1 00:00:01,080 --> 00:00:04,280 Speaker 1: Welcome to you Stuff you Should Know from House Stuff 2 00:00:04,280 --> 00:00:12,680 Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm 3 00:00:12,760 --> 00:00:16,160 Speaker 1: Josh Clark with Charles W. Chuck Bryant, and there's Jerry 4 00:00:17,400 --> 00:00:20,759 Speaker 1: and there's this Stuff you Should Know Sports the edition Sports. 5 00:00:21,960 --> 00:00:23,959 Speaker 1: I think really we should air on just the side 6 00:00:23,960 --> 00:00:26,720 Speaker 1: of history. Well I even put a note in here 7 00:00:26,920 --> 00:00:29,760 Speaker 1: if you don't like sports, listen to this one anyway. Yeah, 8 00:00:29,920 --> 00:00:33,120 Speaker 1: because this is about much more than baseball. Yeah, this 9 00:00:33,320 --> 00:00:41,000 Speaker 1: is about a history and about overcoming adversity. Yeah, like, 10 00:00:41,080 --> 00:00:45,000 Speaker 1: it's very interesting story because and we'll get into this, 11 00:00:45,080 --> 00:00:48,280 Speaker 1: but I think people tend to think of the negro leagues, 12 00:00:48,360 --> 00:00:51,120 Speaker 1: and that's what this is about, the baseball negro leagues, 13 00:00:51,600 --> 00:00:53,800 Speaker 1: which is what they were called. We don't use that 14 00:00:53,840 --> 00:00:57,040 Speaker 1: word anymore, but you called this that because that's what 15 00:00:57,040 --> 00:01:00,480 Speaker 1: it was. Um ethan to think of it in a 16 00:01:00,520 --> 00:01:05,040 Speaker 1: certain way, which is only Yeah, well, baseball was segregated 17 00:01:05,120 --> 00:01:08,160 Speaker 1: and they couldn't play in the white leagues, and that's awful, 18 00:01:08,319 --> 00:01:12,000 Speaker 1: which it is and was, but there's another side to it. Yeah, Yeah, 19 00:01:12,160 --> 00:01:14,639 Speaker 1: that's a good point where these men and these business 20 00:01:14,680 --> 00:01:17,680 Speaker 1: owners were empowered and uh and the players and yeah, 21 00:01:17,720 --> 00:01:21,679 Speaker 1: and it's yeah, that's just a tease. I just wanted 22 00:01:21,680 --> 00:01:25,480 Speaker 1: to whet their appetite, my appetite. I'm sitting here, like, 23 00:01:25,600 --> 00:01:29,400 Speaker 1: keep going. So I think we should start with a 24 00:01:29,400 --> 00:01:32,880 Speaker 1: little bit of history, right, So just a brief primer 25 00:01:32,920 --> 00:01:36,240 Speaker 1: of American history. We'll start with slavery. It's a good 26 00:01:36,280 --> 00:01:41,400 Speaker 1: place to start. The transit Atlantic slave trade built this country. 27 00:01:41,840 --> 00:01:43,960 Speaker 1: And frankly, I'm just gonna come out and say, I 28 00:01:44,000 --> 00:01:47,480 Speaker 1: think some of the major issues that the United States 29 00:01:47,480 --> 00:01:55,040 Speaker 1: faces today comes from a lack of accountability for slavery. 30 00:01:55,440 --> 00:01:59,800 Speaker 1: Um Really, it's contributing to a lot of the inn 31 00:01:59,800 --> 00:02:01,560 Speaker 1: a quality and a lot of the strife that we 32 00:02:01,600 --> 00:02:04,720 Speaker 1: still face today and have faced over the decades. So 33 00:02:04,920 --> 00:02:08,480 Speaker 1: you've got slavery, and then you had the end of slavery. 34 00:02:08,520 --> 00:02:11,440 Speaker 1: You had the Emancipation Proclamation, which a lot of people say, oh, 35 00:02:11,440 --> 00:02:14,320 Speaker 1: well that was great. Abraham Lincoln spoke some magic words 36 00:02:14,360 --> 00:02:16,720 Speaker 1: and freed the slaves and everything was great. Yeah, it 37 00:02:16,760 --> 00:02:20,200 Speaker 1: was just perfectly equal after that, right. No, So it 38 00:02:20,280 --> 00:02:27,120 Speaker 1: took the the Union to win the Civil War UM two, 39 00:02:27,720 --> 00:02:30,920 Speaker 1: begin to enforce the Emancipation Proclamation in the South and 40 00:02:30,960 --> 00:02:35,400 Speaker 1: in Texas. Apparently Texas were among the last holdouts, and 41 00:02:35,440 --> 00:02:38,120 Speaker 1: there was slavery going on in Texas like years after 42 00:02:38,160 --> 00:02:40,960 Speaker 1: the Civil War was over. Yeah, they were just like, 43 00:02:41,720 --> 00:02:44,760 Speaker 1: he's not going to pay attention to that. So um. 44 00:02:44,800 --> 00:02:48,200 Speaker 1: The Civil Wars fought. The the part of the the 45 00:02:48,320 --> 00:02:50,840 Speaker 1: Union victory of the Civil War was coming into the 46 00:02:50,880 --> 00:02:54,000 Speaker 1: South and saying like, all you Confederate you guys are 47 00:02:54,040 --> 00:02:56,840 Speaker 1: out of power. And as a matter of fact, this 48 00:02:57,040 --> 00:03:00,800 Speaker 1: power vacuum is perfectly willing to be filled by um, 49 00:03:01,000 --> 00:03:05,040 Speaker 1: freed blacks. Uh, so go ahead, run for office, UM, 50 00:03:05,200 --> 00:03:10,040 Speaker 1: become judges, like, become part of the reconstruction power. UM. 51 00:03:10,080 --> 00:03:12,960 Speaker 1: And that lasted for a very very short time. The 52 00:03:13,200 --> 00:03:17,560 Speaker 1: white Southern former power base who were leading the Confederacy 53 00:03:17,680 --> 00:03:19,720 Speaker 1: and even once who weren't necessarily part of like the 54 00:03:19,760 --> 00:03:23,120 Speaker 1: actual Confederate government or even the Confederate Army, which just 55 00:03:23,160 --> 00:03:25,519 Speaker 1: the people like in your town who used to own 56 00:03:25,560 --> 00:03:28,720 Speaker 1: the sawmill or whatever. That guy came back in power 57 00:03:29,000 --> 00:03:32,360 Speaker 1: within a couple of years. And the white Southerners who 58 00:03:32,360 --> 00:03:36,160 Speaker 1: have been supplanted, when they came back into power, they 59 00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:40,000 Speaker 1: remembered the black people who had tried to take their positions, 60 00:03:40,440 --> 00:03:43,480 Speaker 1: and so it got ugly. And so rather than having 61 00:03:43,600 --> 00:03:48,880 Speaker 1: actual legal slavery. It came in other different horrible, pernicious 62 00:03:48,920 --> 00:03:52,320 Speaker 1: forms which came to be called post reconstruction, the Jim 63 00:03:52,360 --> 00:03:55,160 Speaker 1: Crow South. Yeah, and boy, we need to do one. 64 00:03:55,400 --> 00:03:56,960 Speaker 1: I've had it on my list for a while on 65 00:03:57,080 --> 00:04:01,600 Speaker 1: Jim Crow period. Um about this. First of all, where'd 66 00:04:01,600 --> 00:04:04,400 Speaker 1: you get this other good, really good article? It's on 67 00:04:04,720 --> 00:04:10,440 Speaker 1: the Major League Baseball website. Um, in the prehistory section 68 00:04:10,480 --> 00:04:12,120 Speaker 1: of that one. And this is just to show you 69 00:04:12,160 --> 00:04:15,280 Speaker 1: the tone of things. In eight fifty seven, there was 70 00:04:15,320 --> 00:04:21,640 Speaker 1: a Supreme Court Chief Justice, uh Roger Tanney, who, Um, 71 00:04:21,680 --> 00:04:23,400 Speaker 1: it's funny that the way this writer put it, he 72 00:04:23,440 --> 00:04:26,040 Speaker 1: said he's campaigning hard for a spot in the American 73 00:04:26,080 --> 00:04:29,839 Speaker 1: Scum Hall of Fame. Like that's pretty funny. In his 74 00:04:29,920 --> 00:04:32,200 Speaker 1: official writing, this is the Chief Justice of the Supreme 75 00:04:32,240 --> 00:04:36,760 Speaker 1: Court said, uh, Negroes were so far inferior to whites 76 00:04:37,640 --> 00:04:40,000 Speaker 1: that they had no rights which a white man was 77 00:04:40,040 --> 00:04:42,960 Speaker 1: bound to respect. This is the chief Justice of the 78 00:04:43,000 --> 00:04:45,719 Speaker 1: Supreme Court. I think I need to say that like 79 00:04:45,760 --> 00:04:49,120 Speaker 1: four more times before it sinks in. That was two 80 00:04:49,200 --> 00:04:52,080 Speaker 1: or three. This is what was going on despite the 81 00:04:52,120 --> 00:04:55,360 Speaker 1: Emancipation Proclamation, despite the Fourteenth Amendment. Well that was actually 82 00:04:55,400 --> 00:04:57,480 Speaker 1: before it that was before that was during the slave 83 00:04:57,720 --> 00:05:00,279 Speaker 1: the time of slavery. Yeah yeah, yeah, yeah, just to 84 00:05:00,320 --> 00:05:04,960 Speaker 1: excuse that guy. But after after that, despite the amendments 85 00:05:05,040 --> 00:05:07,760 Speaker 1: to the Constitution, despite all of that, it's it took 86 00:05:09,520 --> 00:05:13,560 Speaker 1: to the nineteen sixties to even begin the slightest bit 87 00:05:13,640 --> 00:05:17,800 Speaker 1: of real progress. That's true, not quite true, because the 88 00:05:17,920 --> 00:05:20,760 Speaker 1: history is littered with people who made advancements. They I 89 00:05:20,760 --> 00:05:23,760 Speaker 1: don't want to knock that, but in a systemic manner, 90 00:05:24,480 --> 00:05:27,280 Speaker 1: you're you're right, it wasn't until the sixties. But part 91 00:05:27,279 --> 00:05:31,120 Speaker 1: of the problem too was and this is a valid point. Uh. 92 00:05:31,880 --> 00:05:35,320 Speaker 1: Other courts had said, like those is justice. Henry Billings 93 00:05:35,320 --> 00:05:40,400 Speaker 1: Brown said legislation is powerless to eradicate racial uh instincts 94 00:05:40,480 --> 00:05:45,720 Speaker 1: or to abolish distinctions based upon physical differences. Basically, what 95 00:05:45,760 --> 00:05:48,480 Speaker 1: he's saying is like, we can create laws, but you're 96 00:05:48,480 --> 00:05:51,560 Speaker 1: not going to change public's mind by creating laws. You 97 00:05:51,640 --> 00:05:56,560 Speaker 1: can't like abolish present prejudice. And so if white people 98 00:05:56,640 --> 00:05:59,360 Speaker 1: think that black people are inferior to him, who are 99 00:05:59,400 --> 00:06:03,479 Speaker 1: we the ever meant to say otherwise to try maybe 100 00:06:03,520 --> 00:06:06,400 Speaker 1: and legislate our way out of it. Even so, and 101 00:06:06,560 --> 00:06:09,360 Speaker 1: I think eighteen ninety six there was a court case 102 00:06:09,400 --> 00:06:13,239 Speaker 1: called plus e versus Ferguson, and in plus e versus Ferguson, 103 00:06:13,279 --> 00:06:19,080 Speaker 1: the Supreme Court upheld and legitimized and actually made UM 104 00:06:19,320 --> 00:06:23,640 Speaker 1: real the segregation that had already been going on UM 105 00:06:23,680 --> 00:06:27,040 Speaker 1: ever since reconstruction, or ever since the end of reconstruction, 106 00:06:27,120 --> 00:06:32,000 Speaker 1: the beginning of Jim Crow laws. Right, So, the United 107 00:06:32,000 --> 00:06:37,120 Speaker 1: States was officially segregated in eight but baseball had actually 108 00:06:37,120 --> 00:06:42,320 Speaker 1: segregated years before that, but not as far back as 109 00:06:42,360 --> 00:06:45,359 Speaker 1: people think, And a lot of people think that baseball 110 00:06:46,240 --> 00:06:49,880 Speaker 1: had always been segregated up until nineteen forty six. I 111 00:06:49,880 --> 00:06:53,599 Speaker 1: think Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier. I think people 112 00:06:53,680 --> 00:06:56,560 Speaker 1: think that Jackie Robinson was the first black American to 113 00:06:56,600 --> 00:07:00,800 Speaker 1: play baseball, including me until yesterday when we started. Yeah, oh, 114 00:07:00,839 --> 00:07:02,960 Speaker 1: did you know this already? Yeah? I mean I'm a 115 00:07:02,960 --> 00:07:05,240 Speaker 1: big baseball fan and a bit of a student of 116 00:07:05,279 --> 00:07:10,840 Speaker 1: its history, so I knew. Okay, So tell him, Chuck Well, uh, 117 00:07:11,280 --> 00:07:14,320 Speaker 1: who the guys were specifically? Well? Yeah, so in eighteen 118 00:07:14,440 --> 00:07:16,880 Speaker 1: sixty seven, I think, two years after the Civil War, 119 00:07:17,400 --> 00:07:20,400 Speaker 1: there was already baseball. Remember Avner double Day created baseball 120 00:07:20,960 --> 00:07:25,520 Speaker 1: eighteen thirty nine, and that's but that's a legitimate story, right, 121 00:07:25,560 --> 00:07:28,680 Speaker 1: that's not like he really did. He was the inventor 122 00:07:28,720 --> 00:07:31,160 Speaker 1: of baseball and it did happen in Cooperstown, New York 123 00:07:31,200 --> 00:07:33,440 Speaker 1: and all that, right, Yeah, Okay, I don't know, but 124 00:07:33,680 --> 00:07:36,520 Speaker 1: it was he in Cooperstown. Well that makes sense. So 125 00:07:36,920 --> 00:07:40,240 Speaker 1: within uh, just a couple of decades there was the 126 00:07:40,360 --> 00:07:45,320 Speaker 1: National Association of Baseball Players. They were the league, right, yeah, 127 00:07:45,360 --> 00:07:47,120 Speaker 1: I mean not within a couple of decades. A couple 128 00:07:47,120 --> 00:07:49,960 Speaker 1: of years. Yeah, like literally two years after the end 129 00:07:50,000 --> 00:07:54,920 Speaker 1: of the Civil War. That was an African American team 130 00:07:54,920 --> 00:07:57,640 Speaker 1: called I actually don't know what their name was, but 131 00:07:57,640 --> 00:08:00,480 Speaker 1: they were out of Philadelphia and they we want to 132 00:08:00,560 --> 00:08:03,720 Speaker 1: join your league, which was the National Association of Baseball 133 00:08:03,720 --> 00:08:06,440 Speaker 1: Players at the time, and they were rejected as a 134 00:08:06,480 --> 00:08:10,720 Speaker 1: team of course at the time. And uh, but that 135 00:08:10,760 --> 00:08:14,880 Speaker 1: didn't mean that there were not players individually. That's a 136 00:08:15,000 --> 00:08:17,240 Speaker 1: huge caveat. Yeah, it was a little bit later in 137 00:08:17,880 --> 00:08:21,960 Speaker 1: six finally and not for too long. We had two brothers, 138 00:08:22,640 --> 00:08:27,760 Speaker 1: h Moses Fleetwood Walker and well day Walker and uh 139 00:08:28,000 --> 00:08:32,880 Speaker 1: mostly they played for the Toledo Blue Stuff. That's right, baby, 140 00:08:33,320 --> 00:08:37,800 Speaker 1: my hometown integrated baseball team in the eighties. You were 141 00:08:37,840 --> 00:08:42,319 Speaker 1: totally right, Uh, Moses was he was older. He played 142 00:08:42,360 --> 00:08:45,160 Speaker 1: forty two games for the team. Well, they only came 143 00:08:45,200 --> 00:08:48,440 Speaker 1: along and played in six games. Moses hit two sixty 144 00:08:48,480 --> 00:08:51,000 Speaker 1: three that season. Uh. And they were the son of 145 00:08:51,000 --> 00:08:56,080 Speaker 1: a physician, like the first black physician in Toledo, and 146 00:08:56,320 --> 00:09:00,080 Speaker 1: um went to college played baseball at ober Only and 147 00:09:00,120 --> 00:09:05,320 Speaker 1: then Michigan. So I know the Wolverines. I didn't know 148 00:09:05,360 --> 00:09:09,200 Speaker 1: Oberlin even had sports. Well, this is the nineteenth century. 149 00:09:09,240 --> 00:09:11,520 Speaker 1: I think they phased the mount fased the Mountain favor 150 00:09:11,559 --> 00:09:15,679 Speaker 1: of debate, acoustic guitars and debate. I know a lot 151 00:09:15,679 --> 00:09:18,520 Speaker 1: of people that went to Oberlin weirdly really well, my 152 00:09:18,520 --> 00:09:21,360 Speaker 1: good friend Robert Shahadi from Boston that you met, that 153 00:09:21,440 --> 00:09:26,600 Speaker 1: came to our show, Uh, Lucy waynewright to Oberlin. David 154 00:09:26,640 --> 00:09:30,320 Speaker 1: Reese really went to Oberlin. And I feel like a 155 00:09:30,360 --> 00:09:33,160 Speaker 1: couple of other people. Yeah, it's got a nice reputation. Yeah, 156 00:09:33,840 --> 00:09:39,200 Speaker 1: great name too. It sounds ivy league, Yeah, Oberlin the 157 00:09:39,280 --> 00:09:44,679 Speaker 1: sound of quality. Oberlin sounds ivy league ish. That's on 158 00:09:44,720 --> 00:09:48,240 Speaker 1: their t shirts. Although we do need to give a 159 00:09:48,240 --> 00:09:50,720 Speaker 1: shout out. There was one guy in eighteen seventy nine, 160 00:09:50,800 --> 00:09:55,560 Speaker 1: William Edward White, who substituted and played one game. Who 161 00:09:55,600 --> 00:09:58,640 Speaker 1: was officially and this is a little murky history wise, 162 00:09:58,679 --> 00:10:00,880 Speaker 1: because we don't know much about him him or how 163 00:10:00,880 --> 00:10:04,040 Speaker 1: it happened. But supposedly he played one game as a 164 00:10:04,040 --> 00:10:06,600 Speaker 1: professional baseball player as a black man. Is that right? 165 00:10:07,080 --> 00:10:11,080 Speaker 1: And this is when? Okay, So the Walker brothers are 166 00:10:11,080 --> 00:10:15,840 Speaker 1: playing for Toledo in eighteen eighty six, right, And actually 167 00:10:15,880 --> 00:10:18,839 Speaker 1: this article on how stuff works gets it wrong. Says that, um, 168 00:10:18,840 --> 00:10:21,040 Speaker 1: they just played for the team for one year before 169 00:10:21,080 --> 00:10:24,120 Speaker 1: the team went under. Um, that's not the case. As 170 00:10:24,120 --> 00:10:27,200 Speaker 1: a matter of fact, the Moses Walker they may have 171 00:10:27,280 --> 00:10:30,040 Speaker 1: only played together on the team for that one year. 172 00:10:30,440 --> 00:10:34,000 Speaker 1: Moses Walker had played for years before them. And actually 173 00:10:34,040 --> 00:10:37,920 Speaker 1: Moses Walker and um, there were several other players at 174 00:10:37,960 --> 00:10:40,360 Speaker 1: the time in eight and eighties seven, there at least 175 00:10:40,440 --> 00:10:43,800 Speaker 1: four black players in the Miners. But the Walker brothers 176 00:10:43,800 --> 00:10:48,440 Speaker 1: were playing for Toledo, which was a major league team. Right, Um, 177 00:10:48,520 --> 00:10:51,880 Speaker 1: But the presence of Moses Walker actually brought to the 178 00:10:51,960 --> 00:10:56,680 Speaker 1: four this kind of simmering resentment, Um, and kind of 179 00:10:56,360 --> 00:10:59,800 Speaker 1: the big elephant in the room. There's a black guy 180 00:10:59,840 --> 00:11:03,200 Speaker 1: in your team. What are you guys doing? And so 181 00:11:03,280 --> 00:11:06,640 Speaker 1: Toledo actually went to go play the White Sox in Chicago, 182 00:11:07,120 --> 00:11:10,760 Speaker 1: and the White Sox had this like they're great player 183 00:11:11,120 --> 00:11:15,080 Speaker 1: of of that season I think in eight four cap 184 00:11:15,120 --> 00:11:19,720 Speaker 1: Anson great nicknames back then. So cap Anson said he 185 00:11:19,760 --> 00:11:23,160 Speaker 1: said some horrible things and ultimately was like, I'm not 186 00:11:23,280 --> 00:11:28,040 Speaker 1: playing if Batman's on the field, and um, Moses Walker 187 00:11:28,120 --> 00:11:30,280 Speaker 1: was actually injured and still was like, oh, well, I'm 188 00:11:30,320 --> 00:11:33,360 Speaker 1: definitely going on the field today anyway, So he dressed 189 00:11:33,400 --> 00:11:35,600 Speaker 1: out and um, I'm not sure if he actually played 190 00:11:35,600 --> 00:11:37,440 Speaker 1: in the game, but he was like part of the 191 00:11:37,440 --> 00:11:42,320 Speaker 1: team and cap Anson was not indulged. Toledo was like, 192 00:11:42,360 --> 00:11:44,480 Speaker 1: we're not taking our guy out. He's one of our players. 193 00:11:44,520 --> 00:11:46,960 Speaker 1: So cap Anson can go suck an egg. And cap 194 00:11:47,000 --> 00:11:49,000 Speaker 1: Anson went and sucked an egg. He was really mad. 195 00:11:49,480 --> 00:11:54,240 Speaker 1: But um, the the issue that day, that dispute at 196 00:11:54,280 --> 00:11:58,160 Speaker 1: Comiskey Field, UM brought to the four that the the 197 00:11:58,320 --> 00:12:04,320 Speaker 1: concept of integrade and ultimately segregation among Major League Baseball teams, 198 00:12:04,320 --> 00:12:07,839 Speaker 1: and it actually increased the pressure among owners and managers 199 00:12:08,160 --> 00:12:11,280 Speaker 1: to to get rid of the black players, not just 200 00:12:11,360 --> 00:12:14,240 Speaker 1: in the majors, but in the minors. There was another 201 00:12:14,240 --> 00:12:17,560 Speaker 1: player too, I read another story about and we'll we'll 202 00:12:17,559 --> 00:12:21,080 Speaker 1: get to Roy Campanella. He was a he was better 203 00:12:21,080 --> 00:12:24,360 Speaker 1: than Jackie Robinson at the time, a catcher who was 204 00:12:24,440 --> 00:12:28,079 Speaker 1: just amazing Hall of Famer, and he had ah there 205 00:12:28,120 --> 00:12:30,920 Speaker 1: was a white picture. It was like, you know, he 206 00:12:30,960 --> 00:12:32,680 Speaker 1: was a great catcher, but I didn't want to play 207 00:12:32,720 --> 00:12:35,040 Speaker 1: with him, so I would when I pitched to him, 208 00:12:35,080 --> 00:12:38,440 Speaker 1: I would just ignore his signs and through whatever I want, like, 209 00:12:38,600 --> 00:12:43,840 Speaker 1: to his own detriment and to the team's detriment. He uh, 210 00:12:44,080 --> 00:12:49,760 Speaker 1: he just wouldn't take the signs. Career sabotage essentially. I 211 00:12:49,760 --> 00:12:52,439 Speaker 1: don't think he lasted long either. And Campanella's in the 212 00:12:52,480 --> 00:12:55,600 Speaker 1: Hall of Fame, So write the other guy who knows. 213 00:12:56,520 --> 00:12:59,040 Speaker 1: I want to give these names all out though. The 214 00:12:59,080 --> 00:13:01,720 Speaker 1: four black men in the Miners in eighteen sixty six, 215 00:13:01,800 --> 00:13:05,560 Speaker 1: besides Moses Walker, we had Bud Fowler, Frank Grant, and 216 00:13:05,600 --> 00:13:08,640 Speaker 1: George Stovey. And as far as I'm concerned, all these 217 00:13:08,720 --> 00:13:14,000 Speaker 1: dudes are American heroes. So um, all of a sudden, 218 00:13:15,200 --> 00:13:19,280 Speaker 1: they succumbed to pressure in eighteen ninety after hate mail 219 00:13:19,400 --> 00:13:23,520 Speaker 1: and death threats to the coaches and managers and umpires 220 00:13:23,559 --> 00:13:27,280 Speaker 1: and uh, you know, basically everybody, the players themselves, and 221 00:13:27,320 --> 00:13:29,280 Speaker 1: they said, you know what, we're going to shut it 222 00:13:29,320 --> 00:13:33,319 Speaker 1: down as officially in eighteen ninety, we can no longer 223 00:13:33,400 --> 00:13:36,200 Speaker 1: have any black men in our league. So here's the thing. 224 00:13:36,600 --> 00:13:39,880 Speaker 1: They never officially did that. They had the minor league 225 00:13:39,920 --> 00:13:44,600 Speaker 1: band black players way into the major well, and it 226 00:13:44,679 --> 00:13:46,960 Speaker 1: was never on the rule books either. It was it 227 00:13:47,000 --> 00:13:51,760 Speaker 1: was an unofficial, non gentleman's agreement because which actually when 228 00:13:51,800 --> 00:13:54,800 Speaker 1: it was broken, it wasn't like a rule was broken. 229 00:13:55,480 --> 00:13:59,199 Speaker 1: It was just an unwritten rule, right exactly, which paved 230 00:13:59,240 --> 00:14:02,520 Speaker 1: the way for answer Ricky to break that unbroken rule 231 00:14:02,559 --> 00:14:06,240 Speaker 1: without actually breaking a rule. Yes, yeah, good point, Chuck, 232 00:14:06,520 --> 00:14:09,200 Speaker 1: you want to take a break. Uh yeah, let's do 233 00:14:09,240 --> 00:14:37,000 Speaker 1: it all right, man. So eighteen ninety, it's now there 234 00:14:37,000 --> 00:14:41,120 Speaker 1: are there are no black players resegregated in Major league 235 00:14:41,120 --> 00:14:45,480 Speaker 1: baseball or minor league baseball in America, right, that's right. 236 00:14:45,840 --> 00:14:48,000 Speaker 1: That actually paved the way for one of the great 237 00:14:48,080 --> 00:14:51,000 Speaker 1: unsung chapters in baseball history, which was the creation of 238 00:14:51,040 --> 00:14:54,040 Speaker 1: the Negro leagues. Yeah, in a in a true show 239 00:14:54,320 --> 00:14:59,920 Speaker 1: of American spirit and determination, and I just love the 240 00:15:00,040 --> 00:15:04,280 Speaker 1: the game. Uh. These uh, these men got together, they 241 00:15:04,320 --> 00:15:07,800 Speaker 1: formed their own teams, and they did what's called barnstorming, 242 00:15:08,200 --> 00:15:10,680 Speaker 1: which is pretty awesome. They would load up in cars 243 00:15:10,680 --> 00:15:12,200 Speaker 1: on a bus and they would go from town to 244 00:15:12,200 --> 00:15:14,240 Speaker 1: town and take their show on the road and they 245 00:15:14,280 --> 00:15:17,240 Speaker 1: would get a game up wherever they could and wherever 246 00:15:17,360 --> 00:15:20,000 Speaker 1: people would pay a couple of pennies to come watch 247 00:15:20,000 --> 00:15:23,160 Speaker 1: a baseball game. Um, they were playing white players and 248 00:15:23,240 --> 00:15:26,920 Speaker 1: these barn storming games or black players or Latino players. 249 00:15:27,760 --> 00:15:30,720 Speaker 1: Uh yeah, because that's a definite overlook segment of the 250 00:15:30,800 --> 00:15:34,040 Speaker 1: early baseball history, or Latino players. And one of the 251 00:15:34,080 --> 00:15:36,560 Speaker 1: cool things about the Negro leagues is they were integrated. 252 00:15:36,600 --> 00:15:40,000 Speaker 1: They had they had Latino teams like the Cuban Kings 253 00:15:40,040 --> 00:15:42,240 Speaker 1: out of New York, I believe, and one white guy. 254 00:15:42,400 --> 00:15:44,840 Speaker 1: All right, so barn storming is going on. Like I said, 255 00:15:44,880 --> 00:15:46,800 Speaker 1: they would roll into town, they would play whatever teams 256 00:15:46,800 --> 00:15:50,600 Speaker 1: they could play, and uh, it started to gain some momentum, 257 00:15:50,680 --> 00:15:54,560 Speaker 1: Like people started to follow these players. They actually got fans. 258 00:15:55,040 --> 00:15:58,520 Speaker 1: And there was a former player named Andrew Rube Foster 259 00:15:59,040 --> 00:16:01,560 Speaker 1: who owned to those teams, and he said, you know what, 260 00:16:02,880 --> 00:16:05,800 Speaker 1: I think we need our own league. They won't let 261 00:16:05,880 --> 00:16:08,760 Speaker 1: us in their league. Let's start around because besides the 262 00:16:08,800 --> 00:16:13,200 Speaker 1: fact that people want it, there's money to be made here. Yeah. 263 00:16:13,320 --> 00:16:15,720 Speaker 1: And as a matter of fact, So this barn storming thing, 264 00:16:15,760 --> 00:16:18,360 Speaker 1: I want to talk a little more about that, right, Um, 265 00:16:18,440 --> 00:16:21,120 Speaker 1: one of the reasons barnes storming came about was to 266 00:16:21,200 --> 00:16:24,240 Speaker 1: make ends meet, but it was also because these teams 267 00:16:24,320 --> 00:16:27,200 Speaker 1: had to figure out a way to put on games 268 00:16:27,200 --> 00:16:30,160 Speaker 1: as cheaply as possible. All of the stadiums at the 269 00:16:30,200 --> 00:16:33,120 Speaker 1: time were owned by whites, and the whites apparently were 270 00:16:33,200 --> 00:16:36,440 Speaker 1: not very friendly to the idea of black black teams 271 00:16:37,040 --> 00:16:40,160 Speaker 1: playing in their their fields. So if it were just 272 00:16:40,240 --> 00:16:44,760 Speaker 1: like black teams playing one another, the white owners of 273 00:16:44,800 --> 00:16:47,440 Speaker 1: the fields are just charged and exorbitant amounts. These guys 274 00:16:47,480 --> 00:16:50,480 Speaker 1: were going basically anywhere they could find a place that 275 00:16:50,520 --> 00:16:52,400 Speaker 1: would stand still long enough for them to play a 276 00:16:52,440 --> 00:16:55,080 Speaker 1: baseball game on. That's what they would play. And they 277 00:16:55,320 --> 00:16:59,200 Speaker 1: play like three games a day every day. And they 278 00:16:59,320 --> 00:17:02,360 Speaker 1: all traveled together and like um, hung out with one 279 00:17:02,360 --> 00:17:05,440 Speaker 1: another and spent a lot of time together. So like that, 280 00:17:05,600 --> 00:17:10,359 Speaker 1: the Negro leagues came out of this um kind of 281 00:17:10,480 --> 00:17:15,600 Speaker 1: camaraderie of barn storming together, which is pretty awesome. So yeah, 282 00:17:15,600 --> 00:17:20,640 Speaker 1: this guy, Rube Foster, he owned the UM Chicago American Giants, 283 00:17:20,960 --> 00:17:24,200 Speaker 1: And confusingly, there was also another Negro team called the 284 00:17:24,280 --> 00:17:28,480 Speaker 1: Chicago Giants into St. Louis Giants. Yeah, yeah, but like 285 00:17:29,200 --> 00:17:32,639 Speaker 1: versus Chicago. But if it was Chicago versus Chicago, well 286 00:17:32,680 --> 00:17:36,040 Speaker 1: which one the Giants? Well, which one the American Giants? Okay, 287 00:17:36,160 --> 00:17:38,720 Speaker 1: now I understand not just the Giants, but Rube Foster 288 00:17:38,840 --> 00:17:44,919 Speaker 1: was like this, this booster of boundless enthusiasm. This guy 289 00:17:44,960 --> 00:17:49,960 Speaker 1: literally put together the first real Negro league, and when 290 00:17:50,040 --> 00:17:54,120 Speaker 1: he was basically removed from it, the whole the whole 291 00:17:54,119 --> 00:17:56,200 Speaker 1: thing fell apart. That's how how much of a driver 292 00:17:56,359 --> 00:17:58,280 Speaker 1: this guy was. Yeah, he's in the Hall of Fame too. 293 00:17:58,359 --> 00:18:01,760 Speaker 1: Yeah he was a catcher, I think. Uh. Oh, I 294 00:18:01,760 --> 00:18:03,320 Speaker 1: don't even think he was in as a player, but 295 00:18:03,640 --> 00:18:07,720 Speaker 1: he was. Yeah, I think just for his achievement. Um, 296 00:18:07,760 --> 00:18:09,639 Speaker 1: although it may have been both, I don't know. But 297 00:18:09,920 --> 00:18:11,840 Speaker 1: in nineteen he said, all right, here's what we'll do. 298 00:18:11,920 --> 00:18:15,879 Speaker 1: Let me get these seven team owners of the Midwestern 299 00:18:15,960 --> 00:18:20,760 Speaker 1: League that are doing these you know, barnstorming traveling shows. Basically, 300 00:18:21,240 --> 00:18:24,800 Speaker 1: let's get together in Kansas City, seven all black teams. Uh. 301 00:18:24,880 --> 00:18:27,800 Speaker 1: In addition to those two Chicago Giants, we have the 302 00:18:27,800 --> 00:18:32,320 Speaker 1: Cuban Stars, the Dayton Marco's, the Indianapolis abc S, and 303 00:18:32,400 --> 00:18:35,800 Speaker 1: the very famous Kansas City Monarchs and St. Louis Giants 304 00:18:36,560 --> 00:18:39,080 Speaker 1: all and this is the really like great thing about 305 00:18:39,080 --> 00:18:42,359 Speaker 1: the story. All of these teams except for the Monarchs 306 00:18:42,359 --> 00:18:45,600 Speaker 1: were black owned teams. Right. So, so not only do 307 00:18:45,640 --> 00:18:50,520 Speaker 1: you have black players careers developing, yeah, you have like 308 00:18:50,600 --> 00:18:54,600 Speaker 1: black enterprise developing in a in a time when there 309 00:18:54,600 --> 00:18:58,600 Speaker 1: were very few avenues of opportunity for black people to 310 00:18:58,680 --> 00:19:02,120 Speaker 1: advance in business. Yeah, and in a sense where they 311 00:19:02,200 --> 00:19:04,520 Speaker 1: own the business. This is a really good way to 312 00:19:04,520 --> 00:19:07,920 Speaker 1: do it. Yeah. And not only that, like the Major 313 00:19:07,960 --> 00:19:12,480 Speaker 1: League Baseball site points out, like this was like it 314 00:19:12,480 --> 00:19:14,560 Speaker 1: should be embraced in some ways because this at a 315 00:19:14,600 --> 00:19:17,679 Speaker 1: time was the only one of the only ways that 316 00:19:17,840 --> 00:19:23,800 Speaker 1: minorities could fully like excel to their fullest potential. And yeah, 317 00:19:23,840 --> 00:19:26,240 Speaker 1: and that was a point of that article that I 318 00:19:26,280 --> 00:19:28,840 Speaker 1: thought was pretty cool, is that one of the one 319 00:19:28,880 --> 00:19:31,600 Speaker 1: of the things they lamented about the segregation of baseball 320 00:19:31,680 --> 00:19:36,000 Speaker 1: during this time, um, is that we'll never know how 321 00:19:36,160 --> 00:19:39,879 Speaker 1: Babe Ruth would have stood up against Sachel Page pitching 322 00:19:39,880 --> 00:19:42,280 Speaker 1: to them because they never got to play each other. 323 00:19:42,960 --> 00:19:46,679 Speaker 1: So the truly great players are truly great during this 324 00:19:46,840 --> 00:19:51,160 Speaker 1: time within their own skin color. You know, you can't 325 00:19:51,160 --> 00:19:53,880 Speaker 1: say they were the greatest in baseball because they were 326 00:19:53,920 --> 00:19:57,600 Speaker 1: too legitimate, um parallel leagues going on at the time. 327 00:19:57,600 --> 00:20:00,240 Speaker 1: And yeah, they played each other sometimes, but if you 328 00:20:00,280 --> 00:20:02,960 Speaker 1: wanted to sit down and put stats against stats, you'd 329 00:20:03,000 --> 00:20:07,200 Speaker 1: be very hard pressed to do that. Uh sure, Thy Cobb, 330 00:20:07,320 --> 00:20:11,760 Speaker 1: Babe Ruth Christie Mathison, Like, we know they were good, 331 00:20:12,359 --> 00:20:15,119 Speaker 1: Like we're not knocking their talent, but who knows what 332 00:20:15,200 --> 00:20:17,600 Speaker 1: it would have been like in a truly integrated league. Yeah, 333 00:20:17,600 --> 00:20:19,680 Speaker 1: And actually it's funny to bring up thy Cobb because 334 00:20:19,720 --> 00:20:21,680 Speaker 1: I was like, oh, yeah, Ty Cobb was a huge racist. 335 00:20:21,720 --> 00:20:23,960 Speaker 1: I wonder what he thought about the Negro leagues. And 336 00:20:24,000 --> 00:20:26,560 Speaker 1: I looked it up and I found an article from 337 00:20:26,600 --> 00:20:30,000 Speaker 1: a guy who argues that Ty Cobb was not the um, 338 00:20:30,040 --> 00:20:32,760 Speaker 1: the horrible racist that he's made out to be these days, 339 00:20:32,800 --> 00:20:36,000 Speaker 1: written by Jimmy Cobb. There he found, well, he actually 340 00:20:36,080 --> 00:20:38,600 Speaker 1: did cite his son, and I think his son's name 341 00:20:38,760 --> 00:20:42,720 Speaker 1: might be jim Really. Yeah. Um, But the guy found 342 00:20:42,720 --> 00:20:46,520 Speaker 1: an article from maybe the fifties or something, nineteen fifty 343 00:20:46,560 --> 00:20:50,280 Speaker 1: two where Ty Cobb is quoted at length coming out 344 00:20:50,320 --> 00:20:55,119 Speaker 1: in favor of UM integration in baseball, Yeah, saying, like 345 00:20:55,160 --> 00:20:57,080 Speaker 1: of course these guys should play as long as you 346 00:20:57,119 --> 00:21:01,239 Speaker 1: know they conduct themselves like, uh, professor and old baseball players, like, 347 00:21:01,280 --> 00:21:03,320 Speaker 1: why would they not be able to play? I'm totally 348 00:21:03,320 --> 00:21:06,560 Speaker 1: in favor of it. Interesting, like, did Ty Cobbs say this? 349 00:21:06,800 --> 00:21:11,160 Speaker 1: I think that bears more research. Yeah, you know, because 350 00:21:11,160 --> 00:21:14,600 Speaker 1: he was supposedly very racist. Yeah, that's not what this 351 00:21:14,640 --> 00:21:17,000 Speaker 1: guy says. All right, well I'm gonna look at that. 352 00:21:17,000 --> 00:21:21,280 Speaker 1: That's not what his son says. I'm not doubting you, 353 00:21:21,320 --> 00:21:22,960 Speaker 1: of course, I just wanted to know I'm with you. 354 00:21:23,240 --> 00:21:25,879 Speaker 1: I understand. Uh. So we talked about the integration of 355 00:21:25,920 --> 00:21:29,320 Speaker 1: the Negro leagues, which was awesome. Pretty soon other leagues 356 00:21:29,600 --> 00:21:32,639 Speaker 1: for him, not just teams. There was one right here 357 00:21:32,640 --> 00:21:35,640 Speaker 1: in the South, the Negro Southern League, with teams from 358 00:21:35,840 --> 00:21:39,040 Speaker 1: right here in Atlanta. Dude, do you know the Atlanta 359 00:21:39,080 --> 00:21:42,520 Speaker 1: team played directly across the street constantly on Park. Yeah, 360 00:21:42,520 --> 00:21:44,879 Speaker 1: where there's now a Staples and a home depot in 361 00:21:44,920 --> 00:21:48,000 Speaker 1: a pet Smart and a Whole Foods. How Like funny 362 00:21:48,040 --> 00:21:50,520 Speaker 1: is that? Yeah? Um, if you walk into Whole Foods 363 00:21:50,520 --> 00:21:53,040 Speaker 1: and listen, you can hear the ghost of a backing 364 00:21:53,320 --> 00:21:55,840 Speaker 1: a ball. Yeah. This I don't think this was the 365 00:21:55,880 --> 00:21:58,359 Speaker 1: first team in Atlanta that played in the Negro Southern 366 00:21:58,400 --> 00:22:01,280 Speaker 1: League because they folded that same year. But the Atlantic 367 00:22:01,320 --> 00:22:03,960 Speaker 1: Black Crackers. We also had the Atlantic Crackers, which was 368 00:22:04,000 --> 00:22:07,280 Speaker 1: the white team. Um, we had the Atlantic Black Crackers. 369 00:22:07,320 --> 00:22:09,520 Speaker 1: And it sounds funny that we say Ponce de Leon, 370 00:22:10,400 --> 00:22:13,000 Speaker 1: uh not Ponton, but that's how we say it here. 371 00:22:13,520 --> 00:22:16,720 Speaker 1: It's the street that fronts our office building. Puts Daileon 372 00:22:16,800 --> 00:22:18,560 Speaker 1: himself would have punch you in the stomach if he 373 00:22:18,600 --> 00:22:21,119 Speaker 1: heard you say his name like that. But that's the 374 00:22:21,119 --> 00:22:24,439 Speaker 1: street in Atlanta that fronts our office And if you 375 00:22:24,520 --> 00:22:27,520 Speaker 1: go and look on the internet, you can see these 376 00:22:27,560 --> 00:22:32,600 Speaker 1: awesome pictures of this cool little baseball stadium. Right they're 377 00:22:32,880 --> 00:22:38,000 Speaker 1: hundreds of feet from where we sit. Really neat um. 378 00:22:38,080 --> 00:22:41,400 Speaker 1: But now you have Whole Foods. You just have to listen. 379 00:22:42,320 --> 00:22:48,800 Speaker 1: Seven dollars for artisan mayonnaise if you're lucky, seven dollars. 380 00:22:48,800 --> 00:22:53,080 Speaker 1: Oh that's just for the the just for one s. Yeah, 381 00:22:53,240 --> 00:22:57,160 Speaker 1: just once, is you her? Whole Foods got caught like 382 00:22:58,119 --> 00:23:03,200 Speaker 1: with uncalibrated scales for their hot bar stuff, like it's 383 00:23:03,240 --> 00:23:07,520 Speaker 1: not already expensive and yeah that's not I expect a 384 00:23:07,520 --> 00:23:10,879 Speaker 1: lot more from them. Yeah, you know, never get anything 385 00:23:10,880 --> 00:23:13,400 Speaker 1: with bones at one of those oh never or liquid 386 00:23:13,560 --> 00:23:17,240 Speaker 1: what a waste? You throw half of that chicken leg away? Yeah, 387 00:23:17,280 --> 00:23:20,960 Speaker 1: you paid for it, or just you know, grind that 388 00:23:21,040 --> 00:23:22,560 Speaker 1: chicken bone up and eat it and get your money, 389 00:23:23,040 --> 00:23:25,399 Speaker 1: like peel off with your teeth, spit the meat into 390 00:23:25,440 --> 00:23:28,200 Speaker 1: your into your little basket, and throw the bone back 391 00:23:28,240 --> 00:23:31,000 Speaker 1: into the hot bar. Yeah. Oh I didn't think about that. 392 00:23:31,000 --> 00:23:34,240 Speaker 1: That's great idea. And then you can say I'm no chump. Yeah, 393 00:23:34,440 --> 00:23:40,040 Speaker 1: I just go around screaming and not paying for that bone. Um, 394 00:23:40,080 --> 00:23:42,640 Speaker 1: all right, So where are we where? The Negro Southern 395 00:23:42,720 --> 00:23:46,320 Speaker 1: League folded, the Eastern Colored League open in nine, and 396 00:23:46,359 --> 00:23:50,320 Speaker 1: then finally in nine the American Negue Grow League formed, 397 00:23:50,440 --> 00:23:55,439 Speaker 1: and that was that was when things like they called 398 00:23:55,480 --> 00:23:58,200 Speaker 1: eventually the American Negro League in the American I'm sorry, 399 00:23:58,200 --> 00:24:01,160 Speaker 1: the National Negro League. The mad years of the Negro League, 400 00:24:01,560 --> 00:24:05,600 Speaker 1: like that was where the crime della crime and um, 401 00:24:05,760 --> 00:24:10,639 Speaker 1: the everything's going pretty smoothly except two things happen, right, Um, 402 00:24:10,680 --> 00:24:13,560 Speaker 1: there's even like a Negro League World Series is the 403 00:24:13,680 --> 00:24:17,920 Speaker 1: best of nine the Kansas City Yeah, the Kansas City 404 00:24:18,000 --> 00:24:24,240 Speaker 1: Monarchs narrowly beat uh, the hill Dale team they're from Darby, Pennsylvania, 405 00:24:24,400 --> 00:24:27,800 Speaker 1: which I guess is near Philadelphia. UM in the first 406 00:24:27,840 --> 00:24:30,600 Speaker 1: one in ninety four, So there's like there's a there's 407 00:24:30,720 --> 00:24:34,400 Speaker 1: these leagues have established themselves by they have their own 408 00:24:34,440 --> 00:24:37,640 Speaker 1: world series going right, UM. But just within a few 409 00:24:37,720 --> 00:24:39,520 Speaker 1: years there are a couple of hits to the league 410 00:24:39,560 --> 00:24:44,440 Speaker 1: that ultimately led to the the Negro Majors disbanding. UM. 411 00:24:44,600 --> 00:24:49,879 Speaker 1: One is that Rube Foster suffered gas poisoning in a 412 00:24:49,960 --> 00:24:53,960 Speaker 1: hotel room. In a hotel room in Indianapolis, he was 413 00:24:54,000 --> 00:24:59,160 Speaker 1: found unconscious. And there's some theory that UM, like everyone 414 00:24:59,200 --> 00:25:02,479 Speaker 1: believed in oasts and spirits and mediums in the nineteenth 415 00:25:02,480 --> 00:25:04,800 Speaker 1: century because they were all being poisoned by the natural 416 00:25:04,880 --> 00:25:07,840 Speaker 1: gas that was like leaking into their kitchens and homes 417 00:25:07,840 --> 00:25:10,359 Speaker 1: all the time. Right, Well, this guy had like an 418 00:25:10,359 --> 00:25:14,640 Speaker 1: acute poisoning and was found unconscious. And after that, when 419 00:25:14,640 --> 00:25:17,320 Speaker 1: he regained consciousness and his nurse back to health, he 420 00:25:17,520 --> 00:25:20,840 Speaker 1: lost his mind and he just kept getting worse and worse, 421 00:25:20,880 --> 00:25:24,280 Speaker 1: and by nine I think it's happened in nineteen twenty 422 00:25:24,320 --> 00:25:29,240 Speaker 1: four five he was institutionalized in By nineteen thirty he 423 00:25:29,280 --> 00:25:32,200 Speaker 1: died of a heart attack at age fifty one. UM 424 00:25:32,400 --> 00:25:36,760 Speaker 1: and again his guidance was so integral uh in this 425 00:25:36,960 --> 00:25:39,920 Speaker 1: first incarnation of the Negro leagues that you know, when 426 00:25:39,960 --> 00:25:44,399 Speaker 1: he was institutionalized, obviously they weren't like, what was the 427 00:25:44,480 --> 00:25:48,320 Speaker 1: league do next? He was in an institution, Um, and 428 00:25:48,359 --> 00:25:50,840 Speaker 1: the league started to falter and fall apart. And eventually 429 00:25:50,920 --> 00:25:54,040 Speaker 1: that coupled with the depression, and the onset of the 430 00:25:54,040 --> 00:25:56,879 Speaker 1: depression really kind of led to the unraveling of the 431 00:25:56,920 --> 00:26:02,199 Speaker 1: first Negro League. Yeah, and this the Major leag baseball site. Um, 432 00:26:02,240 --> 00:26:06,320 Speaker 1: you know, these were they profited on certain days of 433 00:26:06,320 --> 00:26:09,400 Speaker 1: the week. Sundays were big days because they were played 434 00:26:09,440 --> 00:26:13,760 Speaker 1: double headers. But the fact is, um, Black Americans didn't 435 00:26:13,760 --> 00:26:17,200 Speaker 1: have a lot of expendable money to throw it going 436 00:26:17,200 --> 00:26:19,760 Speaker 1: to baseball games, even though they're you know, pretty cheap. 437 00:26:19,840 --> 00:26:21,960 Speaker 1: That was commiserate with what people made at the time, 438 00:26:22,040 --> 00:26:24,360 Speaker 1: unless you were one of the Walker brothers whose dad 439 00:26:24,400 --> 00:26:27,400 Speaker 1: was a physician. Yeah, they probably a little money. Um, 440 00:26:27,560 --> 00:26:29,399 Speaker 1: they were playing, so I'm sure their parents got in 441 00:26:29,520 --> 00:26:32,119 Speaker 1: for free. So it's all just a moot point. I 442 00:26:32,119 --> 00:26:34,280 Speaker 1: wonder if they did get free family tickets back then, 443 00:26:34,600 --> 00:26:36,880 Speaker 1: I would hope, So, I that's gotta be as old 444 00:26:36,920 --> 00:26:41,640 Speaker 1: as tickets, right, Probably we gotta do an episode on tickets, guest. 445 00:26:41,720 --> 00:26:46,520 Speaker 1: Let's uh. So they were making a little money on Sundays, 446 00:26:46,640 --> 00:26:50,120 Speaker 1: they weren't hugely profitable overall, even though they were known 447 00:26:50,160 --> 00:26:53,120 Speaker 1: as somewhat successful. Like, no, a lot of these guys 448 00:26:53,119 --> 00:26:55,639 Speaker 1: were still barn storming on their off days. Yeah. And 449 00:26:55,680 --> 00:26:58,000 Speaker 1: these are the players, you know, trying to make ends meet, 450 00:26:58,040 --> 00:27:01,640 Speaker 1: like the owners themselves were struggling here and there. Um. 451 00:27:02,359 --> 00:27:06,560 Speaker 1: White people came to see games sometimes, especially when they 452 00:27:06,560 --> 00:27:09,680 Speaker 1: were exhibition games against white teams, because they love to 453 00:27:09,720 --> 00:27:11,919 Speaker 1: go out there and see the see something they had 454 00:27:11,960 --> 00:27:15,440 Speaker 1: never seen before, which many times was the black team 455 00:27:15,480 --> 00:27:19,240 Speaker 1: mopping the floor with the white team. Um, although it 456 00:27:19,280 --> 00:27:22,159 Speaker 1: seemed pretty evenly matched, like from what I gathered, it 457 00:27:22,320 --> 00:27:24,359 Speaker 1: wasn't like lopside in one way or the other. Like 458 00:27:24,400 --> 00:27:27,360 Speaker 1: they were good competitive games. Yeah. There are plenty of um, 459 00:27:27,440 --> 00:27:29,520 Speaker 1: white players who are better than the black players, and 460 00:27:29,560 --> 00:27:31,440 Speaker 1: there are plenty of black players who are better than 461 00:27:31,960 --> 00:27:35,200 Speaker 1: white players. Yeah. Yeah, I would say evenly match is 462 00:27:35,200 --> 00:27:36,320 Speaker 1: a good way to put so if you had an 463 00:27:36,320 --> 00:27:38,520 Speaker 1: integrade league, you would get the best of both, which 464 00:27:38,520 --> 00:27:40,520 Speaker 1: is eventually what we got. Plus also in some of 465 00:27:40,560 --> 00:27:44,520 Speaker 1: these cities, Chuck, these there they were not just baseball 466 00:27:44,600 --> 00:27:46,639 Speaker 1: was segregated, but just within the city you had a 467 00:27:46,640 --> 00:27:48,880 Speaker 1: white team and you had a black team. And that's 468 00:27:49,000 --> 00:27:51,480 Speaker 1: that's evidence to the names of some of the black teams, 469 00:27:51,480 --> 00:27:55,160 Speaker 1: like the Black Crackers, the Black Yankees. Um, there were 470 00:27:55,200 --> 00:27:57,960 Speaker 1: the Yankees and then there were the Crackers. Right, So 471 00:27:58,240 --> 00:28:01,280 Speaker 1: if you were a white player or a white person, 472 00:28:01,640 --> 00:28:03,919 Speaker 1: you're probably a fan of the white team and you 473 00:28:03,960 --> 00:28:07,760 Speaker 1: weren't going and watching the black teams play, right. Um, 474 00:28:07,840 --> 00:28:09,920 Speaker 1: so they list out four things here on the site. 475 00:28:09,960 --> 00:28:13,240 Speaker 1: They said the two leagues, uh, the American and National 476 00:28:13,680 --> 00:28:19,440 Speaker 1: Negro Leagues were northern and basically city dwelling teams. A 477 00:28:19,520 --> 00:28:22,280 Speaker 1: couple that with, um, there weren't a lot of black 478 00:28:22,320 --> 00:28:25,040 Speaker 1: people living in northern cities at the time. Uh. The 479 00:28:25,080 --> 00:28:28,080 Speaker 1: South was, you know, was way more Uh well, I 480 00:28:28,119 --> 00:28:31,200 Speaker 1: want to say integrated, but it wasn't integrated. Uh, way 481 00:28:31,240 --> 00:28:33,640 Speaker 1: more black people living in the South at the time. Yeah, 482 00:28:33,640 --> 00:28:36,040 Speaker 1: which is I wonder why the Southern Negro League didn't 483 00:28:36,080 --> 00:28:39,040 Speaker 1: take off like a rocket then. Yeah. I mean probably 484 00:28:39,040 --> 00:28:40,920 Speaker 1: for the other reasons, like you couldn't afford to go 485 00:28:40,960 --> 00:28:45,360 Speaker 1: to the games and all that stuffy Uh black people 486 00:28:45,400 --> 00:28:47,560 Speaker 1: that were in the North, Uh, didn't have a whole 487 00:28:47,560 --> 00:28:50,400 Speaker 1: lot of money, and so basically all that adds up 488 00:28:50,400 --> 00:28:53,160 Speaker 1: to not a lot of audience buying tickets. And the 489 00:28:53,200 --> 00:28:55,080 Speaker 1: only way to keep a league afloat is to sell 490 00:28:55,120 --> 00:28:58,040 Speaker 1: tickets and to sell concessions, same as it is today. 491 00:28:58,640 --> 00:29:02,440 Speaker 1: So all those things coupled with Rube Foster the depression. 492 00:29:02,480 --> 00:29:07,840 Speaker 1: There the greatest champion and probably sharpest mind. Uh, sadly 493 00:29:08,120 --> 00:29:11,640 Speaker 1: succumbing to mental illness and then the depression. And that 494 00:29:11,680 --> 00:29:15,200 Speaker 1: was the end of the beginning of the Negro leagues, right, yeah, 495 00:29:15,320 --> 00:29:17,719 Speaker 1: that was the end of the first one. Yes, and 496 00:29:17,800 --> 00:29:20,880 Speaker 1: there were more to come, and we'll talk about it 497 00:29:20,960 --> 00:29:47,480 Speaker 1: right after this. I ski all right, So uh, it 498 00:29:47,520 --> 00:29:50,880 Speaker 1: didn't take long. Uh, the old saying you can't keep 499 00:29:50,920 --> 00:29:53,680 Speaker 1: a good man down. People wanted to play baseball, they 500 00:29:53,680 --> 00:29:55,920 Speaker 1: were good at it. Um. They thought there was more 501 00:29:55,960 --> 00:29:59,560 Speaker 1: money to be made in leagues. And so what happens 502 00:30:00,200 --> 00:30:05,280 Speaker 1: is these numbers guys get involved, and a numbers man 503 00:30:05,560 --> 00:30:10,040 Speaker 1: is the numbers game was basically like an illegal, unsanctioned 504 00:30:10,120 --> 00:30:13,520 Speaker 1: street lottery. Right, So numbers guys have a lot of money, 505 00:30:13,760 --> 00:30:15,920 Speaker 1: and some of them said, you know what, let's put 506 00:30:15,960 --> 00:30:19,800 Speaker 1: money into starting baseball teams. In leagues, and one guy 507 00:30:19,800 --> 00:30:24,560 Speaker 1: in particular in Pittsburgh, Gus Greenley, great name. He was 508 00:30:24,600 --> 00:30:27,320 Speaker 1: a bar owner in Pittsburgh. He bought the Pittsburgh Crawford's 509 00:30:27,760 --> 00:30:29,760 Speaker 1: in nineteen thirty one. He said, well, I've got a team, 510 00:30:30,000 --> 00:30:32,640 Speaker 1: but I don't have a league. So two years later 511 00:30:32,720 --> 00:30:37,080 Speaker 1: he formed the second Negro National League, and other numbers 512 00:30:37,120 --> 00:30:38,800 Speaker 1: guys bought in, and all of a sudden they had 513 00:30:38,840 --> 00:30:44,040 Speaker 1: another league going. UM and this basically kicked off what's 514 00:30:44,040 --> 00:30:48,120 Speaker 1: known as the Golden Age of the Negro leagues. UM 515 00:30:48,160 --> 00:30:51,840 Speaker 1: starting about nineteen thirty one thirty three, when when these 516 00:30:51,840 --> 00:30:56,760 Speaker 1: other teams came about, and um, Greenley's team himself, was 517 00:30:56,800 --> 00:30:59,080 Speaker 1: it his? No, I'm sorry, it would have been right 518 00:30:59,160 --> 00:31:04,000 Speaker 1: across the river, the Homestead Grays. Yeah, they eventually migrated 519 00:31:04,040 --> 00:31:07,880 Speaker 1: back to Pittsburgh over to Pittsburgh, so they were the 520 00:31:07,920 --> 00:31:10,760 Speaker 1: same team that went from one town to another. They 521 00:31:10,760 --> 00:31:13,720 Speaker 1: weren't rivals. Now, I think there was still the other 522 00:31:13,800 --> 00:31:17,040 Speaker 1: Pittsburgh team, but from what I understand, the Homestead Grades 523 00:31:17,080 --> 00:31:21,640 Speaker 1: eventually became part of Pittsburgh, or maybe there was another 524 00:31:21,680 --> 00:31:23,280 Speaker 1: team on that shirt, but I do know they eventually 525 00:31:23,280 --> 00:31:25,440 Speaker 1: get went to Pittsburgh because you know, Homestead. We've been there. 526 00:31:25,440 --> 00:31:27,840 Speaker 1: We did a show there. Ye yeah, okay um, and 527 00:31:27,880 --> 00:31:29,560 Speaker 1: I was like, are we going to the right place? 528 00:31:30,320 --> 00:31:33,520 Speaker 1: And the car was taking me. So Homestead used to 529 00:31:33,560 --> 00:31:37,040 Speaker 1: have not just a team, they used to have the 530 00:31:37,080 --> 00:31:41,760 Speaker 1: best Negro League team possibly ever. Oh yeah, wait easy. 531 00:31:41,960 --> 00:31:47,080 Speaker 1: For nine consecutive years they won the Pennant all right, yeah, 532 00:31:47,200 --> 00:31:49,520 Speaker 1: nine years in a row. Josh Gibson, cool, Papa Bell 533 00:31:49,840 --> 00:31:52,440 Speaker 1: and Buck Leonard some of their stars, yeah, just some 534 00:31:52,480 --> 00:31:55,600 Speaker 1: of them. In they had no less than five future 535 00:31:55,640 --> 00:31:59,320 Speaker 1: Hall of famers on on the team. Five. That's amazing. 536 00:31:59,360 --> 00:32:01,920 Speaker 1: Point to a team that has five future Hall of 537 00:32:01,920 --> 00:32:05,000 Speaker 1: Famers on it now or ever did well? So some 538 00:32:05,040 --> 00:32:06,960 Speaker 1: of the Yankees teams did over the years. But like, 539 00:32:07,040 --> 00:32:10,320 Speaker 1: I don't think anything right now now, Like even the 540 00:32:10,360 --> 00:32:13,920 Speaker 1: best team right now doesn't have five future Hall of Famers. 541 00:32:13,760 --> 00:32:17,720 Speaker 1: It's certainly not the Braves. We don't have one. I 542 00:32:17,720 --> 00:32:19,840 Speaker 1: don't know. I could see Freddie Freeman hit in the 543 00:32:19,880 --> 00:32:24,360 Speaker 1: Hall of Fame one day. M hm, oh really, I 544 00:32:24,400 --> 00:32:26,400 Speaker 1: haven't been watching the last couple of seasons. I mean, 545 00:32:26,400 --> 00:32:29,360 Speaker 1: he's our best player. But because the best player on 546 00:32:29,400 --> 00:32:35,000 Speaker 1: the worst team in baseball not very good at the bat, alright, 547 00:32:35,040 --> 00:32:37,760 Speaker 1: So we did mention that, um, there were exhibition games 548 00:32:37,760 --> 00:32:40,640 Speaker 1: going on, and things really picked up with the exhibition 549 00:32:40,680 --> 00:32:43,320 Speaker 1: games now because they were a little well funded. And 550 00:32:43,360 --> 00:32:47,440 Speaker 1: this is when UM, white players would come and see 551 00:32:47,480 --> 00:32:50,760 Speaker 1: the teams playing and mean it was basically more popular 552 00:32:50,800 --> 00:32:55,200 Speaker 1: than ever. Uh in both communities. Yes, and UM we 553 00:32:55,320 --> 00:32:58,840 Speaker 1: said that they had the UM the Negro League World 554 00:32:58,840 --> 00:33:02,840 Speaker 1: Series going on, right, UM, there was actually another game 555 00:33:02,960 --> 00:33:06,520 Speaker 1: that came out of this. I think it was UM, 556 00:33:06,560 --> 00:33:08,720 Speaker 1: it might have been Gus Greenley, I think it was 557 00:33:09,000 --> 00:33:11,720 Speaker 1: who came up with this is the East versus West 558 00:33:11,800 --> 00:33:15,160 Speaker 1: All Stars game, and that became bigger than the World 559 00:33:15,200 --> 00:33:18,440 Speaker 1: Series and whatever was in the Negro Leagues. It was huge. Yeah, 560 00:33:18,560 --> 00:33:21,000 Speaker 1: So UM that became kind of like the de facto 561 00:33:21,120 --> 00:33:23,600 Speaker 1: big game of the year rather than the World Series 562 00:33:23,640 --> 00:33:27,160 Speaker 1: for UM, and they played it every year I think 563 00:33:27,160 --> 00:33:31,600 Speaker 1: in Comiskey Field. Yeah, in Chicago, because you know East 564 00:33:31,600 --> 00:33:34,680 Speaker 1: and East West in Chicago. That's what it says on 565 00:33:34,760 --> 00:33:37,520 Speaker 1: the T shirts. At least, so players are starting to 566 00:33:37,560 --> 00:33:40,040 Speaker 1: make some like the top players are starting to make 567 00:33:40,080 --> 00:33:43,080 Speaker 1: some pretty good money at the time. You can't go 568 00:33:43,120 --> 00:33:47,880 Speaker 1: any further without talking about uh Satchel Page Leroy satchel page. Dude. 569 00:33:48,320 --> 00:33:55,160 Speaker 1: He was, um a picture very interesting dude, maybe the 570 00:33:55,200 --> 00:33:58,640 Speaker 1: greatest picture of all time in the sport of baseball. 571 00:33:58,840 --> 00:34:03,200 Speaker 1: Maybe he was eccentric, He was an entertainer. He was 572 00:34:03,240 --> 00:34:08,240 Speaker 1: like the US same Bolt of his day. People loved him, Okay, 573 00:34:08,560 --> 00:34:11,279 Speaker 1: except he didn't like to run. That would make a 574 00:34:11,360 --> 00:34:13,799 Speaker 1: little different. Even said he didn't like to run. What 575 00:34:13,880 --> 00:34:16,759 Speaker 1: was his quote? He said that, um, training for me 576 00:34:16,880 --> 00:34:20,279 Speaker 1: is rising gently from the bench, back onto the bench. 577 00:34:22,600 --> 00:34:24,560 Speaker 1: So he had have you ever seen video or I 578 00:34:24,560 --> 00:34:26,759 Speaker 1: guess you know film of him pitching, Yeah, with those 579 00:34:26,800 --> 00:34:30,600 Speaker 1: old timey baggy baseball pants, and yeah that was the style. 580 00:34:30,680 --> 00:34:32,799 Speaker 1: But his um, he had a weird wind up. He 581 00:34:32,840 --> 00:34:35,360 Speaker 1: had this sort of double windmill that he would do 582 00:34:35,400 --> 00:34:39,440 Speaker 1: with his pitching arm. And then um, when he was younger, 583 00:34:39,480 --> 00:34:41,799 Speaker 1: he had a great fastball, and he had he was 584 00:34:41,840 --> 00:34:45,560 Speaker 1: noted for his control like Greg Maddox, like in his 585 00:34:45,719 --> 00:34:49,000 Speaker 1: pinpoint control like supposed he could just put a baseball 586 00:34:49,360 --> 00:34:51,560 Speaker 1: within a half inch of where he wanted it to be, 587 00:34:52,000 --> 00:34:55,919 Speaker 1: which is a big big deal for a picture. Um, 588 00:34:56,040 --> 00:34:58,320 Speaker 1: As he lost his fastball over the years, he learned 589 00:34:59,200 --> 00:35:02,280 Speaker 1: basically every pitch under the sun. Like he pitched until 590 00:35:02,360 --> 00:35:07,160 Speaker 1: he was fifty nine years old. He first he first 591 00:35:07,160 --> 00:35:12,719 Speaker 1: signed in the Major's White majors at forty two. Forty two, 592 00:35:13,040 --> 00:35:15,400 Speaker 1: forty two year old rookie. He's the he's the oldest 593 00:35:15,440 --> 00:35:18,319 Speaker 1: rookie ever in the Major League Baseball and I think 594 00:35:18,360 --> 00:35:22,160 Speaker 1: the oldest picture ever. Well yeah, um, he was even 595 00:35:22,200 --> 00:35:25,799 Speaker 1: older than Gaylord Perry. How old was he? He was 596 00:35:25,840 --> 00:35:30,839 Speaker 1: in his forties, like Nolan Ryan, Gaylord Perry. Nolan Ryan 597 00:35:31,000 --> 00:35:35,000 Speaker 1: made it to fifty, not fifty, but he came close. 598 00:35:35,880 --> 00:35:39,040 Speaker 1: Like pictures notably have been a little older, which is 599 00:35:39,080 --> 00:35:42,560 Speaker 1: crazy because like their arms and yeah, but they're not 600 00:35:42,680 --> 00:35:46,680 Speaker 1: you know, they're not like running around and batting like 601 00:35:46,840 --> 00:35:50,839 Speaker 1: other players. Yeah, but you're right, like Freddie Freeman, like 602 00:35:50,880 --> 00:35:53,720 Speaker 1: the stress on the stress on the arm is amazing. 603 00:35:53,960 --> 00:35:59,160 Speaker 1: So one thing that that was problematic or is problematic 604 00:35:59,160 --> 00:36:01,240 Speaker 1: when you're going back in looking at the negro leagues 605 00:36:01,320 --> 00:36:03,600 Speaker 1: is that, um, a lot of teams were allowed to, 606 00:36:04,040 --> 00:36:07,440 Speaker 1: depending on the league, were allowed to set their own schedules. Um, 607 00:36:07,600 --> 00:36:11,920 Speaker 1: stats weren't kept quite as um well as they were 608 00:36:11,960 --> 00:36:15,000 Speaker 1: in the white leagues. Yeah, we don't know Satil pagees 609 00:36:15,040 --> 00:36:18,839 Speaker 1: real lifetime stats. No, but in full there are some 610 00:36:19,040 --> 00:36:23,640 Speaker 1: estimates and they are high. So the one that I 611 00:36:23,719 --> 00:36:26,560 Speaker 1: saw is that Sachiel page Head. I think it was 612 00:36:26,600 --> 00:36:29,640 Speaker 1: in this um this article on MLB dot com, which 613 00:36:29,640 --> 00:36:34,160 Speaker 1: eventually will say the author's name. Right. Um, they said 614 00:36:34,160 --> 00:36:38,680 Speaker 1: that he had three hundred career shutouts. Three career shutouts, 615 00:36:38,760 --> 00:36:43,359 Speaker 1: and this guy says in italics, not wins, shutouts. Right, Yeah, 616 00:36:43,440 --> 00:36:45,920 Speaker 1: if you don't know baseball, shutout means you have pitched 617 00:36:45,960 --> 00:36:49,000 Speaker 1: a game where no one scored a run. And back 618 00:36:49,040 --> 00:36:52,439 Speaker 1: then they were probably complete game shutouts, meaning he never 619 00:36:52,480 --> 00:36:54,880 Speaker 1: came out and was relieved by another picture. Right, he 620 00:36:54,880 --> 00:36:57,040 Speaker 1: would have pitched like all nine innings back in the 621 00:36:57,360 --> 00:36:59,040 Speaker 1: in the day. They should do that way more than 622 00:36:59,080 --> 00:37:02,000 Speaker 1: they do now. Okay, so he had three hundred career shutouts. 623 00:37:02,280 --> 00:37:06,400 Speaker 1: Fift hundred wins is the estimate that that's on MLB 624 00:37:06,560 --> 00:37:10,520 Speaker 1: dot com. Yeah, to put that into perspective for non 625 00:37:10,560 --> 00:37:15,040 Speaker 1: baseball fans again, if you have three hundred wins wins, 626 00:37:15,080 --> 00:37:17,920 Speaker 1: not shutouts, win, then you're a Hall of Famer. And 627 00:37:17,960 --> 00:37:20,720 Speaker 1: in fact, they don't think there will ever be another 628 00:37:20,760 --> 00:37:24,719 Speaker 1: three hundred game winner again because of they are more 629 00:37:24,760 --> 00:37:27,160 Speaker 1: pictures in the rotation now they usually have five guys 630 00:37:27,200 --> 00:37:30,399 Speaker 1: instead of four. They don't pitches deep into games. They 631 00:37:30,440 --> 00:37:33,319 Speaker 1: rest them a lot more. So it's just we may 632 00:37:33,320 --> 00:37:35,360 Speaker 1: not ever see that happen again, just because of the 633 00:37:35,360 --> 00:37:38,480 Speaker 1: way it's built. It To also put in perspective, cy 634 00:37:38,600 --> 00:37:42,760 Speaker 1: Young is um regarded as one of the best pictures 635 00:37:42,760 --> 00:37:45,440 Speaker 1: ever in in Major League Baseball, named the Top Award 636 00:37:45,440 --> 00:37:50,000 Speaker 1: after him exactly. He had seventies six shutouts, which is amazing. 637 00:37:50,200 --> 00:37:54,040 Speaker 1: He had the most wins ever still in Major League 638 00:37:54,040 --> 00:37:59,160 Speaker 1: Baseball at five eleven, so Satchel page Head conceivably three 639 00:37:59,200 --> 00:38:04,160 Speaker 1: times more. Yeah, then the the highest win count ever 640 00:38:04,360 --> 00:38:06,960 Speaker 1: in Major league and that's counting his entire career assume, 641 00:38:07,280 --> 00:38:10,200 Speaker 1: which again was very very long. It was a very 642 00:38:10,200 --> 00:38:12,400 Speaker 1: long career. But that just makes it all the more amazing, 643 00:38:12,520 --> 00:38:16,160 Speaker 1: especially as he gets older. Yeah, Like, let's let's say 644 00:38:16,160 --> 00:38:19,040 Speaker 1: that people don't say, don't count the negro leagues as 645 00:38:19,080 --> 00:38:21,239 Speaker 1: being in the top league at the time. I cut 646 00:38:21,239 --> 00:38:24,560 Speaker 1: it in half, and he's still way ahead of everybody 647 00:38:24,560 --> 00:38:27,799 Speaker 1: else if you subtract fifty of everything he did and 648 00:38:27,800 --> 00:38:29,440 Speaker 1: the fact that he sat in a rocking chair and 649 00:38:29,520 --> 00:38:33,960 Speaker 1: the dugout and had like a huge personality. Yeah, so 650 00:38:34,040 --> 00:38:36,200 Speaker 1: he learned all sorts of pitches. By the end of 651 00:38:36,200 --> 00:38:39,880 Speaker 1: his career, he was pitching knuckleballs and he was famous 652 00:38:39,960 --> 00:38:44,200 Speaker 1: for the hesitation pitch, which he invented, which was when 653 00:38:44,200 --> 00:38:45,920 Speaker 1: he got to the White major leagues, they were like, 654 00:38:46,160 --> 00:38:49,280 Speaker 1: that's illegal. He can't do that. It's called the bulk 655 00:38:50,080 --> 00:38:52,200 Speaker 1: and uh. He was like, all right, well know, He's like, no, 656 00:38:52,280 --> 00:38:57,200 Speaker 1: it's called the hesitation pitch. It was very sneaky. Um. 657 00:38:57,239 --> 00:38:59,160 Speaker 1: You know, it's like you you act like you're pitching, 658 00:38:59,200 --> 00:39:01,719 Speaker 1: then you stop. And because his theory, he was like, 659 00:39:01,760 --> 00:39:03,440 Speaker 1: you know, I got guys up there that are starting 660 00:39:03,440 --> 00:39:06,520 Speaker 1: to swing because I'm so fast, Like when they see 661 00:39:06,560 --> 00:39:08,520 Speaker 1: me winding up, they're starting to swing. So if I 662 00:39:08,560 --> 00:39:11,080 Speaker 1: just put a little slight pause there, then they're swinging 663 00:39:11,080 --> 00:39:13,560 Speaker 1: and then the ball comes. So it's very very tricky 664 00:39:13,600 --> 00:39:17,400 Speaker 1: little pitch. Um. And he was making between thirty and 665 00:39:17,400 --> 00:39:20,440 Speaker 1: forty grand a year and the Negro and this is 666 00:39:20,640 --> 00:39:24,680 Speaker 1: also with appearances and stuff like that, but in the 667 00:39:24,680 --> 00:39:30,120 Speaker 1: Negro leagues, which is about half a million dollars today. Yeah, 668 00:39:30,480 --> 00:39:35,200 Speaker 1: amazing amount of money at the time, you know, and 669 00:39:35,239 --> 00:39:39,240 Speaker 1: those appearances, um uh uh. If you were a team 670 00:39:39,239 --> 00:39:42,000 Speaker 1: owner that had Satual Page on your team, uh, you 671 00:39:42,080 --> 00:39:44,120 Speaker 1: might let him go make some scratch and probably take 672 00:39:44,160 --> 00:39:48,080 Speaker 1: a cut yourself by lending him to another team whose 673 00:39:48,080 --> 00:39:50,640 Speaker 1: attendance was struggling. And all you had to do was 674 00:39:50,680 --> 00:39:52,960 Speaker 1: advertised for a week that Satual Page is gonna be 675 00:39:53,000 --> 00:39:55,840 Speaker 1: pitching one day, and you would sell out, so he 676 00:39:55,840 --> 00:39:59,840 Speaker 1: would help other Negro League teams that were that that 677 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:03,520 Speaker 1: we're struggling. Yeah, to be a draw. And here's one 678 00:40:03,600 --> 00:40:08,440 Speaker 1: little cool thing about our in Atlanta Braves and hight Satchel. 679 00:40:08,480 --> 00:40:12,520 Speaker 1: Page was lacking one more season to get his major 680 00:40:12,560 --> 00:40:16,200 Speaker 1: league baseball pension and was out of the league and retired, 681 00:40:16,239 --> 00:40:20,160 Speaker 1: and the Atlanta Braves signed him as a player coach 682 00:40:22,000 --> 00:40:25,359 Speaker 1: like Terry Pendleton. Yeah, he was never a player coach, 683 00:40:25,440 --> 00:40:27,479 Speaker 1: was he? No, But here's a player and then a coach. 684 00:40:27,560 --> 00:40:30,400 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, Pete Rose was a player coach. Was he really? Like? 685 00:40:30,440 --> 00:40:32,759 Speaker 1: He managed the Reds and played for them. I didn't 686 00:40:32,800 --> 00:40:36,160 Speaker 1: know and bet on them. Yeah, but they signed him 687 00:40:36,160 --> 00:40:38,560 Speaker 1: to a one year deal so he could get his 688 00:40:38,800 --> 00:40:42,640 Speaker 1: major league baseball penchion. That is awesome, which is really cool? Year? 689 00:40:42,760 --> 00:40:46,719 Speaker 1: Was that? That's really cool? Yeah, go brave. So if 690 00:40:46,760 --> 00:40:48,279 Speaker 1: you see a picture when I saw a picture of 691 00:40:48,320 --> 00:40:50,160 Speaker 1: him in the Braves uniform. I was like, wait a minute, 692 00:40:50,280 --> 00:40:52,800 Speaker 1: he never played for the Braves, and he really didn't. 693 00:40:53,840 --> 00:40:55,400 Speaker 1: It was it was sort of, you know, just a 694 00:40:55,440 --> 00:41:00,000 Speaker 1: little sneaky way to get him in there, which is great. Um, 695 00:41:00,080 --> 00:41:03,440 Speaker 1: all right, so Satchel Page is killing it, other players 696 00:41:03,440 --> 00:41:07,719 Speaker 1: are killing it. It would not be long before somebody 697 00:41:09,160 --> 00:41:13,800 Speaker 1: in the White League's somebody said the talent is too good. 698 00:41:14,880 --> 00:41:17,319 Speaker 1: Somebody has to be the first to make this move 699 00:41:17,400 --> 00:41:21,319 Speaker 1: and break the color barrier. Yeah, right, you know that 700 00:41:21,440 --> 00:41:24,759 Speaker 1: was the thing Like this. The Negro leagues were ultimately, 701 00:41:24,800 --> 00:41:27,759 Speaker 1: as we'll find out, victims of their own success. The 702 00:41:28,160 --> 00:41:32,440 Speaker 1: players that they supported and brought into the game, we're 703 00:41:33,160 --> 00:41:37,920 Speaker 1: of obvious major league caliber in any major league. They 704 00:41:37,920 --> 00:41:40,520 Speaker 1: were the best in the world. They were just playing 705 00:41:40,560 --> 00:41:46,320 Speaker 1: on segregated teams. And so finally a group of people, 706 00:41:46,400 --> 00:41:49,120 Speaker 1: but especially it usually comes in the form of one 707 00:41:49,120 --> 00:41:53,759 Speaker 1: guy named branch Rickey. Yeah. Did Tom Hanks play him? No? 708 00:41:54,440 --> 00:42:00,440 Speaker 1: Harrison Ford? No? Maybe? Well I didn't see them recent 709 00:42:00,520 --> 00:42:05,279 Speaker 1: jacket was Harrison Ford? Maybe I've seen him portrayed in 710 00:42:05,320 --> 00:42:08,600 Speaker 1: other movies. I can't tell if it was him or not, 711 00:42:08,680 --> 00:42:11,120 Speaker 1: because the actor didn't have a diamond studded earring in 712 00:42:11,239 --> 00:42:15,000 Speaker 1: but Harrison Ford could have taken it out for the role. Uh. 713 00:42:15,120 --> 00:42:17,759 Speaker 1: This guy named branch Rickey, he was he an executive 714 00:42:17,840 --> 00:42:21,799 Speaker 1: or a manager for the Dodgers. He was he was 715 00:42:21,880 --> 00:42:24,920 Speaker 1: with he was an executive. And he said, and this 716 00:42:25,000 --> 00:42:28,560 Speaker 1: was when they were in Brooklyn, right, He said, this 717 00:42:28,640 --> 00:42:31,640 Speaker 1: is ridiculous there that we need to break this color barrier. 718 00:42:31,719 --> 00:42:33,839 Speaker 1: There's plenty of great players out there that I want 719 00:42:33,880 --> 00:42:36,560 Speaker 1: to sign. I'm going to break this unspoken rule. And 720 00:42:36,600 --> 00:42:40,000 Speaker 1: he looked around to find a player who was not 721 00:42:40,040 --> 00:42:44,759 Speaker 1: only good, but who he felt could withstand this horrendous 722 00:42:46,239 --> 00:42:50,120 Speaker 1: reception that whoever the first black player would be would 723 00:42:50,160 --> 00:42:53,400 Speaker 1: definitely receive. And who did receive and he found it 724 00:42:53,440 --> 00:42:56,359 Speaker 1: in the in the person of Jackie Robinson. Yeah, that's 725 00:42:56,400 --> 00:42:59,319 Speaker 1: a that's a huge point, um, because like I said, 726 00:42:59,440 --> 00:43:01,799 Speaker 1: jet Roy Empanella was probably better player at the time 727 00:43:02,239 --> 00:43:06,840 Speaker 1: than Jackie Robinson. But if you see the Jackie Robinson story, Uh, 728 00:43:06,920 --> 00:43:08,719 Speaker 1: I didn't see the recent one, like I said, but 729 00:43:08,880 --> 00:43:11,440 Speaker 1: I just know a lot about his story. He was 730 00:43:11,600 --> 00:43:15,400 Speaker 1: the right guy. He had the temperament, he had the leadership. Um, 731 00:43:15,680 --> 00:43:18,359 Speaker 1: Roy Campanella, take your head off, Well, yeah he did. 732 00:43:19,400 --> 00:43:22,719 Speaker 1: He was a tough guy, but Jackie Robinson was was 733 00:43:22,840 --> 00:43:25,800 Speaker 1: the man in every way. And we should also shout 734 00:43:25,800 --> 00:43:29,200 Speaker 1: out to the road being paved by people like Joe 735 00:43:29,280 --> 00:43:32,920 Speaker 1: Lewis and Jesse Owens before Jackie Robinson, as far as 736 00:43:32,960 --> 00:43:37,680 Speaker 1: just white America accepting mainstream black athletes into their lives. Yeah. 737 00:43:37,719 --> 00:43:39,480 Speaker 1: And I don't know if it was on this or 738 00:43:39,600 --> 00:43:42,879 Speaker 1: on there's a site called negro League Baseball dot com 739 00:43:42,960 --> 00:43:45,880 Speaker 1: UM that has a really good article called Negro League 740 00:43:46,200 --> 00:43:48,880 Speaker 1: Baseball one oh one or something like that. This is 741 00:43:48,920 --> 00:43:51,920 Speaker 1: the basics. There's a definite story to the whole thing, right, UM. 742 00:43:51,960 --> 00:43:55,240 Speaker 1: But they point out that UM, probably more than anything 743 00:43:55,480 --> 00:43:59,840 Speaker 1: that helped break the color barrier was UM blacks serving 744 00:44:00,000 --> 00:44:04,760 Speaker 1: in World War Two, serving alongside UM white soldiers and 745 00:44:04,760 --> 00:44:07,600 Speaker 1: and stories coming back from the fronts of like, hey, 746 00:44:07,920 --> 00:44:11,319 Speaker 1: these guys are killing Germans just as fast as any 747 00:44:11,400 --> 00:44:17,200 Speaker 1: any white guy. UM. And at the time America was like, well, 748 00:44:17,239 --> 00:44:21,920 Speaker 1: we love that about people. So when they returned, UM, 749 00:44:22,000 --> 00:44:25,680 Speaker 1: the black soldiers came home to a different America that 750 00:44:25,760 --> 00:44:28,960 Speaker 1: they helped change by fighting in World War two. And 751 00:44:29,040 --> 00:44:31,640 Speaker 1: I mean that the timing of this apparently is not 752 00:44:31,719 --> 00:44:35,000 Speaker 1: coincidental that Jackie Robinson was signing the six a year 753 00:44:35,040 --> 00:44:39,960 Speaker 1: after World War Two. One. Uh So branch Ricky was. Um, 754 00:44:40,000 --> 00:44:43,280 Speaker 1: he was a very puritanical guy. He would often lecture 755 00:44:43,280 --> 00:44:47,040 Speaker 1: players on sex and drinking and stuff, and he was 756 00:44:48,320 --> 00:44:52,959 Speaker 1: he wasn't just some benevolent, benevolent champion of the black man. Yeah, 757 00:44:52,960 --> 00:44:55,080 Speaker 1: that's that's a good point, man, because a lot of 758 00:44:55,239 --> 00:44:58,879 Speaker 1: times stories like this end up being about the guy 759 00:44:58,960 --> 00:45:01,200 Speaker 1: who took the change and paved the way for the 760 00:45:01,280 --> 00:45:06,799 Speaker 1: black players. But he did, he did. But emphasis it's 761 00:45:06,840 --> 00:45:09,840 Speaker 1: just too easy sometimes for the emphasis to go onto 762 00:45:09,880 --> 00:45:13,680 Speaker 1: that where it's like, well, the black player like he came. 763 00:45:13,920 --> 00:45:16,720 Speaker 1: He was one of the greatest baseball players of all time. Exactly. 764 00:45:16,760 --> 00:45:20,640 Speaker 1: Let's let's put it this way. If branch Rickey hadn't 765 00:45:20,800 --> 00:45:23,920 Speaker 1: wanted to sell tickets by fielding a good team, he 766 00:45:23,960 --> 00:45:26,520 Speaker 1: would have never signed Jackie Robinson. He was a businessman. 767 00:45:27,160 --> 00:45:30,560 Speaker 1: The Dodgers sucked at the time, and um, but he 768 00:45:30,640 --> 00:45:33,080 Speaker 1: was an idealist. I mean he was very much like, no, 769 00:45:33,280 --> 00:45:35,360 Speaker 1: like this is wrong and they should be allowed to play, 770 00:45:35,680 --> 00:45:38,719 Speaker 1: so okay. So he was a complex human being like 771 00:45:38,880 --> 00:45:42,040 Speaker 1: all other human beings. He can't just be shoehorned into 772 00:45:42,120 --> 00:45:46,719 Speaker 1: an easy caricature. That's great. So branch Ricky complicated human being. 773 00:45:46,920 --> 00:45:50,120 Speaker 1: He selected Jackie Robinson and it was a great selection. Yeah, 774 00:45:50,200 --> 00:45:53,520 Speaker 1: Jackie Robinson played one year in the miners, which was ridiculous. Um, 775 00:45:53,560 --> 00:45:56,120 Speaker 1: they should have just like he spent his entire life 776 00:45:56,160 --> 00:45:59,200 Speaker 1: playing in the miners. Uh, they should have just promoted 777 00:45:59,239 --> 00:46:01,400 Speaker 1: him right away. But I think they just wanted to 778 00:46:01,440 --> 00:46:03,960 Speaker 1: ease that transition. He won the batting title in the 779 00:46:03,960 --> 00:46:07,840 Speaker 1: minors his only year there, and then uh, one Rookie 780 00:46:07,840 --> 00:46:09,840 Speaker 1: of the Year in his very first year with the 781 00:46:09,840 --> 00:46:15,160 Speaker 1: Brooklyn Dodgers, and uh that was April fifteenth, ninety seven 782 00:46:15,239 --> 00:46:19,359 Speaker 1: was when uh he made his debut, which was very 783 00:46:19,560 --> 00:46:23,800 Speaker 1: very historic day, an amazing day that Major League Baseball 784 00:46:23,840 --> 00:46:27,839 Speaker 1: is really like honored Jackie Robinson to the fullest. Now, yeah, 785 00:46:28,080 --> 00:46:32,400 Speaker 1: they should great. Jackie Robinson definitely threw up in the floodgates. 786 00:46:32,440 --> 00:46:37,960 Speaker 1: Within four months of Jackie Robinson being signed or no, 787 00:46:38,200 --> 00:46:41,040 Speaker 1: I guess actually being called up to the majors, two 788 00:46:41,080 --> 00:46:45,160 Speaker 1: other guys um were signed, both in July, and I 789 00:46:45,200 --> 00:46:47,840 Speaker 1: think that year there were a number of other um 790 00:46:47,880 --> 00:46:51,919 Speaker 1: black players suddenly playing for white Major League Baseball, which 791 00:46:51,960 --> 00:46:55,440 Speaker 1: is suddenly not now just Major League Baseball not white 792 00:46:55,440 --> 00:47:00,520 Speaker 1: major League baseball. That's uh. Larry Dobie Clea and Indians 793 00:47:00,640 --> 00:47:04,000 Speaker 1: Willard Brown, the St. Louis Brown's Henry Hank Thompson, the St. 794 00:47:04,080 --> 00:47:08,600 Speaker 1: Louis Brown's Dan Bankhead Leroy Satchel Page made it finally, uh, 795 00:47:08,600 --> 00:47:11,920 Speaker 1: and of course Roy Campanella, among others. These were the 796 00:47:11,960 --> 00:47:16,759 Speaker 1: first African Americans in Major League Baseball and UM by 797 00:47:16,840 --> 00:47:19,520 Speaker 1: nineteen fifty two, just a few years later, there were 798 00:47:19,560 --> 00:47:24,040 Speaker 1: a hundred and fifty black players, and by all but 799 00:47:24,160 --> 00:47:27,640 Speaker 1: four major league teams had black players. There were a 800 00:47:27,640 --> 00:47:31,919 Speaker 1: few holdouts. Yeah. The Boston Red Sox notably were the last. 801 00:47:31,920 --> 00:47:35,880 Speaker 1: They waited until nineteen fifty nine, thirteen years after Jackie 802 00:47:35,920 --> 00:47:40,160 Speaker 1: Robinson's debut season. Yeah, in the in the minors. So 803 00:47:40,440 --> 00:47:42,960 Speaker 1: with the signing of Jackie Robinson and all the players 804 00:47:43,040 --> 00:47:46,400 Speaker 1: to follow, like you hinted at earlier, UM, and like 805 00:47:46,480 --> 00:47:49,960 Speaker 1: this article UH plainly says it was, it was a 806 00:47:50,040 --> 00:47:53,600 Speaker 1: very bitter sweet end um. And one way it was great, 807 00:47:53,800 --> 00:47:56,960 Speaker 1: the color barrier was smashed, the league was being integrated, 808 00:47:57,000 --> 00:48:00,719 Speaker 1: and they were getting their due. Um, although it was 809 00:48:00,760 --> 00:48:03,080 Speaker 1: a struggle. But in another way, it was also sad 810 00:48:03,160 --> 00:48:07,120 Speaker 1: that this league that had so much gumption and such 811 00:48:07,120 --> 00:48:13,000 Speaker 1: a great like we'll do it ourselves then attitude, uh, 812 00:48:13,080 --> 00:48:15,239 Speaker 1: and empower these men to play, and these people to 813 00:48:15,280 --> 00:48:17,920 Speaker 1: own these teams and start their own leagues. So it 814 00:48:18,000 --> 00:48:21,080 Speaker 1: was definitely like a weird time in history. It is, 815 00:48:21,239 --> 00:48:24,960 Speaker 1: like I think nowadays there's much more of a reverence 816 00:48:25,000 --> 00:48:29,640 Speaker 1: and a bit of mourning for the disappearance of that league. Um. 817 00:48:30,600 --> 00:48:33,319 Speaker 1: But you know, in another way, like I said, it 818 00:48:33,480 --> 00:48:38,200 Speaker 1: was smashing the color barrier was way more sure, way 819 00:48:38,200 --> 00:48:43,480 Speaker 1: more better. We just went into hulk speak. So yeah, 820 00:48:43,560 --> 00:48:45,759 Speaker 1: it would have been a much more satisfying end of 821 00:48:45,800 --> 00:48:48,360 Speaker 1: the whole thing if the Negro leagues had poached the 822 00:48:48,360 --> 00:48:52,160 Speaker 1: best players in the um white Major League Baseball. Oh. Actually, 823 00:48:52,200 --> 00:48:54,319 Speaker 1: you know what the best possible thing could have been 824 00:48:54,640 --> 00:48:59,640 Speaker 1: was if the white major leagues absorbed those teams and 825 00:49:00,000 --> 00:49:03,880 Speaker 1: owners and ownership. It's part of one big league. But 826 00:49:03,920 --> 00:49:05,840 Speaker 1: they were like, no, we're just gonna take your players 827 00:49:06,520 --> 00:49:11,800 Speaker 1: give them to us. So, um, that is Negro League Baseball, 828 00:49:11,880 --> 00:49:17,120 Speaker 1: the history of it. YEP officially disbanded in and this 829 00:49:17,200 --> 00:49:20,480 Speaker 1: article says into the nineteen fifties, there were still a 830 00:49:20,560 --> 00:49:23,560 Speaker 1: few teams playing here and there, and in the early 831 00:49:23,640 --> 00:49:28,600 Speaker 1: nineteen sixties even that was like one final team or 832 00:49:28,600 --> 00:49:31,239 Speaker 1: I guess one final pair of teams. I guess they 833 00:49:31,239 --> 00:49:35,279 Speaker 1: had to play somebody still playing, right, or they could 834 00:49:35,280 --> 00:49:38,560 Speaker 1: scrimmage themselves. Yeah, it says the Negro American League was 835 00:49:38,600 --> 00:49:41,120 Speaker 1: the last to throw in the town early sixties. Yeah. 836 00:49:41,239 --> 00:49:43,279 Speaker 1: So yeah, more than one team. And this article makes 837 00:49:43,280 --> 00:49:46,320 Speaker 1: a point today, or at least in two thousand twelve, UM, 838 00:49:46,480 --> 00:49:50,359 Speaker 1: major League baseball was non white, which I was like, 839 00:49:50,640 --> 00:49:53,880 Speaker 1: what I would have guessed it was the opposite of 840 00:49:53,920 --> 00:49:58,799 Speaker 1: that that I would not have gues of Major League 841 00:49:58,840 --> 00:50:02,160 Speaker 1: baseball players are white. Yeah, and you know, there's a 842 00:50:02,160 --> 00:50:05,200 Speaker 1: big push I think, like the one of the least 843 00:50:05,200 --> 00:50:10,439 Speaker 1: represented demographics now in pro baseball or African Americans. Yeah, 844 00:50:10,920 --> 00:50:14,359 Speaker 1: partially because of the rise of Latino players, um, and 845 00:50:14,400 --> 00:50:18,319 Speaker 1: then partially because they there's not a big a push 846 00:50:18,400 --> 00:50:22,879 Speaker 1: to play baseball these days as kids in America, and 847 00:50:23,000 --> 00:50:26,040 Speaker 1: so they're there. There's a lot of concerted efforts to 848 00:50:26,080 --> 00:50:30,239 Speaker 1: try and get baseball going again in black communities, UM, 849 00:50:30,280 --> 00:50:33,839 Speaker 1: which is awesome. You know. Yeah, I know I was pushed. 850 00:50:33,880 --> 00:50:35,279 Speaker 1: My dad was like, get out there and get hit 851 00:50:35,320 --> 00:50:37,280 Speaker 1: in the head with the ball. Let's see. I wouldn't allowed, 852 00:50:37,320 --> 00:50:40,960 Speaker 1: I would I had to play church softball, so lame. 853 00:50:42,280 --> 00:50:45,560 Speaker 1: Uh So, then the color bears broken, and now the 854 00:50:45,640 --> 00:50:50,640 Speaker 1: last vestige of any sort of color issue is the 855 00:50:50,719 --> 00:50:55,400 Speaker 1: Native American slurs that are rampant in in all sports 856 00:50:55,719 --> 00:50:58,480 Speaker 1: as far as teams go. Yeah, if you want to 857 00:50:58,480 --> 00:51:01,120 Speaker 1: know more about the negro Leagues, you can type those 858 00:51:01,160 --> 00:51:03,239 Speaker 1: words in the search bar at how Stuff works dot com. 859 00:51:03,320 --> 00:51:06,839 Speaker 1: You can also go check out this amazing article uh 860 00:51:06,960 --> 00:51:10,759 Speaker 1: called negro Leagues a Kaleidoscopic Review. It's on MLB dot 861 00:51:10,840 --> 00:51:14,360 Speaker 1: com by Stephen Goldman. Yeah, he's a great author. And 862 00:51:14,440 --> 00:51:18,040 Speaker 1: check out negro League Baseball dot com. They have like 863 00:51:18,160 --> 00:51:20,640 Speaker 1: all sorts of great profiles on the players and all 864 00:51:20,640 --> 00:51:24,239 Speaker 1: that stuff. We never said the nicknames? Oh yeah, should 865 00:51:24,239 --> 00:51:26,799 Speaker 1: we rattle off a few of those? Alright, boy, these 866 00:51:26,800 --> 00:51:31,240 Speaker 1: are some good nicknames. How about Jelly Gardner or Spooney Palm, 867 00:51:31,239 --> 00:51:35,320 Speaker 1: Turkey Sterns. Turkey Sterns he's the Hall of Famer, Copperney 868 00:51:35,440 --> 00:51:39,440 Speaker 1: Thompson or steel Arm Davis. I think you mentioned um 869 00:51:39,560 --> 00:51:43,200 Speaker 1: cool Papa Bell. Yeah, cool Papa Bell. That is the 870 00:51:43,239 --> 00:51:47,760 Speaker 1: greatest name ever. Uh, Possum Poles, Ace Adams, King Tuck, 871 00:51:48,080 --> 00:51:52,760 Speaker 1: Smokey Joe, Williams bullet Joe Rogan Not yeah, Joe Rogan. 872 00:51:53,080 --> 00:51:56,680 Speaker 1: Did you know that Rats Henderson boy Turkey Sterns. That 873 00:51:56,800 --> 00:51:58,960 Speaker 1: might be the best. That might be my new hotel 874 00:51:58,960 --> 00:52:03,480 Speaker 1: student them cool, Papa Joe. Yeah, but no one would 875 00:52:03,520 --> 00:52:05,880 Speaker 1: buy that at a hotel registry. Oh yeah, if you 876 00:52:05,920 --> 00:52:09,839 Speaker 1: go up and Sterns, they definitely go for Those are 877 00:52:09,840 --> 00:52:15,600 Speaker 1: great nicknames. All right? Oh yeah, okay, So now that 878 00:52:15,719 --> 00:52:20,520 Speaker 1: we said Turkey Sterns, it's time for listener mail. This 879 00:52:20,600 --> 00:52:23,799 Speaker 1: one I'm gonna call short and sweet. Um. What do 880 00:52:23,800 --> 00:52:30,640 Speaker 1: you call it when you remember something with a pneumatic device? Uh? No, 881 00:52:31,200 --> 00:52:35,520 Speaker 1: mnemonic when you remember it while you're pumping air up? 882 00:52:35,520 --> 00:52:40,320 Speaker 1: And was it nomadic? You remember it while you're wandering around? Pneumonic? 883 00:52:40,480 --> 00:52:43,480 Speaker 1: Of course? I feel like a dummy. How did you? 884 00:52:43,560 --> 00:52:45,960 Speaker 1: Josh and Chuck? A friend recommended your show to me recently, 885 00:52:45,960 --> 00:52:50,080 Speaker 1: and I love it. You satisfy all my nerdy entertainment requirements. 886 00:52:50,120 --> 00:52:52,480 Speaker 1: While in at orc Um you seem to have a 887 00:52:52,480 --> 00:53:00,640 Speaker 1: bit of trouble recalling the order of taxonomic taxonomic categories. Well, 888 00:53:00,680 --> 00:53:05,160 Speaker 1: I'm gonna have trouble in this nextes. During Wooly Mammoth 889 00:53:05,560 --> 00:53:09,680 Speaker 1: Uh not wooly mammoths, as our typo originally said, it 890 00:53:09,760 --> 00:53:11,799 Speaker 1: was my fault. That's all right, you just forgot to 891 00:53:11,840 --> 00:53:15,439 Speaker 1: know Wally. Uh. Here's an easy memory trick we learned 892 00:53:15,440 --> 00:53:20,360 Speaker 1: in high school biology. Kings play chess on fine green silk. 893 00:53:21,680 --> 00:53:25,560 Speaker 1: Kingdom Philum class order, family, genus species. I love that 894 00:53:25,600 --> 00:53:28,520 Speaker 1: stuff because I will never forget it. Now, that's not 895 00:53:28,600 --> 00:53:32,840 Speaker 1: a pnemonic device, is it. It's pneumatic. I have no 896 00:53:32,920 --> 00:53:35,040 Speaker 1: idea why this is still in my head over ten 897 00:53:35,120 --> 00:53:39,160 Speaker 1: years later. Well that's exactly why. Sure, Katie, So I 898 00:53:39,200 --> 00:53:42,200 Speaker 1: hope that helps. And that is Katie from West Texas. 899 00:53:42,800 --> 00:53:47,080 Speaker 1: Thanks a lot, Katie from West Texas. We appreciate that. Um. 900 00:53:47,320 --> 00:53:51,319 Speaker 1: Kings play chess on green silk, fine green silk. I'll 901 00:53:51,360 --> 00:53:54,920 Speaker 1: never remember the fine part. Yeah. Uh. If you want 902 00:53:54,960 --> 00:53:57,400 Speaker 1: to get in touch with us, you can tweet to 903 00:53:57,560 --> 00:54:00,000 Speaker 1: us at s Y s K podcast. You can also 904 00:54:00,120 --> 00:54:03,320 Speaker 1: hang out with me at Josh Underscore UM Underscore Clark 905 00:54:03,640 --> 00:54:06,719 Speaker 1: on Twitter. Uh. You can hang out with us on 906 00:54:06,760 --> 00:54:08,920 Speaker 1: Facebook dot com slash stuff you know, and check out 907 00:54:09,000 --> 00:54:13,440 Speaker 1: Chuck at Charles W. Bryant Charles W. Chuck Bryant appropriate 908 00:54:13,760 --> 00:54:16,120 Speaker 1: on Facebook as well. You can send us an email 909 00:54:16,160 --> 00:54:18,200 Speaker 1: to Stuff podcast at how stuff Works dot com and 910 00:54:18,239 --> 00:54:20,160 Speaker 1: has always joined us at our home on the web, 911 00:54:20,560 --> 00:54:28,279 Speaker 1: Stuff You Should Know dot com. For more on this 912 00:54:28,400 --> 00:54:30,919 Speaker 1: and thousands of other topics, is it how stuff Works 913 00:54:30,960 --> 00:54:38,600 Speaker 1: dot com.