WEBVTT - Coffee: The World's Drug of Choice 0:00:00.280 --> 0:00:02.840 Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 0:00:03.160 --> 0:00:07.560 It's ready. Are you welcome to stuff you should know 0:00:08.160 --> 0:00:16.319 from house Stuff Works dot com. Hey, and welcome to 0:00:16.320 --> 0:00:19.160 the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W Chuck Bryant. 0:00:19.200 --> 0:00:23.079 We've been drinking coffee. I am actually Josh. I told 0:00:23.120 --> 0:00:26.120 you what did I tell you ten minutes ago that 0:00:26.239 --> 0:00:29.440 you are drinking coffee? And you showed me even that 0:00:29.520 --> 0:00:31.400 you are, so I believe. And it's my first cup 0:00:31.480 --> 0:00:36.000 since when, like last February or so, which is weird, man, 0:00:36.000 --> 0:00:38.000 because you were on talking for a while. You talked 0:00:38.040 --> 0:00:40.960 really fast. You're like, I feel weird and it was 0:00:41.000 --> 0:00:43.040 fun to watch, and then I guess I hadn't noticed. 0:00:43.080 --> 0:00:48.320 But yeah, I just stopped. Why. Uh, I'm just not 0:00:48.520 --> 0:00:50.480 you know, I'm not a regular coffee drinker. I drink 0:00:50.520 --> 0:00:52.200 it when I'm in the mood or when it's cold. 0:00:52.479 --> 0:00:54.760 But a year in between cups is beyond not a 0:00:54.800 --> 0:00:58.440 regular coffell. It hasn't been cold. It's like avoidance. I 0:00:58.520 --> 0:01:02.080 just maybe it's been I've had some since in Yeah. 0:01:02.160 --> 0:01:04.520 Actually I had one of those gingerbread lat taste yesterday. 0:01:04.560 --> 0:01:07.720 Those are good they're real good. Eggnog's good too. It's 0:01:07.720 --> 0:01:09.679 almost like not coffee though to me, because you and 0:01:09.720 --> 0:01:13.280 I drink it black dessert treat generally, which I'm not 0:01:13.560 --> 0:01:15.199 you know, I'm not saying that's the way you should 0:01:15.240 --> 0:01:17.560 drink it. But I just really enjoyed the taste of 0:01:17.560 --> 0:01:21.200 black coffee about eight times a year. I'm with you. 0:01:21.240 --> 0:01:25.520 I've cut my intake down tremendously since then, since last February, 0:01:25.840 --> 0:01:27.959 down to a dozen cups a day, down to like 0:01:28.000 --> 0:01:30.520 a third of that, No, a quarter of that, three 0:01:30.680 --> 0:01:32.920 three or four cups three about three. It's not bad. 0:01:33.040 --> 0:01:37.000 And it's all decaf too, It's almost all decaf, but 0:01:37.040 --> 0:01:39.760 I still get wired buzz. It's weird. Yeah. What do 0:01:39.840 --> 0:01:45.080 they call that? The old psychosomatic reactions? Junkie? Yeah? So, Chuck, Yes, 0:01:45.240 --> 0:01:47.800 you asked me a question. I was like, this is 0:01:47.960 --> 0:01:53.840 the absolute truth, deory listener Um. Chuck asked me a question, uh, 0:01:54.160 --> 0:01:56.760 because I said I didn't have any any intro to this, 0:01:56.960 --> 0:01:58.840 and he said, well, would you know the origin a 0:01:58.880 --> 0:02:01.560 cup of Joe? And I said, yes, I do, so 0:02:01.840 --> 0:02:07.040 here's the intro. Spotan eighty back during World War two, right, Uh, 0:02:07.160 --> 0:02:10.520 the US worked closely with the British, and the British 0:02:10.680 --> 0:02:14.280 already had um something called a cuppa c U p 0:02:14.440 --> 0:02:16.960 p A. Hey to our British friends over there, you 0:02:16.960 --> 0:02:18.480 guys can go to sleep for a minute because you 0:02:18.520 --> 0:02:21.959 know this. But a cuppa is just a cup of tea. 0:02:22.040 --> 0:02:24.880 But t is so ubiquitous. That's just saying c U 0:02:25.000 --> 0:02:27.520 p p a means a cup of tea. A couple 0:02:27.720 --> 0:02:29.360 you're gonna have a cuppa. That means d having some 0:02:29.400 --> 0:02:34.760 tea exactly. But coffee is so thoroughly ingrained in the 0:02:34.800 --> 0:02:38.120 American culture, I believe, Chuck, there's a statue you furnished 0:02:38.120 --> 0:02:41.480 me with that eight percent of Americans consumed coffee. And 0:02:41.520 --> 0:02:43.800 it's been this way for a long time, right, And 0:02:43.800 --> 0:02:48.919 that's consumed not necessarily regularly, but consume, consume, take in 0:02:49.360 --> 0:02:53.880 like I'm part of. This is already well established by 0:02:53.919 --> 0:02:56.560 World War Two. So when American g i's were hanging 0:02:56.600 --> 0:03:00.160 out with British soldiers, um, they drank coffee like all 0:03:00.160 --> 0:03:02.200 the time. It was part of the rations drag coffee. 0:03:02.360 --> 0:03:05.320 There's even matches included not just to let your cigarettes, 0:03:05.320 --> 0:03:07.560 but to light a fire for a kettle if you 0:03:07.600 --> 0:03:11.960 needed to coffee is just as ubiquitous among American servicemen 0:03:12.200 --> 0:03:16.000 as T was with um G I s Well, American 0:03:16.040 --> 0:03:21.880 serviceman slang is g I joe. You put Kappa and 0:03:22.000 --> 0:03:24.400 before joe, and you have a cup of joe. And 0:03:24.440 --> 0:03:28.480 that that is why coffee is called joe. Yeah, all right, 0:03:29.360 --> 0:03:32.280 that mystery soft. It was a good intro, Chuck, well done. 0:03:32.280 --> 0:03:35.440 It was teamwork. So this is I'm pretty excited about 0:03:35.440 --> 0:03:37.760 this one. Actually, it was a good article. It was 0:03:37.800 --> 0:03:42.000 a really good artic written by the esteemed and uh 0:03:42.680 --> 0:03:46.400 unknown Deborah Beller. Have you heard of Debora Beller? Never 0:03:47.040 --> 0:03:49.200 must be a freelancer. All right, So let's get to 0:03:49.240 --> 0:03:51.760 the history first, because that's what we like to do 0:03:51.840 --> 0:03:58.160 here on the podcast program. Uh there's an ancient um 0:03:58.160 --> 0:04:01.119 not ancient, but it's a legend. It's perhaps a myth. 0:04:01.160 --> 0:04:05.680 No one knows for sure about Calde the Ethiopian goat herder. 0:04:06.120 --> 0:04:08.000 Well he has a name, so you know it's for real. 0:04:08.600 --> 0:04:12.440 And supposedly what happened is he saw his goats mowing 0:04:12.520 --> 0:04:18.080 down on these weird green uh fruits. I'm sorry, red 0:04:18.160 --> 0:04:21.279 at first cheeze already miss set up and he noticed 0:04:21.320 --> 0:04:23.320 they were you know, they called him dancing goats. They 0:04:23.320 --> 0:04:25.919 started to get a little frisky and not sleep at 0:04:26.040 --> 0:04:28.880 night like they're supposed to, and he said, oh, what 0:04:29.080 --> 0:04:33.080 is this stuff? I gotta get ahold of this. There's 0:04:33.080 --> 0:04:35.239 two versions from here. He took it to a local 0:04:35.279 --> 0:04:39.120 monastery and either the abbot there made a drink from 0:04:39.120 --> 0:04:41.520 it that kept him and the rest of his monk's awake, 0:04:41.600 --> 0:04:44.240 so they said this is awesome, or he said no, 0:04:44.400 --> 0:04:47.359 this is bad, and he threw it in the fire, 0:04:47.480 --> 0:04:50.359 which produced that nice aroma, and then he said, hey, 0:04:50.440 --> 0:04:55.400 maybe it's not so bad. So either way, it's probably legend, 0:04:55.480 --> 0:04:57.760 but it's a nice story. Yeah, and there's a there's 0:04:57.760 --> 0:05:01.479 a coffee company here in Atlanta, don't know where they're based. Originally, 0:05:01.560 --> 0:05:04.240 if it could be, Atlantic, called dancing goats. And that 0:05:04.400 --> 0:05:06.800 is why I never thought about that. There's a lot 0:05:06.880 --> 0:05:10.240 of Caldy coffees around the country. Oh yeah, I never 0:05:10.320 --> 0:05:15.039 thought that. Yeah, well, okay, yeah, dancing goats. They're like 0:05:15.120 --> 0:05:17.279 they're crazy for the coffee. Have you ever seen a 0:05:17.320 --> 0:05:20.560 goat dance? I have not. I used to dance with 0:05:20.600 --> 0:05:22.840 my goat. I've seen a painting goat, but not a 0:05:22.960 --> 0:05:27.320 dancing goat. So so that's the legend history, right. Um. 0:05:27.320 --> 0:05:31.800 We know that ancient African tribes my ancient I mean 0:05:31.920 --> 0:05:37.600 like prehistoric meaning pre writing, how about that? Okay, especially 0:05:37.600 --> 0:05:42.560 along the eastern coast of Africa. UM had this Basically 0:05:42.600 --> 0:05:46.880 they made little power bars. They would take um animal 0:05:46.960 --> 0:05:49.839 fat and then they would take the coffee berries and 0:05:49.920 --> 0:05:53.000 either smush them and then put them in animal fat 0:05:53.080 --> 0:05:54.600 or else they just put the whole coffee bears and 0:05:54.640 --> 0:05:57.440 animal fat and then eat them and then they would 0:05:57.520 --> 0:05:59.920 like they would have a lot more energy after that. 0:06:00.320 --> 0:06:05.080 Pretty cool, right, this uh originated probably in Ethiopia, Ethiopias 0:06:05.360 --> 0:06:10.520 biggest naturally there. Yes, a certain type does um uh. 0:06:10.800 --> 0:06:14.000 Years later that so we leave Africa. Now Africa they're 0:06:14.040 --> 0:06:18.719 eating their power bars. Um. We go to the Arabian Peninsula, 0:06:18.800 --> 0:06:21.400 and the same kind of coffee grows there on the 0:06:21.400 --> 0:06:25.120 Arabian Peninsula as does as thrives well in the Ethiopian highlands. 0:06:25.120 --> 0:06:28.120 Should we go ahead and call it what it is Arabica, okay? 0:06:28.200 --> 0:06:31.800 And that is like the primo coffee as far as 0:06:32.120 --> 0:06:36.279 coffee drinkers are concerned. The wine of Araby right. Um, 0:06:36.360 --> 0:06:39.400 On the Arabian Peninsula, somewhere around a thousand a d. 0:06:39.920 --> 0:06:43.520 Somebody figured out that you could roast the stuff and 0:06:43.560 --> 0:06:45.880 make it into a concoction of brew if you will, 0:06:45.960 --> 0:06:49.479 and start drinking it hot drink bye. I think the 0:06:49.600 --> 0:06:52.800 thirteenth century, a couple hundred years later, Um, the Muslims 0:06:52.800 --> 0:06:56.400 which had conquered Um the Arabian Peninsula by then, UM 0:06:57.040 --> 0:07:00.160 knew that they had something really special with the coffee. 0:07:00.279 --> 0:07:04.000 So they would export coffee beans, but you would be 0:07:04.000 --> 0:07:06.240 beheaded if you tried to get a plant or a 0:07:06.240 --> 0:07:09.480 seed out right. They want to keep it, yeah, because 0:07:09.520 --> 0:07:13.400 they knew, like, we can basically control the world with this. Yeah. 0:07:13.440 --> 0:07:18.800 And I found that that there's something called the kabe Kane, 0:07:19.360 --> 0:07:22.760 which was the public coffee houses in the Arabian Peninsula, 0:07:22.800 --> 0:07:27.280 and they were hugely popular still are I'm sure? And 0:07:27.640 --> 0:07:30.320 they it's at that time, and this is what do 0:07:30.360 --> 0:07:33.360 you say, one thousand d. Well, they they had a 0:07:33.400 --> 0:07:36.640 lockdown on coffee by the thirteenth century. Okay, long time 0:07:36.680 --> 0:07:40.440 ago though, but early on coffee already started to have 0:07:40.480 --> 0:07:44.360 a link between drinking this stuff and sitting around with 0:07:44.400 --> 0:07:48.240 people and talking about smart things. It wasn't like going 0:07:48.280 --> 0:07:50.960 to a bar where you get slashed and talk about 0:07:51.040 --> 0:07:54.480 you know, the good old days, you know, and end 0:07:54.560 --> 0:07:58.640 up weeping exactly. Uh. So they called these kab Kane's 0:07:59.120 --> 0:08:02.360 uh Schools of the Wise, and then later in England 0:08:03.200 --> 0:08:05.200 there were more than three hundred of these in London 0:08:05.240 --> 0:08:09.280 by the sixteen hundreds, and they were called penny universities 0:08:09.640 --> 0:08:11.400 because a cup of coffee was a penny and you 0:08:11.400 --> 0:08:14.160 would sit around and like learn stuff in the US 0:08:14.600 --> 0:08:17.360 now in London, okay, nice, So there was always a link. 0:08:17.400 --> 0:08:20.000 I just found it interesting from the very beginning, between 0:08:20.080 --> 0:08:27.040 drinking coffee and talking smarts like we're doing right, go ahead, 0:08:27.120 --> 0:08:31.440 check okay, No, that's all I had, okay. Um. So 0:08:32.679 --> 0:08:35.600 we we were saying that the Muslims had a lockdown 0:08:35.640 --> 0:08:38.599 on coffee. But there was supposedly a legend. There's a 0:08:38.679 --> 0:08:43.040 couple of legends, legends of people getting it out of 0:08:43.240 --> 0:08:46.760 the Arab Peninsula and into the rest of the world. Um, 0:08:46.800 --> 0:08:49.720 And one of them is an Indian smuggler named Baba 0:08:49.760 --> 0:08:54.360 Boudon Baba Booi Baba boud Okay, and he left Mecca. 0:08:54.480 --> 0:08:56.560 Supposedly there was some seed strap to his chest and 0:08:56.600 --> 0:09:01.400 made it out and um started growing coffee in India right. Well, 0:09:01.400 --> 0:09:03.800 the fact that it was Mecca was it may not 0:09:03.880 --> 0:09:06.600 have spread the same because Mecca was obviously a destination 0:09:06.920 --> 0:09:09.760 still is for pilgrimages, so it may it may not 0:09:09.800 --> 0:09:11.280 have picked up if it hadn't have been for the 0:09:11.320 --> 0:09:14.559 fact that it was in Mecca, right. Um, I supposedly, 0:09:14.600 --> 0:09:16.520 I don't know how it got out to Europe, but 0:09:16.679 --> 0:09:22.079 the first um first coffee plantation, first European controlled coffee plantation, 0:09:22.240 --> 0:09:27.160 was established in Java by the Dutch in sixteen sixteen UM. 0:09:27.240 --> 0:09:29.840 And then it made its way across the Atlantic, and 0:09:29.920 --> 0:09:31.880 you can kind of see like little by little, there's 0:09:31.920 --> 0:09:35.440 like histories and legends about how coffee spread, which is 0:09:35.440 --> 0:09:38.360 pretty cool. Um. So it made its way into India 0:09:38.480 --> 0:09:43.040 thanks to Baba Bouddhan. It made its way to um 0:09:43.240 --> 0:09:49.440 Brazil thanks to a spy named Lieutenant Colonel Paletta, who 0:09:49.480 --> 0:09:51.440 was sent by the Emperor of Brazil at the time 0:09:51.440 --> 0:09:56.080 in seventeen seven to get coffee from Yeah, from French Guiana, 0:09:56.320 --> 0:10:00.079 go find the ambassador's wife or the the the Emperor 0:10:00.120 --> 0:10:04.199 of of French Guiana. The ambassador, go find his wife 0:10:04.200 --> 0:10:07.800 and seduce her and get some coffee sack seedlings. And 0:10:07.840 --> 0:10:10.600 he did. Yeah, apparently he was a looker, and she 0:10:10.760 --> 0:10:13.800 was a sucker for a handsome mug. And so when 0:10:13.880 --> 0:10:17.200 he left, she gave him a bouquet of flowers and 0:10:17.280 --> 0:10:20.760 he hid them inside the flowers. So there you have it, 0:10:20.960 --> 0:10:24.320 and coffee is president BRAZILA. Now Brazil's like the world's 0:10:24.800 --> 0:10:29.280 leading grower. I believe of coffee. That true. I think 0:10:29.880 --> 0:10:34.720 in Brazil alone, Um, there are five million people who 0:10:34.800 --> 0:10:39.120 are employed to cultivate and harvest three billion coffee plants. 0:10:39.240 --> 0:10:42.559 That's just in Brazil alone. Wow, so you mentioned Europe. 0:10:42.600 --> 0:10:46.120 Though coffee in Europe it would have not taken hold 0:10:46.160 --> 0:10:50.240 in Europe nearly as aggressively if it hadn't have been 0:10:50.360 --> 0:10:54.120 for Pope Clement the Eighth. Did you hear about this guy? 0:10:54.960 --> 0:10:58.679 It was Originally coffee was very controversial obviously, uh, early 0:10:58.760 --> 0:11:01.640 on because it's a drug, gonna stimulant, and a lot 0:11:01.679 --> 0:11:05.400 of Europeans cautioned against the bitter invention of satan. They 0:11:05.400 --> 0:11:08.120 took it to Pope Clement and said, hey, dude, you 0:11:08.160 --> 0:11:11.079 gotta rule on this evil stuff. And he went, well, 0:11:11.160 --> 0:11:14.000 let me give it a try first. He gave notice 0:11:14.040 --> 0:11:17.880 everyone has a Brooklyn accent now, and um, he gave 0:11:17.920 --> 0:11:21.559 it a try and said Wow, this stuff is pretty awesome. Actually, 0:11:21.840 --> 0:11:24.360 I'm gonna give it the stamp of approval. So Pope 0:11:24.400 --> 0:11:27.080 Clement gave it the papal stamp, and that's why it 0:11:27.080 --> 0:11:31.199 became so popular in Europe. Well, yeah, it was vindicated papally, 0:11:31.720 --> 0:11:34.360 and if it hadn't have been, who knows. So okay, 0:11:34.800 --> 0:11:36.360 well we'll talk about Europe for a second. You were 0:11:36.400 --> 0:11:40.679 talking about how um the penny academies, penny universities, penny universities. 0:11:40.840 --> 0:11:44.280 So um. There's also been a lot of companies that 0:11:44.440 --> 0:11:47.000 are still around today. A lot of just to set 0:11:47.000 --> 0:11:49.600 a lot of huge events have taken place or begun 0:11:49.679 --> 0:11:52.920 or find the roots in coffee houses. Lloyd's of London, 0:11:53.480 --> 0:11:57.559 rue Lloyds of London, UM, the huge insurance company, I 0:11:57.640 --> 0:12:00.920 think the world's largest insure began in a coffee house 0:12:01.000 --> 0:12:04.080 that was owned by a guy named Edward Lloyd, and 0:12:04.240 --> 0:12:05.800 I guess to make a little electra money on the 0:12:05.840 --> 0:12:08.280 side or to keep his patrons happy, he kept a 0:12:08.320 --> 0:12:11.000 list of all the ships that were insured by some 0:12:11.160 --> 0:12:15.360 of his UM patrons, who I guess at the time 0:12:15.440 --> 0:12:19.720 you could get somebody to cover your ship as an investment, 0:12:20.120 --> 0:12:23.120 and Edward Lloyd started keeping track of it, hence Lloyd's 0:12:23.120 --> 0:12:26.680 of London. And now you have your tonsils insured because 0:12:26.679 --> 0:12:30.360 of that very day. Man. That costs me, but it's 0:12:30.400 --> 0:12:33.040 going to be worth than just in case. Um. Also, 0:12:33.240 --> 0:12:35.400 do you remember how I said that coffee is just 0:12:35.440 --> 0:12:38.960 so ingrained in American culture? Do you know why? The 0:12:39.000 --> 0:12:43.840 answer is totally obvious, but so obvious. Yes, it's so obviously. 0:12:43.840 --> 0:12:45.960 You just walk right past it and you don't hear 0:12:45.960 --> 0:12:48.199 a lot of I'm not pressed, but you just don't 0:12:48.240 --> 0:12:50.960 read about that a lot unless And it wasn't just 0:12:51.080 --> 0:12:53.960 the Boston Tea Party that did it. It was, I mean, 0:12:54.080 --> 0:12:55.680 that was part of it, but it was all of 0:12:55.679 --> 0:12:58.240 the taxes on tea that really made it prohibitive for 0:12:58.400 --> 0:13:02.200 people to drink, so they started switching to coffee. And 0:13:02.240 --> 0:13:04.800 then it became something of a point of national pride, 0:13:05.360 --> 0:13:09.200 and and the Boston Tea Party itself was planned in 0:13:09.240 --> 0:13:11.760 a coffee house called the Green Dragon. That is very true. 0:13:11.880 --> 0:13:14.719 So coffee is very much, um, just from the from 0:13:14.760 --> 0:13:18.480 the get go, from the it's the reason why everybody 0:13:18.520 --> 0:13:21.160 is sub jacked up for the American Revolution. Well, it's 0:13:21.160 --> 0:13:24.120 just it's interesting all these stories come together to make 0:13:24.240 --> 0:13:26.520 coffee like the fact that it was in Mecca, the 0:13:26.559 --> 0:13:29.040 fact that the Pope gave it the stamp of approval, 0:13:29.840 --> 0:13:33.360 the Boston tea party, the ties with smart talk in 0:13:33.440 --> 0:13:37.120 coffee houses. It's all those things came together to form 0:13:37.160 --> 0:13:40.959 the perfect storm of what is now the second leading 0:13:42.000 --> 0:13:46.560 h import or export or just commodity. Aside from second 0:13:46.760 --> 0:13:50.120 leading commodity, as far as I understand, it's far. It 0:13:50.200 --> 0:13:54.000 ranks second to petroleum in terms of dollars traded world crazy, 0:13:54.320 --> 0:13:56.800 and it's the most popular drink on the planet aside 0:13:56.800 --> 0:13:59.800 from water. And I imagine that's on the the no 0:14:00.000 --> 0:14:03.040 normal market. I don't know if anything tops coffee on 0:14:03.080 --> 0:14:07.960 the black market. Um, chuck, it's I think. You know. 0:14:08.000 --> 0:14:11.840 There's plenty of reasons to love coffee, but probably the 0:14:11.920 --> 0:14:15.760 most the most common reason to love coffee is um. 0:14:15.880 --> 0:14:24.280 The trimethyl accident. Then yes, yes, C eight H ten 0:14:24.520 --> 0:14:27.800 and four O two for those in the know. Uh, 0:14:27.920 --> 0:14:32.600 that's caffeine UM, which has the same but a milder 0:14:32.600 --> 0:14:36.880 effect on the brain is cocaine or opium meth I'm 0:14:36.920 --> 0:14:39.600 starting to feel this already. I felt the first one 0:14:39.680 --> 0:14:44.560 this morning. Yeah, um, And caffeine occurs naturally in a 0:14:44.840 --> 0:14:48.560 number of plants. It's not just coffee, um, but it's 0:14:48.760 --> 0:14:52.880 in like whamo amounts in coffee. Um. An average cup 0:14:52.960 --> 0:14:56.040 of coffee has about a hundred milligrams of caffeine, where 0:14:56.040 --> 0:14:58.720 if you have like a can of coke, twelve ounce 0:14:58.840 --> 0:15:01.920 can of coke is fifty milligrams of caffeine. Yeah, so 0:15:02.000 --> 0:15:03.560 I mean it's twice as much. And you can tell 0:15:03.640 --> 0:15:06.720 I drank decaffeinated coffee just now and I'm a little 0:15:06.760 --> 0:15:11.120 more just decalf yeah, and de careful explain how how 0:15:11.760 --> 0:15:14.680 it comes about later on. But there is one plant 0:15:14.960 --> 0:15:22.440 out there, um that naturally is decaffeinated, one naturally decaffeinated bean, right, yeah, 0:15:22.520 --> 0:15:28.840 the Madagascar coffee crazy species, mascar coffea vigner I wonder 0:15:28.880 --> 0:15:32.720 if that was naturally happened naturally, if it was bread 0:15:32.800 --> 0:15:34.720 to be so, I don't know, we're not bread, but 0:15:34.920 --> 0:15:37.480 you know what I mean. So, UM, we're talking about 0:15:37.480 --> 0:15:40.240 the United States, and as big as junkies for coffee 0:15:40.240 --> 0:15:42.880 as we are, there's only one state in um, the 0:15:43.040 --> 0:15:46.920 Union where coffee can grow, and that is Hawaii. And 0:15:47.120 --> 0:15:50.760 that's because Hawaii exists in the bean belt, that's right, 0:15:50.880 --> 0:15:53.880 and they grow. They're very famous and delicious ConA copy 0:15:54.000 --> 0:15:57.080 in the volcanic mountains and the bean belt. It's on 0:15:57.160 --> 0:16:00.720 the Big Island, on the Big Island, Hawaiian guy. Now 0:16:00.760 --> 0:16:04.040 you know that. Uh the bean belt, as you mentioned, 0:16:04.320 --> 0:16:08.080 is uh bounded by the tropics of Capricorn and Cancer 0:16:09.160 --> 0:16:11.440 and Remiller are running right through the middle. That's right. 0:16:11.560 --> 0:16:16.480 And uh the soil climbing and altitude are awesome for coffee. 0:16:16.600 --> 0:16:21.400 It means that you're gonna get a continually producing tree, 0:16:21.480 --> 0:16:25.240 which is really cool. One coffee tree can have uh 0:16:25.720 --> 0:16:28.960 beans ready to pick, beans and bloom flowers blooming all 0:16:28.960 --> 0:16:30.560 at the same time. Do you remember we saw them 0:16:30.600 --> 0:16:33.320 in Guatemala. Oh yeah, I think it's their second or 0:16:33.360 --> 0:16:35.720 third largest export is coffee says their number eight in 0:16:35.760 --> 0:16:40.440 the world. Um, I believe it. Uh. So the coffee 0:16:40.680 --> 0:16:44.040 is grown on a tree. It's a woody evergreen tree 0:16:44.880 --> 0:16:46.960 um that can grow up to thirty ft high. But 0:16:47.200 --> 0:16:50.240 if you're into coffee cultivation, you keep your coffee shrub 0:16:50.360 --> 0:16:52.880 level so you can harvest it easier. You don't want 0:16:52.880 --> 0:16:55.560 to be bringing ladders in there now. And most harvesting 0:16:55.680 --> 0:16:58.920 is done by hand. Um. Like you said, the it's 0:16:59.440 --> 0:17:02.760 it's constantly productive. So you've got a little bit over 0:17:02.840 --> 0:17:05.840 here that's mature. You've got a little bit that's ready. Um, 0:17:05.960 --> 0:17:08.479 And there's flowers. Did you know the coffee tree has 0:17:08.520 --> 0:17:12.600 flowers that smell like jasmine some say. And on the 0:17:12.760 --> 0:17:16.160 spot where those flowers bloomed, about a year later, you're 0:17:16.200 --> 0:17:19.359 going to have fully mature red coffee cherries is what 0:17:19.440 --> 0:17:21.560 they're called. Right for the picking, and they look just 0:17:21.680 --> 0:17:26.679 like cherries they except group in bunches. It tastes different. Um. 0:17:27.520 --> 0:17:29.600 And then one tree in a single season, I thought 0:17:29.640 --> 0:17:33.800 this was this is kind of staggering. Just one tree 0:17:33.840 --> 0:17:36.119 produces one to one and a half pounds, which is 0:17:36.359 --> 0:17:40.920 um less than it's about a half a kilogram. Yeah, 0:17:41.000 --> 0:17:44.240 that's one. That's a that that takes a lot of 0:17:44.320 --> 0:17:46.800 trees to produce all the coffee that the world's consuming. 0:17:46.840 --> 0:17:51.040 Thing about that. Luckily we have Bob Bob Boudhan who 0:17:51.280 --> 0:17:56.880 got coffee out of Saudi Arabia. That varieties of coffee, Josh, 0:17:56.960 --> 0:18:02.119 we already mentioned Arabica. There are two Arabic and Robusta. Um, 0:18:02.280 --> 0:18:05.719 if you're talking Arabica, those are the original Ethiopian UH 0:18:06.080 --> 0:18:10.680 coffee trees or descendants of UH. They grow well, I'm 0:18:10.760 --> 0:18:13.919 sorry they are mild and aromatic. Eventually, that's what you're 0:18:13.960 --> 0:18:16.000 gonna get when you drink a cup of it. About 0:18:16.040 --> 0:18:19.800 seventy percent of the world's coffee as Arabica growing higher 0:18:19.840 --> 0:18:23.640 altitudes between two and six thousand feet above sea level 0:18:23.720 --> 0:18:27.439 the Ethiopian Highlands is a great pleasure. Mild temperatures are 0:18:27.480 --> 0:18:32.879 required between sixty and seventy five degrease fahrenheit, and they 0:18:32.920 --> 0:18:37.800 need about sixty inches of rain per year in and 0:18:37.920 --> 0:18:41.720 frost is no good, no, not at all no, because 0:18:41.760 --> 0:18:44.440 if you look at the bean belt, Florida is not 0:18:44.600 --> 0:18:46.920 even in it, Like the keys aren't even in the 0:18:47.040 --> 0:18:50.439 bean belt, So it's probably rare to get a frost, 0:18:51.040 --> 0:18:55.200 if not impossible in the bean belt. The robusta is 0:18:55.600 --> 0:18:58.520 you're gonna have a bean smaller and rounder. Overall. The 0:18:58.600 --> 0:19:02.680 tree is much hardier because it can grow into temperatures 0:19:02.760 --> 0:19:07.960 up to eight degrees fahrenheit and lower altitudes, and it 0:19:08.080 --> 0:19:11.040 packs a lot more punch, about fifty more caffeine, and 0:19:11.280 --> 0:19:15.439 it's more bitter. And I read somewhere that um robusta 0:19:15.800 --> 0:19:21.440 is like has long been considered an inferior type of coffee, 0:19:21.960 --> 0:19:26.800 like it's the hardy like redheaded cousin of Arabica. It's 0:19:26.840 --> 0:19:32.600 on um and that we we here in America consume. 0:19:33.560 --> 0:19:36.240 We we consume a lot of it um. And the 0:19:36.359 --> 0:19:40.679 reason why is because the Pan American Coffee Council, I believe, 0:19:41.080 --> 0:19:44.480 which created something called the coffee break. Have you heard 0:19:44.480 --> 0:19:48.560 of that? Check? Yes, that's a made up thing. From 0:19:48.600 --> 0:19:52.760 the nineteen fifties, um coffee was coming down from up 0:19:52.840 --> 0:19:55.520 on high where only the wealthy could afford it, to 0:19:56.040 --> 0:19:58.600 um being a lot more predominant. And one of the 0:19:58.640 --> 0:20:01.720 ways that it was um it was introduced to wider 0:20:01.800 --> 0:20:06.800 cultures by mixing the inferior robusts of beans with the 0:20:06.920 --> 0:20:10.560 Arabica beans. And so now it was like, sure it 0:20:10.600 --> 0:20:12.920 doesn't taste as good, but it gets you going through 0:20:12.960 --> 0:20:17.240 your your horrible life. So have a have a coffee 0:20:17.280 --> 0:20:19.320 break and get back in there. We drink more of 0:20:19.400 --> 0:20:23.440 the robusta here. At least in the twentieth century we 0:20:23.560 --> 0:20:27.760 started consuming a lot more of it, all right, Yeah, Uh. 0:20:28.560 --> 0:20:32.119 There are more than eight hundred flavor characteristics and a 0:20:32.200 --> 0:20:36.040 coffee bean which is double that of wine. So when 0:20:36.080 --> 0:20:38.800 you hear people talk about wine and all the you know, 0:20:39.000 --> 0:20:45.720 it's smokey, oky and woody like double that. And you 0:20:45.800 --> 0:20:48.359 know wine people, which I'm a wine person, but I'm not. 0:20:48.440 --> 0:20:50.480 I know you're making fun of yourself. I'm making fun 0:20:50.520 --> 0:20:53.800 of my people, but wine, I'm sorry. Double that. And 0:20:53.840 --> 0:20:56.399 you've got the what you've got going on with coffee, 0:20:56.680 --> 0:20:59.879 even though you think you like there's like the morning blend, 0:21:00.640 --> 0:21:04.080 little Colombian, little Brazilian. Yeah, not so. Remember our friend 0:21:04.119 --> 0:21:07.800 Brandon was having a fight with our friend mark over 0:21:08.440 --> 0:21:12.040 because he keeps buying um flavored coffee like the blueberries. 0:21:12.080 --> 0:21:15.280 Seberry coffee should not exist. Marker is going to go 0:21:15.280 --> 0:21:17.600 ahead and tell you that right now. And not only 0:21:17.600 --> 0:21:19.840 should it not exist, but if you make some in 0:21:19.880 --> 0:21:21.680 your coffee maker, you might as will throw it away 0:21:22.240 --> 0:21:24.760 because you can taste it for the next fifty pots 0:21:24.800 --> 0:21:30.880 of coffee. Right, let's talk about the actual coffee bean itself, Chuckers, 0:21:31.320 --> 0:21:34.480 the coffee cherry, Josh, all right, what you got is 0:21:34.600 --> 0:21:37.960 a bright red, like we said, skin when it's ready 0:21:38.000 --> 0:21:41.040 to pick in ripe, Uh, it's green if it's not. 0:21:41.359 --> 0:21:45.040 And apparently coffee pickers they don't want to have more 0:21:45.119 --> 0:21:49.479 than two green per every one picked, otherwise they're going 0:21:49.520 --> 0:21:54.600 to get their hands slapped by coffee plantation owner. Oh yeah, yeah, 0:21:54.680 --> 0:21:56.440 like when they're hand picking them, they I mean they're 0:21:56.440 --> 0:21:58.480 picking them fast, so you're gonna have some green ones. 0:21:58.560 --> 0:22:01.560 But that's their goal, is what I here. The skin 0:22:01.800 --> 0:22:05.640 of the cherry is called the exocarp, very thick and bitter. 0:22:06.119 --> 0:22:08.640 You got a fruit beneath that called the mesocarp. It's 0:22:08.720 --> 0:22:10.399 kind of like the inside of a grape, like if 0:22:10.440 --> 0:22:12.440 you peel the skin off a grape. That's what I 0:22:12.520 --> 0:22:16.320 take the mesocarpe. Yeah, it's gushy and sweet. Uh. Then 0:22:16.440 --> 0:22:21.680 you have the parencoma, which is uh slimy, and it's 0:22:21.720 --> 0:22:25.000 a honey like layer protects the bean. There's gonna be 0:22:25.040 --> 0:22:28.080 two beans generally, and every you know, if all goes 0:22:28.119 --> 0:22:32.080 well in every cherry, and they are covered by a 0:22:32.440 --> 0:22:35.560 parchment like envelope called the endocarp. They're kind of bluish 0:22:35.640 --> 0:22:38.480 green at the time. And then there's the silver skin 0:22:39.760 --> 0:22:42.760 on top of the bean and it's all protecting that 0:22:43.040 --> 0:22:46.240 little nugget that looks sort of like a shelled peanut. 0:22:47.119 --> 0:22:51.320 And the silver skins also called the spermaderm prefer silver skin. 0:22:51.400 --> 0:22:55.639 I think everybody serves prefer silver skin. So uh, if 0:22:55.720 --> 0:22:58.560 you can get rid of all these layers that protect 0:22:58.640 --> 0:23:01.520 the bean. UM. They sically, what you're going down to 0:23:01.800 --> 0:23:06.000 is like the pit of a cherry, the seed, the nut, 0:23:06.480 --> 0:23:10.680 that's where the gold is right. Um. And when you 0:23:10.800 --> 0:23:13.879 harvest them, you said that people they just want the 0:23:13.920 --> 0:23:17.200 bright red ones. But people are harvesting between one and 0:23:17.240 --> 0:23:20.600 two hundred pounds a day by hand. Most coffee harvesting 0:23:20.720 --> 0:23:23.080 takes place by hand. UM. And it depends on where 0:23:23.119 --> 0:23:25.720 you are where it's going to be harvested um or 0:23:25.760 --> 0:23:28.160 when it's going to be harvested. If you are north 0:23:28.240 --> 0:23:31.400 of the equator, you're going to harvest between September and March. 0:23:31.960 --> 0:23:34.480 If you're south of the equator, you're going to um 0:23:34.920 --> 0:23:39.760 harvest between April and May, which is not spring. Right, 0:23:40.760 --> 0:23:43.360