Right. Yeah, but that's I've 0:17:25.040 --> 0:17:29.520 always wondered what SPF was, how they how they categorize that. Yeah, 0:17:29.600 --> 0:17:31.800 you didn't know that un till now. Interesting, that's because 0:17:31.840 --> 0:17:34.479 you don't wear it. I do wear it. I just 0:17:34.480 --> 0:17:37.760 did you look like George Hamilton? I don't am I 0:17:37.840 --> 0:17:40.720 aging or something like that. No, you're just tan. I'm 0:17:40.760 --> 0:17:47.359 always tanned the beach oddly alright. So broccoli and if 0:17:47.440 --> 0:17:49.080 you want to, if you want to help yourself out, 0:17:49.160 --> 0:17:53.440 eat broccoli and eat Brussels sprouts. And if you say 0:17:53.720 --> 0:17:57.880 I don't like Brussels sprouts, grill them. Baby, so good. 0:17:58.359 --> 0:18:00.920 I've never had that. Yeah, man, I never eight them either. 0:18:00.960 --> 0:18:02.640 But what you do is you get the Brussels sprouts, 0:18:02.680 --> 0:18:05.359 you kind of chop off a little nubby end, toss 0:18:05.400 --> 0:18:08.280 it in a bowl with some olive oil and whatever 0:18:08.320 --> 0:18:11.080 your spices, you know, salt, pepper, rosemary, whatever you like. 0:18:11.560 --> 0:18:13.440 Throw it on the grill and grill. It's so good. 0:18:13.680 --> 0:18:15.800 I do the same exact thing, but instead of the grill, 0:18:15.880 --> 0:18:18.320 I just roast them for a while until they're really 0:18:18.359 --> 0:18:21.760 really crisp good stuff. Or another thing you can do 0:18:21.960 --> 0:18:24.560 is you chop it in half and then do it 0:18:24.600 --> 0:18:27.080 in the skillet and it kind of caramelizes on the 0:18:27.080 --> 0:18:31.399 flat sides. I have a good recipe for broccoli, So 0:18:31.480 --> 0:18:34.320 you take as much broccoli as you can find, chop 0:18:34.359 --> 0:18:38.480 off the stalks, take the whole thing, put it into 0:18:38.520 --> 0:18:41.600 a plastic bag, and throw it away. You don't like broccli, 0:18:41.680 --> 0:18:44.320 I hate broccoli. That's so weird. I love broccoli. I 0:18:44.359 --> 0:18:46.920 think broccoli is the most disgusting thing that's ever been 0:18:46.960 --> 0:18:49.760 on this planet. I think broccoli is the worst thing 0:18:49.880 --> 0:18:55.960 the Romans ever invented. I think I think BROCCOLI's delicious. 0:18:56.000 --> 0:18:59.399 And they say, you know, steaming is probably the I mean, 0:18:59.480 --> 0:19:01.200 raw is the best way to eat it. But I'm 0:19:01.200 --> 0:19:03.320 not into raw broccoli. I have to steamine a little bit. 0:19:04.280 --> 0:19:07.960 It is kind of tasteless, though not super flavorful. You're 0:19:07.960 --> 0:19:10.240 just not having an area. No, I think it's disgusting, 0:19:10.280 --> 0:19:14.040 and it's actually the taste that I can't stand. All right. 0:19:14.600 --> 0:19:16.439 So anyway, the reason I brought all this up is 0:19:16.440 --> 0:19:19.120 that there's a topical compound called I S C DASH 0:19:19.200 --> 0:19:22.680 four found in these vegetables, and they think that if 0:19:22.720 --> 0:19:26.440 they add this, uh, they've made a robust, more robust 0:19:26.520 --> 0:19:28.760 version called I C S four and if you add 0:19:28.800 --> 0:19:31.280 this to sunscreen, which they're trying to get done, they 0:19:31.320 --> 0:19:36.000 think it might be able to really beef up the 0:19:36.040 --> 0:19:40.040 skin cancer prevention by adding this stuff from these veggies 0:19:40.040 --> 0:19:45.159 to your sunscreen. But like it enhances its protection protectiveness 0:19:45.400 --> 0:19:48.080 very much. So it is way too early. No, I 0:19:48.080 --> 0:19:50.600 don't think we should record at nine am any longer. 0:19:50.760 --> 0:19:54.119 This is an emergency, all right, So, Josh. The final way, 0:19:54.200 --> 0:19:57.679 and this is the most interesting and saddest condition of 0:19:57.720 --> 0:20:03.359 all is called zero dar uma pigmentosum, and that is 0:20:03.480 --> 0:20:06.600 very rare. Zero derma is Latin for dry skin, and 0:20:06.680 --> 0:20:11.280 pigmentosum refers to the colorations, the skin colorations that you 0:20:11.320 --> 0:20:13.159 get if you're one of the sufferers, one of the 0:20:13.400 --> 0:20:17.960 few sufferers. Yeah, I think there's been like two cases 0:20:18.000 --> 0:20:20.320 in the US. Yeah, at an't given moment, I think 0:20:20.320 --> 0:20:23.960 there's about two fifty. So, Chuck, where did you find 0:20:24.000 --> 0:20:26.439 this this condition? How did you stumble upon us when 0:20:26.440 --> 0:20:28.320 you're writing this article? I think I was just looking 0:20:28.359 --> 0:20:30.120 for you know, I think it came from a skin 0:20:30.160 --> 0:20:33.720 cancer site, because you're very much likely to die from 0:20:33.760 --> 0:20:36.800 skin cancer if you have this condition, right, probably by 0:20:36.800 --> 0:20:40.600 the time you're middle aged. And so I think a 0:20:40.720 --> 0:20:45.440 person with UM zero derma pigmentosa you say that there, 0:20:45.640 --> 0:20:48.440 we'll call it XP. Okay, that's what That's what most 0:20:48.440 --> 0:20:51.720 people call it, right, Um, people with XP are about 0:20:51.760 --> 0:20:55.240 a thousand times more likely to develop skin cancer than 0:20:55.359 --> 0:20:57.560 a person without it, and that can be up to 0:20:57.640 --> 0:21:01.119 two thousand times more likely. And so this isn't like 0:21:01.280 --> 0:21:04.240 you know, from laying out. This is like walking around 0:21:04.280 --> 0:21:08.720 in your house, right and getting indirect UV radiation from 0:21:08.840 --> 0:21:13.880 indirect sunlight any kind of sunlight whatsoever. Yeah, indirect direct 0:21:13.880 --> 0:21:18.560 obviously is the worst, even fluorescent lights. Yeah, there was this. Uh, 0:21:18.600 --> 0:21:20.680 there's been a bunch of stories about this, and they're 0:21:20.680 --> 0:21:24.040 all very sad and titled sad titles, And this one 0:21:24.040 --> 0:21:26.800 from the New York Times is called Midnight's Children, and 0:21:26.840 --> 0:21:30.600 it's about Camp Sundown, which is a camp that these 0:21:30.600 --> 0:21:33.840 parents started who have a daughter who suffers from this, 0:21:33.960 --> 0:21:37.320 and it's basically, um, a couple of weeks out of 0:21:37.359 --> 0:21:39.040 the year in the summer, they just have a summer 0:21:39.080 --> 0:21:41.760 camp for kids to have this and it's all you know, 0:21:41.840 --> 0:21:44.720 flip flop. It's all at night. All the activities are 0:21:45.400 --> 0:21:47.120 because they can't go out in the sun at all. 0:21:47.680 --> 0:21:50.719 And it's not just that camp, Like, don't families who 0:21:50.960 --> 0:21:54.919 have a kid with XP half to UM basically do 0:21:55.040 --> 0:21:58.480 that anyway, like flip flop their their nighttime and data. Yeah, 0:21:58.520 --> 0:22:00.639 the camp is just to give them some one and 0:22:00.720 --> 0:22:02.520 like to be able to go to camp and socialize 0:22:02.520 --> 0:22:05.399 and flirt and do things that normal kids do. Because 0:22:05.440 --> 0:22:07.800 one of the saddest parts about this is your sequester 0:22:07.920 --> 0:22:10.840 to your house during the day and you're outfitted, you know, 0:22:10.840 --> 0:22:14.240 all the windows are outfitted with the UV blockers and everything, 0:22:14.960 --> 0:22:17.959 and um, you know, all the kids that are interviewed 0:22:17.960 --> 0:22:20.760 are like, you know, when we're awake at night, my 0:22:20.840 --> 0:22:23.719 friends are all asleep, so there's nothing to do at night. 0:22:23.760 --> 0:22:25.840 And that's one of the big problems if you're a kid, 0:22:27.119 --> 0:22:30.439 and that and infomercials are big problems of staying up 0:22:30.480 --> 0:22:34.439 all night. Yeah, that's true, Um, chuck. They recently figured 0:22:34.480 --> 0:22:38.239