WEBVTT - The Dire Situation at U.S. Prisons

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<v Speaker 1>Welcome to Prognosis. I'm Laura Carlson. It's day seventy one

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<v Speaker 1>since coronavirus was declared a global pandemic. Our main story.

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<v Speaker 1>US prisons have been among the places hardest hit by

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<v Speaker 1>COVID nineteen. It's hard to implement strict social distancing when

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<v Speaker 1>you're forced into small, shared living quarters. Advocates for prisoners

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<v Speaker 1>say prison administrators aren't doing enough to protect prison inmates

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<v Speaker 1>and staff, and calls to release large numbers of non

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<v Speaker 1>violent offenders are mounting. But first, here's what happened today.

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<v Speaker 1>More than seventy six million Americans put off getting medical

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<v Speaker 1>care they needed in the past month, according to new

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<v Speaker 1>US Census data. During the pandemic, the Census estimates that

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<v Speaker 1>more than one third of the adult population delayed care.

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<v Speaker 1>The virus is indirectly affecting our health in other ways too.

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<v Speaker 1>The new survey also found high rates of mental health problems,

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<v Speaker 1>including reported symptoms of anxiety, in more than of the population.

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<v Speaker 1>Health experts and medical providers are increasingly concerned about the

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<v Speaker 1>long term consequences of the shutdowns. The US is pledging

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<v Speaker 1>as much as one point to billion dollars to astra

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<v Speaker 1>Zenica to help make the University of Oxford's COVID vaccine.

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<v Speaker 1>President Donald Trump, who has been widely criticized for his

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<v Speaker 1>response to the pandemic, is pushing the country towards the

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<v Speaker 1>front of the line for immunizations. The US has also

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<v Speaker 1>backed projects at Johnson and Johnson, Moderna and Francis Sunofi,

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<v Speaker 1>fueling concerns that other countries could fall behind. Finally, yet

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<v Speaker 1>another grim milestone, coronavirus cases globally have reached five million.

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<v Speaker 1>Over the past month. The number of infections worldwide has doubled.

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<v Speaker 1>The US accounts for almost a third of the cases,

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<v Speaker 1>five times the number seen by Russia, the number two

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<v Speaker 1>country on the list. Experts believe the actual count is

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<v Speaker 1>higher than the official numbers. As COVID nineteen has proven

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<v Speaker 1>difficult to detect and track and now our main story.

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<v Speaker 1>Calls continue to mount for the release of inmates at

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<v Speaker 1>risk of COVID nineteen infection as cases rise at correctional

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<v Speaker 1>facilities across the country. So far, seventent of inmates have

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<v Speaker 1>tested positive for the coronavirus. According to the Bureau of Prisons,

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<v Speaker 1>Oakdale Federal Correctional Complex, a low security prison about two

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<v Speaker 1>hundred miles west of New Orleans is one of the

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<v Speaker 1>federal prisons hardest hit by the coronavirus pandemic. Jordan Gospel

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<v Speaker 1>has more on what is being done to combat this

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<v Speaker 1>brother of the disease in the prison population. On March

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<v Speaker 1>n year old Anthony Cheek became the first known federal

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<v Speaker 1>inmate in the United States to die from COVID nineteen.

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<v Speaker 1>He was eighteen years into a twenty year sentence for

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<v Speaker 1>aggravated child molestation at least state prison in Georgia. Since

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<v Speaker 1>Anthony's death, fifty six federal inmates at around one and

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<v Speaker 1>thirty five correctional facilities across the country have died after

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<v Speaker 1>contracting the coronavirus, and thousands more have become infected. The

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<v Speaker 1>rapid spread of the coronavirus in US correctional facilities has

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<v Speaker 1>exposed the risks of overcrowding, lack of access to hygiene,

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<v Speaker 1>and poor healthcare. The number of coronavirus in facts and

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<v Speaker 1>the country's prisons and jails is rising at a rate

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<v Speaker 1>far surpassing the US population at large. In April, Attorney

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<v Speaker 1>General William Barr directed federal prison officials to speed the

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<v Speaker 1>release of inmates at risk of contracting COVID nineteen. This

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<v Speaker 1>directive under the CARES Act was aimed at addressing coronavirus

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<v Speaker 1>outbreaks in correctional facilities across the country. Bar directed the

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<v Speaker 1>Bureau of Prisons dispete up transfers to home confinement for

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<v Speaker 1>eligible inmates at three federal institutions hit hardest by the disease,

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<v Speaker 1>Danbury in Connecticut, Elkton in Ohio, and Oakdale in Louisiana.

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<v Speaker 1>To qualify, inmates must have completed at least half of

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<v Speaker 1>their sentence to be eligible for home confinement. This doesn't

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<v Speaker 1>mean an inmates sentence is nullified or their convictions are expunged.

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<v Speaker 1>Home confinement is merely the transfer of an inmate from

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<v Speaker 1>inside a correctional facility to their house or that of

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<v Speaker 1>a family member. Advocates argue that Bar's order doesn't go

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<v Speaker 1>far enough. On April six, the a c l U

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<v Speaker 1>filed a lawsuit in the hopes that at least inmates

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<v Speaker 1>from the Federal Correctional complex in Oakdale, Louisiana, who are

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<v Speaker 1>at a higher risk of contracting the coronavirus will be

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<v Speaker 1>allowed to complete their sentence at home. Oakdale has seen

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<v Speaker 1>one of the worst COVID nineteen outbreaks of any correctional

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<v Speaker 1>facility in the country. Judge Terry Dowdy of the U. S.

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<v Speaker 1>District Court for the Western District of Louisiana dismissed the case,

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<v Speaker 1>saying he did not have the authority to mandate releases

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<v Speaker 1>or home confinement. Despite the judge's ruling, the a c

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<v Speaker 1>l U is still encouraging the Bureau of Prisons to

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<v Speaker 1>move forward with releases from Oakdale. Amid the pandemic. There's

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<v Speaker 1>a nationwide movement to release large numbers of prisoners. Samuil Trivetti,

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<v Speaker 1>a senior staff attorney with the a c l YOU,

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<v Speaker 1>says critical reforms were needed before the spread of the coronavirus,

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<v Speaker 1>but are now more urgent than ever. As of more

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<v Speaker 1>than two million people were incarcerated in the US, the

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<v Speaker 1>most out of any country in the world. The a

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<v Speaker 1>c l U is one of numerous organizations putting pressure

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<v Speaker 1>on prosecutors and law enforcement to reduce jail and prison

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<v Speaker 1>populations by not arresting people for low level offenses. They

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<v Speaker 1>estimate that these efforts would save fifty nine thousand lives.

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<v Speaker 1>At Oakdale, no inmates have been placed in home confinement

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<v Speaker 1>in response to Bars memo, some inmates who were already

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<v Speaker 1>scheduled to go home before the pandemic are still waiting

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<v Speaker 1>to be transferred. So far, eight inmates at Oakdale have

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<v Speaker 1>died from the coronavirus. A Bureau of Prison spokesperson says

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<v Speaker 1>that since the release of Bars memo on March, it

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<v Speaker 1>is placed an additional one thousand, five hundred and seventy

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<v Speaker 1>six inmates from across the country on home confinement to date.

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<v Speaker 1>I spoke with Samil Trivetti, who says inmates and their

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<v Speaker 1>loved ones have been receiving conflicting reports from BAR and

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<v Speaker 1>the Bureau of Prisons, which is responsible for one hundred

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<v Speaker 1>and forty six thousand inmates spread across one hundred and

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<v Speaker 1>twenty two facilities nationwide. Of your own prisons and up

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<v Speaker 1>to the Interney General, have been releasing sort of changing

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<v Speaker 1>sets of criteria UM, but unfortunately, most of those criteria

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<v Speaker 1>are based on essentially fearmongering that, UM, they're gonna look

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<v Speaker 1>at your your past history, they're gonna look at your

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<v Speaker 1>They're gonna look at these UM risk assessment algorithms to

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<v Speaker 1>decide whether you might be potentially dangerous when you're out

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<v Speaker 1>in the world. Um, what happens in the jay or

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<v Speaker 1>prison cannot stay in a jail or prison, right, Um,

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<v Speaker 1>you have prisoners coming in and out, you have guards

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<v Speaker 1>coming in and out. It's impossible to hermetically feel a

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<v Speaker 1>jail and just hope that if folks inside get COVID,

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<v Speaker 1>it won't get out to the larger community. Initially, inmates

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<v Speaker 1>who are more at risk of contracting the coronavirus, like

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<v Speaker 1>those who are older or have underlying medical conditions, were

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<v Speaker 1>put on a list and moved into solitary confinement known

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<v Speaker 1>in prisons as the shoe, in advance of the release home.

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<v Speaker 1>It didn't matter how much of their prison term they

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<v Speaker 1>had served. The a c l U wants to increase

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<v Speaker 1>the use of home confinement in an effort to reduce

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<v Speaker 1>the inmate population and help prevent the spread of COVID nineteen.

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<v Speaker 1>Samil says bars order doesn't establish concrete timelines and guidelines

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<v Speaker 1>for facilities to release at risk inmates. Another problem with

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<v Speaker 1>the order is that it uses criteria from before the pandemic,

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<v Speaker 1>like prioritizing inmates in low and minimum security facilities to

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<v Speaker 1>decide whether or not they can serve the remainder of

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<v Speaker 1>their sentence at home. By using this criteria, Samill says,

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<v Speaker 1>the Bureau of Prisons is only going to review about

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<v Speaker 1>eighty to one d inmates. I mean public ELSA experts

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<v Speaker 1>roundly agree that we need to significantly significantly reduce the

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<v Speaker 1>population inside so that the folks remaining can socially distanced.

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<v Speaker 1>Right So, in a prison of people releasing at most

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<v Speaker 1>one and we're not even sure whether they're going to

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<v Speaker 1>release all of those people, but even if they're released

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<v Speaker 1>everybody they were reviewing, that would do nothing to increase

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<v Speaker 1>social distancing or allow for the kind of hygienic protocols

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<v Speaker 1>that we know are necessary and that we're all following

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<v Speaker 1>out here. The Bureau of Prisons, which declined an interview request,

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<v Speaker 1>says it began preparing for the coronavirus outbreak in January.

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<v Speaker 1>But those who have been at Oakdale tell another story.

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<v Speaker 1>Brandon Leads was an inmate at Oakdale serving a fifteen

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<v Speaker 1>month sentence for bank larceny, a first time non violent offense.

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<v Speaker 1>He scheduled to complete his sentence on September twenty nine.

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<v Speaker 1>He's one of the inmates who sued the prison with

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<v Speaker 1>the A C. L U in hopes of being able

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<v Speaker 1>to serve the remainder of his sentence at home. Although

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<v Speaker 1>the lawsuit was unsuccessful, Brandon was granted a furlough and

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<v Speaker 1>transferred to home confinement on May eleven. He's now living

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<v Speaker 1>with his girlfriend, our Shaun Thompson, in New Orleans. They'll

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<v Speaker 1>be together until he's moved into a halfway house on

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<v Speaker 1>July six. Brandon is one of the lucky ones. Only

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<v Speaker 1>a few inmates at Oakdale have been improved for early release.

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<v Speaker 1>Last month, the Louisiana Department of Corrections created a COVID

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<v Speaker 1>nineteen furlow Review Panel to speed up the temporary release

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<v Speaker 1>of inmates at risk of contracting the disease and other's

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<v Speaker 1>convicted of non violent offenses. The COVID nineteen furlow Review

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<v Speaker 1>Panel will review cases on a rolling case by case

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<v Speaker 1>basis until the state's governor determines the coronavirus is no

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<v Speaker 1>longer a public health emergency. Still, it's hard to know

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<v Speaker 1>the reasons some inmates are furloughed and others are not.

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<v Speaker 1>There's no public data on this, so Brandon can only

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<v Speaker 1>assume he was released from Oakdale because he was imprisoned

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<v Speaker 1>on a non violent offense and suffers from diabetes and

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<v Speaker 1>acute pancreatitis, making him predisposed to respiratory illnesses. It's difficult

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<v Speaker 1>to get accurate information on what's going on inside the

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<v Speaker 1>prison system as it is let alone during a pandemic,

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<v Speaker 1>but an email's Brandon sent while he was still incarcerated,

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<v Speaker 1>he described a crisis that seems to be getting worse

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<v Speaker 1>by the day. Brandon says although Oakdale inmates have access

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<v Speaker 1>to soap and water, there are no other supplies to

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<v Speaker 1>sanitize their dorms. Alcohol based and sanitizer is illegal and

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<v Speaker 1>most correctional facilities, including Oakdale, because according to the Bureau

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<v Speaker 1>of Prisons, it is flammable and a safety hazard. But

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<v Speaker 1>during the pandemic, the CDC recommended that correctional facilities relax

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<v Speaker 1>restrictions on hand sanitizer. Louisiana is among the seventeen states

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<v Speaker 1>that are maintaining their bands on alcohol based hand sanitizer.

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<v Speaker 1>Scott Taylor with the Bureau of Prisons says Oakdale is

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<v Speaker 1>selling non alcohol hand sanitizer in the commissary. This goes

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<v Speaker 1>against the CDC's recommendation of using sanitizer with at least

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<v Speaker 1>six alcohol by volume. Though the Bureau of Prisons has

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<v Speaker 1>set inmates at all of their facilities, including Oakdale, are

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<v Speaker 1>now being quarantined and kept apart our. Joan Brandon's girlfriend

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<v Speaker 1>says that's not what Brandon described when he was in prison,

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<v Speaker 1>or what he says his fellow inmates are experiencing. Now.

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<v Speaker 1>They're super close together, and I mean they've now had

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<v Speaker 1>to which they've done everywhere. They've closed the weight room,

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<v Speaker 1>they closed the rooms where there are places for them

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<v Speaker 1>to go and be a little bit further apart from

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<v Speaker 1>each other. And they posted signs saying stay six ft apart,

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<v Speaker 1>but they can't stay six ft apart of their beds

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<v Speaker 1>aren't even six ft apart. So I just don't see

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<v Speaker 1>how any of the protocol that they can put in

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<v Speaker 1>place would be effective in any way. Scott Taylor, a

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<v Speaker 1>Bureau of Prison spokesperson, wrote in an email saying that

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<v Speaker 1>in response to the coronavirus, inmates at all correctional facilities

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<v Speaker 1>are limited in their movements within the buildings and only

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<v Speaker 1>small numbers can gather in communal spaces at a time.

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<v Speaker 1>Taylor added that those showing signs of the virus are

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<v Speaker 1>not placed on any work details or work assignments. Samil

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<v Speaker 1>Travetti says that hasn't been enough, at least not at Oakdale.

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<v Speaker 1>We have declarations from some of the men inside thing

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<v Speaker 1>they hear people coughing all night. It is impossible to

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<v Speaker 1>sally socially distanced inside of prison, and that's why now

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<v Speaker 1>the only thing that will work is transferred to home confinement,

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<v Speaker 1>um and reducing the population. Staff at Oakdale and other

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<v Speaker 1>facilities reported they initially were only given gloves after the

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<v Speaker 1>rise in COVID nineteen cases. The Bureau of Prisons also

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<v Speaker 1>sent face masks to inmates and staff, and gowns for

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<v Speaker 1>employees to wear. Coming to work now also involves a

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<v Speaker 1>health assessment and temperature reading by medical staff. There are

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<v Speaker 1>reports from inmates, the a c l U, and the

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<v Speaker 1>American Federation of Government Employees, which represents Federal Correctional officers

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<v Speaker 1>of prison and jail staff, quitting due to fears of

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<v Speaker 1>COVID nineteen infection. Samil says. Oakdale expanded testing for the

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<v Speaker 1>coronavirus last week, revealing dozens of new cases. According to

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<v Speaker 1>some of the facilities and mates, Even if the Bureau

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<v Speaker 1>of Prisons increases the number of staff and tries to

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<v Speaker 1>isolate inmates on site. Some advocates believe it's too little,

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<v Speaker 1>too late. That was Jordan gas Poore and that's our

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<v Speaker 1>show today. For coverage of the outbreak from one and

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<v Speaker 1>twenty bureaus around the world, visit bloomberg dot com slash

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<v Speaker 1>Coronavirus and if you like the show, please leave us

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<v Speaker 1>a review and a rating on Apple Podcasts or Spotify.

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<v Speaker 1>It's the best way to help more listeners find our

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<v Speaker 1>global reporting. The Prognosis Daily edition is produced by Toph

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<v Speaker 1>for foreheads Jordan gas Poore, Magnus Hendrickson, and me Laura Carlson.

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<v Speaker 1>Today's main story was reported by Jordan gas Poure. Original

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<v Speaker 1>music by Leo Sidrin. Our editors are Francesco Levi and

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<v Speaker 1>Rick Shawn. Francesco Levi is Bloomberg's head of podcasts. Thanks

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<v Speaker 1>for listening, h