1 00:00:03,160 --> 00:00:06,200 Speaker 1: One of the president's closest advisors is Jake Sullivan. He 2 00:00:06,280 --> 00:00:08,840 Speaker 1: was the nationals curity advisor and the second youngest person 3 00:00:08,880 --> 00:00:10,800 Speaker 1: to hold that job at the age of forty three. 4 00:00:10,960 --> 00:00:13,200 Speaker 1: I sat down with him recently here in the executive 5 00:00:13,240 --> 00:00:16,200 Speaker 1: office building to discuss a wide range of international issues 6 00:00:16,360 --> 00:00:19,160 Speaker 1: and national security issues affecting the president and our country. 7 00:00:19,480 --> 00:00:21,639 Speaker 1: So let me get right to the heart of Ukraine. 8 00:00:21,640 --> 00:00:24,239 Speaker 1: If I could ask you, is there any chance of 9 00:00:24,280 --> 00:00:28,160 Speaker 1: a resolution in Ukraine matter anytime the foreseeable future? Any 10 00:00:28,160 --> 00:00:30,600 Speaker 1: possibility of a truce or some kind of agreement that 11 00:00:30,640 --> 00:00:33,240 Speaker 1: you think could end this war in the next few 12 00:00:33,280 --> 00:00:35,400 Speaker 1: months or so? You never say never. There's always a 13 00:00:35,479 --> 00:00:38,360 Speaker 1: chance and we've been clear from the beginning that we 14 00:00:38,400 --> 00:00:43,159 Speaker 1: would support a diplomatic solution that vindicated Ukraine's right to 15 00:00:43,360 --> 00:00:46,519 Speaker 1: sovereignty and territorial integrity. But the odds of it in 16 00:00:46,560 --> 00:00:48,920 Speaker 1: the next few months, I think, are quite low. On China, 17 00:00:49,040 --> 00:00:51,320 Speaker 1: the President United States has not met with G G 18 00:00:51,479 --> 00:00:54,680 Speaker 1: Ping for covid related reasons, but there isn't possibility they 19 00:00:54,760 --> 00:00:58,120 Speaker 1: might meet in the upcoming meeting. Do you have any 20 00:00:58,160 --> 00:01:02,000 Speaker 1: plans to have a UM agreement or any kind of 21 00:01:02,320 --> 00:01:05,600 Speaker 1: proposed settlements of any issues that are now ongoing between 22 00:01:05,600 --> 00:01:07,560 Speaker 1: the two countries, or is it just more more or 23 00:01:07,600 --> 00:01:10,280 Speaker 1: less and meet and greet with no advanced planning of 24 00:01:10,319 --> 00:01:14,200 Speaker 1: any great consequence? Well, right now there's no meeting planned but, 25 00:01:14,280 --> 00:01:17,680 Speaker 1: as you say, they will both be in Bali, Indonesia, 26 00:01:17,760 --> 00:01:20,440 Speaker 1: for the g twenty in November and it would afford 27 00:01:20,440 --> 00:01:22,280 Speaker 1: an opportunity for the two of them to sit down 28 00:01:22,319 --> 00:01:25,200 Speaker 1: in person. Actually, despite the fact that they've spent a 29 00:01:25,240 --> 00:01:28,520 Speaker 1: huge amount of time together when Joe Biden was vice president, 30 00:01:28,800 --> 00:01:32,920 Speaker 1: they've not met in person since President Biden became president, 31 00:01:32,959 --> 00:01:36,240 Speaker 1: and that's because Si jimping has basically not left China 32 00:01:36,720 --> 00:01:39,679 Speaker 1: in two years due to covid nineteen. So this would 33 00:01:39,680 --> 00:01:43,240 Speaker 1: be their first real chance to sit face to face 34 00:01:43,360 --> 00:01:45,840 Speaker 1: and talk through the full range of issues in the relationship. 35 00:01:45,959 --> 00:01:48,520 Speaker 1: I wouldn't expect major agreements to come out of that, 36 00:01:49,000 --> 00:01:53,080 Speaker 1: but if they do actually sit and again that's hasn't 37 00:01:53,120 --> 00:01:56,640 Speaker 1: been decided Um, I would expect that we would see 38 00:01:56,640 --> 00:01:59,480 Speaker 1: some progress on some issues where the two countries interest 39 00:01:59,560 --> 00:02:02,360 Speaker 1: DU align. As we talk today, it's come out that 40 00:02:03,200 --> 00:02:06,160 Speaker 1: President Putin will be meeting with President Shei Jiping, most 41 00:02:06,200 --> 00:02:09,919 Speaker 1: likely somewhere in Europe not too long from now. was 42 00:02:09,960 --> 00:02:11,880 Speaker 1: that a surprise to you, and what do you think 43 00:02:11,880 --> 00:02:14,480 Speaker 1: they're going to be talking about? Well, it's not a surprise. 44 00:02:14,720 --> 00:02:18,560 Speaker 1: President she and President Putin have met frequently over the 45 00:02:18,560 --> 00:02:21,560 Speaker 1: course of each of their tenure and in fact President 46 00:02:21,600 --> 00:02:25,200 Speaker 1: Putin went to Beijing earlier this year and met in 47 00:02:25,240 --> 00:02:27,840 Speaker 1: person with president she in February when they rolled out 48 00:02:27,880 --> 00:02:30,720 Speaker 1: this new partnership between the two countries. So I think 49 00:02:30,720 --> 00:02:33,280 Speaker 1: that they'll talk about the full range of issues in 50 00:02:33,320 --> 00:02:37,000 Speaker 1: their relationship. But I would note two things. First, before 51 00:02:37,040 --> 00:02:41,000 Speaker 1: president she goes to Uzbekistan to meet with President Uh 52 00:02:41,240 --> 00:02:44,559 Speaker 1: Putin on the sidelines of another summit, he's going to Kazakhstan, 53 00:02:45,040 --> 00:02:47,360 Speaker 1: and Kazakhstan is a place where actually China and Russia 54 00:02:47,440 --> 00:02:50,960 Speaker 1: compete for influence. So it's an indication that this is 55 00:02:50,960 --> 00:02:54,959 Speaker 1: a relationship not without its complications. And then second, China 56 00:02:55,120 --> 00:03:00,320 Speaker 1: has actually stood back from fully getting in the hind 57 00:03:00,480 --> 00:03:02,520 Speaker 1: the Russians when it comes to their war in Ukraine. 58 00:03:02,560 --> 00:03:05,760 Speaker 1: We have not seen them provide large scale support in 59 00:03:05,840 --> 00:03:10,840 Speaker 1: terms of weapons or industrial scale efforts to undermine western sanctions. 60 00:03:10,880 --> 00:03:14,480 Speaker 1: So from our perspective, this relationship is something that bears 61 00:03:14,480 --> 00:03:18,400 Speaker 1: close watching, but again, is not without its complications. As 62 00:03:18,400 --> 00:03:21,120 Speaker 1: we talk, if there's also reports that North Korea is 63 00:03:21,160 --> 00:03:25,639 Speaker 1: selling weapons to Russia, was that a surprise to the administration? Well, 64 00:03:25,680 --> 00:03:28,600 Speaker 1: what it indicates actually is that Russia doesn't have a 65 00:03:28,639 --> 00:03:31,359 Speaker 1: lot of options. It appears to be running short of 66 00:03:31,400 --> 00:03:34,160 Speaker 1: its own munitions. It looks around the world and doesn't 67 00:03:34,440 --> 00:03:37,000 Speaker 1: find a lot of countries willing to sell it munition, 68 00:03:37,120 --> 00:03:39,720 Speaker 1: so it has to look to states like Iran and 69 00:03:39,760 --> 00:03:44,560 Speaker 1: North Korea to get ammunition and other forms of weaponry 70 00:03:44,600 --> 00:03:47,280 Speaker 1: to be able to sustain its conflict in Ukraine. This 71 00:03:47,400 --> 00:03:51,040 Speaker 1: is not, in our view, a demonstration of strength by Russia. 72 00:03:51,640 --> 00:03:56,000 Speaker 1: Now the negotiations with Iran to restore, if that's the 73 00:03:56,080 --> 00:03:59,680 Speaker 1: right verb, the nuclear agreement is ongoing. It's been going 74 00:03:59,760 --> 00:04:02,280 Speaker 1: going for quite some time. Do you see any resolution 75 00:04:02,320 --> 00:04:04,600 Speaker 1: of that in the near future, and not in the 76 00:04:04,600 --> 00:04:07,600 Speaker 1: coming days? Uh, the Iranians have come back with a 77 00:04:07,680 --> 00:04:10,720 Speaker 1: set of counter proposals which we are still taking a 78 00:04:10,720 --> 00:04:13,720 Speaker 1: look at, but it doesn't suggest that an agreement is 79 00:04:14,480 --> 00:04:18,640 Speaker 1: uh imminent right away. That being said, we do believe 80 00:04:18,720 --> 00:04:22,440 Speaker 1: that there still is a pathway to a compliance for 81 00:04:22,440 --> 00:04:24,800 Speaker 1: compliance returned to the J C P O a. We 82 00:04:24,839 --> 00:04:27,760 Speaker 1: will continue to work on that with our partners, particularly 83 00:04:27,760 --> 00:04:31,600 Speaker 1: our European partners, and if Iran is prepared to do 84 00:04:31,720 --> 00:04:33,880 Speaker 1: its part to get back into the J C P 85 00:04:33,960 --> 00:04:36,159 Speaker 1: O A, we stand ready to do so. And as 86 00:04:36,160 --> 00:04:39,359 Speaker 1: we talk, the new Prime Minister of UK has been announced. 87 00:04:39,680 --> 00:04:43,080 Speaker 1: Previously involved in foreign policy. H Have you met her before? 88 00:04:43,560 --> 00:04:45,440 Speaker 1: I have met her before. I've met her here in 89 00:04:45,480 --> 00:04:47,560 Speaker 1: the White House, right down the hall from where we 90 00:04:47,600 --> 00:04:51,279 Speaker 1: are right now, when she was foreign secretary. She's transitioned 91 00:04:51,279 --> 00:04:54,640 Speaker 1: from being essentially their secretary of state to being their 92 00:04:54,680 --> 00:04:58,000 Speaker 1: prime minister and actually just yesterday President Biden had the 93 00:04:58,000 --> 00:05:01,760 Speaker 1: opportunity to have a long phone call with her just 94 00:05:01,880 --> 00:05:04,159 Speaker 1: hours after she had assumed her new position. And do 95 00:05:04,160 --> 00:05:06,800 Speaker 1: you expect any change in the UK US policy as 96 00:05:06,839 --> 00:05:10,919 Speaker 1: a result of her becoming prime minister? At a foundational level? No, uh, 97 00:05:10,960 --> 00:05:13,680 Speaker 1: you know, this is a special relationship. The two of 98 00:05:13,720 --> 00:05:17,800 Speaker 1: them reaffirmed their commitment to the strength and vitality of 99 00:05:17,800 --> 00:05:20,200 Speaker 1: the U S UK alliance and I think on all 100 00:05:20,240 --> 00:05:24,400 Speaker 1: of the major issues, whether it's Russia or China or 101 00:05:24,440 --> 00:05:29,240 Speaker 1: iron you'll see the same kind of Um, deep consultation 102 00:05:29,400 --> 00:05:31,880 Speaker 1: and engagement between the two countries that you've seen before, 103 00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:36,120 Speaker 1: regardless of whose president, regardless of whose prime minister. So 104 00:05:36,279 --> 00:05:39,880 Speaker 1: I don't expect that there will be any fundamental changes 105 00:05:39,880 --> 00:05:41,920 Speaker 1: in the relationship. But you know, there will be issues 106 00:05:41,960 --> 00:05:44,200 Speaker 1: that we have to work through, of course, as there 107 00:05:44,200 --> 00:05:46,840 Speaker 1: always are. Now, as we talk, the U N General 108 00:05:46,920 --> 00:05:48,960 Speaker 1: Assembly will be meeting not too long from now in 109 00:05:49,000 --> 00:05:51,120 Speaker 1: New York, as it does every year. Um, do you 110 00:05:51,120 --> 00:05:55,000 Speaker 1: think the U N has still a useful purpose in diplomacy, 111 00:05:55,040 --> 00:05:57,560 Speaker 1: because it doesn't seem to be able to solve any problems? 112 00:05:57,920 --> 00:06:00,280 Speaker 1: Ongoing war problems that we now see in us are 113 00:06:00,360 --> 00:06:02,400 Speaker 1: Ukraine or Russia. What do you think is the U 114 00:06:02,520 --> 00:06:05,400 Speaker 1: N's main purpose at this point? Well, the UN actually 115 00:06:05,440 --> 00:06:10,320 Speaker 1: has proved its continued effectiveness in actually being able to 116 00:06:10,360 --> 00:06:14,360 Speaker 1: bring about diplomatic agreements in very difficult circumstances. I'll give 117 00:06:14,360 --> 00:06:18,040 Speaker 1: you just two examples from the past few months. First, 118 00:06:18,160 --> 00:06:21,279 Speaker 1: on Russia Ukraine. It was the U N Secretary General, 119 00:06:21,320 --> 00:06:24,719 Speaker 1: Antonio Guterres, who played a central role in getting a 120 00:06:24,760 --> 00:06:28,160 Speaker 1: deal between Russia and Ukraine for the export of grain 121 00:06:28,680 --> 00:06:31,799 Speaker 1: from both Ukrainian ports and Russian ports in the Black Sea. 122 00:06:32,160 --> 00:06:35,320 Speaker 1: That's helping the entire world with respect to lowering food 123 00:06:35,320 --> 00:06:40,760 Speaker 1: prices and expanding access to food stuffs at a critical moment. Second, 124 00:06:41,560 --> 00:06:45,440 Speaker 1: it was a UN mediator, working with our US envoy, 125 00:06:45,600 --> 00:06:50,320 Speaker 1: the Saudis and marats and the Yemenis who helped produce, 126 00:06:50,360 --> 00:06:53,080 Speaker 1: earlier this year, a ceasefire in the war and Yemen, 127 00:06:53,120 --> 00:06:56,360 Speaker 1: which had been the worst humanitarian catastrophe in the world. 128 00:06:56,800 --> 00:07:00,400 Speaker 1: That ceasefire is now going on six months, the longest 129 00:07:00,440 --> 00:07:02,880 Speaker 1: period of peace in seven years in Yemen, and the 130 00:07:02,960 --> 00:07:05,800 Speaker 1: UN played a key role in that. So it is 131 00:07:05,839 --> 00:07:08,800 Speaker 1: not without its difficulties and complications. It is a big 132 00:07:08,800 --> 00:07:12,720 Speaker 1: bureaucracy in need of constant reform, but the UN is 133 00:07:12,800 --> 00:07:16,800 Speaker 1: still there on key issues, in diplomacy, in delivering on 134 00:07:16,840 --> 00:07:20,320 Speaker 1: global health, Global Food Security and other issues, and all 135 00:07:20,360 --> 00:07:21,960 Speaker 1: of that will be on display in New York in 136 00:07:22,000 --> 00:07:24,400 Speaker 1: two weeks now. Recently the president made a major speech 137 00:07:24,440 --> 00:07:27,440 Speaker 1: on democracy, and in it he talked about the values 138 00:07:27,480 --> 00:07:29,640 Speaker 1: of democracy, which is large part of our foreign policy, 139 00:07:29,640 --> 00:07:32,920 Speaker 1: which is to promote democracy around the world. Our events 140 00:07:32,920 --> 00:07:34,560 Speaker 1: in the United States or the last year or so 141 00:07:34,680 --> 00:07:36,560 Speaker 1: making it more difficult for the US to stay to 142 00:07:36,640 --> 00:07:39,840 Speaker 1: other countries looking how wonderful our democracy has worked, and 143 00:07:39,840 --> 00:07:42,040 Speaker 1: therefore you should be following some of the things we 144 00:07:42,080 --> 00:07:45,720 Speaker 1: do well. It does require a degree of humility. I 145 00:07:45,760 --> 00:07:48,560 Speaker 1: mean the United States does need to acknowledge that we 146 00:07:48,680 --> 00:07:52,240 Speaker 1: have our own difficulties and challenges within our own democracy, 147 00:07:52,320 --> 00:07:56,200 Speaker 1: even as we tout and promote democratic institutions, rule of 148 00:07:56,280 --> 00:07:59,000 Speaker 1: law human rights around the world. But I think President 149 00:07:59,040 --> 00:08:01,800 Speaker 1: Biden is actually a very good messenger for that, someone 150 00:08:01,840 --> 00:08:05,400 Speaker 1: who can speak honestly and clearly to the American people 151 00:08:05,760 --> 00:08:08,600 Speaker 1: about the strains in our democracy and then someone who 152 00:08:08,640 --> 00:08:11,440 Speaker 1: can speak honestly and clearly to the world about how, 153 00:08:11,520 --> 00:08:16,240 Speaker 1: despite all of its imperfections, democracy remains the best form 154 00:08:16,280 --> 00:08:20,480 Speaker 1: of government for delivering for citizens and for promoting human dignity. 155 00:08:20,640 --> 00:08:22,920 Speaker 1: Let's talk a moment about your own background. You are 156 00:08:22,960 --> 00:08:26,120 Speaker 1: not generally out there promoting your background. It's quite impressive 157 00:08:26,160 --> 00:08:27,640 Speaker 1: and I just want to let people know about it 158 00:08:27,680 --> 00:08:30,400 Speaker 1: a bit. You grew up in Minnesota, that's right, and 159 00:08:30,520 --> 00:08:33,280 Speaker 1: I guess you were a superstar in elementary school, junior 160 00:08:33,320 --> 00:08:35,400 Speaker 1: high school, high school. You're a president of your class, 161 00:08:35,440 --> 00:08:38,000 Speaker 1: President Student Government. Is there anything you failed to do 162 00:08:38,080 --> 00:08:40,439 Speaker 1: in high school that you wanted to do? Well, uh, 163 00:08:40,440 --> 00:08:42,640 Speaker 1: I didn't win all the cross country races that I 164 00:08:42,679 --> 00:08:46,840 Speaker 1: wanted to win. I guess. Yeah, but you went to Yale. Yeah, 165 00:08:46,880 --> 00:08:49,080 Speaker 1: and Yale you must have done. Reasonaly, while you were 166 00:08:49,080 --> 00:08:53,640 Speaker 1: elected as a Rhodes scholar and from Oxford, you later 167 00:08:53,679 --> 00:08:56,080 Speaker 1: came back and went to Yale law school and you 168 00:08:56,120 --> 00:08:58,240 Speaker 1: were a top editor there and became a Supreme Court 169 00:08:58,240 --> 00:09:02,040 Speaker 1: clerk for Justice Brier. So did you, when you're having 170 00:09:02,040 --> 00:09:04,040 Speaker 1: this career, do you ever think that you could make 171 00:09:04,040 --> 00:09:06,240 Speaker 1: a mistake or your career could kind of go off 172 00:09:06,240 --> 00:09:08,199 Speaker 1: the deep end or something, because everything was working out 173 00:09:08,240 --> 00:09:12,640 Speaker 1: perfectly well? It's true that I have had these incredible opportunities, 174 00:09:12,679 --> 00:09:15,080 Speaker 1: but at every one of those stages I went through 175 00:09:15,120 --> 00:09:18,800 Speaker 1: the same fears and growing pains and slip ups and 176 00:09:18,840 --> 00:09:21,920 Speaker 1: stumbles that everybody did. And you know, that was true 177 00:09:22,000 --> 00:09:25,960 Speaker 1: with respect to academic work that was far from perfect. 178 00:09:26,040 --> 00:09:29,640 Speaker 1: It was true with respect to relationships that didn't work out. 179 00:09:29,880 --> 00:09:33,040 Speaker 1: You know, it's I I had what I think was, 180 00:09:33,720 --> 00:09:38,800 Speaker 1: you know, an incredibly lucky childhood and upbringing, but one 181 00:09:38,920 --> 00:09:41,480 Speaker 1: that it was not too different from the way a 182 00:09:41,559 --> 00:09:43,400 Speaker 1: lot of other people who grew up in the Midwest 183 00:09:43,440 --> 00:09:45,760 Speaker 1: in the nineteen eighties and and then, you know, got 184 00:09:45,800 --> 00:09:47,960 Speaker 1: to have these chances. Your father and mother, what did 185 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:50,760 Speaker 1: they do? So my father worked on the business side 186 00:09:50,760 --> 00:09:54,080 Speaker 1: of the Minneapolis Star Tribune, which was the major newspaper 187 00:09:54,080 --> 00:09:57,240 Speaker 1: in Minneapolis. My mother was a teacher and a guidance 188 00:09:57,280 --> 00:10:01,480 Speaker 1: counselor in the Minneapolis public schools. And I'm one of five. 189 00:10:01,520 --> 00:10:04,080 Speaker 1: I'm the second of five kids and we all went 190 00:10:04,200 --> 00:10:08,080 Speaker 1: to the Minneapolis public schools, graduated from Southwest High School. 191 00:10:08,160 --> 00:10:10,840 Speaker 1: And your siblings do they say look, you're too good, 192 00:10:10,880 --> 00:10:12,920 Speaker 1: you're a Rhodes scholar, you're a Yett Law Journal and 193 00:10:12,960 --> 00:10:17,319 Speaker 1: everything are there's no sibling rivalries. I mean actually, I 194 00:10:17,320 --> 00:10:19,880 Speaker 1: would say my sister is probably the most impressive among us. 195 00:10:19,920 --> 00:10:23,280 Speaker 1: She's a pediatrician. She was a two sports division one 196 00:10:23,320 --> 00:10:27,640 Speaker 1: athlete and Um, she's got five kids, uh, and is 197 00:10:27,640 --> 00:10:30,720 Speaker 1: currently working at the Department of Health and Human Services 198 00:10:30,760 --> 00:10:36,280 Speaker 1: on covid nineteen and other UM pandemic responses. So I'm 199 00:10:36,360 --> 00:10:38,680 Speaker 1: like kind of middle of the pack in terms of 200 00:10:38,679 --> 00:10:41,440 Speaker 1: my siblings. There was another person who was a Rhodes scholar, 201 00:10:41,520 --> 00:10:45,320 Speaker 1: went the law school who became President United States, Bill Clinton. 202 00:10:45,440 --> 00:10:47,880 Speaker 1: So have you ever thought of running for office yourself? 203 00:10:48,480 --> 00:10:51,480 Speaker 1: I used to think about it but honestly, over the 204 00:10:51,480 --> 00:10:53,720 Speaker 1: course of the years I think my skills are better 205 00:10:53,760 --> 00:10:57,160 Speaker 1: suited to public service in a not elected format Um 206 00:10:57,880 --> 00:11:01,000 Speaker 1: and I'd rather help other people who I think would 207 00:11:01,000 --> 00:11:03,600 Speaker 1: be better suited for actually running for office these talk 208 00:11:03,640 --> 00:11:05,480 Speaker 1: for a moment about what it's like to be the 209 00:11:05,559 --> 00:11:09,080 Speaker 1: nation security advisor. The NA security advisor office was set up, 210 00:11:09,080 --> 00:11:11,439 Speaker 1: I think, in the Eisenhower administration, more or less, though 211 00:11:11,600 --> 00:11:14,480 Speaker 1: President Truman had a Nashecurity advisor as well. Your job, 212 00:11:14,520 --> 00:11:17,000 Speaker 1: as they get in early every day, make sure there's 213 00:11:17,000 --> 00:11:19,080 Speaker 1: no crisis or there is a crisis, tell the president. 214 00:11:19,120 --> 00:11:21,280 Speaker 1: Are you seeing the president early in the morning and 215 00:11:21,320 --> 00:11:23,160 Speaker 1: briefing him? Is that what you do, as as many 216 00:11:23,280 --> 00:11:25,720 Speaker 1: have done before? Yes, so in the morning we have 217 00:11:25,800 --> 00:11:28,840 Speaker 1: something called the President's daily brief that takes place in 218 00:11:28,880 --> 00:11:33,920 Speaker 1: the Oval Office and it's myself, my two deputies and 219 00:11:33,960 --> 00:11:38,040 Speaker 1: then the director of national intelligence who are there every day, 220 00:11:38,160 --> 00:11:40,959 Speaker 1: and then we also bring in other cabinet members depending 221 00:11:41,040 --> 00:11:43,520 Speaker 1: on what the subjects are being briefed so that he 222 00:11:43,559 --> 00:11:47,720 Speaker 1: gets the president gets exposure to his full national security 223 00:11:47,720 --> 00:11:49,800 Speaker 1: team over the course of the week and we talked 224 00:11:49,840 --> 00:11:53,480 Speaker 1: to him about things that have developed overnight around the 225 00:11:53,520 --> 00:11:55,840 Speaker 1: world and we also talked to him about longer term 226 00:11:55,880 --> 00:11:59,680 Speaker 1: trends that he expresses interest in and wants to stay 227 00:11:59,679 --> 00:12:02,160 Speaker 1: on top of. So it's a mix of both the 228 00:12:02,200 --> 00:12:05,160 Speaker 1: immediate term and the long term and it gives him 229 00:12:05,200 --> 00:12:08,360 Speaker 1: a full picture of the challenges and Opportunities in the 230 00:12:08,360 --> 00:12:10,719 Speaker 1: world for American form. And then, during a typical day, 231 00:12:10,720 --> 00:12:12,679 Speaker 1: do you see him a couple other times and do 232 00:12:12,720 --> 00:12:14,640 Speaker 1: you see him at the end of the day as well? Well, 233 00:12:14,880 --> 00:12:17,600 Speaker 1: you know, just to take yesterday as an example, in 234 00:12:17,640 --> 00:12:21,440 Speaker 1: addition to the PDB UH Secretary B Lincoln and I 235 00:12:21,520 --> 00:12:24,760 Speaker 1: had the opportunity to just sit with him informally uh 236 00:12:24,760 --> 00:12:27,560 Speaker 1: for a little while before the cabinet meeting so we 237 00:12:27,600 --> 00:12:29,760 Speaker 1: could talk through a kind of tick list of issues 238 00:12:29,800 --> 00:12:31,480 Speaker 1: that had been building up over the course of the 239 00:12:31,600 --> 00:12:34,360 Speaker 1: last couple of weeks. And then later in the afternoon 240 00:12:34,400 --> 00:12:36,720 Speaker 1: we had this call with the British Prime Minister and 241 00:12:36,720 --> 00:12:39,440 Speaker 1: and that involved some amount of time to talk through 242 00:12:39,960 --> 00:12:42,400 Speaker 1: what he wanted to accomplish in that phone call, what 243 00:12:42,960 --> 00:12:45,640 Speaker 1: we expected she would say to him, and then I 244 00:12:45,679 --> 00:12:47,520 Speaker 1: sat there with him while he did the phone call. 245 00:12:47,600 --> 00:12:49,880 Speaker 1: So that would be a typical day seeing the president 246 00:12:49,920 --> 00:12:53,320 Speaker 1: two three times and then spending time with the other 247 00:12:53,720 --> 00:12:57,520 Speaker 1: principles of the National Security Council the the cabinet secretary, 248 00:12:57,559 --> 00:13:01,079 Speaker 1: Secretary of Defense, the secretary of the Treasury and the 249 00:13:01,120 --> 00:13:04,720 Speaker 1: Secretary of State and talking through the big decisions that 250 00:13:04,760 --> 00:13:06,720 Speaker 1: we would need to tee up for the president to 251 00:13:06,760 --> 00:13:11,840 Speaker 1: make on everything from global food security to Taiwan to 252 00:13:12,400 --> 00:13:15,800 Speaker 1: the chips act, you know, the new law that's been 253 00:13:15,800 --> 00:13:19,160 Speaker 1: passed to invest in advanced microchips here in the United States. 254 00:13:19,280 --> 00:13:23,000 Speaker 1: We cover the waterfront. So sometimes presidents I observe lose 255 00:13:23,040 --> 00:13:26,920 Speaker 1: their temper and they yell ums. President Biden a yeller 256 00:13:26,920 --> 00:13:29,240 Speaker 1: when he's not happy, or he just calmly just says 257 00:13:29,280 --> 00:13:32,880 Speaker 1: here's what I think. He's not a yeller. Uh. You know, 258 00:13:32,960 --> 00:13:37,600 Speaker 1: he's somebody who is disciplined and direct and holds us 259 00:13:37,640 --> 00:13:40,360 Speaker 1: to a high standard and he will challenge us to 260 00:13:40,440 --> 00:13:43,760 Speaker 1: make sure that we have nailed down the details of 261 00:13:43,800 --> 00:13:46,400 Speaker 1: everything we are presenting to him and if we haven't, 262 00:13:46,440 --> 00:13:49,760 Speaker 1: he'll tell us do better. But he does so in 263 00:13:49,800 --> 00:13:53,840 Speaker 1: a totally respectful, straightforward way, the same way that everybody 264 00:13:53,880 --> 00:13:56,000 Speaker 1: has seen him in public life. So when I work 265 00:13:56,040 --> 00:13:58,320 Speaker 1: in the White House under President Carter, there were frequent 266 00:13:58,360 --> 00:14:01,840 Speaker 1: disputes between the secretaries, Si Vance and the NASCUR advisor. 267 00:14:01,920 --> 00:14:04,120 Speaker 1: Is a big Braginsky, and it's a great tradition. It 268 00:14:04,160 --> 00:14:06,640 Speaker 1: seems in our government that the secretary of state the 269 00:14:06,679 --> 00:14:09,199 Speaker 1: NASCUR advisor are always sparring one where the other leaking 270 00:14:09,240 --> 00:14:11,680 Speaker 1: to the press. In this administration I haven't seen a 271 00:14:11,679 --> 00:14:14,920 Speaker 1: lot of leaks from your office or the secretary's Office 272 00:14:15,240 --> 00:14:18,160 Speaker 1: uh criticizing the other person's office. So how have you 273 00:14:18,200 --> 00:14:20,480 Speaker 1: avoided that problem? Well, a lot of it has to 274 00:14:20,520 --> 00:14:23,360 Speaker 1: do which is deep mutual respect and straight up friendship 275 00:14:24,000 --> 00:14:26,600 Speaker 1: between myself and the secretary state. Tony and I've known 276 00:14:26,640 --> 00:14:32,120 Speaker 1: each other for years. We're good friends. Are Families or friends? Um, 277 00:14:32,280 --> 00:14:34,800 Speaker 1: that doesn't mean that there aren't debates. We don't have 278 00:14:34,880 --> 00:14:38,880 Speaker 1: disputes because we have it an open operating style. I 279 00:14:38,920 --> 00:14:41,520 Speaker 1: think we both try to be nice people, but we 280 00:14:41,520 --> 00:14:44,720 Speaker 1: do have debates. We disagree on certain issues and the 281 00:14:44,760 --> 00:14:47,600 Speaker 1: thing that I take very seriously is my responsibility to 282 00:14:47,720 --> 00:14:53,080 Speaker 1: run a process that is open, humane, fair, transparent, H 283 00:14:53,080 --> 00:14:55,600 Speaker 1: and above board, and I try to do that so 284 00:14:55,640 --> 00:14:59,720 Speaker 1: that his perspective, the Secretary Defense is perspective, the Attorney 285 00:14:59,720 --> 00:15:02,960 Speaker 1: General Perspective, depending on the issue, are all teed up 286 00:15:03,000 --> 00:15:06,000 Speaker 1: to the president in a way in which they get 287 00:15:06,040 --> 00:15:09,240 Speaker 1: their say and then we work it out, and that has, 288 00:15:09,400 --> 00:15:11,560 Speaker 1: in my view, work quite effectively over the course of 289 00:15:11,600 --> 00:15:14,520 Speaker 1: the past nineteen months and I consider it one of 290 00:15:14,520 --> 00:15:20,360 Speaker 1: the central uh responsibilities of my position to ensure that 291 00:15:20,360 --> 00:15:22,680 Speaker 1: that process is fair and effective. What would you like 292 00:15:22,760 --> 00:15:26,040 Speaker 1: to see as your legacy, or what the ININTIATION's legacy 293 00:15:26,040 --> 00:15:28,480 Speaker 1: would be as a result of what you're doing? I 294 00:15:28,520 --> 00:15:32,160 Speaker 1: would say um to basic foundations to the legacy that 295 00:15:32,480 --> 00:15:35,040 Speaker 1: I would like to leave working, obviously on behalf of 296 00:15:35,040 --> 00:15:38,760 Speaker 1: the president. First is to leave our alliances with like 297 00:15:38,880 --> 00:15:41,920 Speaker 1: minded democracies at a high water mark in Europe, in 298 00:15:41,960 --> 00:15:44,840 Speaker 1: the end of Pacific and elsewhere around the world, because 299 00:15:44,840 --> 00:15:47,760 Speaker 1: those are the force multipliers for everything we do, whether 300 00:15:47,800 --> 00:15:50,240 Speaker 1: it's competition with China or trying to solve the challenge 301 00:15:50,240 --> 00:15:53,360 Speaker 1: of climate change. And the second is making sure that 302 00:15:53,440 --> 00:15:56,600 Speaker 1: our national security enterprise is investing in the sources of 303 00:15:56,600 --> 00:15:58,960 Speaker 1: American strength at home, and the chips act is a 304 00:15:59,000 --> 00:16:01,480 Speaker 1: great example of that. or a young person who might 305 00:16:01,600 --> 00:16:04,840 Speaker 1: like to have a career like yours, what would you recommend? 306 00:16:04,920 --> 00:16:07,280 Speaker 1: How can you prepare to be an abscured advisor or 307 00:16:07,280 --> 00:16:10,240 Speaker 1: to serve your government in some way? The biggest piece 308 00:16:10,280 --> 00:16:13,240 Speaker 1: of advice I try to give young people is um 309 00:16:13,280 --> 00:16:17,400 Speaker 1: to reject certitude. What I mean by that is that 310 00:16:17,800 --> 00:16:20,320 Speaker 1: no matter how good you think your argument is, or 311 00:16:20,360 --> 00:16:24,120 Speaker 1: your policy position or your proposed course of action, it 312 00:16:24,200 --> 00:16:27,120 Speaker 1: almost certainly has weaknesses or blind spots, and you should 313 00:16:27,120 --> 00:16:30,440 Speaker 1: acknowledge those. I think actually sometimes saying you know what, 314 00:16:30,560 --> 00:16:33,560 Speaker 1: I was wrong, you were right, is actually a more 315 00:16:33,560 --> 00:16:36,800 Speaker 1: powerful show of intellectual strength than just sticking firmly by 316 00:16:36,880 --> 00:16:39,800 Speaker 1: your position. Doesn't mean you should compromise your principles or 317 00:16:39,840 --> 00:16:45,240 Speaker 1: your values, but the easy decisions do not rise to 318 00:16:45,320 --> 00:16:47,560 Speaker 1: the White House. The hard decisions do, and those hard 319 00:16:47,600 --> 00:16:51,840 Speaker 1: decisions have two sides Um that are not a hundred zero. 320 00:16:52,320 --> 00:16:54,240 Speaker 1: You see a lot of people in Washington saying I 321 00:16:54,320 --> 00:16:57,800 Speaker 1: was wrong. No, I think that's I think that's a 322 00:16:57,840 --> 00:17:00,960 Speaker 1: problem and I think the people who do people are 323 00:17:01,000 --> 00:17:04,960 Speaker 1: willing to change their minds, update their assumptions, alter their 324 00:17:04,960 --> 00:17:08,399 Speaker 1: perspective based on new information or new developments in the world. 325 00:17:08,720 --> 00:17:10,720 Speaker 1: Those are the people that lead the best mark on 326 00:17:10,800 --> 00:17:12,960 Speaker 1: history and, even more importantly, those are the people who 327 00:17:12,960 --> 00:17:14,920 Speaker 1: are a pleasure to work with. Let's go around the 328 00:17:14,960 --> 00:17:18,280 Speaker 1: world for a couple of trouble spots. North Korea, Um, 329 00:17:18,320 --> 00:17:20,840 Speaker 1: and a progress so on getting them to give up 330 00:17:20,880 --> 00:17:24,920 Speaker 1: their nuclear testing or is that difficult to do? It's difficult, obviously. 331 00:17:24,960 --> 00:17:29,000 Speaker 1: Through multiple presidents, going back to the Clinton administration, the 332 00:17:29,000 --> 00:17:31,480 Speaker 1: North Koreans have continued to move forward with their nuclear 333 00:17:31,520 --> 00:17:34,359 Speaker 1: weapons program in the course of the past year they 334 00:17:34,359 --> 00:17:37,040 Speaker 1: have conducted a number of long range missile tests. We 335 00:17:37,160 --> 00:17:41,360 Speaker 1: have been warning about the possibility of a seventh nuclear 336 00:17:41,400 --> 00:17:44,800 Speaker 1: test testivate nuclear weapon, and we still think that that 337 00:17:44,920 --> 00:17:47,560 Speaker 1: is something that is likely to happen in the coming months. 338 00:17:47,880 --> 00:17:50,240 Speaker 1: We have also indicated to the North Koreans that we 339 00:17:50,280 --> 00:17:53,560 Speaker 1: are prepared to sit down in a serious way to 340 00:17:53,680 --> 00:17:58,480 Speaker 1: conduct diplomacy to, on a step by step basis, work 341 00:17:58,560 --> 00:18:01,720 Speaker 1: towards the nuclearization of Korean Peninsula. So far, the North 342 00:18:01,760 --> 00:18:04,720 Speaker 1: grants have evince no interest in that. China and Taiwan, 343 00:18:04,840 --> 00:18:06,720 Speaker 1: there's been a lot of rhetoric from the U S side, 344 00:18:06,760 --> 00:18:09,560 Speaker 1: a lot of rhetoric from the Chinese side, vision any 345 00:18:09,600 --> 00:18:12,600 Speaker 1: real problem occurring where the Chinese might actually invade Taiwan. 346 00:18:12,840 --> 00:18:16,520 Speaker 1: I think it remains a distinct threat that there could 347 00:18:16,560 --> 00:18:21,479 Speaker 1: be a military contingency around Taiwan and the People's Republic 348 00:18:21,560 --> 00:18:24,199 Speaker 1: of China has actually stated as official policy that it 349 00:18:24,359 --> 00:18:27,639 Speaker 1: is not taking the invasion of Taiwan off the table, 350 00:18:27,720 --> 00:18:30,960 Speaker 1: that that remains one of the potential options for the 351 00:18:31,000 --> 00:18:35,480 Speaker 1: reunification of Taiwan. Their position has been changing over time 352 00:18:35,600 --> 00:18:38,639 Speaker 1: in terms of their disturbance of the status quo across 353 00:18:38,640 --> 00:18:41,800 Speaker 1: the Taiwan Strait actions that they are taking with their 354 00:18:41,800 --> 00:18:45,600 Speaker 1: military to undermine peace and stability. The American position has 355 00:18:45,640 --> 00:18:51,040 Speaker 1: remained steadfast and consistent. One China Policy Taiwan Relations Act, 356 00:18:51,760 --> 00:18:54,640 Speaker 1: three joint communic caves that we agreed with China back 357 00:18:54,680 --> 00:18:58,560 Speaker 1: in the nineties, seventies and eighties that laid out that, 358 00:18:58,680 --> 00:19:02,040 Speaker 1: from our perspective, there should be no unilateral changes to 359 00:19:02,080 --> 00:19:04,560 Speaker 1: the status quo across the Taiwan straight we continue to 360 00:19:04,600 --> 00:19:07,760 Speaker 1: believe that and we will continue to push back against 361 00:19:07,800 --> 00:19:10,960 Speaker 1: any effort to change the status quo by force. Now 362 00:19:11,000 --> 00:19:14,080 Speaker 1: there is legislation now moving forward through Congress to kind 363 00:19:14,080 --> 00:19:17,680 Speaker 1: of toughen up the existing support the US has for Taiwan. 364 00:19:18,040 --> 00:19:20,959 Speaker 1: This administration adopted a position on that legislation yet. Well, 365 00:19:20,960 --> 00:19:24,280 Speaker 1: I'm actually gonna have the opportunity later today, literally later today, 366 00:19:24,320 --> 00:19:25,800 Speaker 1: to go up to the hill to talk to some 367 00:19:25,880 --> 00:19:28,879 Speaker 1: members about this legislation. I'd prefer to have the opportunity 368 00:19:28,920 --> 00:19:30,639 Speaker 1: to lay it out for them before I lay it 369 00:19:30,640 --> 00:19:33,239 Speaker 1: out on TV, but I will just say this. There 370 00:19:33,240 --> 00:19:35,800 Speaker 1: are elements of that legislation with respect to how we 371 00:19:35,840 --> 00:19:39,160 Speaker 1: can strengthen our security assistance for Taiwan that are quite 372 00:19:39,800 --> 00:19:43,959 Speaker 1: effective and robust that will improve Taiwan security. There are 373 00:19:44,000 --> 00:19:46,240 Speaker 1: other elements that give us some concern. Let's go back 374 00:19:46,240 --> 00:19:49,439 Speaker 1: to Ukraine for a moment. In hindsight, which was always 375 00:19:49,840 --> 00:19:53,120 Speaker 1: is there anything the administration could have done to prevent 376 00:19:53,160 --> 00:19:56,879 Speaker 1: Putin from invading or told the allies more forcefully that 377 00:19:56,920 --> 00:19:59,000 Speaker 1: the invasion was going to occur, to convince them, because 378 00:19:59,000 --> 00:20:00,399 Speaker 1: it seems as if they didn't really believe it was 379 00:20:00,400 --> 00:20:02,760 Speaker 1: going to happen? What would you have done, or would 380 00:20:02,760 --> 00:20:04,720 Speaker 1: you think you should have done in hindsight, if anything, 381 00:20:04,760 --> 00:20:06,840 Speaker 1: differently than you did? Given that we're still in the 382 00:20:06,880 --> 00:20:09,520 Speaker 1: middle of this unfolding crisis, it's hard to get the 383 00:20:09,600 --> 00:20:12,040 Speaker 1: kind of level of perspective to look back and say, Hey, 384 00:20:12,080 --> 00:20:14,800 Speaker 1: maybe we could have done this instead of that. There's 385 00:20:14,840 --> 00:20:17,200 Speaker 1: always something you could improve upon. I would never say 386 00:20:17,240 --> 00:20:21,080 Speaker 1: no, no no, no, we did everything absolutely perfectly, but six 387 00:20:21,119 --> 00:20:24,520 Speaker 1: months into this invasion I'm fairly well convinced that Putin 388 00:20:24,560 --> 00:20:26,080 Speaker 1: was going to do this no matter what, that he 389 00:20:26,160 --> 00:20:29,440 Speaker 1: considered this central to his legacy as president of Russia 390 00:20:29,840 --> 00:20:31,960 Speaker 1: and he was not going to be knocked off course. 391 00:20:32,320 --> 00:20:34,480 Speaker 1: The only thing that was going to stop him was 392 00:20:34,520 --> 00:20:37,920 Speaker 1: the physical might of the Ukrainian forces, holding back his 393 00:20:38,000 --> 00:20:41,760 Speaker 1: ability to take Kiev and take other major cities, backed 394 00:20:41,760 --> 00:20:44,800 Speaker 1: by the weapons that we provided them. That was the 395 00:20:44,840 --> 00:20:48,080 Speaker 1: strategy we executed. I think we executed it well and 396 00:20:48,119 --> 00:20:51,480 Speaker 1: I think Ukraine is in a position now today to 397 00:20:51,680 --> 00:20:56,040 Speaker 1: ensure that they will remain a strong, sovereign, viable independent state, 398 00:20:56,440 --> 00:20:59,120 Speaker 1: even as they continue to try to resist Russian aggression 399 00:20:59,160 --> 00:21:02,959 Speaker 1: on a portion of their territory. In terms of the Allies, Um, 400 00:21:03,000 --> 00:21:07,440 Speaker 1: you know, we took unprecedented measures, quite novel measures, to 401 00:21:07,840 --> 00:21:12,240 Speaker 1: declassify information, to make presentations both to our allies and 402 00:21:12,280 --> 00:21:14,520 Speaker 1: to the international community, and I think over time that 403 00:21:14,600 --> 00:21:19,119 Speaker 1: actually did build a sense of unity that continues to 404 00:21:19,160 --> 00:21:22,280 Speaker 1: this day. An Allied Unity, Trans Atlantic unity, has been 405 00:21:22,320 --> 00:21:24,880 Speaker 1: a huge thorn in the side for Vladimir Putinus. He's 406 00:21:24,880 --> 00:21:29,440 Speaker 1: tried to to break that and tried to to produce 407 00:21:29,520 --> 00:21:34,040 Speaker 1: a weaker, less cohesive NATO, when in fact what he's 408 00:21:34,040 --> 00:21:36,560 Speaker 1: gotten as the exact opposite. So what you're referring to, 409 00:21:36,640 --> 00:21:38,600 Speaker 1: I think, is that, to my surprise, when I was 410 00:21:38,600 --> 00:21:40,520 Speaker 1: reading the New York Times about this was going on, 411 00:21:41,359 --> 00:21:44,640 Speaker 1: information that seemed like it was white old UH information 412 00:21:44,800 --> 00:21:48,119 Speaker 1: was declassified and, in effect given to the press about 413 00:21:48,160 --> 00:21:51,280 Speaker 1: the troop movements of the Russians. Was that a complicated 414 00:21:51,320 --> 00:21:54,320 Speaker 1: decision to come to, controversial within the administration, to say 415 00:21:54,320 --> 00:21:57,240 Speaker 1: we're going to declassify and leak our best intelligence about 416 00:21:57,280 --> 00:22:01,120 Speaker 1: what the Russians are doing? It definitely took a whole 417 00:22:01,160 --> 00:22:03,679 Speaker 1: process of us thinking about all of the risks and 418 00:22:03,720 --> 00:22:07,520 Speaker 1: benefits of doing that, especially since it was uncharted territory, 419 00:22:07,640 --> 00:22:12,760 Speaker 1: and that involved me sitting with our intelligence professionals, are diplomats, 420 00:22:12,800 --> 00:22:16,800 Speaker 1: and ultimately with the president to bless a strategy that 421 00:22:16,840 --> 00:22:21,280 Speaker 1: would involve the systematic declassification of information so that no 422 00:22:21,320 --> 00:22:25,280 Speaker 1: one would be surprised and so that Russia could not 423 00:22:26,000 --> 00:22:29,040 Speaker 1: try to generate pretexts for what it was doing. And 424 00:22:29,080 --> 00:22:32,919 Speaker 1: I think it turned out to be an effective method 425 00:22:33,200 --> 00:22:35,800 Speaker 1: of putting Russia on the back foot, putting the Western 426 00:22:35,880 --> 00:22:38,480 Speaker 1: alliance on the front foot and giving us the opportunity 427 00:22:38,520 --> 00:22:41,439 Speaker 1: to build a coalition that is currently supporting Ukraine. So 428 00:22:41,520 --> 00:22:45,280 Speaker 1: as I said earlier, hindsight's always in hindsight. Would you 429 00:22:45,320 --> 00:22:49,600 Speaker 1: have um actual Afghanistan differently than the way you did it? Well, 430 00:22:50,080 --> 00:22:52,800 Speaker 1: at the end of the day, um, anytime you have 431 00:22:52,920 --> 00:22:55,879 Speaker 1: a circumstance where you're ending a twenty year war, with 432 00:22:56,000 --> 00:22:59,000 Speaker 1: twenty years of decisions and mistakes that have piled up 433 00:22:59,240 --> 00:23:03,040 Speaker 1: through multiple administrations, the exit would not be easy. There 434 00:23:03,119 --> 00:23:06,119 Speaker 1: was no clean, easy exit and I think the strategic 435 00:23:06,200 --> 00:23:09,560 Speaker 1: decision to go to end that war after twenty years 436 00:23:09,840 --> 00:23:12,639 Speaker 1: was absolutely the correct decision. Where there are things that 437 00:23:12,680 --> 00:23:15,080 Speaker 1: we could have done differently, I think the answer to 438 00:23:15,119 --> 00:23:18,600 Speaker 1: that is always yes, and there will be time, as 439 00:23:18,640 --> 00:23:21,160 Speaker 1: I end up looking back and reflecting on that period, 440 00:23:21,560 --> 00:23:23,879 Speaker 1: to pinpoint what some of those might have been. But 441 00:23:23,960 --> 00:23:28,640 Speaker 1: from my perspective, the underlying decision to end the war 442 00:23:28,680 --> 00:23:31,080 Speaker 1: in Afghanistan, which the president took, I think, in a 443 00:23:31,160 --> 00:23:34,400 Speaker 1: quite courageous way, was the correct decision and one year later, 444 00:23:34,600 --> 00:23:38,560 Speaker 1: to me, Um, it is the time that has passed 445 00:23:38,640 --> 00:23:41,120 Speaker 1: is only reinforced the correctness of that. To many people 446 00:23:41,280 --> 00:23:44,879 Speaker 1: held your job have a burnout after a few years. Um, 447 00:23:44,960 --> 00:23:46,640 Speaker 1: you look like you're in good shape and you're young. 448 00:23:46,720 --> 00:23:49,400 Speaker 1: You're the second youngest person ever have this job. so 449 00:23:49,760 --> 00:23:52,480 Speaker 1: you anticipate doing this for an entire four year period 450 00:23:52,520 --> 00:23:54,960 Speaker 1: of this first term? If there was another term, let's 451 00:23:54,960 --> 00:23:56,760 Speaker 1: say this four year period of time. Well, I serve 452 00:23:56,800 --> 00:24:00,800 Speaker 1: at the pleasure of the president, but I feel passionate 453 00:24:00,840 --> 00:24:03,439 Speaker 1: about the work that I'm doing. I feel blessed to 454 00:24:03,440 --> 00:24:05,040 Speaker 1: be part of this team. I feel blessed to be 455 00:24:05,040 --> 00:24:07,080 Speaker 1: able to serve President Biden and I'd like to keep 456 00:24:07,119 --> 00:24:10,800 Speaker 1: doing it. Thanks for listening. To hear more of my interviews, 457 00:24:10,840 --> 00:24:14,760 Speaker 1: you can subscribe and download my podcast on spotify, apple 458 00:24:15,040 --> 00:24:15,920 Speaker 1: or wherever you listen.