1 00:00:05,200 --> 00:00:05,480 Speaker 1: Slow. 2 00:00:09,160 --> 00:00:13,080 Speaker 2: United Airlines Flight one five four starts to Honolulu. When 3 00:00:13,080 --> 00:00:15,360 Speaker 2: it leaves, it carries not only a full load of passages, 4 00:00:15,640 --> 00:00:18,040 Speaker 2: but also a mechanic and spare parts for the plane. 5 00:00:19,160 --> 00:00:22,040 Speaker 2: On its journey, it stops in the Marshall Islands at 6 00:00:22,040 --> 00:00:25,280 Speaker 2: Marjora and Quadulin before heading west to make three stops 7 00:00:25,320 --> 00:00:29,640 Speaker 2: in Micronesia, and finally it stops in Guan. The next day, 8 00:00:29,920 --> 00:00:32,040 Speaker 2: it turns around does the same route in a reverse 9 00:00:32,920 --> 00:00:34,960 Speaker 2: landing in Majorro you can see the ocean on both 10 00:00:35,000 --> 00:00:38,519 Speaker 2: sides of the plane. In fact, you can see the 11 00:00:38,560 --> 00:00:40,640 Speaker 2: ocean on both sides of the plane from a disturbingly 12 00:00:40,680 --> 00:00:43,720 Speaker 2: low height, and despite this being one of the larger 13 00:00:43,760 --> 00:00:46,280 Speaker 2: islands in the Marshall Islands, it almost looks like the 14 00:00:46,280 --> 00:00:49,080 Speaker 2: plane won't fit on it without a wingtip overhanging the lagoon. 15 00:00:49,920 --> 00:00:52,080 Speaker 2: The plane does fit, of course, and there's even room 16 00:00:52,159 --> 00:00:54,240 Speaker 2: left at Major Airport for the best airport bar that 17 00:00:54,280 --> 00:00:57,720 Speaker 2: I've ever seen. But even after a couple of hours 18 00:00:57,720 --> 00:01:00,800 Speaker 2: in the company of the island's finest whiskey collection, it's 19 00:01:00,880 --> 00:01:02,720 Speaker 2: very clear that the Marshall Islands are in a great 20 00:01:02,760 --> 00:01:05,320 Speaker 2: deal of danger when it comes to rising sea levels. 21 00:01:05,840 --> 00:01:07,959 Speaker 2: The Marshall Islands don't have much land to begin with, 22 00:01:08,319 --> 00:01:11,039 Speaker 2: and through no fault of their own, their island paradise 23 00:01:11,200 --> 00:01:15,039 Speaker 2: is being gradually lost to the ocean. Start with, I 24 00:01:15,080 --> 00:01:17,480 Speaker 2: want to let Kathy Gentle Kitchener, the poet who he 25 00:01:17,480 --> 00:01:20,399 Speaker 2: heard from yesterday, outline the scale of the threat. 26 00:01:21,080 --> 00:01:23,640 Speaker 3: Climate change is a challenge that few want to take on, 27 00:01:24,280 --> 00:01:27,920 Speaker 3: but the price of inaction is so high. Those of 28 00:01:28,000 --> 00:01:32,800 Speaker 3: us from Oceania are already experiencing it firsthand. We've seen 29 00:01:32,880 --> 00:01:35,759 Speaker 3: waves crashing into our homes and our bread fruit trees 30 00:01:35,800 --> 00:01:38,720 Speaker 3: wither from the salt and drought. We look at our 31 00:01:38,800 --> 00:01:41,720 Speaker 3: children and wonder how they will know themselves or their 32 00:01:41,760 --> 00:01:46,760 Speaker 3: culture should we lose our islands. Climate change affects not 33 00:01:46,800 --> 00:01:51,880 Speaker 3: only US islanders, it threatens the entire world. To tackle it, 34 00:01:51,920 --> 00:01:55,360 Speaker 3: we need a radical change. Of course, this isn't easy. 35 00:01:55,560 --> 00:01:55,880 Speaker 4: I know. 36 00:01:56,800 --> 00:02:00,880 Speaker 3: It means ending carbon pollution within my lifetime. It means 37 00:02:00,920 --> 00:02:04,600 Speaker 3: supporting those of us most affected to prepare for unavoidable 38 00:02:04,600 --> 00:02:09,760 Speaker 3: climate impacts, and it means taking responsibility for irreversible loss 39 00:02:09,760 --> 00:02:13,920 Speaker 3: and damage caused by greenhouse gas emissions. The people who 40 00:02:14,000 --> 00:02:18,400 Speaker 3: support this movement are indigenous mothers like me, families like 41 00:02:18,520 --> 00:02:22,760 Speaker 3: mine and millions more standing up for the changes needed 42 00:02:22,880 --> 00:02:26,800 Speaker 3: and working to make them happen. I ask world leaders 43 00:02:26,840 --> 00:02:30,280 Speaker 3: to take us all along on your ride. We won't 44 00:02:30,320 --> 00:02:33,840 Speaker 3: slow you down, will help you win the most important 45 00:02:33,960 --> 00:02:37,280 Speaker 3: race of all, the race to save humanity. 46 00:02:38,320 --> 00:02:41,840 Speaker 2: Currently, Pacific island nations are responsible for less than zero 47 00:02:41,919 --> 00:02:45,360 Speaker 2: points zero three percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, but 48 00:02:45,440 --> 00:02:48,880 Speaker 2: the United Elations estimates that more than fifty thousand people 49 00:02:49,000 --> 00:02:51,639 Speaker 2: in the Pacific displaced every year, many of them by 50 00:02:51,639 --> 00:02:56,120 Speaker 2: climate change. Of course, people leave for other reasons. Perhaps 51 00:02:56,160 --> 00:02:57,919 Speaker 2: they're looking for work, which can be hard to find 52 00:02:57,960 --> 00:03:00,560 Speaker 2: on a small land, or perhaps they won the uptunities 53 00:03:00,560 --> 00:03:03,920 Speaker 2: at the United States life offers. Thanks to their Compact 54 00:03:03,919 --> 00:03:06,720 Speaker 2: of Free Association, Marshalise people can live and work in 55 00:03:06,760 --> 00:03:10,360 Speaker 2: the USA without a visa. Most Marshallyse people who do 56 00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:13,800 Speaker 2: leave the islands move to Springdale, Arkansas. It's where the 57 00:03:13,880 --> 00:03:17,399 Speaker 2: largest off island Marshallese community is gathered, and they tend 58 00:03:17,400 --> 00:03:19,800 Speaker 2: to cluster around the reliable jobs offered by the Tyson 59 00:03:19,880 --> 00:03:23,720 Speaker 2: Chicken Factory. In twenty twenty, the Tyson Chicken Factory remained 60 00:03:23,760 --> 00:03:26,600 Speaker 2: open during lockdowns, and people who had left the islands 61 00:03:26,600 --> 00:03:28,440 Speaker 2: for a more steady income and a better chance for 62 00:03:28,480 --> 00:03:31,840 Speaker 2: a stable future, suddenly face more great risks at work. 63 00:03:32,760 --> 00:03:35,240 Speaker 2: Life is by no means easy for marshal Ease people, 64 00:03:35,400 --> 00:03:37,840 Speaker 2: both in the US and at home, and the choices 65 00:03:37,880 --> 00:03:41,600 Speaker 2: they face because of climate change constricting global economy and 66 00:03:41,640 --> 00:03:43,800 Speaker 2: the United States refusing to pay its fair share of 67 00:03:43,800 --> 00:03:47,720 Speaker 2: compensation don't make that any easier. On my last night 68 00:03:47,800 --> 00:03:49,720 Speaker 2: in the Marshall Islands, I was having a beer in 69 00:03:49,760 --> 00:03:53,240 Speaker 2: a bar and chatting with a local journalist. I asked 70 00:03:53,320 --> 00:03:55,480 Speaker 2: him what I should write. He said that I needed 71 00:03:55,480 --> 00:03:57,920 Speaker 2: to tell you that people in the RMI aren't moving 72 00:03:57,960 --> 00:04:01,400 Speaker 2: because they're afraid of waves. We're not afraid of the ocean, 73 00:04:01,520 --> 00:04:04,200 Speaker 2: he said. We're ocean people. We go in the ocean 74 00:04:04,240 --> 00:04:07,360 Speaker 2: every day. He was right, of course. The drivers of 75 00:04:07,360 --> 00:04:10,680 Speaker 2: migration are complicated, and they always have been. I always 76 00:04:10,720 --> 00:04:13,000 Speaker 2: tell people who ask me what I cover that they 77 00:04:13,040 --> 00:04:16,640 Speaker 2: cover climate and conflict and migration, because in fact they're 78 00:04:16,680 --> 00:04:20,720 Speaker 2: largely the same things. There are many reasons for migrating 79 00:04:20,760 --> 00:04:23,119 Speaker 2: from the Marshall Islands. If there are people who have left, 80 00:04:23,400 --> 00:04:26,520 Speaker 2: and all of them are valid, But everyone I spoke to, 81 00:04:26,839 --> 00:04:28,800 Speaker 2: whether they'd left or come back or stayed there their 82 00:04:28,800 --> 00:04:32,440 Speaker 2: whole lives were pretty clear that nobody wants the community 83 00:04:32,480 --> 00:04:35,240 Speaker 2: to leave. The people of the Marshall Islands love their 84 00:04:35,279 --> 00:04:37,880 Speaker 2: islands and they want to raise their children and grandchildren 85 00:04:37,880 --> 00:04:41,279 Speaker 2: on their ancestral land. But the people making the choices 86 00:04:41,279 --> 00:04:43,400 Speaker 2: that impact their ability to do that are a long 87 00:04:43,520 --> 00:04:46,159 Speaker 2: way from the lagoon that's creeping closer and closer to 88 00:04:46,200 --> 00:04:50,240 Speaker 2: the houses around Magro at all. Climate change making the 89 00:04:50,240 --> 00:04:53,840 Speaker 2: islands uninhabitable doesn't necessarily mean they'll be swallowed entirely by 90 00:04:53,880 --> 00:04:57,800 Speaker 2: the ocean long before the last scrap of land disappears. 91 00:04:58,040 --> 00:05:01,320 Speaker 2: The rising saltwater will kill bread fruit trees, and flooding 92 00:05:01,360 --> 00:05:04,640 Speaker 2: will destroy homes. To get a center of that threat, 93 00:05:05,120 --> 00:05:06,400 Speaker 2: we spoke to a meteorologist. 94 00:05:07,040 --> 00:05:12,719 Speaker 5: I'm regally white, Regional White, and I'm the meteorologist in church. 95 00:05:12,640 --> 00:05:16,040 Speaker 2: Here ready explained what climate change might do to make 96 00:05:16,040 --> 00:05:18,920 Speaker 2: the islands less easy to live on and eventually perhaps 97 00:05:18,960 --> 00:05:22,320 Speaker 2: impossible to live on. If something doesn't change, it's hard 98 00:05:22,360 --> 00:05:25,200 Speaker 2: for people to see these kind of creeping changes. When 99 00:05:25,200 --> 00:05:28,320 Speaker 2: we think about climate change rendering an island uninhabitable, we 100 00:05:28,400 --> 00:05:30,960 Speaker 2: think about that island ceasing to exist, or the house 101 00:05:31,040 --> 00:05:33,560 Speaker 2: is being swept away. By a storm searge or a 102 00:05:33,560 --> 00:05:36,960 Speaker 2: massive king tide perhaps, but in fact the changes are 103 00:05:36,960 --> 00:05:39,120 Speaker 2: more gradual, but no less destructive. 104 00:05:39,920 --> 00:05:43,000 Speaker 5: We have to go back to the imagion scenarios that 105 00:05:43,120 --> 00:05:48,400 Speaker 5: IP is produced, and based on them, worst case scenario, 106 00:05:48,600 --> 00:05:50,200 Speaker 5: if we look at it, I have to open up 107 00:05:50,240 --> 00:05:52,760 Speaker 5: the computer and look at the table. But in one 108 00:05:52,800 --> 00:05:57,039 Speaker 5: hundred years we may be not complete listening, and that's 109 00:05:57,080 --> 00:06:00,520 Speaker 5: not what's important here. What is important is that lens. 110 00:06:00,400 --> 00:06:04,680 Speaker 6: Will be uninevitable way before they sink, because we will 111 00:06:04,720 --> 00:06:07,000 Speaker 6: not be able to drive on the road. We will 112 00:06:07,040 --> 00:06:09,599 Speaker 6: not be able to rely on our water lenses because 113 00:06:09,640 --> 00:06:13,479 Speaker 6: they'll all have salt water into them. As more and 114 00:06:13,640 --> 00:06:17,400 Speaker 6: more frequent salt water introgs and get on top and 115 00:06:17,520 --> 00:06:20,360 Speaker 6: down into the water lens, they will be undrinkable. 116 00:06:20,960 --> 00:06:27,640 Speaker 5: So at what stage can we put that target. I'm 117 00:06:27,680 --> 00:06:29,919 Speaker 5: not comfortable at this moment to point that out, but 118 00:06:30,040 --> 00:06:32,359 Speaker 5: I think anyone of us can look at the numbers 119 00:06:32,360 --> 00:06:36,520 Speaker 5: and decide, based on this emission scenario, this is the day. 120 00:06:36,640 --> 00:06:39,560 Speaker 5: Based on that the mission scenario, that is the day. 121 00:06:39,760 --> 00:06:44,640 Speaker 5: So there's not a set day or a what do 122 00:06:44,640 --> 00:06:46,760 Speaker 5: you call it the hair that broke the camel's back? 123 00:06:48,279 --> 00:06:50,200 Speaker 5: What was it. What was the American saying? 124 00:06:52,440 --> 00:06:55,520 Speaker 2: As Reggie explained, the impact of rising sea levels is 125 00:06:55,560 --> 00:06:58,400 Speaker 2: already being seen, particularly in the case of flooding. 126 00:06:58,960 --> 00:07:02,680 Speaker 5: Oh, there are many but in a low lying at all, 127 00:07:02,960 --> 00:07:08,080 Speaker 5: your most concerned is flooding, coastal flooding. So we've seen 128 00:07:08,600 --> 00:07:13,600 Speaker 5: more frequent flooding during Landinia. Laninea is the face where 129 00:07:13,640 --> 00:07:18,080 Speaker 5: in the Marshall Islands specifically, you get elevated sea levels 130 00:07:18,240 --> 00:07:23,320 Speaker 5: about ten centimeters or so eight to twelve inches on 131 00:07:23,400 --> 00:07:26,120 Speaker 5: top of the normal sea level at any given time. 132 00:07:26,320 --> 00:07:31,400 Speaker 5: So when there is a storm search king tide, those 133 00:07:31,440 --> 00:07:35,560 Speaker 5: things compound on one another to give us more frequent 134 00:07:35,920 --> 00:07:38,800 Speaker 5: coastal floodings in the low lying areas. If you go 135 00:07:38,880 --> 00:07:42,160 Speaker 5: in the bag of Measuro, you will see people building 136 00:07:42,240 --> 00:07:46,200 Speaker 5: up sea walls to protect their properties. With those sea 137 00:07:46,200 --> 00:07:50,360 Speaker 5: walls the impact has been lessened a bit, but without 138 00:07:50,360 --> 00:07:55,200 Speaker 5: those sea walls, nuisance flooding has been almost a monthly 139 00:07:55,360 --> 00:07:57,760 Speaker 5: occurrence during Alminium phases. 140 00:07:58,960 --> 00:08:02,320 Speaker 2: In twenty twenty one, the World Bank and the Marshalleasee 141 00:08:02,320 --> 00:08:06,080 Speaker 2: government produced a report which allowed visualization of the impact 142 00:08:06,080 --> 00:08:10,400 Speaker 2: of climate change on each building in Marjuro in broad strokes. 143 00:08:10,560 --> 00:08:14,000 Speaker 2: The report stated that quote, rising sea levels and the 144 00:08:14,040 --> 00:08:16,960 Speaker 2: atoll nation of the Marshall Islands are projected to endanger 145 00:08:17,080 --> 00:08:20,920 Speaker 2: forty percent of existing buildings in the capitol Marjoro, with 146 00:08:21,120 --> 00:08:23,760 Speaker 2: ninety six percent of the city at risk for frequent 147 00:08:23,840 --> 00:08:27,240 Speaker 2: flooding introduced by climate change. According to a World Bank study, 148 00:08:28,400 --> 00:08:30,880 Speaker 2: change seems to be very hard for the corporations and 149 00:08:30,920 --> 00:08:35,000 Speaker 2: governments most responsible for it. Indeed, one could argue that 150 00:08:35,080 --> 00:08:38,360 Speaker 2: seeing that change is hard because of those corporations and governments. 151 00:08:39,200 --> 00:08:43,760 Speaker 2: Namia Rescuers, a Harvard historian of science, studies the propaganda 152 00:08:43,880 --> 00:08:46,720 Speaker 2: that has allowed major corporations to deny the damage they 153 00:08:46,760 --> 00:08:49,800 Speaker 2: do to the planet and generate massive profits by not 154 00:08:49,840 --> 00:08:54,400 Speaker 2: paying for the negative externalities of their actions. Negative externalities, 155 00:08:54,440 --> 00:08:57,160 Speaker 2: if you're not familiar, are the costs that their business 156 00:08:57,200 --> 00:09:01,000 Speaker 2: imposes on other people but they don't pay. In her 157 00:09:01,040 --> 00:09:05,320 Speaker 2: book Merchants of Doubt, Arescus traces how nuclear testing did 158 00:09:05,440 --> 00:09:08,360 Speaker 2: huge damage to the ozone layer. Indeed, much of the 159 00:09:08,400 --> 00:09:11,480 Speaker 2: technology we used today to track global climate change was 160 00:09:11,520 --> 00:09:14,920 Speaker 2: developed using government money. Part of the reason why was 161 00:09:14,920 --> 00:09:17,400 Speaker 2: to assess with the Soviet Union was doing nuclear testing 162 00:09:17,440 --> 00:09:21,320 Speaker 2: by tracking the environmental damage that was done using some 163 00:09:21,400 --> 00:09:25,360 Speaker 2: of the data these instruments created, scientists, among them Carl Sagan, 164 00:09:25,760 --> 00:09:28,480 Speaker 2: began to discuss the possibility of a nuclear winter and 165 00:09:28,520 --> 00:09:31,280 Speaker 2: the fact that any use of nuclear weapons, or even 166 00:09:31,320 --> 00:09:34,479 Speaker 2: a nuclear accident, could put the future of all humanity 167 00:09:34,480 --> 00:09:38,360 Speaker 2: at risk. Unsurprisingly, as huge public relations effort spun up 168 00:09:38,600 --> 00:09:40,800 Speaker 2: to dismiss the idea of nuclear winter and attack the 169 00:09:40,840 --> 00:09:44,679 Speaker 2: concept of nuclear war being an unwinnable proposition. There was, 170 00:09:44,760 --> 00:09:47,480 Speaker 2: after all, a huge amount of money at stick. In 171 00:09:47,520 --> 00:09:50,280 Speaker 2: an excellent New York CARESSI on the subject, Jill Lapour, 172 00:09:50,520 --> 00:09:54,840 Speaker 2: another Harvard historian, outlines a campaign to discredit those scientists 173 00:09:54,880 --> 00:09:58,000 Speaker 2: and their claims. In nineteen eighty four, in an effort 174 00:09:58,000 --> 00:10:00,200 Speaker 2: to count to Carl Sagan and to defend what was 175 00:10:00,240 --> 00:10:04,520 Speaker 2: called the Strategic Defense Initiative, the George C. Marshall Institute 176 00:10:04,600 --> 00:10:08,840 Speaker 2: was founded by Robert Jastro, a NASA physicist, Frederick Seitz, 177 00:10:09,000 --> 00:10:12,040 Speaker 2: a former president of the National Academy of Sciences, and 178 00:10:12,080 --> 00:10:16,120 Speaker 2: William Nieremberg, a past director at Script's Institute of Oceanography 179 00:10:16,200 --> 00:10:19,600 Speaker 2: Right here where I live in San Diego. The Marshall 180 00:10:19,679 --> 00:10:23,720 Speaker 2: Institute began trying to get PBS to not air documentaries 181 00:10:23,760 --> 00:10:28,040 Speaker 2: opposing the strategic defense initiative, the so called star Wars 182 00:10:28,120 --> 00:10:30,800 Speaker 2: program wouldn't be of any use of a single nuclear 183 00:10:30,840 --> 00:10:34,800 Speaker 2: incident could trigger devastating change in the global climate. Another 184 00:10:34,840 --> 00:10:38,520 Speaker 2: Master Institute scientist, Seltz's cousin, Russell, who was a physicist 185 00:10:38,559 --> 00:10:41,160 Speaker 2: at Harvard Center for International Affairs, published an essay in 186 00:10:41,200 --> 00:10:43,720 Speaker 2: the National Interest in the fall of nineteen eighty six 187 00:10:44,240 --> 00:10:47,120 Speaker 2: dismissing the idea of nuclear winter and saying it was 188 00:10:47,160 --> 00:10:51,360 Speaker 2: nothing but a series of long conjectures. He described the 189 00:10:51,440 --> 00:10:55,680 Speaker 2: nuclear winter theory as dead course of death, notorious lack 190 00:10:55,720 --> 00:10:59,599 Speaker 2: of scientific integrity. By nineteen eighty eight, the Institute of 191 00:10:59,600 --> 00:11:03,160 Speaker 2: pivoty and It began publishing the first of many papers 192 00:11:03,440 --> 00:11:08,040 Speaker 2: on climate change. Other scientists there, including Fred Singer, challenged 193 00:11:08,080 --> 00:11:10,959 Speaker 2: the model that predicted a nuclear winter. They've gone on 194 00:11:11,000 --> 00:11:13,080 Speaker 2: to do the same with climate change, claiming that in 195 00:11:13,120 --> 00:11:16,480 Speaker 2: both cases it was far from certain that catastrophic consequences 196 00:11:16,520 --> 00:11:22,120 Speaker 2: would occur. Singer incidentally was a consultant for Arco exon 197 00:11:22,360 --> 00:11:26,560 Speaker 2: shell oil and sol oil. He died in twenty twenty 198 00:11:26,960 --> 00:11:29,599 Speaker 2: after serving for years as a director of Science and 199 00:11:29,720 --> 00:11:33,160 Speaker 2: environment policy at the Heartland Institute, which was founded in 200 00:11:33,240 --> 00:11:36,439 Speaker 2: nineteen eighty four. Its position on global warming at the 201 00:11:36,480 --> 00:11:41,040 Speaker 2: time was quote, most scientists do not believe human greenhouse 202 00:11:41,080 --> 00:11:44,040 Speaker 2: gas emissions are a proven threat to the environment or 203 00:11:44,120 --> 00:11:48,720 Speaker 2: human well being, despite a barrage of propaganda insisting otherwise 204 00:11:48,800 --> 00:11:52,080 Speaker 2: coming from the environmental movement and echoed by its sickophants 205 00:11:52,120 --> 00:11:55,559 Speaker 2: in the mainstream media. In the Marshall Islands, this kind 206 00:11:55,600 --> 00:11:58,880 Speaker 2: of de nihilism, no matter how well funded and qualified, 207 00:11:59,000 --> 00:12:02,760 Speaker 2: really isn't going to stick. Everyone here is personally seen 208 00:12:02,800 --> 00:12:05,120 Speaker 2: the impacts of rising sea levels eroding away on their 209 00:12:05,160 --> 00:12:08,320 Speaker 2: precious land. But it's the actions of people everywhere can 210 00:12:08,400 --> 00:12:11,720 Speaker 2: impact people here, so they have to persuade the rest 211 00:12:11,720 --> 00:12:13,200 Speaker 2: of the world to care about them. 212 00:12:13,920 --> 00:12:20,720 Speaker 5: I will bet that every Marshal Marshalise understand impacts because 213 00:12:20,760 --> 00:12:25,480 Speaker 5: every Marshalise has been a victim of some coastal inandvision 214 00:12:25,520 --> 00:12:28,320 Speaker 5: has been you know, has been impacted by those, so 215 00:12:28,360 --> 00:12:29,520 Speaker 5: they understand. 216 00:12:29,760 --> 00:12:29,960 Speaker 7: Uh. 217 00:12:30,040 --> 00:12:32,960 Speaker 5: The youngest ones maybe they experienced there first, but the 218 00:12:33,040 --> 00:12:35,880 Speaker 5: older ones they've been around during those days when the 219 00:12:36,280 --> 00:12:51,080 Speaker 5: you know, coastal flooding wasn't an issue. 220 00:12:54,320 --> 00:12:55,560 Speaker 2: One of the things I like to do in my 221 00:12:55,640 --> 00:12:59,040 Speaker 2: free time is to freedom Sometimes I can collect sea 222 00:12:59,080 --> 00:13:01,680 Speaker 2: urchins or cools, but lots of the time I just 223 00:13:01,720 --> 00:13:05,120 Speaker 2: like to be underwater. I've never done scuba diving. All 224 00:13:05,200 --> 00:13:08,280 Speaker 2: the gear and equipment kind of scares me, but holding 225 00:13:08,280 --> 00:13:10,280 Speaker 2: my breath and swimming around the reef is probably the 226 00:13:10,280 --> 00:13:13,240 Speaker 2: closest thing I'll ever feel to flying. To be able 227 00:13:13,240 --> 00:13:15,360 Speaker 2: to hold your breath for a minute or two underwater, 228 00:13:15,679 --> 00:13:18,200 Speaker 2: you need to get your heart rate very low, and 229 00:13:18,240 --> 00:13:21,800 Speaker 2: this means being very calm, letting tension and stress float away. 230 00:13:22,520 --> 00:13:24,840 Speaker 2: It's a magical feeling, and one that I've tapped into 231 00:13:24,840 --> 00:13:29,080 Speaker 2: even outside the water. In stressful situations. Sometimes that ability 232 00:13:29,080 --> 00:13:31,720 Speaker 2: to calm yourself could be a bit too effective. I 233 00:13:31,720 --> 00:13:34,440 Speaker 2: remember once starting to walk off a broken pelvis and 234 00:13:34,440 --> 00:13:38,880 Speaker 2: passing out from blood loss later. Sometimes that calm focus, though, 235 00:13:38,960 --> 00:13:41,800 Speaker 2: can be exactly what you need, like when you're holding 236 00:13:41,800 --> 00:13:43,240 Speaker 2: your breath on the bottom of the ocean and you 237 00:13:43,280 --> 00:13:45,320 Speaker 2: realize that you got your fins tangled and an abandoned 238 00:13:45,320 --> 00:13:46,800 Speaker 2: fishing line and you need to cut it so you 239 00:13:46,840 --> 00:13:49,360 Speaker 2: can get back to the surface and breathe. I saw 240 00:13:49,400 --> 00:13:52,800 Speaker 2: that same ability to remain calm and even happy despite 241 00:13:52,800 --> 00:13:55,520 Speaker 2: what seems like another impending crisis every time I spoke 242 00:13:55,559 --> 00:13:59,800 Speaker 2: to Marshally's people about climate change between their nuclear past 243 00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:03,040 Speaker 2: and their perilous future. The Marshallese people have every right 244 00:14:03,080 --> 00:14:05,440 Speaker 2: to be angry, and maybe they are angry when they're 245 00:14:05,440 --> 00:14:09,080 Speaker 2: not told them to British journalists. But whenever I ask people, 246 00:14:09,200 --> 00:14:12,360 Speaker 2: they still seem hopeful, upbeat and excited about the future 247 00:14:12,400 --> 00:14:16,480 Speaker 2: of their country. As we're going to see tomorrow, marshal Lease, 248 00:14:16,520 --> 00:14:19,640 Speaker 2: people are still very much investing in their shared future. 249 00:14:20,520 --> 00:14:22,640 Speaker 2: I think that's something we can all learn from. Resilience 250 00:14:22,640 --> 00:14:25,400 Speaker 2: to the Marshallese community, even in the face of what 251 00:14:25,520 --> 00:14:29,200 Speaker 2: seems like a second apocalyptic threat. He's Reggie discussing how 252 00:14:29,240 --> 00:14:31,160 Speaker 2: climate change makes him feel well. 253 00:14:31,200 --> 00:14:33,800 Speaker 5: I try not to dwell on what could happen. I 254 00:14:33,920 --> 00:14:36,640 Speaker 5: could try to think of what we could do now 255 00:14:36,840 --> 00:14:40,040 Speaker 5: to change people's heart, to change how we behave how 256 00:14:40,080 --> 00:14:44,160 Speaker 5: we treat the world. I mean, it's our only home. 257 00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:48,000 Speaker 5: You go out in space and look back. It's one 258 00:14:48,120 --> 00:14:52,320 Speaker 5: lonely place in an entire galaxy of stars and whatever. 259 00:14:52,360 --> 00:14:55,040 Speaker 5: You But when you look at it that way, you 260 00:14:55,360 --> 00:14:58,520 Speaker 5: begin to realize I must respect my police. Who else 261 00:14:58,560 --> 00:15:00,160 Speaker 5: will respect? The divide. 262 00:15:00,720 --> 00:15:02,560 Speaker 2: It's worth noting that some people we talk to are 263 00:15:02,600 --> 00:15:04,200 Speaker 2: less concerned about climate change. 264 00:15:04,760 --> 00:15:09,120 Speaker 4: My name is Juliet Maranda from Mussel Island. I live 265 00:15:09,200 --> 00:15:09,800 Speaker 4: on Takhan. 266 00:15:10,640 --> 00:15:13,200 Speaker 2: Juliet's an older resident of wrong Rum, one of the 267 00:15:13,200 --> 00:15:16,200 Speaker 2: outer islands on madro At all her life there is 268 00:15:16,240 --> 00:15:19,680 Speaker 2: in many senses adyllic. Her cook house is built around 269 00:15:19,720 --> 00:15:22,680 Speaker 2: a large bread fruit tree. The tree also serves as 270 00:15:22,720 --> 00:15:25,960 Speaker 2: a work service. It's like a solar punk vision of 271 00:15:26,040 --> 00:15:28,520 Speaker 2: the future where we live in harmony with nature. But 272 00:15:28,640 --> 00:15:31,040 Speaker 2: for her it's just a place she makes lunch along 273 00:15:31,080 --> 00:15:33,960 Speaker 2: with the other wrong Wrung islanders. She served a visiting 274 00:15:34,040 --> 00:15:36,160 Speaker 2: group that I was part of, a delicious lunch of 275 00:15:36,200 --> 00:15:41,240 Speaker 2: coconut breadfruit, pandanas, crabs and rice, where we talked about 276 00:15:41,240 --> 00:15:43,880 Speaker 2: what brought her back to the Marshall Islands after thirty 277 00:15:43,960 --> 00:15:45,720 Speaker 2: years living in the United States. 278 00:15:46,160 --> 00:15:50,560 Speaker 4: Well, so though you always are own sick when I'm 279 00:15:50,640 --> 00:15:56,680 Speaker 4: in USA, I miss my you know, war around freedom 280 00:15:56,840 --> 00:16:02,840 Speaker 4: like USA, not go to next door, be goes, you know, 281 00:16:03,480 --> 00:16:08,920 Speaker 4: trust passing, But around here you do everything. Yes, it's 282 00:16:08,960 --> 00:16:13,440 Speaker 4: it's different, lots different. So I love a the USA. 283 00:16:13,760 --> 00:16:17,600 Speaker 4: Tell liber is good and a lot of different things 284 00:16:18,400 --> 00:16:22,880 Speaker 4: you as do then modules so I love it here. 285 00:16:23,200 --> 00:16:27,560 Speaker 4: I do all my old thing I usually do, breaking 286 00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:33,280 Speaker 4: and make my home chicken and chewing in and on pigeon. 287 00:16:33,400 --> 00:16:36,720 Speaker 4: Shanna Barbara, you have to get a guy to go 288 00:16:36,960 --> 00:16:40,920 Speaker 4: to the peach over year recruiting Peachie. 289 00:16:43,160 --> 00:16:45,320 Speaker 2: She clearly loves her little piece of paradise, and it's 290 00:16:45,320 --> 00:16:48,120 Speaker 2: easy to see why she was happy to share it 291 00:16:48,160 --> 00:16:50,560 Speaker 2: with us, as were all the islands on Wrong Room, 292 00:16:51,160 --> 00:16:53,440 Speaker 2: I short walk away from her house. Her neighbor's children 293 00:16:53,480 --> 00:16:56,200 Speaker 2: played in the sand with their pigs, chickens and dogs, 294 00:16:56,400 --> 00:16:58,640 Speaker 2: and it's certainly a very different place from Santa Barbara. Well, 295 00:16:58,680 --> 00:17:02,000 Speaker 2: she spent much of her time in States, but it's 296 00:17:02,040 --> 00:17:04,879 Speaker 2: no less special. Like many Marshal Leaves, she has a 297 00:17:05,000 --> 00:17:08,400 Speaker 2: very strong faith, and that faith is helping her explain 298 00:17:08,440 --> 00:17:12,719 Speaker 2: why climate change is happening. Do you think it's because 299 00:17:12,840 --> 00:17:15,960 Speaker 2: their sea levels rising? You think it's gonna make it 300 00:17:16,040 --> 00:17:16,920 Speaker 2: harder for people to. 301 00:17:16,880 --> 00:17:20,359 Speaker 8: Live in Some people do that, but I don't believe it. 302 00:17:20,560 --> 00:17:26,520 Speaker 4: Only God will do it. I believe in God. When 303 00:17:26,600 --> 00:17:29,720 Speaker 4: they do the weather and said it's going to rain tomorrow, 304 00:17:30,040 --> 00:17:33,320 Speaker 4: and tomorrow is not going to be rain, God's going 305 00:17:33,400 --> 00:17:40,399 Speaker 4: to make it rain. The nost no, you know it, 306 00:17:40,560 --> 00:17:44,080 Speaker 4: you're for others. 307 00:17:44,400 --> 00:17:47,879 Speaker 2: The threat is already here. Here's one conversation with Monique 308 00:17:47,880 --> 00:17:51,160 Speaker 2: and Francine from Core and Akarmi, a local NGO who 309 00:17:51,160 --> 00:17:54,600 Speaker 2: you'll hear a lot about tomorrow. They're doing incredible work 310 00:17:54,640 --> 00:17:57,119 Speaker 2: investing in the future of the Marshall Islands by installing 311 00:17:57,200 --> 00:17:59,800 Speaker 2: water filters and smokeless stoves and homes across the nation. 312 00:18:00,600 --> 00:18:02,320 Speaker 2: You might never have had to worry about clean water 313 00:18:02,520 --> 00:18:05,120 Speaker 2: or never been concerned that cooking your food might hurt 314 00:18:05,119 --> 00:18:08,080 Speaker 2: your lungs, but both of those things are massive public 315 00:18:08,119 --> 00:18:11,160 Speaker 2: health issues if we don't have access to electricity, gas 316 00:18:11,200 --> 00:18:13,280 Speaker 2: and clean water from a pipe that comes into your home. 317 00:18:14,040 --> 00:18:17,240 Speaker 2: One night before dinner, we talked to them about climate change. 318 00:18:17,880 --> 00:18:22,760 Speaker 9: The scientists are saying that you've got so many years 319 00:18:22,840 --> 00:18:30,879 Speaker 9: until all eyes melts and affects us. We don't have 320 00:18:31,000 --> 00:18:34,920 Speaker 9: mountains to run to. In some places they can just 321 00:18:35,080 --> 00:18:36,000 Speaker 9: runt of the mountains. 322 00:18:36,040 --> 00:18:36,440 Speaker 6: We don't. 323 00:18:37,440 --> 00:18:43,360 Speaker 2: Yeah, so it's Marshall Islands too. 324 00:18:43,359 --> 00:18:52,360 Speaker 9: Well, we're at the front clives. So you're also blessed 325 00:18:52,359 --> 00:18:56,320 Speaker 9: that you get to see the Marshall Islands. Yeah, and 326 00:18:56,480 --> 00:19:03,200 Speaker 9: really well, really see firsthand what the plastic. 327 00:19:04,480 --> 00:19:07,280 Speaker 2: The impact goes beyond the individual though. When we heard 328 00:19:07,280 --> 00:19:09,080 Speaker 2: from the Ministry of Health and the impact the climate 329 00:19:09,119 --> 00:19:11,520 Speaker 2: change is already having on the well being of Marshallys people. 330 00:19:11,880 --> 00:19:14,480 Speaker 2: They reminded us of both the physical and mental health 331 00:19:14,520 --> 00:19:16,200 Speaker 2: of residents has been affected. 332 00:19:17,359 --> 00:19:23,320 Speaker 7: So we are well uh, as active secretary said, my 333 00:19:23,440 --> 00:19:28,040 Speaker 7: name is Nathan Carbon Climate Change and amn. 334 00:19:29,880 --> 00:19:34,000 Speaker 10: Uh. Well, first of all, we'll come to our very 335 00:19:34,040 --> 00:19:38,439 Speaker 10: wonderful here to visit us. I think Michael and Jackson 336 00:19:38,480 --> 00:19:40,959 Speaker 10: said I best. Do you want to see change in 337 00:19:40,960 --> 00:19:42,520 Speaker 10: the world, you have to look in the mirror. And 338 00:19:44,800 --> 00:19:47,680 Speaker 10: so this is our climate Change of Health. 339 00:19:47,480 --> 00:19:49,600 Speaker 11: To frontment uh uh. 340 00:19:50,440 --> 00:19:52,880 Speaker 12: Climate impacts on health and well being. 341 00:19:53,359 --> 00:19:56,520 Speaker 2: Nathan went on to explain what that means both in 342 00:19:56,560 --> 00:19:59,679 Speaker 2: terms of mental health and in physical health as mosquitoes 343 00:19:59,680 --> 00:20:02,240 Speaker 2: and other disease vectors adapt to the changing climate and 344 00:20:02,359 --> 00:20:03,680 Speaker 2: rising sea levels. 345 00:20:04,560 --> 00:20:12,040 Speaker 12: I communicable diseases and x CDs, reducing vulnerabilities with the 346 00:20:12,280 --> 00:20:18,879 Speaker 12: vector borne diseases and then improving mental health resilience. 347 00:20:19,320 --> 00:20:22,120 Speaker 13: So the mental health resilience is a really key thing. 348 00:20:22,600 --> 00:20:26,159 Speaker 10: We have our seminar that's ongoing right now partnership with. 349 00:20:27,760 --> 00:20:32,920 Speaker 12: Jojibu, which lets the youth express how climate change based 350 00:20:32,960 --> 00:20:33,960 Speaker 12: their field. 351 00:20:35,880 --> 00:20:36,800 Speaker 6: And also. 352 00:20:38,000 --> 00:20:46,480 Speaker 13: In h involving the community and getting their feedback. You know, 353 00:20:47,520 --> 00:20:50,960 Speaker 13: the climate issue is not just at a national level, 354 00:20:51,240 --> 00:20:53,120 Speaker 13: it's mostly at the community level. 355 00:21:06,359 --> 00:21:08,840 Speaker 2: All of these changes are hard to predict, but it's 356 00:21:08,920 --> 00:21:11,440 Speaker 2: easy to see the impact climate change has already had. 357 00:21:12,000 --> 00:21:14,800 Speaker 2: We spoke to the island's Environmental Protection Agency to get 358 00:21:14,840 --> 00:21:15,840 Speaker 2: a sense of what that meant. 359 00:21:16,320 --> 00:21:19,680 Speaker 1: My name is Marianna Phillip and I'm the general manager here. 360 00:21:20,600 --> 00:21:23,520 Speaker 1: As you can see, we're a very small organization with 361 00:21:24,359 --> 00:21:33,040 Speaker 1: a very broad mandate anything environmental related. We are accountable too, 362 00:21:33,720 --> 00:21:41,240 Speaker 1: and we're supposed to provide advice to the government and 363 00:21:41,280 --> 00:21:45,000 Speaker 1: the Marshal Lease people about new issues that are coming up. 364 00:21:45,640 --> 00:21:46,000 Speaker 6: And so. 365 00:21:48,640 --> 00:21:54,439 Speaker 1: You know, we're easily overwhelmed and outmatched. And then you know, 366 00:21:54,520 --> 00:22:03,719 Speaker 1: you throwing climate change into the mix, and suddenly I 367 00:22:03,760 --> 00:22:07,600 Speaker 1: can't even imagine what the change is going to be 368 00:22:07,920 --> 00:22:12,280 Speaker 1: like in the next five years or ten years. It's 369 00:22:12,320 --> 00:22:14,480 Speaker 1: hard for me to imagine. When I was a child, 370 00:22:14,640 --> 00:22:17,800 Speaker 1: I used to go to the school over across the 371 00:22:17,840 --> 00:22:22,119 Speaker 1: street is a DS is a public school, and we 372 00:22:22,200 --> 00:22:26,520 Speaker 1: would cross the road and swim from here all the 373 00:22:26,560 --> 00:22:29,720 Speaker 1: way to develop and then cross the road and go home. 374 00:22:30,440 --> 00:22:36,960 Speaker 1: This was all white Sandy Beach you know, obviously that's 375 00:22:37,200 --> 00:22:39,000 Speaker 1: not the case anymore. 376 00:22:39,320 --> 00:22:41,520 Speaker 2: One way that the Marshal Lease community has responded to 377 00:22:41,520 --> 00:22:44,159 Speaker 2: climate change is to take a position of leadership on 378 00:22:44,320 --> 00:22:48,320 Speaker 2: mitigating carbon emissions. We heard about this all over the island, 379 00:22:48,600 --> 00:22:52,200 Speaker 2: with solutions ranging from electric canoes to sailboats to a 380 00:22:52,240 --> 00:22:55,880 Speaker 2: grid that runs on renewable energy. They've also taken leadership 381 00:22:56,040 --> 00:22:59,160 Speaker 2: and how aid money is spent, rather than just accepting 382 00:22:59,200 --> 00:23:01,800 Speaker 2: the projects has fund to suggest him. The RMI has 383 00:23:01,800 --> 00:23:04,360 Speaker 2: been vocal in making sure that unique challenges that they 384 00:23:04,359 --> 00:23:08,760 Speaker 2: face are reflected with unique solutions that they propose. For example, 385 00:23:09,200 --> 00:23:11,679 Speaker 2: they simply don't have the space for larger solar farms, 386 00:23:11,720 --> 00:23:13,000 Speaker 2: even though they do have the funding. 387 00:23:13,960 --> 00:23:18,040 Speaker 14: My name is Angeline Heini Rammers. Other than being part 388 00:23:18,080 --> 00:23:23,520 Speaker 14: of PO, I'm also the director for the National Energy Office. 389 00:23:23,600 --> 00:23:28,560 Speaker 14: And then i'd like to introduce you to Ben. He's 390 00:23:28,720 --> 00:23:34,399 Speaker 14: the deputy director. So we're a very small office. It's 391 00:23:34,440 --> 00:23:39,520 Speaker 14: newly created. It was developed in twenty eighteen, so we're 392 00:23:39,520 --> 00:23:42,560 Speaker 14: trying to be creative and we partnered with our local 393 00:23:42,600 --> 00:23:49,240 Speaker 14: government in exchange building them basketball courts. The reason why 394 00:23:49,280 --> 00:23:53,879 Speaker 14: there's so many basketball courts is that we'll be installing 395 00:23:53,960 --> 00:23:56,040 Speaker 14: rooftop and on the rooftop thats we're going to be 396 00:23:56,119 --> 00:24:00,320 Speaker 14: housing the solar connecting it to the grid. And it's 397 00:24:01,119 --> 00:24:04,240 Speaker 14: with this project we had. It took us I think 398 00:24:04,280 --> 00:24:06,320 Speaker 14: more than a year, Ben right, so went back and 399 00:24:06,359 --> 00:24:10,320 Speaker 14: forth with our partner because they just wanted to go 400 00:24:10,320 --> 00:24:11,879 Speaker 14: ahead and put on solver. 401 00:24:12,440 --> 00:24:16,199 Speaker 2: Sometimes the scared of the programs larger countries use simply 402 00:24:16,240 --> 00:24:18,040 Speaker 2: isn't a good fit for the Marshalis. 403 00:24:18,440 --> 00:24:22,680 Speaker 14: We get funding to go on trips to places like Korea, Japan, 404 00:24:23,359 --> 00:24:28,399 Speaker 14: Okinawa to see all these systems that in the eyes 405 00:24:28,440 --> 00:24:31,320 Speaker 14: of big countries that you see as islands like Jju 406 00:24:31,400 --> 00:24:35,840 Speaker 14: Island and Korea, but they're like so advanced compared to here. 407 00:24:36,040 --> 00:24:41,800 Speaker 14: You go there and they have ocean thermal and to us, 408 00:24:41,840 --> 00:24:45,120 Speaker 14: where like, okay, what about our corals that's where our 409 00:24:45,160 --> 00:24:47,919 Speaker 14: reefish lives in. Do we have to get rid of 410 00:24:47,960 --> 00:24:52,040 Speaker 14: our corals? Maybe we should rethink of that or. 411 00:24:52,440 --> 00:24:56,400 Speaker 2: They also make sure to incorporate traditional methods and their 412 00:24:56,440 --> 00:25:02,159 Speaker 2: culture along with mboderant solutions. More about the electric canoes 413 00:25:02,520 --> 00:25:06,800 Speaker 2: that they had it, they're very pretty cool and I'm 414 00:25:06,800 --> 00:25:11,119 Speaker 2: interested to know, like a well, Jeremy, I really liked 415 00:25:11,160 --> 00:25:16,440 Speaker 2: that you were incorporating in the traditional ways. Why it's 416 00:25:16,840 --> 00:25:21,560 Speaker 2: ignoring the trying because that's something that the electric canoe is, 417 00:25:21,560 --> 00:25:22,000 Speaker 2: that's something that. 418 00:25:22,080 --> 00:25:27,639 Speaker 1: Was framed up here at the wham And can. 419 00:25:27,480 --> 00:25:29,879 Speaker 2: You talk about how surface convention, how much. 420 00:25:29,720 --> 00:25:30,560 Speaker 4: Fun it might save. 421 00:25:30,880 --> 00:25:33,200 Speaker 14: Then do you want to start with that? We came 422 00:25:33,280 --> 00:25:37,120 Speaker 14: up with the idea for the and and then where 423 00:25:37,119 --> 00:25:37,600 Speaker 14: we are at. 424 00:25:39,920 --> 00:25:48,120 Speaker 11: Yeah, So WOM started the initiative of the boat building 425 00:25:48,880 --> 00:25:52,960 Speaker 11: and they wanted to it strictly started with wamb We 426 00:25:52,960 --> 00:25:56,200 Speaker 11: We had no idea about the project. But initially they 427 00:25:56,200 --> 00:25:58,920 Speaker 11: got a project from a donor for boat building where 428 00:25:58,960 --> 00:26:05,720 Speaker 11: they would modernize these traditional canoes just to make modifications 429 00:26:05,760 --> 00:26:08,920 Speaker 11: to make the hull bigger for catching fish or just whynot. 430 00:26:09,560 --> 00:26:12,800 Speaker 11: And then out of the blue, the director for WHOM said, hey, 431 00:26:13,840 --> 00:26:15,880 Speaker 11: what if we put solar on this boat. 432 00:26:16,359 --> 00:26:18,040 Speaker 5: I think there's something in the market. 433 00:26:18,160 --> 00:26:20,520 Speaker 11: So we just out of the blue just wanted to 434 00:26:20,560 --> 00:26:26,520 Speaker 11: test it. Unfortunately, when we purchased the motor and they're 435 00:26:26,560 --> 00:26:31,040 Speaker 11: going to start the testing, wound burned down and the 436 00:26:31,080 --> 00:26:33,880 Speaker 11: motor burned down with it. But they did a few 437 00:26:34,000 --> 00:26:37,800 Speaker 11: runs in the lagoon with it and it was really awesome. 438 00:26:37,880 --> 00:26:40,600 Speaker 11: I wrote on it at one point they started using 439 00:26:40,640 --> 00:26:43,879 Speaker 11: wind in the wind died down, turned on the motor 440 00:26:43,920 --> 00:26:45,720 Speaker 11: and they started using the motor, and then one pick 441 00:26:45,840 --> 00:26:46,960 Speaker 11: up they turned. 442 00:26:46,760 --> 00:26:47,280 Speaker 6: Off the motor. 443 00:26:47,280 --> 00:26:52,119 Speaker 11: It was really awesome, but we Anio the director, wanted 444 00:26:52,160 --> 00:26:54,600 Speaker 11: to procure another one, so we procured another one with 445 00:26:54,600 --> 00:26:58,879 Speaker 11: our own funds. So it's on its way and should 446 00:26:58,880 --> 00:27:02,600 Speaker 11: be here very shortly do some real testing, but we 447 00:27:02,640 --> 00:27:07,960 Speaker 11: wanted we also partnered with Wanem because of that just 448 00:27:08,119 --> 00:27:11,320 Speaker 11: pilot project, we saw the need to build more of 449 00:27:11,400 --> 00:27:15,080 Speaker 11: the similar kind canoe, so we asked another donor if 450 00:27:15,119 --> 00:27:18,359 Speaker 11: we can use their funding to fund the second phase 451 00:27:18,400 --> 00:27:21,560 Speaker 11: of that project. So right now they've been approved and 452 00:27:22,440 --> 00:27:26,720 Speaker 11: they're building an additional eighteen more canoes for each each island. 453 00:27:27,440 --> 00:27:30,679 Speaker 11: And so the process is they're bringing these boat builders 454 00:27:30,680 --> 00:27:33,119 Speaker 11: from the outer islands, they train them how they build 455 00:27:33,119 --> 00:27:37,840 Speaker 11: these new style canoes with modern technology, and then they 456 00:27:37,840 --> 00:27:42,480 Speaker 11: ship it back out. One success story without the motor 457 00:27:43,760 --> 00:27:49,080 Speaker 11: is in the atoll of likyp They completely stop using 458 00:27:49,200 --> 00:27:54,280 Speaker 11: their motorized boat because they're one hundred percent using the 459 00:27:54,320 --> 00:27:57,440 Speaker 11: canoe and the canoe can carry up to a ton, 460 00:27:58,320 --> 00:28:02,040 Speaker 11: So they've been carrying copra from one island to another 461 00:28:02,200 --> 00:28:04,080 Speaker 11: back and forth with the canoe and they said they 462 00:28:04,240 --> 00:28:07,359 Speaker 11: save so much money that they decided to do a 463 00:28:07,400 --> 00:28:10,360 Speaker 11: fishing tournament at their outer island from the. 464 00:28:10,359 --> 00:28:11,000 Speaker 1: Money they save. 465 00:28:11,240 --> 00:28:11,320 Speaker 11: You. 466 00:28:13,040 --> 00:28:15,720 Speaker 2: He's ready talking about how he sees his role in 467 00:28:15,760 --> 00:28:17,160 Speaker 2: combating climate change. 468 00:28:18,080 --> 00:28:25,360 Speaker 5: Oh, I don't enjoy being helpless. I don't believe that 469 00:28:25,400 --> 00:28:29,520 Speaker 5: the impacts of others, should you know, impact me. I 470 00:28:29,640 --> 00:28:34,399 Speaker 5: make the changes where I can. I try to behave 471 00:28:34,440 --> 00:28:38,320 Speaker 5: in a manner that is not detrimental to the earth. 472 00:28:39,200 --> 00:28:43,120 Speaker 5: And I preached that to my kids and hopefully the 473 00:28:43,160 --> 00:28:47,240 Speaker 5: compounding effect or you know it will grow exponentially from 474 00:28:47,240 --> 00:28:51,000 Speaker 5: them to other ambassadors to spread the word that, you know, 475 00:28:51,040 --> 00:28:54,320 Speaker 5: we need to do something. It's not about politics, and 476 00:28:54,360 --> 00:29:00,880 Speaker 5: it's about you know, the your overhead or how much 477 00:29:01,040 --> 00:29:03,680 Speaker 5: profit you gain at the end of the days, about 478 00:29:04,280 --> 00:29:07,520 Speaker 5: how you gained those by you know, being a good 479 00:29:07,520 --> 00:29:12,680 Speaker 5: ambageltor to preserving the earth and the climate, you know, 480 00:29:12,920 --> 00:29:17,200 Speaker 5: all the all the other inhabitants, not just humans. 481 00:29:19,640 --> 00:29:21,760 Speaker 2: Wherever we went in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, 482 00:29:21,800 --> 00:29:23,720 Speaker 2: it was hard to find dooming gloom with regards to 483 00:29:23,760 --> 00:29:27,600 Speaker 2: climate change. What we found everywhere was people adapting and 484 00:29:27,680 --> 00:29:30,880 Speaker 2: making changes, both the kind of changes that reduce their 485 00:29:30,880 --> 00:29:33,840 Speaker 2: carbon emissions and the kind that made their homes more 486 00:29:33,880 --> 00:29:36,480 Speaker 2: defensible because the rest of the world is not making 487 00:29:36,520 --> 00:29:40,200 Speaker 2: that first kind of changes. Resilience doesn't just mean sea 488 00:29:40,240 --> 00:29:43,239 Speaker 2: walls and houses on stilts that can withstand flood are 489 00:29:43,240 --> 00:29:47,360 Speaker 2: those those are important. It also means making hard choices 490 00:29:47,680 --> 00:29:51,000 Speaker 2: and forming strong communities. Here's Mariana again. 491 00:29:51,680 --> 00:29:55,400 Speaker 1: There's a lot of attention on us as like frontline countries, 492 00:29:55,840 --> 00:29:59,280 Speaker 1: you know, in the face of climate change, and we 493 00:29:59,400 --> 00:30:03,080 Speaker 1: get all the reporters come in asking us questions. We 494 00:30:03,200 --> 00:30:05,600 Speaker 1: get a lot of consultants that come in and out 495 00:30:05,680 --> 00:30:06,520 Speaker 1: and collect data. 496 00:30:08,760 --> 00:30:08,920 Speaker 8: You know. 497 00:30:09,000 --> 00:30:13,920 Speaker 1: Of course we're seen as sort of the sad countries 498 00:30:14,040 --> 00:30:20,320 Speaker 1: that will eventually face the reality of having no land 499 00:30:20,760 --> 00:30:21,320 Speaker 1: to live on. 500 00:30:21,640 --> 00:30:22,120 Speaker 5: Right so. 501 00:30:23,880 --> 00:30:32,240 Speaker 1: Forced relocation, displacement. I don't want to say migration, because 502 00:30:32,760 --> 00:30:35,840 Speaker 1: that's not exactly a migration. If you have to leave, 503 00:30:36,000 --> 00:30:42,200 Speaker 1: you're you're being you're being displaced. Our concern is that. 504 00:30:44,880 --> 00:30:49,960 Speaker 8: We're not we don't have all the capabilities in the 505 00:30:50,120 --> 00:31:00,160 Speaker 8: science at our fingertip to help inform the government or 506 00:31:00,440 --> 00:31:01,480 Speaker 8: you know, everyone. 507 00:31:01,160 --> 00:31:08,040 Speaker 1: Interested donors about how much is changing, how much is 508 00:31:08,280 --> 00:31:12,400 Speaker 1: going to change, and especially how that change is going 509 00:31:12,440 --> 00:31:23,320 Speaker 1: to change us, you know. We it's it's overwhelming. We 510 00:31:23,320 --> 00:31:27,600 Speaker 1: we have a national adaptation plan. I hope that you 511 00:31:27,760 --> 00:31:30,760 Speaker 1: will get into that when you get the chance to 512 00:31:31,960 --> 00:31:38,680 Speaker 1: h that's the survival plan. In that survival plan, there 513 00:31:38,760 --> 00:31:49,800 Speaker 1: is you know, there is very scary reality that we 514 00:31:49,880 --> 00:31:55,560 Speaker 1: may need to take down some islands to elevate some islands, 515 00:31:55,960 --> 00:31:59,760 Speaker 1: you know, and every island have their land owners and 516 00:32:00,080 --> 00:32:04,600 Speaker 1: what happens to those people. Marshals are connected to their 517 00:32:04,720 --> 00:32:11,840 Speaker 1: land so much culturally, and so how do we adapt 518 00:32:12,480 --> 00:32:19,080 Speaker 1: to that change when it comes so quickly? That's scary. 519 00:32:19,720 --> 00:32:22,360 Speaker 2: Everywhere you go in the Marshal isings you see the 520 00:32:22,360 --> 00:32:25,600 Speaker 2: impact of climate change and rising sea levels, but you 521 00:32:25,680 --> 00:32:29,160 Speaker 2: also see the community responding and supporting itself through the 522 00:32:29,200 --> 00:32:33,240 Speaker 2: existential threat. The RMI isn't a sad place, quite the opposite. 523 00:32:33,320 --> 00:32:36,280 Speaker 2: It's a tremendously happy and beautiful place. And I had 524 00:32:36,280 --> 00:32:38,520 Speaker 2: one of the most enjoyable weeks I can remember there. 525 00:32:38,640 --> 00:32:41,360 Speaker 2: I'd go back in a heartbeat. But the joy with 526 00:32:41,400 --> 00:32:44,160 Speaker 2: which people approach every day doesn't mean they aren't concerned, 527 00:32:44,160 --> 00:32:47,720 Speaker 2: and it certainly doesn't mean they're not worthy of our concern. Tomorrow, 528 00:32:47,920 --> 00:32:49,880 Speaker 2: we're going to discuss how the people of the Republic 529 00:32:49,920 --> 00:32:52,320 Speaker 2: of Marshal Lions, and in particular the women of the 530 00:32:52,320 --> 00:32:55,720 Speaker 2: Republic of Marshall Lions, and making sure that Marshali's people 531 00:32:55,800 --> 00:33:00,560 Speaker 2: have a safe and healthy future. 532 00:33:02,720 --> 00:33:05,080 Speaker 4: It Could Happen Here as a production of cool Zone Media. 533 00:33:05,320 --> 00:33:08,000 Speaker 4: For more podcasts from cool Zone Media, visit our website 534 00:33:08,040 --> 00:33:11,120 Speaker 4: coolzonemedia dot com, or check us out on the iHeartRadio app, 535 00:33:11,160 --> 00:33:14,520 Speaker 4: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to podcasts. You can 536 00:33:14,520 --> 00:33:17,240 Speaker 4: find sources for It Could Happen Here, updated monthly at 537 00:33:17,280 --> 00:33:19,480 Speaker 4: coolzonemedia dot com slash sources. 538 00:33:19,680 --> 00:33:20,520 Speaker 1: Thanks for listening.