1 00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:27,320 Speaker 1: Ridiculous History is a production of I Heart Radio. Welcome 2 00:00:27,360 --> 00:00:30,640 Speaker 1: to the show, Ridiculous Historians. Thank you, as always so 3 00:00:30,760 --> 00:00:34,360 Speaker 1: much for tuning in. We are recording this on a 4 00:00:34,600 --> 00:00:38,519 Speaker 1: lovely April Monday here in the fair metropolis of Atlanta, Georgia. 5 00:00:38,600 --> 00:00:40,760 Speaker 1: Let's give it up for our super producer, the one 6 00:00:40,800 --> 00:00:46,320 Speaker 1: and only Mr Max Williams. They call me Ben No No. 7 00:00:46,560 --> 00:00:48,199 Speaker 1: Do you have a good weekend? Did I have a 8 00:00:48,200 --> 00:00:56,240 Speaker 1: good weekend? Um? Yes, I think so. So we were 9 00:00:56,240 --> 00:00:59,400 Speaker 1: just talking about the golf, right, uh, honestly so, Like 10 00:00:59,440 --> 00:01:01,560 Speaker 1: I'm from a Gusta, Georgia, which is where the Augusta 11 00:01:01,680 --> 00:01:06,520 Speaker 1: National Golf Course takes place, the most exclusive and whitest 12 00:01:06,680 --> 00:01:09,760 Speaker 1: place on the planet, the Augusta National, And every year 13 00:01:09,800 --> 00:01:14,280 Speaker 1: they hold the Master's Tournament and is a real um 14 00:01:14,600 --> 00:01:17,520 Speaker 1: ship show there. And I happened to be visiting my 15 00:01:17,560 --> 00:01:20,000 Speaker 1: mom um and she lives really close to the National 16 00:01:20,120 --> 00:01:23,440 Speaker 1: Golf Course. And it's funny because a good friend of 17 00:01:23,480 --> 00:01:28,880 Speaker 1: ours and friend of the show, Frank Well Herron, his 18 00:01:29,000 --> 00:01:31,720 Speaker 1: family has these you know, Master's tickets at the enam 19 00:01:31,720 --> 00:01:33,240 Speaker 1: of the tournament, and we were talking about how you 20 00:01:33,240 --> 00:01:35,639 Speaker 1: just can't get them. They're so exclusive that they're passed 21 00:01:35,640 --> 00:01:38,560 Speaker 1: down generationally, and it's sort of a closed system and 22 00:01:38,600 --> 00:01:40,840 Speaker 1: you can like buy other people's tickets, but if you 23 00:01:41,319 --> 00:01:44,320 Speaker 1: buy someone's ticket and then you act a fool at 24 00:01:44,360 --> 00:01:46,920 Speaker 1: the master's, that will come back on the people who 25 00:01:47,000 --> 00:01:51,840 Speaker 1: you bought tickets from. So it's very uh, high society, 26 00:01:51,960 --> 00:01:54,720 Speaker 1: high falutin situation. And then I ended up back in 27 00:01:54,760 --> 00:01:58,840 Speaker 1: Atlanta as the winner. Um, some white dude was announced 28 00:01:59,080 --> 00:02:01,000 Speaker 1: and it became it. It was on the TV at 29 00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:02,720 Speaker 1: this place called the brew House and little five points 30 00:02:02,720 --> 00:02:05,320 Speaker 1: here in Atlanta, and it went from the uh, you know, 31 00:02:05,440 --> 00:02:09,760 Speaker 1: the slowest sports Alive broadcasts, you know, to the white 32 00:02:09,840 --> 00:02:13,280 Speaker 1: people hugging channel, and that's a lot of that three 33 00:02:13,360 --> 00:02:17,480 Speaker 1: under par Interesting, I love the color commentary because even 34 00:02:17,480 --> 00:02:20,440 Speaker 1: the color commentary is subdued, you know, where they say uh. 35 00:02:20,880 --> 00:02:30,280 Speaker 1: And interesting fact about this athlete. He has two different dogs, 36 00:02:31,280 --> 00:02:34,680 Speaker 1: they're both names. One of his legs is slightly shorter 37 00:02:34,760 --> 00:02:38,799 Speaker 1: than the other, and he's he's made it work. He's 38 00:02:38,840 --> 00:02:43,880 Speaker 1: made it work, and he prefers right, and he prefers 39 00:02:43,960 --> 00:02:46,480 Speaker 1: to say one leg is in fact longer than the other. 40 00:02:47,040 --> 00:02:49,320 Speaker 1: So a bit of a real glass has glass half full, 41 00:02:49,360 --> 00:02:51,799 Speaker 1: half empty, kind of guy. You know, he's a glass 42 00:02:51,880 --> 00:02:54,079 Speaker 1: glass half full guy. But I'm going e somewhere with 43 00:02:54,200 --> 00:02:56,360 Speaker 1: the last thing I say, I joke the white people 44 00:02:56,440 --> 00:02:59,840 Speaker 1: hugging channel I I kid you not. Once the win 45 00:03:00,040 --> 00:03:02,000 Speaker 1: or is announced, it is just like I gotta fill 46 00:03:02,040 --> 00:03:04,720 Speaker 1: out the broadcast day, I guess. So it just becomes 47 00:03:04,720 --> 00:03:08,240 Speaker 1: like every imaginable type of frame shot of white people hugging. 48 00:03:08,680 --> 00:03:10,480 Speaker 1: And then finally at the end when they before they 49 00:03:10,480 --> 00:03:12,239 Speaker 1: go to commercial and like where they're done with the 50 00:03:12,240 --> 00:03:15,280 Speaker 1: broadcast day. It's just a one shot kind of or 51 00:03:15,320 --> 00:03:18,440 Speaker 1: two shot rather of the winner whose name eludes me 52 00:03:18,520 --> 00:03:22,320 Speaker 1: and is irrelevant, uh and his wife slow motion hugging 53 00:03:23,480 --> 00:03:26,359 Speaker 1: said against the beautiful backdrop of the augustache, which, to 54 00:03:26,840 --> 00:03:31,200 Speaker 1: be fair, it is a feat of modern gardening engineering. 55 00:03:31,240 --> 00:03:35,480 Speaker 1: They literally freeze the flowers with liquid nitrogen in advance 56 00:03:35,880 --> 00:03:39,760 Speaker 1: of the event so that they bloom magically just right 57 00:03:39,800 --> 00:03:48,480 Speaker 1: on time. And it was it was Scotty Schleft. So 58 00:03:48,800 --> 00:03:51,240 Speaker 1: we are, yeah, we are going somewhere with this because 59 00:03:51,320 --> 00:03:55,960 Speaker 1: one thing that the spritual cultural, the culture of the 60 00:03:56,080 --> 00:03:58,920 Speaker 1: of the Masters has in common, I would say with 61 00:03:59,000 --> 00:04:04,360 Speaker 1: today's episode is there's very much a sense of exclusivity. 62 00:04:04,400 --> 00:04:07,920 Speaker 1: There's very much them versus us. An in crowd and 63 00:04:07,960 --> 00:04:12,640 Speaker 1: an outcrowd. And what we're seeing in today's story is 64 00:04:12,760 --> 00:04:17,479 Speaker 1: a story about how people can react on mass when 65 00:04:17,480 --> 00:04:22,240 Speaker 1: they feel their insider status is threatened or when they 66 00:04:22,320 --> 00:04:26,440 Speaker 1: feel the their hierarchy is being challenged somehow. And this 67 00:04:26,520 --> 00:04:31,520 Speaker 1: story takes place in London in May, the first day 68 00:04:31,560 --> 00:04:35,440 Speaker 1: of May, which is, you know, in averse creativity, home 69 00:04:35,480 --> 00:04:39,720 Speaker 1: to a celebration called May Day, you know, dance around 70 00:04:39,760 --> 00:04:44,760 Speaker 1: the may pole, marching around for various causes. But today's 71 00:04:44,760 --> 00:04:49,039 Speaker 1: stories also about a time May Day went very wrong 72 00:04:49,200 --> 00:04:53,320 Speaker 1: in London. In that's right, we're talking about London under 73 00:04:53,360 --> 00:04:57,880 Speaker 1: Henry the eighth. Um. It was a back a milion time. 74 00:04:58,160 --> 00:05:02,840 Speaker 1: Lots of carousing and drinking and cavorting. I don't know 75 00:05:02,880 --> 00:05:05,560 Speaker 1: it was what it wasn't between carousing and cavorting, I 76 00:05:05,600 --> 00:05:08,240 Speaker 1: don't we'll sort that outlier, um. But yeah, in the 77 00:05:08,279 --> 00:05:12,760 Speaker 1: sixteenth century folks in London, Um, it was kind of 78 00:05:12,960 --> 00:05:16,520 Speaker 1: it was high times. The Feast of Saint Joseph the 79 00:05:16,680 --> 00:05:21,039 Speaker 1: Laborer was another big events of the season. The start 80 00:05:21,080 --> 00:05:24,600 Speaker 1: of summer. There would be lots of boozing and schmoozing 81 00:05:24,600 --> 00:05:27,160 Speaker 1: and all that good stuff. The city would be decorated 82 00:05:27,200 --> 00:05:31,280 Speaker 1: with these beautiful kind of green bows, and folks would be, 83 00:05:31,320 --> 00:05:35,160 Speaker 1: you know, dressed in costume playing the hero of of 84 00:05:35,200 --> 00:05:37,840 Speaker 1: the working man, rob from the rich and gave the 85 00:05:37,839 --> 00:05:41,279 Speaker 1: poor and all that robin hood. But this particular may Day, 86 00:05:41,480 --> 00:05:45,080 Speaker 1: the festivities took a bit of a turn. They sure did. 87 00:05:45,600 --> 00:05:49,839 Speaker 1: Uh We're gonna learn how over one thousand people ran 88 00:05:50,320 --> 00:05:54,479 Speaker 1: uh muck through the city, wreaking havoc. Within days, hundreds 89 00:05:54,480 --> 00:05:57,840 Speaker 1: of folks got arrested, more than a baker's dozen were 90 00:05:57,880 --> 00:06:01,960 Speaker 1: executed in very messed up ways. This is the story 91 00:06:02,120 --> 00:06:06,120 Speaker 1: of evil may Day, and it's a story of xenophobia. 92 00:06:06,360 --> 00:06:08,760 Speaker 1: It's a story of social dynamics. It's a story of 93 00:06:08,800 --> 00:06:12,239 Speaker 1: panic and looking back, it is also a ridiculous story. 94 00:06:12,600 --> 00:06:14,479 Speaker 1: A lot of our research here, by the way, is 95 00:06:14,520 --> 00:06:19,600 Speaker 1: coming from an excellent Smithsonian article by Lorraine Bosigo, who 96 00:06:19,720 --> 00:06:23,919 Speaker 1: quotes an awesome professor named Paul Griffith's. The title is 97 00:06:24,000 --> 00:06:27,039 Speaker 1: on Evil made a Londoner's rioted. Not gonna read the 98 00:06:27,040 --> 00:06:30,320 Speaker 1: whole headline yet, because we're we're gonna ask some questions 99 00:06:30,360 --> 00:06:33,279 Speaker 1: for you at the end of this. So if you, 100 00:06:33,400 --> 00:06:36,240 Speaker 1: if you look back in the fifteen hundreds in London. 101 00:06:36,320 --> 00:06:38,480 Speaker 1: We we talked about this time period of a few 102 00:06:38,480 --> 00:06:41,920 Speaker 1: episodes ago. If you look back, London is a booming 103 00:06:42,040 --> 00:06:45,960 Speaker 1: city at this time in the early sixteenth century, and 104 00:06:46,200 --> 00:06:50,000 Speaker 1: because it was a hub of commerce and industry, it 105 00:06:50,080 --> 00:06:54,280 Speaker 1: also became a hub for immigration. A lot of people 106 00:06:54,440 --> 00:06:59,280 Speaker 1: from the European continent. We're coming to London for opportunities. 107 00:06:59,320 --> 00:07:02,360 Speaker 1: You know, when we talk about um, we're talking about journeyman, right, 108 00:07:02,440 --> 00:07:06,880 Speaker 1: the journeyman system. A while back, we learned journeyman would, 109 00:07:06,960 --> 00:07:09,240 Speaker 1: on their way to becoming a master their craft, they 110 00:07:09,279 --> 00:07:12,400 Speaker 1: would go where the work was. So if you were 111 00:07:12,440 --> 00:07:15,160 Speaker 1: in Italy, you probably wanted to go to Rome, that's 112 00:07:15,160 --> 00:07:17,240 Speaker 1: where all the jobs were, or you know, you wanted 113 00:07:17,240 --> 00:07:19,840 Speaker 1: to go to Prague. You wanted to find the big cities, 114 00:07:19,880 --> 00:07:23,880 Speaker 1: basically because the big cities held the jobs. So Dutch folks, 115 00:07:24,400 --> 00:07:29,040 Speaker 1: Italian folks, Russian merchants, lots of bankers as well. They 116 00:07:29,040 --> 00:07:33,680 Speaker 1: all came to London, which was fine. It was okay 117 00:07:33,720 --> 00:07:37,560 Speaker 1: with most people so long as the economy was doing 118 00:07:37,640 --> 00:07:40,400 Speaker 1: well and so long as they weren't in the grips 119 00:07:40,440 --> 00:07:45,680 Speaker 1: of a terrible epidemic or plague. Unfortunately, around this time period, 120 00:07:45,760 --> 00:07:50,720 Speaker 1: fifteen seventeen early fifteen hundreds, London did have an economic downturn. 121 00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:54,760 Speaker 1: They did have an epidemic something called sweating sickness. Have 122 00:07:54,840 --> 00:07:58,520 Speaker 1: you guys heard a sweating sickness? Yeah, it sounds pretty, uh, 123 00:07:58,720 --> 00:08:01,520 Speaker 1: pretty unpleasant. Is it a matter of like getting like 124 00:08:01,560 --> 00:08:04,520 Speaker 1: a like a bad fever. What's that? What's it caused by? 125 00:08:04,560 --> 00:08:07,160 Speaker 1: It's weird because from what I understand, I was looking 126 00:08:07,200 --> 00:08:09,360 Speaker 1: into this a little bit earlier. What I understand is 127 00:08:09,800 --> 00:08:14,880 Speaker 1: that it was a mysterious disease. We know it was contagious, 128 00:08:14,920 --> 00:08:19,400 Speaker 1: but since about the late four hundreds fourteen eighty five 129 00:08:19,520 --> 00:08:25,640 Speaker 1: or so, it was regularly infecting large parts of various countries. 130 00:08:26,600 --> 00:08:30,400 Speaker 1: We know that there are some things, some diseases we 131 00:08:30,480 --> 00:08:34,840 Speaker 1: recognize in modern medical parlance today that can cause sweating, 132 00:08:35,120 --> 00:08:41,480 Speaker 1: like tuberculosis or indocarditis, which is just affection of heart valve. 133 00:08:42,600 --> 00:08:46,240 Speaker 1: It's weird because we we could almost do an episode 134 00:08:46,240 --> 00:08:50,200 Speaker 1: of it. Honestly, the last epidemic was in fifteen fifty one, 135 00:08:50,679 --> 00:08:54,600 Speaker 1: and it hasn't it hasn't occurred in a long time since. 136 00:08:55,600 --> 00:09:00,280 Speaker 1: No one's exactly sure. They think maybe it's a sitting 137 00:09:00,360 --> 00:09:04,360 Speaker 1: numbre hand of virus. Just kind of group of virus 138 00:09:04,440 --> 00:09:08,559 Speaker 1: that usually caused kidney failure syndrome. But yeah, there was 139 00:09:08,600 --> 00:09:11,400 Speaker 1: a mystery disease. Let's for our purposes today. That's the 140 00:09:11,440 --> 00:09:14,600 Speaker 1: scary part. Not only was the economy in the crapper, 141 00:09:14,920 --> 00:09:18,400 Speaker 1: but also people were getting sick and no one knew why. 142 00:09:18,440 --> 00:09:21,880 Speaker 1: This was not a problem that John Snow could solve 143 00:09:22,040 --> 00:09:24,800 Speaker 1: like Colt like he did with cholera. I don't know, man, 144 00:09:25,000 --> 00:09:27,360 Speaker 1: Maybe we talked a little bit about the economics because 145 00:09:27,760 --> 00:09:31,760 Speaker 1: this kind of yeah, almost always goes hand in hand 146 00:09:31,880 --> 00:09:35,319 Speaker 1: with economic problems. Yeah, so there was a certain boom 147 00:09:35,360 --> 00:09:39,679 Speaker 1: time element at play, with wheat prices being pretty low 148 00:09:39,960 --> 00:09:42,520 Speaker 1: um in the early part of the sixteenth century. The 149 00:09:42,559 --> 00:09:46,640 Speaker 1: harvest from fifteen sixteen saw a tiny little increase but 150 00:09:46,720 --> 00:09:50,920 Speaker 1: nothing super significant, but that paired with a decrease in 151 00:09:50,960 --> 00:09:53,960 Speaker 1: wages and something that was referred to as a droughty 152 00:09:54,000 --> 00:09:58,840 Speaker 1: and frosty winter, along with the introduction of the disease 153 00:09:58,880 --> 00:10:02,640 Speaker 1: in question, caused some of the lower to mid class 154 00:10:02,800 --> 00:10:08,800 Speaker 1: Londoners uh to become very very anxious about the future. 155 00:10:09,280 --> 00:10:13,839 Speaker 1: There was a simmering kind of tension and resentment from 156 00:10:13,880 --> 00:10:17,120 Speaker 1: the lower class against the upper class that had the 157 00:10:17,200 --> 00:10:20,640 Speaker 1: potential to be sort of a powder keg situation. Um 158 00:10:20,840 --> 00:10:24,880 Speaker 1: they're always was kind of a bit of xenophobia m 159 00:10:25,080 --> 00:10:28,439 Speaker 1: as remains the case and in many parts of Europe 160 00:10:28,880 --> 00:10:33,280 Speaker 1: with a lot of immigrants and foreigners being seen as 161 00:10:33,640 --> 00:10:36,960 Speaker 1: kind of others that referred to as strangers in their 162 00:10:37,000 --> 00:10:40,400 Speaker 1: midst in the history of Vault dot co dot uk article, 163 00:10:40,840 --> 00:10:43,079 Speaker 1: but we looked at for this episode and there was 164 00:10:43,120 --> 00:10:48,400 Speaker 1: a lag with legislation that kind of would help, you know, 165 00:10:48,559 --> 00:10:52,320 Speaker 1: sort of mediate these these tensions a bit because nothing 166 00:10:52,400 --> 00:10:56,040 Speaker 1: was put in place to limit the economic activities of immigrants, 167 00:10:56,040 --> 00:10:58,600 Speaker 1: So I do not necessarily was a good thing, but 168 00:10:58,679 --> 00:11:01,080 Speaker 1: it was something that I think the the you know, 169 00:11:01,280 --> 00:11:04,800 Speaker 1: indigenous Lendoners would have preferred to have some sort of 170 00:11:04,840 --> 00:11:08,520 Speaker 1: protection against um, you know, people coming from other countries 171 00:11:08,520 --> 00:11:11,199 Speaker 1: to take their jobs. So it wasn't until the fifteen 172 00:11:11,280 --> 00:11:13,959 Speaker 1: twenties that this kind of like listen was put in place, 173 00:11:14,000 --> 00:11:18,640 Speaker 1: but that was largely because of the riotous events of 174 00:11:18,800 --> 00:11:23,440 Speaker 1: Evil may Day, Yeah yeah, or Ill may Day as 175 00:11:23,440 --> 00:11:28,240 Speaker 1: it was also known. There was this palpable sense of 176 00:11:28,400 --> 00:11:32,080 Speaker 1: tension in Old London town at this time. The kind 177 00:11:32,120 --> 00:11:34,600 Speaker 1: of stuff you could cut with a butter knife through 178 00:11:34,640 --> 00:11:38,720 Speaker 1: the air. This was also on the rump end of 179 00:11:38,760 --> 00:11:42,600 Speaker 1: the War of the League of Cambra, a war against France. 180 00:11:42,880 --> 00:11:47,080 Speaker 1: England had fought this on and off for years and years, 181 00:11:47,200 --> 00:11:50,080 Speaker 1: and it had an enormous cost, both in terms of 182 00:11:50,120 --> 00:11:54,520 Speaker 1: blood and in terms of treasure. And religious authorities were 183 00:11:54,679 --> 00:12:01,640 Speaker 1: super anxious about all kinds of heretics and lasphemer's who 184 00:12:01,640 --> 00:12:04,520 Speaker 1: were waging a war for the hearts and minds of 185 00:12:04,520 --> 00:12:08,440 Speaker 1: the faithful. Fund side note, Just a few months later 186 00:12:09,000 --> 00:12:12,160 Speaker 1: this same year, in October, Martin Luther would dale his 187 00:12:12,360 --> 00:12:18,400 Speaker 1: famous n theses to the door. So these issues all 188 00:12:18,480 --> 00:12:23,720 Speaker 1: inner mix in this gumbo of this gumbo of bad vibes, 189 00:12:24,120 --> 00:12:26,640 Speaker 1: and uh, they have gumbo at the time. I'm just 190 00:12:26,800 --> 00:12:31,439 Speaker 1: editorializing a lot of the cosmics. Right right, It moves 191 00:12:31,480 --> 00:12:33,559 Speaker 1: to the beat of jazz. We used to joke about 192 00:12:33,600 --> 00:12:37,720 Speaker 1: that and how it moves to jazz. Londoners started to 193 00:12:37,920 --> 00:12:42,240 Speaker 1: question the legitimacy and the wisdom of their government, and 194 00:12:42,440 --> 00:12:45,839 Speaker 1: Shannon McSheffrey, who is a professor of history at Concordia 195 00:12:45,960 --> 00:12:50,439 Speaker 1: University in Montreal, said, quote, artisans and English merchants were 196 00:12:50,520 --> 00:12:53,760 Speaker 1: united in a sense against these foreigners who are coming 197 00:12:53,800 --> 00:12:57,760 Speaker 1: in and had unfair advantages, allowing them to prosper while 198 00:12:57,760 --> 00:13:01,600 Speaker 1: the English board had economic problems. By the way, we're 199 00:13:01,600 --> 00:13:05,080 Speaker 1: talking about these foreigners, which Londoners of the time called 200 00:13:05,080 --> 00:13:08,679 Speaker 1: them strangers, not foreigners. They just said these strangers and 201 00:13:08,800 --> 00:13:18,360 Speaker 1: our shows. But there weren't a whole bunch of them. 202 00:13:18,640 --> 00:13:23,320 Speaker 1: Most estimates say they were about fifty thou people in 203 00:13:23,559 --> 00:13:27,280 Speaker 1: London at this time. Two percent of those were born 204 00:13:27,400 --> 00:13:31,680 Speaker 1: somewhere else. At the most extreme estimate, maybe six percent 205 00:13:31,760 --> 00:13:34,640 Speaker 1: were born somewhere else, but it was by no means 206 00:13:34,960 --> 00:13:39,720 Speaker 1: a huge minority the population. Still, there was a lot 207 00:13:39,760 --> 00:13:45,920 Speaker 1: of widespread poverty. People's lives were terrible. Folks were getting sweating, sickness, 208 00:13:46,120 --> 00:13:49,880 Speaker 1: you name it. And that's something that Paul Griffith's, who 209 00:13:49,960 --> 00:13:53,080 Speaker 1: is a professor at Iowa State University, mentions he's a 210 00:13:53,160 --> 00:13:57,640 Speaker 1: history professor. He noted that there was this sense among 211 00:13:57,760 --> 00:14:03,720 Speaker 1: the working class, especially that these strangers were taking work 212 00:14:03,800 --> 00:14:11,679 Speaker 1: away from honest london Ers and that they would they 213 00:14:11,679 --> 00:14:17,280 Speaker 1: would control various industries, particularly the wool trade. So the 214 00:14:17,320 --> 00:14:20,720 Speaker 1: idea was that there was an insidious conspiracy on the 215 00:14:20,840 --> 00:14:26,360 Speaker 1: part of some of these foreigners, which obviously is not true. 216 00:14:26,840 --> 00:14:30,760 Speaker 1: But when people are in desperate times, they often want 217 00:14:30,800 --> 00:14:33,480 Speaker 1: to have an enemy well, and they're vying for limited 218 00:14:33,520 --> 00:14:38,400 Speaker 1: resources and real estates and um supremacy in these particular industries. 219 00:14:38,600 --> 00:14:40,400 Speaker 1: And frankly, I mean a lot of times, you know, 220 00:14:40,640 --> 00:14:42,640 Speaker 1: folks that are litill come in from other countries or 221 00:14:42,680 --> 00:14:44,720 Speaker 1: they have it way worse, are gonna have a better 222 00:14:44,720 --> 00:14:46,640 Speaker 1: work ethic and they're gonna come in and like set 223 00:14:46,680 --> 00:14:50,440 Speaker 1: up shop and absolutely kick ass. Let's take a big claim. 224 00:14:50,920 --> 00:14:55,320 Speaker 1: And if there aren't either laws in place or oversight 225 00:14:55,640 --> 00:14:58,920 Speaker 1: or some way of keeping things, you know, quote unquote fair, 226 00:14:59,360 --> 00:15:01,640 Speaker 1: then you're all is going to have people who want 227 00:15:01,680 --> 00:15:04,320 Speaker 1: to see themselves as better than another group that's quote 228 00:15:04,360 --> 00:15:08,040 Speaker 1: unquote coming in to take what's theirs. Uh. And without 229 00:15:08,200 --> 00:15:12,320 Speaker 1: some form of of mediation or at least oversight, this 230 00:15:12,440 --> 00:15:15,280 Speaker 1: can blow up because you know, especially when you're dealing 231 00:15:15,280 --> 00:15:17,880 Speaker 1: with folks who are living on the edge of poverty, 232 00:15:18,200 --> 00:15:21,520 Speaker 1: you're going to have these tensions potentially erupt. Uh. And 233 00:15:21,520 --> 00:15:23,200 Speaker 1: and they did. And this is a big part of it, 234 00:15:23,280 --> 00:15:26,400 Speaker 1: like I said, was because of finite kind of infrastructure, 235 00:15:26,440 --> 00:15:29,240 Speaker 1: things like the geography of the city. Griffiths goes on 236 00:15:29,320 --> 00:15:32,720 Speaker 1: to say that some of the foreign merchants UM lived 237 00:15:32,720 --> 00:15:36,280 Speaker 1: in what we're referred to as liberties, which were essentially, 238 00:15:36,880 --> 00:15:41,800 Speaker 1: you know, racially divided enclaves like St Martin Legrand, which 239 00:15:41,800 --> 00:15:45,200 Speaker 1: were outside of the city UM and had their own 240 00:15:45,400 --> 00:15:48,560 Speaker 1: sort of self sufficient government, which was perceived as an 241 00:15:48,560 --> 00:15:51,760 Speaker 1: advantage for the foreigners, who, you know, we're able to 242 00:15:51,800 --> 00:15:55,280 Speaker 1: kind of band together and get this special treatment. And 243 00:15:55,400 --> 00:15:57,240 Speaker 1: they looked at it as as as an excuse for 244 00:15:57,320 --> 00:15:59,400 Speaker 1: them to not have to learn the language that I 245 00:15:59,440 --> 00:16:03,000 Speaker 1: have to proper league, you know, integrate into London life. Yeah, 246 00:16:03,080 --> 00:16:05,680 Speaker 1: I want to. I want to further set up something. Uh, 247 00:16:05,880 --> 00:16:11,640 Speaker 1: fellow ridiculous historians. This is not me defending the xenophobic crowd, 248 00:16:11,720 --> 00:16:14,000 Speaker 1: but there is. There are a couple of things in 249 00:16:14,040 --> 00:16:21,760 Speaker 1: addition to the Liberties that really ticked off native london Ers, 250 00:16:21,800 --> 00:16:26,640 Speaker 1: and it's this Henry the eighth and the crown. They 251 00:16:26,800 --> 00:16:31,720 Speaker 1: had an iron grip on what guilds and city governments 252 00:16:31,760 --> 00:16:34,960 Speaker 1: could and could not do. They could set up rules 253 00:16:34,960 --> 00:16:40,640 Speaker 1: regarding trade and production, but the king could veto those rules. 254 00:16:40,840 --> 00:16:45,840 Speaker 1: They wouldn't apply to foreign artist. So Professor McSheffrey points 255 00:16:45,840 --> 00:16:48,720 Speaker 1: out something that seems silly now, but we have to understand, 256 00:16:48,720 --> 00:16:51,880 Speaker 1: this made a lot of cobblers livid. If you were 257 00:16:51,920 --> 00:16:55,920 Speaker 1: a four and shoemaker, the King would let you make 258 00:16:56,040 --> 00:17:01,080 Speaker 1: shoes and styles that native London shoemakers were permitted to make. 259 00:17:01,920 --> 00:17:05,359 Speaker 1: And this meant that the aristocracy was gonna buy the 260 00:17:05,480 --> 00:17:08,520 Speaker 1: hot new sneakers, you know what I mean, for lack 261 00:17:08,560 --> 00:17:11,200 Speaker 1: of a better word. But because of this, they were 262 00:17:11,680 --> 00:17:16,800 Speaker 1: given advantages, they were given distinct advantages. So this wasn't 263 00:17:17,200 --> 00:17:20,320 Speaker 1: these objections weren't coming out of nowhere. But John Lincoln 264 00:17:20,600 --> 00:17:25,080 Speaker 1: and the priest Dr Bell absolutely capitalized on this. In 265 00:17:25,119 --> 00:17:30,040 Speaker 1: the weeks before May Day, John Lincoln started going around 266 00:17:30,119 --> 00:17:34,359 Speaker 1: to priest and saying, look, the big Easter sermon is 267 00:17:34,400 --> 00:17:36,840 Speaker 1: coming up. You need to talk about the problem with 268 00:17:36,920 --> 00:17:41,000 Speaker 1: these strangers taking over London. To be clear, Lincoln himself 269 00:17:41,080 --> 00:17:44,560 Speaker 1: was not a priest. He was a merchant, He was 270 00:17:44,600 --> 00:17:46,840 Speaker 1: a broker, and he had a lot of ties in 271 00:17:47,000 --> 00:17:50,840 Speaker 1: government and in trade, and he managed to convince one guy, 272 00:17:51,160 --> 00:17:55,280 Speaker 1: one priest, Dr Bell, to talk about this. In his 273 00:17:55,920 --> 00:18:00,320 Speaker 1: address at the St Mary's Spittal, he told his idiots 274 00:18:00,600 --> 00:18:05,080 Speaker 1: foreigners eat the bread from poor fatherless children, and told 275 00:18:05,080 --> 00:18:08,560 Speaker 1: the English to cherish and defend themselves and two hood 276 00:18:08,680 --> 00:18:12,640 Speaker 1: and grieve aliens. Not very christ like I would say, yeah, 277 00:18:12,920 --> 00:18:16,439 Speaker 1: just gross uh christ like at all. Um. But this 278 00:18:16,600 --> 00:18:20,280 Speaker 1: nationalistic you know, taking advantage of these tensions and you know, 279 00:18:20,359 --> 00:18:23,439 Speaker 1: of poor people who are concerned for their livelihood and 280 00:18:23,480 --> 00:18:25,960 Speaker 1: for being able to you know, provide for their children. 281 00:18:26,040 --> 00:18:29,000 Speaker 1: The idea of the evil foreigners stealing bread of the 282 00:18:29,040 --> 00:18:32,120 Speaker 1: mouth of the elderly and the in the week, and 283 00:18:32,119 --> 00:18:34,879 Speaker 1: and you know, the the youth and all that stuff. 284 00:18:35,119 --> 00:18:37,159 Speaker 1: We see this all the time. We see this like 285 00:18:37,200 --> 00:18:39,919 Speaker 1: with you know, like World War two and then Hitler 286 00:18:39,960 --> 00:18:44,360 Speaker 1: and him taking over after the crushing defeat that Germany 287 00:18:44,359 --> 00:18:47,640 Speaker 1: saw during World War One and all of the um, 288 00:18:47,680 --> 00:18:51,520 Speaker 1: you know, the hardships of that brought. And we've seen 289 00:18:51,560 --> 00:18:54,240 Speaker 1: it in the United States of America. The idea of 290 00:18:54,280 --> 00:18:58,160 Speaker 1: you know, highlighting the otherness of groups that quote unquote 291 00:18:58,200 --> 00:19:00,840 Speaker 1: don't belong here, you know, using these dog whistle kind 292 00:19:00,880 --> 00:19:03,960 Speaker 1: of terms. This goes well beyond dog whistle terms. And 293 00:19:04,000 --> 00:19:06,960 Speaker 1: it's very straight to the point basically saying, yeah, we're 294 00:19:06,960 --> 00:19:10,639 Speaker 1: gonna demonize the hell out of these people and cause uh, 295 00:19:10,680 --> 00:19:14,080 Speaker 1: you know Native Londoners to rise up, right, Isn't that 296 00:19:14,119 --> 00:19:16,720 Speaker 1: essentially what he's asking people to do. Oh yeah, man, 297 00:19:16,800 --> 00:19:21,760 Speaker 1: he's it. Also if you want to more recent historical example, 298 00:19:22,080 --> 00:19:24,560 Speaker 1: unfortunately dot to look far at all. But you see 299 00:19:24,600 --> 00:19:27,639 Speaker 1: this in the US today, whatever the economy is not 300 00:19:27,800 --> 00:19:30,800 Speaker 1: doing well. You also see it in films like Gangs 301 00:19:30,840 --> 00:19:33,480 Speaker 1: of New York, which is almost a beat by beast 302 00:19:33,520 --> 00:19:40,600 Speaker 1: example of rilling up the lower socio economic strata against immigrants, 303 00:19:40,640 --> 00:19:43,240 Speaker 1: even though they're both working class and have much more 304 00:19:43,240 --> 00:19:45,439 Speaker 1: in common with each other than they do with the 305 00:19:45,520 --> 00:19:48,640 Speaker 1: ruling powers with the brass. That's true. I actually recently 306 00:19:48,680 --> 00:19:52,720 Speaker 1: just watched the Steven Spielberg remake of West Side Story, 307 00:19:53,080 --> 00:19:55,240 Speaker 1: and if you're in the musical theater at all or 308 00:19:55,280 --> 00:19:57,760 Speaker 1: just good film, I highly recommend it. I thought it 309 00:19:57,800 --> 00:20:00,720 Speaker 1: was fantastic. I loved every second of it. But it 310 00:20:00,800 --> 00:20:04,359 Speaker 1: is about, you know, these native kind of New Yorkers 311 00:20:04,480 --> 00:20:07,679 Speaker 1: um and then this their gang in the jets versus 312 00:20:07,800 --> 00:20:11,240 Speaker 1: these immigrants from Puerto Rico, which was newly declared I 313 00:20:11,280 --> 00:20:14,280 Speaker 1: believe been correctly if I'm wrong, in that era a 314 00:20:14,359 --> 00:20:17,199 Speaker 1: territory of the United States, so they were able to 315 00:20:17,240 --> 00:20:20,000 Speaker 1: immigrate much more easily. And then they you know, built 316 00:20:20,080 --> 00:20:22,440 Speaker 1: all these shops and did what I was describing earlier 317 00:20:22,560 --> 00:20:24,920 Speaker 1: and kind of like bootstrapping and all that stuff. And 318 00:20:25,000 --> 00:20:27,919 Speaker 1: there was a lot of instant resentment which was fed 319 00:20:28,480 --> 00:20:32,760 Speaker 1: and almost encouraged by the higher ups in the police force. 320 00:20:33,040 --> 00:20:34,920 Speaker 1: You know, you've got your officer crub Key, who's on 321 00:20:34,960 --> 00:20:36,920 Speaker 1: the street just trying to keep law in order. But 322 00:20:36,920 --> 00:20:39,600 Speaker 1: then you've got the detective character who is secretly when 323 00:20:39,640 --> 00:20:43,280 Speaker 1: the Puerto Rican gang leaves, is basically encouraging the jets 324 00:20:43,280 --> 00:20:47,000 Speaker 1: to keep doing what they're doing. And this, and in 325 00:20:47,280 --> 00:20:50,080 Speaker 1: all many of these cases, what you see is a 326 00:20:50,280 --> 00:20:53,840 Speaker 1: call to arms or a call to action on behalf 327 00:20:53,880 --> 00:20:58,800 Speaker 1: of a local authority. So it might be a business person, 328 00:20:59,040 --> 00:21:02,160 Speaker 1: it might be a religious figure. That's what was happening 329 00:21:02,240 --> 00:21:05,960 Speaker 1: here in London. This got a lot of attention. We 330 00:21:06,040 --> 00:21:11,399 Speaker 1: have a quote from a Venetian ambassador who was writing 331 00:21:11,440 --> 00:21:15,679 Speaker 1: about this on the fifth of May in fifteen seventeen. 332 00:21:15,920 --> 00:21:19,399 Speaker 1: This is a little bit long, but it's important. It's explicit. 333 00:21:19,480 --> 00:21:22,119 Speaker 1: So I suggest that we divide and conquer here and 334 00:21:22,200 --> 00:21:26,840 Speaker 1: old all right, So he says, after Easter, a certain preacher, 335 00:21:27,000 --> 00:21:30,160 Speaker 1: at the instigation of a citizen of London, preached as 336 00:21:30,240 --> 00:21:32,600 Speaker 1: usual in the fields where the whole city was in 337 00:21:32,600 --> 00:21:35,760 Speaker 1: the habit of assembling with the magistrates. He abused the 338 00:21:35,880 --> 00:21:39,760 Speaker 1: strangers in town and their manner and customs. And pause 339 00:21:39,840 --> 00:21:42,359 Speaker 1: here because the next part is important. The next part 340 00:21:42,440 --> 00:21:45,159 Speaker 1: is just not him having a problem, it's him telling 341 00:21:45,200 --> 00:21:47,840 Speaker 1: them to do stuff. M Yeah, so it goes on 342 00:21:47,920 --> 00:21:50,480 Speaker 1: to say, in addition to uh abusing the strangers in 343 00:21:50,560 --> 00:21:53,560 Speaker 1: town and their manner and customs, he also allowed that 344 00:21:53,600 --> 00:21:57,040 Speaker 1: they not only deprived the English of their industry and 345 00:21:57,080 --> 00:22:01,159 Speaker 1: of the profits arising therefrom but this on their dwellings 346 00:22:01,240 --> 00:22:07,560 Speaker 1: by taking their wives and daughters. Oh. Really gross fearmongering 347 00:22:07,720 --> 00:22:12,480 Speaker 1: and that othering um with this exasperating language and much more. Besides, 348 00:22:12,520 --> 00:22:15,600 Speaker 1: he's so irritated the populace, that's putting it lightly that 349 00:22:15,680 --> 00:22:19,320 Speaker 1: they threatened to cut the strangers to pieces and sack 350 00:22:19,480 --> 00:22:23,119 Speaker 1: their houses on the first of May. And that's quoted 351 00:22:23,160 --> 00:22:26,640 Speaker 1: as Venetian ambassador who is literally just kind of standing 352 00:22:26,680 --> 00:22:31,760 Speaker 1: aghast watching this on fifth of May seventeen. Yeah. So 353 00:22:31,920 --> 00:22:35,840 Speaker 1: this is this is far beyond just free speech about 354 00:22:35,840 --> 00:22:38,399 Speaker 1: having a problem. This is and they didn't have the 355 00:22:38,440 --> 00:22:41,320 Speaker 1: same free speech laws obviously, but it is directly telling 356 00:22:41,880 --> 00:22:45,440 Speaker 1: people in the crowd to attack these folks and Mick 357 00:22:45,480 --> 00:22:48,160 Speaker 1: Scheffrey says, you got a bunch of young men together. Yeah, 358 00:22:48,160 --> 00:22:54,040 Speaker 1: alcohol and grievances and righteous calls for patriotism, then their 359 00:22:54,119 --> 00:22:58,920 Speaker 1: combustible situations. So in the final days of April, We've 360 00:22:58,960 --> 00:23:02,680 Speaker 1: got a great recount of this from an author named C. 361 00:23:02,960 --> 00:23:06,800 Speaker 1: Bloom in their book Violent London, two thousand Years of Riots, 362 00:23:06,840 --> 00:23:11,399 Speaker 1: Rebels and revolts. Foreigners start getting man handled in the street, 363 00:23:11,560 --> 00:23:14,359 Speaker 1: you know what I mean. Like, let's say you're a 364 00:23:14,480 --> 00:23:18,159 Speaker 1: Dutch shoemaker. You're walking by, and then somebody like spits 365 00:23:18,200 --> 00:23:21,280 Speaker 1: on you. Someone just shoulder checks you, and he gets 366 00:23:21,280 --> 00:23:25,439 Speaker 1: worse and worse, and the word is out. There's something 367 00:23:25,640 --> 00:23:30,560 Speaker 1: fell in the wind. By April, the rumor is that 368 00:23:30,720 --> 00:23:35,280 Speaker 1: Londoners are going to attack foreigners. And a guide named 369 00:23:35,320 --> 00:23:39,840 Speaker 1: Cardinal Thomas Woolsey. Here's about this. Now, he is King 370 00:23:39,920 --> 00:23:43,520 Speaker 1: Henry's right hand boy. They hang out, you know what 371 00:23:43,560 --> 00:23:46,640 Speaker 1: I mean, They trust each other. And then then this 372 00:23:46,720 --> 00:23:49,760 Speaker 1: means that Wolsey can do a lot of things for 373 00:23:49,880 --> 00:23:54,240 Speaker 1: King Henry that maybe the Crown wouldn't necessarily do officially, 374 00:23:54,520 --> 00:23:58,200 Speaker 1: so we can exercise soft power. And he says, Okay, 375 00:23:58,240 --> 00:24:00,520 Speaker 1: I'm going to get the mayor and the Alderman of 376 00:24:00,600 --> 00:24:02,960 Speaker 1: London to my house and they meet up at his 377 00:24:03,000 --> 00:24:05,800 Speaker 1: house and Woolsy and the crew said, we're gonna nip 378 00:24:05,880 --> 00:24:09,679 Speaker 1: this in the bud. We're gonna have a curfew. And 379 00:24:09,760 --> 00:24:12,720 Speaker 1: so the institute a curfew or they want to, but 380 00:24:13,520 --> 00:24:17,399 Speaker 1: they were already too late. In retrospect, it looks like 381 00:24:17,440 --> 00:24:24,280 Speaker 1: maybe the city government wasn't super keen to help stop this, uh, 382 00:24:24,359 --> 00:24:26,920 Speaker 1: this violence that was coming up on May Day because 383 00:24:27,040 --> 00:24:30,840 Speaker 1: a lot of those guys agreed that the crown was 384 00:24:31,359 --> 00:24:36,480 Speaker 1: overly favoring foreign merchants and craftsmen. And uh, one guy 385 00:24:36,560 --> 00:24:39,719 Speaker 1: did try to I don't know, this kind of ridiculous. 386 00:24:40,119 --> 00:24:45,119 Speaker 1: One guy did try to to enforce the curfew by himself, 387 00:24:45,600 --> 00:24:48,680 Speaker 1: like just him as the alderman. Uh. He found these 388 00:24:48,720 --> 00:24:52,919 Speaker 1: two guys that were out drinking and celebrating April, and 389 00:24:52,960 --> 00:24:56,200 Speaker 1: then he uh and then he was he said, okay, 390 00:24:56,280 --> 00:24:59,879 Speaker 1: you two, you young ruffians, there's a curfew, get indoors. 391 00:25:00,359 --> 00:25:02,920 Speaker 1: Get indoors for the curfew. And then the and then 392 00:25:02,960 --> 00:25:09,080 Speaker 1: a crowd swarmed him man and they whipped him six 393 00:25:09,080 --> 00:25:13,520 Speaker 1: ways to sundown. Yeah, it really escalated with rallying cries 394 00:25:13,600 --> 00:25:18,399 Speaker 1: of apprentices and clubs echoing through the streets within just 395 00:25:18,480 --> 00:25:21,000 Speaker 1: a few hours of that inciting event, and then you 396 00:25:21,080 --> 00:25:26,240 Speaker 1: had a thousand or more roughly young men all gathering 397 00:25:26,280 --> 00:25:29,640 Speaker 1: around in an area called Cheapside. And this is from 398 00:25:29,640 --> 00:25:33,320 Speaker 1: Steve Rappaport in Worlds within World, Structures of Life in 399 00:25:33,359 --> 00:25:37,359 Speaker 1: the sixteenth century London, UM. And of course we know 400 00:25:37,680 --> 00:25:43,200 Speaker 1: Thomas Moore from his treatise Utopia. UM. He was actually 401 00:25:43,520 --> 00:25:47,160 Speaker 1: something called an under sheriff at the time, that deputy. 402 00:25:47,560 --> 00:25:52,280 Speaker 1: This is definitely not the sheriff. Yeah, it's you sheriff. 403 00:25:52,840 --> 00:25:56,720 Speaker 1: I think of this dude like the alderman, the under sheriff. 404 00:25:56,920 --> 00:26:00,560 Speaker 1: It's it's one of those titles that doesn't sound for stigious, 405 00:26:00,640 --> 00:26:04,320 Speaker 1: does it, No, not particularly, But he's that he's that 406 00:26:04,400 --> 00:26:06,439 Speaker 1: saying uh. And you know, we know, you know, he 407 00:26:06,480 --> 00:26:09,439 Speaker 1: becomes a very important political figure in terms of just 408 00:26:09,480 --> 00:26:12,879 Speaker 1: like modern political theory, you know, with Utopia. By the 409 00:26:12,920 --> 00:26:15,359 Speaker 1: time he was he was installed in this kind of 410 00:26:15,400 --> 00:26:20,520 Speaker 1: like bureaucratic role and um, he was an observer of 411 00:26:20,520 --> 00:26:23,600 Speaker 1: all of this and and and under his leadership, the 412 00:26:23,680 --> 00:26:27,879 Speaker 1: authorities were almost nearly able to get a handle on things. 413 00:26:27,960 --> 00:26:33,119 Speaker 1: But the mob proved to be a little too expansive 414 00:26:33,200 --> 00:26:37,440 Speaker 1: and hardheaded and potentially super drunk. That's the thing too. 415 00:26:37,480 --> 00:26:42,040 Speaker 1: You mentioned alcohol and uh, you know, righteous grievances. That 416 00:26:42,160 --> 00:26:45,200 Speaker 1: is a hell of a drug combo right there. And 417 00:26:45,280 --> 00:26:50,480 Speaker 1: so people started uh looting shops along St. Martin Legrand, which, 418 00:26:50,480 --> 00:26:54,000 Speaker 1: as we said, was that um enclave, this one um 419 00:26:54,040 --> 00:26:57,960 Speaker 1: the shoemakers in this region would have largely been Dutch. 420 00:26:58,400 --> 00:27:01,440 Speaker 1: So then we have the Lieutenant of the Tower of London, 421 00:27:01,760 --> 00:27:06,240 Speaker 1: Sir Richard Charmley, it was a very British name, and 422 00:27:06,320 --> 00:27:09,720 Speaker 1: he ordered his men to go down there and start 423 00:27:09,760 --> 00:27:14,280 Speaker 1: opening fire like yeah. In this article in Smithsonian, the 424 00:27:14,960 --> 00:27:20,640 Speaker 1: quote is firing ordinance, But I mean that's basically just bullets, right, ordinances, 425 00:27:20,800 --> 00:27:24,800 Speaker 1: just like big bullets. They were firing into the crowd. Yeah, 426 00:27:26,119 --> 00:27:29,600 Speaker 1: and this this is not you know, this is something 427 00:27:29,640 --> 00:27:34,560 Speaker 1: that's frowned upon by world governments today. But even firing 428 00:27:34,640 --> 00:27:39,000 Speaker 1: at civilians didn't stop their pillaging. They went beyond St 429 00:27:39,040 --> 00:27:45,720 Speaker 1: Martin Legrand. They were sacking and pillaging any neighborhood that 430 00:27:45,880 --> 00:27:49,679 Speaker 1: have foreign apprentices living in it and traders. And you 431 00:27:49,680 --> 00:27:54,800 Speaker 1: know also there were actual native born Londoners living there. 432 00:27:54,840 --> 00:27:56,760 Speaker 1: But if they were in the wrong neighborhood, their shop 433 00:27:56,800 --> 00:27:59,920 Speaker 1: will be up for grabs. Two. Finally, the Lord's Marchant 434 00:28:00,080 --> 00:28:05,960 Speaker 1: with some minute arms. In the early hours of May one, 435 00:28:06,680 --> 00:28:11,480 Speaker 1: they put down multiple riots across London. Eventually there were 436 00:28:11,760 --> 00:28:18,040 Speaker 1: an estimated twenty five thousand troops inside and around central London. 437 00:28:18,119 --> 00:28:20,640 Speaker 1: This this went on for about four or five hours, 438 00:28:21,400 --> 00:28:24,760 Speaker 1: I guess. Also, it's interesting the way it's described. If 439 00:28:24,800 --> 00:28:28,040 Speaker 1: we go back to the Venetian ambassador we mentioned the 440 00:28:28,359 --> 00:28:33,440 Speaker 1: gang of roaming ne'er do wells and rioters, they're described 441 00:28:33,480 --> 00:28:37,080 Speaker 1: as wearing themselves out, which in my mind means maybe 442 00:28:37,119 --> 00:28:40,640 Speaker 1: they got exhausted because they were drinking a lot and also, 443 00:28:40,800 --> 00:28:46,600 Speaker 1: you know, rioting is an energy intensive activity. Uh yeah, 444 00:28:46,640 --> 00:28:48,560 Speaker 1: but they're covering a lot of ground. I mean, they're 445 00:28:48,560 --> 00:28:50,920 Speaker 1: getting a lot of steps in, not to mention that 446 00:28:51,000 --> 00:28:54,520 Speaker 1: they're you know, potentially doing beat downs along the way 447 00:28:54,520 --> 00:28:58,520 Speaker 1: and smashing shop windows and yelling a lot presumably, So yeah, 448 00:28:58,720 --> 00:29:01,200 Speaker 1: I can see how they get a little bit tuckered 449 00:29:01,240 --> 00:29:04,360 Speaker 1: out after a while, especially if there's booze involved, which, 450 00:29:04,400 --> 00:29:06,600 Speaker 1: as we know in this time likely would have been beer, 451 00:29:06,680 --> 00:29:09,000 Speaker 1: which is very filling and can make you a little 452 00:29:09,000 --> 00:29:11,000 Speaker 1: bit sleepy. Yeah, and they might have run out of 453 00:29:11,040 --> 00:29:16,440 Speaker 1: beer by the point, and there was into it early on, 454 00:29:16,480 --> 00:29:17,920 Speaker 1: but then like at this point there's like as an 455 00:29:17,960 --> 00:29:20,440 Speaker 1: old suthers like full entire and wanted to take a 456 00:29:20,520 --> 00:29:24,560 Speaker 1: nap now yeah, and then okay, So this Venetian ambassador 457 00:29:24,640 --> 00:29:30,400 Speaker 1: says that he feels Cardinal Woolsey and his crew had 458 00:29:30,760 --> 00:29:34,240 Speaker 1: done the right thing and that activating these troops, even 459 00:29:34,240 --> 00:29:38,040 Speaker 1: if you're firing into a crowd, did prevent further violence. 460 00:29:38,200 --> 00:29:43,120 Speaker 1: And here's here's the weirdest part. This is not necessarily 461 00:29:43,160 --> 00:29:45,320 Speaker 1: the crux of the story in terms of the human 462 00:29:45,360 --> 00:29:48,320 Speaker 1: toll taken. There were multiple neighborhoods with a lot of 463 00:29:48,400 --> 00:29:51,960 Speaker 1: damage done, but no one had been killed, which is 464 00:29:52,040 --> 00:29:56,280 Speaker 1: amazing because what happens after the riots is the really 465 00:29:56,320 --> 00:30:04,880 Speaker 1: interesting part. It is I just want to double back 466 00:30:04,920 --> 00:30:07,440 Speaker 1: really clearly that they must be using the term ordinance 467 00:30:07,480 --> 00:30:11,400 Speaker 1: here to refer to some sort of suppressive, non lethal 468 00:30:11,440 --> 00:30:14,560 Speaker 1: alternative to bullets, like nowadays we think of firing into 469 00:30:14,560 --> 00:30:17,560 Speaker 1: a crowd for crowd control. It would be something like 470 00:30:17,680 --> 00:30:20,400 Speaker 1: rubber bullets, you know, which is painful and if you 471 00:30:20,440 --> 00:30:23,080 Speaker 1: catch one in the eye and get blinded, but it's 472 00:30:23,120 --> 00:30:24,880 Speaker 1: not going to kill you. But if there were no 473 00:30:25,080 --> 00:30:28,000 Speaker 1: deaths and they're firing into a crowd, it must have 474 00:30:28,040 --> 00:30:31,720 Speaker 1: been something like bird shot or like you know, rock 475 00:30:31,800 --> 00:30:34,320 Speaker 1: salt or something like that that would have like mellowed 476 00:30:34,320 --> 00:30:37,160 Speaker 1: people down and caused them to disperse, but not like 477 00:30:37,280 --> 00:30:42,320 Speaker 1: executed them. Yeah. Yeah, the ordinance didn't kill anybody either 478 00:30:42,360 --> 00:30:45,680 Speaker 1: that we know of for sure. The weird thing is 479 00:30:46,720 --> 00:30:52,720 Speaker 1: that the Crown used this acting out, use this riot 480 00:30:53,400 --> 00:30:57,520 Speaker 1: as a way to or they used as an opportunity 481 00:30:57,640 --> 00:31:02,120 Speaker 1: to give themselves more power. First, to understand this, we 482 00:31:02,160 --> 00:31:05,800 Speaker 1: need to go to Joan Paul, writing for the History 483 00:31:05,880 --> 00:31:09,360 Speaker 1: Vault with the article Immigrants and Propaganda, which is about 484 00:31:09,360 --> 00:31:13,680 Speaker 1: the fifteen seventeen Evil May Day riots, and Paul explains 485 00:31:13,720 --> 00:31:18,160 Speaker 1: it this way, saying that you have to understand the 486 00:31:18,400 --> 00:31:24,040 Speaker 1: essence of tudor international affairs and the importance of political performance. 487 00:31:24,600 --> 00:31:28,320 Speaker 1: The rioters who got apprehended weren't just charged with rioting 488 00:31:28,360 --> 00:31:32,560 Speaker 1: and disturbing the peace. They were charged with treason because 489 00:31:32,600 --> 00:31:36,240 Speaker 1: their attack on foreigners could be interpreted as an act 490 00:31:36,280 --> 00:31:39,960 Speaker 1: of war against those foreigners home countries, meaning it could 491 00:31:39,960 --> 00:31:43,200 Speaker 1: be a breach of the piece that Henry the eighth 492 00:31:43,200 --> 00:31:47,840 Speaker 1: had worked hard to establish with all other Christian princes, 493 00:31:47,920 --> 00:31:53,320 Speaker 1: so they in their mind, in Henry's mind at this time, 494 00:31:53,600 --> 00:31:58,240 Speaker 1: that violence is not violence against foreign dignitaries and shoemakers. 495 00:31:58,600 --> 00:32:01,520 Speaker 1: It is an act of via lens against the crown 496 00:32:01,840 --> 00:32:06,440 Speaker 1: and against the state itself. So it's seditious, it's treasonous. 497 00:32:06,920 --> 00:32:10,800 Speaker 1: Three hundred people get arrested, one of whom is our 498 00:32:10,840 --> 00:32:15,800 Speaker 1: boy Lincoln from earlier, and uh, he gets, along with 499 00:32:16,360 --> 00:32:20,240 Speaker 1: I think thirteen other people, he gets the absolute worst punishment, 500 00:32:20,360 --> 00:32:26,160 Speaker 1: which we were talking about a little bit off air. Yeah, yeah, 501 00:32:26,240 --> 00:32:31,200 Speaker 1: William William Wallace type treatments. Max, you wanta you want 502 00:32:31,200 --> 00:32:33,479 Speaker 1: to fact us up with that one? Do I have 503 00:32:33,560 --> 00:32:36,520 Speaker 1: to what Hung, John and Quarter is. It's a it's 504 00:32:36,560 --> 00:32:40,640 Speaker 1: a oh god, it's about as bad as it comes. Well, 505 00:32:40,680 --> 00:32:43,440 Speaker 1: I mean, how much of this should I leave out? Guys? Well, no, 506 00:32:43,600 --> 00:32:46,120 Speaker 1: I think we want the people to to understand the 507 00:32:46,160 --> 00:32:49,840 Speaker 1: full weight of this punishment. I mean, I brought up 508 00:32:49,880 --> 00:32:51,280 Speaker 1: and we were talking about it off air. It's like, 509 00:32:51,680 --> 00:32:54,120 Speaker 1: you really gotta do all three? Is one of them 510 00:32:54,120 --> 00:32:56,160 Speaker 1: just to start with a humiliation, because I mean you 511 00:32:56,200 --> 00:32:58,520 Speaker 1: could any of these acts would kill you. But Hung 512 00:32:58,600 --> 00:33:00,200 Speaker 1: is where they start you off, and you're hung by 513 00:33:00,200 --> 00:33:02,680 Speaker 1: your neck, right, but you don't die yet, and then 514 00:33:02,720 --> 00:33:07,160 Speaker 1: they tie you to a horse right after. So how 515 00:33:07,240 --> 00:33:09,320 Speaker 1: they would do I mean, this is one of these 516 00:33:09,320 --> 00:33:11,360 Speaker 1: punishments where they got kind of like I guess, lazier 517 00:33:11,400 --> 00:33:13,840 Speaker 1: over time, and they brought it over to the colonies 518 00:33:13,840 --> 00:33:17,240 Speaker 1: if I remember correctly. But they would hang you till 519 00:33:17,520 --> 00:33:21,000 Speaker 1: your basically dead and then chop you off of their 520 00:33:21,280 --> 00:33:25,720 Speaker 1: emasculate you, disembowel you. Then the head you pick your head, 521 00:33:25,760 --> 00:33:28,920 Speaker 1: put it on a spike, yeah, and then quarter you 522 00:33:29,040 --> 00:33:32,240 Speaker 1: chop your body into four parts. Wasn't there a version 523 00:33:32,280 --> 00:33:34,600 Speaker 1: of this that involved being tied to two horses that 524 00:33:34,640 --> 00:33:38,000 Speaker 1: were slapped and pulled in different directions. That's when they, like, 525 00:33:38,080 --> 00:33:41,080 Speaker 1: you know, I didn't have all the stuff where they 526 00:33:41,120 --> 00:33:43,120 Speaker 1: would hang you to your death and then die you 527 00:33:43,320 --> 00:33:44,880 Speaker 1: tie you up by a horse and then have the 528 00:33:44,880 --> 00:33:48,720 Speaker 1: horses just running. Yes, yeah, typically you would be Typically 529 00:33:48,760 --> 00:33:52,240 Speaker 1: the horse part would take place like in their early days. 530 00:33:52,280 --> 00:33:54,920 Speaker 1: The horse part would be when they fasten you to 531 00:33:55,160 --> 00:33:58,000 Speaker 1: a wooden panel and then tie that to a horse 532 00:33:58,080 --> 00:34:01,040 Speaker 1: and then the horse just runs and drays you in 533 00:34:01,080 --> 00:34:04,160 Speaker 1: a very ignoble way to the site of your non 534 00:34:04,240 --> 00:34:06,640 Speaker 1: lethal hanging. But I heard there was a version of 535 00:34:06,680 --> 00:34:09,319 Speaker 1: that where it eveloped two horses that would like be 536 00:34:09,440 --> 00:34:11,239 Speaker 1: one horse would be tied to one leg one or 537 00:34:11,280 --> 00:34:13,560 Speaker 1: the other and then they get slapped on the button, 538 00:34:13,600 --> 00:34:15,960 Speaker 1: go in opposite directions and rip you in half. Well, 539 00:34:16,000 --> 00:34:20,640 Speaker 1: this is interesting. So being pulled apart by wild horses, 540 00:34:21,000 --> 00:34:25,720 Speaker 1: you'd usually have four horses, and that was typically execution, 541 00:34:26,760 --> 00:34:29,960 Speaker 1: a kind of execution that was reserved for regicide, the 542 00:34:30,040 --> 00:34:32,600 Speaker 1: murder of a monarch. I see some of these are 543 00:34:32,640 --> 00:34:36,680 Speaker 1: I'm sort of I'm sort of mixing my my brutal 544 00:34:37,080 --> 00:34:39,960 Speaker 1: um death sentences here. But this is the thing this 545 00:34:40,640 --> 00:34:43,239 Speaker 1: Uh I was talking about this off air. You know, 546 00:34:43,280 --> 00:34:46,440 Speaker 1: I understand wanting to set an example by an execution, 547 00:34:46,520 --> 00:34:50,759 Speaker 1: but after a certain threshold, it feels like someone's doing 548 00:34:50,800 --> 00:34:53,759 Speaker 1: it for fun. You know, that's so extra like after 549 00:34:53,800 --> 00:34:56,960 Speaker 1: a certain point, they're just desecrating a body, right, and 550 00:34:57,000 --> 00:35:01,680 Speaker 1: there's no mind there too counter the punishment for its actions. 551 00:35:01,680 --> 00:35:04,120 Speaker 1: But yeah, there were brutal You know what we could 552 00:35:04,719 --> 00:35:09,080 Speaker 1: we could do, Uh, we could do an episode on 553 00:35:09,400 --> 00:35:13,879 Speaker 1: the weirdest, strangest execution methods. But I think we need 554 00:35:13,920 --> 00:35:17,680 Speaker 1: to pop a disclaimer on that because they for everybody um, 555 00:35:17,800 --> 00:35:20,040 Speaker 1: I just realized the guys just just while while you 556 00:35:20,080 --> 00:35:22,080 Speaker 1: were describing this, Ben, I was just doing a little googling. 557 00:35:22,280 --> 00:35:25,560 Speaker 1: The drawn part literally refers to being drawn behind a horse, 558 00:35:25,680 --> 00:35:29,160 Speaker 1: like in the street, and oftentimes they wouldn't disembowel you 559 00:35:29,160 --> 00:35:31,839 Speaker 1: while you were alive. You would hang until you were dead, 560 00:35:31,880 --> 00:35:33,640 Speaker 1: and then they would just like you said, Ben, just 561 00:35:33,760 --> 00:35:35,840 Speaker 1: desecrate the hell out of your corpse, you know, to 562 00:35:36,200 --> 00:35:40,279 Speaker 1: further humiliate you and uh and tarnish your chances of 563 00:35:40,680 --> 00:35:43,080 Speaker 1: going to the afterlife, I guess. And look, you know, 564 00:35:43,120 --> 00:35:45,880 Speaker 1: it's really like make other people like like, oh, so 565 00:35:46,040 --> 00:35:48,080 Speaker 1: you should not consider doing anything like that, because look 566 00:35:48,120 --> 00:35:49,960 Speaker 1: at what we're doing to this first spot. And they 567 00:35:50,080 --> 00:35:53,520 Speaker 1: distribute the bits to to the various parts of the 568 00:35:53,560 --> 00:35:57,319 Speaker 1: realm exactly. Don't forge about the spike and this this 569 00:35:57,360 --> 00:36:01,440 Speaker 1: is the you know, one thing note about inequality that 570 00:36:01,520 --> 00:36:04,359 Speaker 1: haunts me with this is that for a lot of 571 00:36:04,400 --> 00:36:08,400 Speaker 1: people executed in this fashion, being drawn, like I was 572 00:36:08,400 --> 00:36:10,799 Speaker 1: saying earlier, being tied to that panel and drugged behind 573 00:36:10,800 --> 00:36:13,040 Speaker 1: a horse, it's kind of the closest they would ever 574 00:36:13,080 --> 00:36:15,919 Speaker 1: get to riding a horse. It's a real munch's pause 575 00:36:16,040 --> 00:36:18,360 Speaker 1: situation for anyone who's like, one day I want to 576 00:36:18,440 --> 00:36:23,719 Speaker 1: ride a horse monkeys finger curls. Uh, yeah, it's just 577 00:36:23,880 --> 00:36:27,319 Speaker 1: leaving only the middle, finger, only the middle. And so 578 00:36:27,760 --> 00:36:32,359 Speaker 1: fourteen people, including Lincoln, meet their death in this tremendously 579 00:36:32,400 --> 00:36:36,799 Speaker 1: gruesome way. And then on May four the government of 580 00:36:36,840 --> 00:36:42,239 Speaker 1: London and the you know, the legal apparatus charge almost 581 00:36:42,320 --> 00:36:46,719 Speaker 1: three other people, not just dudes, men, women, and children 582 00:36:46,880 --> 00:36:49,160 Speaker 1: with high treason. How are you going to charge a 583 00:36:49,280 --> 00:36:52,879 Speaker 1: child with high treason? What eight year old is? Like? 584 00:36:53,600 --> 00:36:57,040 Speaker 1: The revolution begins today. Here's the thing, though, if that 585 00:36:57,080 --> 00:37:00,920 Speaker 1: sounds weird to anybody else, there's a pretty good indication. 586 00:37:01,000 --> 00:37:05,440 Speaker 1: I think that this charging of all these people, men, women, 587 00:37:05,440 --> 00:37:08,279 Speaker 1: and children was a set up for a little bit 588 00:37:08,320 --> 00:37:11,359 Speaker 1: of political theater, that's right. I mean, it really was 589 00:37:11,719 --> 00:37:19,360 Speaker 1: kind of a way to maybe prevent further revolution or 590 00:37:19,880 --> 00:37:22,600 Speaker 1: to kind of quell any kind of discontent, or to 591 00:37:22,680 --> 00:37:25,560 Speaker 1: make people feel like justice, justice had been served, but 592 00:37:25,600 --> 00:37:28,840 Speaker 1: it maybe hadn't exactly. Um, there were another four hundred 593 00:37:28,920 --> 00:37:32,400 Speaker 1: riders that were condemned to that same you know, horrible 594 00:37:32,880 --> 00:37:36,520 Speaker 1: end of of of being hanged, drawn and quartered. But 595 00:37:36,680 --> 00:37:41,680 Speaker 1: the Queen Catherine of Aragon, the Queen of England, supposedly, 596 00:37:41,960 --> 00:37:45,480 Speaker 1: you know, in a in a moving show of of emotion, 597 00:37:45,880 --> 00:37:49,800 Speaker 1: a real display is described as on her bended kneed 598 00:37:50,640 --> 00:37:55,000 Speaker 1: obtained their pardon, all four hundred of these, uh, to 599 00:37:55,160 --> 00:37:59,160 Speaker 1: show mercy, to show this, this this magnanimity, you know, 600 00:37:59,239 --> 00:38:04,640 Speaker 1: coming from the highest possible office in the land. Um like, 601 00:38:04,640 --> 00:38:08,239 Speaker 1: look at me in my mercy. Yeah, that was absolutely 602 00:38:08,520 --> 00:38:11,040 Speaker 1: And then it was like a what do you call it? 603 00:38:11,360 --> 00:38:14,240 Speaker 1: We have to remember foreign courtiers would have been there too, 604 00:38:14,440 --> 00:38:16,800 Speaker 1: so it would be like, look, how merciful and good 605 00:38:16,920 --> 00:38:19,960 Speaker 1: the queen and therefore the government is. And so that 606 00:38:20,000 --> 00:38:23,200 Speaker 1: got that appealed to the aristocrats. But then they wanted 607 00:38:23,239 --> 00:38:27,359 Speaker 1: to look even better to the common people. Right, what's 608 00:38:27,360 --> 00:38:31,560 Speaker 1: that song? Is a pulp common people? So they wanted 609 00:38:31,560 --> 00:38:34,759 Speaker 1: to pull pull one of those be like common people do? 610 00:38:34,840 --> 00:38:37,200 Speaker 1: What common people do? And what do common people do? 611 00:38:37,239 --> 00:38:41,279 Speaker 1: They thought they forgive. So there's this other huge thing 612 00:38:41,360 --> 00:38:45,960 Speaker 1: at Westminster Hall on May twenty two, and the cardinal 613 00:38:46,080 --> 00:38:49,239 Speaker 1: that we mentioned earlier, Wolsey and Henry our boy the 614 00:38:49,320 --> 00:38:53,880 Speaker 1: King make these long speeches about you know, justice and 615 00:38:54,239 --> 00:38:58,680 Speaker 1: the nature of punishment for rebellion. They bring these almost 616 00:38:58,719 --> 00:39:02,399 Speaker 1: three prisoners in and they've got ropes tied around their 617 00:39:02,400 --> 00:39:05,160 Speaker 1: neck like they're just about to be killed, and then 618 00:39:05,880 --> 00:39:08,560 Speaker 1: they all fall down on their knees at once. This 619 00:39:08,680 --> 00:39:12,719 Speaker 1: is clearly choreographed, and they're going mercy, mercy, please. And 620 00:39:12,760 --> 00:39:16,640 Speaker 1: then the cardinal and the other like nobles joined in, 621 00:39:16,880 --> 00:39:19,319 Speaker 1: and I think this is super fake by the way. 622 00:39:19,320 --> 00:39:20,399 Speaker 1: I don't know if you can tell by the way 623 00:39:20,400 --> 00:39:23,640 Speaker 1: I'm talking about it, but they joined and they're like, oh, King, please, 624 00:39:23,760 --> 00:39:28,800 Speaker 1: and you're infinite majesty and mercy forgive these these prisoners. 625 00:39:29,480 --> 00:39:32,480 Speaker 1: And they act like they're literally begging him. But backstage 626 00:39:32,520 --> 00:39:34,880 Speaker 1: they all knew how this show was supposed to go. 627 00:39:35,120 --> 00:39:38,200 Speaker 1: It's like a wrestling match. This is the wild man. 628 00:39:38,400 --> 00:39:40,560 Speaker 1: I mean that, you're right, then, this was totally political 629 00:39:40,600 --> 00:39:43,759 Speaker 1: theater because they essentially um the way history of all 630 00:39:43,960 --> 00:39:46,960 Speaker 1: dot co dot uk points it out, and I completely agree. 631 00:39:47,200 --> 00:39:53,000 Speaker 1: They refrained what was clearly a xenophobic riot between Londoners 632 00:39:53,040 --> 00:39:55,960 Speaker 1: and you know who they saw as these foreign you know, 633 00:39:56,080 --> 00:39:59,720 Speaker 1: invaders taking their job, their livelihood, their whole way of life, 634 00:39:59,840 --> 00:40:03,240 Speaker 1: and they reframed it into a rebellion against the state 635 00:40:03,760 --> 00:40:06,640 Speaker 1: because again, and there was some truth to that, because 636 00:40:06,920 --> 00:40:08,239 Speaker 1: you know, it's one of these things where if you're 637 00:40:09,080 --> 00:40:13,040 Speaker 1: in the game of of politics, the game of thrones here, um, 638 00:40:13,200 --> 00:40:15,600 Speaker 1: you do a lot of things to make sure that 639 00:40:15,719 --> 00:40:19,440 Speaker 1: you are seen in a certain light by your allies 640 00:40:19,680 --> 00:40:23,319 Speaker 1: and even your enemies. And when the common people took 641 00:40:23,400 --> 00:40:27,200 Speaker 1: this into their own hands by you know absolutely um, 642 00:40:27,400 --> 00:40:30,840 Speaker 1: beating in the streets and defacing the property of these 643 00:40:30,880 --> 00:40:35,000 Speaker 1: immigrants wasn't a good look for the Crown to those 644 00:40:35,000 --> 00:40:39,680 Speaker 1: allies and could potentially exacerbated things with some of those enemies. 645 00:40:40,040 --> 00:40:43,440 Speaker 1: So they flipped it and made that really the focus 646 00:40:43,520 --> 00:40:46,880 Speaker 1: by saying, no, these are traitors to the crown. And 647 00:40:46,920 --> 00:40:49,640 Speaker 1: then they were able to flip the script once again 648 00:40:50,120 --> 00:40:55,640 Speaker 1: by showing this just absolutely you know, christ like mercy, uh, 649 00:40:55,760 --> 00:41:00,000 Speaker 1: and essentially through all of this having a win by 650 00:41:00,040 --> 00:41:03,279 Speaker 1: in the end having everyone even more loyal to the 651 00:41:03,360 --> 00:41:07,759 Speaker 1: crown because they saw, oh, they spared the lives of 652 00:41:07,800 --> 00:41:11,200 Speaker 1: these men you know who I identify with, whomever you were. Yeah, 653 00:41:11,360 --> 00:41:14,239 Speaker 1: it was it was incredibly clever, you know. And then 654 00:41:15,040 --> 00:41:17,480 Speaker 1: the next thing we have to ask about really is 655 00:41:17,640 --> 00:41:21,759 Speaker 1: the legacy here. What changed? Everybody got a shot of 656 00:41:22,480 --> 00:41:27,239 Speaker 1: propaganda and state loyalty. Fourteen people were killed in gruesome way. 657 00:41:27,360 --> 00:41:31,440 Speaker 1: Everybody else got off due to the apparent the apparently 658 00:41:31,520 --> 00:41:36,440 Speaker 1: spontaneous mercy of the king, but not much really changed 659 00:41:36,920 --> 00:41:41,640 Speaker 1: for the strangers. For the foreign born residents of London. 660 00:41:42,160 --> 00:41:46,279 Speaker 1: The issues with immigration persisted after Evil may Day, and 661 00:41:46,320 --> 00:41:51,640 Speaker 1: there were more and more regular tussles regarding immigration and 662 00:41:51,719 --> 00:41:57,400 Speaker 1: migration in the late sixteenth century early seventeenth century, especially 663 00:41:57,680 --> 00:42:02,279 Speaker 1: when Protestants began a having after the Reformation, you know, 664 00:42:02,360 --> 00:42:06,920 Speaker 1: after England broke with the Roman Catholic Church, and these 665 00:42:06,960 --> 00:42:10,880 Speaker 1: folks were religious refugees, that's what they were seen as. 666 00:42:11,000 --> 00:42:14,880 Speaker 1: So they were at first welcomed, but then they also 667 00:42:14,960 --> 00:42:18,960 Speaker 1: set themselves up in economic niches. They started to really 668 00:42:19,000 --> 00:42:24,080 Speaker 1: represent in different specific industries, and so again the problem occurred, 669 00:42:24,200 --> 00:42:27,000 Speaker 1: and you had English born folks saying, well, I don't 670 00:42:27,040 --> 00:42:30,959 Speaker 1: care if they're Protestant, they're taking over the wool game, 671 00:42:31,239 --> 00:42:36,000 Speaker 1: and we're the woman here, uh and yeah. And people 672 00:42:36,000 --> 00:42:39,839 Speaker 1: talked about constantly. It's in plays, it's in ballads. Even 673 00:42:39,920 --> 00:42:42,680 Speaker 1: Shakespeare gets involved talking about it. It It left a 674 00:42:42,760 --> 00:42:46,960 Speaker 1: lasting impression. There's a really cool wood cut um image 675 00:42:47,080 --> 00:42:50,120 Speaker 1: on the Smithsonian MAGA article on Evil may Day. Londoner's 676 00:42:50,200 --> 00:42:53,640 Speaker 1: rioted over foreigners stealing their jobs. By Lorraine I believe 677 00:42:53,680 --> 00:42:57,920 Speaker 1: it's bossa no might be bosan no bo I S 678 00:42:57,920 --> 00:43:00,000 Speaker 1: s O N E A U L T. Lovely article 679 00:43:00,000 --> 00:43:02,600 Speaker 1: call from seventeen. At the very top, you can see 680 00:43:03,200 --> 00:43:06,640 Speaker 1: a depiction of kind of like the early seeds of 681 00:43:06,680 --> 00:43:08,759 Speaker 1: this riot, you know, with people kind of looking like 682 00:43:09,000 --> 00:43:11,480 Speaker 1: we're a little bit grumpy and malcontented, and you can 683 00:43:11,560 --> 00:43:14,400 Speaker 1: kind of see the sides um, you know, starting to 684 00:43:14,440 --> 00:43:17,640 Speaker 1: form um in this image. It really isn't that persistent 685 00:43:17,719 --> 00:43:20,080 Speaker 1: kind of in the zeitgeist and in in the and 686 00:43:20,120 --> 00:43:22,760 Speaker 1: it led to it's sort of that set a precedent 687 00:43:22,800 --> 00:43:24,600 Speaker 1: in some ways where it's like, okay, we can't let 688 00:43:24,640 --> 00:43:26,279 Speaker 1: these things at the out of hand. But it just 689 00:43:26,480 --> 00:43:31,120 Speaker 1: meant that a lot of these resentments and um biases 690 00:43:31,320 --> 00:43:34,400 Speaker 1: and bigoted behavior just we're a little bit more underhanded. 691 00:43:34,600 --> 00:43:38,440 Speaker 1: Maybe not quite as like large scale riots in the streets, 692 00:43:38,800 --> 00:43:41,920 Speaker 1: but I mean, we know this kind of behavior exists 693 00:43:41,960 --> 00:43:47,640 Speaker 1: to this day. It has a couple of different meanings 694 00:43:47,880 --> 00:43:52,319 Speaker 1: depending upon one's perspective. On one side, you know, as 695 00:43:52,360 --> 00:43:57,520 Speaker 1: Professor Paul Griffith said, it can remind those in authority 696 00:43:57,600 --> 00:44:02,960 Speaker 1: about the danger of working class rebellion. But then from 697 00:44:03,000 --> 00:44:07,840 Speaker 1: another perspective. It kind of gives you this this romanticized 698 00:44:08,080 --> 00:44:12,920 Speaker 1: sense of the valiant apprentice, the hero of the working 699 00:44:12,920 --> 00:44:16,680 Speaker 1: class who was standing up to the corruption in the 700 00:44:16,719 --> 00:44:21,359 Speaker 1: halls of power. And this again, both of those perspectives, 701 00:44:21,440 --> 00:44:24,359 Speaker 1: in their own way are valid, and they both come 702 00:44:24,400 --> 00:44:28,080 Speaker 1: in handy time and time again. You're never too far 703 00:44:28,160 --> 00:44:31,719 Speaker 1: away from a riot or revolution, no matter where you live. 704 00:44:32,400 --> 00:44:36,040 Speaker 1: It reminds me of that excellent quote that no society 705 00:44:36,160 --> 00:44:39,960 Speaker 1: is more than three meals away from revolution. It's often 706 00:44:40,000 --> 00:44:42,279 Speaker 1: attributed to Lenen, but a lot of a lot of 707 00:44:42,280 --> 00:44:45,440 Speaker 1: people have said it, and they've said it because it's true. Yeah, 708 00:44:45,480 --> 00:44:48,600 Speaker 1: it sure is. And these are the types of disputes 709 00:44:48,680 --> 00:44:52,279 Speaker 1: that really can only take place between folks who are 710 00:44:52,440 --> 00:44:56,400 Speaker 1: living on the edge of survival. Um, you know, the 711 00:44:56,400 --> 00:44:59,560 Speaker 1: the disagreements and and wars and struggles of the upper 712 00:44:59,600 --> 00:45:03,200 Speaker 1: class take on a completely different tone and oftentimes these 713 00:45:03,360 --> 00:45:06,279 Speaker 1: uh as we've seen here, these types of struggles are 714 00:45:06,360 --> 00:45:09,400 Speaker 1: capitalized on by the upper class in order to further 715 00:45:09,480 --> 00:45:12,600 Speaker 1: their own agenda as opposed to like, the question remains 716 00:45:12,600 --> 00:45:15,480 Speaker 1: like do they actually do the crown actually care about 717 00:45:15,520 --> 00:45:18,319 Speaker 1: either of these parties. I think the answer is probably no. 718 00:45:18,400 --> 00:45:21,000 Speaker 1: I think it was more used as a political bargaining 719 00:45:21,080 --> 00:45:24,000 Speaker 1: chip or a way to kind of stage that excellent 720 00:45:24,000 --> 00:45:27,680 Speaker 1: bit of political theater. Agreed, Agreed, and that's that's a 721 00:45:27,760 --> 00:45:30,040 Speaker 1: lesson that I think we can all take away from this. 722 00:45:30,160 --> 00:45:34,560 Speaker 1: Even in two fellow ridiculous historians. This was a little 723 00:45:34,600 --> 00:45:36,640 Speaker 1: bit of a long win, but we really wanted to 724 00:45:36,680 --> 00:45:40,720 Speaker 1: explore it together, and we hope you enjoyed this exploration 725 00:45:41,160 --> 00:45:44,840 Speaker 1: as much as our own super producer, Mr Max Williams 726 00:45:44,920 --> 00:45:48,520 Speaker 1: will surely enjoy editing it. Thanks Max, You're an unsung 727 00:45:48,600 --> 00:45:53,120 Speaker 1: hero indeed. Uh. In addition to Max, we also thank 728 00:45:53,239 --> 00:45:57,520 Speaker 1: his brother, the composer of our theme song here, Mr 729 00:45:57,880 --> 00:46:01,160 Speaker 1: Alex Williams, wherever he may wrong, God bless you, Sir 730 00:46:01,239 --> 00:46:04,640 Speaker 1: Christopher hacionas Eve Jeff Coates here in spirit. Yes, and 731 00:46:04,800 --> 00:46:08,279 Speaker 1: of course thanks to our own one man riot, Mr 732 00:46:08,360 --> 00:46:13,120 Speaker 1: Jonathan Strickland, a k a. The Quister h. He has 733 00:46:13,200 --> 00:46:19,080 Speaker 1: not been drawn and quartered at this time. Just just 734 00:46:19,200 --> 00:46:22,480 Speaker 1: a shot him a note for confirmation and he said, 735 00:46:22,760 --> 00:46:25,160 Speaker 1: why would you ask me that? So I think he's fine, 736 00:46:25,840 --> 00:46:29,719 Speaker 1: and uh, happy may day, I guess yeah. In advanced 737 00:46:30,280 --> 00:46:39,279 Speaker 1: We'll see you next time, folks. For more podcasts for 738 00:46:39,360 --> 00:46:42,080 Speaker 1: my heart Radio, visit the i heart Radio app, Apple podcast, 739 00:46:42,239 --> 00:46:44,360 Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.