WEBVTT - Short Stuff: The Mona Lisa

0:00:04.160 --> 0:00:07.120
<v Speaker 1>Hey, and welcome to the short stuff. I'm Josh, there's Chuck,

0:00:07.160 --> 0:00:10.040
<v Speaker 1>there's j j over there. Let's get to it and

0:00:10.080 --> 0:00:15.880
<v Speaker 1>talk about maybe the most famous painting in all the world. Perhaps,

0:00:16.720 --> 0:00:21.880
<v Speaker 1>Um sag Clown Hobo by John Wayne Gazy. Right, have

0:00:22.000 --> 0:00:26.520
<v Speaker 1>you seen the Mona Lisa I have same here. I'm

0:00:26.520 --> 0:00:29.520
<v Speaker 1>sure your first impression, like many people, it was huh

0:00:29.720 --> 0:00:33.040
<v Speaker 1>sure as small, it's it's impossible to not have. You

0:00:33.080 --> 0:00:35.160
<v Speaker 1>can go into it saying I'm not going to think

0:00:35.200 --> 0:00:38.080
<v Speaker 1>that I've been prepped. I'm not going to let myself

0:00:38.120 --> 0:00:40.239
<v Speaker 1>think that, and you will think that. Yeah, it's two

0:00:40.320 --> 0:00:43.600
<v Speaker 1>ft six inches by one nine inches. It's a small

0:00:43.640 --> 0:00:46.040
<v Speaker 1>little painting, it is, and they have it behind some

0:00:46.280 --> 0:00:51.360
<v Speaker 1>seriously protective casing. You can't get too terribly close to it,

0:00:51.400 --> 0:00:53.440
<v Speaker 1>and you can get kind of close, but not you know,

0:00:53.479 --> 0:00:57.160
<v Speaker 1>you can't just walk up right on it. And um,

0:00:57.200 --> 0:00:59.720
<v Speaker 1>I think we talked a lot about the why they

0:00:59.720 --> 0:01:01.680
<v Speaker 1>have it under that casing in our How the Louver

0:01:01.720 --> 0:01:04.720
<v Speaker 1>Works episode, if I remember correctly, Yeah, I think we

0:01:04.800 --> 0:01:07.240
<v Speaker 1>covered that. Uh, this is a little more about the

0:01:07.319 --> 0:01:11.800
<v Speaker 1>lady herself. Um, they think for sure that Mona Lisa

0:01:11.880 --> 0:01:14.960
<v Speaker 1>was a person, a real person, and there's been a

0:01:15.000 --> 0:01:18.319
<v Speaker 1>lot of debate over the years, but the current thinking is,

0:01:18.600 --> 0:01:23.760
<v Speaker 1>what's her name? Oh boy, is Lisa Gerardini del gian

0:01:23.840 --> 0:01:29.720
<v Speaker 1>Condo um also known as Lagio Conda very nice because

0:01:29.760 --> 0:01:33.400
<v Speaker 1>she's a lady and she was a wealthy woman married

0:01:33.440 --> 0:01:36.399
<v Speaker 1>to a wealthy silk merchant. And the thinking is that

0:01:36.800 --> 0:01:41.040
<v Speaker 1>he had this commissioned to celebrate the birth of their

0:01:41.319 --> 0:01:44.240
<v Speaker 1>impending birth of a child. Yeah, and it's bizarre to

0:01:44.280 --> 0:01:47.680
<v Speaker 1>think that we don't we don't know much about the

0:01:47.720 --> 0:01:50.800
<v Speaker 1>Mona Lisa. It's not that old. I mean, um, da

0:01:50.880 --> 0:01:56.960
<v Speaker 1>Vinci started it, and I think fifteen three is when

0:01:57.000 --> 0:01:59.000
<v Speaker 1>he started the painting exactly, which is what I was

0:01:59.040 --> 0:02:02.400
<v Speaker 1>going to say eventually. Um, So it's not it's not

0:02:02.440 --> 0:02:06.120
<v Speaker 1>so ridiculously old that that it's just completely lost to history.

0:02:06.120 --> 0:02:10.440
<v Speaker 1>And yet it is because the the Giocondo family never

0:02:10.520 --> 0:02:13.120
<v Speaker 1>took possession of it. And the reason that they think

0:02:13.600 --> 0:02:16.080
<v Speaker 1>that they're almost certain that that is who it is,

0:02:16.160 --> 0:02:20.359
<v Speaker 1>that it's led Giaconda in that painting, um, is that

0:02:20.400 --> 0:02:24.800
<v Speaker 1>there there was a book written about it in the

0:02:24.880 --> 0:02:28.520
<v Speaker 1>time that Leonardo da Vinci's sons were still alive and

0:02:28.560 --> 0:02:31.240
<v Speaker 1>so still around. To refute this, if it was incorrect

0:02:31.760 --> 0:02:33.799
<v Speaker 1>that it was her, that she was the one who

0:02:33.880 --> 0:02:36.640
<v Speaker 1>was seated there. And then years and years later somebody

0:02:36.639 --> 0:02:39.400
<v Speaker 1>found a margin note somewhere in some book or some

0:02:39.480 --> 0:02:45.400
<v Speaker 1>notebook that said as much that Lisa Giardini Guerardini sorry

0:02:45.760 --> 0:02:48.200
<v Speaker 1>um was the Mona Lisa, and that she was going

0:02:48.240 --> 0:02:50.040
<v Speaker 1>to be sitting for this work that Da Vinci was

0:02:50.080 --> 0:02:53.680
<v Speaker 1>working on. Right, and they speculate about the impending pregnancy

0:02:53.720 --> 0:02:56.320
<v Speaker 1>because she has some kind of loose clothing on, and

0:02:56.360 --> 0:03:01.519
<v Speaker 1>that little smile uh is interpreted as, Oh, guess what's coming.

0:03:01.680 --> 0:03:05.040
<v Speaker 1>I'm about to get birth. I can't wait. So we

0:03:05.080 --> 0:03:07.400
<v Speaker 1>should probably talk a little bit about the um the

0:03:07.520 --> 0:03:10.480
<v Speaker 1>artistry of the Mona Lisa. I'm gonna go ahead and

0:03:10.800 --> 0:03:15.800
<v Speaker 1>throw it out there. Yeah. Oh really, are you crazy?

0:03:15.840 --> 0:03:17.800
<v Speaker 1>You don't like it? It's not that I don't like it.

0:03:17.840 --> 0:03:21.440
<v Speaker 1>I'm just I'm not a big fan of portraiture period. Uh.

0:03:21.520 --> 0:03:24.920
<v Speaker 1>Not a lot of portraits knocked me out like others. Um.

0:03:25.560 --> 0:03:28.680
<v Speaker 1>Other paintings do. UM. I can appreciate them, for sure,

0:03:29.320 --> 0:03:31.520
<v Speaker 1>but I've never looked at a portrait and been like, man,

0:03:31.639 --> 0:03:33.720
<v Speaker 1>I want that in my house so bad. Not a

0:03:33.800 --> 0:03:37.720
<v Speaker 1>big Rembrand fan, huh. So, um, I think one of

0:03:37.760 --> 0:03:41.040
<v Speaker 1>the reasons I appreciated Chuck is because I recently saw

0:03:41.160 --> 0:03:47.000
<v Speaker 1>Decoding Da Vinci Cova, a little Nova documentary Tom Hanks movie. Yeah,

0:03:47.720 --> 0:03:49.840
<v Speaker 1>he's got a mullet in and running around all over

0:03:49.840 --> 0:03:53.080
<v Speaker 1>the place. Um No, this was this was even more

0:03:53.160 --> 0:03:57.880
<v Speaker 1>legitimate than that. But they really go into, you know,

0:03:58.000 --> 0:04:01.880
<v Speaker 1>the techniques that he used in this painting, especially this

0:04:01.960 --> 0:04:06.040
<v Speaker 1>Fu Mouto method he's very well known for, which uses

0:04:06.840 --> 0:04:10.280
<v Speaker 1>shading and and um some other stuff. You're gonna have

0:04:10.280 --> 0:04:12.720
<v Speaker 1>to watch the nov episode for it to be explained.

0:04:12.760 --> 0:04:17.120
<v Speaker 1>But but the upshot of it is there's no lines

0:04:17.960 --> 0:04:20.640
<v Speaker 1>in the Mona Lisa. There's no hard lines, there's no

0:04:20.839 --> 0:04:24.359
<v Speaker 1>he didn't paint a line, he suggested lines. Every line

0:04:24.400 --> 0:04:27.880
<v Speaker 1>in that painting doesn't actually exist. It's all an illusion

0:04:27.920 --> 0:04:31.039
<v Speaker 1>created by the painting techniques that he was using on

0:04:31.080 --> 0:04:34.240
<v Speaker 1>the Mona Lisa. And they really go to town explaining this,

0:04:34.320 --> 0:04:38.600
<v Speaker 1>and it really makes it that much easier to appreciate. Yeah.

0:04:38.640 --> 0:04:41.119
<v Speaker 1>Another thing that's mentioned here in the House of Works

0:04:41.200 --> 0:04:43.480
<v Speaker 1>article is the fact, and this kind of stood out

0:04:43.480 --> 0:04:46.440
<v Speaker 1>to me, is mostly when you see portraits, especially especially

0:04:46.480 --> 0:04:51.080
<v Speaker 1>oh my lord, uh from that era, is you have

0:04:51.200 --> 0:04:55.560
<v Speaker 1>someone in a room maybe and not necessarily a landscape

0:04:55.600 --> 0:04:59.080
<v Speaker 1>as well, or landscapes, and there were portraits and never

0:04:59.160 --> 0:05:03.080
<v Speaker 1>between shell meet, but he blended those two things together. Uh.

0:05:03.080 --> 0:05:05.720
<v Speaker 1>And there's a landscape behind the Mona Lisa and an

0:05:05.760 --> 0:05:08.760
<v Speaker 1>aerial perspective, and she's very much in a big open

0:05:08.839 --> 0:05:12.560
<v Speaker 1>space with this these mountains and winding paths behind her.

0:05:13.240 --> 0:05:15.480
<v Speaker 1>And your eye doesn't always go to that because you're

0:05:15.520 --> 0:05:19.320
<v Speaker 1>looking at that face and that smile, but that dreamy

0:05:19.400 --> 0:05:22.200
<v Speaker 1>landscape is certainly back there. Yeah, And I think what

0:05:22.200 --> 0:05:25.440
<v Speaker 1>what they're what they're remarking about is that is supposedly

0:05:25.480 --> 0:05:29.279
<v Speaker 1>an imaginary landscape and that people didn't paint imaginary ones.

0:05:29.720 --> 0:05:32.160
<v Speaker 1>And there're people have tried to prove that it actually

0:05:32.200 --> 0:05:35.960
<v Speaker 1>is an imaginary most recently a pair of Italian researchers

0:05:36.520 --> 0:05:40.560
<v Speaker 1>Olivia and Neshi and Rosetta Borkia. I don't do it

0:05:40.600 --> 0:05:42.760
<v Speaker 1>nearly as well as you, but they said, no, it's

0:05:42.760 --> 0:05:45.960
<v Speaker 1>this place in Montefeltro, in the east of Italy, east

0:05:45.960 --> 0:05:49.599
<v Speaker 1>of Florence on the Adriatic coast, and they're like, this

0:05:49.640 --> 0:05:52.440
<v Speaker 1>mountain is this one? This is this mountain? They said,

0:05:52.440 --> 0:05:54.800
<v Speaker 1>this bridge used to be there, but it's since been destroyed.

0:05:54.800 --> 0:05:56.560
<v Speaker 1>This lake is no longer here, is filled in my

0:05:56.640 --> 0:05:59.200
<v Speaker 1>mud sides. But they're pretty sure they pinpointed it. But

0:05:59.520 --> 0:06:03.040
<v Speaker 1>that doesn't necessarily mean they're correct. It's it's still speculative,

0:06:03.080 --> 0:06:04.760
<v Speaker 1>but they have they seem to have a pretty good

0:06:04.760 --> 0:06:06.320
<v Speaker 1>case to back it up. But a lot of the

0:06:06.440 --> 0:06:09.880
<v Speaker 1>position is that Legio Conda posed in front of that. No, no,

0:06:10.160 --> 0:06:13.279
<v Speaker 1>just that he he um he that's why he painted,

0:06:13.880 --> 0:06:17.440
<v Speaker 1>you know. Yeah, so so yeah. I don't think that

0:06:17.520 --> 0:06:19.920
<v Speaker 1>they were saying like he made her sit there for

0:06:19.960 --> 0:06:22.839
<v Speaker 1>four years or that she was ever even there, but

0:06:22.920 --> 0:06:25.120
<v Speaker 1>that it wasn't. Their point is that it's not a

0:06:25.160 --> 0:06:27.040
<v Speaker 1>made up landscape. Well no, I mean, I'm sure he

0:06:27.080 --> 0:06:28.799
<v Speaker 1>took a photograph of her right and then just worked

0:06:28.800 --> 0:06:33.120
<v Speaker 1>from that, knowing da Vinci, he probably did. I will

0:06:33.160 --> 0:06:37.080
<v Speaker 1>say that the Mona Lisa's eyes following you, the Mona

0:06:37.080 --> 0:06:39.920
<v Speaker 1>Lisa effect, which he did not invent, but it is

0:06:39.960 --> 0:06:43.520
<v Speaker 1>referred to that way anyway. And I know you're pretty um,

0:06:43.560 --> 0:06:46.560
<v Speaker 1>pretty into this idea that eyes can follow you, that

0:06:46.640 --> 0:06:50.240
<v Speaker 1>works on a laptop even it does, and and that's

0:06:50.240 --> 0:06:54.159
<v Speaker 1>a whole other short stuff if you ask me. But this, um,

0:06:54.240 --> 0:06:58.720
<v Speaker 1>this this Mona Lisa effect. That being called that the

0:06:58.720 --> 0:07:01.600
<v Speaker 1>eyes following you around the room. The meaning that's actually

0:07:01.600 --> 0:07:05.720
<v Speaker 1>a misnomer because they've proven that the Mona Lisa does

0:07:05.760 --> 0:07:09.320
<v Speaker 1>not actually demonstrate the Mona Lisa effect. It did to me, man,

0:07:09.840 --> 0:07:12.040
<v Speaker 1>does it? I mean, I don't know. Maybe it was

0:07:13.320 --> 0:07:15.480
<v Speaker 1>the fact that I got super drunk at lunch, but

0:07:16.600 --> 0:07:19.240
<v Speaker 1>I was sitting at my desk and I was I

0:07:19.320 --> 0:07:21.640
<v Speaker 1>was going, you know, heavy, back and forth to the

0:07:21.720 --> 0:07:23.960
<v Speaker 1>left and right, and they seemed to be following me.

0:07:24.280 --> 0:07:27.120
<v Speaker 1>Or maybe it was suggested so I saw it that way.

0:07:27.160 --> 0:07:29.400
<v Speaker 1>I don't know. I wonder that, man, I wonder if

0:07:29.440 --> 0:07:32.920
<v Speaker 1>that is because when I looked and saw that she

0:07:33.000 --> 0:07:35.120
<v Speaker 1>doesn't have that effect, I was like, oh, yeah, I

0:07:35.160 --> 0:07:39.560
<v Speaker 1>totally see it. They some researchers measured where people pointed

0:07:39.600 --> 0:07:42.040
<v Speaker 1>on the screen or pointed on themselves where she was looking,

0:07:42.360 --> 0:07:45.760
<v Speaker 1>and most people said she was looking past them to

0:07:45.880 --> 0:07:50.200
<v Speaker 1>their right about a thirty degree angle. H Well, it

0:07:50.240 --> 0:07:53.040
<v Speaker 1>may have been power suggestion, yeah, for both of us.

0:07:53.080 --> 0:07:55.440
<v Speaker 1>Who knows. All right, Well, let's take a break here

0:07:55.640 --> 0:07:59.320
<v Speaker 1>and then we'll here you will hear we will say

0:08:00.040 --> 0:08:02.640
<v Speaker 1>a little bit about when and why the Mona Lisa

0:08:02.680 --> 0:08:31.560
<v Speaker 1>became soups famous. Alright, Chuck, I thought that break would

0:08:31.600 --> 0:08:36.080
<v Speaker 1>never come, right. So, um, it's funny to think as

0:08:36.120 --> 0:08:38.800
<v Speaker 1>famous as the Mona Lisa is, but she was fairly

0:08:38.840 --> 0:08:43.320
<v Speaker 1>neglected by the world until the mid nineteenth century. And

0:08:43.360 --> 0:08:46.440
<v Speaker 1>even then, just like a small little group of French

0:08:47.080 --> 0:08:51.080
<v Speaker 1>art critics finally discovered you know this da Vinci painting,

0:08:51.080 --> 0:08:54.240
<v Speaker 1>and we're like, this is a masterpiece. This is an

0:08:54.240 --> 0:08:58.120
<v Speaker 1>amazing work of Renaissance art. We haven't noticed all these

0:08:58.240 --> 0:09:00.920
<v Speaker 1>few hundred years, but it's amazing. They didn't really tell

0:09:00.960 --> 0:09:04.040
<v Speaker 1>the rest of the world, and people like the Mona

0:09:04.080 --> 0:09:06.680
<v Speaker 1>Lisa was fine, but it wasn't until she was stolen

0:09:06.720 --> 0:09:09.080
<v Speaker 1>off of the wall in the Louver in nineteen eleven

0:09:09.400 --> 0:09:12.439
<v Speaker 1>that the world really sat up and took notice. It's

0:09:12.520 --> 0:09:15.200
<v Speaker 1>very much like that Cinderella song, you don't know what

0:09:15.320 --> 0:09:19.199
<v Speaker 1>you got until it's gone. That happened with the Mona

0:09:19.240 --> 0:09:23.480
<v Speaker 1>Lisa too. I think they wrote that about the Mona Lisa, right, probably, Yeah,

0:09:23.480 --> 0:09:28.160
<v Speaker 1>August twenty one, nineteen eleven. There were three handymen that

0:09:28.840 --> 0:09:31.360
<v Speaker 1>just kind of went out the side door with the

0:09:31.440 --> 0:09:34.640
<v Speaker 1>Mona Lisa. It took twenty six and this was kind

0:09:34.679 --> 0:09:37.439
<v Speaker 1>of evidence that she wasn't that big of a deal.

0:09:37.520 --> 0:09:39.960
<v Speaker 1>Yet it took a whole twenty six hours before anyone

0:09:40.000 --> 0:09:43.680
<v Speaker 1>even noticed she was gone. And um whereas today you know,

0:09:43.840 --> 0:09:47.320
<v Speaker 1>there would be alarm bells like second it was removed,

0:09:48.679 --> 0:09:52.319
<v Speaker 1>but it was put in the papers and all of

0:09:52.360 --> 0:09:54.520
<v Speaker 1>a sudden it kind of ran away in the press.

0:09:54.600 --> 0:09:58.000
<v Speaker 1>The loop shut down for a week and everyone from

0:09:58.040 --> 0:10:02.680
<v Speaker 1>Pablo Picasso to JP Morgan were named as potential suspects. Yeah,

0:10:02.760 --> 0:10:05.559
<v Speaker 1>they thought they thought JP Morgan was financing people to

0:10:05.679 --> 0:10:09.800
<v Speaker 1>steal them for steal like artworks for him. Amazing. Yeah,

0:10:09.840 --> 0:10:12.000
<v Speaker 1>and actually it's funny that raised this other thing. Chuck

0:10:12.040 --> 0:10:16.360
<v Speaker 1>real quick, there's um there are accusations against wealthy Chinese people,

0:10:17.120 --> 0:10:24.319
<v Speaker 1>um like who are funding art heists to repatriate Chinese art.

0:10:24.880 --> 0:10:27.600
<v Speaker 1>Interesting if there's like a whole string of art heists

0:10:27.600 --> 0:10:31.240
<v Speaker 1>around the world that are just um ancient Chinese works

0:10:31.240 --> 0:10:34.160
<v Speaker 1>of art and they think that some people in China

0:10:34.160 --> 0:10:36.760
<v Speaker 1>are financing it. It's It was a g Q article

0:10:36.800 --> 0:10:39.960
<v Speaker 1>called the Great Chinese Art Heist. Wow. Well, I certainly

0:10:40.000 --> 0:10:43.000
<v Speaker 1>believe in repatriation to a certain degree, but I don't

0:10:43.000 --> 0:10:46.720
<v Speaker 1>know if you should go to that length, right, Uh So, anyway,

0:10:46.880 --> 0:10:50.360
<v Speaker 1>the newspapers get it out, Lou shuts down. People were

0:10:50.360 --> 0:10:52.640
<v Speaker 1>coming to the museum to see what was known as

0:10:52.960 --> 0:10:56.679
<v Speaker 1>the Mark of Shame, that empty, you know, non cigarette

0:10:56.720 --> 0:11:00.640
<v Speaker 1>stained square on the wall, and every one went and went,

0:11:00.800 --> 0:11:06.679
<v Speaker 1>is that how big it is? That little non dusty square. Uh.

0:11:06.720 --> 0:11:09.080
<v Speaker 1>And then it took a full twenty eight months for

0:11:09.120 --> 0:11:12.319
<v Speaker 1>this thing to finally reappear with an attempted re sale

0:11:12.880 --> 0:11:18.560
<v Speaker 1>from Vincenzo Perugia, and the owner of the art gallery

0:11:18.600 --> 0:11:21.720
<v Speaker 1>that was being offered this painting said, yeah, this is

0:11:21.760 --> 0:11:24.120
<v Speaker 1>the mona Lisa. You know what, I'm gonna make sure

0:11:24.200 --> 0:11:26.880
<v Speaker 1>you get a good reward for this. Just stick around

0:11:26.880 --> 0:11:28.760
<v Speaker 1>and stay right there. I'm gonna go in the other

0:11:28.800 --> 0:11:31.000
<v Speaker 1>room and make a quick phone call to the reward

0:11:31.080 --> 0:11:34.599
<v Speaker 1>center right and make sure you get your rewards and

0:11:34.800 --> 0:11:37.640
<v Speaker 1>just reward right there, reward. And then Homer Simpson just

0:11:37.640 --> 0:11:42.000
<v Speaker 1>stood in place and waited for the Italian uhl at

0:11:42.000 --> 0:11:46.040
<v Speaker 1>the com Yeah and he uh he got busted and

0:11:46.360 --> 0:11:48.640
<v Speaker 1>he got eight months in prison for this. It was

0:11:48.640 --> 0:11:51.560
<v Speaker 1>a pretty big art heist. But he was in Florence

0:11:51.600 --> 0:11:53.960
<v Speaker 1>trying to sell it. So he's stolen from the Louver

0:11:54.000 --> 0:11:57.719
<v Speaker 1>in Paris and His defense was, Napoleon stole this from

0:11:57.840 --> 0:12:01.840
<v Speaker 1>us uh, and I was repaid treating it myself. And

0:12:01.920 --> 0:12:04.600
<v Speaker 1>I think he actually kind of got you know, eight

0:12:04.640 --> 0:12:06.800
<v Speaker 1>months isn't exactly a slap on the wrist, but it's

0:12:06.840 --> 0:12:10.440
<v Speaker 1>also not a um, a ridiculous sentence, either for for

0:12:10.480 --> 0:12:13.080
<v Speaker 1>what he got so or for what he did so. Um.

0:12:13.120 --> 0:12:15.640
<v Speaker 1>I think that actually helped that defense worked. Do you

0:12:15.640 --> 0:12:18.320
<v Speaker 1>know if he read it out his two buddies, I

0:12:18.440 --> 0:12:20.320
<v Speaker 1>don't know, And I don't know if it would have

0:12:20.360 --> 0:12:23.040
<v Speaker 1>mattered because he was the one that lived with it

0:12:23.080 --> 0:12:26.000
<v Speaker 1>in like the false bottom of his steamer trunk in

0:12:26.040 --> 0:12:29.800
<v Speaker 1>his apartment for two years before he he tried to

0:12:29.800 --> 0:12:31.959
<v Speaker 1>sell it, so I don't know if it would have

0:12:32.000 --> 0:12:34.160
<v Speaker 1>helped at all. Man, I wish I had a false

0:12:34.200 --> 0:12:40.079
<v Speaker 1>bottom steamer trunk. Those are would be pretty handy. Oh oh,

0:12:40.280 --> 0:12:42.360
<v Speaker 1>I thought you meant like a bottom. No no, no,

0:12:42.400 --> 0:12:45.360
<v Speaker 1>it just a false bottom trunk sings like false bottom girls.

0:12:45.360 --> 0:12:47.200
<v Speaker 1>They make the rock and world go around kind of

0:12:47.440 --> 0:12:51.600
<v Speaker 1>false bottom. Stop it. Can we say that it's not

0:12:51.640 --> 0:12:54.840
<v Speaker 1>the seventies any longer? I think we're okay, okay, do

0:12:54.840 --> 0:12:58.800
<v Speaker 1>you got anything else? Nothing? Well? Then everybody short stuff

0:12:58.840 --> 0:13:05.040
<v Speaker 1>says Rivadrech. Stuff You Should Know is a production of

0:13:05.040 --> 0:13:07.839
<v Speaker 1>i Heeart Radio's How Stuff Works. For more podcasts for

0:13:07.920 --> 0:13:10.920
<v Speaker 1>my heart Radio, visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts,

0:13:10.960 --> 0:13:15.719
<v Speaker 1>or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. H