WEBVTT - Sugar: It Powers the Earth 0:00:01.120 --> 0:00:11.200 Welcome to stuff you should know Grunhouse stuff Works dot com. Hey, 0:00:11.240 --> 0:00:15.760 and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Chuck Bryant, Audie, 0:00:16.920 --> 0:00:24.120 Uh high Sugar, Dunn Dune. That's a I was thinking 0:00:24.120 --> 0:00:26.319 about the earlier at the Archie. That was an Archie song. 0:00:26.560 --> 0:00:31.560 Oh sugar, honey, honey. Dude. See you called Pete your 0:00:31.600 --> 0:00:33.960 girlfriend like a sugar or honey or your wife or whatever, 0:00:34.000 --> 0:00:36.519 and it's those are all sweet things. Yeah, that all 0:00:36.560 --> 0:00:40.159 makes sense. Did you hit your head? Yeah? I mean 0:00:40.200 --> 0:00:46.160 you wouldn't call uh, you call your wife something bitter, right, like? Um, 0:00:46.360 --> 0:00:50.600 like Korean melon. I was trying to think of something bitter. 0:00:50.600 --> 0:00:53.920 I couldn't think of anything. Come here, my little Korean melon. 0:00:54.400 --> 0:00:58.160 I bet someone said that. Who I don't know someone Korean. 0:00:58.760 --> 0:01:02.600 Oh and Korea they just call it melons. That's true. Man, 0:01:02.680 --> 0:01:06.560 this is the worst start ever. This is the worst ever. 0:01:06.720 --> 0:01:09.880 I knew we would achieve it. We've been building towards well. 0:01:09.880 --> 0:01:14.720 We top ourselves every episode. Um, Chuck, Yes, have you 0:01:14.720 --> 0:01:19.039 ever tasted sugar? I have. I'm trying to bring it 0:01:19.080 --> 0:01:22.000 back from the break. Yes I have, I have to. 0:01:22.840 --> 0:01:27.759 Sugar is a big popular sweetener these days, it is 0:01:28.480 --> 0:01:30.800 uh and it's been around for a while. I don't 0:01:30.800 --> 0:01:34.120 know if you know this or not, but apparently they 0:01:34.240 --> 0:01:39.480 think sugar is indigenous to the island known as New 0:01:39.480 --> 0:01:45.000 Guinea and the South Pacific around Polynesia, and um that 0:01:45.360 --> 0:01:48.400 as long as five thousand to eight thousand years ago 0:01:48.880 --> 0:01:52.600 the Polynesians were cultivating it and going like this is 0:01:52.720 --> 0:01:57.600 the jam sweet and yummy and sweet energy and makes 0:01:57.640 --> 0:02:01.240 us fat. Remember that Simpsons were We're I guess Bart 0:02:01.280 --> 0:02:04.600 grows up to be like a paid taste tester. Yeah, yeah, 0:02:04.640 --> 0:02:07.400 and like he drinks that soda and like turns into 0:02:07.480 --> 0:02:11.160 like this horrible, huge, disfigured thing, and he goes sweet 0:02:11.919 --> 0:02:17.040 and the guy with the clipboard goes pleasing taste some monsterism, 0:02:17.800 --> 0:02:20.880 you remember, I don't remember that. It was great? Was 0:02:20.880 --> 0:02:22.600 that the one where they was there all of their 0:02:22.639 --> 0:02:25.840 future selves? No, it was like just a momentary daydream 0:02:26.639 --> 0:02:29.160 and it goes back to like his normal self and 0:02:29.160 --> 0:02:32.440 he's like cool, like he can't wait to grow up 0:02:32.480 --> 0:02:35.520 to be a professional taste as you know the table 0:02:35.560 --> 0:02:37.440 reading we set out on that should be coming out. 0:02:37.600 --> 0:02:40.040 I can't wait this year, right, it was a good one. Yeah, 0:02:40.040 --> 0:02:43.000 it should be coming out. It's exciting. I'm excited. We 0:02:43.040 --> 0:02:46.440 can't say what it's about. No, I don't know if 0:02:46.480 --> 0:02:48.880 we can. We're just covering. We're gonna air on the 0:02:48.919 --> 0:02:50.840 side of caution because the last one you want us 0:02:50.840 --> 0:02:52.480 for the symptoms to be mad at us after all 0:02:52.480 --> 0:02:56.519 these years for real? Yeah, alright, So where are we sugar? 0:02:57.960 --> 0:03:03.359 So I guess it. Apparently I island hopped from New 0:03:03.400 --> 0:03:09.560 Guinea across Polynesia, made its way up to Indonesia, and 0:03:09.600 --> 0:03:12.880 then finally landed in India. And when it was in India, 0:03:13.560 --> 0:03:17.440 it really started to spread. Everything spread from India back 0:03:17.480 --> 0:03:22.720 then trade routes, and thanks to the Crusades, it was 0:03:22.760 --> 0:03:26.600 brought to Western Europe. Well even before that, the Persians 0:03:27.200 --> 0:03:31.560 started conquering the land and they encountered sugar and brought 0:03:31.600 --> 0:03:34.440 that with them, that's right. And then you got Columbus, 0:03:34.760 --> 0:03:38.360 that jerk brought sugarcane itself to the Caribbean and said, 0:03:39.040 --> 0:03:41.440 you know, like some some roots samplings, and said let's 0:03:41.440 --> 0:03:43.720 try and plant this stuff here. And it turned out 0:03:43.760 --> 0:03:46.520 it was a great place to plant sugarcane. It really was, 0:03:46.600 --> 0:03:51.600 because sugar cane is a tropical plant. The cane you 0:03:51.640 --> 0:03:54.720 can't grow it any just anywhere, but you can grow 0:03:54.760 --> 0:03:58.840 it in places like South America, the Caribbean, South Africa, 0:03:59.520 --> 0:04:04.440 southern United States, hot places, India, as we already mentioned. 0:04:05.560 --> 0:04:09.600 And it just kind of spread like wildfire across the world, 0:04:09.680 --> 0:04:13.400 especially once it came to what's known as the New World, 0:04:14.040 --> 0:04:19.320 like you said via Columbus. Unfortunately, it also was and 0:04:19.800 --> 0:04:24.680 it became an agent of slavery. Yes, uh, it certainly did. 0:04:24.960 --> 0:04:28.080 It fueled the slave trade for quite a while. Um. 0:04:28.120 --> 0:04:31.080 And then by seventeen fifty there were a hundred and 0:04:31.120 --> 0:04:33.880 twenties sugar refineries in Britain. They called it white gold, 0:04:34.640 --> 0:04:37.680 and uh, it was up until that point it had 0:04:37.720 --> 0:04:40.159 been kind of a luxury. Well a little before that 0:04:40.279 --> 0:04:43.440 it be it became a little more widespread. It was 0:04:43.680 --> 0:04:47.560 a complete luxury. Like literally it was for royalty pretty much. 0:04:47.600 --> 0:04:51.080 It was so rare and hard to come by. Um. 0:04:51.120 --> 0:04:58.839 Apparently the first enter, the first Seaborn International Sugar Exchange 0:04:59.320 --> 0:05:03.240 was between Ennis and England in thirteen nineteen. I saw 0:05:03.240 --> 0:05:04.960 that Venice was the first place where they were like 0:05:05.000 --> 0:05:07.840 refining it really well, right, and the Venetians where that 0:05:07.960 --> 0:05:10.440 was a merchant city if there ever was one, So 0:05:10.480 --> 0:05:12.320 they were selling it and one of the places they sold, 0:05:12.440 --> 0:05:15.919 the first place they sold it to overseas was England 0:05:15.960 --> 0:05:18.280 and it was in thirteen nineteen, and they sold fifty 0:05:18.360 --> 0:05:22.680 tons for what's the equivalent of about eleven million dollars today, 0:05:23.040 --> 0:05:25.159 And that's tons with an N N E. I'm sure 0:05:25.400 --> 0:05:28.560 so yes, and right now you could get that for 0:05:28.720 --> 0:05:33.520 about twenty thousand dollars. It was eleven million dollars back then, 0:05:34.080 --> 0:05:37.280 so it was very, very expensive. But then two things 0:05:37.360 --> 0:05:41.600 happened that opened the sugar industry and made it available 0:05:41.680 --> 0:05:48.359 to the general public. Uh. The Reformation, which actually, strangely 0:05:48.560 --> 0:05:52.120 led to a decrease in honey because monasteries were the 0:05:52.200 --> 0:05:56.240 major producers of honey. Monks kept bees, and the Reformation 0:05:56.560 --> 0:06:01.279 led to enclosure of a lot of monasteries. And um. Secondly, 0:06:01.880 --> 0:06:05.880 sugar just became more available. Like those two things happened 0:06:05.880 --> 0:06:08.080 at the same time, and all of a sudden it 0:06:08.160 --> 0:06:10.880 was something that the average person could get their hands on, 0:06:11.080 --> 0:06:13.560 that's right. And it actually led to a huge increase 0:06:13.600 --> 0:06:16.960 in tea consumption. Oh yeah, because before then people drank tea, 0:06:17.080 --> 0:06:19.200 but once they started putting sugar in their tea, they 0:06:19.200 --> 0:06:22.159 were like, we love tea, and that's when it became 0:06:22.240 --> 0:06:25.640 like the the national drink of Great Britain. Man, I 0:06:25.720 --> 0:06:28.840 love a good English tea with a little cream and 0:06:28.839 --> 0:06:32.200 a little sugar in it. Just delicious, your t guy, 0:06:32.279 --> 0:06:34.640 I like the Herby kind more, no, I like it 0:06:34.680 --> 0:06:39.360 all man. I love green tea, I love English breakfast tea. 0:06:39.360 --> 0:06:41.920 You love black tea. I'll even do a little. I'll 0:06:41.920 --> 0:06:44.360 try it up every now and then I'm I'm into 0:06:44.400 --> 0:06:48.880 all of it. That's a wild sidewalk, uh. And from 0:06:48.920 --> 0:06:52.080 about eighteen fifteen there was a lot of warring going 0:06:52.120 --> 0:06:55.280 on in Europe and there were naval blockades by Britain 0:06:55.880 --> 0:06:59.719 that basically Europe needed that sugar fix and they were like, 0:06:59.720 --> 0:07:03.040 but you can't cut us off. Love sugar now. And 0:07:03.080 --> 0:07:07.039 so in seventy seven they realized that the sugar beat, 0:07:07.360 --> 0:07:09.800 which is the other way you can get sugar, was 0:07:09.800 --> 0:07:11.400 a great way to do it. And that's how they 0:07:11.440 --> 0:07:14.200 get their sugar today still. And the beat is um 0:07:14.440 --> 0:07:17.840 looks like a beat that's not purple. It's a root, right, 0:07:18.120 --> 0:07:19.400 and it grows up out of the ground, looks like 0:07:19.440 --> 0:07:24.520 a little uh, just sort of whitish light brown look, yeah, 0:07:24.640 --> 0:07:27.560 sort of like a turnip, but it's sweet. It is 0:07:27.600 --> 0:07:32.200 about seventeen of the sugar beet is uh can eventually 0:07:32.240 --> 0:07:35.480 become sugar as opposed to only about ten in the cane, 0:07:35.920 --> 0:07:38.480 which I thought was unusual. Yeah, so you have these 0:07:38.480 --> 0:07:43.760 two plants that can be processed separately, independently and both 0:07:43.800 --> 0:07:50.080 will produce is sugar indistinguishable to the average person. And 0:07:50.120 --> 0:07:52.680 the reason why I chuck, The reason why that why 0:07:52.720 --> 0:07:55.800 it would be indistinguishable is because all plants have sugar. 0:07:57.000 --> 0:08:01.680 That's right. It's a carbohydrate, a simple carbohydrate, and um. 0:08:01.680 --> 0:08:05.560 Sugar is a part of photosynthesis. But you can't go 0:08:05.640 --> 0:08:08.000 out and get, you know, a blade of switch grass 0:08:08.240 --> 0:08:10.160 and get enough sugar out of it to make sugar, 0:08:10.880 --> 0:08:13.720 even though the sugar in it, it's only abundant enough 0:08:13.760 --> 0:08:15.960 in the beet in the cane to really produce sugar. 0:08:15.960 --> 0:08:21.320 Sugar exactly. But sugars is kind of this um. It's 0:08:21.440 --> 0:08:27.520 it's a molecule that powers the earth. Yeah, really like humans, 0:08:27.520 --> 0:08:31.880 plants everything gets is powered by sugar. It's pretty neat. 0:08:31.960 --> 0:08:35.120 It is pretty neat. Uh. It is also as a 0:08:35.440 --> 0:08:38.679 you can be used it as a preservative. UM. It 0:08:38.760 --> 0:08:42.600 prevents bacteria from growing in jam um sometimes you can 0:08:42.679 --> 0:08:44.640 change the texture. They use it as like a food 0:08:44.760 --> 0:08:48.680 editive to make something look and feel different, not only 0:08:48.679 --> 0:08:51.480 just taste different. They're like, this doesn't put fuzzy little 0:08:51.520 --> 0:08:55.600 jackets on people's teeth when they add some sugar. And 0:08:56.559 --> 0:09:02.160 our favorite use of sugar is to make us accelerates fermentation. 0:09:02.960 --> 0:09:06.240 And my favorite uses of sugar are to make booze 0:09:06.320 --> 0:09:10.800 and to make Reese's pieces. Okay, let's not leave that out. Yeah, 0:09:10.800 --> 0:09:13.320 it's a it's an important part of the production of 0:09:13.760 --> 0:09:17.120 alcohol and Reese's Pieces and Reese's pieces, and it does 0:09:17.160 --> 0:09:20.760 make the world go round. Um, And the world actually 0:09:20.760 --> 0:09:23.520 produces quite a bit of sugar. So in this article 0:09:23.640 --> 0:09:27.240 from a few years ago, it says that, um, the 0:09:27.360 --> 0:09:30.480 world made about seventy eight million tons it's seventy one 0:09:30.600 --> 0:09:38.319 metric tons of sugarcane annually. Is that accurate still? You know, well, 0:09:38.400 --> 0:09:42.800 that's just sugarcane. But I know that sugarcane accounts for 0:09:42.880 --> 0:09:47.160 eighty percent of sugar production about and then sugar beets 0:09:47.440 --> 0:09:53.640 account for about um. But in I think two thousand thirteen, 0:09:54.080 --> 0:09:56.920 the world produced a hundred and sixty five million metric 0:09:56.960 --> 0:10:01.079 tons of sugar. Yeah, so I guess you'd have to 0:10:01.120 --> 0:10:04.480 be a mathematician to figure out that formula, but plus 0:10:04.520 --> 0:10:06.440 you probably have to have more info than weds this cave. 0:10:07.840 --> 0:10:10.280 The cane sugar cane looks sort of like bamboo. The 0:10:10.840 --> 0:10:13.680 stock does. It's a tropical grass. To the top of 0:10:13.720 --> 0:10:17.559 it looks grassy, and it takes about a year to grow. 0:10:17.880 --> 0:10:21.600 It takes about eighteen months from planting. But once it's planted, 0:10:22.240 --> 0:10:23.680 you know, you cut it back to the root and 0:10:23.720 --> 0:10:25.640 it will take another twelve months for that to grow 0:10:25.679 --> 0:10:31.200 back up to be harvested again. So eight months is 0:10:31.200 --> 0:10:34.480 if you plan a brand new like from from seed, 0:10:34.480 --> 0:10:38.040 I guess grows and breaks. They call him cane brakes, 0:10:38.040 --> 0:10:40.000 which I always think is like when the neader, like 0:10:40.520 --> 0:10:44.760 Earth science terms cane brakes. Cane brake. Yeah, Uh, it 0:10:44.920 --> 0:10:50.880 is grown and not always um refined near where it's grown, 0:10:50.960 --> 0:10:56.800 but it is harvested and uh and processed initially close 0:10:56.840 --> 0:10:59.280 to where it's grown so it doesn't rot, sort of 0:10:59.320 --> 0:11:01.680 like like when we did coffee. Yeah, you know, you 0:11:01.679 --> 0:11:03.800 want to do most of that stuff near where it's grown, 0:11:04.480 --> 0:11:06.040 and there are some stuffs you have to take to 0:11:06.520 --> 0:11:09.480 harvest sugar at least even get it to the to 0:11:09.600 --> 0:11:14.679 the raw state. But yeah, not every processing place refines 0:11:14.720 --> 0:11:18.160 it all the way to what we would call Yeah, 0:11:18.200 --> 0:11:21.040 sometimes I sent to a refinery, So I guess we 0:11:21.080 --> 0:11:23.679 can cover that in broad strokes here. But it, I mean, 0:11:23.679 --> 0:11:26.560 it's pretty complicated. And yeah, I mean, if you're looking 0:11:26.600 --> 0:11:29.520 for the end all, be all of how sugar is 0:11:29.559 --> 0:11:32.320 produced and then go watching our long video on YouTube. 0:11:32.760 --> 0:11:37.240 What was it? Remember how how um incredibly complex chocolate 0:11:37.280 --> 0:11:41.360 making is. Remember I love all these These are some 0:11:41.400 --> 0:11:46.120 of my favorite ones. Sugar, coffee, commodities. Yeah, the commodity sweet. 0:11:46.080 --> 0:11:48.560 We gotta do tea. We haven't done tea, okay, and 0:11:48.679 --> 0:11:50.960 wine we still haven't done wine yet. Yeah, that one 0:11:51.520 --> 0:11:53.640 that just bugs me. We've got a great offer from 0:11:53.640 --> 0:11:56.600 a nice guy. I don't have his name in my memory, 0:11:56.640 --> 0:11:59.680 but I have his email in a safeholder. Yeah, and 0:11:59.720 --> 0:12:01.959 he like, you need some help with this stuff. I've 0:12:01.960 --> 0:12:05.120 got experts. We are ready to talk to you about wine. 0:12:05.760 --> 0:12:07.680 That could That should be a sweet. That's a dense, 0:12:07.760 --> 0:12:11.960 dense topic. All right, So sugar beets, let's talk about 0:12:11.960 --> 0:12:16.480 that in the process. Um, Usually they're gonna extract over 0:12:16.520 --> 0:12:19.520 the winter months between September and February, and as we 0:12:19.520 --> 0:12:22.920 said earlier, sugar beat is about seventeen percent sugar. Yeah, 0:12:23.040 --> 0:12:27.800 so not too bad bang for your buck wise, you know, 0:12:28.240 --> 0:12:30.400 I mean considering the cane is only ten percent. Yeah, 0:12:30.559 --> 0:12:32.040 I mean you could pick it up and eat it 0:12:32.080 --> 0:12:34.400 and be like this is pretty sweet. Oh yeah seven. 0:12:34.720 --> 0:12:39.760 I guess se if you're in Russia you could. That's true. 0:12:39.920 --> 0:12:45.000 That's their racist pieces sugar beets. Uh, kind of stolen 0:12:45.080 --> 0:12:48.840 international incident. No, things are tense right now, you know, Yeah, 0:12:48.880 --> 0:12:53.839 between US and in Russia. Yeah, it's like nineteen seventies seven. Again, 0:12:54.040 --> 0:12:57.439 well they're kicking us out of the space station. Star 0:12:57.480 --> 0:13:01.320 Wars just came out. Uh So, if you're gonna process 0:13:01.320 --> 0:13:03.000 sugar beech, you're gonna slice it and you're gonna put 0:13:03.000 --> 0:13:05.040 it in hot water and you're gonna boil it, and 0:13:06.120 --> 0:13:08.560 it's similar to sugar cane. They're gonna make a sugary juice. 0:13:08.960 --> 0:13:13.600 Then they're gonna filter it, purify it, concentrate it, isolate 0:13:13.600 --> 0:13:18.079 those sugars, and eventually you're gonna get sugar crystals developing 0:13:19.320 --> 0:13:22.600 because you send that syrupy juice through what's called a centrifuge, 0:13:23.720 --> 0:13:26.160 and that's going to separate the crystal from what is 0:13:26.200 --> 0:13:29.440 known as the mother liquor. Whatever is left which is 0:13:29.440 --> 0:13:32.360 one of my favorite terms. Now, when whatever is left 0:13:32.400 --> 0:13:35.760 over that's not crystal is mother liquor like byproducts in 0:13:35.800 --> 0:13:41.640 the original juice. And apparently that can be h extracted 0:13:41.679 --> 0:13:43.960 a few times, I would guess, so to get all 0:13:44.000 --> 0:13:46.160 the crystals out of it. Yeah, and I think sometimes 0:13:46.200 --> 0:13:48.320 they need to add a little sugar dust to spur 0:13:48.400 --> 0:13:53.040 that crystallization. Wow, it sounds like a magical process. There's 0:13:53.160 --> 0:13:57.080 mother liquor, there's sugar dust. And actually know that you 0:13:57.120 --> 0:13:59.280 bring up sugar dusts you know, do you remember down 0:13:59.320 --> 0:14:02.559 in some Anna and like two thousand seven eight that 0:14:02.640 --> 0:14:07.480 sugar refinery that exploded. It was sugar that exploded in 0:14:07.520 --> 0:14:11.160 the Yeah, sugar dust is particular matter and when it 0:14:11.200 --> 0:14:15.880 gets into the air, it can catch fire and explode. 0:14:16.040 --> 0:14:19.560 And it did it blew that place sky high? Yeah? 0:14:19.600 --> 0:14:22.880 When was that? I wrote about it when I got here, 0:14:22.920 --> 0:14:24.840 So I would guess, like two thou seven or two 0:14:24.840 --> 0:14:27.720 thousand and eight, what was the article like how can 0:14:27.760 --> 0:14:32.360 sugar explode? I think I remember seeing that. We should 0:14:32.360 --> 0:14:35.600 have touched on that or guess, but I mean, like 0:14:35.640 --> 0:14:37.320 you should go back and check out that Now that 0:14:37.400 --> 0:14:40.600 you realize that it was just sugar that blew the 0:14:40.680 --> 0:14:44.760 place up. It it formed a crater. Basically, it just 0:14:45.040 --> 0:14:47.760 blew the whole refinery and flour could do that too, right, 0:14:47.880 --> 0:14:52.200 same principle, any particular matter I can do that, I think, Hey, 0:14:52.240 --> 0:14:55.760 that's nutty. Yeah, um, alright, So sugarcane, it's a very 0:14:55.760 --> 0:14:59.400 similar process. They're gonna pulverize the stalk um, add water 0:14:59.480 --> 0:15:03.560 and lime and that's gonna be your syrupy sweet juice 0:15:03.880 --> 0:15:09.080 and not lime like limestone. Yeah, not like squeeze limes 0:15:09.080 --> 0:15:11.240 into it. If I had to double check. No, you're right, 0:15:11.360 --> 0:15:15.000 because it's tropical, you know exactly. Uh. And they're also 0:15:15.040 --> 0:15:16.760 going to run that through this interfuge, and you're gonna 0:15:16.800 --> 0:15:19.400 get your mother liquor in your crystals, and that is 0:15:19.440 --> 0:15:23.080 also going to be washed and filtered and refined further 0:15:23.160 --> 0:15:26.800 until you get your sugary white goodness, you know. Evaporations 0:15:26.840 --> 0:15:31.040 going on. It's it's it's one of the things that 0:15:31.120 --> 0:15:34.120 sounds complicated, but it's actually pretty simple. It's the same 0:15:34.160 --> 0:15:37.160 as when you're like making a simple syrup at home. 0:15:37.240 --> 0:15:39.800 You're boiling sugar and water. It evaporates off and you're 0:15:39.800 --> 0:15:44.680 gonna end up with something super sweet. So chuck their 0:15:44.800 --> 0:15:50.280 byproducts to this whole process. Essentially, molasses is chief among them. Yeah, 0:15:50.400 --> 0:15:52.880 I never knew that. Yeah, it's a byproduct that comes 0:15:52.960 --> 0:15:58.240 from boiling sugar, right, yeah, I mean it's it's basically 0:15:58.360 --> 0:16:04.320 the Yeah, it's it's it's the dark like that. That's 0:16:04.320 --> 0:16:06.400 what makes brown sugar dark, or sugar in the raw 0:16:06.480 --> 0:16:09.600 dark is molasses. Right, The molasses isn't extracted as much 0:16:09.960 --> 0:16:13.560 as it is with refined white sugar. Fine white sugar 0:16:13.600 --> 0:16:16.680 has zero molasses in it, like sugar in the raw 0:16:16.720 --> 0:16:20.080 has more and more. It's less refined um. And then 0:16:20.120 --> 0:16:25.080 the greatest byproduct of molasses is of course rum. Yeah. Yeah, 0:16:25.360 --> 0:16:27.280 I put a little molasses in my want to make 0:16:27.320 --> 0:16:31.440 molin barbecue sauce. Oh yeah, that's good, that's nice. Another 0:16:31.960 --> 0:16:36.120 byproduct is called bagas, and that is um, the pulp 0:16:36.360 --> 0:16:39.360 essentially of the cane. Are you making these words up? No? 0:16:39.640 --> 0:16:43.400 Those are rewards. What mother looking in bagas? But gas? 0:16:43.840 --> 0:16:46.880 We I think another process we studied. It's not it's 0:16:46.880 --> 0:16:51.640 not central just a sugar, it's just the pulpy fibrous 0:16:51.760 --> 0:16:54.800 matter leftover from this kind of process. I wonder what 0:16:54.880 --> 0:16:57.920 we talked about that in was it? Was it coffee? 0:16:57.920 --> 0:17:01.280 Now maybe maybe may be, but the BA gas is 0:17:01.360 --> 0:17:04.280 used a gas because I think I remembers discussing whether 0:17:04.320 --> 0:17:07.240 it's a big gass or by gas. It's b gas. 0:17:07.320 --> 0:17:11.400 I listened to it today. Um, yeah, we definitely covered 0:17:11.400 --> 0:17:14.080 that before. I'm starting to feel like an old man 0:17:14.119 --> 0:17:16.320 because when you when we have seven under topics or 0:17:16.320 --> 0:17:20.120 so oh yeah, literally vaguely familiar, but yeah, I want 0:17:20.160 --> 0:17:22.600 to sound dumb, so you don't say anything and they 0:17:22.800 --> 0:17:26.720 just spend the next week and going over this. I'm 0:17:26.720 --> 0:17:28.920 telling you, one day we were going to rerecord a 0:17:28.960 --> 0:17:32.359 show and not realize it, man, and we're going to 0:17:32.440 --> 0:17:36.600 hear about it. Well, what was it? It was Crystal Skulls. 0:17:37.359 --> 0:17:39.760 You know we never released that one, right, but remember 0:17:39.800 --> 0:17:41.959 I was like, I thought, for sure we recorded this, 0:17:42.320 --> 0:17:46.439 no Dreams. It was we went to record Dreams and 0:17:46.520 --> 0:17:51.879 we just for it just wasn't there. So but gas 0:17:51.880 --> 0:17:54.200 we definitely talked about. And the gas is a great 0:17:54.200 --> 0:17:59.120 byproduct because that can be used to power the sugar refinery. 0:17:59.160 --> 0:18:02.560 They actually burned that as fuel h to create the 0:18:02.560 --> 0:18:05.159 steam used to power some of these machines, so that 0:18:05.280 --> 0:18:08.600 is one way that sugar production can be green. Um. However, 0:18:09.880 --> 0:18:12.439 mass production of anything like this isn't super green because 0:18:13.040 --> 0:18:16.600 they're transporting stuff over large distances and there's clear cutting 0:18:16.600 --> 0:18:20.040 of land. Well that's a big one with with sugar. Yeah, 0:18:20.080 --> 0:18:23.480 deforestation like an Amazon, right and yeah, that's exactly right. Yeah. 0:18:23.520 --> 0:18:28.040 So even though they're using things like the gas as 0:18:28.040 --> 0:18:31.560 a byproduct to help power, why is that funny? Because 0:18:31.640 --> 0:18:34.760 I always hear by gas in my head, okay anytime 0:18:34.800 --> 0:18:37.080 you say it. But it is not a looked upon 0:18:37.160 --> 0:18:41.000 as one of the more green products that is used 0:18:41.040 --> 0:18:44.840 and produced. Like they have to use baby lambs to 0:18:44.920 --> 0:18:49.240 really refine it to its whitest. Not true, Well, it 0:18:49.320 --> 0:18:51.320 uses their souls at least, I guess, if you want 0:18:51.320 --> 0:18:54.600 to get technical, the souls of baby lambs, and then 0:18:54.640 --> 0:18:56.800 they're just left to wander the earth for the rest 0:18:56.800 --> 0:19:00.920 of their natural lives, like not feeling anything. Sad. Let's 0:19:00.960 --> 0:19:02.840 do a message break, all right, and then we'll get 0:19:02.880 --> 0:19:10.000 into types of sugar, all right. So there's a lot 0:19:10.040 --> 0:19:12.920 of types of sugar. There are. Um, when you think 0:19:12.920 --> 0:19:16.239 about sugar, especially here in the West, you think, oh 0:19:16.359 --> 0:19:21.520 that really white, like really pretty powdery granular stuff. And 0:19:21.560 --> 0:19:24.360 that's called table sugar, and that's what's known as sucros. 0:19:24.680 --> 0:19:30.119 That's right, And sucros is glucose and fruit toast. Sucros 0:19:30.160 --> 0:19:34.320 also apparently occurs naturally. But there's a lot of different 0:19:34.320 --> 0:19:37.520 types of sugar that you're gonna find in plants, uh, 0:19:37.600 --> 0:19:41.760 and from some animals too. Yeah. Yeah, So cow's milk 0:19:42.560 --> 0:19:51.560 contains lactose and gullactose, both of which are sugars um sucros. Again, 0:19:51.600 --> 0:19:54.120 that's typically table sugar, but I believe you can find 0:19:54.119 --> 0:19:57.280 that in plants. And that's glucost and fructose what you said. Yeah, 0:19:57.320 --> 0:20:02.280 and it's even one molecule glucose, one molecule fruit toast. 0:20:02.480 --> 0:20:06.119 Put them together, you've got sucros. That's right. Fruit toast 0:20:06.160 --> 0:20:10.159 is commonly found in fruits. Yeah, it's also found in 0:20:10.240 --> 0:20:15.760 honey fruit tastes. And then um, glucose. This is the 0:20:15.760 --> 0:20:19.159 one you commonly think of when you think the body 0:20:19.320 --> 0:20:22.480 and sugar, because glucose is what the body runs on. 0:20:22.520 --> 0:20:24.120 And we'll talk about that a little more in depth 0:20:24.160 --> 0:20:26.160 than a little bit. Yeah, and that's in honey and 0:20:26.200 --> 0:20:30.280 fruits and veggies. And then something called zylos, which I've 0:20:30.320 --> 0:20:34.280 never heard of, that's in wood and straw. It's pretty interesting. Yeah. 0:20:34.320 --> 0:20:40.200 There's a sugar alcohol called xilattle. Yeah, that's very sweet. Yeah. 0:20:40.240 --> 0:20:45.240 There's sugar alcohols and they supposedly um circumvent your blood sugar, 0:20:45.280 --> 0:20:49.080 your normal metabolic blood sugar process, so they taste sweet, 0:20:49.080 --> 0:20:52.000 but they don't have any impact on your blood sugar. 0:20:52.760 --> 0:20:56.400 And one of them is called ziol idle Ziltal, that's 0:20:56.440 --> 0:21:00.680 the name of the product. Yeah. There's this uh Danish 0:21:00.760 --> 0:21:04.960 or Swedish gum that's like the best sugar free gum 0:21:05.040 --> 0:21:08.040 you can possibly get your hands on. It's called zielidel. 0:21:08.240 --> 0:21:11.160 It's so good. Terrible name though it is, but it's 0:21:11.200 --> 0:21:14.440 named after the sugar, right, which apparently is based on 0:21:15.000 --> 0:21:19.840 I guess it's probably would sugar alcohol. Wow. Yeah, it's 0:21:19.840 --> 0:21:23.560 pretty creative. I didn't. I'm just recounting here, so I 0:21:23.600 --> 0:21:27.120 know I didn't know. You didn't You weren't complimenting me. Uh. 0:21:27.240 --> 0:21:33.480 Sugar comes in different granulations and from icing sugar, which 0:21:33.520 --> 0:21:35.879 is if you've ever heard of confection or sugar that 0:21:35.960 --> 0:21:41.840 you daintily sprinkle on top of your um, what's it called? 0:21:41.880 --> 0:21:43.760 What did you get at the fair? Your funnel cake? 0:21:45.280 --> 0:21:47.679 Those are so good they are. I haven't had one 0:21:47.680 --> 0:21:50.439 a year, so yeah, they're good. I never like I 0:21:50.480 --> 0:21:53.240 got I don't indulge in that stuff. Man, what what 0:21:53.480 --> 0:21:56.120 is going on? Chuck? Well, you know, I'm I'm overweight 0:21:56.160 --> 0:21:58.440 and like it's there's just like you don't want to 0:21:58.480 --> 0:22:00.679 be the overweight guy walking up to the cake stand, 0:22:01.560 --> 0:22:03.800 you know, Well that's why you sneak around the back, 0:22:03.960 --> 0:22:05.280 get someone else to go get it, and you eat 0:22:05.320 --> 0:22:10.880 in the alley. Cry. I've never done that. No, i'veoid 0:22:10.920 --> 0:22:14.240 that stuff. Ice Cream is my big downfall. Oh what's 0:22:14.240 --> 0:22:17.760 your ice cream? What's your favorite? Um? Well, Ben and 0:22:17.840 --> 0:22:21.919 Jerry's sure like, but which one, Chubby Hubby? Oh that's 0:22:21.920 --> 0:22:25.880 a good one, ironically. Yeah, um, I gotta tell you. 0:22:26.040 --> 0:22:29.960 Have you had Bluebell? Yeah? Okay? Blue Bell is like 0:22:30.000 --> 0:22:35.920 the third best selling ice cream brand, but you can 0:22:35.960 --> 0:22:38.840 only get it in like seven states, that's how good 0:22:38.880 --> 0:22:42.840 it is. And um they have a banana pudding flavor. 0:22:43.520 --> 0:22:47.119 That is if you're in Nevada and you can't, the 0:22:47.160 --> 0:22:50.680 closest you can get it is in Mississippi. It's worth 0:22:50.760 --> 0:22:53.479 driving there for and it's like eight bucks for like 0:22:53.520 --> 0:22:56.840 a gallon or a half gallons ridiculously expensive. But it 0:22:57.000 --> 0:22:59.359 is so good. All of their flavors are good, but 0:22:59.400 --> 0:23:03.160 their banana putting one is like, it's just I'm about 0:23:03.160 --> 0:23:06.840 to cry. Yeah, they're um their radio commercials have you 0:23:06.880 --> 0:23:09.560 heard those? The songs horrible. Oh, it's the funniest stuff 0:23:09.560 --> 0:23:12.600 you've ever heard. The TV version of it is even worse. Yeah, 0:23:12.600 --> 0:23:14.520 it seems like a joke, Like are they serious or 0:23:14.600 --> 0:23:17.840 is this campy? Oh they're serious. Yeah, it's like an 0:23:17.920 --> 0:23:21.480 eighty five year old like braptist preachers in charge of 0:23:21.600 --> 0:23:25.640 like their ads. It's it is. It's campy. It's so 0:23:26.320 --> 0:23:28.760 it's and they don't mean it. It is. For those 0:23:28.800 --> 0:23:31.280 of you who don't know the songs, it's literally like, 0:23:31.520 --> 0:23:34.760 you know, mama's baking the apple pie and putting in 0:23:34.800 --> 0:23:37.520 the window sill and like the picket fences outside and 0:23:37.520 --> 0:23:40.399 we're eating bluebell ice cream because it tastes like the 0:23:40.400 --> 0:23:43.359 good old days. It's really funny. It rhymes more than that, 0:23:43.400 --> 0:23:47.399 but that's just a I'm sure it's on YouTube just 0:23:47.440 --> 0:23:50.119 type blue belt ice cream. Man. Yeah, it's good stuff. 0:23:50.560 --> 0:23:53.600 Um Man. That was a nice side track. So then 0:23:53.640 --> 0:23:56.760 you got Castor Sugar, which is larger than powdered sugar 0:23:56.800 --> 0:23:58.840 but smaller than granulated sugar. Yeah, which I didn't know 0:23:58.880 --> 0:24:00.760 about until like a couple of months ago. I don't 0:24:00.760 --> 0:24:02.760 remember what recipe it was, but there was a recipe 0:24:02.760 --> 0:24:05.639 that you mean was making that like called for castor sugar. 0:24:05.640 --> 0:24:08.280 And she's like what both of us were, Yeah, you 0:24:08.320 --> 0:24:10.960 apparently you can make it if like with the coffee grinder, 0:24:11.000 --> 0:24:13.800 you can grind your regular sugar. Yes, she came across that. 0:24:13.840 --> 0:24:16.840 I think you finally founders she ordered online or something 0:24:16.880 --> 0:24:20.640 like that. But she making a meringue because they used 0:24:20.640 --> 0:24:24.280 a lot of meringues. Evidently I don't remember. Maybe I 0:24:24.320 --> 0:24:30.880