1 00:00:05,240 --> 00:00:08,440 Speaker 1: Richard Renaissent returned home from a funeral only to find 2 00:00:08,480 --> 00:00:12,000 Speaker 1: no less than eight anxious young couples waiting to see him. 3 00:00:12,160 --> 00:00:15,360 Speaker 1: Many had ventured the short mile over a newly constructed 4 00:00:15,400 --> 00:00:19,000 Speaker 1: toll road between England and Scotland, gunning for the tiny 5 00:00:19,040 --> 00:00:22,760 Speaker 1: town of Gretna Green as their final destination. They had 6 00:00:22,800 --> 00:00:26,080 Speaker 1: all heard about him. In fact, Richard was somewhat famous, 7 00:00:26,360 --> 00:00:30,040 Speaker 1: a gregarious tall tale teller and yarn spinner who had 8 00:00:30,080 --> 00:00:32,600 Speaker 1: been at his post for decades. He moved here to 9 00:00:32,640 --> 00:00:35,680 Speaker 1: do an important job, and a pretty infamous one at that. 10 00:00:36,320 --> 00:00:39,440 Speaker 1: Richard came to Gretna Green, Scotland in nineteen thirty six 11 00:00:39,760 --> 00:00:43,519 Speaker 1: after hearing about a very special job vacancy. A saddler 12 00:00:43,520 --> 00:00:45,600 Speaker 1: by trade, he took up a post as the town's 13 00:00:45,640 --> 00:00:50,159 Speaker 1: residence Annville Priest, a title and distinction entirely specific to 14 00:00:50,240 --> 00:00:53,080 Speaker 1: this small slice of the world. All of these young 15 00:00:53,120 --> 00:00:56,080 Speaker 1: couples were here to get married, and Richard was going 16 00:00:56,120 --> 00:00:58,880 Speaker 1: to be the one to officiate. They had traveled over 17 00:00:58,920 --> 00:01:01,560 Speaker 1: the border to see him, many of them in secrets, 18 00:01:01,640 --> 00:01:05,360 Speaker 1: and many quickly. This was often the nature of his work. 19 00:01:05,720 --> 00:01:07,959 Speaker 1: To many, he was a hero. To others, he and 20 00:01:08,040 --> 00:01:11,000 Speaker 1: those who came before him were a walking, talking loophole 21 00:01:11,040 --> 00:01:14,040 Speaker 1: that defied the sanctity of marriage and was a thorn 22 00:01:14,120 --> 00:01:17,240 Speaker 1: in the Church of England's side. The Marriage Duty Act 23 00:01:17,400 --> 00:01:20,280 Speaker 1: sixteen ninety five put a stop to the marriages of 24 00:01:20,319 --> 00:01:23,759 Speaker 1: small parish churches that were conducted by local clergy without 25 00:01:23,840 --> 00:01:27,440 Speaker 1: the proper marriage licensing. A legal loophole was found, though, 26 00:01:27,560 --> 00:01:30,400 Speaker 1: and the clergy are those who said they were clergy 27 00:01:30,720 --> 00:01:34,600 Speaker 1: realized they couldn't be prosecuted for shotgun weddings should they 28 00:01:34,720 --> 00:01:37,880 Speaker 1: take place on the grounds of Fleet Prison, and over 29 00:01:37,920 --> 00:01:41,920 Speaker 1: the years these amounted to the thousands. A whole cottage 30 00:01:41,959 --> 00:01:45,160 Speaker 1: industry popped up, and the Church became horrified at the 31 00:01:45,200 --> 00:01:49,280 Speaker 1: potential erosion of personal morals and the country's social fabric. 32 00:01:49,640 --> 00:01:54,360 Speaker 1: These marriages often were without licenses or public announcements, performed 33 00:01:54,440 --> 00:01:57,400 Speaker 1: under the radar on the sly and on the Chief. 34 00:01:57,840 --> 00:02:01,840 Speaker 1: So in seventeen fifty three passed a law popularly known 35 00:02:01,880 --> 00:02:06,120 Speaker 1: as Lord Hardwick's Marriage Act, or by its longer legal name, 36 00:02:06,400 --> 00:02:10,760 Speaker 1: an Act for the Better Prevention of clandestine marriages. With 37 00:02:10,840 --> 00:02:14,360 Speaker 1: the Act, Lord Chancellor Hardwick declared that marriages within the 38 00:02:14,400 --> 00:02:17,400 Speaker 1: walls of the Anglican Church would now be marriage's only 39 00:02:17,480 --> 00:02:21,160 Speaker 1: legal form in England and Wales. Essentially, to be legally 40 00:02:21,200 --> 00:02:24,680 Speaker 1: recognized as wed, unless you were Quaker or Jewish, that is, 41 00:02:24,840 --> 00:02:26,920 Speaker 1: a couple had to do so before the eyes of 42 00:02:26,960 --> 00:02:31,600 Speaker 1: an Anglican clergyman. Scotland, though, was not included on this list. 43 00:02:31,840 --> 00:02:35,560 Speaker 1: In fact, for all of England's recent stringency, Scotland had 44 00:02:35,680 --> 00:02:38,520 Speaker 1: very lax laws around these things. Girls had to be 45 00:02:38,560 --> 00:02:42,000 Speaker 1: older than twelve and boys older than fourteen, but no 46 00:02:42,120 --> 00:02:47,280 Speaker 1: parental blessing was necessary. Enter Richard. Because the village blacksmith 47 00:02:47,440 --> 00:02:50,160 Speaker 1: was historically one of the respected trades in the community, 48 00:02:50,360 --> 00:02:52,600 Speaker 1: it made sense that these young couples would seek him 49 00:02:52,600 --> 00:02:55,560 Speaker 1: out as their stand in priest. A tradition was born, 50 00:02:55,840 --> 00:02:59,200 Speaker 1: and he was number four. Richard met with young lovers 51 00:02:59,200 --> 00:03:02,320 Speaker 1: who came by and night to carry out and consummate 52 00:03:02,360 --> 00:03:04,720 Speaker 1: their affairs of the heart. All he needed from them 53 00:03:04,840 --> 00:03:07,080 Speaker 1: was to be of age and have two witnesses to 54 00:03:07,120 --> 00:03:10,560 Speaker 1: their union. His ceremonies were simple, quick, a few words 55 00:03:10,560 --> 00:03:13,520 Speaker 1: exchanged and the bang of a hammer clinging loudly to 56 00:03:13,560 --> 00:03:16,120 Speaker 1: make it all official. He would then pronounce them man 57 00:03:16,120 --> 00:03:18,960 Speaker 1: and wife before sending them on their way. By the 58 00:03:18,960 --> 00:03:21,880 Speaker 1: time the laws changed. In nineteen forty, he had conducted 59 00:03:21,919 --> 00:03:25,320 Speaker 1: over five thousand marriages. That's an average of three hundred 60 00:03:25,320 --> 00:03:28,520 Speaker 1: and fifty seven marriages per year. But as evidenced on 61 00:03:28,600 --> 00:03:31,360 Speaker 1: his arrival home from his friend's funeral that day, some 62 00:03:31,520 --> 00:03:35,200 Speaker 1: seasons were busier than others. All in all, tens of 63 00:03:35,280 --> 00:03:38,240 Speaker 1: thousands of couples have been married here and continue to 64 00:03:38,280 --> 00:03:41,680 Speaker 1: flock to Gretna Green for the same reason. Today. We 65 00:03:41,800 --> 00:03:43,640 Speaker 1: do a lot of things in the name of love. 66 00:03:43,960 --> 00:03:47,000 Speaker 1: We put ourselves out there. We take chances and were 67 00:03:47,040 --> 00:03:50,040 Speaker 1: asked to endure great tests of faith and courage, and 68 00:03:50,120 --> 00:03:53,640 Speaker 1: hopefully it's worth it. What's also true, though, is that 69 00:03:53,720 --> 00:03:57,040 Speaker 1: love has a dark side, because where there's light, there's 70 00:03:57,080 --> 00:04:00,880 Speaker 1: always shadow. Across the ages or as long as we've 71 00:04:00,920 --> 00:04:03,520 Speaker 1: loved and lost, we've had to sit with the darkness 72 00:04:03,560 --> 00:04:05,800 Speaker 1: that love can bring. And for as long as we 73 00:04:05,840 --> 00:04:08,120 Speaker 1: have been trying to figure out how to cure what 74 00:04:08,240 --> 00:04:11,280 Speaker 1: ails us and cure what's within us, we have been 75 00:04:11,280 --> 00:04:14,320 Speaker 1: trying to understand what love does not just do for us, 76 00:04:14,720 --> 00:04:18,680 Speaker 1: but to us. Yes, love can heal, but it can 77 00:04:18,720 --> 00:04:25,480 Speaker 1: also be deadly. I'm Aaron Manky, and welcome to bedside Manners. 78 00:04:31,960 --> 00:04:36,240 Speaker 1: Every species has the biological imperative to procreate. Humans have 79 00:04:36,320 --> 00:04:38,760 Speaker 1: been working on that project for a very long time, 80 00:04:39,080 --> 00:04:42,320 Speaker 1: but we don't necessarily have a sound biological reason for 81 00:04:42,360 --> 00:04:45,919 Speaker 1: why we fall in love. Now, some researchers believe that 82 00:04:45,960 --> 00:04:48,479 Speaker 1: it's just a trick of our nervous system. The flooding 83 00:04:48,520 --> 00:04:51,680 Speaker 1: of our brains with feel good chemicals might indeed urge 84 00:04:51,720 --> 00:04:55,200 Speaker 1: us toward mixing up our genetic material with someoneman creating 85 00:04:55,279 --> 00:04:57,960 Speaker 1: an offspring. But the flip side of this assumption is 86 00:04:57,960 --> 00:04:59,880 Speaker 1: that we also know that not every pairing that ex 87 00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:03,760 Speaker 1: experiences love has the ability to create new life. So 88 00:05:03,880 --> 00:05:07,760 Speaker 1: if it's not something distinctly biological, what is love and 89 00:05:07,880 --> 00:05:10,719 Speaker 1: where does it come from? Great minds across the ages 90 00:05:10,760 --> 00:05:14,080 Speaker 1: have been asking this very question. We find authors pining 91 00:05:14,120 --> 00:05:17,360 Speaker 1: after love in ancient Sumerian proverbs and the pain of 92 00:05:17,400 --> 00:05:21,080 Speaker 1: love mentioned in the Bible. Sappho, the famous mysterious poet 93 00:05:21,120 --> 00:05:23,839 Speaker 1: from the seventh century, left remnants of some of the 94 00:05:23,880 --> 00:05:27,080 Speaker 1: earliest musings on heartache. It seems that we have always 95 00:05:27,120 --> 00:05:30,200 Speaker 1: loved what we couldn't have for one reason or another. 96 00:05:30,800 --> 00:05:34,680 Speaker 1: These writings speak of pain that is talked about in emotional, physical, 97 00:05:34,760 --> 00:05:38,000 Speaker 1: and spiritual ways all along the way. Over the course 98 00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:41,680 Speaker 1: of this cultural evolution of thousands of years, one thing 99 00:05:41,920 --> 00:05:46,440 Speaker 1: hasn't changed, the idea that love and love sickness are afflictions. 100 00:05:46,760 --> 00:05:50,760 Speaker 1: The direct correlation between passionate love and deep personal disturbance 101 00:05:51,080 --> 00:05:54,159 Speaker 1: has been noted for thousands of years. Our friend Galen 102 00:05:54,440 --> 00:05:56,679 Speaker 1: left behind the story of a woman who was tossing 103 00:05:56,720 --> 00:05:59,800 Speaker 1: and turning and losing sleep with each passing night. When 104 00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:03,159 Speaker 1: Galen visited her, she was reticent. She told him that 105 00:06:03,160 --> 00:06:05,960 Speaker 1: she was ill, but was reluctant to go into many details. 106 00:06:06,320 --> 00:06:08,840 Speaker 1: After spending some time with her, he decided that she 107 00:06:08,920 --> 00:06:12,240 Speaker 1: was suffering from a standard class of melancholy. When a 108 00:06:12,279 --> 00:06:14,320 Speaker 1: friend came to visit and mentioned that they had just 109 00:06:14,360 --> 00:06:18,159 Speaker 1: seen a performance by a particular dancer, the woman came alive. 110 00:06:18,480 --> 00:06:20,960 Speaker 1: At this point, Galen took her wrist between his fingers 111 00:06:21,000 --> 00:06:23,840 Speaker 1: to feel her pulse. It had become irregular and she 112 00:06:23,920 --> 00:06:27,839 Speaker 1: had become flushed. But though these are very physical symptoms, 113 00:06:27,880 --> 00:06:29,680 Speaker 1: he was led to believe that the root of her 114 00:06:29,680 --> 00:06:34,520 Speaker 1: issues weren't just physical, but emotional. Her mind was disturbed. 115 00:06:35,160 --> 00:06:38,400 Speaker 1: Galen concluded that this woman was melancholic, not just because 116 00:06:38,440 --> 00:06:40,640 Speaker 1: her humors were out of balance, but due to the 117 00:06:40,720 --> 00:06:44,760 Speaker 1: affliction of affection. The real origin of her illness, he believed, 118 00:06:45,080 --> 00:06:50,680 Speaker 1: was an offset of melancholy, called specifically love melancholy. Melancholia 119 00:06:50,800 --> 00:06:55,320 Speaker 1: and love sickness both originated from excessive black bile, Galen believed, 120 00:06:55,600 --> 00:06:59,200 Speaker 1: but love sickness was its own kind of psychological disturbance, 121 00:06:59,360 --> 00:07:03,479 Speaker 1: then already required the correct treatment protocol. Others saw it 122 00:07:03,480 --> 00:07:06,080 Speaker 1: as its own illness. The various texts on the subject 123 00:07:06,160 --> 00:07:11,600 Speaker 1: describe an array of symptoms sadness, insomnia, hollow eyes, disturbances 124 00:07:11,640 --> 00:07:17,360 Speaker 1: in the pulse, mental anxiety, dejection, despondency, and physical debility. 125 00:07:17,760 --> 00:07:20,720 Speaker 1: But they all wonder how does one treat a love 126 00:07:20,800 --> 00:07:24,040 Speaker 1: sick patient. Over the years, physicians would go on to 127 00:07:24,080 --> 00:07:28,520 Speaker 1: prescribe everything from blood letting, foreskin clamping, burning a woman's 128 00:07:28,560 --> 00:07:32,360 Speaker 1: thighs with acid inhaling the burned feces of a beloved, 129 00:07:32,480 --> 00:07:36,960 Speaker 1: and therapeutic intercourse. Of course, the terminology and treatments for 130 00:07:37,040 --> 00:07:40,320 Speaker 1: love sickness have evolved across time and place. Today, the 131 00:07:40,360 --> 00:07:45,080 Speaker 1: contemporary field of psychopathology, the study of abnormal cognition, behavior 132 00:07:45,120 --> 00:07:48,440 Speaker 1: and experiences, has broken apart the symptoms of ancients and 133 00:07:48,600 --> 00:07:52,080 Speaker 1: focused on behavior combinations particular to someone in the throes 134 00:07:52,120 --> 00:07:57,640 Speaker 1: of what we might call love sickness, obsession, infatuation, emotional instability, 135 00:07:57,880 --> 00:08:02,320 Speaker 1: and emotional dependency. The idea that love is madness with 136 00:08:02,480 --> 00:08:05,120 Speaker 1: big air quotes there has never been shaken from our 137 00:08:05,160 --> 00:08:09,040 Speaker 1: collective consciousness. In fact, love sickness was a valid diagnosis 138 00:08:09,080 --> 00:08:13,679 Speaker 1: by medical practitioners for almost two thousand years. In recent times, 139 00:08:13,760 --> 00:08:17,040 Speaker 1: as the field of psychiatry has gained momentum, researchers have 140 00:08:17,120 --> 00:08:21,040 Speaker 1: been trying to parse apart where love ends and madness begins. 141 00:08:21,560 --> 00:08:25,600 Speaker 1: Researchers want to know what is normal and abnormal in love, 142 00:08:25,880 --> 00:08:29,000 Speaker 1: if love chemically makes our brain do abnormal things, and 143 00:08:29,080 --> 00:08:31,400 Speaker 1: how do we know when the scales have tipped too far. 144 00:08:31,800 --> 00:08:33,880 Speaker 1: The story we have for you today will leave you 145 00:08:33,960 --> 00:08:36,720 Speaker 1: thinking about all of these things. It's a story that's 146 00:08:36,760 --> 00:08:39,440 Speaker 1: been told for almost a century as a love story, 147 00:08:39,720 --> 00:08:43,080 Speaker 1: but as you'll see, it's something much deeper, much darker, 148 00:08:43,240 --> 00:08:47,160 Speaker 1: and much more sinister. Yes, it's true that perhaps love 149 00:08:47,320 --> 00:08:50,480 Speaker 1: did live here within this narrative frame, but so too 150 00:08:50,920 --> 00:09:00,680 Speaker 1: did obsession, destruction, and death. First of all, I want 151 00:09:00,720 --> 00:09:03,840 Speaker 1: you to remember Elena Miagre Dahias for who she was 152 00:09:03,920 --> 00:09:06,440 Speaker 1: in life. She was a vibrant young woman who was 153 00:09:06,520 --> 00:09:10,960 Speaker 1: part of a tight knit Cuban American clan, with her parents, sisters, aunties, 154 00:09:11,120 --> 00:09:13,680 Speaker 1: all living in Key West, Florida. It was said that 155 00:09:13,679 --> 00:09:17,560 Speaker 1: Elena had a lovely singing voice, enjoyed dancing with her girlfriends, 156 00:09:17,800 --> 00:09:21,040 Speaker 1: going to school, praying at church, keeping a diary, and 157 00:09:21,280 --> 00:09:24,960 Speaker 1: occupying herself with the concerns of the average teenage girl. 158 00:09:25,480 --> 00:09:27,800 Speaker 1: When she and her friends began courting, it was only 159 00:09:27,840 --> 00:09:30,680 Speaker 1: fitting that she dreamt of finding a lasting love, and 160 00:09:30,840 --> 00:09:33,640 Speaker 1: at sixteen, she thought she found one in the person 161 00:09:33,679 --> 00:09:36,760 Speaker 1: who would become her husband, a local boy named Louise. 162 00:09:37,200 --> 00:09:39,680 Speaker 1: They got married and moved in with his family, but 163 00:09:39,800 --> 00:09:42,960 Speaker 1: she was love sick. She became pregnant and then she 164 00:09:43,040 --> 00:09:46,000 Speaker 1: began to cough. She wished for someone to care for her, 165 00:09:46,040 --> 00:09:48,760 Speaker 1: but Louise wasn't up to the task. When she lost 166 00:09:48,800 --> 00:09:52,199 Speaker 1: the baby, he left her. Elena was always described as 167 00:09:52,280 --> 00:09:56,360 Speaker 1: exceptionally beautiful, all raven hair and dark eyes, but there 168 00:09:56,400 --> 00:09:58,280 Speaker 1: was nothing about her life that ever made her feel 169 00:09:58,320 --> 00:10:02,000 Speaker 1: that she was exceptional or destined for fame, and indeed, 170 00:10:02,000 --> 00:10:05,000 Speaker 1: the stories we tell about Elena most often start not 171 00:10:05,160 --> 00:10:08,079 Speaker 1: with the contours of her life but with her corpse. 172 00:10:08,440 --> 00:10:10,920 Speaker 1: And it's here that I implore you not to remember 173 00:10:10,920 --> 00:10:14,320 Speaker 1: her as a specter, or as storytellers would later call her, 174 00:10:14,600 --> 00:10:17,960 Speaker 1: an it, but as a very real, very animated woman 175 00:10:18,000 --> 00:10:21,720 Speaker 1: whose body and story have been taken from her in death. 176 00:10:22,040 --> 00:10:25,760 Speaker 1: Our story today opens in a hospital with Elena very 177 00:10:25,840 --> 00:10:29,280 Speaker 1: much alive. In April of nineteen thirty, twenty one year 178 00:10:29,320 --> 00:10:31,800 Speaker 1: old Elena went to the local marine hospital for X 179 00:10:31,920 --> 00:10:35,199 Speaker 1: rays and blood samples. Her cough had only been worsening 180 00:10:35,240 --> 00:10:37,199 Speaker 1: in recent days, and it was time that she was 181 00:10:37,240 --> 00:10:40,840 Speaker 1: seen by a specialist. Many of us don't recognize important 182 00:10:40,880 --> 00:10:43,640 Speaker 1: life moments for what they are. Elena was no different. 183 00:10:43,920 --> 00:10:45,480 Speaker 1: But the man on the other side of the X 184 00:10:45,559 --> 00:10:48,920 Speaker 1: ray machine knew that upon seeing Elena, his prayers had 185 00:10:48,920 --> 00:10:51,560 Speaker 1: come to pass and his life would never be the same. 186 00:10:52,040 --> 00:10:55,560 Speaker 1: Count Karl von Kosel, the assumed name of Karl Tansler, 187 00:10:55,800 --> 00:10:59,319 Speaker 1: had been chasing his visions for almost five decades. As 188 00:10:59,360 --> 00:11:01,440 Speaker 1: a teenager, he claimed to have been visited by his 189 00:11:01,520 --> 00:11:03,840 Speaker 1: dead aunt, who revealed to him the face of his 190 00:11:03,920 --> 00:11:06,840 Speaker 1: future wife. This charted a course that would take him 191 00:11:06,880 --> 00:11:11,520 Speaker 1: across countries and continents, acquiring fake medical degrees and licenses, 192 00:11:11,679 --> 00:11:14,720 Speaker 1: and growing delusions. As he sought the fulfillment of this 193 00:11:14,840 --> 00:11:18,880 Speaker 1: ghostly promise, he looked for her everywhere. Carl claimed to 194 00:11:18,880 --> 00:11:20,760 Speaker 1: have seen a vision of his future wife for a 195 00:11:20,800 --> 00:11:23,840 Speaker 1: second time at a graveyard in Spain. The third time 196 00:11:23,840 --> 00:11:25,800 Speaker 1: he saw the face of this woman, he later said, 197 00:11:26,160 --> 00:11:29,520 Speaker 1: was when Elena walked into his exam room. Their worlds 198 00:11:29,520 --> 00:11:33,319 Speaker 1: had collided, Elena and Carl's, and there was no turning back. 199 00:11:33,920 --> 00:11:36,760 Speaker 1: Though he was a Charlatan and a confabulist, he was 200 00:11:36,880 --> 00:11:41,040 Speaker 1: undeniably brilliant. Carl was something of a mad scientist, harboring 201 00:11:41,040 --> 00:11:44,679 Speaker 1: a long obsession with matters of electricity, radio waves, and 202 00:11:44,800 --> 00:11:48,080 Speaker 1: other feats of engineering, including the repair of a wingless 203 00:11:48,120 --> 00:11:50,960 Speaker 1: airplane that he kept on the hospital grounds. He was 204 00:11:51,040 --> 00:11:54,079 Speaker 1: as dapper as he was eccentric, a true Key West 205 00:11:54,160 --> 00:11:56,360 Speaker 1: character that had become known on the island for his 206 00:11:56,480 --> 00:12:00,760 Speaker 1: strange ways, and he seemed harmless enough ignosed to Lena 207 00:12:00,840 --> 00:12:03,440 Speaker 1: with a case of tuberculosis, a sickness that had wiped 208 00:12:03,480 --> 00:12:06,400 Speaker 1: out a quarter of Europe's population in the prior century. 209 00:12:06,720 --> 00:12:09,760 Speaker 1: It's one of the world's oldest known illnesses and continued 210 00:12:09,800 --> 00:12:13,000 Speaker 1: to kill more people than any other disease in industrialized 211 00:12:13,040 --> 00:12:17,200 Speaker 1: countries through the early twentieth century, it remained extremely fatal, 212 00:12:17,480 --> 00:12:20,920 Speaker 1: something that Elena, her family, and Carl were well aware of. 213 00:12:21,400 --> 00:12:24,520 Speaker 1: He committed himself then and there to saving this young woman. 214 00:12:24,880 --> 00:12:27,960 Speaker 1: But beyond this being an act of benevolence or dutiful 215 00:12:28,040 --> 00:12:30,760 Speaker 1: adherence to a hippocratic oath that he had never taken, 216 00:12:30,800 --> 00:12:34,320 Speaker 1: because remember, he was no real doctor, this commitment was 217 00:12:34,400 --> 00:12:38,960 Speaker 1: the first moment in an instant in long lasting obsession. Elena, 218 00:12:39,040 --> 00:12:42,760 Speaker 1: for her part, naturally wanted to live. Medicine is supposed 219 00:12:42,760 --> 00:12:44,920 Speaker 1: to help us stave off death, and if she had 220 00:12:44,920 --> 00:12:48,120 Speaker 1: to hang around a strange, bespeckled man three decades her 221 00:12:48,120 --> 00:12:50,600 Speaker 1: senior to have a good shot at it, she was 222 00:12:50,800 --> 00:12:53,920 Speaker 1: going to do it. He seemed grandfatherly to her, a 223 00:12:54,000 --> 00:12:57,439 Speaker 1: concerned scholar, even if he did give her the creeps. 224 00:12:57,880 --> 00:13:02,480 Speaker 1: So he tried everything electricity cures and gold cures, tonics 225 00:13:02,480 --> 00:13:05,320 Speaker 1: and radiation. He saw her at the hospital, but he 226 00:13:05,520 --> 00:13:08,480 Speaker 1: also started to visit her at her family's home. Desperate 227 00:13:08,520 --> 00:13:11,600 Speaker 1: for answers, they let this man come knocking at all hours. 228 00:13:12,000 --> 00:13:14,880 Speaker 1: That is, of course, until he crossed the line. He 229 00:13:15,000 --> 00:13:18,800 Speaker 1: began proposing marriage to Elena, who initially laughed it off, 230 00:13:19,200 --> 00:13:22,680 Speaker 1: but he kept trying, and her admonishments became stronger. But 231 00:13:22,720 --> 00:13:26,240 Speaker 1: he wouldn't take no for an answer. He begged, he pleaded, 232 00:13:26,360 --> 00:13:30,160 Speaker 1: and Elena still refused. Although her husband had long run off, 233 00:13:30,200 --> 00:13:32,160 Speaker 1: there was no way that she could marry this man, 234 00:13:32,600 --> 00:13:36,040 Speaker 1: and as the records show, Carl was still married too, 235 00:13:36,400 --> 00:13:38,560 Speaker 1: but he had no scruples where matters of the heart 236 00:13:38,640 --> 00:13:42,160 Speaker 1: were concerned. Carl's behavior earned him the ire of the family, 237 00:13:42,640 --> 00:13:44,760 Speaker 1: but they were torn for they, or at least some 238 00:13:44,840 --> 00:13:48,400 Speaker 1: of them, believed that with his undivided attention, he could 239 00:13:48,440 --> 00:13:52,080 Speaker 1: save their beloved Elena. His diaries, which he later published, 240 00:13:52,280 --> 00:13:55,200 Speaker 1: paint the portrait of a man obsessed with possession. He 241 00:13:55,280 --> 00:13:58,640 Speaker 1: lived in a strange alternate reality, entirely of his own 242 00:13:58,679 --> 00:14:02,160 Speaker 1: design and imitation version of the real world, where lines 243 00:14:02,200 --> 00:14:04,760 Speaker 1: of fact and fiction are blurred. It's hard to know 244 00:14:04,840 --> 00:14:07,480 Speaker 1: what he believed to be true and what he wished 245 00:14:07,559 --> 00:14:11,040 Speaker 1: to be true. Elena became sicker and sicker, though her 246 00:14:11,080 --> 00:14:14,960 Speaker 1: family became angry with and scared of, Carl, eventually moving 247 00:14:15,040 --> 00:14:17,600 Speaker 1: houses and not leaving a note for him, But he 248 00:14:17,760 --> 00:14:20,440 Speaker 1: still managed to find them through a loose lip neighbor 249 00:14:20,600 --> 00:14:24,120 Speaker 1: and Sensing that the family was emotionally and spiritually exhausted, 250 00:14:24,280 --> 00:14:27,960 Speaker 1: he made his move. He installed himself at Elena's bedside, 251 00:14:28,240 --> 00:14:31,200 Speaker 1: just like a leech that promised to cure but instead 252 00:14:31,200 --> 00:14:34,560 Speaker 1: bled its host to death. The disease finally took Elena 253 00:14:34,640 --> 00:14:37,560 Speaker 1: in October of nineteen thirty one. It said that she 254 00:14:37,640 --> 00:14:40,680 Speaker 1: died tired and angry, refusing to let her family call 255 00:14:40,760 --> 00:14:43,480 Speaker 1: for their doctor. She had had enough of him and 256 00:14:43,600 --> 00:14:47,480 Speaker 1: his lecherous advances. If death is an end, our story 257 00:14:47,480 --> 00:14:50,880 Speaker 1: would stop there. But Elena's demise was just the beginning 258 00:14:50,960 --> 00:14:54,800 Speaker 1: of a much longer, far stranger, and more twisted chapter 259 00:14:55,240 --> 00:15:05,960 Speaker 1: than she had ever experienced in life. Elena's death couldn't 260 00:15:06,040 --> 00:15:10,359 Speaker 1: dissuade Carl van Kozel. In fact, it only encouraged him. 261 00:15:10,400 --> 00:15:13,200 Speaker 1: When word arrived at his lab via her brother in law, 262 00:15:13,360 --> 00:15:16,200 Speaker 1: Carl sprang to action. When he finally made it to 263 00:15:16,200 --> 00:15:19,600 Speaker 1: her family's home, he immediately tried to electrocute her back 264 00:15:19,640 --> 00:15:22,240 Speaker 1: to life. He wrote in his memoir that this was 265 00:15:22,760 --> 00:15:26,320 Speaker 1: what many, perhaps most people, would call the end, but 266 00:15:26,400 --> 00:15:29,280 Speaker 1: a strange kind of new life now began for me. 267 00:15:29,800 --> 00:15:32,160 Speaker 1: Even though she was gone and her family was deep 268 00:15:32,200 --> 00:15:35,160 Speaker 1: in mourning, Carl conned his way into their home. He 269 00:15:35,280 --> 00:15:38,840 Speaker 1: offered to pay rent. They relented, so he moved into 270 00:15:38,880 --> 00:15:43,360 Speaker 1: Elena's room and into her now cold bed. Our phony 271 00:15:43,480 --> 00:15:46,480 Speaker 1: Counts also talked her family into allowing him to construct 272 00:15:46,480 --> 00:15:49,480 Speaker 1: a beautiful stone moss soleum for their daughter, something much 273 00:15:49,480 --> 00:15:52,840 Speaker 1: grander than they could ever have afforded themselves. They agreed, 274 00:15:52,960 --> 00:15:55,600 Speaker 1: and were justly horrified when it was revealed that he 275 00:15:55,680 --> 00:15:58,680 Speaker 1: had engraved both her name and his name on it. 276 00:15:59,280 --> 00:16:02,360 Speaker 1: He visited her every night at sunset, a long and 277 00:16:02,480 --> 00:16:06,120 Speaker 1: limber shadow, skulking through the graveyard. He would unlock the 278 00:16:06,200 --> 00:16:09,160 Speaker 1: three locks he had installed on the door, go inside, 279 00:16:09,400 --> 00:16:12,200 Speaker 1: and sit with her. He spoke of undoing the locks 280 00:16:12,240 --> 00:16:15,440 Speaker 1: of the heavy casket and listening to Elena speak with 281 00:16:15,520 --> 00:16:18,480 Speaker 1: him from her inner coffin. He wrote of hearing Elena 282 00:16:18,600 --> 00:16:21,880 Speaker 1: singing for him, and one night she finally asked him 283 00:16:22,000 --> 00:16:25,240 Speaker 1: to take her home. Carl, who once claimed to have 284 00:16:25,360 --> 00:16:28,760 Speaker 1: died and come back himself, believed death was truly only 285 00:16:28,800 --> 00:16:32,240 Speaker 1: a state of suspended animation. So it's here that we 286 00:16:32,320 --> 00:16:36,400 Speaker 1: now find him, supposedly under the direction of Elena, carting 287 00:16:36,440 --> 00:16:39,200 Speaker 1: her body out of the graveyard in a child's wagon. 288 00:16:39,520 --> 00:16:42,280 Speaker 1: He later claimed that this moment was nothing short of 289 00:16:42,320 --> 00:16:46,560 Speaker 1: their great divine wedding March. That night, he brought Elena's 290 00:16:46,560 --> 00:16:49,359 Speaker 1: corpse to his cottage and began to work on engineering 291 00:16:49,400 --> 00:16:53,000 Speaker 1: her resurrection. Over time, he tried all different things. He 292 00:16:53,080 --> 00:16:56,280 Speaker 1: soaked her body in tubs of chemicals, hoping her cells 293 00:16:56,320 --> 00:17:00,440 Speaker 1: would saturate and she would waken. He waited her, apped her, 294 00:17:00,640 --> 00:17:03,720 Speaker 1: He injected her with vitamins, and he took cultures from 295 00:17:03,720 --> 00:17:06,680 Speaker 1: her body for his microscope. And when her skin began 296 00:17:06,720 --> 00:17:09,600 Speaker 1: to fall off, he replaced it with silk. When her 297 00:17:09,600 --> 00:17:13,600 Speaker 1: eyes putrified, he replaced those two. He sealed her leaking 298 00:17:13,640 --> 00:17:18,560 Speaker 1: orifices with wax. He excavated larva and sprayed her with perfume. 299 00:17:18,840 --> 00:17:21,320 Speaker 1: He dressed her in a wedding gown and brought her 300 00:17:21,440 --> 00:17:24,400 Speaker 1: to bed. Karl thought that he was working in secrets, 301 00:17:24,480 --> 00:17:29,760 Speaker 1: but rumors spread. People saw him frequently hauling chemical solvents, deodorizers, 302 00:17:30,040 --> 00:17:32,600 Speaker 1: reams of silk, and gauze to his home. He was 303 00:17:32,640 --> 00:17:35,720 Speaker 1: a scientist and inventored, though, so who could say what 304 00:17:35,800 --> 00:17:38,200 Speaker 1: he was up to. It was later rumored that late 305 00:17:38,240 --> 00:17:41,280 Speaker 1: at night, neighbors would hear organ music wafting from the 306 00:17:41,320 --> 00:17:45,280 Speaker 1: windows with two bodies seeing joined in dance, and this 307 00:17:45,320 --> 00:17:50,720 Speaker 1: went on for seven long years. One of Elena's sisters, Nana, 308 00:17:50,840 --> 00:17:53,720 Speaker 1: had heard the rumors. She didn't want them to be true, 309 00:17:54,000 --> 00:17:56,480 Speaker 1: but after a rash of break ins at the graveyard, 310 00:17:56,760 --> 00:17:59,680 Speaker 1: she insisted that Karl opened a Lena's coffin and show 311 00:17:59,760 --> 00:18:03,000 Speaker 1: her that her sister was all right. Carl refused, but 312 00:18:03,119 --> 00:18:06,080 Speaker 1: he did offer her something else. Carl brought Nana back 313 00:18:06,119 --> 00:18:09,080 Speaker 1: to his cottage. He opened the door and led her inside. 314 00:18:09,320 --> 00:18:12,240 Speaker 1: He had dressed Elena and Jules and brought Nana over 315 00:18:12,320 --> 00:18:15,359 Speaker 1: to see her. According to his later writings, he was 316 00:18:15,440 --> 00:18:17,560 Speaker 1: proud to show how well he had taken care of 317 00:18:17,600 --> 00:18:22,160 Speaker 1: his beloved. Nana, though was horrified. She couldn't believe her eyes. 318 00:18:22,440 --> 00:18:25,080 Speaker 1: She thought that this had to be a doll. It 319 00:18:25,160 --> 00:18:28,600 Speaker 1: couldn't be true. Carl's account of what transpired in their 320 00:18:28,600 --> 00:18:33,159 Speaker 1: bedside conversation is inconceivable at best. Nana, he claims, just 321 00:18:33,320 --> 00:18:35,560 Speaker 1: walked out and told him to put Elena back where 322 00:18:35,600 --> 00:18:38,280 Speaker 1: he found her. She has been under my care all 323 00:18:38,320 --> 00:18:40,679 Speaker 1: of these years, he said, to have shot back, I 324 00:18:40,760 --> 00:18:43,320 Speaker 1: have paid all of her expenses. You forgot that I 325 00:18:43,359 --> 00:18:47,800 Speaker 1: own the tomb and everything inside. He was subsequently arrested 326 00:18:47,840 --> 00:18:50,560 Speaker 1: on the charge of desecrating a grave and spent a 327 00:18:50,680 --> 00:18:54,160 Speaker 1: night in jail. But since the statute of limitations had expired, 328 00:18:54,400 --> 00:18:57,320 Speaker 1: it had now been years since he had kidnapped Elena's body, 329 00:18:57,600 --> 00:19:00,439 Speaker 1: and because the court determined that he was saying and 330 00:19:00,560 --> 00:19:04,719 Speaker 1: mentally competent, he was free to go. As for Elena's corpse, 331 00:19:04,840 --> 00:19:07,560 Speaker 1: she was taken from the cottage. She was given a 332 00:19:07,640 --> 00:19:11,440 Speaker 1: second funeral, which amounted to an entirely different kind of spectacle. 333 00:19:11,720 --> 00:19:15,120 Speaker 1: Almost seven thousand people lined up to take a look 334 00:19:15,119 --> 00:19:17,600 Speaker 1: at what was left of her. Then her body was 335 00:19:17,640 --> 00:19:21,040 Speaker 1: taken to a secret location and reburied, And for those 336 00:19:21,080 --> 00:19:23,840 Speaker 1: of you who are wondering, even to this day, that 337 00:19:23,880 --> 00:19:27,480 Speaker 1: location is still a mystery. But the Count refused to 338 00:19:27,520 --> 00:19:29,919 Speaker 1: go quietly. If he was going to get charged with 339 00:19:30,000 --> 00:19:32,840 Speaker 1: desecrating a grave, he might as well do it. The 340 00:19:32,960 --> 00:19:35,879 Speaker 1: night he left town, Elena's mausoleum was blown up with 341 00:19:36,040 --> 00:19:39,000 Speaker 1: a time bomb. Today, the cracked edifice can still be 342 00:19:39,040 --> 00:19:42,040 Speaker 1: seen in Key West. Although she and the Count are 343 00:19:42,040 --> 00:19:46,000 Speaker 1: both long gone, whispers of his love and her loathing 344 00:19:46,280 --> 00:19:57,240 Speaker 1: are all that remain. The story of Elena and Count 345 00:19:57,359 --> 00:20:00,240 Speaker 1: van Kozol has gone down over the years framed as 346 00:20:00,280 --> 00:20:03,080 Speaker 1: a macab love story, when in fact it is nothing 347 00:20:03,080 --> 00:20:06,560 Speaker 1: more than a nightmare. Elena was vehemently opposed to Van 348 00:20:06,640 --> 00:20:09,800 Speaker 1: Kozel's advances, and he took her silence by means of 349 00:20:09,800 --> 00:20:13,600 Speaker 1: her death as consent, and recently it's possible that an 350 00:20:13,600 --> 00:20:17,040 Speaker 1: even more sinister epilogue has been uncovered. The folks in 351 00:20:17,160 --> 00:20:19,520 Speaker 1: Key West claimed to have made a discovery in an 352 00:20:19,520 --> 00:20:23,119 Speaker 1: old pulp detective magazine in which a journalist was able 353 00:20:23,160 --> 00:20:26,159 Speaker 1: to recover police records from the case. It was claimed 354 00:20:26,200 --> 00:20:30,040 Speaker 1: that during renovations of von Kozel's home, bottles of potions 355 00:20:30,320 --> 00:20:33,400 Speaker 1: and a confession note were uncovered, and in that note, 356 00:20:33,520 --> 00:20:37,040 Speaker 1: the writer appears to be confessing to murder. Putting two 357 00:20:37,040 --> 00:20:39,240 Speaker 1: and two together, one is left to wonder if the 358 00:20:39,359 --> 00:20:42,720 Speaker 1: count realized that if he couldn't cure and possess her 359 00:20:42,720 --> 00:20:46,000 Speaker 1: in life, a fatal poisoning would help him secure her 360 00:20:46,200 --> 00:20:49,520 Speaker 1: in death. Of course, one should be skeptical of these 361 00:20:49,600 --> 00:20:53,000 Speaker 1: kinds of magazines. They look and tend to read like 362 00:20:53,119 --> 00:20:56,640 Speaker 1: a tabloid, and those police records that could have corroborated 363 00:20:56,720 --> 00:20:59,840 Speaker 1: any of these claims, it seems, have since been destroyed. 364 00:21:00,240 --> 00:21:02,840 Speaker 1: Historians believe the missing records might be due to the 365 00:21:02,920 --> 00:21:06,080 Speaker 1: lack of predigital age storage space. If a case was 366 00:21:06,160 --> 00:21:09,320 Speaker 1: considered closed, well, no sense in keeping it around, right, 367 00:21:09,760 --> 00:21:12,760 Speaker 1: and the article it's been reported otherwise got all of 368 00:21:12,760 --> 00:21:16,080 Speaker 1: the facts right. The journalist who wrote it is long dead, 369 00:21:16,280 --> 00:21:18,919 Speaker 1: so there hasn't been a way forward to report on 370 00:21:19,000 --> 00:21:23,040 Speaker 1: the reporting. Regardless, the story continues to fascinate us. It 371 00:21:23,240 --> 00:21:26,280 Speaker 1: is a very extreme example of what could be understood 372 00:21:26,320 --> 00:21:29,560 Speaker 1: as a deadly love sickness, love that has turned into 373 00:21:29,600 --> 00:21:33,280 Speaker 1: something far darker. The media talks about crimes of passion 374 00:21:33,480 --> 00:21:35,399 Speaker 1: and the lengths that people will go to in the 375 00:21:35,520 --> 00:21:38,080 Speaker 1: name of love, and now scientists have been able to 376 00:21:38,119 --> 00:21:42,159 Speaker 1: identify some really interesting and also alarming things that folks 377 00:21:42,160 --> 00:21:45,320 Speaker 1: have been alluding to for thousands of years. It seems 378 00:21:45,359 --> 00:21:48,400 Speaker 1: that love takes a very physical toll on our bodies. 379 00:21:48,720 --> 00:21:52,960 Speaker 1: The shorthand term for aid to Katsubo cardiomyopathy is broken 380 00:21:53,000 --> 00:21:56,600 Speaker 1: heart syndrome. It presents similar to a heart attack, though 381 00:21:56,640 --> 00:21:59,000 Speaker 1: those who suffer from it tend to make complete and 382 00:21:59,080 --> 00:22:02,080 Speaker 1: full recoveries, and we're also able to see the effects 383 00:22:02,080 --> 00:22:05,600 Speaker 1: of love on neuroimaging of our brains. Scans light up 384 00:22:05,680 --> 00:22:08,600 Speaker 1: much differently when looking at all the different kinds of love, 385 00:22:08,960 --> 00:22:12,160 Speaker 1: romantic love lighting up in the region that suggests personal 386 00:22:12,200 --> 00:22:16,600 Speaker 1: apprehension and social judgment might also be compromised. Scientists have 387 00:22:16,680 --> 00:22:19,240 Speaker 1: also suggested that they may have found an overlap between 388 00:22:19,280 --> 00:22:24,359 Speaker 1: obsessive compulsive disorder and romantic attraction. The term limerins was 389 00:22:24,440 --> 00:22:28,200 Speaker 1: coined to describe a set of all consuming psychological symptoms 390 00:22:28,440 --> 00:22:32,480 Speaker 1: characterized by obsessive, intrusive thoughts about an object of affection. 391 00:22:32,800 --> 00:22:36,280 Speaker 1: We now know that this state isn't just psychologically based, 392 00:22:36,640 --> 00:22:39,720 Speaker 1: but neurologically as well, and it leaves us to wonder 393 00:22:40,040 --> 00:22:42,399 Speaker 1: if this is what we call love, Is it all 394 00:22:42,440 --> 00:22:45,520 Speaker 1: simply another affliction to be treated? How do we tease 395 00:22:45,560 --> 00:22:49,200 Speaker 1: apart what is harmful and keep the stuff that benefits us? 396 00:22:49,560 --> 00:22:52,520 Speaker 1: And even more challenging than all of that, when those 397 00:22:52,560 --> 00:22:55,800 Speaker 1: things live together in the same cognitive stew how do 398 00:22:55,880 --> 00:22:58,159 Speaker 1: we tell them apart when we're deep in it? And 399 00:22:58,280 --> 00:23:06,160 Speaker 1: how can we save our solves? Love, of course, isn't 400 00:23:06,240 --> 00:23:08,560 Speaker 1: just something that happens to us. It's something that we 401 00:23:08,680 --> 00:23:11,240 Speaker 1: as humans do, and love doesn't have to be in 402 00:23:11,359 --> 00:23:15,000 Speaker 1: grand gestures, As count Van Kozo believed, love comes in 403 00:23:15,080 --> 00:23:17,840 Speaker 1: small moments every day. If you stick around through this 404 00:23:17,880 --> 00:23:21,000 Speaker 1: brief sponsor break, my teammates Robin Miniter will tell you 405 00:23:21,040 --> 00:23:23,360 Speaker 1: a story about a love that was lost and then 406 00:23:23,440 --> 00:23:31,480 Speaker 1: found once more. The woman in the window was a 407 00:23:31,520 --> 00:23:34,840 Speaker 1: mystery to so many. She largely kept to herself, a 408 00:23:34,960 --> 00:23:38,199 Speaker 1: specter and white, illuminated by the oil lamp's warm halo. 409 00:23:38,840 --> 00:23:41,359 Speaker 1: For years, Emily was her only company in her bedroom 410 00:23:41,400 --> 00:23:45,200 Speaker 1: on Main Street and Amherst, Massachusetts. Sequestered above and away 411 00:23:45,200 --> 00:23:48,240 Speaker 1: from the outside, she created rich landscapes of her own 412 00:23:48,280 --> 00:23:51,600 Speaker 1: inner world, and with ink she'd penned these internal geographies. 413 00:23:52,119 --> 00:23:54,960 Speaker 1: She was a prolific writer, authoring hundreds of letters and 414 00:23:54,960 --> 00:23:57,919 Speaker 1: poems on bits and shreads and pieces of paper. Emily 415 00:23:58,000 --> 00:23:59,920 Speaker 1: was a dreamer, and she was a lover her word, 416 00:24:00,160 --> 00:24:03,080 Speaker 1: so accurately conveying what her heart was saying, but who 417 00:24:03,200 --> 00:24:06,320 Speaker 1: her heart and she, in turn was saying These things too, 418 00:24:06,400 --> 00:24:10,240 Speaker 1: has long been a source of controversy. Emily Dickinson only 419 00:24:10,280 --> 00:24:13,359 Speaker 1: published ten poems in her lifetime, and when she died 420 00:24:13,400 --> 00:24:16,720 Speaker 1: in eighteen eighty six, she left behind a massive body 421 00:24:16,760 --> 00:24:20,560 Speaker 1: of deeply personal work, almost eighteen hundred poems and hundreds 422 00:24:20,560 --> 00:24:23,480 Speaker 1: of letters to be come through by her family, and 423 00:24:23,560 --> 00:24:26,199 Speaker 1: what they found was astounding for the sheer volume of 424 00:24:26,200 --> 00:24:29,400 Speaker 1: words left behind, but also for the contents of the pages. 425 00:24:30,040 --> 00:24:32,600 Speaker 1: It's believed that whoever took it upon themselves to handle 426 00:24:32,600 --> 00:24:34,720 Speaker 1: her work didn't want the world to see what she 427 00:24:34,760 --> 00:24:37,520 Speaker 1: had written, or at least some of its key parts, 428 00:24:38,320 --> 00:24:40,800 Speaker 1: so began the crossing out of names and the extraction 429 00:24:40,840 --> 00:24:43,719 Speaker 1: of entire lines with a sharp blade. Whoever did this 430 00:24:43,760 --> 00:24:45,800 Speaker 1: thought it would make her work more palatable and more 431 00:24:45,840 --> 00:24:48,840 Speaker 1: saleable to the general public. After all, it would be 432 00:24:48,920 --> 00:24:51,800 Speaker 1: scandalous should the world know that Emily had carried on 433 00:24:51,840 --> 00:24:55,080 Speaker 1: a lifelong relationship with another woman, a woman who was 434 00:24:55,160 --> 00:24:58,760 Speaker 1: not just her neighbor but her brother's wife. Some historians 435 00:24:58,800 --> 00:25:02,240 Speaker 1: believe that Emily's love was unjustly censored and sanitized in 436 00:25:02,280 --> 00:25:04,960 Speaker 1: the wake of her death, But in recent years, with 437 00:25:05,000 --> 00:25:07,639 Speaker 1: some good old fashioned detective work in the benefit of 438 00:25:07,720 --> 00:25:11,159 Speaker 1: modern technology, historians have been working to restore the larger 439 00:25:11,200 --> 00:25:14,200 Speaker 1: story of Emily and Susan's love and cement their story 440 00:25:14,240 --> 00:25:18,119 Speaker 1: in the larger cultural mythos around Emily Dickinson. In the 441 00:25:18,200 --> 00:25:21,560 Speaker 1: nineteen nineties, scholar Martha Nell Smith got to work combing 442 00:25:21,560 --> 00:25:25,000 Speaker 1: over Emily's original work. She carefully studied the impressions on 443 00:25:25,040 --> 00:25:27,879 Speaker 1: the backs of the delicate aging pieces of paper, and 444 00:25:27,960 --> 00:25:31,400 Speaker 1: for the harder cases, she employed infrared technology to detect 445 00:25:31,440 --> 00:25:35,480 Speaker 1: any alterations made to the documents. Using computer, textures and 446 00:25:35,520 --> 00:25:39,920 Speaker 1: tones could be manipulated pixel by pixel restoring attempts at obliteration. 447 00:25:40,560 --> 00:25:44,800 Speaker 1: Think of these tech detectives as restoration specialists, working painstakingly 448 00:25:44,880 --> 00:25:47,439 Speaker 1: to uncover what others have long thought to be lost 449 00:25:47,480 --> 00:25:50,000 Speaker 1: to our eyes. And it's in these letters that we 450 00:25:50,080 --> 00:25:52,960 Speaker 1: find Emily's love and longing for Susan written over the 451 00:25:53,080 --> 00:25:56,680 Speaker 1: arc of four decades. They lived somewhat parallel lives, side 452 00:25:56,680 --> 00:26:00,760 Speaker 1: by side in two separate, stately homes. Their relationships stretched 453 00:26:00,760 --> 00:26:03,680 Speaker 1: back into their early twenties, and whether the intervening years 454 00:26:03,760 --> 00:26:06,800 Speaker 1: and everything they brought it since speculated that Emily had 455 00:26:06,800 --> 00:26:10,040 Speaker 1: other entanglements, but the affection shared between these two women 456 00:26:10,119 --> 00:26:13,679 Speaker 1: burned bright and lifelong. The exact shape of Emily and 457 00:26:13,720 --> 00:26:16,320 Speaker 1: Susan's love may never be known to the world, but 458 00:26:16,400 --> 00:26:18,640 Speaker 1: today we have a best guess at what it meant 459 00:26:18,680 --> 00:26:21,000 Speaker 1: to them. In a world where they could never be 460 00:26:21,080 --> 00:26:24,560 Speaker 1: married nor recognize as domestic partners, they found a way, 461 00:26:24,720 --> 00:26:27,439 Speaker 1: Albeit it secretly to love and to be loved at 462 00:26:27,440 --> 00:26:29,800 Speaker 1: a time when marriage was less about affection and more 463 00:26:29,800 --> 00:26:33,000 Speaker 1: about social strategizing. For all of the heartache and the 464 00:26:33,040 --> 00:26:36,280 Speaker 1: obstacles that the years presented, Emily and Susan continued to 465 00:26:36,320 --> 00:26:39,640 Speaker 1: find their way back to each other, separated only by society, 466 00:26:39,760 --> 00:26:45,879 Speaker 1: scripts and a stone's throw. Grim and Mild Presents Bedside 467 00:26:45,920 --> 00:26:49,840 Speaker 1: Manners was executive produced by Aaron Manky and narrated by 468 00:26:49,840 --> 00:26:53,320 Speaker 1: Aaron Mankie and Robin Miniter. Writing for this season was 469 00:26:53,400 --> 00:26:57,520 Speaker 1: provided by Robin Miniter, with research by Sam Alberty, Taylor 470 00:26:57,560 --> 00:27:01,479 Speaker 1: Haggerdorn and Robin Miniter. Production an assistance was provided by 471 00:27:01,600 --> 00:27:06,159 Speaker 1: Josh Thine, Jesse Funk, Alex Williams, and Matt Frederick. You 472 00:27:06,200 --> 00:27:08,959 Speaker 1: can learn more about this show, the Grim and Mild team, 473 00:27:08,960 --> 00:27:11,600 Speaker 1: and all the other podcasts that we make over at 474 00:27:11,640 --> 00:27:16,160 Speaker 1: Grimm Mild dot com and, as always, thanks for listening.