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Speaker 1: Cool Zone Media.

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Speaker 2: Hello, and welcome to Cool People. Did Cool Stuff your

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Speaker 2: weekly reminder that people can do cool stuff when they're

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Speaker 2: cool people. I'm Margaret Kiljoy. I'm your host sort of.

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Speaker 2: Usually this time it's a reverse episode that I like

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Speaker 2: to call Ren explains things to me, eh eh, instead

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Speaker 2: of the book men explain things to me.

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Speaker 3: I mean, yeah, I'll take it. Yeah, I mean I

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Speaker 3: do like explaining things on occasion when I know about them.

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Speaker 2: Excellent. That's Reren ren or I who is the author

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Speaker 2: of Nourishing Resistance, which is a book available from PM Press,

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Speaker 2: And basically, Ren is the person that whenever I have

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Speaker 2: like food history related questions, is a very strange life

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Speaker 2: that I lead that this comes up regularly, that I

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Speaker 2: have food history related questions and I ask Gren. So

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Speaker 2: Ren has agreed to do a whole reverse episode for us.

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Speaker 3: Hi Ren, Yes, And I should just mention I'm the

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Speaker 3: editor of Nourishing Resistance, not the author. Okay, just because

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Speaker 3: there's so many different contributors, I want to make sure

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Speaker 3: to highlight that. But yes, thank you.

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Speaker 2: Yeah cool? So wait, I want to I have to

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Speaker 2: introduce everyone else first too, Yeah yeah cool? Okay, because

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Speaker 2: Sophie Sophie Lichterman, Hey is our uh producer? I forgot

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Speaker 2: your title for a moment, I don't have a title.

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Speaker 2: God King and our audio engineers Ian, everyone say Hi, Ian, Hi,

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Speaker 2: Ian Hienne, Hi, everybody, We're here in a surprise twist.

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Speaker 2: I really love this. Yeah, but bye bye bye. I

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Speaker 2: have a good recording.

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Speaker 3: I'm honored to be here on the day that that

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Speaker 3: Ian makes a.

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Speaker 2: And our theme music was written for us by an

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Speaker 2: woman and now Wren, I have no idea what this episode.

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Speaker 2: I have a vague idea because you you tell me

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Speaker 2: things that I'm not allowed to research, because I tell

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Speaker 2: other people when they come on what they're not allowed

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Speaker 2: to research, but I try not to give it away. Totally. Yeah,

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Speaker 2: I don't quite know what's going to happen.

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Speaker 3: Great love that so I was wondering Margaret and Sophie.

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Speaker 3: First off, a question when you think of revolutionary movements

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Speaker 3: and countercultures in like the nineteen sixties and seventies, what

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Speaker 3: comes to mind?

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Speaker 2: Hippies?

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Speaker 3: Yeah, hippies, Yeah, great answer.

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Speaker 2: Free love, black panthers.

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Speaker 3: Yes, yeah, you're like naming a lot of things that

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Speaker 3: are going to be in this episode. Community community, yeah, totally.

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Speaker 3: So I'm glad I asked you all this question. Great start,

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Speaker 3: But when you think of these things, do you think

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Speaker 3: of food?

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Speaker 4: I mean, I'm always thinking about food, but that's just me.

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Speaker 4: But to this specific question, I don't think the first

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Speaker 4: thing I thought of was food totally.

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Speaker 3: But when you do think about food, like food of

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Speaker 3: the sixties and seventies, what comes to mind?

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Speaker 2: Okay, Well, I I briefly covered because of a thing

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Speaker 2: you sent me on an episode. I briefly covered whole

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Speaker 2: wheat bread as relates to this, And I also think

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Speaker 2: of soup and those are it? And then like pretending

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Speaker 2: that drugs are food.

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Speaker 4: Hmmmm, totally, yeah, I think I think fondu.

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Speaker 3: You know what fondu is not everything else is in

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Speaker 3: this episode, which I think actually probably has more to

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Speaker 3: do with the fact that Margaret and I talk about

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Speaker 3: history too much, so that like, even though you don't

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Speaker 3: know what this is about, you've kind of gotten a

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Speaker 3: little bit of a head start. But everything that you

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Speaker 3: said is going to make an appearance except for fondue.

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Speaker 3: So I'm gonna have to like really go back to

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Speaker 3: the drying board on.

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Speaker 2: That well, reconvenience.

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Speaker 3: I also don't know if I've ever had fondue, So

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Speaker 3: maybe I need to go like try it or something. Anyway,

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Speaker 3: this episode is going to be about what I would

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Speaker 3: like loosely call counter cuisine. Counter cuisine is what Warren Blasco,

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Speaker 3: who wrote a book on the subject called Appetite for Change,

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Speaker 3: calls the food of the hippie movement and counterculture of

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Speaker 3: the nineteen sixties and seventies. And we're going to focus

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Speaker 3: on food and the leftist and anarchistrans of the broader counterculture.

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Speaker 3: But it's still kind of going to be about hippies,

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Speaker 3: and it's a the two parter actually has a different

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Speaker 3: focus on each each side of the part. But we're

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Speaker 3: going to start by talking about the Diggers. Oh so,

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Speaker 3: I'm your response, Sophie made me think you had no.

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Speaker 1: No, I just got excited.

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Speaker 2: I want to make over the topic.

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Speaker 3: I yeah, So I want to start with the San

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Speaker 3: Francisco the English. I'm pretty sure they no, I do. Yeah.

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Speaker 3: I did mention that you have done an episode on

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Speaker 3: the English Jiggers before and that people can go back

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Speaker 3: and listen to it. And then it's with John dar

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Speaker 3: Now from the Mountain Goats. But no, we're going to

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Speaker 3: talk about the San Francisco Diggers and the San Francisco Diggers,

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Speaker 3: they actually were inspired by the original Diggers, And just

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Speaker 3: in case listeners haven't heard that episode, the original Diggers

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Speaker 3: were seventeenth century English communalists. They occupied a hill outside

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Speaker 3: London and planted it with beans, carrots, and other veggies,

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Speaker 3: and they wrote these really radical pamphlets about how quote

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Speaker 3: unquote the earth should be a common treasury for all.

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Speaker 3: And the San Francisco Diggers named themselves after these original Diggers,

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Speaker 3: and they drew a lot of influence from them. I

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Speaker 3: should say that you could do like an entire episode

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Speaker 3: on the San Francisco Diggers. They did so much in

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Speaker 3: the three short years they existed. But as a food

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Speaker 3: history nerd, I mostly interested in their outsized impact on

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Speaker 3: food based mutual aid. So this segment is going to

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Speaker 3: focus on that. But I do want to start with

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Speaker 3: a little bit of background so we know, like who

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Speaker 3: the Diggers are and how they showed up on this scene.

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Speaker 3: So the Diggers were first and foremost a theater and

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Speaker 3: they were formed by members of the San Francisco Meme Troop,

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Speaker 3: which apparently is spelled like mime but pronounced like meme

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Speaker 3: and I don't.

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Speaker 2: Know, well, like mimetic right, No, I don't know how

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Speaker 2: use no eight memetic is spelled like meme, the internet thing.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, I have no idea, but I've heard it pronounces

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Speaker 3: the San Francisco Meme Troop, which is interesting to me. Okay,

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Speaker 3: but they were but they were like mimean they Yeah,

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Speaker 3: they did other street theater as well.

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Speaker 2: Okay, they weren't just like putting like captions under photos

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Speaker 2: and then posting them up around places.

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Speaker 3: I mean no, but they kind of were doing like

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Speaker 3: the nineteen sixties version of those sick Okay, cool, you know,

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Speaker 3: and the Diggers will too, Like they're all about like

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Speaker 3: thinking about how the message gets across. I admittedly don't

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Speaker 3: know as much about the Meme Troop as I do

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Speaker 3: about the Diggers, but from what I can tell, they

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Speaker 3: that is a through line in both of these projects. Okay,

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Speaker 3: So they were formed by members of the Meme Troop

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Speaker 3: in fall nineteen sixty six. The Troops started nineteen fifty nine.

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Speaker 3: It performed free political satire and it still exists actually

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Speaker 3: and continues to perform around California. Peter Coyote, one of

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Speaker 3: the founders of the Diggers, credits the troupe with introducing

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Speaker 3: him to a way of looking at the world and

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Speaker 3: analyzing it according to inherently Marxist principles. And he said

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Speaker 3: that this education was it wasn't necessarily doctor naire but

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Speaker 3: analysis class capital. Who owned what, who did what, who

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Speaker 3: worked for what? Okay? So, in the summer of nineteen

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Speaker 3: sixty six, members of the Meme Troop established an organization

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Speaker 3: working with others called the Artists Liberation Front. The ALF,

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Speaker 3: not to be confused with the ALF, opposed the established

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Speaker 3: art worlds and big art foundations, and they were planning

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Speaker 3: a street art fair and some future Diggers were involved

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Speaker 3: in these planning efforts, and while called the Digger contingent,

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Speaker 3: got really upset when other members of the ALF wanted

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Speaker 3: to let vendors sell things like food at these fairs.

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Speaker 2: Oh yeah, everything's free.

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Speaker 3: Yeah. They were like everything should be free. Yeah. They

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Speaker 3: believed in a gift economy where everything should be given

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Speaker 3: away for free. And that was like the line in

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Speaker 3: the sand that they drew. So they split off. And

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Speaker 3: one of the first things they did, is Diggers, was

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Speaker 3: to circulate these mimeograph broadsides. And no one is entirely

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Speaker 3: sure what the first broadside was, but the Digger Archives

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Speaker 3: website argues that it was one called time to Forget,

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Speaker 3: and Time to Forget, Like many of their broadsides, is

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Speaker 3: pretty snarky and sarcastic. It starts with a list of

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Speaker 3: things that the reader should quote unquote forget, such as

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Speaker 3: forget the war and Vietnam flowers are lovely, and forget

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Speaker 3: police brutality. The cops are your friends. All sarcastic, of course.

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Speaker 3: Then in all caps it reads You're free to forget,

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Speaker 3: so forget follow the calm business tactics of the Psychedelic Shop,

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Speaker 3: the I Am Thou and all other marketeers of expanded

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Speaker 3: consciousness and dig yourself tech reality only for sex, only

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Speaker 3: to eat, and only to join the Artists Liberation Front

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Speaker 3: for your own.

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Speaker 2: Okay, so it was all basically like fuck sellout hippies

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Speaker 2: is where it comes from.

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Speaker 3: Yes, yeah, yeah, So it starts with that as sort

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Speaker 3: of the root. Yeah, and I should mention here that

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Speaker 3: some of the Digger broadsides use what we might cultated language.

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Speaker 3: I'm not going to share any of it in this episode,

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Speaker 3: but it feels important to acknowledge, and it's also like

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Speaker 3: a broader thing you see within contraculture movements of the

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Speaker 3: sixties and seventies, where largely though not exclusively white, groups

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Speaker 3: like the Diggers would reclaim words in the service of

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Speaker 3: what they saw solidarity, but they weren't really like their

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Speaker 3: words to reclaim right. And there was plenty of misogyny

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Speaker 3: within these movements too. This is kind of my disclaimer section.

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Speaker 3: We'll talk more about misogyny later. It's something that'll come

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Speaker 3: up more in Part two when we're talking about food

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Speaker 3: co ops. Just a few things to be aware of.

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Speaker 3: And while this doesn't come up directly, there's also just

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Speaker 3: in general, a lot of cultural appropriation happening in the counterculture,

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Speaker 3: especially appropriation of religious practices from South and East Asia,

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Speaker 3: So that feels important to acknowledge too.

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Speaker 2: Well. Like the guy's name that you started with was

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Speaker 2: like something coyote, and was he a white guy or

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Speaker 2: was he indigenous?

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Speaker 3: Like he was not? No, And yeah, and you see

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Speaker 3: that a lot of the people who started the Diggers

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Speaker 3: actually were like working class kids from New York City.

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Speaker 3: And I don't go into that too much because one

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Speaker 3: thing I really wanted to do is sort of destabilize

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Speaker 3: this idea of like figureheads around the Diggers because that

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Speaker 3: happens a lot, and it's just like the small handful

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Speaker 3: of men. So I mention a few of them, but

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Speaker 3: I don't talk about them. But that is where a

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Speaker 3: lot of them, yeah from ok so, yeah, and I

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Speaker 3: believe that was true of Peter Coyote as well, but

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Speaker 3: I would fact check me on that. So. So, around

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Speaker 3: the same time the Diggers started distributing these broadsides, a

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Speaker 3: police officer murdered Matthew Johnson, a black teenager in the

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Speaker 3: San Francisco neighborhood of Hunter's Point. This led to what's

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Speaker 3: now called the Hunter's Point Uprising, which included six days

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Speaker 3: of revolts, and Hunter's Point is often just decribed as

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Speaker 3: a forgotten uprising, but it did inspire two young radicals

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Speaker 3: to form what would become a very well known organization.

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Speaker 3: Any idea what that might be?

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Speaker 2: This is the Black Panthers. Yep, yeah, the community college kids, right, totally.

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Speaker 3: Yeah. So Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seal formed the

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Speaker 3: Black Panthers in October nineteen sixty six, partly in response

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Speaker 3: to the Hunter's Point Uprising pretty much immediately after it,

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Speaker 3: and the Panthers will come up again in this episode.

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Speaker 3: It's basically impossible to talk about nineteen sixties radical politics,

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Speaker 3: especially in the Bay Area, without mentioning them. But I

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Speaker 3: also know that you've done a whole episode on them before,

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Speaker 3: so listeners can go find that as well. And during

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Speaker 3: the Hunter's Point uprising, the Diggers performed puppet shows on

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Speaker 3: the street making fun of the National Guard, and they

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Speaker 3: also gave way free food.

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Speaker 2: And they're making fun of the National Guard. I can't

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Speaker 2: remember if this is before or after the Kent stayed upright,

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Speaker 2: it must be before Kent still, yeah, but it's like, yeah,

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Speaker 2: they're making fun of armed people who are going to

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Speaker 2: shoot some people and their move in pretty soon, so

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Speaker 2: it's like, not a it's not nothing when you talk

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Speaker 2: about making fun of like the National Guard in the street.

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Speaker 3: No, yeah, And I don't know more about this because

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Speaker 3: I found it as like one one thrower wayline in

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Speaker 3: one source. But they yeah, it wasn't nothing, for sure.

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Speaker 3: And while they technically began before Hunter's Point, a lot

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Speaker 3: of people cite this uprising is when the Diggers really

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Speaker 3: started to gain traction and really started to do the

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Speaker 3: work that they would become known for. So soon after

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Speaker 3: two Diggers, Billy Murcott and Emmitt Grogan started daily free

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Speaker 3: meals that they called feeds in the panhandle of Golden

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Speaker 3: Gate Park. They had both lost their sources of income

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Speaker 3: and they wanted access to food and figured other people

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Speaker 3: might too. It's always nice to have food. They went

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Speaker 3: to the produce market and got donations of chicken, turkey,

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Speaker 3: and leftover vegetables, but didn't have access to a kitchen

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Speaker 3: and they needed to find a place to cook the food,

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Speaker 3: so they went and stole two twenty gallon milk cans

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Speaker 3: from an industrial dairy and cooked a stew right there

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Speaker 3: in the panhandle. Hell yeah. They also created a flyer

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Speaker 3: to advertise this first feed, which included what's now perhaps

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Speaker 3: the most famous Digger slogan, which is it's free because

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Speaker 3: it's yours.

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Speaker 2: Okay, okay, Yes, I really like the idea of like, man,

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Speaker 2: we're hungry. I've got an idea, let's feed everyone by

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Speaker 2: getting donations. Like I love that, like can do attitude,

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Speaker 2: and I also love the like instead of it being

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Speaker 2: like other people are hungry, it was like, what are

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Speaker 2: we going to eat today? I know, let's start a movement.

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Speaker 3: Totally And yeah, it really came from them, you know,

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Speaker 3: not having a source of income and really wanting to

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Speaker 3: eat as well. Right, So it starts in this very

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Speaker 3: true mutual aid based moment, not like a yeah, not

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Speaker 3: this charity kind of model. So at one early feed,

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Speaker 3: some diggers jumped out of a fan and as they

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Speaker 3: distributed meat, produce, and bread, they yelled, food is the medium?

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Speaker 3: Does this phrase or mind you of anything? Uh?

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Speaker 2: The medium is the mess? No, I don't know.

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Speaker 3: Oh okay, yes it actually is that. Yeah, okay. So

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Speaker 3: it's an echo of Marshall mclewin's the medium is the message.

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Speaker 3: He was a Canadian media theorist who became really popular

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Speaker 3: within the counterculture, which is funny because he was also

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Speaker 3: this stodgy Catholic dude who is like much older than

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Speaker 3: everyone else. But he argued that, to quote www dot

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Speaker 3: Marshall mcluwin dot com, the message of any medium or

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Speaker 3: technology is the chain of scale or pace of pattern

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Speaker 3: it introduces into human affairs. So Free Digger Meals used

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Speaker 3: the excess of waste of capitalism to nourish and modeled

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Speaker 3: a slower pace of life and a coming together of community.

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Speaker 3: They also reclaimed anti capitalist patterns of space use by

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Speaker 3: feeding people in a public park outside of the framework

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Speaker 3: of for profit restaurants and grocery stores. So they're really

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Speaker 3: taking these media theory ideas from mc lwin and from

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Speaker 3: other people and trying to put them into Yeah. Yeah,

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Speaker 3: they're very like they're sort of like relationship between theory

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Speaker 3: and on the groundwork is really it's like firing.

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Speaker 2: To me, the most cliche word is practice, but this

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Speaker 2: is just like literally it. It is where theory and

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Speaker 2: practice meet. They're not like, oh, we should just do

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Speaker 2: things or we should just think about things. They're like,

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Speaker 2: we should think about things and then do things.

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Speaker 3: Yeah good, exactly, yeah, yeah yeah, and constantly be thinking

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Speaker 3: and rethinking about them.

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Speaker 2: Yeah coo.

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Speaker 3: The Diggers incorporate it, so they incorporate other aspects of

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Speaker 3: their cultural work into the feeds. These included theater. They

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Speaker 3: would screw on stupids really tightly to force diners out

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Speaker 3: of passivity. They'd have to like grapple with them to

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Speaker 3: open the stupids.

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Speaker 2: Fucking nerds, I know.

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Speaker 3: And then Emmitt Grogan and Billy Murcott also built a

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Speaker 3: giant frame of reference. So it was this giant doorway

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Speaker 3: painted a golden orange that diners had to walk through

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Speaker 3: before they were able to eat nerds, and the idea

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Speaker 3: is that the feeds, they'd have to leave quote unquote

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Speaker 3: consumer culture at the door and instead fully participate pat

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Speaker 3: in the ideals of the gift economy. Yeah, they were

303
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Speaker 3: total nervous.

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Speaker 2: I love it.

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00:16:04,520 --> 00:16:08,400
Speaker 3: Yeah. And Digger papers were also distributed at the feed

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Speaker 3: These Digger papers were made by secretly using the mimeograph

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Speaker 3: machine in the Students for a Democratic Society offices in

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Speaker 3: a building that belonged to the San Francisco Meme troop,

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Speaker 3: which is really funny to me. Did Yeah, It's like,

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Speaker 3: fuck you, dad, we're using the minograph.

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Speaker 2: Yeah.

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Speaker 3: So one of my favorite papers is called take a

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Speaker 3: Cop to Dinner, And I'm kind of cheating because it

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00:16:31,200 --> 00:16:34,320
Speaker 3: was printed in September nineteen sixty six before the feeds began,

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Speaker 3: but it's food related, so I'm going to talk about it.

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Speaker 3: So the background is the owner of a psychedelic shop

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Speaker 3: in the hate Ashbury posted a take a Cop to

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Speaker 3: Dinner sign in his store window in an attempt to

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Speaker 3: try and build bridges with the cops, which inspired other

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Speaker 3: neighborhood business owners to do the same. The diggers, Yeah,

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Speaker 3: who understandably hated the cops, and critiqued the local merchants

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Speaker 3: for their continued investment in consumer cap decided to respond,

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Speaker 3: and you can see a scan of this broadside on

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Speaker 3: the Digger's Archive, which is a website that has a

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00:17:06,520 --> 00:17:09,159
Speaker 3: ton of Digger materials on it, and it starts with

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00:17:09,240 --> 00:17:12,400
Speaker 3: a very strange poem about genitals and hydrogen bombs, which

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00:17:12,400 --> 00:17:17,560
Speaker 3: I'm not going to read because why. But then the

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00:17:17,600 --> 00:17:21,480
Speaker 3: broadside lists the boys various people and organizations from racketeers

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Speaker 3: to unions to the Catholic Church and Department of Justice

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Speaker 3: bribe cops to encourage them to turn a blind eye

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Speaker 3: to things that were technically illegal but in the service

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Speaker 3: of upholding power. So the Broadside becomes more and more

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Speaker 3: specific and ultimately calling out Theelin Psychedelic Shop and then

334
00:17:37,840 --> 00:17:41,439
Speaker 3: nearby I Thou Coffee Shop, before ending the list with

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00:17:41,880 --> 00:17:45,199
Speaker 3: cops take themselves to dinner by inciting riots. And this

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00:17:45,320 --> 00:17:47,639
Speaker 3: is printed and distributed in the weeks before the Hunter's

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00:17:47,640 --> 00:17:50,280
Speaker 3: Point uprising, which seems to gesture the fact that there was,

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00:17:50,320 --> 00:17:53,000
Speaker 3: you know, this feeling in the city even before this

339
00:17:53,119 --> 00:17:56,760
Speaker 3: uprising happened about what was going on with the police.

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Speaker 3: They also distributed leaflets for other events at their feeds,

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Speaker 3: such as is the one for the Intersection game, which

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00:18:02,280 --> 00:18:06,240
Speaker 3: was held on Halloween nineteen sixty six. They invited pedestrians

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Speaker 3: to walk in geometric shapes at the intersection of Hate

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00:18:09,280 --> 00:18:13,840
Speaker 3: Nashbury to disrupt the flow of automobile traffic. And this

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Speaker 3: is really successful. Around six hundred people showed up to play.

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Speaker 3: It caused a giant traffic jam, and five diggers were arrested.

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Speaker 2: Okay, so this is like so they're like writing sigils

348
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Speaker 2: with their bodies in motion, like in the street. Is

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Speaker 2: that the I think so?

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Speaker 3: Yeah, it's sort of yeah, walking in these funny shapes

351
00:18:34,880 --> 00:18:38,920
Speaker 3: in order to, yeah, just to like tie up traffic.

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Speaker 2: He there's that like kind of meme of like the

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Speaker 2: circle of protection from a self driving car where you

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Speaker 2: like drive the like yellow line, you like paint the

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Speaker 2: yellow line around the car and then the car can't

356
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Speaker 2: leave because it can't cross the yellow line or whatever.

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Speaker 3: You know. I haven't seen that, but that's brilliant.

358
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Speaker 2: Oh yeah, no, and this just feels like that for

359
00:18:59,520 --> 00:19:02,320
Speaker 2: the six Yeah, totally.

360
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Speaker 3: Okay, Yeah, they really do feel like even though we're

361
00:19:05,440 --> 00:19:08,520
Speaker 3: talking about food and how their predecessor of you know,

362
00:19:08,960 --> 00:19:11,520
Speaker 3: spoiler alert things like food, not bombs. They're also kind

363
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Speaker 3: of a predecessor of meme culture, so that's like an

364
00:19:14,280 --> 00:19:18,280
Speaker 3: interesting tie in. So I've read a bunch of times

365
00:19:18,280 --> 00:19:21,680
Speaker 3: that the Digger Feeds inspired the Black Panther breakfast program.

366
00:19:22,080 --> 00:19:23,960
Speaker 3: It's always felt like a stretch to me, or like

367
00:19:24,000 --> 00:19:26,679
Speaker 3: the story was more complicated. And then I found a

368
00:19:26,760 --> 00:19:29,600
Speaker 3: video of Digger Kent Minnault where he talks about meeting UEP.

369
00:19:29,720 --> 00:19:33,679
Speaker 3: Newton in fall nineteen sixty six. Newton did tell him

370
00:19:33,720 --> 00:19:35,879
Speaker 3: he had heard of the Digger Feeds and implied that

371
00:19:35,920 --> 00:19:38,960
Speaker 3: he found them inspired, but followed that up by taking

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Speaker 3: Minault around Oakland and talking about the Black panthers plans

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Speaker 3: to serve kids a fortifying breakfast before school. Newton also

374
00:19:45,880 --> 00:19:48,480
Speaker 3: pointed out the yards of certain houses and mentioned that

375
00:19:48,520 --> 00:19:50,560
Speaker 3: he'd been talking to the women who own them about

376
00:19:50,640 --> 00:19:53,439
Speaker 3: using them to grow fresh food. So it's possible that

377
00:19:53,480 --> 00:19:55,760
Speaker 3: the Black Panthers took some inspiration from the Diggers, but

378
00:19:56,000 --> 00:19:58,960
Speaker 3: as Minault says in the video, the Panthers' ideas were

379
00:19:59,160 --> 00:20:01,879
Speaker 3: much more system than those of the Diggers, and the

380
00:20:01,920 --> 00:20:05,280
Speaker 3: Panthers definitely inspired the Diggers in turn, so it's definitely

381
00:20:05,280 --> 00:20:06,119
Speaker 3: a two way street.

382
00:20:06,400 --> 00:20:10,120
Speaker 2: And you know what else is a two way street

383
00:20:13,400 --> 00:20:19,400
Speaker 2: that's alts wrongcoming from you. I know, I loved it.

384
00:20:20,080 --> 00:20:26,879
Speaker 2: Medium is the message as relates to advertising. Help me

385
00:20:26,920 --> 00:20:27,320
Speaker 2: out here.

386
00:20:28,560 --> 00:20:32,520
Speaker 1: It's time for ad breaks unless you have coolers on media.

387
00:20:32,680 --> 00:20:41,840
Speaker 2: So yeah, here's ads maybe, and we're back.

388
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Speaker 3: So the feats continued regularly until February nineteen sixty seven,

389
00:20:48,240 --> 00:20:50,560
Speaker 3: when they started to peter off. There are a lot

390
00:20:50,600 --> 00:20:54,359
Speaker 3: of reasons why this happened. There were population pressures as

391
00:20:54,400 --> 00:20:56,760
Speaker 3: young people from around the country flocked to the hate Ashbury,

392
00:20:56,800 --> 00:20:58,400
Speaker 3: which is what would result in the Summer of Love

393
00:20:58,480 --> 00:20:59,919
Speaker 3: in nineteen sixty seven.

394
00:21:00,040 --> 00:21:02,359
Speaker 2: Which I totally knew was nineteen sixty seven. I totally

395
00:21:02,359 --> 00:21:04,840
Speaker 2: didn't have to completely change my brain to.

396
00:21:04,920 --> 00:21:08,520
Speaker 3: Be sixty nine, right, but apparently sixty seven.

397
00:21:08,600 --> 00:21:10,720
Speaker 2: I'm a good history I'm not a historian. I'm a

398
00:21:10,760 --> 00:21:14,240
Speaker 2: pop his history writer. Anyway.

399
00:21:14,680 --> 00:21:16,439
Speaker 3: Well, the thing the thing too, is like the thing

400
00:21:16,440 --> 00:21:18,199
Speaker 3: about doing a lot of food history is often I'll

401
00:21:18,240 --> 00:21:20,560
Speaker 3: know about the food stuff, but not about everything else. Yeah,

402
00:21:20,560 --> 00:21:22,520
Speaker 3: so there's actually not too much more I could tell

403
00:21:22,520 --> 00:21:24,960
Speaker 3: you about the Summer of Love besides the fact that

404
00:21:25,000 --> 00:21:30,560
Speaker 3: it was in nineteen sixty seven. So yeah, okay, no worried.

405
00:21:30,680 --> 00:21:33,679
Speaker 2: Yeah, no, we all knew. Everyone knew that it was

406
00:21:33,720 --> 00:21:38,639
Speaker 2: sixty seven, not sixty nine. Absolutely, Okay, now that actually

407
00:21:38,640 --> 00:21:40,919
Speaker 2: makes sense because then it was like, yeah, that's like

408
00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:45,040
Speaker 2: where it because it kind of, as I'm under the impression,

409
00:21:45,040 --> 00:21:47,600
Speaker 2: a lot of hipie stuff sort of like really started

410
00:21:47,640 --> 00:21:49,480
Speaker 2: in the Bay Area and spread out, so it was

411
00:21:49,480 --> 00:21:52,360
Speaker 2: like probably more generalized by sixty nine or something. This

412
00:21:52,400 --> 00:21:55,800
Speaker 2: is me talking out of my ass totally.

413
00:21:55,840 --> 00:21:58,720
Speaker 3: That is Yeah, that is the impression I get, Yeah,

414
00:21:58,760 --> 00:22:01,240
Speaker 3: that it spread out, and then you're getting to sixty nine,

415
00:22:01,240 --> 00:22:03,919
Speaker 3: you're getting a lot of repression, You're getting a lot

416
00:22:03,960 --> 00:22:07,359
Speaker 3: of breakdown in the Bay Area. But then again, there

417
00:22:07,359 --> 00:22:09,280
Speaker 3: are like many people in this world who know way

418
00:22:09,280 --> 00:22:11,800
Speaker 3: more about this than me, So I'm just making it,

419
00:22:11,960 --> 00:22:14,000
Speaker 3: you know, kind of making an educated guest based on

420
00:22:14,040 --> 00:22:16,359
Speaker 3: what I know about the Diggers and related projects.

421
00:22:16,680 --> 00:22:20,080
Speaker 2: I'm like annoyed because I've done like probably yeah, probably

422
00:22:20,119 --> 00:22:23,680
Speaker 2: like twenty episodes total, like including like multiple parts or

423
00:22:23,720 --> 00:22:28,440
Speaker 2: whatever related to late sixties early seventies movements in the US,

424
00:22:29,000 --> 00:22:32,600
Speaker 2: but I haven't covered this, like the Summer of Love stuff,

425
00:22:32,640 --> 00:22:35,440
Speaker 2: So I'm like, I don't know, I haven't read those

426
00:22:35,440 --> 00:22:36,080
Speaker 2: books yet.

427
00:22:36,600 --> 00:22:37,720
Speaker 3: Maybe it needs to happen.

428
00:22:37,840 --> 00:22:39,600
Speaker 2: Yeah, you know, ye yeah.

429
00:22:40,119 --> 00:22:41,879
Speaker 3: I actually had a bunch of places in the script

430
00:22:41,920 --> 00:22:44,000
Speaker 3: where I was like, you could do a whole episode off,

431
00:22:44,200 --> 00:22:45,880
Speaker 3: and then I like edited most of them out.

432
00:22:46,400 --> 00:22:48,320
Speaker 2: No, because I thought you should pitch it to me.

433
00:22:49,440 --> 00:22:53,360
Speaker 3: It's actually just me me pitching other episodes. Yeah. So anyway,

434
00:22:53,840 --> 00:22:56,639
Speaker 3: another reason that there was a crackdown. City authorities were

435
00:22:56,640 --> 00:23:00,000
Speaker 3: cracking down on free food distributions and ordered produce suppliers

436
00:23:00,040 --> 00:23:03,280
Speaker 3: a stop donating to the diggers, whoa classic repression for

437
00:23:03,359 --> 00:23:07,120
Speaker 3: the city government. But there is another reason that regular

438
00:23:07,160 --> 00:23:09,560
Speaker 3: feeds stopped. Can you think of what group of people

439
00:23:09,640 --> 00:23:11,399
Speaker 3: might have done most of the cooking and had to

440
00:23:11,400 --> 00:23:13,560
Speaker 3: do a disproportionate amount of the labor.

441
00:23:14,119 --> 00:23:16,400
Speaker 2: It's probably some group that I wouldn't even be able

442
00:23:16,400 --> 00:23:19,680
Speaker 2: to think of, because no one ever thinks of, like yeah,

443
00:23:19,680 --> 00:23:21,439
Speaker 2: like whatever the opposite of men is.

444
00:23:22,119 --> 00:23:26,000
Speaker 3: Yeah, I don't even know what that is. No or no, Sophie, do.

445
00:23:25,920 --> 00:23:28,240
Speaker 2: You happen to know any of this? Never heard of it?

446
00:23:28,720 --> 00:23:34,600
Speaker 3: Okay? Yeah, yeah, so yeah, yes, as we're jokingly gesturing

447
00:23:34,640 --> 00:23:36,480
Speaker 3: at it was the women who were involved.

448
00:23:36,520 --> 00:23:36,800
Speaker 4: Women.

449
00:23:37,359 --> 00:23:40,879
Speaker 3: You do say there were women?

450
00:23:41,320 --> 00:23:43,639
Speaker 2: Oh wow, so cool?

451
00:23:44,400 --> 00:23:49,320
Speaker 3: I know right. Women were responsible for cooking as well

452
00:23:49,320 --> 00:23:52,160
Speaker 3: as procuring food for the feeds, which at one point

453
00:23:52,160 --> 00:23:55,280
Speaker 3: were daily and regularly served up to two hundred people,

454
00:23:55,880 --> 00:23:56,920
Speaker 3: which is a ton of work.

455
00:23:57,119 --> 00:23:57,439
Speaker 2: Yeah.

456
00:23:57,760 --> 00:24:00,000
Speaker 3: As I was researching this, I was thinking about how

457
00:24:00,119 --> 00:24:03,600
Speaker 3: I'm part of Autonomous Community Center here in Tucson, the BCC,

458
00:24:04,080 --> 00:24:06,000
Speaker 3: where we do weekly meals that feed up to forty

459
00:24:06,080 --> 00:24:08,080
Speaker 3: or fifty people, and every one's in a blue moon.

460
00:24:08,080 --> 00:24:09,879
Speaker 3: I sign up to cook and it feels like a lot.

461
00:24:10,320 --> 00:24:12,680
Speaker 3: So I can't imagine doing that every single day.

462
00:24:13,240 --> 00:24:16,520
Speaker 2: No, So for like your shitty boyfriend who's just on drugs,

463
00:24:16,520 --> 00:24:18,800
Speaker 2: who's like, come on, don't you care about the cause?

464
00:24:20,560 --> 00:24:24,000
Speaker 3: Totally? Yeah, who's making all the broadsides? And you know,

465
00:24:24,040 --> 00:24:24,800
Speaker 3: there definitely was this.

466
00:24:26,240 --> 00:24:27,000
Speaker 2: Yeah.

467
00:24:27,200 --> 00:24:29,560
Speaker 3: Yeah, the men got to be thinkers and the women

468
00:24:29,680 --> 00:24:31,120
Speaker 3: had to do a lot of the grunt work.

469
00:24:31,760 --> 00:24:32,120
Speaker 2: So yeah.

470
00:24:32,160 --> 00:24:34,440
Speaker 3: So a great example of this is that even though

471
00:24:34,440 --> 00:24:36,399
Speaker 3: Emmett Grogan claimed that he got all the food for

472
00:24:36,480 --> 00:24:40,639
Speaker 3: the feeds, Our Pale Peter Coyote wrote about how the

473
00:24:40,640 --> 00:24:43,760
Speaker 3: digger women would actually collect the donations because the produce

474
00:24:43,840 --> 00:24:46,159
Speaker 3: venders were more inclined to give food to them than

475
00:24:46,200 --> 00:24:50,600
Speaker 3: to the men. Yeah, and yeah, It's also really funny

476
00:24:50,640 --> 00:24:53,400
Speaker 3: because a lot of the things that I saw were

477
00:24:53,440 --> 00:24:56,920
Speaker 3: like these burly Italian men at the produce market only

478
00:24:56,920 --> 00:24:59,080
Speaker 3: want to give food to the women, which I thought

479
00:24:59,080 --> 00:25:01,840
Speaker 3: was kind of hilarious in a vague like leaning into

480
00:25:01,840 --> 00:25:06,600
Speaker 3: ethnic stereotypes way, but it might have happened. I read

481
00:25:06,600 --> 00:25:09,440
Speaker 3: an oral history with a digger named Judy Goldhoff, who

482
00:25:09,480 --> 00:25:10,960
Speaker 3: is one of the women who would go down to

483
00:25:11,000 --> 00:25:14,119
Speaker 3: the produce market. She also talks about gleaning in nearby

484
00:25:14,160 --> 00:25:17,119
Speaker 3: agricultural fields, so they would go out and gather produce, yeah,

485
00:25:17,160 --> 00:25:19,720
Speaker 3: like zucchini and onions that get left behind during the

486
00:25:19,760 --> 00:25:23,720
Speaker 3: mechanical harvesting process. And she also mentions a number of

487
00:25:23,720 --> 00:25:26,000
Speaker 3: women who were involved in the feeds, including a group

488
00:25:26,040 --> 00:25:29,720
Speaker 3: of students either like from Antioch College on break or

489
00:25:29,840 --> 00:25:32,920
Speaker 3: dropouts that wasn't totally clear to me but had come

490
00:25:32,960 --> 00:25:36,400
Speaker 3: from Antioch College, as well as someone named Nina Blasenheim.

491
00:25:36,600 --> 00:25:38,959
Speaker 3: And Blasenheim comes up a bunch of times in these

492
00:25:39,080 --> 00:25:41,840
Speaker 3: oral history interviews as bottom lining the feeds, but I

493
00:25:41,880 --> 00:25:43,960
Speaker 3: haven't been able to find out more about her, but

494
00:25:44,040 --> 00:25:46,480
Speaker 3: I do want to name her again, Nina Blasenheim, because

495
00:25:46,480 --> 00:25:48,920
Speaker 3: according to these women, she did really important work making

496
00:25:48,920 --> 00:25:52,760
Speaker 3: these feeds happen. The poet Dianda Primo was also involved

497
00:25:52,800 --> 00:25:56,119
Speaker 3: in the Diggers, and I will admit that I wrote

498
00:25:56,119 --> 00:25:58,399
Speaker 3: more about this in an article for gastro Obscura, but

499
00:25:58,440 --> 00:25:59,919
Speaker 3: I'm not going to go a ton into it for

500
00:26:00,160 --> 00:26:01,399
Speaker 3: contractual reasons.

501
00:26:01,840 --> 00:26:04,199
Speaker 2: Ah fine, I needed you. You wrote one of my

502
00:26:04,200 --> 00:26:07,320
Speaker 2: favorite pieces of poetry ever. The it takes all of

503
00:26:07,440 --> 00:26:09,160
Speaker 2: us pushing on this from every direction.

504
00:26:10,680 --> 00:26:14,440
Speaker 3: Yeah, her revolutionary letters are amazing. You should read them.

505
00:26:14,600 --> 00:26:17,040
Speaker 3: She's one of my favorite poets. I have a tattoo

506
00:26:17,040 --> 00:26:19,639
Speaker 3: of one of her lines of poetry. So I'm a

507
00:26:19,680 --> 00:26:23,639
Speaker 3: huge dand a Prima fan. And her involvement with the

508
00:26:23,640 --> 00:26:26,760
Speaker 3: Diggers was pretty peripheral, but it is interesting and you

509
00:26:26,760 --> 00:26:29,639
Speaker 3: can find stuff about that online. I was like working

510
00:26:29,680 --> 00:26:31,520
Speaker 3: on that piece and this at the same time and

511
00:26:31,560 --> 00:26:33,919
Speaker 3: got into kind of sticky like they need to be

512
00:26:34,000 --> 00:26:35,760
Speaker 3: different scopes kind of thing.

513
00:26:35,920 --> 00:26:38,520
Speaker 2: Is that piece out yet that people can read it is?

514
00:26:38,640 --> 00:26:40,960
Speaker 3: Yeah, it's on gastro Obscura, so you should be able

515
00:26:41,000 --> 00:26:43,840
Speaker 3: to find it just googling like gastro Obscura Diggers.

516
00:26:43,560 --> 00:26:47,240
Speaker 2: Or yeah or run awry, Yeah.

517
00:26:47,200 --> 00:26:50,280
Speaker 3: You know whatever you want to google. So even after

518
00:26:50,280 --> 00:26:53,040
Speaker 3: the feed started to wane in spring nineteen sixty seven.

519
00:26:53,640 --> 00:26:56,000
Speaker 3: The Diggers continue to do mutual aid. In addition to

520
00:26:56,040 --> 00:27:00,400
Speaker 3: their spectacles, parades, and other theatrical events, they open free

521
00:27:00,400 --> 00:27:03,400
Speaker 3: stores that offered clothing and products that were procured both

522
00:27:03,440 --> 00:27:06,720
Speaker 3: through donation and theft. Oh yeah, and when police would

523
00:27:06,760 --> 00:27:09,320
Speaker 3: inquire about who was in charge of these stores, the Diggers,

524
00:27:09,520 --> 00:27:12,520
Speaker 3: in true anarchist fashion, would tell them that if they

525
00:27:12,560 --> 00:27:14,679
Speaker 3: wanted to see someone in charge, they'd have to be

526
00:27:14,800 --> 00:27:18,159
Speaker 3: the one in charge. They'd basically be like, there are

527
00:27:18,200 --> 00:27:21,560
Speaker 3: no managers, you're the manager. They would also invite people

528
00:27:21,600 --> 00:27:24,320
Speaker 3: to take turns being the manager of the store, which

529
00:27:24,359 --> 00:27:26,880
Speaker 3: from what I can tell, mostly meant helping customers find

530
00:27:26,880 --> 00:27:29,800
Speaker 3: what they were looking for, suggesting clothing, things like that.

531
00:27:30,359 --> 00:27:33,480
Speaker 3: They also operated at least one crash pad to house

532
00:27:33,520 --> 00:27:36,159
Speaker 3: the young people pouring into the hate ashbery, so a

533
00:27:36,200 --> 00:27:38,480
Speaker 3: housing space that people could stay at and living.

534
00:27:38,640 --> 00:27:42,000
Speaker 2: So you mentioned because earlier the only specific political ideology

535
00:27:42,000 --> 00:27:45,160
Speaker 2: you've named with them as like Marxism from the alf

536
00:27:45,560 --> 00:27:49,840
Speaker 2: the thing they came before. In my research, which was

537
00:27:49,920 --> 00:27:51,919
Speaker 2: very minimal, but I read about the Diggers as an

538
00:27:51,960 --> 00:27:57,040
Speaker 2: explicitly anarchist organization. Do you know like when that shift happened,

539
00:27:57,119 --> 00:27:58,480
Speaker 2: or if it was like a little bit more loose

540
00:27:58,520 --> 00:28:00,760
Speaker 2: than that, it was just like whatever, we clearly don't

541
00:28:00,760 --> 00:28:02,480
Speaker 2: want anyone in charge, and we just use marks for

542
00:28:02,560 --> 00:28:05,399
Speaker 2: like a way of understanding the way that like economics works.

543
00:28:05,480 --> 00:28:09,360
Speaker 3: Or Yeah. So from my reading, which I think once

544
00:28:09,400 --> 00:28:11,600
Speaker 3: again somebody else could go way more into this side

545
00:28:11,600 --> 00:28:15,760
Speaker 3: of things. But they were a lot of what they

546
00:28:15,800 --> 00:28:18,600
Speaker 3: were doing was really rooted in everyday life, right, and

547
00:28:18,680 --> 00:28:23,359
Speaker 3: so they were very anarchist in their approach. But a

548
00:28:23,359 --> 00:28:25,280
Speaker 3: lot of the writing they were doing, a lot of

549
00:28:25,280 --> 00:28:27,280
Speaker 3: the theory and discussions they were having had more to

550
00:28:27,320 --> 00:28:29,840
Speaker 3: do with what was happening on the ground in San Francisco. Okay,

551
00:28:29,880 --> 00:28:31,679
Speaker 3: So I would say that from what I can glean,

552
00:28:31,880 --> 00:28:34,399
Speaker 3: they were definitely an anarchist project. They were also, like

553
00:28:34,800 --> 00:28:38,800
Speaker 3: so many radicals at the time, super Marxist influence. I

554
00:28:38,800 --> 00:28:42,280
Speaker 3: would say that they were they were mostly anarchists. I

555
00:28:42,280 --> 00:28:44,760
Speaker 3: would define them. That is the label that makes the

556
00:28:44,760 --> 00:28:47,480
Speaker 3: most sense. Okay, but it does feel a little bit

557
00:28:47,520 --> 00:28:49,680
Speaker 3: loosey goosey, like I'm not sure if every digger would

558
00:28:49,680 --> 00:28:50,760
Speaker 3: identify that way, you know.

559
00:28:50,880 --> 00:28:53,680
Speaker 2: Yeah, no, that that makes sense to me, And yeah,

560
00:28:53,720 --> 00:28:57,920
Speaker 2: that that tracks, And this is an interesting I like

561
00:28:57,960 --> 00:28:59,560
Speaker 2: that everyone's the manager, but I like how it like

562
00:28:59,640 --> 00:29:01,800
Speaker 2: runs up against this hard wall when you're like you're

563
00:29:01,880 --> 00:29:03,920
Speaker 2: the manager and like, no, don't make a cop the manager.

564
00:29:04,120 --> 00:29:06,680
Speaker 2: I have one rule, I know, totally. Yeah, but also

565
00:29:06,720 --> 00:29:08,760
Speaker 2: it probably like scares that no cop is going to

566
00:29:08,800 --> 00:29:11,120
Speaker 2: be like, yeah, that's right, I am the manager here now, right,

567
00:29:11,320 --> 00:29:11,560
Speaker 2: you know.

568
00:29:12,760 --> 00:29:14,440
Speaker 3: Yeah. I feel like they had this really like a

569
00:29:14,640 --> 00:29:18,760
Speaker 3: whole huge thing about disorientation, right, so they're disorienting this guy. Yeah, yeah,

570
00:29:18,760 --> 00:29:20,480
Speaker 3: you know, just throwing him into confusion.

571
00:29:20,760 --> 00:29:21,440
Speaker 2: No, I like it.

572
00:29:22,680 --> 00:29:26,760
Speaker 3: Yeah, And they also continued food based projects. A lot

573
00:29:26,800 --> 00:29:29,160
Speaker 3: of the work that Dan Daprima did was from this

574
00:29:29,320 --> 00:29:33,280
Speaker 3: later era. She moved after the feeds had ended. Flyers

575
00:29:33,320 --> 00:29:36,640
Speaker 3: from this era show free distribution of lettuce and information

576
00:29:36,640 --> 00:29:40,480
Speaker 3: about Digger sponsored spaghetti dinners held at local churches. A

577
00:29:40,480 --> 00:29:44,600
Speaker 3: lot of the flyers were handwritten on one B yob

578
00:29:44,920 --> 00:29:47,120
Speaker 3: stands for bring your own bowl, which I thought was

579
00:29:47,120 --> 00:29:50,440
Speaker 3: pretty funny. And also during their feeds they would often

580
00:29:50,480 --> 00:29:52,800
Speaker 3: ask people to bring their own bowl. And there's lots

581
00:29:52,800 --> 00:29:55,600
Speaker 3: of ideas about why this was. Some people are just

582
00:29:55,680 --> 00:29:58,239
Speaker 3: like they didn't have bowls, and other people are like

583
00:29:58,480 --> 00:30:01,120
Speaker 3: they wanted to make sure people were like active participants

584
00:30:01,160 --> 00:30:02,120
Speaker 3: and not passively eating.

585
00:30:02,200 --> 00:30:03,400
Speaker 2: I can tell you why. I think it was. So

586
00:30:03,440 --> 00:30:07,560
Speaker 2: there's all I used to eat at and cook for

587
00:30:07,600 --> 00:30:10,600
Speaker 2: a lot of different food up bombs, and the one

588
00:30:10,640 --> 00:30:13,880
Speaker 2: that I went to that eventually was like, now, whatever,

589
00:30:13,920 --> 00:30:15,920
Speaker 2: you have to bring your own dish was so that

590
00:30:15,920 --> 00:30:17,280
Speaker 2: they didn't have to wash all the dishes.

591
00:30:18,240 --> 00:30:20,640
Speaker 3: See that makes so much sense, And it's so funny

592
00:30:20,640 --> 00:30:24,960
Speaker 3: to me because I also have done similar things throughout

593
00:30:25,000 --> 00:30:27,120
Speaker 3: my life and I was so deep in the history

594
00:30:27,200 --> 00:30:27,800
Speaker 3: that that never.

595
00:30:27,680 --> 00:30:32,240
Speaker 2: Occurred to me. No, No, I mean yeah, yes, yeah, yeah,

596
00:30:32,320 --> 00:30:34,960
Speaker 2: I'm sure. Yeah. I was like, oh, it's participatory, yes,

597
00:30:35,000 --> 00:30:40,680
Speaker 2: participatory doing the fucking dishes. Like yeah. I was like, however,

598
00:30:40,720 --> 00:30:42,600
Speaker 2: I was like really angry about it. I was like

599
00:30:43,800 --> 00:30:45,880
Speaker 2: I was probably twenty one, and I was like, this

600
00:30:45,920 --> 00:30:50,320
Speaker 2: creates a barrier, you know, and like yeah, because you know,

601
00:30:50,400 --> 00:30:53,240
Speaker 2: not everyone who's going without a house is like carrying

602
00:30:53,240 --> 00:30:56,000
Speaker 2: around a bowl or whatever. But honestly, most people are.

603
00:30:56,880 --> 00:30:59,200
Speaker 3: And in a lot of photos, there's some amazing photos

604
00:30:59,200 --> 00:31:01,320
Speaker 3: in the Digger archives, the early feeds, and you see

605
00:31:01,360 --> 00:31:04,600
Speaker 3: people eating out of like soup cans all sorts, of

606
00:31:04,600 --> 00:31:07,400
Speaker 3: recycled material. I do think they did down the line

607
00:31:07,440 --> 00:31:10,000
Speaker 3: start providing things for people to eat out of. But yeah,

608
00:31:10,000 --> 00:31:12,680
Speaker 3: people were very improvisational with what was a bowl.

609
00:31:14,200 --> 00:31:17,720
Speaker 2: Cool. I've definitely eaten food ut bombs on a car

610
00:31:17,960 --> 00:31:20,520
Speaker 2: on a piece of cardboard, oh totally.

611
00:31:21,040 --> 00:31:24,560
Speaker 3: Yeah, yeah, or the like empty bean can.

612
00:31:25,080 --> 00:31:26,000
Speaker 2: Yeah totally.

613
00:31:28,040 --> 00:31:31,440
Speaker 3: So now we're going to get to bread, and we're

614
00:31:31,440 --> 00:31:33,080
Speaker 3: going to touch a little bit on some whole wheat

615
00:31:33,120 --> 00:31:35,440
Speaker 3: bread stuff, although I think different from what you went

616
00:31:35,480 --> 00:31:38,760
Speaker 3: into before. So we're going to talk about digger bread.

617
00:31:38,800 --> 00:31:40,800
Speaker 3: Have you ever heard of the digger bread recipe?

618
00:31:41,240 --> 00:31:45,600
Speaker 2: Is it involved dipping it in melted cheese. This is

619
00:31:45,600 --> 00:31:46,880
Speaker 2: my attempt to bring spot.

620
00:31:46,720 --> 00:31:49,440
Speaker 1: I mean, we're not having a font you were trying

621
00:31:49,480 --> 00:31:51,320
Speaker 1: to bring up doing to it all.

622
00:31:53,840 --> 00:31:55,880
Speaker 2: The only thing I know about digger bread is I

623
00:31:55,920 --> 00:31:58,200
Speaker 2: have this I have this understanding that could be totally

624
00:31:58,240 --> 00:32:00,920
Speaker 2: wrong that the reason that like old grain and whole

625
00:32:00,920 --> 00:32:05,880
Speaker 2: wheat bread is popular in like healthy food in the

626
00:32:06,000 --> 00:32:08,960
Speaker 2: United States period is because of some weird anarchists in

627
00:32:09,000 --> 00:32:11,960
Speaker 2: the Bay and the sixties, along with Tide. Those are

628
00:32:12,000 --> 00:32:14,280
Speaker 2: like the things that I'm like aware of or have

629
00:32:14,320 --> 00:32:16,959
Speaker 2: been told that they influenced.

630
00:32:16,800 --> 00:32:19,520
Speaker 3: I'm so glad you brought that up, because admittedly, when

631
00:32:19,560 --> 00:32:21,400
Speaker 3: I was writing this script, there were definitely things that

632
00:32:21,440 --> 00:32:25,160
Speaker 3: had to stay on the cutting room floor. And I

633
00:32:25,240 --> 00:32:28,280
Speaker 3: have read about the influence of the Diggers and wholl

634
00:32:28,320 --> 00:32:31,440
Speaker 3: weat bread and then was struggling to like find it

635
00:32:31,520 --> 00:32:33,440
Speaker 3: again and didn't want to put something in. I couldn't

636
00:32:33,440 --> 00:32:34,560
Speaker 3: one hundred percent cite.

637
00:32:34,760 --> 00:32:37,760
Speaker 2: Okay, well I'll claim it apocryphaly.

638
00:32:37,480 --> 00:32:39,719
Speaker 3: But I'm pretty sure that that, Yeah, they had this

639
00:32:39,840 --> 00:32:42,400
Speaker 3: huge influence on whole wheat bread across the country. The

640
00:32:42,440 --> 00:32:46,840
Speaker 3: Diggers also had a huge they like popularized tide in

641
00:32:47,320 --> 00:32:51,360
Speaker 3: within the United States. It did draw on more traditional

642
00:32:51,400 --> 00:32:54,360
Speaker 3: forms of dying I believe from Southeast Asia, but I'm

643
00:32:54,360 --> 00:32:58,760
Speaker 3: not totally sure. But yeah, that's also another thing that

644
00:32:58,800 --> 00:33:00,920
Speaker 3: someone could look into excited about.

645
00:33:02,920 --> 00:33:04,200
Speaker 2: I can never be excited about that.

646
00:33:05,960 --> 00:33:09,960
Speaker 3: I don't know, well, I know, and.

647
00:33:07,920 --> 00:33:10,960
Speaker 2: I feel like so it's like all the like metal

648
00:33:11,000 --> 00:33:13,360
Speaker 2: heads I know are really into tight I and I'm

649
00:33:13,640 --> 00:33:17,080
Speaker 2: I'm like just slightly too old because I was around

650
00:33:17,240 --> 00:33:20,680
Speaker 2: the worst era of hippies, which is the early nineties

651
00:33:20,840 --> 00:33:24,640
Speaker 2: and like mid nineties hippies, the like yeah, pale end

652
00:33:24,640 --> 00:33:28,680
Speaker 2: of the Grateful Dead the most like consumerist, burned out,

653
00:33:28,920 --> 00:33:34,600
Speaker 2: like apolitical, misogynist hippies in the world. It from my

654
00:33:34,680 --> 00:33:36,640
Speaker 2: point of view, and so I have this like really

655
00:33:36,760 --> 00:33:41,600
Speaker 2: deep like fuck that version of hippie. And so the

656
00:33:41,680 --> 00:33:43,440
Speaker 2: version of hippie that I like is when you like,

657
00:33:43,480 --> 00:33:45,400
Speaker 2: look and they all look like medieval peasants. I'm like

658
00:33:45,440 --> 00:33:48,680
Speaker 2: that shit rules. You could be in a cult, you know,

659
00:33:51,240 --> 00:33:53,760
Speaker 2: I say, with my hood on, I'm wearing all black.

660
00:33:53,480 --> 00:33:56,520
Speaker 3: And yeah, I think that from what I can tell,

661
00:33:56,520 --> 00:33:59,440
Speaker 3: the Diggers look exactly like what we think of as

662
00:33:59,480 --> 00:34:01,640
Speaker 3: the worst kind of hippie, which is interesting to think

663
00:34:01,640 --> 00:34:04,960
Speaker 3: about because because they're awesome, that they're awesome. Yeah, and

664
00:34:05,000 --> 00:34:06,800
Speaker 3: a lot of people, a lot of hippies of that

665
00:34:06,840 --> 00:34:07,800
Speaker 3: era were awesome.

666
00:34:08,040 --> 00:34:08,360
Speaker 2: Yeah.

667
00:34:08,360 --> 00:34:10,800
Speaker 3: And you know, like all things, it gets co opted

668
00:34:10,840 --> 00:34:13,279
Speaker 3: and watered down, yea, all things within the you know,

669
00:34:13,280 --> 00:34:17,120
Speaker 3: within our like super capitalist United States. Yeah, it gets

670
00:34:17,320 --> 00:34:18,920
Speaker 3: becomes this other thing totally.

671
00:34:19,040 --> 00:34:22,719
Speaker 2: And the fact that I'm angry about what happened when

672
00:34:22,760 --> 00:34:25,600
Speaker 2: I was fourteen should have no influence on whether or

673
00:34:25,640 --> 00:34:28,160
Speaker 2: not a doom metal band wants to make a tid

674
00:34:28,160 --> 00:34:31,120
Speaker 2: eye version of their shirt. And I actually think, I

675
00:34:31,160 --> 00:34:33,319
Speaker 2: actually think it's cool that it's coming back. I'm just like,

676
00:34:34,040 --> 00:34:35,719
Speaker 2: it's like not quite for me, even though I love

677
00:34:35,840 --> 00:34:37,759
Speaker 2: natural dying and all that stuff. Like I have a

678
00:34:37,760 --> 00:34:40,800
Speaker 2: whole bucket of black walnut rhinds that I'm going to

679
00:34:40,840 --> 00:34:42,640
Speaker 2: die some of my dresses with next.

680
00:34:42,400 --> 00:34:45,280
Speaker 3: Week, but they're not going to be like black walnut

681
00:34:45,360 --> 00:34:46,120
Speaker 3: tied addresses.

682
00:34:46,400 --> 00:34:48,920
Speaker 2: No, although I'm like, what if I just tried to

683
00:34:48,960 --> 00:34:51,800
Speaker 2: get over it by like, No, I probably won't. I

684
00:34:51,800 --> 00:34:54,360
Speaker 2: don't think that's going to happen anyway.

685
00:34:54,560 --> 00:34:56,360
Speaker 3: Then this is a great time waiting. This is a

686
00:34:56,400 --> 00:34:58,160
Speaker 3: great time to talk about my boots. I'd like to

687
00:34:58,160 --> 00:34:58,960
Speaker 3: talk about my boots.

688
00:34:58,960 --> 00:35:01,120
Speaker 2: Is that okay, Le's talk about your So.

689
00:35:01,239 --> 00:35:03,920
Speaker 3: I have this pair of boots that I originally got

690
00:35:04,120 --> 00:35:08,759
Speaker 3: because a friend's kid was having her bot mitzvah and

691
00:35:08,840 --> 00:35:14,839
Speaker 3: she asked everyone to wear like flowery things. And I

692
00:35:15,040 --> 00:35:17,480
Speaker 3: really really love a clothing assignment from a child. It's

693
00:35:17,480 --> 00:35:19,359
Speaker 3: one of my favorite things. And so I went all

694
00:35:19,400 --> 00:35:23,600
Speaker 3: out and I found at a thrift store these Doc Martin's,

695
00:35:24,280 --> 00:35:28,759
Speaker 3: except that they have like hippie paisley flower print all

696
00:35:28,760 --> 00:35:32,400
Speaker 3: over them, and I don't wear them very much because

697
00:35:33,000 --> 00:35:35,880
Speaker 3: anyone who knows me knows that I mostly wear all black,

698
00:35:36,200 --> 00:35:39,080
Speaker 3: but I put them on today because it felt appropriate.

699
00:35:40,960 --> 00:35:44,040
Speaker 1: Don Are you going to at some point for us,

700
00:35:44,080 --> 00:35:45,200
Speaker 1: because because.

701
00:35:45,280 --> 00:35:47,640
Speaker 3: Yeah I can, I can totally wait, I'm really clumsy,

702
00:35:47,640 --> 00:35:48,680
Speaker 3: but I'm going to try to do this.

703
00:35:50,040 --> 00:35:56,879
Speaker 2: I see the side they do. They look really fucking cool.

704
00:35:59,320 --> 00:36:01,840
Speaker 2: Enough about it, now, you'll know that I've finally gotten

705
00:36:01,840 --> 00:36:04,080
Speaker 2: over self consciousness. When my hair is just in a

706
00:36:04,080 --> 00:36:05,920
Speaker 2: crown braid with flowers in it. That's when you know

707
00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:08,520
Speaker 2: I'm just like finally just like see, you would look

708
00:36:08,600 --> 00:36:09,640
Speaker 2: really fucking cool.

709
00:36:10,120 --> 00:36:14,000
Speaker 3: I know totally you would. I highly recommend. Anyways, Yeah,

710
00:36:14,040 --> 00:36:21,840
Speaker 3: we'll support. So back to bread. In June nineteen sixty seven,

711
00:36:21,880 --> 00:36:24,720
Speaker 3: a few months after the feed stopp happening regularly, some Diggers,

712
00:36:24,719 --> 00:36:27,520
Speaker 3: who were baking alongside Ruth and Walt Reynolds, who were

713
00:36:27,600 --> 00:36:31,160
Speaker 3: volunteers at All Saints' Church, turned four hundred pounds of

714
00:36:31,200 --> 00:36:33,200
Speaker 3: flour and a bunch of other ingredients into a whole

715
00:36:33,200 --> 00:36:36,680
Speaker 3: wheat bread, which they distributed to residents of they hate Ashbury.

716
00:36:37,040 --> 00:36:40,080
Speaker 3: The event was super successful, and the Diggers soon opened

717
00:36:40,120 --> 00:36:43,160
Speaker 3: a regular free bakery out of the church. It distributed

718
00:36:43,200 --> 00:36:46,680
Speaker 3: about two hundred loaves each on Wednesdays and Saturdays.

719
00:36:47,239 --> 00:36:47,960
Speaker 2: That's amazing.

720
00:36:48,360 --> 00:36:50,560
Speaker 3: I've been challenged to do an ad break by my

721
00:36:50,719 --> 00:36:55,520
Speaker 3: very charming and clever podcaster friends, but I feel like

722
00:36:55,560 --> 00:36:58,760
Speaker 3: the diggers would just be like, it's free because it's yours.

723
00:36:58,760 --> 00:37:00,560
Speaker 3: So maybe as you listen to these ads, if they're

724
00:37:00,600 --> 00:37:03,120
Speaker 3: for anything that you have to pay for, I don't know,

725
00:37:03,120 --> 00:37:04,520
Speaker 3: maybe you think about how you don't have to pay

726
00:37:04,520 --> 00:37:04,839
Speaker 3: for them.

727
00:37:04,880 --> 00:37:07,160
Speaker 2: You know, yeah, I couldn't.

728
00:37:07,640 --> 00:37:11,960
Speaker 1: As somebody who recently can't eat gluten, and all gluten

729
00:37:12,000 --> 00:37:15,040
Speaker 1: things are more expensive than non gluten things, I think

730
00:37:15,120 --> 00:37:17,080
Speaker 1: non gluten bread should be free too.

731
00:37:18,120 --> 00:37:22,759
Speaker 2: Yeah. Right, this this podcast is brought to you by

732
00:37:23,000 --> 00:37:28,719
Speaker 2: free bread of glutenous and non glutenous varieties. And if

733
00:37:28,760 --> 00:37:31,640
Speaker 2: any other ad creeps in and it's not for something free,

734
00:37:31,800 --> 00:37:40,399
Speaker 2: that was a mistake and we're back. Oh okay, but wait,

735
00:37:40,760 --> 00:37:42,960
Speaker 2: so you're talking about all this. I think what's really

736
00:37:42,960 --> 00:37:45,480
Speaker 2: interesting you talk about how like there was like cross

737
00:37:45,719 --> 00:37:48,520
Speaker 2: they didn't influence the Black Panther's free breakfast program, but

738
00:37:48,560 --> 00:37:51,440
Speaker 2: both were aware of each other, right, yes, yeah, and

739
00:37:52,440 --> 00:37:56,520
Speaker 2: both of them well the feed wasn't, but the both

740
00:37:56,560 --> 00:37:58,560
Speaker 2: were out of churches. And this is the kind of

741
00:37:58,640 --> 00:38:00,720
Speaker 2: thing that I feel like sometimes gets left out of history.

742
00:38:00,880 --> 00:38:05,160
Speaker 2: Is like when when radicals go over it, it's like, no,

743
00:38:05,200 --> 00:38:08,320
Speaker 2: that's actually that, that's not nothing, that's not a meaningless detail,

744
00:38:08,640 --> 00:38:10,680
Speaker 2: you know that. It was totally It was out of

745
00:38:10,680 --> 00:38:13,080
Speaker 2: this church that was like, sure, you all can come

746
00:38:13,640 --> 00:38:16,560
Speaker 2: bake four hundred loaves of bread a week here.

747
00:38:17,760 --> 00:38:20,839
Speaker 3: Totally. Yeah, And I can't remember what kind of church

748
00:38:20,880 --> 00:38:23,200
Speaker 3: it was, but it was some kind of I grew

749
00:38:23,280 --> 00:38:26,319
Speaker 3: up in New York, where there the Protestant population is

750
00:38:26,360 --> 00:38:29,799
Speaker 3: not huge, and growing up, I used to call them

751
00:38:29,960 --> 00:38:33,120
Speaker 3: love your neighbor Protestants.

752
00:38:32,560 --> 00:38:36,120
Speaker 2: So like instead of the Evangelicals or whatever.

753
00:38:36,840 --> 00:38:40,040
Speaker 3: No, but like the you know, social justice oriented like

754
00:38:40,520 --> 00:38:44,600
Speaker 3: really awesome sort of uh, you know, I don't know

755
00:38:44,640 --> 00:38:47,400
Speaker 3: that much about it, but like theologies that are centered

756
00:38:47,400 --> 00:38:51,160
Speaker 3: around liberation of all people's versus like trying to take

757
00:38:51,160 --> 00:38:54,719
Speaker 3: away everyone's right and that. I don't remember exactly what

758
00:38:54,760 --> 00:38:58,000
Speaker 3: the All Saints' Church was, but they were certainly of that.

759
00:38:58,000 --> 00:38:59,839
Speaker 2: That makes sense, yeah, at.

760
00:38:59,800 --> 00:39:03,720
Speaker 3: Least said the time. Yeah. So, but but the kitchen

761
00:39:03,719 --> 00:39:06,480
Speaker 3: and the church didn't have baking trays. So Reynolds had

762
00:39:06,520 --> 00:39:08,680
Speaker 3: this idea that they could use coffee cans to bake

763
00:39:08,719 --> 00:39:13,319
Speaker 3: the bread. Oh and I find this part really interesting

764
00:39:13,400 --> 00:39:15,200
Speaker 3: because even though it seems like it was just a

765
00:39:15,239 --> 00:39:18,680
Speaker 3: practical solution to lack of baking trays, and it probably was,

766
00:39:19,560 --> 00:39:22,080
Speaker 3: it meant that the bread was literally made in packaging

767
00:39:22,120 --> 00:39:24,680
Speaker 3: for a beverage that played an intrinsic part in the

768
00:39:24,760 --> 00:39:29,200
Speaker 3: rise of capitalism, the very capitalism that the Diggers so apused.

769
00:39:30,080 --> 00:39:32,480
Speaker 3: And so I kind of wanted to do a brief

770
00:39:32,640 --> 00:39:33,759
Speaker 3: coffee and capitalism.

771
00:39:33,920 --> 00:39:37,319
Speaker 2: Okay, let's do it as a non coffee drinker. I'm

772
00:39:37,320 --> 00:39:40,239
Speaker 2: gonna feel so good at the end of this, or

773
00:39:40,280 --> 00:39:41,759
Speaker 2: I'm gonna feel really bad. I don't know.

774
00:39:42,280 --> 00:39:44,719
Speaker 3: I feel like neither. I feel like we're all the

775
00:39:44,760 --> 00:39:46,720
Speaker 3: products of history in such complex ways.

776
00:39:47,000 --> 00:39:53,239
Speaker 2: No, I don't do anything literally, she said after introducing ads.

777
00:39:54,040 --> 00:39:57,520
Speaker 3: Anyway, Sorry, go ahead, this is like the one paragraph

778
00:39:57,600 --> 00:39:59,640
Speaker 3: version of like books have been written about this. So

779
00:40:00,560 --> 00:40:03,200
Speaker 3: coffee came to Europe from the Arab world, and it

780
00:40:03,239 --> 00:40:06,400
Speaker 3: caught on in the seventeenth century in like Western Europe,

781
00:40:06,760 --> 00:40:09,759
Speaker 3: it started to replace alcohol as the everyday drink, so

782
00:40:09,800 --> 00:40:12,440
Speaker 3: instead of being slightly drunk all the time, people in

783
00:40:12,480 --> 00:40:15,160
Speaker 3: Europe were caffeinated and able to work longer hours and

784
00:40:15,239 --> 00:40:17,920
Speaker 3: also talk really fast. Coffee houses.

785
00:40:18,239 --> 00:40:20,399
Speaker 2: Yeah.

786
00:40:20,440 --> 00:40:22,000
Speaker 3: Do you like that? I wrote a joke into the

787
00:40:22,040 --> 00:40:24,360
Speaker 3: script because I was like, Sophie and Margaret are so

788
00:40:24,440 --> 00:40:26,759
Speaker 3: good at jokes, I'm gonna have to, like, you know,

789
00:40:27,040 --> 00:40:30,000
Speaker 3: keep up with the Joneses. No, No, it's good, my

790
00:40:30,280 --> 00:40:34,120
Speaker 3: very very cheesy coffee joke. Yeah. Coffee houses became popular

791
00:40:34,160 --> 00:40:37,759
Speaker 3: in London under Cromwell and the London Stock Exchange.

792
00:40:38,840 --> 00:40:41,840
Speaker 2: No, he's a demon. He comes up as is evil

793
00:40:41,920 --> 00:40:45,440
Speaker 2: every single time. I'm like, is there something I don't Yeah,

794
00:40:45,760 --> 00:40:49,799
Speaker 2: just signed Ireland. Well, yeah, anyway, you already do that.

795
00:40:50,080 --> 00:40:55,720
Speaker 3: Anyway I already knew that. Yeah, And he became coffee

796
00:40:55,760 --> 00:40:58,640
Speaker 3: become He didn't become popular in London. Coffee becomes popular

797
00:40:58,680 --> 00:41:01,799
Speaker 3: in London under Cromwell, the London Stock Exchange, and the

798
00:41:01,840 --> 00:41:05,960
Speaker 3: contemporary insurance industry grows out of these coffee Do not

799
00:41:06,080 --> 00:41:08,400
Speaker 3: ask me to tell you more, because I don't remember

800
00:41:08,480 --> 00:41:13,200
Speaker 3: any of it, but fascinating. And Adam Smith literally wrote

801
00:41:13,200 --> 00:41:15,839
Speaker 3: The Wealth of Nations in a coffee house. And then

802
00:41:16,040 --> 00:41:19,440
Speaker 3: during the Industrial Revolution, coffee allowed workers to grind harder

803
00:41:19,480 --> 00:41:22,000
Speaker 3: and for things like night shifts to exist because they

804
00:41:22,000 --> 00:41:25,440
Speaker 3: could drink coffee and stay awake, and the coffee concept

805
00:41:25,480 --> 00:41:28,200
Speaker 3: of The coffee break comes from a factory owner in

806
00:41:28,239 --> 00:41:30,960
Speaker 3: Denver in the nineteen fifties who gave his workers two

807
00:41:31,000 --> 00:41:34,240
Speaker 3: mandatory coffee breaks a day to increase productivity.

808
00:41:34,400 --> 00:41:38,160
Speaker 2: So what you're saying is to be anti capitalist, everyone

809
00:41:38,239 --> 00:41:40,760
Speaker 2: should be drunk all of the time.

810
00:41:43,000 --> 00:41:45,640
Speaker 3: I like how you came to this conclusion. I don't know.

811
00:41:45,719 --> 00:41:47,520
Speaker 3: I'm not going to answer that. This is too big

812
00:41:47,560 --> 00:41:50,080
Speaker 3: of a question. I wout two cuffs of coffee this morning.

813
00:41:50,920 --> 00:41:55,640
Speaker 2: Yeah, No, I'm not actually anti Yeah.

814
00:41:56,080 --> 00:42:00,520
Speaker 3: Do what makes you feel good and stand against oppression everyone.

815
00:42:00,719 --> 00:42:02,920
Speaker 2: Yeah, and you could be awake while you stand against

816
00:42:02,920 --> 00:42:05,160
Speaker 2: a You can be productive in a lot of ways,

817
00:42:05,320 --> 00:42:07,839
Speaker 2: you know, there is good productivity. That is like one

818
00:42:07,840 --> 00:42:11,040
Speaker 2: thing that people are like, Well, I understand all of

819
00:42:11,080 --> 00:42:13,239
Speaker 2: the like, don't work so much. Capitalism wants you to

820
00:42:13,280 --> 00:42:15,439
Speaker 2: work so much. I'm like, but we could also work

821
00:42:15,480 --> 00:42:19,120
Speaker 2: to fight it too. That'll still work, you know.

822
00:42:19,680 --> 00:42:22,200
Speaker 3: Yeah. Anyway, Yeah, and people have different levels of that.

823
00:42:22,320 --> 00:42:22,520
Speaker 2: Yeah.

824
00:42:22,640 --> 00:42:26,040
Speaker 3: I love getting shit done, So I'm I think we're

825
00:42:26,040 --> 00:42:29,360
Speaker 3: on a similar wavelength that way. But yeah, So the

826
00:42:29,400 --> 00:42:32,279
Speaker 3: Diggers baking holy bread and coffee cans really kind of

827
00:42:32,320 --> 00:42:34,680
Speaker 3: in my mind, fits with their whole using the excess

828
00:42:34,680 --> 00:42:39,120
Speaker 3: of capitalism for revolutionary means thing both practically and metaphorically.

829
00:42:39,719 --> 00:42:41,440
Speaker 3: And it also kind of fits with that food as

830
00:42:41,480 --> 00:42:44,160
Speaker 3: the medium thing, right, because bakers and eaters are thinking

831
00:42:44,160 --> 00:42:48,080
Speaker 3: about the relationship between capitalism and food by baking coffee cans.

832
00:42:48,120 --> 00:42:50,000
Speaker 3: I know that this is a stretch, but like so

833
00:42:50,239 --> 00:42:52,279
Speaker 3: much of what they did was a stretch too, like

834
00:42:52,320 --> 00:42:54,320
Speaker 3: trying to convince people of things that I feel okay

835
00:42:54,400 --> 00:42:55,360
Speaker 3: about making this connected.

836
00:42:55,400 --> 00:42:57,120
Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean they literally had people walk through a

837
00:42:57,160 --> 00:43:01,120
Speaker 2: frame of reference before they like, it's fine, it's good,

838
00:43:01,360 --> 00:43:02,080
Speaker 2: even total.

839
00:43:03,480 --> 00:43:05,799
Speaker 3: And then I should also say I have actually not

840
00:43:05,880 --> 00:43:09,040
Speaker 3: tried baking the diggerbread recipe. And it's because now a

841
00:43:09,080 --> 00:43:11,840
Speaker 3: lot of coffee cans are aligned with toxic material. Oh

842
00:43:11,880 --> 00:43:14,160
Speaker 3: there are some that aren't, and you can do research

843
00:43:14,160 --> 00:43:17,359
Speaker 3: into it, but I'm like a very anxious person, and

844
00:43:18,320 --> 00:43:20,719
Speaker 3: I would just like somehow convince myself even if I

845
00:43:20,760 --> 00:43:23,239
Speaker 3: had like completely checked that it was fine with a

846
00:43:23,280 --> 00:43:25,759
Speaker 3: certain coffee can, that it somehow was it. So I

847
00:43:25,800 --> 00:43:29,400
Speaker 3: haven't actually had a chance to make this bread. You

848
00:43:29,440 --> 00:43:31,359
Speaker 3: could also just make it not in a coffee can.

849
00:43:31,960 --> 00:43:34,400
Speaker 3: That's another option. There are recipes out there online.

850
00:43:34,480 --> 00:43:37,319
Speaker 2: Okay, see now, I'm like, but we could make like

851
00:43:37,360 --> 00:43:40,600
Speaker 2: a you could we could make and sell a bespoke

852
00:43:40,719 --> 00:43:43,680
Speaker 2: coffee can that doesn't have anything bad in it. That's

853
00:43:43,719 --> 00:43:44,840
Speaker 2: for making your bread.

854
00:43:45,400 --> 00:43:47,759
Speaker 3: You can buy that. Oh really is okay, But it

855
00:43:47,840 --> 00:43:49,239
Speaker 3: just seemed too far. No.

856
00:43:49,360 --> 00:43:52,279
Speaker 2: Yeah, and also it yah goes against the concept to

857
00:43:52,360 --> 00:43:54,239
Speaker 2: some degree. I mean, I'm not opposed to it. I

858
00:43:54,239 --> 00:43:56,719
Speaker 2: wouldn't be mad at myself. I like kitchen gadgets, like

859
00:43:57,200 --> 00:44:01,560
Speaker 2: totally seen. Yeah. Yeah, anyway, Yeah.

860
00:44:01,280 --> 00:44:04,040
Speaker 3: So these free bakries, but around the Bay. This was

861
00:44:04,080 --> 00:44:06,239
Speaker 3: helped by coverage in the Berkeley Barb, which was an

862
00:44:06,320 --> 00:44:09,680
Speaker 3: underground newspaper that had a circulation of eighty five thousand readers,

863
00:44:09,719 --> 00:44:11,200
Speaker 3: which is huge for an underground Yeah.

864
00:44:11,239 --> 00:44:14,360
Speaker 2: Yes, that's not so underground. That's amazing. Uh huh.

865
00:44:14,440 --> 00:44:17,960
Speaker 3: Yeah. And the Barb covered the free bakers extensively, including

866
00:44:18,040 --> 00:44:21,440
Speaker 3: one that sprang up at the Olem Poly Ranch commune.

867
00:44:21,480 --> 00:44:26,080
Speaker 3: I hope I'm saying that correctly. In one article, journalist

868
00:44:26,200 --> 00:44:28,959
Speaker 3: for the bar Brightes, a bakery owner decided to drop

869
00:44:28,960 --> 00:44:31,440
Speaker 3: out and lay the ovens, mixers, and other accessories on

870
00:44:31,480 --> 00:44:34,040
Speaker 3: the ranch. In turn, the residents of the ranch are

871
00:44:34,040 --> 00:44:37,200
Speaker 3: baking bread and distributing it free throughout the Bay Area,

872
00:44:37,880 --> 00:44:39,560
Speaker 3: and the photo that ran with the article, there are

873
00:44:39,600 --> 00:44:42,560
Speaker 3: topless young people, mostly women, needing bread on a table

874
00:44:42,560 --> 00:44:46,200
Speaker 3: covered with empty coffee cans. This seems like regular Hippi shit,

875
00:44:46,320 --> 00:44:48,720
Speaker 3: but I do want to acknowledge there's this really complex

876
00:44:48,760 --> 00:44:53,080
Speaker 3: intertwining of sexual liberation and the patriarchal male gaze that

877
00:44:53,160 --> 00:44:55,920
Speaker 3: women in the nineteen sixties and seventies communes faced in

878
00:44:55,920 --> 00:44:58,759
Speaker 3: a pretty intense way. So I just want to say that.

879
00:44:59,440 --> 00:45:02,200
Speaker 3: Speaking of photos, there's a pretty amazing one of kids

880
00:45:02,200 --> 00:45:04,360
Speaker 3: cutting into Digger bread at the Free Hueye rally in

881
00:45:04,400 --> 00:45:07,719
Speaker 3: February nineteen sixty eight. The photo was taken by Ruth,

882
00:45:07,760 --> 00:45:11,040
Speaker 3: Mary and Baruch. It was in support of Huey Pan Newton,

883
00:45:11,200 --> 00:45:14,080
Speaker 3: whom in Nault had toured Oakland with, as I mentioned earlier,

884
00:45:14,560 --> 00:45:17,560
Speaker 3: and who was accused of allegedly killing a police officer

885
00:45:17,600 --> 00:45:20,520
Speaker 3: in the midst of defending himself from police violence. And

886
00:45:20,560 --> 00:45:23,720
Speaker 3: based on print materials I've seen, like flyers, it seems

887
00:45:23,719 --> 00:45:25,800
Speaker 3: like at least some of the Diggers were pretty active

888
00:45:25,800 --> 00:45:29,239
Speaker 3: in this free hue campaign, so this continued. Sometimes. I

889
00:45:29,280 --> 00:45:31,560
Speaker 3: think that the relationship between the Diggers, from what I've seen,

890
00:45:31,600 --> 00:45:33,319
Speaker 3: it seems like the relationship between the Diggers and the

891
00:45:33,320 --> 00:45:36,359
Speaker 3: Black Panthers was overstated and a bit of wishful thinking

892
00:45:36,400 --> 00:45:38,959
Speaker 3: on the Digger's part, But there was like actual, real

893
00:45:39,160 --> 00:45:43,440
Speaker 3: tangible solidarity that was happening as well. And then in

894
00:45:43,480 --> 00:45:46,360
Speaker 3: May nineteen sixty eight, Ruth and Walter Reynolds start a

895
00:45:46,360 --> 00:45:49,560
Speaker 3: free bakery at the Resurrection City encampment. Have you heard

896
00:45:49,560 --> 00:45:51,319
Speaker 3: of Resurrection City? No?

897
00:45:52,040 --> 00:45:56,360
Speaker 2: This sounds amazing, So I.

898
00:45:56,160 --> 00:45:58,720
Speaker 3: Hadn't heard about it until I started researching the Digger.

899
00:45:58,960 --> 00:46:04,960
Speaker 2: Chris Christian hippie homeless commune, not exactly, although I was

900
00:46:04,960 --> 00:46:07,800
Speaker 2: just going on the names Resurrection makes me think Christian.

901
00:46:08,760 --> 00:46:11,799
Speaker 3: It was Christian. Yeah, so Resurrection City. It was a

902
00:46:11,840 --> 00:46:14,400
Speaker 3: six week tense city on the National Mall in Washington,

903
00:46:14,480 --> 00:46:16,880
Speaker 3: d C. That was part of the Poor People's Campaign,

904
00:46:17,520 --> 00:46:20,799
Speaker 3: which is a multiracial movement for economic justice that in

905
00:46:20,840 --> 00:46:24,600
Speaker 3: particular brought together to cano black and white Appalachian activists.

906
00:46:25,160 --> 00:46:27,920
Speaker 3: And there's way more to say about Resurrection City than

907
00:46:27,920 --> 00:46:29,680
Speaker 3: I can in this episode. This is another one of

908
00:46:29,680 --> 00:46:33,520
Speaker 3: those you should do an episode about, but here's a

909
00:46:33,560 --> 00:46:36,680
Speaker 3: brief snapshot. The Poor People's Campaign was started by Martin

910
00:46:36,760 --> 00:46:39,600
Speaker 3: Luther King Junior, and other members of the Southern Christian

911
00:46:39,680 --> 00:46:44,399
Speaker 3: Leadership Conference. After King was assassinated in April nineteen sixty eight,

912
00:46:44,880 --> 00:46:48,280
Speaker 3: organizers carried on the campaign and demanded a quote unquote

913
00:46:48,360 --> 00:46:51,319
Speaker 3: economic bill of rights that included a living wage for

914
00:46:51,360 --> 00:46:54,720
Speaker 3: all workers and an adequate income for those unable to work.

915
00:46:55,160 --> 00:46:57,680
Speaker 3: The camp was ultimately evicted on June twenty fourth of

916
00:46:57,719 --> 00:47:00,960
Speaker 3: that year, the day after its permit expire, but it

917
00:47:01,000 --> 00:47:03,600
Speaker 3: did lead to more money for social services, including an

918
00:47:03,640 --> 00:47:06,560
Speaker 3: expansion of the food Stamps program and more funding for

919
00:47:06,640 --> 00:47:09,600
Speaker 3: head Start, as well as free and reduced lunch in

920
00:47:09,600 --> 00:47:15,480
Speaker 3: Mississippi and Alabama, and it was also described by participants

921
00:47:15,520 --> 00:47:19,080
Speaker 3: as practice for living together in a largely collectively run city.

922
00:47:19,600 --> 00:47:21,840
Speaker 3: Residents described it as a city where you didn't have

923
00:47:21,880 --> 00:47:24,840
Speaker 3: to pay taxes and you didn't experience police brutality or

924
00:47:24,840 --> 00:47:30,600
Speaker 3: going to so pretty important stuff there. The free bakery

925
00:47:30,600 --> 00:47:33,399
Speaker 3: at the encampment made fifteen loaves an hour. The brand

926
00:47:33,480 --> 00:47:35,719
Speaker 3: usually came right out of the oven and was immediately

927
00:47:35,760 --> 00:47:38,919
Speaker 3: served to camp residents, As residents usually got only one

928
00:47:39,000 --> 00:47:41,840
Speaker 3: hot meal a day because of funding. Stuff in the kitchen.

929
00:47:42,560 --> 00:47:46,240
Speaker 3: The Southern Christian Leadership Conference camp organizers were really impressed

930
00:47:46,239 --> 00:47:48,240
Speaker 3: by the bakery, and they even moved their own coffee

931
00:47:48,239 --> 00:47:52,800
Speaker 3: shop next door to it. Coffee again, I know, always coffee.

932
00:47:53,120 --> 00:47:55,040
Speaker 3: Now live in a world where we have to stay awake,

933
00:47:55,120 --> 00:47:55,319
Speaker 3: you know.

934
00:47:55,640 --> 00:47:58,560
Speaker 2: Yeah, I'm awake right now.

935
00:47:59,239 --> 00:48:02,239
Speaker 3: I know I'm awake too, But I've also had two

936
00:48:02,280 --> 00:48:04,960
Speaker 3: cups of coffee. And I actually took my ADHD medicine

937
00:48:04,960 --> 00:48:06,680
Speaker 3: today because I was like, this is probably the one

938
00:48:06,719 --> 00:48:08,239
Speaker 3: day we're being really chatty. Is good?

939
00:48:09,120 --> 00:48:12,879
Speaker 2: So this is my socializing for the week.

940
00:48:13,560 --> 00:48:16,320
Speaker 4: Yeah.

941
00:48:16,800 --> 00:48:19,920
Speaker 3: So Digger bread also spread throughout the counterculture and recipe form.

942
00:48:20,040 --> 00:48:22,920
Speaker 3: The recipe was originally distributed as a Digger leaflet entitled

943
00:48:23,040 --> 00:48:25,560
Speaker 3: Free Bread. It included a list of where to buy

944
00:48:25,600 --> 00:48:29,560
Speaker 3: wholesal flower cheaply in the Bay, and instructions for making

945
00:48:29,680 --> 00:48:32,919
Speaker 3: twelve loaves at once. Since they assumed the people using

946
00:48:32,960 --> 00:48:35,920
Speaker 3: the recipe would be doing so to open other free bakeries,

947
00:48:36,560 --> 00:48:40,040
Speaker 3: it also included the stipulation that although anyone was welcome

948
00:48:40,080 --> 00:48:41,960
Speaker 3: to use the recipe, you always had to give the

949
00:48:42,000 --> 00:48:45,759
Speaker 3: bread away for free. Hell yeah, I know, awesome, right,

950
00:48:46,520 --> 00:48:50,000
Speaker 3: But later versions of the recipe don't even mention the

951
00:48:50,000 --> 00:48:53,080
Speaker 3: free bakeries. So there's one that's printed in both the

952
00:48:53,160 --> 00:48:56,880
Speaker 3: underground newspaper Northwest Passage in nineteen sixty nine, and in

953
00:48:56,920 --> 00:48:59,880
Speaker 3: the first ever nineteen seventy issue of Mother Earth News

954
00:49:00,440 --> 00:49:03,600
Speaker 3: that makes no mention of the bakeries and it totally

955
00:49:03,640 --> 00:49:07,520
Speaker 3: relocates the bread just to like the domestic sphere. So

956
00:49:07,600 --> 00:49:10,080
Speaker 3: the head note. Do you know what a head note is? No?

957
00:49:10,440 --> 00:49:13,240
Speaker 2: Wait, is it the main thing that you taste in wine?

958
00:49:15,000 --> 00:49:18,520
Speaker 3: No, it's that little paragraph before a recipe that people

959
00:49:18,600 --> 00:49:19,640
Speaker 3: love to complain about.

960
00:49:20,280 --> 00:49:22,319
Speaker 2: You mean, the eighteen pages of.

961
00:49:22,920 --> 00:49:26,080
Speaker 3: Okay, well that happens on Google because it has to

962
00:49:26,080 --> 00:49:27,920
Speaker 3: do with like Google algorithm.

963
00:49:27,960 --> 00:49:29,719
Speaker 2: It has to do like copyright stuff, right, because you

964
00:49:29,760 --> 00:49:32,640
Speaker 2: can't copyright a recipe, but you can so in order

965
00:49:32,680 --> 00:49:35,359
Speaker 2: to I'm not even mad about it. I just click

966
00:49:35,400 --> 00:49:36,600
Speaker 2: the skipt a recipe thing.

967
00:49:38,280 --> 00:49:40,960
Speaker 3: But headnotes can be really cool in like a formerly,

968
00:49:41,200 --> 00:49:43,239
Speaker 3: you know, when people are thoughtful about them and are yeah,

969
00:49:43,239 --> 00:49:46,960
Speaker 3: fair enough information. Yeah, But this headnote just says, every

970
00:49:47,000 --> 00:49:48,839
Speaker 3: time we make this bread, it's a big hit around

971
00:49:48,880 --> 00:49:51,560
Speaker 3: the house. Have a big hit around your house. And

972
00:49:51,719 --> 00:49:54,440
Speaker 3: in a nineteen seventy one Berkeley Barber article that does

973
00:49:54,560 --> 00:49:58,560
Speaker 3: mention free bakeries, the article says that a small town

974
00:49:58,600 --> 00:50:01,160
Speaker 3: of weed California would be a great place to open one.

975
00:50:01,560 --> 00:50:05,240
Speaker 3: And then it says in fight the local sheriff's deputy

976
00:50:05,320 --> 00:50:07,960
Speaker 3: over for coffee and show him you have nothing to

977
00:50:08,080 --> 00:50:08,480
Speaker 3: Oh my.

978
00:50:08,440 --> 00:50:12,520
Speaker 2: God, it's gone full circle. Oh my god, that's so heartbreaking.

979
00:50:12,640 --> 00:50:15,560
Speaker 2: This is this is the encapsulation of what happened to

980
00:50:15,560 --> 00:50:20,319
Speaker 2: the hippies all in one moment, and it happens with

981
00:50:20,360 --> 00:50:24,480
Speaker 2: any Just you strip away all of the radicals, create

982
00:50:24,560 --> 00:50:27,440
Speaker 2: something new, and then other people strip away the then

983
00:50:27,480 --> 00:50:32,400
Speaker 2: they only take the ephemera, right, because the bread is

984
00:50:32,440 --> 00:50:36,320
Speaker 2: the yeah, the product that is created by a revolutionary process.

985
00:50:36,360 --> 00:50:38,360
Speaker 2: And so then people are like, fuck the revolution, we

986
00:50:38,440 --> 00:50:39,160
Speaker 2: just want the bread.

987
00:50:39,840 --> 00:50:43,520
Speaker 3: Yeah. And now, unless you're looking at the Digger Archive,

988
00:50:43,680 --> 00:50:46,520
Speaker 3: Sight or a few other places that are specifically focused

989
00:50:46,520 --> 00:50:48,319
Speaker 3: on the Diggers, you can like google around for the

990
00:50:48,320 --> 00:50:50,520
Speaker 3: Digger bread recipe and you literally just find it as

991
00:50:50,560 --> 00:50:54,400
Speaker 3: this like fun hippie recipe and it never mentions anything

992
00:50:54,440 --> 00:50:56,879
Speaker 3: more about the Diggers, which is really disappointing.

993
00:50:57,400 --> 00:50:59,760
Speaker 2: Can we put the good version in the show notes?

994
00:51:01,280 --> 00:51:02,920
Speaker 3: Yeah? I think I can. Yeah, I can send it

995
00:51:02,920 --> 00:51:05,560
Speaker 3: to you for sure, with the caveat that This whole

996
00:51:05,600 --> 00:51:07,320
Speaker 3: coffee camp thing makes me really nervous.

997
00:51:08,840 --> 00:51:11,040
Speaker 2: That's a good point. You know what people have to get. Yeah,

998
00:51:11,040 --> 00:51:13,440
Speaker 2: people google yourself. We told you how to find it.

999
00:51:14,160 --> 00:51:17,160
Speaker 3: Do that well, very easy if you just google digger

1000
00:51:17,200 --> 00:51:20,560
Speaker 3: bread recipe. All the recipes themselves are good, they just

1001
00:51:20,600 --> 00:51:24,000
Speaker 3: don't always have information about, right, you know who the

1002
00:51:24,040 --> 00:51:24,760
Speaker 3: diggers were.

1003
00:51:24,760 --> 00:51:27,320
Speaker 2: Which you are providing right now. So consider that you're.

1004
00:51:27,880 --> 00:51:32,759
Speaker 3: Note, Yeah, giant head note to a recipe. Yeah, so

1005
00:51:33,560 --> 00:51:33,839
Speaker 3: you know.

1006
00:51:34,600 --> 00:51:38,720
Speaker 2: This whole transcript. Let's just a head note on it anyway.

1007
00:51:39,040 --> 00:51:42,279
Speaker 3: Sorry, honestly, like there's a lot of writing projects I

1008
00:51:42,280 --> 00:51:44,719
Speaker 3: thought about that would just be something like that, And uh,

1009
00:51:45,800 --> 00:51:48,120
Speaker 3: it's hilarious and also I've spent more time thinking about

1010
00:51:48,120 --> 00:51:51,440
Speaker 3: it than i'd like to. Yeah, fair enough, so to

1011
00:51:51,560 --> 00:51:55,680
Speaker 3: wrap to wrap up our diggers. While free bakries persisted

1012
00:51:55,680 --> 00:51:58,840
Speaker 3: into the seventies, including in other places across the country,

1013
00:51:58,840 --> 00:52:01,839
Speaker 3: and there were digger groups in other places across the country,

1014
00:52:01,960 --> 00:52:04,799
Speaker 3: even though San Francisco was the main place. The San

1015
00:52:04,800 --> 00:52:09,000
Speaker 3: Francisco Diggers disbanded as a recognizable group in nineteen sixty nine,

1016
00:52:09,719 --> 00:52:12,239
Speaker 3: So even though they only existed for three years, they

1017
00:52:12,280 --> 00:52:15,040
Speaker 3: had a really profound impact on food based mutual aid

1018
00:52:15,040 --> 00:52:18,640
Speaker 3: in the United States. The same year they disbanded. In

1019
00:52:18,719 --> 00:52:21,759
Speaker 3: nineteen sixty nine, a group occupied an empty lot that

1020
00:52:21,800 --> 00:52:25,399
Speaker 3: became Berkeley's People's Park, which I know more recently has

1021
00:52:25,440 --> 00:52:30,759
Speaker 3: had some challenges around it. Yeah, and I know that

1022
00:52:30,800 --> 00:52:33,040
Speaker 3: people are like struggling to keep it being a people's park.

1023
00:52:33,520 --> 00:52:35,520
Speaker 3: I don't know what the latest is on that. But

1024
00:52:35,760 --> 00:52:39,160
Speaker 3: at the People's Park, occupants plated a garden and, influenced

1025
00:52:39,200 --> 00:52:42,800
Speaker 3: by the Diggers, shared free community meals, often making stews

1026
00:52:42,880 --> 00:52:46,279
Speaker 3: improvised from whatever people brought that day. The Diggers were

1027
00:52:46,280 --> 00:52:49,560
Speaker 3: also a major inspiration for Food Not Bombs, which you've

1028
00:52:49,560 --> 00:52:52,520
Speaker 3: also done an episode on previously and people should check out.

1029
00:52:53,440 --> 00:52:55,640
Speaker 3: But in case people didn't catch that one, Food Not

1030
00:52:55,760 --> 00:53:00,720
Speaker 3: Bombs is an international decentralized organization that serves free meals

1031
00:53:00,800 --> 00:53:05,160
Speaker 3: primarily from donated and dumpstered ingredients in public places. It

1032
00:53:05,280 --> 00:53:08,640
Speaker 3: started in nineteen eighty as part of the anti nuclear movement,

1033
00:53:09,800 --> 00:53:11,880
Speaker 3: and then in Hawaii there's a group called Eating in

1034
00:53:11,960 --> 00:53:15,600
Speaker 3: Public that holds dinners inspired by the Diggers and gay

1035
00:53:15,719 --> 00:53:18,880
Speaker 3: Channon Adiita Sharma, who founded it, wrote about the project

1036
00:53:19,400 --> 00:53:22,319
Speaker 3: sorry for a plug for an anthology I edited called

1037
00:53:22,400 --> 00:53:25,520
Speaker 3: Nurishing Resistance, but it was just like too perfect of

1038
00:53:25,560 --> 00:53:27,560
Speaker 3: a tie in. I wanted to make sure it made

1039
00:53:27,560 --> 00:53:31,480
Speaker 3: it into this episode, especially because there's this one paragraph that,

1040
00:53:31,600 --> 00:53:35,520
Speaker 3: throughout the entire multi year process of editing this book,

1041
00:53:35,719 --> 00:53:37,960
Speaker 3: would put such a huge smile on my face, Like

1042
00:53:38,000 --> 00:53:40,520
Speaker 3: sometimes when things would get tough with editing, I'd like

1043
00:53:40,560 --> 00:53:42,840
Speaker 3: go read this paragraph to remember why I was doing

1044
00:53:42,880 --> 00:53:45,279
Speaker 3: what I was doing. I want to share it with

1045
00:53:45,320 --> 00:53:49,200
Speaker 3: you as a note to end on. So this is

1046
00:53:49,239 --> 00:53:53,840
Speaker 3: from the article by Chan and Sharma. Diggers dinners have

1047
00:53:53,920 --> 00:53:56,759
Speaker 3: taken place in small settings among friends, as well as

1048
00:53:56,760 --> 00:53:59,960
Speaker 3: in spaces open to all. The events are basically potlock,

1049
00:54:00,200 --> 00:54:03,040
Speaker 3: but with one rule designed to keep capitalist markets at bay.

1050
00:54:03,719 --> 00:54:07,239
Speaker 3: Each participant's contribution must be primarily made from ingredients that

1051
00:54:07,239 --> 00:54:12,200
Speaker 3: they have either grown, hunted, fished, foraged, gleaned, bartered, found,

1052
00:54:12,360 --> 00:54:15,480
Speaker 3: been gifted or stolen. At the start of each dinner,

1053
00:54:15,520 --> 00:54:18,320
Speaker 3: participants are invited to explain the backstory of the ingredient

1054
00:54:18,760 --> 00:54:21,560
Speaker 3: and our largest Diggers dinner. Among the last of the

1055
00:54:21,600 --> 00:54:24,800
Speaker 3: participants to speak was a tiny eighty year old woman

1056
00:54:25,400 --> 00:54:28,000
Speaker 3: stepping up onto a stool to reach the microphone. She

1057
00:54:28,040 --> 00:54:30,640
Speaker 3: began by saying, I read about this in the newspaper

1058
00:54:30,640 --> 00:54:32,840
Speaker 3: and realized I've been waiting for this my whole life.

1059
00:54:32,960 --> 00:54:34,920
Speaker 3: So I went to the store and stole these bananas

1060
00:54:34,920 --> 00:54:35,680
Speaker 3: and these apples.

1061
00:54:36,719 --> 00:54:41,960
Speaker 2: Yeah. No, it's so interesting to me that diggers, because

1062
00:54:42,640 --> 00:54:45,600
Speaker 2: they're obviously the lesser known diggers, right, but there was

1063
00:54:45,680 --> 00:54:47,880
Speaker 2: more of them, and they lasted longer, and they also

1064
00:54:48,080 --> 00:54:52,080
Speaker 2: had more impact the original diggers. I don't think they

1065
00:54:52,120 --> 00:54:55,000
Speaker 2: ever saw a harvest. I don't think they ever actually

1066
00:54:55,960 --> 00:54:58,680
Speaker 2: got any food out of the land. And that's not

1067
00:54:58,719 --> 00:55:00,319
Speaker 2: to say what they didn't. What they did, I mean,

1068
00:55:00,360 --> 00:55:03,680
Speaker 2: what they did was revolutionary, right, the original seventeenth century

1069
00:55:03,680 --> 00:55:07,160
Speaker 2: diggers or whatever, but it but it didn't actually have

1070
00:55:07,200 --> 00:55:10,160
Speaker 2: as much of a material impact on as many people's lives.

1071
00:55:10,320 --> 00:55:11,960
Speaker 2: And so it's just interesting to me that these are

1072
00:55:11,960 --> 00:55:15,799
Speaker 2: the like, the like, lesser known diggers, right, even though

1073
00:55:15,800 --> 00:55:18,680
Speaker 2: they had this like massive impact on culture, but also

1074
00:55:18,800 --> 00:55:21,560
Speaker 2: just directly fed so many people for so long.

1075
00:55:23,000 --> 00:55:25,839
Speaker 3: Totally, that is interesting. And yeah, I'm not entirely sure

1076
00:55:25,880 --> 00:55:29,160
Speaker 3: why that is. I do not that the diggers, really,

1077
00:55:29,280 --> 00:55:34,359
Speaker 3: that San Francisco Diggers really resisted this whole like I'll

1078
00:55:34,400 --> 00:55:36,720
Speaker 3: call it the famous man notion because it's almost always

1079
00:55:36,760 --> 00:55:40,600
Speaker 3: a man. But they were like very resistant to giving interviews,

1080
00:55:40,680 --> 00:55:44,759
Speaker 3: to you know, to identifying themselves as individuals, not in

1081
00:55:44,800 --> 00:55:46,880
Speaker 3: like a hiding their identity way, but they were just

1082
00:55:46,920 --> 00:55:49,919
Speaker 3: like really focused on the collective. And I wonder if

1083
00:55:50,000 --> 00:55:53,879
Speaker 3: not having you know, there's not like a famous digger. Yeah,

1084
00:55:53,920 --> 00:55:56,239
Speaker 3: he's like famous mostly for being a digger in the

1085
00:55:56,239 --> 00:55:58,279
Speaker 3: way that you have with some other movements, and I

1086
00:55:58,280 --> 00:55:59,879
Speaker 3: do wonder if that's part of why they're less.

1087
00:56:00,719 --> 00:56:03,240
Speaker 2: I also think that just like when you get in first,

1088
00:56:03,239 --> 00:56:06,680
Speaker 2: when you're the first the diggers, and also anything you

1089
00:56:06,800 --> 00:56:10,440
Speaker 2: do in like Renaissance era England is going to have

1090
00:56:10,520 --> 00:56:13,759
Speaker 2: more impact on history than like any other time or

1091
00:56:13,840 --> 00:56:19,359
Speaker 2: place to be a person, you know, to like because colonialism, but.

1092
00:56:19,840 --> 00:56:22,799
Speaker 3: Especially within like the anglosphere right where we're reading and

1093
00:56:22,800 --> 00:56:23,520
Speaker 3: writing in English.

1094
00:56:23,640 --> 00:56:29,800
Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, totally, Well, thank you so much. And what's

1095
00:56:29,840 --> 00:56:32,360
Speaker 2: gonna One what are we going to hear about on

1096
00:56:32,360 --> 00:56:37,040
Speaker 2: Wednesday so people can be excited? And two tell us

1097
00:56:37,080 --> 00:56:41,439
Speaker 2: more about you and plug things cool?

1098
00:56:42,000 --> 00:56:44,680
Speaker 3: So we're going to talk about food co ops, which

1099
00:56:44,760 --> 00:56:47,440
Speaker 3: doesn't sound very exciting and wouldn't have sounded very exciting

1100
00:56:47,480 --> 00:56:49,560
Speaker 3: to me before I did research, but I promise you

1101
00:56:49,640 --> 00:56:52,920
Speaker 3: it will be exciting. There are some very cool radical

1102
00:56:53,000 --> 00:56:57,480
Speaker 3: roots that have been pretty intensely covered up with food

1103
00:56:57,480 --> 00:57:01,360
Speaker 3: co ops in this country. And then as far as plugs,

1104
00:57:01,920 --> 00:57:05,560
Speaker 3: I did want to mention that anthology I edited, Nourishing Resistance,

1105
00:57:05,560 --> 00:57:10,319
Speaker 3: which is available from PM Press. It has incredible contributors.

1106
00:57:10,360 --> 00:57:13,120
Speaker 3: People should buy it if you can, or like see

1107
00:57:13,120 --> 00:57:16,240
Speaker 3: if your library has it. And yeah, I recommend reading it,

1108
00:57:16,280 --> 00:57:18,520
Speaker 3: not because I edited it, but because the contributors are

1109
00:57:18,560 --> 00:57:24,120
Speaker 3: so incredible, and specifically two pieces in that the gay

1110
00:57:24,200 --> 00:57:27,600
Speaker 3: Channon Nandida Sharma article that I quoted remaking the Commons

1111
00:57:27,600 --> 00:57:30,440
Speaker 3: a history of eating in Public and then another essay

1112
00:57:30,440 --> 00:57:33,400
Speaker 3: by Madeline Lane McKinley called notes on Utopian Failure and

1113
00:57:33,440 --> 00:57:37,200
Speaker 3: Commune Kitchens, which while it didn't like directly go into

1114
00:57:37,240 --> 00:57:39,880
Speaker 3: my research, it did influence a lot of the background

1115
00:57:40,000 --> 00:57:44,400
Speaker 3: thinking around gender in this era. So yeah, those are

1116
00:57:44,400 --> 00:57:48,120
Speaker 3: my plugs. I exist only on the Instagram at at

1117
00:57:48,160 --> 00:57:51,800
Speaker 3: ren Arai, which is my name. You can follow me there, yay.

1118
00:57:53,680 --> 00:57:56,600
Speaker 2: And that's been part one of Ren explains things to me.

1119
00:57:59,280 --> 00:58:03,840
Speaker 3: We'll be Backdesday Wednesday. Bye.

1120
00:58:05,160 --> 00:58:07,640
Speaker 1: Cool People Who Did Cool Stuff is a production of

1121
00:58:07,680 --> 00:58:10,800
Speaker 1: cool Zone Media. For more podcasts from Cool Zone Media,

1122
00:58:10,960 --> 00:58:14,200
Speaker 1: visit our website coolzonemedia dot com, or check us out

1123
00:58:14,280 --> 00:58:17,640
Speaker 1: on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get

1124
00:58:17,680 --> 00:58:18,520
Speaker 1: your podcasts.