1 00:00:00,960 --> 00:00:03,960 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class from how 2 00:00:04,000 --> 00:00:13,880 Speaker 1: Stuff Works dot com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. 3 00:00:14,040 --> 00:00:18,239 Speaker 1: I'm tracybe Wilson and I'm Holly Fry. On Monday, our 4 00:00:18,280 --> 00:00:21,239 Speaker 1: podcast was the episode part of our live show from 5 00:00:21,239 --> 00:00:23,960 Speaker 1: New York site. Holly and I talked to Brian Young, 6 00:00:24,040 --> 00:00:27,320 Speaker 1: who's the author of a children's illustrated history of Presidential 7 00:00:27,320 --> 00:00:32,640 Speaker 1: Assassination about as you Might Expect Presidential assassinations and also 8 00:00:32,720 --> 00:00:34,959 Speaker 1: his book, and we had planned all along to make 9 00:00:35,000 --> 00:00:37,760 Speaker 1: that live podcast recording part of the show into an 10 00:00:37,760 --> 00:00:39,920 Speaker 1: episode of the podcast so that all of you could 11 00:00:39,920 --> 00:00:43,199 Speaker 1: hear it. But we were generally expecting that the Q 12 00:00:43,360 --> 00:00:44,920 Speaker 1: and A part of the show that we did after 13 00:00:44,960 --> 00:00:47,199 Speaker 1: we finished our sort of planned out discussion to be 14 00:00:47,240 --> 00:00:50,800 Speaker 1: this weird hodgepodge of questions that would skip around and 15 00:00:51,000 --> 00:00:55,120 Speaker 1: really wouldn't be like one cohesive thing, because you know, 16 00:00:55,200 --> 00:00:58,120 Speaker 1: that's often how Q and A sessions go, right, that's 17 00:00:58,240 --> 00:01:02,160 Speaker 1: whatever is on their minds, It usually skip around. However, 18 00:01:02,960 --> 00:01:07,200 Speaker 1: we had the world's best audience, Seriously, we really did. 19 00:01:07,880 --> 00:01:11,319 Speaker 1: They asked great questions. They were interesting and insightful and concise, 20 00:01:11,400 --> 00:01:13,640 Speaker 1: and most of them were about the assassinations and the 21 00:01:13,680 --> 00:01:16,680 Speaker 1: attempts that we had just been discussing. So it became clear. 22 00:01:17,160 --> 00:01:20,000 Speaker 1: I mean, I think we were literally leaving the venue 23 00:01:20,160 --> 00:01:23,440 Speaker 1: and walking back to our hotel when both of us, 24 00:01:23,880 --> 00:01:26,200 Speaker 1: independently of each other, were like, we need that Q 25 00:01:26,360 --> 00:01:29,080 Speaker 1: and A Part to be a podcast. Also, Yeah, because 26 00:01:29,120 --> 00:01:32,679 Speaker 1: Brian is so uh well researched in this area. He 27 00:01:32,720 --> 00:01:36,039 Speaker 1: knows so much and he's so passionate about history. His 28 00:01:36,200 --> 00:01:39,120 Speaker 1: answers on these amazing questions that people came up with, 29 00:01:39,480 --> 00:01:44,880 Speaker 1: We're just so thoughtful and interesting and informative that like, 30 00:01:45,040 --> 00:01:48,280 Speaker 1: there was no way we wanted to keep that to ourselves. 31 00:01:49,080 --> 00:01:51,160 Speaker 1: Now we did. We are keeping some bits to ourselves 32 00:01:51,200 --> 00:01:53,960 Speaker 1: into the audience. He was there with us, Yeah, not 33 00:01:54,040 --> 00:01:57,920 Speaker 1: so much. That's just about the presidential assassination. Yeah. And 34 00:01:58,000 --> 00:02:02,720 Speaker 1: as a note, because we did not have an audience, 35 00:02:02,800 --> 00:02:06,360 Speaker 1: Mike uh, we repeated the questions so that everyone could hear. 36 00:02:06,440 --> 00:02:09,839 Speaker 1: So this really helped since the audience questions weren't really 37 00:02:09,840 --> 00:02:12,200 Speaker 1: captured in the recording. So what we've done just to 38 00:02:12,240 --> 00:02:16,200 Speaker 1: try to spare you of odd fuzzy quiet spaces where 39 00:02:16,320 --> 00:02:19,000 Speaker 1: we've tried to snip out or shorten the pauses and 40 00:02:19,080 --> 00:02:21,000 Speaker 1: the times when they were maybe asking questions that just 41 00:02:21,040 --> 00:02:24,360 Speaker 1: weren't audible. Yeah, And the last thing is because this 42 00:02:24,440 --> 00:02:26,440 Speaker 1: Q and A really followed on the heels of the 43 00:02:26,520 --> 00:02:29,520 Speaker 1: live podcast we had just recorded, some of the questions 44 00:02:29,639 --> 00:02:32,400 Speaker 1: definitely reflect back to that part of the show. So 45 00:02:32,440 --> 00:02:36,000 Speaker 1: if you haven't heard Monday's episode episode, a good idea 46 00:02:36,040 --> 00:02:37,959 Speaker 1: to check that one out before you listen to this one. 47 00:02:38,440 --> 00:02:40,800 Speaker 1: So let's hop right in. We're first going to begin 48 00:02:40,880 --> 00:02:43,040 Speaker 1: with a question for Brian about how he dealt with 49 00:02:43,040 --> 00:02:51,919 Speaker 1: Squeaky From and the Manson family in the book. So, 50 00:02:52,080 --> 00:02:54,840 Speaker 1: how did ideal with Squeaking From in the book? Um? 51 00:02:54,880 --> 00:02:58,640 Speaker 1: So the general four chapter, Uh, it's it's interesting where 52 00:02:59,120 --> 00:03:02,240 Speaker 1: I didn't get into the whole like, yes, she was 53 00:03:02,360 --> 00:03:04,919 Speaker 1: a follower of Manson, and it was sort of like 54 00:03:05,880 --> 00:03:07,639 Speaker 1: that was a little crazy, Like I didn't get into 55 00:03:07,680 --> 00:03:09,519 Speaker 1: that much detail. And it was one of those things 56 00:03:09,520 --> 00:03:11,880 Speaker 1: again where like I didn't want to be the person 57 00:03:11,919 --> 00:03:15,680 Speaker 1: presenting that rabbit hole of information to kids. Um, I 58 00:03:15,720 --> 00:03:18,000 Speaker 1: wanted parents to kind of do that. I mean, I 59 00:03:18,040 --> 00:03:20,120 Speaker 1: really do think this book is a partnership between kids 60 00:03:20,160 --> 00:03:22,839 Speaker 1: and parents. Um. And I think most books like this 61 00:03:23,160 --> 00:03:24,640 Speaker 1: should be. I mean, I don't think there's a book 62 00:03:24,680 --> 00:03:28,600 Speaker 1: like this, but you get what I mean, and it's 63 00:03:28,639 --> 00:03:32,320 Speaker 1: important that gerald Ford was there and what the circumstances were, 64 00:03:32,520 --> 00:03:36,480 Speaker 1: and that I kind of classify her under the delusional category. 65 00:03:36,840 --> 00:03:39,200 Speaker 1: And by the time all of the all of the 66 00:03:39,240 --> 00:03:42,520 Speaker 1: stories are assembled chronologically, so by the time they get 67 00:03:42,560 --> 00:03:45,800 Speaker 1: to gerald Ford, they kind of are attuned to the 68 00:03:45,840 --> 00:03:48,640 Speaker 1: fact that some of these people are just delusional. And 69 00:03:48,720 --> 00:03:51,360 Speaker 1: so when it's like she found this guy, that that 70 00:03:51,440 --> 00:03:54,360 Speaker 1: kind of twisted the ideas in her head, like I 71 00:03:54,400 --> 00:03:56,880 Speaker 1: don't think that that's a bridge too far for them 72 00:03:56,880 --> 00:03:59,120 Speaker 1: to cross, and so that's that's kind of how I 73 00:03:59,160 --> 00:04:02,640 Speaker 1: handled it, and that there's there are some illustrations in 74 00:04:02,640 --> 00:04:05,040 Speaker 1: that portion of the book. And the interesting part of 75 00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:07,240 Speaker 1: the story is that like she had a loaded weapon 76 00:04:07,400 --> 00:04:10,440 Speaker 1: and she was able to fire it and like it 77 00:04:10,960 --> 00:04:13,480 Speaker 1: magically didn't go off because she didn't have the bullet 78 00:04:13,560 --> 00:04:15,880 Speaker 1: chambered and they were able to tackle her in time. 79 00:04:16,440 --> 00:04:21,000 Speaker 1: And it's more incredible that like it happened in California 80 00:04:21,040 --> 00:04:24,360 Speaker 1: and Ford just stayed in California and like two weeks 81 00:04:24,400 --> 00:04:28,599 Speaker 1: plus later, like um, there was another assassination attempt and 82 00:04:28,600 --> 00:04:30,400 Speaker 1: it was just like a woman who was like I'm 83 00:04:30,480 --> 00:04:33,400 Speaker 1: upset about my politics, and she took a shot at him, 84 00:04:33,520 --> 00:04:35,920 Speaker 1: and like, if I were Ford, I'd never go back 85 00:04:35,920 --> 00:04:40,160 Speaker 1: to California. I tried to figure out what exactly her 86 00:04:40,160 --> 00:04:43,120 Speaker 1: politics were after I read the book, and I could 87 00:04:43,440 --> 00:04:45,960 Speaker 1: find an answer to that anywhere that that was sort 88 00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:48,679 Speaker 1: of like the vague answer that was given like every time. 89 00:04:48,760 --> 00:04:53,400 Speaker 1: And I my best guess was the pardon of Nixon UM, 90 00:04:53,440 --> 00:04:55,280 Speaker 1: because a lot of people that was sort of what 91 00:04:55,320 --> 00:04:58,839 Speaker 1: people were upset at that time about UM. But I 92 00:04:58,839 --> 00:05:02,640 Speaker 1: couldn't find anything elusive that she talked about it, and 93 00:05:02,720 --> 00:05:04,760 Speaker 1: so I didn't want to include it. And I tried 94 00:05:04,800 --> 00:05:08,920 Speaker 1: to keep the book fairly nonpartisan, like it was, it 95 00:05:08,960 --> 00:05:11,680 Speaker 1: was very I tried to remain sort of balanced and 96 00:05:11,960 --> 00:05:16,039 Speaker 1: insofar as like, yes, the Trail of Tears was was awful, 97 00:05:16,360 --> 00:05:20,320 Speaker 1: but it happened, and and this was what Jackson did 98 00:05:20,360 --> 00:05:22,000 Speaker 1: because he thought it was right. I don't think any 99 00:05:22,040 --> 00:05:23,880 Speaker 1: of the presidents that I talked about in the book 100 00:05:24,279 --> 00:05:27,880 Speaker 1: thought they were like purposely harming America or destroying anything. 101 00:05:27,920 --> 00:05:29,960 Speaker 1: So I tried to approach it that way. Well, and 102 00:05:30,000 --> 00:05:33,680 Speaker 1: that's that's the more and just from a writing standpoint, 103 00:05:33,680 --> 00:05:36,040 Speaker 1: that's the more interesting way to approach it anyway, because 104 00:05:36,080 --> 00:05:41,200 Speaker 1: like mustache whirling villains are pretty boring. Yeah, nobody thinks 105 00:05:41,200 --> 00:05:44,680 Speaker 1: they're the bad guy. No, And and that's what it 106 00:05:44,800 --> 00:05:48,440 Speaker 1: was the same thing with handling all of the assassins too. Um, 107 00:05:48,480 --> 00:05:51,400 Speaker 1: you know, there were a couple of like anarchists or 108 00:05:51,520 --> 00:05:54,279 Speaker 1: or man. Even the guy who tried to kill Garfield, 109 00:05:54,520 --> 00:05:57,960 Speaker 1: or who did kill Garfield like, he wasn't just like 110 00:05:58,040 --> 00:06:01,360 Speaker 1: a good guy. He was the guy who made Garfield 111 00:06:01,400 --> 00:06:06,200 Speaker 1: like the president because he wrote that speech that everyone 112 00:06:06,279 --> 00:06:09,520 Speaker 1: listened to that he happened to retitle after the election 113 00:06:10,680 --> 00:06:15,440 Speaker 1: to make it relevant to Garfield. Um, but no, it's 114 00:06:15,680 --> 00:06:18,480 Speaker 1: it's it's like no one, no one in this book 115 00:06:18,480 --> 00:06:21,120 Speaker 1: thought they were the bad guy, not the assassin's, not 116 00:06:21,440 --> 00:06:24,679 Speaker 1: the presidents. And so I didn't want to approach anybody 117 00:06:24,680 --> 00:06:26,600 Speaker 1: like that. I wanted to try to get at what 118 00:06:26,640 --> 00:06:30,400 Speaker 1: people's reasons were, honestly. I mean, even John Wilkes Boo Booth, 119 00:06:30,480 --> 00:06:33,040 Speaker 1: like I said, I mean, I don't think he tried 120 00:06:33,040 --> 00:06:35,640 Speaker 1: to kill I don't think there's any good reason to 121 00:06:35,680 --> 00:06:39,919 Speaker 1: kill the president. But for Booth, he thought he was 122 00:06:39,960 --> 00:06:42,000 Speaker 1: doing what was best for his country. And I didn't 123 00:06:42,000 --> 00:06:45,359 Speaker 1: want to to to I wanted to humanize them so 124 00:06:45,400 --> 00:06:49,599 Speaker 1: that people can see that people can make really bad 125 00:06:49,600 --> 00:06:53,120 Speaker 1: decisions for what they think are the right reasons. Yeah, 126 00:06:53,440 --> 00:06:59,240 Speaker 1: this is like a big moral load for it stems 127 00:06:59,279 --> 00:07:02,080 Speaker 1: from my loves Star Wars and the hol Anikin stuff. 128 00:07:02,839 --> 00:07:08,719 Speaker 1: Wouldn't go down that path, I promise, I understand it's 129 00:07:08,720 --> 00:07:12,840 Speaker 1: always relevant to me. But um, other questions, what do 130 00:07:12,880 --> 00:07:16,760 Speaker 1: we got? So, did your daughter have interactions with the 131 00:07:16,840 --> 00:07:18,640 Speaker 1: editor and the editor did the editor have to edit 132 00:07:18,640 --> 00:07:21,520 Speaker 1: your daughter? No? No, all all my daughter did were 133 00:07:21,560 --> 00:07:23,760 Speaker 1: the like I kind of handled her and it was 134 00:07:23,800 --> 00:07:29,600 Speaker 1: all just her. Her only contributions were she did a 135 00:07:29,640 --> 00:07:34,240 Speaker 1: portrait of each president and for three of the assassination, 136 00:07:34,800 --> 00:07:38,560 Speaker 1: the successful assassinations, she did renderings of them. She found 137 00:07:38,680 --> 00:07:42,040 Speaker 1: nothing interesting about Garfield's assassination, so she was just like, 138 00:07:42,560 --> 00:07:45,280 Speaker 1: I don't care about Garfield, which is kind of why 139 00:07:45,400 --> 00:07:48,520 Speaker 1: that's probably I think for most people, like on average, 140 00:07:48,600 --> 00:07:53,440 Speaker 1: like the hardest one to name, especially since Garfield I 141 00:07:53,480 --> 00:07:59,440 Speaker 1: don't with with McKinley, um people have his name around 142 00:07:59,480 --> 00:08:01,840 Speaker 1: with Garfield, like, I don't think people associate him with 143 00:08:01,960 --> 00:08:05,840 Speaker 1: very much um and and so I think he was 144 00:08:05,880 --> 00:08:08,120 Speaker 1: just sort of the most forgettable and I have no idea, 145 00:08:08,200 --> 00:08:10,120 Speaker 1: like I can't get an answer out of her why 146 00:08:10,200 --> 00:08:12,160 Speaker 1: she didn't want to do that one other than it 147 00:08:12,240 --> 00:08:15,120 Speaker 1: was just like I don't know so but no, there 148 00:08:15,200 --> 00:08:17,920 Speaker 1: was no interaction with with the publisher, the editor and her. 149 00:08:18,160 --> 00:08:21,000 Speaker 1: It was that they kind of let me take care 150 00:08:21,040 --> 00:08:23,600 Speaker 1: of all of that. Else. I know we had a 151 00:08:23,640 --> 00:08:27,480 Speaker 1: hand over here. Yep. Um. So Brian's take on this 152 00:08:27,640 --> 00:08:35,000 Speaker 1: Stephen Sondheim play Assassins, I have not seen it, I know, right, 153 00:08:36,080 --> 00:08:38,880 Speaker 1: That's the reaction that I get every time I hear that. 154 00:08:39,000 --> 00:08:43,000 Speaker 1: I have listened to the score a lot um because 155 00:08:43,760 --> 00:08:46,480 Speaker 1: I was gonna say, my wife is just really into 156 00:08:46,520 --> 00:08:49,240 Speaker 1: like Stephen Sondheim and musical, so I've heard the score 157 00:08:49,280 --> 00:08:51,240 Speaker 1: and stuff. But it wasn't like anything I sought out. 158 00:08:51,280 --> 00:08:53,560 Speaker 1: It wasn't like I wonder if this is going to 159 00:08:53,600 --> 00:08:55,760 Speaker 1: reveal anything that I'm going to have to put in 160 00:08:55,800 --> 00:08:58,240 Speaker 1: the book. It was it was, it was. It didn't 161 00:08:58,240 --> 00:09:03,600 Speaker 1: feel like necessary. Um, it didn't feel like necessary research 162 00:09:03,640 --> 00:09:06,920 Speaker 1: for me. Same with Sarah Owl's wonderful Assassination vacation, Like 163 00:09:07,000 --> 00:09:11,920 Speaker 1: I just didn't go there for this. I was just 164 00:09:12,040 --> 00:09:14,880 Speaker 1: going to say that we still get emails sometimes about 165 00:09:14,880 --> 00:09:16,360 Speaker 1: the time that I said that I don't care for 166 00:09:16,400 --> 00:09:18,839 Speaker 1: some time on the podcast, and that was like two 167 00:09:18,920 --> 00:09:22,439 Speaker 1: years ago. I think I don't really either. I'm so sorry. 168 00:09:22,640 --> 00:09:27,560 Speaker 1: I can appreciate Snheim's technical mastery, I do not personally 169 00:09:27,679 --> 00:09:31,160 Speaker 1: enjoy listening to it as a thing to do for fun. Well, 170 00:09:31,160 --> 00:09:33,800 Speaker 1: and I have that I have that musicals thing where 171 00:09:33,840 --> 00:09:37,480 Speaker 1: I don't like to watch people sing because you see 172 00:09:37,559 --> 00:09:41,320 Speaker 1: in their mouths. It's really gross. I can't handle it. 173 00:09:41,400 --> 00:09:45,840 Speaker 1: It is so gross. That's also why you never watched Glee. 174 00:09:46,679 --> 00:09:48,679 Speaker 1: That is like a torture chamber to me, Like, if 175 00:09:48,840 --> 00:09:52,200 Speaker 1: I ever, if I've ever suspected of a crime and 176 00:09:52,280 --> 00:09:54,200 Speaker 1: people want to like torture the truth out of me, 177 00:09:54,240 --> 00:09:56,280 Speaker 1: they can just show me American Idol and Glee over 178 00:09:56,280 --> 00:09:58,120 Speaker 1: and over and I'll be like, I'll give it up. 179 00:09:58,160 --> 00:09:59,760 Speaker 1: I'll give it up. Don't maybe look at their mouth 180 00:09:59,800 --> 00:10:02,720 Speaker 1: that I I think we had this exact conversation one 181 00:10:02,760 --> 00:10:04,680 Speaker 1: time on that podcast we used to be on. I think, 182 00:10:04,720 --> 00:10:08,360 Speaker 1: so it's icky. I can't do it. And also they 183 00:10:08,400 --> 00:10:12,920 Speaker 1: make faces that are private time basis, do you know 184 00:10:12,920 --> 00:10:15,440 Speaker 1: what I mean? Like they make really a motive singer. 185 00:10:15,520 --> 00:10:18,000 Speaker 1: I can watch opera because they're acting a little bit 186 00:10:18,000 --> 00:10:22,480 Speaker 1: more and it's not quite as but ummmmmm no, thank you. 187 00:10:23,800 --> 00:10:34,439 Speaker 1: Another question, uh you, sir? So he want so if 188 00:10:34,440 --> 00:10:37,640 Speaker 1: I had to explain to the plot of Taxi Driver, um, 189 00:10:37,840 --> 00:10:40,960 Speaker 1: Taxi Driver comes up. But I did not get into 190 00:10:40,960 --> 00:10:43,760 Speaker 1: the plot of Taxi Driver. I would have liked to, 191 00:10:43,960 --> 00:10:47,079 Speaker 1: because I really love Taxi Driver, and I really love 192 00:10:47,120 --> 00:10:52,080 Speaker 1: Scorsese movies. And what was germane to the story was 193 00:10:52,160 --> 00:10:55,600 Speaker 1: that that movie influenced him and that there was assassination 194 00:10:55,640 --> 00:10:59,760 Speaker 1: and a potential assassination in the movie, and that Jody 195 00:10:59,800 --> 00:11:01,800 Speaker 1: Faster was in it. And those are the three key 196 00:11:01,840 --> 00:11:05,240 Speaker 1: details that I put in the book, because I mean, 197 00:11:06,559 --> 00:11:09,920 Speaker 1: you're hard pressed to find anybody of a generation younger 198 00:11:09,920 --> 00:11:12,199 Speaker 1: than mine. I feel like that's interested in movies made 199 00:11:12,240 --> 00:11:18,400 Speaker 1: before anyway, And so Taxi Driver, like to an eight 200 00:11:18,440 --> 00:11:22,800 Speaker 1: year old, just seems like, I don't know what's the point, really, 201 00:11:22,840 --> 00:11:25,280 Speaker 1: like they're gonna need to be way older for all 202 00:11:25,320 --> 00:11:28,160 Speaker 1: of the context anyway, So they just need to know 203 00:11:28,240 --> 00:11:30,959 Speaker 1: the highlights and the I mean, there is an illustration. 204 00:11:31,000 --> 00:11:35,440 Speaker 1: Aaron Kuberak, who did the illustrations, did um cheated portraits 205 00:11:35,440 --> 00:11:39,240 Speaker 1: of each of the assassins, and I think um, his 206 00:11:39,320 --> 00:11:41,120 Speaker 1: portrait is one of my favorites because it does have 207 00:11:41,240 --> 00:11:43,800 Speaker 1: Jody Foster from Taxi Driver in it, and it's just 208 00:11:43,840 --> 00:11:47,160 Speaker 1: a really interesting You'll have to to look at it. 209 00:11:47,160 --> 00:11:49,520 Speaker 1: It's just a great portrait. I feel like we stumbled 210 00:11:49,520 --> 00:11:52,520 Speaker 1: into your next children's book, which is the illustrated Scorsese 211 00:11:52,640 --> 00:12:04,880 Speaker 1: for children that he did that himself with Hugo. If 212 00:12:04,920 --> 00:12:08,560 Speaker 1: you are a little foggy about the more recent presidential 213 00:12:08,600 --> 00:12:12,520 Speaker 1: assassination attempts in history, you may not recall why Taxi 214 00:12:12,640 --> 00:12:15,720 Speaker 1: Driver is relevant to all this, so long story short. 215 00:12:15,800 --> 00:12:21,080 Speaker 1: John Hinckley Jr's attempted assassination of President Ronald Reagan was 216 00:12:21,200 --> 00:12:24,200 Speaker 1: in part an imitation of that movie and an attempts 217 00:12:24,280 --> 00:12:27,520 Speaker 1: to impress Jodie Foster, who had a leading role in it. 218 00:12:28,240 --> 00:12:30,120 Speaker 1: And now we're going to take a quick break because 219 00:12:30,160 --> 00:12:32,200 Speaker 1: we talk about the answer to the next question for 220 00:12:32,320 --> 00:12:33,960 Speaker 1: quite a bit. It goes on for a while and 221 00:12:34,000 --> 00:12:36,959 Speaker 1: it's really informative. So before we get into that, let's 222 00:12:37,000 --> 00:12:39,679 Speaker 1: pause for a brief word from one of our great sponsors. 223 00:12:40,520 --> 00:12:44,200 Speaker 1: Next up, we have a question about how these assassinations 224 00:12:44,240 --> 00:12:48,720 Speaker 1: and their attempts have affected the nation, and answering this 225 00:12:48,800 --> 00:12:51,040 Speaker 1: took us all down a bunch of different roads, from 226 00:12:51,080 --> 00:12:54,880 Speaker 1: the sort of galvanizing effects that an assassination attempt tends 227 00:12:54,920 --> 00:12:59,040 Speaker 1: to have on the general public to the evolution of 228 00:12:59,080 --> 00:13:01,520 Speaker 1: the Secret Service, which we don't really talk about it here, 229 00:13:01,600 --> 00:13:03,959 Speaker 1: but there is a whole section of the book that's 230 00:13:04,000 --> 00:13:11,680 Speaker 1: about exactly that. So let's jump in. So he wants 231 00:13:11,679 --> 00:13:14,719 Speaker 1: to know the the effect of assassination and what it's 232 00:13:14,760 --> 00:13:19,480 Speaker 1: had on on the country is that isn't um? I 233 00:13:19,520 --> 00:13:25,440 Speaker 1: think for my daughter, I think the effect was immediate 234 00:13:25,440 --> 00:13:27,560 Speaker 1: when I told her that first time, like President Lincoln 235 00:13:27,559 --> 00:13:32,000 Speaker 1: was assassinated, and she was gobsmacked that that was that's 236 00:13:32,000 --> 00:13:36,720 Speaker 1: the word I can use, right, Okay, she was gob smacked, um, 237 00:13:36,840 --> 00:13:39,200 Speaker 1: that that was something that could even happen, because it's 238 00:13:39,240 --> 00:13:44,200 Speaker 1: just not it's not It didn't feel pleasant to her 239 00:13:44,240 --> 00:13:48,800 Speaker 1: that somebody would do that. Um. And going through the book, 240 00:13:49,280 --> 00:13:52,439 Speaker 1: I think it's important, I think, and maybe this is 241 00:13:52,480 --> 00:13:54,760 Speaker 1: me being too much of a an artist or something 242 00:13:54,800 --> 00:13:57,119 Speaker 1: and wanting people to get something out of it themselves. 243 00:13:57,440 --> 00:14:00,960 Speaker 1: But there's like nothing pleasant that opens with any of this, 244 00:14:01,160 --> 00:14:03,440 Speaker 1: the countries and turmoil, and there's sort of that picture 245 00:14:03,480 --> 00:14:06,080 Speaker 1: painted that like no one likes any of this happening, 246 00:14:06,679 --> 00:14:12,840 Speaker 1: and that the people who are doing it, for the 247 00:14:12,880 --> 00:14:17,439 Speaker 1: most part are just disturbed individuals and they probably needed 248 00:14:17,480 --> 00:14:21,240 Speaker 1: help and this is not okay, and that no rational 249 00:14:21,720 --> 00:14:24,960 Speaker 1: human being is going to say this is a logical 250 00:14:25,040 --> 00:14:30,160 Speaker 1: choice for me to make, and just that devastation on 251 00:14:30,200 --> 00:14:32,080 Speaker 1: her face when she found out it was a possibility. 252 00:14:32,120 --> 00:14:34,520 Speaker 1: I think is is the reaction has on like a 253 00:14:34,560 --> 00:14:38,120 Speaker 1: mass scale for everybody. Um, but I'd be more interested 254 00:14:38,160 --> 00:14:39,800 Speaker 1: to hear you guys think of. I mean, you guys 255 00:14:39,800 --> 00:14:44,400 Speaker 1: read it pretty objectively, and well, what I initially think 256 00:14:44,440 --> 00:14:48,080 Speaker 1: of when that question comes up is, actually, um, I 257 00:14:48,160 --> 00:14:52,400 Speaker 1: am old enough to remember when Reagan was shocked. I 258 00:14:52,560 --> 00:14:56,080 Speaker 1: was nine when it happened, and I remember like that 259 00:14:56,120 --> 00:14:58,400 Speaker 1: being really a shock wave moment, Like I remember walking 260 00:14:58,400 --> 00:14:59,760 Speaker 1: in the door. I can tell you about the little 261 00:14:59,760 --> 00:15:02,560 Speaker 1: pete teared skirt outfit I was wearing, and my older brother, 262 00:15:02,600 --> 00:15:04,040 Speaker 1: who was a good bit older than me, like that, 263 00:15:04,080 --> 00:15:05,840 Speaker 1: he greeted me at the door off the school bus 264 00:15:05,840 --> 00:15:07,800 Speaker 1: and said the president was shot. And I think I 265 00:15:07,800 --> 00:15:10,680 Speaker 1: said some swear words like you you know, because that's 266 00:15:10,680 --> 00:15:12,840 Speaker 1: the kind of nine year old I was, I'm sorry, 267 00:15:12,840 --> 00:15:14,960 Speaker 1: it's true. Uh, And he was like, no, It's true. 268 00:15:15,000 --> 00:15:16,560 Speaker 1: It's on TV and we were watching it, and I 269 00:15:16,600 --> 00:15:19,120 Speaker 1: just remember it being an oddly Again through the lens 270 00:15:19,160 --> 00:15:20,560 Speaker 1: of a nine year old, it seems like a very 271 00:15:20,560 --> 00:15:23,600 Speaker 1: galvanizing moment where everyone was very upset about it, and 272 00:15:23,640 --> 00:15:26,000 Speaker 1: it didn't matter about your politics. It was just horrible 273 00:15:26,040 --> 00:15:28,520 Speaker 1: that this had taken place. Um. There's a moment in 274 00:15:28,560 --> 00:15:31,720 Speaker 1: the book, UM, and it happened when Reagan was being 275 00:15:31,840 --> 00:15:35,360 Speaker 1: brought to the hospital UM, which is another interesting thing, 276 00:15:35,360 --> 00:15:37,200 Speaker 1: where Reagan was almost like, no, I'm fine. It's a 277 00:15:37,240 --> 00:15:39,600 Speaker 1: cracked ry of oh no, I'm coughing up blood. And 278 00:15:39,640 --> 00:15:41,440 Speaker 1: then they're like, okay, let's take him to the hospital. 279 00:15:41,920 --> 00:15:45,520 Speaker 1: And Reagan was sort of joking about it. And I 280 00:15:45,560 --> 00:15:46,840 Speaker 1: think this is part of why I thought it was 281 00:15:46,840 --> 00:15:50,200 Speaker 1: really important to humanize the president, whoever he was, whichever party, 282 00:15:50,240 --> 00:15:54,240 Speaker 1: and whatever I felt their politics were. Um. Reagan gets 283 00:15:54,240 --> 00:15:57,000 Speaker 1: into the operating room and says, I hope you're all Republicans. 284 00:15:58,520 --> 00:16:03,440 Speaker 1: And the surgeon was a pretty prominent liberal Democrat and 285 00:16:03,480 --> 00:16:07,680 Speaker 1: he said, sir, today, we're all Republicans. And I think 286 00:16:07,720 --> 00:16:09,920 Speaker 1: that was a really powerful moment. I really wanted to 287 00:16:10,200 --> 00:16:13,080 Speaker 1: include moments like that in the book where I could 288 00:16:13,160 --> 00:16:16,840 Speaker 1: because I think that's what happens when when our leaders 289 00:16:16,880 --> 00:16:21,960 Speaker 1: are attacked like that. Um. There was another one with UM, 290 00:16:22,200 --> 00:16:24,680 Speaker 1: well that's that's actually kind of a lighter story. But 291 00:16:25,080 --> 00:16:28,000 Speaker 1: UM there are examples of that where it's like we 292 00:16:28,080 --> 00:16:30,760 Speaker 1: have to come together and like overcome this because that's 293 00:16:30,800 --> 00:16:33,440 Speaker 1: not this is not how people act or should act, 294 00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:38,480 Speaker 1: and that we all, like, despite our political differences, come 295 00:16:38,520 --> 00:16:42,360 Speaker 1: together because human life is valuable, regardless of what the 296 00:16:42,360 --> 00:16:46,200 Speaker 1: opinion of that human life is. You can also see 297 00:16:46,280 --> 00:16:49,880 Speaker 1: as you read all these stories in the book, the 298 00:16:49,920 --> 00:16:57,160 Speaker 1: progression in how much UH safety insurance surround the office 299 00:16:57,200 --> 00:16:59,640 Speaker 1: of president. Like when you when you think about ages 300 00:16:59,680 --> 00:17:03,200 Speaker 1: ago in the past, king's riding into battle with their 301 00:17:03,240 --> 00:17:06,639 Speaker 1: men right and putting their own lives at risk anie 302 00:17:06,720 --> 00:17:10,000 Speaker 1: field of battle. Then we sort of get to the 303 00:17:10,040 --> 00:17:14,160 Speaker 1: earliest assassination attempt in the United States with UH, with 304 00:17:14,240 --> 00:17:17,600 Speaker 1: somebody basically being like, oh, that guy just tried to 305 00:17:17,640 --> 00:17:20,600 Speaker 1: kill the president. We're standing around here, we should probably 306 00:17:20,840 --> 00:17:27,840 Speaker 1: knock him down. UH. And it's so you sort of 307 00:17:27,880 --> 00:17:31,440 Speaker 1: see gradually that Okay, now there are some guards posted 308 00:17:31,880 --> 00:17:35,000 Speaker 1: outside where the president is sleeping. Now we have an 309 00:17:35,040 --> 00:17:37,880 Speaker 1: actual secret service, Like now this sort of grows into 310 00:17:37,880 --> 00:17:40,320 Speaker 1: this whole thing and now we have like dudes running 311 00:17:40,320 --> 00:17:43,040 Speaker 1: alongside the armored car there. There there are moments like 312 00:17:43,080 --> 00:17:44,919 Speaker 1: that in the book to where where there are steps 313 00:17:44,920 --> 00:17:47,600 Speaker 1: sort of taken along the way. Uh. We talked about 314 00:17:47,600 --> 00:17:50,800 Speaker 1: when the Secret Service kind of came around. Um, the 315 00:17:50,840 --> 00:17:54,840 Speaker 1: book goes into I think Garfield's assassination was actually a 316 00:17:54,880 --> 00:17:57,960 Speaker 1: big step in fixing a lot of this stuff. Um. 317 00:17:58,000 --> 00:18:02,440 Speaker 1: Back when Garfield was president, when the party's changed hands 318 00:18:02,920 --> 00:18:05,879 Speaker 1: with the White House, like everyone in Washington got fired, 319 00:18:06,040 --> 00:18:08,639 Speaker 1: Like everyone lost their job. It didn't matter if you 320 00:18:08,680 --> 00:18:11,560 Speaker 1: were a department level position or like the guy working 321 00:18:11,560 --> 00:18:14,800 Speaker 1: at the post office in DC, Like everyone lost their job. 322 00:18:15,200 --> 00:18:17,880 Speaker 1: And everyone from the new party came in and they 323 00:18:17,920 --> 00:18:22,679 Speaker 1: just started seeking work um to fill all those positions again. 324 00:18:23,240 --> 00:18:27,320 Speaker 1: And it was very partisan. And anybody could I mean, 325 00:18:27,359 --> 00:18:31,240 Speaker 1: like you could like go get that appointment at the 326 00:18:31,240 --> 00:18:34,600 Speaker 1: White House like today you go to the White House, uh, 327 00:18:34,640 --> 00:18:37,000 Speaker 1: and it's it's kind of a big process. You've got 328 00:18:37,080 --> 00:18:39,000 Speaker 1: to get tickets from your congress person, and they've got 329 00:18:39,000 --> 00:18:40,880 Speaker 1: to go through a background check before you can even 330 00:18:40,880 --> 00:18:44,479 Speaker 1: get to the security checkpoint to get into the house. 331 00:18:44,760 --> 00:18:48,320 Speaker 1: And and then you can ask for a job, and 332 00:18:48,359 --> 00:18:50,359 Speaker 1: it's not gonna work because the only person there's a 333 00:18:50,400 --> 00:18:54,800 Speaker 1: stone faced security officer going like please leave now, um. 334 00:18:54,880 --> 00:18:59,240 Speaker 1: But so so Garfield, he was assassinated by a guy 335 00:18:59,480 --> 00:19:03,320 Speaker 1: who up showing up and saying like, um, I should 336 00:19:03,359 --> 00:19:06,080 Speaker 1: be the consul of Paris. Um. I was joking about 337 00:19:06,080 --> 00:19:10,720 Speaker 1: it earlier, but he had written a speech um that 338 00:19:11,400 --> 00:19:15,520 Speaker 1: before from about some other people and after Garfield, one 339 00:19:15,600 --> 00:19:18,760 Speaker 1: literally changed the names in the speech to match Garfield 340 00:19:19,000 --> 00:19:21,200 Speaker 1: and said like this speech was the thing that changed 341 00:19:21,240 --> 00:19:24,280 Speaker 1: the country's mind to make you win this election. I 342 00:19:24,320 --> 00:19:27,200 Speaker 1: should have a position in this administration. And he kept 343 00:19:27,200 --> 00:19:30,240 Speaker 1: coming back over and over and over again, and he 344 00:19:30,280 --> 00:19:33,960 Speaker 1: kept saying like I totally deserved this job of consul 345 00:19:34,000 --> 00:19:37,720 Speaker 1: of Paris, and they're like, you're you're a crazy person, 346 00:19:37,800 --> 00:19:41,320 Speaker 1: please leave, like and they were really polite about it. 347 00:19:41,359 --> 00:19:44,600 Speaker 1: But then he borrowed fifteen dollars and bought a gun 348 00:19:44,760 --> 00:19:49,160 Speaker 1: with that and started stocking Garfield and UM. I found 349 00:19:49,160 --> 00:19:51,840 Speaker 1: it really interesting that the first time he was going 350 00:19:51,880 --> 00:19:56,200 Speaker 1: to shoot Garfield he didn't go through with it because 351 00:19:56,240 --> 00:19:59,080 Speaker 1: Garfield's wife was there and he didn't want to cause 352 00:19:59,119 --> 00:20:01,479 Speaker 1: that distress of her having to see it personally, so 353 00:20:01,520 --> 00:20:06,120 Speaker 1: he waited until later and then shot and killed him. Um. 354 00:20:06,160 --> 00:20:09,800 Speaker 1: I mean it took a few days, but um. And 355 00:20:09,840 --> 00:20:13,640 Speaker 1: then Chester A. Arthur who took over like his big 356 00:20:13,680 --> 00:20:16,640 Speaker 1: signature flagship thing. The thing we know Chester A. Arthur four. 357 00:20:16,680 --> 00:20:20,040 Speaker 1: If anything other than a reference in Diehard three, is 358 00:20:20,800 --> 00:20:23,600 Speaker 1: that a civil service reform. They made it so that 359 00:20:23,640 --> 00:20:27,840 Speaker 1: you your job was based on competency, not this political 360 00:20:27,880 --> 00:20:31,399 Speaker 1: partisan office seeking, because that was what they blamed the 361 00:20:31,440 --> 00:20:36,240 Speaker 1: assassination attepped On and so um. The book, as it 362 00:20:36,280 --> 00:20:39,840 Speaker 1: progresses chronologically, you see every step the country sort of 363 00:20:39,840 --> 00:20:41,520 Speaker 1: takes to get away from the fact that it would 364 00:20:41,520 --> 00:20:44,960 Speaker 1: be almost unthinkable today for anyone to get close enough 365 00:20:45,000 --> 00:20:48,639 Speaker 1: for that to happen in that situation. I have no 366 00:20:48,720 --> 00:20:50,520 Speaker 1: idea if that's answer to your question. We've kind of 367 00:20:50,560 --> 00:20:54,200 Speaker 1: gone down a very long road here. We have time 368 00:20:54,240 --> 00:20:58,120 Speaker 1: for still more questions. I think the hardest to research 369 00:20:58,200 --> 00:21:00,719 Speaker 1: was the Kennedy one, because I like read the Warrant report, 370 00:21:01,280 --> 00:21:02,760 Speaker 1: and I don't know if you've seen the Warrant report, 371 00:21:02,800 --> 00:21:07,240 Speaker 1: but it's like that thick um and that that was 372 00:21:07,320 --> 00:21:12,840 Speaker 1: just me like, man, that's a lot of work. Um. 373 00:21:12,880 --> 00:21:14,959 Speaker 1: It wasn't narrowing in the least. It was just a 374 00:21:14,960 --> 00:21:16,560 Speaker 1: lot of time. One of the ones that was that 375 00:21:16,680 --> 00:21:19,320 Speaker 1: was a lot of hard was like, there's no there's 376 00:21:19,320 --> 00:21:21,400 Speaker 1: no photo reference of Richard Lawrence, who was the first 377 00:21:21,400 --> 00:21:27,280 Speaker 1: presidential assassination, So like the illustrations in the book are 378 00:21:27,280 --> 00:21:29,520 Speaker 1: based on photographs and things, but Aaron had to take 379 00:21:29,560 --> 00:21:33,960 Speaker 1: sort of artistic license to render Richard Lawrence. Um. I 380 00:21:34,080 --> 00:21:39,800 Speaker 1: found the Kennedy assassination like really, um, it was really difficult, 381 00:21:39,840 --> 00:21:46,200 Speaker 1: just emotionally. Um. Scout really really really wanted to watch 382 00:21:46,240 --> 00:21:49,000 Speaker 1: the Supprofter film and I didn't know how comfortable I 383 00:21:49,160 --> 00:21:52,560 Speaker 1: was with that, and uh, you know, she kind of 384 00:21:52,560 --> 00:21:54,920 Speaker 1: talked me into it, like, you know, if we're gonna 385 00:21:54,960 --> 00:21:57,080 Speaker 1: do this, I'd like to watch it. And we watched 386 00:21:57,119 --> 00:22:00,280 Speaker 1: the one that was like they've like digitally got rid 387 00:22:00,320 --> 00:22:02,080 Speaker 1: of all of the I mean, if you watch the 388 00:22:02,119 --> 00:22:04,320 Speaker 1: original Supruder film, it's just all over the place and 389 00:22:04,359 --> 00:22:06,439 Speaker 1: you can't really track what's going on, Like you know 390 00:22:06,480 --> 00:22:08,720 Speaker 1: what's going on if you freeze frame it, you can tell. 391 00:22:09,320 --> 00:22:11,840 Speaker 1: But they like digitally fixed all of it and straightened 392 00:22:11,840 --> 00:22:15,080 Speaker 1: it all out, and it was I think that was 393 00:22:15,119 --> 00:22:18,320 Speaker 1: probably the most difficult moment, like making the decision to 394 00:22:18,359 --> 00:22:21,960 Speaker 1: say like we're gonna watch this and and we're gonna 395 00:22:21,960 --> 00:22:25,639 Speaker 1: go through with like understanding why this happened. Um. I 396 00:22:25,640 --> 00:22:28,200 Speaker 1: think that was probably one of the most striking moments 397 00:22:28,520 --> 00:22:33,240 Speaker 1: making the whole book. But else you got the question 398 00:22:33,320 --> 00:22:36,440 Speaker 1: is do I get letters from from children after reading 399 00:22:36,440 --> 00:22:39,440 Speaker 1: the book? And I have and and uh, the letters 400 00:22:39,480 --> 00:22:42,800 Speaker 1: I'm more, uh the kind of reveal more are actually 401 00:22:42,840 --> 00:22:46,920 Speaker 1: from teachers. Um. There are. I get letters a lot 402 00:22:46,960 --> 00:22:49,399 Speaker 1: from teachers who actually use the book to teach, and 403 00:22:49,440 --> 00:22:52,240 Speaker 1: I hear sort of through them that kids have gotten 404 00:22:52,240 --> 00:22:55,919 Speaker 1: really interested in it because they're they're connecting with the 405 00:22:55,960 --> 00:22:59,760 Speaker 1: stories and actually kind of biting off pieces of history 406 00:22:59,800 --> 00:23:03,240 Speaker 1: that that they wouldn't ordinarily be able to it at 407 00:23:03,280 --> 00:23:06,399 Speaker 1: sort of that eight to twelve age. UM. And and 408 00:23:06,480 --> 00:23:10,600 Speaker 1: so that's sort of what's most gratifying, UM to me. 409 00:23:12,920 --> 00:23:16,000 Speaker 1: The question was did I consult with any developmental psychologists 410 00:23:16,040 --> 00:23:19,720 Speaker 1: or teachers? I did have. Um, the editor had a 411 00:23:20,440 --> 00:23:23,240 Speaker 1: he he runs a social studies department at a school district, 412 00:23:23,800 --> 00:23:25,720 Speaker 1: and and he's one of the ones who like uses 413 00:23:25,760 --> 00:23:27,760 Speaker 1: the book. He really loves it. I don't believe a 414 00:23:27,800 --> 00:23:32,080 Speaker 1: developmental psychologist was involved in any way. And Uh, And 415 00:23:32,119 --> 00:23:34,760 Speaker 1: maybe that was a mistake on someone's part, but I 416 00:23:34,800 --> 00:23:40,120 Speaker 1: don't know, um, I mean like getting letters from scarred children. Yeah, well, 417 00:23:40,160 --> 00:23:41,560 Speaker 1: I mean the thing is is like when I I 418 00:23:41,920 --> 00:23:45,040 Speaker 1: think about going back to when I was like eight 419 00:23:45,680 --> 00:23:48,840 Speaker 1: and ten and twelve, and there are things that my 420 00:23:48,960 --> 00:23:51,639 Speaker 1: parents and and and everyone in my generation like we 421 00:23:51,680 --> 00:23:54,080 Speaker 1: got away with with watching or seeing, like when I 422 00:23:54,119 --> 00:23:57,280 Speaker 1: was like seven and eight, Like nobody batted an eyelash 423 00:23:57,320 --> 00:24:03,960 Speaker 1: at me, throwing RoboCop on, you know, and RoboCop Um. 424 00:24:04,160 --> 00:24:06,719 Speaker 1: RoboCop is something like I wouldn't show my kids right 425 00:24:06,800 --> 00:24:09,920 Speaker 1: now and my kids now, I mean Scout Um. When 426 00:24:09,920 --> 00:24:12,199 Speaker 1: we started, Scout was eight, she's twelve now, and I 427 00:24:12,240 --> 00:24:15,399 Speaker 1: still wouldn't be like Scout, let's watch RoboCop Like it 428 00:24:15,400 --> 00:24:19,760 Speaker 1: wouldn't happen. Like I think kids, um are more resilient 429 00:24:19,880 --> 00:24:22,399 Speaker 1: than we give them credit for, just personally, because I 430 00:24:22,480 --> 00:24:24,520 Speaker 1: was more resilient because I was exposed to like all 431 00:24:24,600 --> 00:24:28,480 Speaker 1: kinds of horrible things in movies like RoboCop Um. I 432 00:24:28,480 --> 00:24:31,800 Speaker 1: don't know why I'm focusing on RoboCop extremely there's like 433 00:24:31,880 --> 00:24:35,000 Speaker 1: a weird Peter Weller situation brewing. Yeah. My mother, on 434 00:24:35,000 --> 00:24:37,159 Speaker 1: the other hand, had huge problems with violence, so there 435 00:24:37,200 --> 00:24:39,040 Speaker 1: was no RoboCop in my world until I was a 436 00:24:39,040 --> 00:24:41,760 Speaker 1: grown up, and I was shocked at how much just 437 00:24:41,920 --> 00:24:46,040 Speaker 1: shooting people repeatedly in the Chester. Yeah, like ED two 438 00:24:46,040 --> 00:24:49,040 Speaker 1: o nine is is pretty striking to a kid. Oh No, 439 00:24:49,240 --> 00:24:52,960 Speaker 1: I was deep into. I mean, I love violence. I 440 00:24:53,000 --> 00:24:56,040 Speaker 1: love violence to this day, which is funny because I 441 00:24:56,160 --> 00:24:59,600 Speaker 1: myself and like the least violent person ever. So whatever 442 00:24:59,640 --> 00:25:04,359 Speaker 1: study correlate those two things, I'm clearly outside of. But uh, 443 00:25:04,520 --> 00:25:08,080 Speaker 1: but as an entertainment tool, I think it's um. But 444 00:25:08,080 --> 00:25:11,159 Speaker 1: but I think it was important to me, and I 445 00:25:11,160 --> 00:25:15,400 Speaker 1: think important to some of the Social Studies department director 446 00:25:15,480 --> 00:25:18,360 Speaker 1: that that I kind of went through the book with that. 447 00:25:19,200 --> 00:25:21,440 Speaker 1: I think it's important not to sugarcoat stuff for kids, 448 00:25:21,560 --> 00:25:25,719 Speaker 1: especially stuff that actually happened. Um. And sometimes you might 449 00:25:25,760 --> 00:25:27,240 Speaker 1: want to delay it to figure out how you're gonna 450 00:25:27,280 --> 00:25:31,360 Speaker 1: have the conversation. Like I really really wish um. I 451 00:25:31,440 --> 00:25:34,360 Speaker 1: was driving my kids to school the day the news 452 00:25:34,400 --> 00:25:36,639 Speaker 1: about Sandy Hook happened and we were like listening on 453 00:25:36,800 --> 00:25:40,040 Speaker 1: NPR and it was like not okay for the kids, 454 00:25:40,040 --> 00:25:41,440 Speaker 1: and I was like, I wish I would have had 455 00:25:41,480 --> 00:25:43,119 Speaker 1: like a buffer of time to figure out how we 456 00:25:43,160 --> 00:25:45,199 Speaker 1: would talk about it instead of like all of us 457 00:25:45,240 --> 00:25:49,679 Speaker 1: just bawling in the car. Um So, so this was 458 00:25:49,760 --> 00:25:51,840 Speaker 1: me able to figure that out. And I think the 459 00:25:52,119 --> 00:25:55,840 Speaker 1: social studies teacher that I work with, um, he sort 460 00:25:55,840 --> 00:25:59,159 Speaker 1: of agreed. Um. And maybe that was just a confirmation 461 00:25:59,160 --> 00:26:01,080 Speaker 1: by us. I was just looking for somebody that would 462 00:26:01,080 --> 00:26:03,520 Speaker 1: sign off and be like, yeah, thumbs up, the educator approved. 463 00:26:03,640 --> 00:26:07,679 Speaker 1: But um but I I think I was on the 464 00:26:07,800 --> 00:26:10,919 Speaker 1: right track, and the teachers I've heard from have agreed 465 00:26:10,960 --> 00:26:13,760 Speaker 1: with me. But I I haven't received any like really 466 00:26:13,760 --> 00:26:16,040 Speaker 1: bad hate mail yet from somebody going like I can't 467 00:26:16,040 --> 00:26:19,439 Speaker 1: believe you. You know. The only hate mail I have 468 00:26:19,520 --> 00:26:21,800 Speaker 1: God is people who haven't read the book that see 469 00:26:21,840 --> 00:26:25,359 Speaker 1: the title and say, how dare you like try to 470 00:26:25,720 --> 00:26:28,119 Speaker 1: bring this to children, And it's like, don't give it 471 00:26:28,160 --> 00:26:29,879 Speaker 1: to them if you don't feel like your kid is 472 00:26:29,920 --> 00:26:32,600 Speaker 1: able to handle it. I think that's very important. Like 473 00:26:32,680 --> 00:26:37,120 Speaker 1: my kids are really um weird kids that are sort 474 00:26:37,119 --> 00:26:40,320 Speaker 1: of like cultivated with my sense of like academia and 475 00:26:40,359 --> 00:26:44,240 Speaker 1: culture and things like that. Um So, Like Scout is 476 00:26:44,280 --> 00:26:46,879 Speaker 1: also super into like Charlie Chaplin films, which is something 477 00:26:47,000 --> 00:26:50,080 Speaker 1: that none of her friends can relate to whatsoever. And 478 00:26:50,160 --> 00:26:52,440 Speaker 1: she's also super into like the Three Stooges, and it's 479 00:26:52,480 --> 00:26:54,480 Speaker 1: like she's twelve, Like why would she know about the 480 00:26:54,480 --> 00:26:56,520 Speaker 1: Three Stooges. So like, my kids are like a special case. 481 00:26:56,560 --> 00:26:59,080 Speaker 1: And I wrote this for kids like my kids, and 482 00:26:59,119 --> 00:27:02,359 Speaker 1: there's tons of them out there. Um. But it really 483 00:27:02,359 --> 00:27:05,320 Speaker 1: does come come down to I think like, can that kid, 484 00:27:05,600 --> 00:27:09,600 Speaker 1: particular kid handle it. I don't know everybody's kids, um, 485 00:27:09,600 --> 00:27:13,000 Speaker 1: but you know your kids. So if you think your 486 00:27:13,040 --> 00:27:15,000 Speaker 1: kid can handle it or would be interested by it 487 00:27:15,160 --> 00:27:18,320 Speaker 1: or um, you know I I one of the things 488 00:27:18,320 --> 00:27:19,919 Speaker 1: I do hear from kids is that like they just 489 00:27:20,119 --> 00:27:24,040 Speaker 1: are from parents really, Like kids don't email me really, UM, 490 00:27:24,080 --> 00:27:26,680 Speaker 1: I hear like second hand reports from parents and the 491 00:27:26,720 --> 00:27:28,440 Speaker 1: parents are just like they just love it. They want 492 00:27:28,440 --> 00:27:31,359 Speaker 1: to keep putting it together, um, and keep reading it 493 00:27:31,440 --> 00:27:33,639 Speaker 1: because the stories are just fascinating. And the fact that 494 00:27:33,680 --> 00:27:36,080 Speaker 1: they're using it as that gave way to history. I 495 00:27:36,119 --> 00:27:41,879 Speaker 1: don't see how that can be bad. So before we 496 00:27:41,920 --> 00:27:45,080 Speaker 1: get back into it, this is the one question that 497 00:27:45,119 --> 00:27:47,399 Speaker 1: we forgot to repeat for the audience. So the question 498 00:27:47,440 --> 00:27:50,439 Speaker 1: that Brian is about to answer is how the gender 499 00:27:50,520 --> 00:27:53,359 Speaker 1: ratio breaks down in terms of who was attempting to 500 00:27:53,440 --> 00:27:59,800 Speaker 1: assassinate presidents? I think there are only two to try 501 00:27:59,880 --> 00:28:04,720 Speaker 1: to killer president and it was both gerald Ford. Um. Yeah, 502 00:28:06,040 --> 00:28:07,640 Speaker 1: so I don't know what was in like the water 503 00:28:07,720 --> 00:28:12,000 Speaker 1: in the seventies or something, but like really I don't know, 504 00:28:14,000 --> 00:28:19,240 Speaker 1: fair enough, Um, but it was only those two. Um, 505 00:28:19,320 --> 00:28:22,600 Speaker 1: And I have no idea why. I don't know. Maybe 506 00:28:22,720 --> 00:28:27,440 Speaker 1: maybe men are deserve the crazy reputation way more because 507 00:28:27,480 --> 00:28:31,480 Speaker 1: it bears that out at least on the presidential assassination level. Yeah, 508 00:28:31,520 --> 00:28:35,880 Speaker 1: that's that's overwhelmingly Yeah. No, I I honestly think going 509 00:28:35,880 --> 00:28:38,200 Speaker 1: back and thinking about it's just those two And it 510 00:28:38,320 --> 00:28:42,880 Speaker 1: was within like two weeks with like Gerald Ford in California. 511 00:28:43,080 --> 00:28:46,600 Speaker 1: In California, it's a pretty specific data set. Women in 512 00:28:46,680 --> 00:28:51,280 Speaker 1: California did not like Gerald Ford for reasons that we're 513 00:28:51,600 --> 00:28:56,920 Speaker 1: kind of delusional. Yeah, yeah, so I yeah, that's the right. 514 00:28:57,000 --> 00:29:04,600 Speaker 1: I hope that answers your question. Yes, Oh, I'm gonna 515 00:29:05,080 --> 00:29:06,920 Speaker 1: we need to have another live show and have sab 516 00:29:07,000 --> 00:29:09,680 Speaker 1: Bones on with us. So the question, the question, Holly, 517 00:29:09,800 --> 00:29:17,200 Speaker 1: was what's a nutritive enema? So here's the thing. Here's 518 00:29:17,200 --> 00:29:19,800 Speaker 1: how I found out about them was when you guys 519 00:29:19,840 --> 00:29:21,480 Speaker 1: may have seen this, it was a couple of years ago, 520 00:29:21,720 --> 00:29:23,360 Speaker 1: was it a couple of years ago, there was like 521 00:29:23,600 --> 00:29:27,040 Speaker 1: a series of news reports going around about college students 522 00:29:28,000 --> 00:29:31,440 Speaker 1: doing alcohol enemas because they could absorb it faster. It 523 00:29:31,520 --> 00:29:34,800 Speaker 1: bypasses your liver like you're off like a rocket instantly. 524 00:29:35,120 --> 00:29:37,240 Speaker 1: And someone I think we were talking about it in 525 00:29:37,240 --> 00:29:39,880 Speaker 1: a brainstorm at work and someone said something like, well, 526 00:29:40,000 --> 00:29:43,880 Speaker 1: you can do that with food too, and I was like, whoa, 527 00:29:45,040 --> 00:29:46,920 Speaker 1: And then it came up in your books. So basically 528 00:29:47,000 --> 00:29:50,320 Speaker 1: it's the same thing. You're basically doing like a sluice 529 00:29:50,480 --> 00:29:54,680 Speaker 1: of blended food stuffs and your colon absorbs the nutrients 530 00:29:54,800 --> 00:29:57,920 Speaker 1: very quickly, so that you're getting nutrition when you can't 531 00:29:57,920 --> 00:30:00,680 Speaker 1: actually eat and digest. Was that clean enough and not 532 00:30:00,720 --> 00:30:04,480 Speaker 1: too gross? I don't it. It was very scientific on 533 00:30:04,560 --> 00:30:09,400 Speaker 1: my part. People also used to do this with tobacco there. 534 00:30:10,880 --> 00:30:13,800 Speaker 1: I learned that from saw bones. That was sometimes of bones, 535 00:30:13,960 --> 00:30:16,640 Speaker 1: just pick that up. It was sometimes a medicinal treatment. 536 00:30:17,080 --> 00:30:22,240 Speaker 1: People like to you know, those things in their butts. 537 00:30:24,240 --> 00:30:27,440 Speaker 1: It's just like coffee. Animals and what of our upcoming 538 00:30:27,480 --> 00:30:29,800 Speaker 1: Halloween episodes, we talked about a lady that was giving 539 00:30:29,840 --> 00:30:33,000 Speaker 1: people lots of animals that took outs, and that was 540 00:30:33,040 --> 00:30:40,360 Speaker 1: not my research. The animals gross part, I'm really glading 541 00:30:40,360 --> 00:30:51,520 Speaker 1: you to. Yeah, nutritive animals. I can't believe that felt 542 00:30:51,520 --> 00:30:54,840 Speaker 1: to me to explain it, but it seems it also 543 00:30:54,880 --> 00:30:57,480 Speaker 1: seems like kind of a weird high note to take 544 00:30:57,520 --> 00:31:02,000 Speaker 1: out the podcast on. It was also the last of 545 00:31:02,040 --> 00:31:05,480 Speaker 1: the questions that we had about presidential assassinations, and from 546 00:31:05,520 --> 00:31:08,560 Speaker 1: here it did diverge into more general things about the 547 00:31:08,560 --> 00:31:12,000 Speaker 1: podcast and various other topics. Also, I wanted to note 548 00:31:12,040 --> 00:31:15,240 Speaker 1: that the podcast we talked about in this answer is 549 00:31:15,280 --> 00:31:18,760 Speaker 1: the one about Linda Hazard and Starvation Heights, which, since 550 00:31:18,800 --> 00:31:21,520 Speaker 1: we are time traveling a little bit with this uh 551 00:31:21,560 --> 00:31:24,160 Speaker 1: with this live show podcast, that one was out already. 552 00:31:24,360 --> 00:31:26,560 Speaker 1: If you heard that and went multi hour animals, I 553 00:31:26,560 --> 00:31:31,320 Speaker 1: want to listen to that episode. So we have so 554 00:31:31,360 --> 00:31:34,280 Speaker 1: many people to think New York Comic Con, New York 555 00:31:34,320 --> 00:31:38,240 Speaker 1: super Week, Matt who coordinated so many things for us 556 00:31:38,240 --> 00:31:42,800 Speaker 1: and his entire team was just spectacular. We also want 557 00:31:42,800 --> 00:31:45,160 Speaker 1: to thank the folks at the Domina Center for Classical 558 00:31:45,240 --> 00:31:47,600 Speaker 1: Music that worked out to be a great venue for us. 559 00:31:47,960 --> 00:31:49,920 Speaker 1: It was absolutely beautiful. And then we have to thank 560 00:31:49,960 --> 00:31:54,120 Speaker 1: You're amazing and wondrous fiancee. Yeah, so we gotta thank Patrick. 561 00:31:54,160 --> 00:31:56,200 Speaker 1: I didn't thank Patrick at the time because I kind 562 00:31:56,200 --> 00:31:58,360 Speaker 1: of I did not want two hundred people to turn 563 00:31:58,360 --> 00:32:02,640 Speaker 1: and look at because it seems a little embarrassing sometimes 564 00:32:02,640 --> 00:32:05,560 Speaker 1: to be put on the spot. Uh. We basically got 565 00:32:05,600 --> 00:32:07,640 Speaker 1: to the venue and we're like, we don't know what 566 00:32:07,680 --> 00:32:10,000 Speaker 1: we want to do with the chairs, and he stepped 567 00:32:10,000 --> 00:32:12,840 Speaker 1: in and essentially stage managed the whole show for us. Yeah, 568 00:32:12,920 --> 00:32:16,760 Speaker 1: he was great. My beloved took some fun pictures and 569 00:32:16,880 --> 00:32:20,200 Speaker 1: video for us, and in fact, Brian Young ended up 570 00:32:20,240 --> 00:32:23,040 Speaker 1: thankfully recording it for us because we had a little 571 00:32:23,040 --> 00:32:25,440 Speaker 1: confusion about how we were going to record the show. 572 00:32:26,240 --> 00:32:29,840 Speaker 1: The Brian's and the Patrick like saved our bacons. Thank 573 00:32:29,880 --> 00:32:33,280 Speaker 1: you to all of them. But most importantly, our audience 574 00:32:33,480 --> 00:32:37,640 Speaker 1: was amazing. They were fantastic. Thank you so much everyone 575 00:32:37,680 --> 00:32:39,720 Speaker 1: who came out. We cannot tell you how much we 576 00:32:39,760 --> 00:32:41,880 Speaker 1: appreciate it and how much we loved getting to see 577 00:32:41,920 --> 00:32:44,920 Speaker 1: you and getting to meet you and just kind of 578 00:32:44,960 --> 00:32:48,280 Speaker 1: have that wonderful evening together. It was absolutely spectacular fun 579 00:32:48,360 --> 00:32:50,720 Speaker 1: for both of us. So thank you, thank you, thank you, 580 00:32:51,560 --> 00:32:53,880 Speaker 1: and yes we do hope to do it again. Yes, 581 00:32:53,960 --> 00:32:55,560 Speaker 1: I would do that all the time if I had 582 00:32:55,600 --> 00:32:59,000 Speaker 1: the opportunity every time we were promoting it, and that 583 00:32:59,200 --> 00:33:02,280 Speaker 1: usually the first comment anytime we promoted it would be 584 00:33:02,400 --> 00:33:05,240 Speaker 1: come to and then the place where that comment are lived, 585 00:33:05,760 --> 00:33:07,760 Speaker 1: and you and I kept being like, just let us 586 00:33:07,800 --> 00:33:10,800 Speaker 1: get through this one first, and then I mean, it 587 00:33:10,840 --> 00:33:13,360 Speaker 1: went so much better than we had any right to 588 00:33:13,440 --> 00:33:15,440 Speaker 1: hope that it would. So yes, we hope to do 589 00:33:15,480 --> 00:33:19,000 Speaker 1: it again, maybe somewhere near you. I also have some 590 00:33:19,120 --> 00:33:23,600 Speaker 1: listener mail, So my listener mail is from Jenna. It 591 00:33:23,680 --> 00:33:27,560 Speaker 1: is about our redlining episodes, which were not the happier 592 00:33:27,600 --> 00:33:30,120 Speaker 1: episodes we've ever done. But this listener mail is actually 593 00:33:30,120 --> 00:33:32,280 Speaker 1: pretty positive, so I wanted to make sure to read it, 594 00:33:32,320 --> 00:33:35,200 Speaker 1: and so Jenna says, Hello, Holly and Tracy. I have 595 00:33:35,280 --> 00:33:37,560 Speaker 1: been enjoying the podcast for about a year and a 596 00:33:37,640 --> 00:33:40,080 Speaker 1: half now, thanks to my now husband introducing it to 597 00:33:40,120 --> 00:33:43,120 Speaker 1: me on our first road trip together. I live in Fargo, 598 00:33:43,200 --> 00:33:45,360 Speaker 1: but have family and France in Chicago, so we're on 599 00:33:45,400 --> 00:33:48,280 Speaker 1: the road fairly often. I'll even stop listening to new 600 00:33:48,320 --> 00:33:50,240 Speaker 1: episodes for a few weeks before a trip so we 601 00:33:50,280 --> 00:33:52,520 Speaker 1: have enough new material to keep us company while we 602 00:33:52,520 --> 00:33:55,280 Speaker 1: travel back and forth. I was really excited to have 603 00:33:55,320 --> 00:33:59,000 Speaker 1: a tidbit of knowledge about how in one Chicago neighborhood, 604 00:33:59,080 --> 00:34:02,560 Speaker 1: redlining was very strongly defeated by a group of mostly 605 00:34:02,560 --> 00:34:06,120 Speaker 1: white residents. The Chicago NPR station did a story on 606 00:34:06,200 --> 00:34:09,400 Speaker 1: their Curious City show about how in the Beverly neighborhood 607 00:34:09,640 --> 00:34:12,800 Speaker 1: down on the far South Side, they're mostly white residents 608 00:34:12,840 --> 00:34:16,640 Speaker 1: worked hard to ensure that integration would happen in their neighborhood, 609 00:34:16,960 --> 00:34:18,640 Speaker 1: and she gives a link to that episode, which we 610 00:34:18,680 --> 00:34:21,400 Speaker 1: will put in our show notes. Currently, I serve as 611 00:34:21,400 --> 00:34:24,160 Speaker 1: a pastor and it was during my time in seminary 612 00:34:24,239 --> 00:34:26,400 Speaker 1: that I had a teaching field ed site, and it 613 00:34:26,440 --> 00:34:30,080 Speaker 1: was in Beverly. My denomination is largely white, and even 614 00:34:30,080 --> 00:34:33,920 Speaker 1: in Chicago, the churches are often homogeneous. While my teaching 615 00:34:34,000 --> 00:34:36,760 Speaker 1: church was was still mostly white, it was more diverse 616 00:34:36,840 --> 00:34:38,440 Speaker 1: than I had thought it would be. And I am 617 00:34:38,480 --> 00:34:42,000 Speaker 1: extremely grateful to those who worked to integrate the Beverly neighborhood. 618 00:34:42,560 --> 00:34:45,319 Speaker 1: Thank you for your no nonsense approach to issues of race, 619 00:34:45,640 --> 00:34:49,160 Speaker 1: the inequality of those who identify within the lgbt q 620 00:34:49,400 --> 00:34:53,600 Speaker 1: I A plus community, and the many wonderful women in history. 621 00:34:53,719 --> 00:34:56,000 Speaker 1: It gives me so much hope and joy to hear 622 00:34:56,040 --> 00:34:58,879 Speaker 1: your unapologetic take on listener feedback that all too often 623 00:34:58,960 --> 00:35:04,279 Speaker 1: comes from place of Miss Botney, racism, homophobia or xenophobia, etcetera. 624 00:35:04,840 --> 00:35:06,959 Speaker 1: And then she she adds a little note, a little 625 00:35:07,000 --> 00:35:09,600 Speaker 1: asterisk from when she mentioned being from Fargo, saying that 626 00:35:09,719 --> 00:35:12,760 Speaker 1: almost everyone U put upon hearing this first asked about 627 00:35:12,760 --> 00:35:15,200 Speaker 1: the movie or TV show, neither of which actually tastes 628 00:35:15,280 --> 00:35:18,080 Speaker 1: place in Fargo, even though the State Welcome Center with 629 00:35:18,120 --> 00:35:20,080 Speaker 1: the wood Chipper is down the street from their home. 630 00:35:20,520 --> 00:35:24,120 Speaker 1: So thank you so much. Thank you so much, Jenna 631 00:35:24,160 --> 00:35:26,279 Speaker 1: for writing in with us. We have a couple of 632 00:35:26,400 --> 00:35:30,239 Speaker 1: emails about Chicago specifically and steps that the city of 633 00:35:30,320 --> 00:35:33,360 Speaker 1: Chicago took to try to prevent white flight into the 634 00:35:33,360 --> 00:35:36,160 Speaker 1: suburbs and to try to keep its neighborhoods more integrated, 635 00:35:36,239 --> 00:35:39,680 Speaker 1: and some comparisons to Chicago and other cities in the 636 00:35:39,719 --> 00:35:42,640 Speaker 1: Midwest and how they have fared since then, and whether 637 00:35:42,719 --> 00:35:45,400 Speaker 1: that uh, some of that credit lies with the fact 638 00:35:45,440 --> 00:35:48,200 Speaker 1: that the city is more integrated than some other places. 639 00:35:48,520 --> 00:35:50,360 Speaker 1: So thank you so much, Jenna. I will put a 640 00:35:50,400 --> 00:35:53,279 Speaker 1: note to that story in our show notes. If you 641 00:35:53,280 --> 00:35:55,359 Speaker 1: would like to write to us about this or any 642 00:35:55,360 --> 00:35:58,479 Speaker 1: other podcast where History podcast at how Stuffworks dot com. 643 00:35:58,560 --> 00:36:00,920 Speaker 1: We're also on Facebook at face book dot com slash 644 00:36:00,960 --> 00:36:03,200 Speaker 1: miss in history and on Twitter at miss in History. 645 00:36:03,600 --> 00:36:05,879 Speaker 1: Are Tumbler is missed in History dot tumbler dot com, 646 00:36:05,880 --> 00:36:08,600 Speaker 1: and we're on Pinterest at pentriest dot com slash missed 647 00:36:08,600 --> 00:36:11,840 Speaker 1: in History. You can come to our parent companies website, 648 00:36:11,840 --> 00:36:13,879 Speaker 1: which is how stuff works dot com. You can put 649 00:36:14,280 --> 00:36:16,840 Speaker 1: residential assassinations in the search bar and you will find 650 00:36:17,280 --> 00:36:20,960 Speaker 1: various things about various attempts through history. You can come 651 00:36:21,000 --> 00:36:23,239 Speaker 1: to our website, which is missed in History dot com, 652 00:36:23,239 --> 00:36:26,000 Speaker 1: and you will find an archive of every episode we 653 00:36:26,040 --> 00:36:28,360 Speaker 1: have ever done and show notes for all of the 654 00:36:28,400 --> 00:36:31,440 Speaker 1: episodes Holly and I have worked on. So you can 655 00:36:31,480 --> 00:36:33,279 Speaker 1: do all that and a whole lot more at how 656 00:36:33,320 --> 00:36:40,680 Speaker 1: stuff works dot com or missed in History dot com 657 00:36:40,719 --> 00:36:43,120 Speaker 1: for more on this and thousands of other topics, does 658 00:36:43,160 --> 00:36:56,560 Speaker 1: it how stuff works dot com