1 00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:02,840 Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 2 00:00:03,160 --> 00:00:07,560 Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff You Should Know 3 00:00:08,160 --> 00:00:16,520 Speaker 1: from House toff works dot com? Hey, and welcome to 4 00:00:16,520 --> 00:00:20,040 Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. Chuff Bryant. 5 00:00:20,160 --> 00:00:24,440 Speaker 1: You may know us better as Joanie and Chocci. All right, 6 00:00:24,720 --> 00:00:28,520 Speaker 1: that's y SK Morning Edition. Yeah. I literally have had 7 00:00:28,520 --> 00:00:31,480 Speaker 1: two SIPs and coffee. This is an unusual recording time. 8 00:00:31,640 --> 00:00:34,559 Speaker 1: I'm not done. This is Stuff you should know, the 9 00:00:34,600 --> 00:00:40,040 Speaker 1: podcast from the revered website how Stuff Works dot com. Hey, 10 00:00:40,080 --> 00:00:43,280 Speaker 1: there are employers, Hey, they are, and there where we 11 00:00:43,360 --> 00:00:46,800 Speaker 1: get all of our information, right, that's right, most of it. Yeah. 12 00:00:46,880 --> 00:00:49,839 Speaker 1: There's been like maybe two or three podcasts that we've 13 00:00:49,880 --> 00:00:52,080 Speaker 1: done that didn't come from articles off the site. Yeah, 14 00:00:52,120 --> 00:00:55,520 Speaker 1: but that's the basis, right, Okay, sure, and now everybody 15 00:00:55,560 --> 00:00:57,600 Speaker 1: knows the secret. You can all go back to bed, right, 16 00:00:58,160 --> 00:01:00,360 Speaker 1: I'd like to go back to bed. I know you, Chuck, 17 00:01:00,400 --> 00:01:02,480 Speaker 1: you've been here since six thirty this morning. I know 18 00:01:02,560 --> 00:01:05,360 Speaker 1: I have. And like you said, that's two SIPs of coffee, 19 00:01:05,360 --> 00:01:08,080 Speaker 1: whereas when we usually record, you have had seventeen cups 20 00:01:08,080 --> 00:01:12,600 Speaker 1: of coffee. This is gonna be an unusually sedate podcast 21 00:01:12,600 --> 00:01:17,560 Speaker 1: about the Sun. Yes, this is almost almost Sun Take two. 22 00:01:18,120 --> 00:01:19,640 Speaker 1: I think I feel like this might make up a 23 00:01:19,640 --> 00:01:21,959 Speaker 1: little bit for the awful suncast we did. I don't. 24 00:01:22,000 --> 00:01:24,280 Speaker 1: I don't think that's correct, and I don't think it's 25 00:01:24,280 --> 00:01:26,399 Speaker 1: sound take too. I think the Sun comes in for 26 00:01:26,440 --> 00:01:29,520 Speaker 1: a guest appearance, a cameo, if you will. But there's 27 00:01:29,560 --> 00:01:31,679 Speaker 1: nothing that's ever gonna make up for how the Sun works, 28 00:01:32,520 --> 00:01:35,960 Speaker 1: although there was something. Um, I think my favorite fact 29 00:01:36,319 --> 00:01:40,320 Speaker 1: from the Sun podcast was that you remember in the 30 00:01:40,400 --> 00:01:44,800 Speaker 1: core of the Sun, Um, there's just helium bouncing all 31 00:01:44,840 --> 00:01:48,520 Speaker 1: over the place, and um, what I think a proton 32 00:01:48,600 --> 00:01:51,080 Speaker 1: gets loose or a neutron and it gets picked up 33 00:01:51,080 --> 00:01:54,000 Speaker 1: by something else, and like, this change in mass is 34 00:01:54,520 --> 00:01:58,160 Speaker 1: displaced energy, and it displaced energy takes the form of 35 00:01:58,160 --> 00:02:01,120 Speaker 1: a photon, remember the tiny packet of light. Here's the 36 00:02:01,200 --> 00:02:03,080 Speaker 1: here's the kicker, and I know you remember this. It 37 00:02:03,160 --> 00:02:06,960 Speaker 1: takes a photon a hundred thousand years to travel from 38 00:02:07,040 --> 00:02:10,440 Speaker 1: the core of the Sun to the surface, and then 39 00:02:10,480 --> 00:02:12,440 Speaker 1: once it leaves the Sun, it takes eight minutes to 40 00:02:12,480 --> 00:02:18,000 Speaker 1: get the Earth. That's pretty cool, but yeah, a hundred 41 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:20,560 Speaker 1: thousand years. So the light that hits your skin, Chuck, 42 00:02:21,200 --> 00:02:25,560 Speaker 1: is a hundred thousand years and eight minutes old. Wow, 43 00:02:26,160 --> 00:02:28,799 Speaker 1: didn't take it that way, Well now you will. That's 44 00:02:28,800 --> 00:02:31,440 Speaker 1: a great sun fact. So, um, I I have a 45 00:02:31,440 --> 00:02:36,680 Speaker 1: better intro than that. Alright, Apollo seventeen, Yeah, the last 46 00:02:36,680 --> 00:02:41,440 Speaker 1: Apollo mission ninety two. These guys are training to go 47 00:02:41,520 --> 00:02:43,720 Speaker 1: to the Moon one last time. Let's get some people 48 00:02:43,760 --> 00:02:47,280 Speaker 1: on on on the moon. Right, Um, Nixon's in office. 49 00:02:47,320 --> 00:02:51,320 Speaker 1: Everybody's really unhappy. Um, So they're training, but there's a 50 00:02:51,360 --> 00:02:54,360 Speaker 1: huge problem. There's a predicted solar flare coming, and not 51 00:02:54,440 --> 00:02:57,600 Speaker 1: just any solar flare, a megaflare. Chuck. The last one 52 00:02:58,000 --> 00:03:02,520 Speaker 1: scene of such magnitude was a hundred and fifty years before. Right, 53 00:03:02,600 --> 00:03:06,680 Speaker 1: What does it do? Solar flare? Megaflare? You know? Solar 54 00:03:06,720 --> 00:03:10,959 Speaker 1: flare shoots protons um out, like highly radioactive protons out 55 00:03:10,960 --> 00:03:15,360 Speaker 1: into the pound of space and at Earth. Right, Earth 56 00:03:15,360 --> 00:03:17,720 Speaker 1: has a magnetic field that deflects these things, or else 57 00:03:17,760 --> 00:03:22,240 Speaker 1: they'd hit Earth's surface and us these radioactive protons at 58 00:03:22,240 --> 00:03:26,280 Speaker 1: about a million to three million kilometers per hour. So 59 00:03:26,320 --> 00:03:28,959 Speaker 1: what's a mega just a souped up version of that. Well, 60 00:03:29,000 --> 00:03:32,000 Speaker 1: that's that's the Mega version. Yes, so say half a 61 00:03:32,040 --> 00:03:35,160 Speaker 1: million kilometers an hour. It's way more protons. They're way 62 00:03:35,240 --> 00:03:37,600 Speaker 1: more radioactive, and they reach much further out in space. 63 00:03:37,640 --> 00:03:40,480 Speaker 1: It's just like a huge cough from the Sun, you know. 64 00:03:40,560 --> 00:03:42,800 Speaker 1: Like I said, we have a magnetic field. The Moon 65 00:03:42,880 --> 00:03:46,240 Speaker 1: does not have a magnetic field. So any astronauts standing 66 00:03:46,280 --> 00:03:48,720 Speaker 1: on the Moon when the solar flare erupted would have 67 00:03:48,760 --> 00:03:52,200 Speaker 1: gotten shot through with these radioactive protons and either would 68 00:03:52,200 --> 00:03:55,400 Speaker 1: have been burned on the spot or would have just 69 00:03:55,520 --> 00:03:59,080 Speaker 1: received a lace lethal dose of radiation sickness. So they 70 00:03:59,120 --> 00:04:02,400 Speaker 1: called it offer with postponed it. Luckily, the solar flare 71 00:04:02,400 --> 00:04:06,720 Speaker 1: occurred between Apolo sixteen and Apollo seventeen, so Apolo seventeen 72 00:04:06,760 --> 00:04:09,600 Speaker 1: went up on December second, nineteen seventy two. I think 73 00:04:09,920 --> 00:04:12,240 Speaker 1: um and the solar flare took place in August of 74 00:04:12,320 --> 00:04:15,000 Speaker 1: nineteen seventy two, so they escaped it by six months 75 00:04:15,080 --> 00:04:16,919 Speaker 1: or so. But isn't it crazy that they could have 76 00:04:17,080 --> 00:04:20,080 Speaker 1: conceivably been standing on the Moon and just been like 77 00:04:21,040 --> 00:04:24,640 Speaker 1: like some of the movies. It kind of like, um Sunshine, 78 00:04:25,520 --> 00:04:27,560 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, you saw that. I didn't think you saw that. 79 00:04:27,880 --> 00:04:31,520 Speaker 1: I remember we talked about the first half was too classic. Yeah, 80 00:04:31,760 --> 00:04:33,560 Speaker 1: I've never seen a movie go off the rails like that, 81 00:04:34,000 --> 00:04:36,920 Speaker 1: but I know it was so good. It was astounding. 82 00:04:37,000 --> 00:04:39,040 Speaker 1: I know I really wanted it to finish off because 83 00:04:39,240 --> 00:04:42,480 Speaker 1: Danny Boils the best. I was. I'm on team Boil 84 00:04:42,560 --> 00:04:46,159 Speaker 1: all the way you are. Um. But it raises the question. 85 00:04:47,080 --> 00:04:50,080 Speaker 1: It raises an interesting point because I think we all 86 00:04:50,080 --> 00:04:52,479 Speaker 1: know the answer to the question post in this podcast. 87 00:04:52,520 --> 00:04:55,080 Speaker 1: Can the Sun kill you? Chuck? This is a Chuck 88 00:04:55,200 --> 00:04:59,560 Speaker 1: Bryant special. It's a little elementary. I thought, I disagree 89 00:04:59,600 --> 00:05:01,760 Speaker 1: when was it from. It's from a long time ago, 90 00:05:01,800 --> 00:05:04,680 Speaker 1: but I don't know, like my introductions back in the 91 00:05:04,760 --> 00:05:07,800 Speaker 1: day were I thought they were like written for grade school. 92 00:05:07,880 --> 00:05:09,880 Speaker 1: Do you want to read the first sentence? I wanted 93 00:05:09,920 --> 00:05:12,080 Speaker 1: to almost get Robert Laman here to do a dramatic 94 00:05:12,080 --> 00:05:15,400 Speaker 1: reading just to the first sentence. Anyone he's ever made 95 00:05:15,400 --> 00:05:17,479 Speaker 1: it through the fifth grade can probably tell you that 96 00:05:17,560 --> 00:05:22,000 Speaker 1: the sun is a star. I think it's funny how somebody, 97 00:05:22,120 --> 00:05:24,839 Speaker 1: I imagine your editor went back and was like, well, 98 00:05:24,880 --> 00:05:27,520 Speaker 1: there's not necessarily every person that we can say with 99 00:05:27,600 --> 00:05:29,480 Speaker 1: confidence can tell you that if you've made it through 100 00:05:29,520 --> 00:05:34,120 Speaker 1: fifth grade, So let's put probably in there. Yeah, so Josh, 101 00:05:34,320 --> 00:05:38,200 Speaker 1: the answer can the sun kill you is most certainly yes, 102 00:05:38,360 --> 00:05:42,240 Speaker 1: resounding yes, and not just by standing on the moon 103 00:05:42,800 --> 00:05:46,880 Speaker 1: in a megaflare. Yeah. Um, there's plenty of ways here 104 00:05:46,880 --> 00:05:49,800 Speaker 1: on earth that the sun can get you. Basically, the 105 00:05:49,839 --> 00:05:52,719 Speaker 1: point of this podcast is don't ever leave your house again, right, 106 00:05:53,240 --> 00:05:56,960 Speaker 1: that's right? And you, Mr tan Man, I gotta do 107 00:05:57,000 --> 00:06:01,120 Speaker 1: you know where sunscreen? Um? I you? I wear seventy 108 00:06:01,160 --> 00:06:03,960 Speaker 1: on my face. I swear to God, I wear seventy. 109 00:06:04,120 --> 00:06:06,000 Speaker 1: And why is it every time you come in, like 110 00:06:06,080 --> 00:06:09,360 Speaker 1: on a Monday, you'll have like this bronze dark face 111 00:06:09,440 --> 00:06:13,039 Speaker 1: and he's like, oh's at the beach? So I have, um, 112 00:06:13,080 --> 00:06:23,200 Speaker 1: either Greco, Italian Jewish or some Mediterranean possibly Native American 113 00:06:23,320 --> 00:06:27,240 Speaker 1: in me somewhere down the line popping up. I tan 114 00:06:27,440 --> 00:06:31,159 Speaker 1: extremely well. But if you've got on seventy, you can't tan? 115 00:06:32,160 --> 00:06:35,920 Speaker 1: So how's it defeating the sun block? Clearly I can't, 116 00:06:35,960 --> 00:06:37,840 Speaker 1: and I promise you I really do wear seventy. I 117 00:06:37,880 --> 00:06:39,880 Speaker 1: don't wear and just can't like I should. I know, 118 00:06:39,920 --> 00:06:42,160 Speaker 1: and I appreciate that. Um, I don't wear as much 119 00:06:42,200 --> 00:06:46,679 Speaker 1: sun block as I should, but um, like everywhere because 120 00:06:46,680 --> 00:06:48,640 Speaker 1: it's just so much of me I get bored like 121 00:06:48,680 --> 00:06:53,200 Speaker 1: halfway through the clumps in like my hair, so like 122 00:06:53,279 --> 00:06:56,040 Speaker 1: I can't get it rubbed in. But it's not the seventies, 123 00:06:56,040 --> 00:06:59,240 Speaker 1: you know, remember in the seventies, so it was just 124 00:06:59,400 --> 00:07:02,800 Speaker 1: baby oil out and sun actually yeah, kind of roast 125 00:07:02,800 --> 00:07:04,479 Speaker 1: you stuff like a turkey. Plus I'd be wearing a 126 00:07:04,560 --> 00:07:07,440 Speaker 1: medallion right now for this time. That's right by Lizzie, 127 00:07:07,480 --> 00:07:10,640 Speaker 1: just cracking up. Yeah, guess guest producer Lizzie catch her 128 00:07:10,640 --> 00:07:13,720 Speaker 1: early in the morning, and we're funnier, all right, So 129 00:07:13,800 --> 00:07:16,000 Speaker 1: let's go ahead and get going here with the first way, 130 00:07:16,520 --> 00:07:19,200 Speaker 1: and then then the first couple are this is the 131 00:07:19,280 --> 00:07:21,560 Speaker 1: really the money is at the end of this podcast, 132 00:07:21,640 --> 00:07:24,880 Speaker 1: the most interesting part. Okay, before we we announced it, 133 00:07:24,920 --> 00:07:27,440 Speaker 1: can we get a drum roll for the first way 134 00:07:27,680 --> 00:07:29,880 Speaker 1: the sun can kill you here on Earth? Drum roll 135 00:07:29,920 --> 00:07:37,800 Speaker 1: place It is heat stroke? That's right, yes, most obviously, Uh, 136 00:07:38,560 --> 00:07:40,920 Speaker 1: you know everyone knows that the body cools itself down 137 00:07:40,960 --> 00:07:44,120 Speaker 1: by sweating. You get hot, your body tempature goes up 138 00:07:44,120 --> 00:07:46,000 Speaker 1: a little bit, the sweat kicks in. In my case, 139 00:07:46,440 --> 00:07:49,160 Speaker 1: it can be cold outside and the sweat still kicks in. 140 00:07:49,960 --> 00:07:52,160 Speaker 1: Or you could be in like a fifty degree body 141 00:07:52,200 --> 00:07:56,080 Speaker 1: of water. I will never die of heat stroke, but 142 00:07:56,120 --> 00:07:59,080 Speaker 1: you can dive. Heat stroke. It's when your body temperature 143 00:07:59,160 --> 00:08:01,760 Speaker 1: rises above a hund in four degrees and stays there 144 00:08:02,240 --> 00:08:07,280 Speaker 1: for a prolonged period. And um, that basically means, you know, 145 00:08:07,400 --> 00:08:10,440 Speaker 1: you can't find shade. It's probably you're either an infant 146 00:08:10,600 --> 00:08:13,239 Speaker 1: stuck in a car, which is the saddest. That's pretty 147 00:08:13,560 --> 00:08:16,240 Speaker 1: you're elderly and you're you know, somehow shut in or 148 00:08:16,280 --> 00:08:19,800 Speaker 1: infirmed and your power goes out, which is equally sad. 149 00:08:20,240 --> 00:08:22,520 Speaker 1: Or you're probably trapped if you're just a healthy adult 150 00:08:22,600 --> 00:08:26,000 Speaker 1: out in the desert or something. And heat stroking. There's 151 00:08:26,080 --> 00:08:29,680 Speaker 1: three things. Heat strokes the third in a series of 152 00:08:29,920 --> 00:08:33,960 Speaker 1: escalating problems. Right, you have heat cramps and then heat exhaustion, 153 00:08:34,040 --> 00:08:37,000 Speaker 1: and then heat stroke and when you have heat stroke 154 00:08:37,040 --> 00:08:39,920 Speaker 1: here in big trouble. Um. So your body is two 155 00:08:39,960 --> 00:08:42,800 Speaker 1: ways of cooling itself down sweating like you said, and 156 00:08:42,840 --> 00:08:45,880 Speaker 1: then pumping your blood close to the surface of your skin, 157 00:08:46,400 --> 00:08:48,959 Speaker 1: which pressed which is pressed up against the ambient air 158 00:08:49,040 --> 00:08:52,040 Speaker 1: which should be cooler, which is why you flush. Right Yeah, 159 00:08:52,280 --> 00:08:55,880 Speaker 1: Um in babies, like you say, if you're trapped in 160 00:08:55,880 --> 00:09:02,280 Speaker 1: a car, a baby's um sweat process mechanism isn't very 161 00:09:02,320 --> 00:09:06,120 Speaker 1: well developed, so it's not gonna get cool, right. And 162 00:09:06,160 --> 00:09:08,760 Speaker 1: then the other problem with heat stroke is you um 163 00:09:08,800 --> 00:09:12,040 Speaker 1: lose your ability to salivate, so you can't swallow. So 164 00:09:12,360 --> 00:09:14,680 Speaker 1: if you're out in the desert, even if you have water, 165 00:09:14,880 --> 00:09:18,959 Speaker 1: after a point, you can't. You can't drink fluids any longer. 166 00:09:19,040 --> 00:09:22,319 Speaker 1: They have to be introduced intravenously. That's right, that's bad news. 167 00:09:22,360 --> 00:09:24,920 Speaker 1: That's very bad news. And your blood thickens too, Chuck 168 00:09:25,480 --> 00:09:29,559 Speaker 1: with the heat stroke. Ye, really, you're one step away 169 00:09:29,600 --> 00:09:33,480 Speaker 1: from saying the word coagulate. I'm just gonna like, uh, 170 00:09:33,520 --> 00:09:35,760 Speaker 1: if you are very hot and you're overheated and you're 171 00:09:35,760 --> 00:09:38,440 Speaker 1: not cooling down, Josh, and you see some of the following, 172 00:09:39,040 --> 00:09:43,040 Speaker 1: then you're you should really try and get into some shade. 173 00:09:43,160 --> 00:09:48,120 Speaker 1: Toot sweet rapid pulse, very strong, like you said, imagine 174 00:09:48,120 --> 00:09:53,800 Speaker 1: the heart's beating really fast. Um hot, dry skin, headache, dizzy, hyperventilating, 175 00:09:53,800 --> 00:10:01,040 Speaker 1: and these I get the sense escalate as we go here, hyperventilate, confusion, nausea, seizures, hallucination, 176 00:10:01,240 --> 00:10:05,040 Speaker 1: and then unconsciousness. So if you're hallucinating, you're about to 177 00:10:05,080 --> 00:10:08,840 Speaker 1: go into the into the light or into the dark, 178 00:10:09,360 --> 00:10:11,120 Speaker 1: depending on what you want to look. Especially if your 179 00:10:11,160 --> 00:10:15,040 Speaker 1: hallucinations like get in the shade and your organs are 180 00:10:15,080 --> 00:10:19,560 Speaker 1: gonna swell, you could go into shock and you could die, Yeah, 181 00:10:19,679 --> 00:10:22,640 Speaker 1: pretty easy. Your whole body can just shut down. And 182 00:10:22,679 --> 00:10:25,000 Speaker 1: they're just from heat. That's not even from like the 183 00:10:25,040 --> 00:10:27,600 Speaker 1: sun's rays or damage or anything. That's just from getting 184 00:10:27,640 --> 00:10:31,560 Speaker 1: so hot, unbelievable. Um. And apparently when your blood does thick, 185 00:10:31,600 --> 00:10:33,440 Speaker 1: and once you hit that hundred and four to green 186 00:10:33,480 --> 00:10:35,520 Speaker 1: mark and your blisser so thick and it can't be 187 00:10:35,520 --> 00:10:37,680 Speaker 1: pumped towards the surface any longer. You're not sweating, you 188 00:10:37,720 --> 00:10:40,600 Speaker 1: can't swallow um. After that, you reach a point where 189 00:10:40,640 --> 00:10:45,520 Speaker 1: your body temperature just skyrockets up and that's that for you. Really, Yeah, 190 00:10:45,559 --> 00:10:48,520 Speaker 1: you're cooked. I wonder how high it can get. I 191 00:10:48,559 --> 00:10:52,640 Speaker 1: think it's a hundred and twelve and then you're dead. Yeah, 192 00:10:52,720 --> 00:10:54,680 Speaker 1: I know that. Like when you have a really bad fever, 193 00:10:54,720 --> 00:10:57,079 Speaker 1: if it gets up to a certain point, it's hospital time. Well, 194 00:10:57,120 --> 00:11:02,160 Speaker 1: plus a bad fever can cause brain damage, that's right, 195 00:11:02,240 --> 00:11:06,160 Speaker 1: Josh and uh I look for some Newsy items for this, 196 00:11:06,280 --> 00:11:08,320 Speaker 1: And of course it's always just some sad story about 197 00:11:08,320 --> 00:11:13,320 Speaker 1: a parking lot. But workers in Japan the nuclear reactor 198 00:11:13,360 --> 00:11:16,240 Speaker 1: site have been suffering from heat stroke and so they've 199 00:11:16,240 --> 00:11:18,000 Speaker 1: got you know, cool rooms set up, and they're very 200 00:11:18,000 --> 00:11:21,000 Speaker 1: aware of this problem from the radiation that he generated. 201 00:11:21,000 --> 00:11:23,240 Speaker 1: By the radiation, yeah, and just being in those suits 202 00:11:23,240 --> 00:11:25,920 Speaker 1: and they can't uh, you know, sweat and evaporate like 203 00:11:25,960 --> 00:11:29,760 Speaker 1: they normally could. Goodness wow, it's like add one more 204 00:11:29,960 --> 00:11:34,000 Speaker 1: risk the dangerous job they're doing. So what's what's another 205 00:11:34,040 --> 00:11:36,680 Speaker 1: way the sun can kill you? Chock uh skin cancer? 206 00:11:36,880 --> 00:11:40,640 Speaker 1: Josh um, No drum roll there, no drum roll there. Um. 207 00:11:40,960 --> 00:11:44,280 Speaker 1: The sun emits many different wavelengths of light, and the 208 00:11:44,320 --> 00:11:48,040 Speaker 1: one that is damaging to us is UV ultraviolet light 209 00:11:48,280 --> 00:11:51,520 Speaker 1: that we cannot see bluer than blue, shorter, it's bluer 210 00:11:51,559 --> 00:11:54,480 Speaker 1: than blue. Do you remember now, that's right, redder than red, 211 00:11:54,520 --> 00:11:57,960 Speaker 1: bluer than blue. We can't see it, that's right, but 212 00:11:58,080 --> 00:12:01,400 Speaker 1: we can be damaged by it very much. So, so 213 00:12:01,559 --> 00:12:04,680 Speaker 1: check there's two kinds of UV rays that hit us 214 00:12:04,720 --> 00:12:08,040 Speaker 1: here on Earth, UV A and UVB. And UV A 215 00:12:08,480 --> 00:12:13,199 Speaker 1: is the kind of ultra violet radiation that really penetrates 216 00:12:13,280 --> 00:12:16,720 Speaker 1: the skin down to the dermis um and does a 217 00:12:16,760 --> 00:12:22,040 Speaker 1: lot of cellular damage, UM DNA damage. Right. UVB is 218 00:12:22,080 --> 00:12:26,120 Speaker 1: the sun's burning rays. It's more potent actually than UV A. 219 00:12:26,760 --> 00:12:29,079 Speaker 1: But uh, first of all, it can be deflected by 220 00:12:29,280 --> 00:12:32,320 Speaker 1: window glass, so it doesn't hit us when we're inside UM. 221 00:12:32,360 --> 00:12:35,120 Speaker 1: But secondly, it can't penetrates deep into the skin, so 222 00:12:35,320 --> 00:12:39,520 Speaker 1: it doesn't cause cancer. It just burns you literally. But 223 00:12:40,040 --> 00:12:42,640 Speaker 1: UVA is the one that gets in there and can 224 00:12:42,720 --> 00:12:46,079 Speaker 1: disrupt the normal function of cells. Right, and uh, if 225 00:12:46,120 --> 00:12:49,120 Speaker 1: you get wrinkled and freckled, um, this is all because 226 00:12:49,120 --> 00:12:52,960 Speaker 1: of UV exposure. If I reckon, if you never saw 227 00:12:53,000 --> 00:12:55,280 Speaker 1: the sun's rays, he would probably look very youthful. I 228 00:12:55,320 --> 00:12:57,800 Speaker 1: would think so too, for for much longer than your 229 00:12:57,840 --> 00:13:01,640 Speaker 1: average joe out in the sun. We do have proteins 230 00:13:01,640 --> 00:13:05,199 Speaker 1: in the skin called elastin, and they're very springy and fibrous. 231 00:13:05,240 --> 00:13:09,800 Speaker 1: It helps us to stay young. But uh, UV exposure 232 00:13:09,880 --> 00:13:13,280 Speaker 1: damages and breaks down that elastin, and eventually that could 233 00:13:13,360 --> 00:13:16,600 Speaker 1: lead to lesions, tumors, that kind of thing. Right, and 234 00:13:16,760 --> 00:13:22,240 Speaker 1: UV A specifically goes in and UM basically turns our 235 00:13:22,320 --> 00:13:27,160 Speaker 1: melana sites the melanin producing pigment producing cells in the skin. 236 00:13:28,240 --> 00:13:32,600 Speaker 1: It basically says you're cancerous now because cancer is uncontrolled 237 00:13:32,600 --> 00:13:35,440 Speaker 1: cellular growth. Right, that's right. So the mel the melana 238 00:13:35,480 --> 00:13:37,920 Speaker 1: sites start to reproduce a little too quickly, then all 239 00:13:37,920 --> 00:13:39,800 Speaker 1: of a sudden you have a tumor. There are three 240 00:13:39,840 --> 00:13:42,719 Speaker 1: kinds of skin cancer, Josh, there's the basil is a 241 00:13:42,720 --> 00:13:47,080 Speaker 1: basil or basil basil I would imagine probably both, Chuck. 242 00:13:47,120 --> 00:13:49,240 Speaker 1: I think if you're from England needs say basil basil 243 00:13:49,280 --> 00:13:53,560 Speaker 1: cell carcinoma, uh, squamas cell carcinoma and melanoma. And the 244 00:13:53,600 --> 00:13:58,960 Speaker 1: first two aren't very dangerous. Um. They're about all cases 245 00:13:58,960 --> 00:14:01,839 Speaker 1: of skin cancer, the first two kinds, and you're you're 246 00:14:01,880 --> 00:14:03,560 Speaker 1: doing okay. If you have one of those, you can 247 00:14:03,600 --> 00:14:05,560 Speaker 1: get it removed. It's really not that big of a deal. 248 00:14:05,760 --> 00:14:08,160 Speaker 1: It turns to a melanoma. That's when it's serious. And 249 00:14:09,040 --> 00:14:14,360 Speaker 1: about skin cancer. Deaths are from melanoma. Yeah. And if 250 00:14:14,360 --> 00:14:17,120 Speaker 1: you if you find it early enough and treat it. 251 00:14:17,880 --> 00:14:21,480 Speaker 1: Um melanoma has a pretty high survival rate I think 252 00:14:22,800 --> 00:14:27,600 Speaker 1: survival rate um five year survival rate. If you get 253 00:14:27,640 --> 00:14:30,080 Speaker 1: it before it gets to the limps. When it hits 254 00:14:30,120 --> 00:14:33,960 Speaker 1: the limps, then the survival rates starts to drop dramatically. Yeah. 255 00:14:34,000 --> 00:14:38,360 Speaker 1: And this is an interesting fact of your whole life's 256 00:14:38,480 --> 00:14:42,320 Speaker 1: UV exposure comes before your eighteen right, And I thought 257 00:14:42,320 --> 00:14:44,360 Speaker 1: about that, and it makes perfect sense because that's when 258 00:14:44,360 --> 00:14:46,360 Speaker 1: you're a little kid who jumps like an idiot through 259 00:14:46,360 --> 00:14:48,800 Speaker 1: a sprinkler or something like that. That's when you're outside. 260 00:14:48,840 --> 00:14:53,520 Speaker 1: You're not punched over a computer. Your outdoors. Yeah, and 261 00:14:53,520 --> 00:14:55,480 Speaker 1: there's only I mean, if you're a parent, you should 262 00:14:55,520 --> 00:14:57,520 Speaker 1: take care of your child and slather them with sunscreen. 263 00:14:57,600 --> 00:15:01,200 Speaker 1: But you know, every if your kids out playing in 264 00:15:01,320 --> 00:15:03,240 Speaker 1: very active a lot, chances are you're going to be 265 00:15:03,280 --> 00:15:06,240 Speaker 1: slipping up there something. Well, but I think that I 266 00:15:06,280 --> 00:15:08,680 Speaker 1: don't know that that's necessarily okay though, I think that 267 00:15:08,760 --> 00:15:10,960 Speaker 1: needs to be a habit, you know, kind of like 268 00:15:11,120 --> 00:15:13,840 Speaker 1: your your kid, doesn't, you know, come out of the womb, 269 00:15:13,920 --> 00:15:17,280 Speaker 1: Like give me some pants and some shirt. The kid 270 00:15:17,320 --> 00:15:21,680 Speaker 1: knows to put on a pant right away, You're like, 271 00:15:21,680 --> 00:15:25,000 Speaker 1: you need to cover up. Um. I think this needs 272 00:15:25,040 --> 00:15:27,040 Speaker 1: to be part and parcel with going out if you 273 00:15:27,080 --> 00:15:29,880 Speaker 1: want to. You know, I think skin cancer is a 274 00:15:29,960 --> 00:15:33,680 Speaker 1: far greater problem than people are aware. Um. And I 275 00:15:33,720 --> 00:15:36,280 Speaker 1: think just you you make a good point in this 276 00:15:36,360 --> 00:15:39,520 Speaker 1: article that, um, it's one of the more preventable kinds 277 00:15:39,520 --> 00:15:44,240 Speaker 1: of cancers just by using sunscreen. Yeah, um, so I 278 00:15:44,240 --> 00:15:47,160 Speaker 1: think it should be part of going outside. And apparently 279 00:15:47,200 --> 00:15:51,200 Speaker 1: also not just on sunny days. On a cloudy, overcast days, 280 00:15:51,200 --> 00:15:54,200 Speaker 1: still like eight percent of the UV rays make it 281 00:15:54,240 --> 00:15:57,720 Speaker 1: to the surface containing that's too if you think that 282 00:15:57,920 --> 00:16:00,240 Speaker 1: it's not sun so it's not hurting me. That's handing 283 00:16:00,240 --> 00:16:02,560 Speaker 1: that does the same thing, Chuck. Can we talk for 284 00:16:02,600 --> 00:16:05,120 Speaker 1: a second about SPF. Can we solve the riddle of 285 00:16:05,160 --> 00:16:08,680 Speaker 1: what SPF is? Yeah, that they recommend fifteen, but I 286 00:16:08,720 --> 00:16:10,960 Speaker 1: would say higher than that if you want total protection. 287 00:16:11,000 --> 00:16:16,080 Speaker 1: They changed it recently thirty. Now American Academy of Dermatology 288 00:16:16,800 --> 00:16:19,200 Speaker 1: recommends thirty. They should double it just to be on 289 00:16:19,240 --> 00:16:22,640 Speaker 1: the side pretty much. But there I suspect that there 290 00:16:22,720 --> 00:16:25,360 Speaker 1: is something of like a mechanism like that involved. Because 291 00:16:25,680 --> 00:16:29,800 Speaker 1: SPF means a sun protection factor. Um, the number, right 292 00:16:30,560 --> 00:16:35,600 Speaker 1: is the number of times longer that product will prevent 293 00:16:35,680 --> 00:16:39,400 Speaker 1: a sunburn then unprotected skin. Right, So if it takes 294 00:16:39,440 --> 00:16:44,320 Speaker 1: ten minutes for unprotected skin to get a sunburn, SPF fifteen, 295 00:16:44,840 --> 00:16:48,280 Speaker 1: it'll take a hundred and fifty minutes in that same sunlight. Right. 296 00:16:48,880 --> 00:16:52,000 Speaker 1: The problem is they're like, well, you should still go 297 00:16:52,040 --> 00:16:55,840 Speaker 1: ahead and reapply this every two hours anyway at least 298 00:16:56,360 --> 00:16:58,840 Speaker 1: um and then after you sweat or after you're in 299 00:16:58,880 --> 00:17:02,120 Speaker 1: the water, so that two hours at the most, so 300 00:17:02,160 --> 00:17:05,240 Speaker 1: in SPF fifteen would protect you. And if they say 301 00:17:05,280 --> 00:17:09,720 Speaker 1: SPF thirty is recommended, I don't understand it. But I mean, 302 00:17:09,720 --> 00:17:13,919 Speaker 1: any idiot can look at suntan lotion it's SPS seventy 303 00:17:14,080 --> 00:17:17,400 Speaker 1: compared to SPF five and see that it's thicker. So 304 00:17:17,440 --> 00:17:19,960 Speaker 1: I guess it's just that. Either that or you can 305 00:17:19,960 --> 00:17:25,040 Speaker 1: just put primer on yourself. Right. Yeah, but that's I've 306 00:17:25,040 --> 00:17:29,520 Speaker 1: always wondered what SPF was, how they how they categorize that. Yeah, 307 00:17:29,600 --> 00:17:31,800 Speaker 1: you didn't know that un till now. Interesting, that's because 308 00:17:31,840 --> 00:17:34,479 Speaker 1: you don't wear it. I do wear it. I just 309 00:17:34,480 --> 00:17:37,760 Speaker 1: did you look like George Hamilton? I don't am I 310 00:17:37,840 --> 00:17:40,720 Speaker 1: aging or something like that. No, you're just tan. I'm 311 00:17:40,760 --> 00:17:47,359 Speaker 1: always tanned the beach oddly alright. So broccoli and if 312 00:17:47,440 --> 00:17:49,080 Speaker 1: you want to, if you want to help yourself out, 313 00:17:49,160 --> 00:17:53,440 Speaker 1: eat broccoli and eat Brussels sprouts. And if you say 314 00:17:53,720 --> 00:17:57,880 Speaker 1: I don't like Brussels sprouts, grill them. Baby, so good. 315 00:17:58,359 --> 00:18:00,920 Speaker 1: I've never had that. Yeah, man, I never eight them either. 316 00:18:00,960 --> 00:18:02,640 Speaker 1: But what you do is you get the Brussels sprouts, 317 00:18:02,680 --> 00:18:05,359 Speaker 1: you kind of chop off a little nubby end, toss 318 00:18:05,400 --> 00:18:08,280 Speaker 1: it in a bowl with some olive oil and whatever 319 00:18:08,320 --> 00:18:11,080 Speaker 1: your spices, you know, salt, pepper, rosemary, whatever you like. 320 00:18:11,560 --> 00:18:13,440 Speaker 1: Throw it on the grill and grill. It's so good. 321 00:18:13,680 --> 00:18:15,800 Speaker 1: I do the same exact thing, but instead of the grill, 322 00:18:15,880 --> 00:18:18,320 Speaker 1: I just roast them for a while until they're really 323 00:18:18,359 --> 00:18:21,760 Speaker 1: really crisp good stuff. Or another thing you can do 324 00:18:21,960 --> 00:18:24,560 Speaker 1: is you chop it in half and then do it 325 00:18:24,600 --> 00:18:27,080 Speaker 1: in the skillet and it kind of caramelizes on the 326 00:18:27,080 --> 00:18:31,399 Speaker 1: flat sides. I have a good recipe for broccoli, So 327 00:18:31,480 --> 00:18:34,320 Speaker 1: you take as much broccoli as you can find, chop 328 00:18:34,359 --> 00:18:38,480 Speaker 1: off the stalks, take the whole thing, put it into 329 00:18:38,520 --> 00:18:41,600 Speaker 1: a plastic bag, and throw it away. You don't like broccli, 330 00:18:41,680 --> 00:18:44,320 Speaker 1: I hate broccoli. That's so weird. I love broccoli. I 331 00:18:44,359 --> 00:18:46,920 Speaker 1: think broccoli is the most disgusting thing that's ever been 332 00:18:46,960 --> 00:18:49,760 Speaker 1: on this planet. I think broccoli is the worst thing 333 00:18:49,880 --> 00:18:55,960 Speaker 1: the Romans ever invented. I think I think BROCCOLI's delicious. 334 00:18:56,000 --> 00:18:59,399 Speaker 1: And they say, you know, steaming is probably the I mean, 335 00:18:59,480 --> 00:19:01,200 Speaker 1: raw is the best way to eat it. But I'm 336 00:19:01,200 --> 00:19:03,320 Speaker 1: not into raw broccoli. I have to steamine a little bit. 337 00:19:04,280 --> 00:19:07,960 Speaker 1: It is kind of tasteless, though not super flavorful. You're 338 00:19:07,960 --> 00:19:10,240 Speaker 1: just not having an area. No, I think it's disgusting, 339 00:19:10,280 --> 00:19:14,040 Speaker 1: and it's actually the taste that I can't stand. All right. 340 00:19:14,600 --> 00:19:16,439 Speaker 1: So anyway, the reason I brought all this up is 341 00:19:16,440 --> 00:19:19,120 Speaker 1: that there's a topical compound called I S C DASH 342 00:19:19,200 --> 00:19:22,680 Speaker 1: four found in these vegetables, and they think that if 343 00:19:22,720 --> 00:19:26,440 Speaker 1: they add this, uh, they've made a robust, more robust 344 00:19:26,520 --> 00:19:28,760 Speaker 1: version called I C S four and if you add 345 00:19:28,800 --> 00:19:31,280 Speaker 1: this to sunscreen, which they're trying to get done, they 346 00:19:31,320 --> 00:19:36,000 Speaker 1: think it might be able to really beef up the 347 00:19:36,040 --> 00:19:40,040 Speaker 1: skin cancer prevention by adding this stuff from these veggies 348 00:19:40,040 --> 00:19:45,159 Speaker 1: to your sunscreen. But like it enhances its protection protectiveness 349 00:19:45,400 --> 00:19:48,080 Speaker 1: very much. So it is way too early. No, I 350 00:19:48,080 --> 00:19:50,600 Speaker 1: don't think we should record at nine am any longer. 351 00:19:50,760 --> 00:19:54,119 Speaker 1: This is an emergency, all right, So, Josh. The final way, 352 00:19:54,200 --> 00:19:57,679 Speaker 1: and this is the most interesting and saddest condition of 353 00:19:57,720 --> 00:20:03,359 Speaker 1: all is called zero dar uma pigmentosum, and that is 354 00:20:03,480 --> 00:20:06,600 Speaker 1: very rare. Zero derma is Latin for dry skin, and 355 00:20:06,680 --> 00:20:11,280 Speaker 1: pigmentosum refers to the colorations, the skin colorations that you 356 00:20:11,320 --> 00:20:13,159 Speaker 1: get if you're one of the sufferers, one of the 357 00:20:13,400 --> 00:20:17,960 Speaker 1: few sufferers. Yeah, I think there's been like two cases 358 00:20:18,000 --> 00:20:20,320 Speaker 1: in the US. Yeah, at an't given moment, I think 359 00:20:20,320 --> 00:20:23,960 Speaker 1: there's about two fifty. So, Chuck, where did you find 360 00:20:24,000 --> 00:20:26,439 Speaker 1: this this condition? How did you stumble upon us when 361 00:20:26,440 --> 00:20:28,320 Speaker 1: you're writing this article? I think I was just looking 362 00:20:28,359 --> 00:20:30,120 Speaker 1: for you know, I think it came from a skin 363 00:20:30,160 --> 00:20:33,720 Speaker 1: cancer site, because you're very much likely to die from 364 00:20:33,760 --> 00:20:36,800 Speaker 1: skin cancer if you have this condition, right, probably by 365 00:20:36,800 --> 00:20:40,600 Speaker 1: the time you're middle aged. And so I think a 366 00:20:40,720 --> 00:20:45,440 Speaker 1: person with UM zero derma pigmentosa you say that there, 367 00:20:45,640 --> 00:20:48,440 Speaker 1: we'll call it XP. Okay, that's what That's what most 368 00:20:48,440 --> 00:20:51,720 Speaker 1: people call it, right, Um, people with XP are about 369 00:20:51,760 --> 00:20:55,240 Speaker 1: a thousand times more likely to develop skin cancer than 370 00:20:55,359 --> 00:20:57,560 Speaker 1: a person without it, and that can be up to 371 00:20:57,640 --> 00:21:01,119 Speaker 1: two thousand times more likely. And so this isn't like 372 00:21:01,280 --> 00:21:04,240 Speaker 1: you know, from laying out. This is like walking around 373 00:21:04,280 --> 00:21:08,720 Speaker 1: in your house, right and getting indirect UV radiation from 374 00:21:08,840 --> 00:21:13,880 Speaker 1: indirect sunlight any kind of sunlight whatsoever. Yeah, indirect direct 375 00:21:13,880 --> 00:21:18,560 Speaker 1: obviously is the worst, even fluorescent lights. Yeah, there was this. Uh, 376 00:21:18,600 --> 00:21:20,680 Speaker 1: there's been a bunch of stories about this, and they're 377 00:21:20,680 --> 00:21:24,040 Speaker 1: all very sad and titled sad titles, And this one 378 00:21:24,040 --> 00:21:26,800 Speaker 1: from the New York Times is called Midnight's Children, and 379 00:21:26,840 --> 00:21:30,600 Speaker 1: it's about Camp Sundown, which is a camp that these 380 00:21:30,600 --> 00:21:33,840 Speaker 1: parents started who have a daughter who suffers from this, 381 00:21:33,960 --> 00:21:37,320 Speaker 1: and it's basically, um, a couple of weeks out of 382 00:21:37,359 --> 00:21:39,040 Speaker 1: the year in the summer, they just have a summer 383 00:21:39,080 --> 00:21:41,760 Speaker 1: camp for kids to have this and it's all you know, 384 00:21:41,840 --> 00:21:44,720 Speaker 1: flip flop. It's all at night. All the activities are 385 00:21:45,400 --> 00:21:47,120 Speaker 1: because they can't go out in the sun at all. 386 00:21:47,680 --> 00:21:50,719 Speaker 1: And it's not just that camp, Like, don't families who 387 00:21:50,960 --> 00:21:54,919 Speaker 1: have a kid with XP half to UM basically do 388 00:21:55,040 --> 00:21:58,480 Speaker 1: that anyway, like flip flop their their nighttime and data. Yeah, 389 00:21:58,520 --> 00:22:00,639 Speaker 1: the camp is just to give them some one and 390 00:22:00,720 --> 00:22:02,520 Speaker 1: like to be able to go to camp and socialize 391 00:22:02,520 --> 00:22:05,399 Speaker 1: and flirt and do things that normal kids do. Because 392 00:22:05,440 --> 00:22:07,800 Speaker 1: one of the saddest parts about this is your sequester 393 00:22:07,920 --> 00:22:10,840 Speaker 1: to your house during the day and you're outfitted, you know, 394 00:22:10,840 --> 00:22:14,240 Speaker 1: all the windows are outfitted with the UV blockers and everything, 395 00:22:14,960 --> 00:22:17,959 Speaker 1: and um, you know, all the kids that are interviewed 396 00:22:17,960 --> 00:22:20,760 Speaker 1: are like, you know, when we're awake at night, my 397 00:22:20,840 --> 00:22:23,719 Speaker 1: friends are all asleep, so there's nothing to do at night. 398 00:22:23,760 --> 00:22:25,840 Speaker 1: And that's one of the big problems if you're a kid, 399 00:22:27,119 --> 00:22:30,439 Speaker 1: and that and infomercials are big problems of staying up 400 00:22:30,480 --> 00:22:34,439 Speaker 1: all night. Yeah, that's true, Um, chuck. They recently figured 401 00:22:34,480 --> 00:22:38,239 Speaker 1: out what people with XP are lacking. Right, it's an 402 00:22:38,280 --> 00:22:42,000 Speaker 1: end time, which is well, there's a couple of ways 403 00:22:42,000 --> 00:22:44,400 Speaker 1: to say this. The wrong way, which is what I'm 404 00:22:44,400 --> 00:22:46,080 Speaker 1: about to do, and then the right way, which will 405 00:22:46,119 --> 00:22:51,159 Speaker 1: probably never get but palmer sita that sounds right, um 406 00:22:51,440 --> 00:22:54,800 Speaker 1: or depending on which part of the same article you 407 00:22:54,840 --> 00:23:01,320 Speaker 1: want to consult, palm raise ada like the Greek letter um. Basically, 408 00:23:01,359 --> 00:23:05,920 Speaker 1: it's a it's an enzyme that allows DNA to continue 409 00:23:05,920 --> 00:23:11,480 Speaker 1: replicating successfully even when u V a yeah, UVA radiation 410 00:23:11,600 --> 00:23:15,399 Speaker 1: is damaged. It it's basically like the the shield Like 411 00:23:15,480 --> 00:23:18,040 Speaker 1: you guys keep going on, I'll stand here and take 412 00:23:18,040 --> 00:23:22,119 Speaker 1: all the bullets and uh, there's it's actually hopeful, um 413 00:23:22,160 --> 00:23:26,639 Speaker 1: that it's an enzyme because stem cell stem cells are 414 00:23:26,880 --> 00:23:31,560 Speaker 1: gang busters at replacing enzymes that are missing lacking in 415 00:23:31,560 --> 00:23:35,520 Speaker 1: in conditions. So there could be an all out cre 416 00:23:35,560 --> 00:23:37,679 Speaker 1: for this in the next decade or so. Well, there 417 00:23:37,760 --> 00:23:39,560 Speaker 1: is none now. And one of the reasons why it's 418 00:23:39,680 --> 00:23:41,960 Speaker 1: taken so long to crack the nuts, so to speak, 419 00:23:42,040 --> 00:23:46,720 Speaker 1: is that it's um. It's genetic, and both parents have 420 00:23:46,920 --> 00:23:51,720 Speaker 1: to have this gene that you inherit. So it's um 421 00:23:51,760 --> 00:23:53,879 Speaker 1: if both parents have to have it. And it's probably 422 00:23:53,880 --> 00:23:56,040 Speaker 1: not the kind of because if you have the gene 423 00:23:56,040 --> 00:23:57,919 Speaker 1: and you don't have it, you don't even think about it. 424 00:23:57,960 --> 00:24:00,840 Speaker 1: You're getting married to somebody who also has this gene 425 00:24:00,840 --> 00:24:02,720 Speaker 1: that you have no idea exists. All of a sudden, 426 00:24:02,720 --> 00:24:05,480 Speaker 1: you have a kid that's born with this, and it's 427 00:24:05,520 --> 00:24:10,640 Speaker 1: usually diagnosed by the age of two because it's so clearly, uh, 428 00:24:10,680 --> 00:24:13,000 Speaker 1: the sun so clearly damages your baby. This is the 429 00:24:13,200 --> 00:24:17,800 Speaker 1: story from New York Times. The mother describes this The 430 00:24:17,800 --> 00:24:20,280 Speaker 1: baby was about six weeks old, and we put her 431 00:24:20,280 --> 00:24:22,639 Speaker 1: to sleep in the shade of a tree. She began 432 00:24:22,760 --> 00:24:27,159 Speaker 1: screaming hysterically, like three minutes later. I mean it's not 433 00:24:27,240 --> 00:24:29,280 Speaker 1: like all day long. I mean it's literally, go out 434 00:24:29,320 --> 00:24:32,960 Speaker 1: into the sun and your skin starts blistering immediately, she said. 435 00:24:32,960 --> 00:24:34,800 Speaker 1: In less than two minutes, her arms broke out in 436 00:24:34,920 --> 00:24:38,320 Speaker 1: ferocious blisters that we thought were aunt bites. At first, 437 00:24:38,920 --> 00:24:41,040 Speaker 1: each burn began as a little pin prick, then swelled 438 00:24:41,119 --> 00:24:43,440 Speaker 1: up to the size of a quarter into a blister. 439 00:24:43,720 --> 00:24:46,119 Speaker 1: You could literally see it happening in front of your eyes, 440 00:24:46,560 --> 00:24:50,080 Speaker 1: like time lapse photography. So it's like something like a 441 00:24:50,200 --> 00:24:52,399 Speaker 1: vampire in a movie goes out and the sun just 442 00:24:52,440 --> 00:24:56,480 Speaker 1: starts like burning their skin. Wow, it's unbelievably sad and 443 00:24:56,560 --> 00:24:59,200 Speaker 1: that that damage. Like, like we said, there are one 444 00:24:59,240 --> 00:25:03,080 Speaker 1: thousand and too sometimes more likely to develop skin cancer 445 00:25:03,720 --> 00:25:07,280 Speaker 1: UM apparently, so it takes about sixty years of sun 446 00:25:07,320 --> 00:25:11,960 Speaker 1: exposure before skin cancer really develops most people UM and 447 00:25:12,160 --> 00:25:15,119 Speaker 1: people with XP it starts the same tumors can start 448 00:25:15,200 --> 00:25:19,639 Speaker 1: by age ten, so you have like skin damage, like 449 00:25:19,840 --> 00:25:23,880 Speaker 1: horrific external skin damage. But at the same time they're 450 00:25:24,000 --> 00:25:28,879 Speaker 1: the radiation damage is just working over time beneath the 451 00:25:28,880 --> 00:25:31,280 Speaker 1: surface too. Yeah, well this the same girl. You know. 452 00:25:31,359 --> 00:25:33,199 Speaker 1: They go to this pizza place at ten pm, one 453 00:25:33,240 --> 00:25:36,560 Speaker 1: of their favorite pizza joints because it doesn't have fluorescent lights, 454 00:25:37,080 --> 00:25:40,000 Speaker 1: and there's literally like a case with SODA's an ice 455 00:25:40,080 --> 00:25:42,280 Speaker 1: cream with fluorescent lights, and the kid can't even go 456 00:25:42,359 --> 00:25:45,280 Speaker 1: near that, like all the other kids are they're picking 457 00:25:45,280 --> 00:25:47,560 Speaker 1: out their ice cream and she can't do it. I mean, 458 00:25:48,200 --> 00:25:49,920 Speaker 1: she's a very sweet girl and she says, you know, 459 00:25:50,040 --> 00:25:52,000 Speaker 1: night is cool. I love the moon so much better 460 00:25:52,000 --> 00:25:54,040 Speaker 1: than the sun. And it seems like she's got a 461 00:25:54,040 --> 00:25:57,480 Speaker 1: great attitude, but it definitely it's a scary thing when 462 00:25:57,520 --> 00:26:00,159 Speaker 1: you can't play with other kids in the day light. 463 00:26:00,240 --> 00:26:02,320 Speaker 1: Like she's literally never seen the sun. She said, I've 464 00:26:02,320 --> 00:26:06,119 Speaker 1: seen it on television. Wow, isn't that sad? Yes, but 465 00:26:07,040 --> 00:26:10,439 Speaker 1: there is NASA is on the scene, right. Yeah, they 466 00:26:10,480 --> 00:26:13,879 Speaker 1: got a cool suit, yes, for like two grand, which 467 00:26:14,240 --> 00:26:17,840 Speaker 1: is relatively cheap considering what it can let you do. 468 00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:20,040 Speaker 1: But basically, you can put a kid in one of 469 00:26:20,080 --> 00:26:22,560 Speaker 1: these suits, a kid with XP and one of these suits, 470 00:26:22,680 --> 00:26:25,720 Speaker 1: and they can walk out into the into the sunlight. 471 00:26:26,200 --> 00:26:30,560 Speaker 1: It blocks I think of UV A and UVB radiation 472 00:26:31,119 --> 00:26:33,439 Speaker 1: and uh, it's bulky suit or whatever. But they can 473 00:26:33,520 --> 00:26:36,520 Speaker 1: go outside and play with their friends. So there is 474 00:26:36,600 --> 00:26:39,080 Speaker 1: some hope. There's the stem cell thing to write, and 475 00:26:39,119 --> 00:26:41,840 Speaker 1: there's Camp Sundown, which is awesome, and uh, if you 476 00:26:42,359 --> 00:26:44,320 Speaker 1: are one of the few sufferers, I'm sure you already 477 00:26:44,320 --> 00:26:47,320 Speaker 1: know about XPS, but it's the XP Society and that's 478 00:26:47,320 --> 00:26:50,159 Speaker 1: like the place to go for information and support and 479 00:26:50,160 --> 00:26:57,040 Speaker 1: stuff like that. So um mega flares, heat stroke, skin 480 00:26:57,119 --> 00:27:03,480 Speaker 1: cancer zero derma pick mintosum anything else, I don't think 481 00:27:03,520 --> 00:27:07,399 Speaker 1: so those are the way. Yeah, and actually one extra 482 00:27:07,400 --> 00:27:09,399 Speaker 1: fact about XP is a lot of the suffers go 483 00:27:09,480 --> 00:27:12,480 Speaker 1: blind because it's very harsh on the eyes as well. 484 00:27:13,720 --> 00:27:16,600 Speaker 1: I know, I'm so sorry. This is pretty heavy for 485 00:27:16,600 --> 00:27:20,280 Speaker 1: at nine am. Really is bunge you up for the day? Well, 486 00:27:20,320 --> 00:27:24,760 Speaker 1: if you wanna learn more about the sun and ways 487 00:27:24,760 --> 00:27:26,840 Speaker 1: it can kill you and you want to read Chuff 488 00:27:26,880 --> 00:27:31,919 Speaker 1: Bryant's first sentence in this one, it's good stuff. Um, 489 00:27:31,960 --> 00:27:35,040 Speaker 1: you can type in can the sun kill you in 490 00:27:35,040 --> 00:27:39,600 Speaker 1: the search bar at our venerable website How Stuff Works 491 00:27:39,640 --> 00:27:47,280 Speaker 1: dot com. Right, that's right, and it's time for listener mail. Chuck. Yes, 492 00:27:47,400 --> 00:27:49,600 Speaker 1: this is a little long, but this is actually a 493 00:27:49,680 --> 00:27:52,800 Speaker 1: follow up, and so few follow ups do we get. 494 00:27:52,880 --> 00:27:55,000 Speaker 1: This is a guy Dan. I don't know if we 495 00:27:55,119 --> 00:27:57,720 Speaker 1: read it on the air, but he was inspired by 496 00:27:57,760 --> 00:28:02,000 Speaker 1: our Bhutan podcast. Remember do you need money to be happy? 497 00:28:02,040 --> 00:28:05,520 Speaker 1: That kind of thing? That was his bouton onto something 498 00:28:05,560 --> 00:28:08,399 Speaker 1: with gross national happiness. Well yeah, but it was the 499 00:28:09,200 --> 00:28:12,720 Speaker 1: essence of it was money equating happiness and should you 500 00:28:12,760 --> 00:28:16,240 Speaker 1: give it all up and and drop out? Yeah? Yeah, well, yes, 501 00:28:16,400 --> 00:28:18,959 Speaker 1: we called for stories of the end. So this new 502 00:28:19,080 --> 00:28:22,800 Speaker 1: dan Ah did so a year and a half ago, 503 00:28:23,000 --> 00:28:24,200 Speaker 1: and he told me he was going to do it 504 00:28:24,240 --> 00:28:25,719 Speaker 1: at the time, and he actually followed up a year 505 00:28:25,720 --> 00:28:27,639 Speaker 1: and a half later. Wow, So this is like a 506 00:28:27,680 --> 00:28:30,880 Speaker 1: real test case. So two years ago I was living 507 00:28:30,920 --> 00:28:33,639 Speaker 1: the American dream, two thousand square foot house in rural 508 00:28:33,680 --> 00:28:37,320 Speaker 1: New Hampshire, working a stable job at a fortune company, 509 00:28:37,800 --> 00:28:40,720 Speaker 1: raking in at six figures. I had the dog, I 510 00:28:40,720 --> 00:28:43,640 Speaker 1: had the loving girlfriend, but my life was hell. I 511 00:28:43,680 --> 00:28:47,719 Speaker 1: worked mornings, nights, weekends, stressed beyond comprehension, and commuted two 512 00:28:47,760 --> 00:28:50,440 Speaker 1: hours a day and spent my free time doing house 513 00:28:50,440 --> 00:28:53,840 Speaker 1: related chores. Saw so little of my dog that when 514 00:28:53,840 --> 00:28:55,520 Speaker 1: I came home he didn't even get up off the 515 00:28:55,560 --> 00:29:01,520 Speaker 1: couch to greet me. That sad, lazy, Okay. My girlfriend 516 00:29:01,520 --> 00:29:04,040 Speaker 1: and I discussed the predicament and came to the conclusion 517 00:29:04,120 --> 00:29:07,600 Speaker 1: we would choose to continue. We could choose to continue 518 00:29:07,640 --> 00:29:10,840 Speaker 1: living such a dreadful life until we died, or we 519 00:29:11,000 --> 00:29:13,840 Speaker 1: can make a break for a new experience on our 520 00:29:13,880 --> 00:29:15,840 Speaker 1: own terms. So that's what they did. They put their 521 00:29:15,880 --> 00:29:18,640 Speaker 1: house on the market, sold it that spring, quit their jobs. 522 00:29:19,320 --> 00:29:21,760 Speaker 1: I got married in June with a simple celebration and 523 00:29:21,760 --> 00:29:24,720 Speaker 1: a bluegrass band, and then with only a car, our dog, 524 00:29:24,760 --> 00:29:26,960 Speaker 1: and a couple of suitcases, set off for Portland, Oregon. 525 00:29:28,000 --> 00:29:30,600 Speaker 1: I'm not sure why Portland's, but I think that's where 526 00:29:30,600 --> 00:29:34,320 Speaker 1: everybody in its situ way to started in Portlandia. Uh. 527 00:29:34,440 --> 00:29:36,479 Speaker 1: It's been close to a year now living in Portland, 528 00:29:36,520 --> 00:29:39,480 Speaker 1: and it's been an interesting experience. There was a close call. 529 00:29:39,640 --> 00:29:42,880 Speaker 1: We were running out of funds, still unemployed, and almost 530 00:29:43,080 --> 00:29:46,720 Speaker 1: cashed in on our dreams, but we were saved by 531 00:29:46,720 --> 00:29:49,200 Speaker 1: a random occurrence that landed my wife a job. They 532 00:29:49,320 --> 00:29:53,120 Speaker 1: met Daddy Warbox. Despite ten percent unemployment in Portland, we 533 00:29:53,200 --> 00:29:56,360 Speaker 1: both had jobs by January and we're confident that we 534 00:29:56,400 --> 00:29:59,280 Speaker 1: could be successful in our transition. Now we live in 535 00:29:59,320 --> 00:30:02,200 Speaker 1: a small, one room apartment and make one third of 536 00:30:02,200 --> 00:30:05,280 Speaker 1: the salary that I did back in New Hampshire. But 537 00:30:05,440 --> 00:30:08,040 Speaker 1: I only work forty hours a week. I love my job. 538 00:30:08,240 --> 00:30:11,600 Speaker 1: I have a thirty minute bicycle commute to work, which 539 00:30:11,600 --> 00:30:14,200 Speaker 1: is along the waterfront. I only drive my car twice 540 00:30:14,200 --> 00:30:17,440 Speaker 1: a month. I used to have heart palpitations from the 541 00:30:17,520 --> 00:30:20,320 Speaker 1: daily stress, now I have none. I have a lot 542 00:30:20,320 --> 00:30:22,520 Speaker 1: of free time on Monday's. My wife and I have 543 00:30:22,640 --> 00:30:26,560 Speaker 1: dance lessons. Wednesdays, I'm in a kickball league, which you 544 00:30:26,600 --> 00:30:30,120 Speaker 1: know something about. So I've played kickball with Jerry on 545 00:30:30,200 --> 00:30:34,520 Speaker 1: her team. Never should have played kickball again. Tuesday's a 546 00:30:34,600 --> 00:30:37,720 Speaker 1: volunteer to local nonprofit theater. Thursdays and Fridays that catch 547 00:30:37,840 --> 00:30:41,840 Speaker 1: several pints at the local pubs. And weekends I hike 548 00:30:42,920 --> 00:30:45,920 Speaker 1: and experienced the great things that Portland has to offer. 549 00:30:46,000 --> 00:30:49,560 Speaker 1: He's written and produced songs, and he says he actually 550 00:30:49,600 --> 00:30:51,760 Speaker 1: has saved more money now than when he had the 551 00:30:51,760 --> 00:30:54,120 Speaker 1: big six figure job. But that is so cool. Isn't 552 00:30:54,120 --> 00:30:56,520 Speaker 1: that cool? I'll bet his hair is increased in length 553 00:30:56,560 --> 00:31:00,240 Speaker 1: by at least it has. And now when I come home, 554 00:31:00,240 --> 00:31:02,240 Speaker 1: the dog is wagging his tail meeting me at the door. 555 00:31:02,960 --> 00:31:05,640 Speaker 1: So what a great ending here. He says, it hasn't 556 00:31:05,680 --> 00:31:08,760 Speaker 1: been easy on in traditional terms, but it has been 557 00:31:08,800 --> 00:31:11,880 Speaker 1: easy for us. Once you decide that what you own 558 00:31:11,960 --> 00:31:15,000 Speaker 1: has no value to you, then most things that you 559 00:31:15,000 --> 00:31:19,560 Speaker 1: worry about go away. That is so cool, Dan, And 560 00:31:19,680 --> 00:31:22,720 Speaker 1: uh yeah, that's basically the essence, he said. Having free 561 00:31:22,720 --> 00:31:24,400 Speaker 1: time is a great opportunity to get to know your 562 00:31:24,440 --> 00:31:27,880 Speaker 1: significant other, to volunteer, and to get in shape, and 563 00:31:27,960 --> 00:31:31,400 Speaker 1: that is all I have to say from Dan, well, 564 00:31:31,400 --> 00:31:36,120 Speaker 1: congratulations Dan, that's a fantastic story. Yeah, I'm literally giddy 565 00:31:36,280 --> 00:31:39,280 Speaker 1: you went from a dirty yuppie to a dirty hippie 566 00:31:39,560 --> 00:31:42,360 Speaker 1: in a year. We applaud you for it. Yes, it's 567 00:31:42,400 --> 00:31:44,720 Speaker 1: an excellent story and I'm glad he rode in. Thank 568 00:31:44,760 --> 00:31:46,920 Speaker 1: you very much for following up. Dan. Yeah, and let's 569 00:31:46,920 --> 00:31:49,960 Speaker 1: I'd like to hear from Dan every year to see 570 00:31:49,960 --> 00:31:52,120 Speaker 1: what's going on. So Dan, I challenge you to email 571 00:31:52,160 --> 00:31:56,360 Speaker 1: us again next spring. Okay, okay, how about that. That's 572 00:31:56,400 --> 00:32:01,280 Speaker 1: good stuff, Chuck Q. Have any stories of amazing transformation. 573 00:32:01,360 --> 00:32:04,120 Speaker 1: It doesn't have to be necessarily like taking a step back. 574 00:32:04,160 --> 00:32:06,720 Speaker 1: It could be anything. If you haven't seen so many 575 00:32:06,760 --> 00:32:08,280 Speaker 1: in a couple of years and they change from pointing 576 00:32:08,280 --> 00:32:10,760 Speaker 1: any to point B and it's just been astounding. We 577 00:32:10,800 --> 00:32:12,680 Speaker 1: want to hear about it. We love stories like that. Right, 578 00:32:13,560 --> 00:32:15,840 Speaker 1: you can post it on our Facebook page Facebook dot 579 00:32:15,840 --> 00:32:18,040 Speaker 1: com slash stuff you should know. You can tweet it 580 00:32:18,080 --> 00:32:21,200 Speaker 1: to us s y s K podcast, or you can 581 00:32:21,240 --> 00:32:26,040 Speaker 1: send us an old fashioned email at stuff podcast at 582 00:32:26,040 --> 00:32:32,640 Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com for moralness and thousands of 583 00:32:32,680 --> 00:32:35,160 Speaker 1: other topics. 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