WEBVTT - Selects: How Auto-Tune Works 0:00:00.080 --> 0:00:03.720 M Hey, everybody, it's your old pal Josh. And for 0:00:03.800 --> 0:00:06.360 this week's S Y s K Selects, I've chosen How 0:00:06.400 --> 0:00:09.799 Auto Tune Works came out in August of two thousand fifteen, 0:00:09.800 --> 0:00:12.440 and it's one of my under the radar favorites because 0:00:12.440 --> 0:00:14.920 it looks at something that's worked its way into every 0:00:14.920 --> 0:00:18.200 crevice of popular culture, but that none of us really 0:00:18.239 --> 0:00:20.759 has any idea about how it works or where it 0:00:20.840 --> 0:00:24.439 came from. And this episode is a special listener Male 0:00:24.600 --> 0:00:28.319 roundtable with us and Holly and Tracy from Stuff You 0:00:28.320 --> 0:00:32.040 Missed in History Class all about sexism. It's super interesting 0:00:32.320 --> 0:00:34.280 and really kind of out of left field after the 0:00:34.320 --> 0:00:37.239 Auto Tune episode, so it's a nice combination and I 0:00:37.280 --> 0:00:44.720 hope you enjoy it. Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, 0:00:44.920 --> 0:00:53.360 a production of My Heart Radios How Stuff Works. Hey, 0:00:53.400 --> 0:00:56.720 and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark, There's Charles 0:00:56.840 --> 0:01:01.760 W Chuck Bryant, There's Jerry And this is Stuff you 0:01:01.800 --> 0:01:07.280 Should Know. That was great? Thanks man. Do I sound 0:01:07.319 --> 0:01:10.839 like Share? Do you sound like T pay T, Josh 0:01:11.000 --> 0:01:14.600 T Josh or Snoop Dogg? Does he do auto tune? 0:01:15.280 --> 0:01:18.080 He factors into this big time later on Oh Well, 0:01:18.600 --> 0:01:20.800 I don't even know about that, so I've got something 0:01:20.840 --> 0:01:25.759 of my sleeve. This is kind of fun. I don't 0:01:25.760 --> 0:01:27.920 know how much we're gonna do that because people are 0:01:27.920 --> 0:01:32.600 probably like, stop it right now. Oh, chuck, I think 0:01:32.640 --> 0:01:37.160 we should do it a lot. Are you done? Yeah, 0:01:37.200 --> 0:01:41.720 I'm done? All right? Um, we could have just auto 0:01:41.760 --> 0:01:45.039 tuned this whole thing. Yeah, you know, maybe we should. 0:01:45.080 --> 0:01:47.400 Maybe we should maybe from this moment fore, we should 0:01:47.440 --> 0:01:50.400 just auto tune the rest of the episode starting now. 0:01:50.680 --> 0:01:56.760 Let's sabotage our careers. Uh, you got an intro for 0:01:56.800 --> 0:01:59.320 this fancy intro. I think we just did it, buddy. 0:01:59.440 --> 0:02:01.960 Okay up, let's get in the way back machine then, 0:02:02.000 --> 0:02:03.800 my friend, Okay, we don't have to go back that 0:02:03.840 --> 0:02:05.400 far because I know where we're going. It's gonna be 0:02:05.400 --> 0:02:17.919 a short trip. Let's go back to Oh summer Boom. 0:02:18.440 --> 0:02:20.399 I'm you and I are in the club. We're hanging out. 0:02:20.480 --> 0:02:22.840 We're drinking rum and coke. You can find us in 0:02:22.880 --> 0:02:26.720 the club and uh, we're we're dancing. We're getting down 0:02:26.800 --> 0:02:30.600 and grooving too. Uh. To share his latest jam, Believe 0:02:31.040 --> 0:02:34.880 Believe It's a hot jam, A hot, hot, hot jam 0:02:34.919 --> 0:02:37.600 that's released in the summer it's summertime. As you can tell, 0:02:37.960 --> 0:02:39.640 it's hot in the club, cheat, and I've got on 0:02:39.720 --> 0:02:43.000 my my my short pants, I'm dressed like I'm out 0:02:43.040 --> 0:02:45.320 for a night at the rocks. Beary, that's right, I'm 0:02:45.320 --> 0:02:50.280 wearing a cross shirt, so I've noticed. Actually, how did 0:02:50.360 --> 0:02:52.760 you not? Well? Yeah, the third nipple really stands out. 0:02:55.520 --> 0:02:58.120 So we're in the club, we're jamming and share his 0:02:58.200 --> 0:03:01.639 song is on, and uh, something happens at about thirty 0:03:01.639 --> 0:03:03.960 five seconds into the song, and you and I are 0:03:04.080 --> 0:03:07.600 just like, whoa daddy? Did you just hear that? It 0:03:07.720 --> 0:03:10.200 changes everything? It changed the whole tone of the club, 0:03:10.280 --> 0:03:13.320 Like the club was like okay, and now it's banging 0:03:15.560 --> 0:03:20.160 because of a little something called auto tune. Uh what 0:03:20.280 --> 0:03:25.640 sounded like a little electronic glitch. Was very purposeful, and 0:03:25.720 --> 0:03:28.680 it was the first time the auto tune had been 0:03:28.800 --> 0:03:32.760 used in this way. So what, Josh is auto tune? 0:03:34.120 --> 0:03:37.520 That was quite a setup. Uh, can we do the 0:03:37.560 --> 0:03:40.240 rest of the episode in the club? Yeah? Why not? Okay, 0:03:40.320 --> 0:03:44.800 just keep those rum and coats coming, Okay, that's cool. Um, 0:03:44.880 --> 0:03:48.360 So Chuck, let me let me stop you for a second. Right, 0:03:48.800 --> 0:03:50.960 because the way you described it, you made it sound 0:03:51.000 --> 0:03:54.200 like everybody was like, oh, Shure just used auto tune. No, no, 0:03:55.360 --> 0:04:00.120 everybody said, what was that? That was awesome, although some 0:04:00.160 --> 0:04:02.520 people were like, what was that? Don't ever do that again, 0:04:03.160 --> 0:04:06.280 But most people were like, wow, Share just released her 0:04:06.280 --> 0:04:08.200 biggest hit of her entire career, and it was a 0:04:08.200 --> 0:04:11.600 pretty long career. She just came back like that just 0:04:11.720 --> 0:04:15.040 established her comeback was this track, and it actually became 0:04:15.080 --> 0:04:18.360 one of the greatest best selling singles of all time. Yeah, 0:04:18.360 --> 0:04:20.440 and I think, I mean, it would have been a 0:04:20.880 --> 0:04:24.520 probably a big song anyway, but I think most definitely 0:04:24.560 --> 0:04:27.279 Auto Tune kicked it into the stratagy gave it just 0:04:27.360 --> 0:04:31.000 the extra something. It became part of the talking but 0:04:31.000 --> 0:04:33.600 everyone was talking about it. So everybody went to her 0:04:33.640 --> 0:04:37.120 producer and said, dude, how did you do that? We 0:04:37.160 --> 0:04:40.640 want to know how to do that? And he was like, vocoder. Yeah. 0:04:40.640 --> 0:04:43.880 He lied. He lied, He lied big time. He lied 0:04:43.960 --> 0:04:48.520 in person to other producers, he lied in interviews, he lied, lied, 0:04:48.600 --> 0:04:52.320 lied about how he made that track because he wanted 0:04:52.360 --> 0:04:55.359 to keep it to himself because it was so huge, 0:04:55.400 --> 0:04:58.440 and it became so huge Chuck that at first Auto 0:04:58.480 --> 0:05:02.320 Tune was called the Sheriffect. Even the company that produced 0:05:02.839 --> 0:05:06.080 auto Tune, and Terry's which we'll talk about in a minute, 0:05:06.640 --> 0:05:09.720 called it in their instructional book, the share Effect. They 0:05:09.760 --> 0:05:12.440 probably still do, don't. They don't mention it any longer, 0:05:12.920 --> 0:05:16.760 yea um. But the so it was, it was a 0:05:16.839 --> 0:05:19.120 huge deal, and this guy lied and kept it under 0:05:19.160 --> 0:05:22.200 wraps and for many years it was very mysterious. Yeah, 0:05:22.240 --> 0:05:24.480 let's actually if you live under a rock, well, let's 0:05:24.520 --> 0:05:27.360 go ahead and play that clip of the very first 0:05:27.720 --> 0:05:30.800 thirty five seconds into that song where shaf says I 0:05:30.839 --> 0:05:42.039 can't break through. There's no yeah right there, boom right there. 0:05:42.480 --> 0:05:46.800 Music changed from that point forward. Okay, so what what 0:05:46.839 --> 0:05:51.600 this guy, what her producer was saying was vocoder. Vocoder 0:05:51.760 --> 0:05:53.440 is something that's been around for a very long time. 0:05:53.480 --> 0:05:57.400 If you've ever listened to any Pete Frampton, Peter Frampton, anythings, 0:05:58.120 --> 0:06:01.520 do you feel like we do that whole long guitar 0:06:01.600 --> 0:06:05.440 solo or whatever, he's breathing into a tube connected to 0:06:05.520 --> 0:06:09.920 his guitar, which is electrifying his voice. Vote coder had 0:06:09.920 --> 0:06:13.200 been around for a very long time, but there's different 0:06:13.240 --> 0:06:16.240 ways of doing it that That was definitely the tube 0:06:16.400 --> 0:06:20.000 effect through the guitar, but you can also just use 0:06:20.040 --> 0:06:22.760 it to you know, make your voice robotic like Beck 0:06:23.680 --> 0:06:27.720 to turntables in a microphone or Mr Roboto with sticks, 0:06:29.040 --> 0:06:31.400 but all different ways to use it. This thing, this 0:06:31.520 --> 0:06:34.680 sounded different to share effect. It was a little different, sure, 0:06:35.320 --> 0:06:37.400 And I wonder how this guy talked his way out 0:06:37.440 --> 0:06:41.640 of like Yeah, I mean like if if if a 0:06:41.720 --> 0:06:43.680 producer was like, okay, well show me how you did 0:06:43.680 --> 0:06:46.760 it on vote coder, if he was like over here 0:06:46.839 --> 0:06:48.719 and then just like ran out of the room. I don't. 0:06:48.760 --> 0:06:50.440 I don't think he talked out of it. I think 0:06:50.480 --> 0:06:53.080 he was just another line music producer and he was 0:06:53.120 --> 0:06:58.440 just like okay, well busted. Okay. So um, Apparently along 0:06:58.480 --> 0:07:02.520 the way people figure gured out here there what this 0:07:02.560 --> 0:07:07.640 guy did believe, and they started using it themselves, but 0:07:07.760 --> 0:07:13.600 very very sparsely. Alright, So, Josh, what is auto tune? Alright, 0:07:13.640 --> 0:07:16.280 I'll answer your question because I'm gonna keep asking it. 0:07:16.440 --> 0:07:20.960 All right, So auto tune is a plug in originally 0:07:21.200 --> 0:07:26.960 released in for the audio editing software pro Tools. Yeah, 0:07:27.000 --> 0:07:31.680 it's a software piece that allows you and the original 0:07:31.960 --> 0:07:35.520 um intent and how it's still mostly used is to 0:07:36.200 --> 0:07:40.840 pitch correct um singer's voice. Right, So when you when 0:07:40.840 --> 0:07:43.080 you or I go into the studio to record those 0:07:43.120 --> 0:07:47.040 albums that will never release, but we just record for fun. Um. 0:07:47.080 --> 0:07:49.160 We hit flat notes here there, Oh, not me a 0:07:49.240 --> 0:07:53.240 perfect pitch. I hit flat notes here there perfect um, 0:07:53.280 --> 0:07:56.480 and everybody does. It's a normal thing, sure for most 0:07:56.560 --> 0:08:02.560 of eternity. UM music producers would say, blue Eyes chairman, 0:08:03.160 --> 0:08:05.440 I need another take. That was a great take, but 0:08:05.480 --> 0:08:07.320 you had a couple of flight. Now give me another 0:08:07.360 --> 0:08:10.520 take just like that one. And Frank would finish his scotch, 0:08:10.600 --> 0:08:13.320 put out a cigarette and say, you get one more, 0:08:14.520 --> 0:08:19.920 shine head. What was the Joe? Oh you didn't even 0:08:19.920 --> 0:08:23.880 see spinal tap, did you? Yeah, you finally saw it, finally, Okay, 0:08:23.920 --> 0:08:26.040 But I don't remember any Frank Sinatra. Yeah there was 0:08:26.200 --> 0:08:29.160 when Bruno Kirby is the Limo Drivers. He's talks about 0:08:29.560 --> 0:08:33.480 Sammy Davis's book, Yes I can, and he says what 0:08:33.480 --> 0:08:35.520 they should have called it is, yes I can. As 0:08:35.520 --> 0:08:37.920 long as Frank says, it's okay because Frank called the shots. 0:08:37.920 --> 0:08:41.440 For all those guys, I do remember that. Um. So 0:08:41.679 --> 0:08:44.240 Frank would sing one more take, and this could be 0:08:44.280 --> 0:08:48.320 like take twelve or fifteen or twenty, depending on like 0:08:48.520 --> 0:08:52.680 how how much how much the person was feeling at 0:08:52.720 --> 0:08:54.800 the singer was feeling it at the time, and would 0:08:54.800 --> 0:08:57.360 be happy to hang around the studio whatever was keeping 0:08:57.400 --> 0:08:59.880 the singer there at the studio. As long as that 0:09:00.080 --> 0:09:03.480 was around the singer, the singer was happy to give 0:09:03.520 --> 0:09:06.680 it one more try, one more try, right, like drugs maybe, 0:09:07.400 --> 0:09:10.000 um or if they had like a really good candy bowl, 0:09:10.679 --> 0:09:13.400 who knows, I gotta stay for the skittles. Um. So 0:09:13.880 --> 0:09:16.800 the editor then or the music producer would then take 0:09:16.840 --> 0:09:19.959 all of these different tracks and would go through and 0:09:20.080 --> 0:09:23.800 I can't imagine how awful this would be. Take the 0:09:23.840 --> 0:09:26.600 best part of this track and edited together with the 0:09:26.600 --> 0:09:29.400 best part of that track, and like we're talking like 0:09:29.520 --> 0:09:32.760 pre digital air, so like they're spicing together tape sure 0:09:33.120 --> 0:09:36.439 from what I understand, right, to get the best possible 0:09:36.600 --> 0:09:41.440 complete take piece together from many different takes. Right. So okay, 0:09:41.440 --> 0:09:45.120 that's that's what they did. All of a sudden, there's 0:09:45.120 --> 0:09:51.040 this new software that just runs through a take and says, oh, well, 0:09:51.080 --> 0:09:54.080 I see what note or what key the singers singing in, 0:09:54.400 --> 0:09:57.480 But this this particular notes just a little out, so 0:09:57.640 --> 0:10:00.680 I'm going to nudge it into the key that the 0:10:00.720 --> 0:10:03.280 singer was going for. And now all of a sudden, 0:10:03.640 --> 0:10:08.160 One take is all it takes. Yeah. I mean what 0:10:08.200 --> 0:10:10.439 it did was it cut down on studio time, which 0:10:10.480 --> 0:10:13.360 is super expensive, which was very appealing because now you 0:10:13.360 --> 0:10:17.160 could churn out songs that are more rapid rate and 0:10:17.240 --> 0:10:20.360 a cheaper rate. And uh, it was it was a 0:10:20.400 --> 0:10:23.560 little sort of a secret tool that they didn't intend 0:10:23.600 --> 0:10:25.760 to like get out to the public. I don't think 0:10:25.760 --> 0:10:28.520 they wanted everyone to know this stuff. No, it was 0:10:28.559 --> 0:10:32.080 meant for professionals. Yeah, And basically it was just it 0:10:32.160 --> 0:10:38.360 was the musical audio equivalent of cosmetics. Yeah. Doctor. It 0:10:38.400 --> 0:10:43.080 was invented by Dr Harold Andy Hilda Brand, and he 0:10:44.280 --> 0:10:47.240 likened it to make up and the New Yorker likened 0:10:47.280 --> 0:10:49.760 it to um, like getting rid of a red eye 0:10:49.800 --> 0:10:53.719 and a photograph. It was just you use it just 0:10:53.880 --> 0:10:55.720 enough so that you can't tell it's there, but it 0:10:55.760 --> 0:11:00.880 makes for a more pleasant um overall composite. Right. Yeah. 0:11:01.440 --> 0:11:04.120 What Share had done, or what Shares producers had done, 0:11:04.320 --> 0:11:07.920 is take this thing and used it to the nth degree. Yes, 0:11:08.000 --> 0:11:10.679 supposedly it was just a joke and Share was like, 0:11:10.760 --> 0:11:13.520 I love that, but that's like, I don't know if 0:11:13.559 --> 0:11:15.520 that's an urban legender, if that's fact. Well, from what 0:11:15.640 --> 0:11:18.640 I read that her producer, she was she wanted like UM, 0:11:18.679 --> 0:11:22.120 she had heard like some telephone effect that she was 0:11:22.160 --> 0:11:25.440 interested in using, like she wanted something and I guess 0:11:25.520 --> 0:11:29.400 the producer had stumbled upon that and UM played it 0:11:29.440 --> 0:11:31.520 for but it was like you're not gonna like this, 0:11:31.559 --> 0:11:34.600 but listen to this weirdness, and she was like that 0:11:34.880 --> 0:11:37.960 I want that nice That's what I read. Well, I 0:11:38.000 --> 0:11:40.520 think that it's due to her giving it the green light. 0:11:40.600 --> 0:11:45.240 Then that was truly like uh, foresight, like a masterful 0:11:45.240 --> 0:11:48.400 move by Share. You know, well, Share has a lot 0:11:48.440 --> 0:11:51.160 of ForSight. You know, they say, don't don't doubt share 0:11:51.360 --> 0:11:55.320 and Share has a lot of foresight. Never bet against share. UM. 0:11:55.480 --> 0:11:58.080 So when she did make that decision, it changed, Like 0:11:58.120 --> 0:12:00.840 you said, it changed everything. And well, well I I 0:12:01.160 --> 0:12:03.199 we can't talk enough about this, but we're going to 0:12:03.320 --> 0:12:05.000 take a break and then come back and talk more 0:12:05.040 --> 0:12:24.559 about it right after this. You stop, all right, Josh. 0:12:25.000 --> 0:12:28.400 What I found most interesting about this while researching what 0:12:28.640 --> 0:12:33.040 um was what Andy Hildebrand did before he did this. 0:12:33.720 --> 0:12:38.120 He was a musician. He was played flute professionally since 0:12:38.120 --> 0:12:42.079 he was a young teenager, even went to University of Illinois, 0:12:42.480 --> 0:12:46.880 go fighting a line, I on a music scholarship. Yet 0:12:46.960 --> 0:12:51.320 he chose to work for Exxon Mobile for seventeen years 0:12:51.720 --> 0:12:56.559 looking for oil. Yeah, he's crazy. The two weren't too 0:12:56.640 --> 0:13:00.240 terribly far apart well, as we will find out. So 0:13:00.280 --> 0:13:03.840 he's a professional floutist, classically trained flout. It is a 0:13:03.840 --> 0:13:07.720 good one from what I understanding. His flute, yes, um, 0:13:07.760 --> 0:13:11.559 And he went to college to get an electrical engineering degree, 0:13:11.600 --> 0:13:14.200 I think. And basically when when he went to work 0:13:14.240 --> 0:13:17.360 for the oil companies, it was an oil exploration and 0:13:17.640 --> 0:13:23.079 he figured out a programmer he designed to software um 0:13:23.120 --> 0:13:28.760 that when you set off an explosive charge underground, it 0:13:29.120 --> 0:13:32.640 measured the pitch of stuff of the sound waves that 0:13:32.640 --> 0:13:35.720 that were created. Right, So as they traveled through rock, 0:13:36.080 --> 0:13:40.480 different types of rock adjust the pitch basically, and this 0:13:40.640 --> 0:13:43.439 software like analyzed the pitch that was coming through and 0:13:43.440 --> 0:13:48.199 could create a subsurface map of the rock below. And 0:13:48.440 --> 0:13:50.679 oil companies have long known that this type of rock 0:13:50.760 --> 0:13:53.200 is associated with oil, and this type of rock is 0:13:53.240 --> 0:13:55.679 not maybe a'll financial gas and this type of rock. 0:13:55.960 --> 0:14:00.400 So with this guy creating an audio visual map of 0:14:00.480 --> 0:14:04.240 the subsurface area, oil companies no longer had to just 0:14:04.360 --> 0:14:08.000 drill and drill and hope that they found UM oil. 0:14:08.320 --> 0:14:10.880 He would say, this is a pretty pretty great place 0:14:10.920 --> 0:14:14.160 to drill because this kind of rock is there. That's right. 0:14:14.200 --> 0:14:18.480 It's called auto correlation. And it saved Exxon a lot 0:14:18.520 --> 0:14:21.200 of money, and he somehow made a lot of money. 0:14:21.520 --> 0:14:22.760 I thought it was gonna be one of those things 0:14:22.800 --> 0:14:25.560 where like x Son was just like, thanks, you work 0:14:25.600 --> 0:14:29.680 for us, here's your forty dollars a year. But apparently 0:14:29.720 --> 0:14:32.680 he UM earned enough money to retire by the age 0:14:32.680 --> 0:14:37.400 of forty thanks to this innovation and UM in the 0:14:37.480 --> 0:14:41.440 early he got out of the oil business and found 0:14:41.480 --> 0:14:45.320 it like it's just a popularity content. Yeah. Uh. He 0:14:45.440 --> 0:14:48.960 founded UH in Terrorists Audio Technologies and UH kind of 0:14:48.960 --> 0:14:52.680 near Silicon Valley in Scott's Valley, California, and I think 0:14:52.760 --> 0:14:54.760 still they only have about ten employees. I think it's 0:14:54.760 --> 0:14:58.120 a pretty small operation. It's all centered around him and 0:14:58.200 --> 0:15:01.680 his ideas and in he is the main inventor UM. 0:15:01.720 --> 0:15:04.480 One of the first things he invented was something called Infinity, 0:15:04.520 --> 0:15:08.440 which is a program that where you could loop samples 0:15:08.720 --> 0:15:12.400 UM over and over and over like seamlessly. Apparently that 0:15:12.520 --> 0:15:14.920 was a necessary thing. I didn't know that. Oh yeah, 0:15:15.040 --> 0:15:18.320 think about it. We're talking like early nineties. That was 0:15:18.360 --> 0:15:22.280 like the eight acid house revolution. Yeah, but I just 0:15:22.280 --> 0:15:25.600 didn't realize. I guess he made it easier, probably is 0:15:25.640 --> 0:15:28.560 my guess. Yes, I think he enabled it. He enabled 0:15:28.560 --> 0:15:33.960 technos the impression I have, Oh really yeah, interesting looping 0:15:34.000 --> 0:15:37.320 samples together seamlessly. Well, but you could already do that. 0:15:37.360 --> 0:15:39.080 What I'm saying is is he clearly found a way 0:15:39.120 --> 0:15:43.360 to do it better and more efficiently. He didn't invent looping, No, no, 0:15:43.640 --> 0:15:48.800 he made it better, Yeah, exactly. Another thing he did 0:15:48.880 --> 0:15:53.080 was invented the microphone modeler. Modeling is a big thing 0:15:53.080 --> 0:15:56.960 in music. You can get um guitar amplifiers that model, 0:15:57.680 --> 0:16:01.760 uh basically means imitate other amps. I have a modeling 0:16:01.800 --> 0:16:04.440 amp which I don't use anymore because it's uh, not 0:16:04.560 --> 0:16:08.280 very good, but it models. There's like twelve different classic amps. 0:16:08.320 --> 0:16:13.040 It models, supposedly. But he invented the modeling microphone, which 0:16:13.080 --> 0:16:15.800 means you could mimic like classic microphones, or like a 0:16:15.840 --> 0:16:19.760 harmonica Mike and vintage Mike's, like the Elvis Presley, that 0:16:19.800 --> 0:16:23.280 cool looking Mike I'm sure that was on there. Oh 0:16:23.440 --> 0:16:26.960 is that the silver kind of rounded rectangular one. Noel's 0:16:27.000 --> 0:16:29.640 got one on his desk. I yeah, yeah, that's associated 0:16:29.640 --> 0:16:32.320 with Elvis Presley. Well, I mean just the music of 0:16:32.360 --> 0:16:35.320 that time. But I always picture Elvish. Yeah you know 0:16:35.360 --> 0:16:37.120 what I mean, I can see that. Yeah. Have you 0:16:37.120 --> 0:16:40.320 ever seen his grandson, by the way, quick sidebar. No, 0:16:40.720 --> 0:16:44.200 his name is quick sidebar yea quick Sidebar Presley. It's 0:16:44.320 --> 0:16:47.720 weird name, but you know, Lisa Marie was his mom. 0:16:47.920 --> 0:16:53.120 So yeah, um, that was very funny. By the way, 0:16:53.440 --> 0:16:57.240 he uh, just look him up. I think what's his name? 0:16:57.560 --> 0:17:01.080 I can't remember his name. His last name is the 0:17:01.160 --> 0:17:04.240 father's name for Lisa Marie's first husband, is who she 0:17:04.320 --> 0:17:08.280 had him with. Uh yeah, just look at Elvis Presley's grandson. 0:17:08.400 --> 0:17:12.880 It is creepy. Dude looks exactly like Elvis at that age, 0:17:13.640 --> 0:17:17.760 like scary, scary, eerily similar. Can he sing that? I 0:17:17.800 --> 0:17:20.520 don't know. Does he use auto tune? That? I do know? 0:17:20.880 --> 0:17:23.040 If he sings, he probably use his auto tune, probably 0:17:23.640 --> 0:17:27.720 because of singers. Apparently his auto tune it seemed even 0:17:27.800 --> 0:17:31.639 higher than that. Really, how about that? Admit it? M 0:17:32.200 --> 0:17:34.880 you know, yeah, there's the thing about auto tune where, 0:17:35.040 --> 0:17:39.400 um you deny that you use it even though you're 0:17:39.560 --> 0:17:43.520 totally aware that everyone uses it. UM. I read an 0:17:43.600 --> 0:17:48.920 article where apparently this one producer said that he's worked 0:17:48.960 --> 0:17:53.040 with two artists that have haven't used it everyone else has, 0:17:53.359 --> 0:17:56.000 and it was Nico Case and Nellie for Tato. And 0:17:56.040 --> 0:17:58.960 then apparently later after that, Nellie for Tato released a 0:17:59.000 --> 0:18:03.119 single that had tongue of auto tune on it solid 0:18:03.280 --> 0:18:06.160 she may be the only artist in the world who 0:18:06.200 --> 0:18:10.840 hasn't used auto tune, either subtly or um to the 0:18:10.960 --> 0:18:13.639 nth degree. Well, that's certainly not true. I think there 0:18:13.640 --> 0:18:17.119 are plenty of indie artists. But if you're talking, you 0:18:17.119 --> 0:18:20.120 should read this Verge article. It basically lays it out like, no, 0:18:20.720 --> 0:18:25.080 everyone uses this even if so. Apparently producers don't even 0:18:25.080 --> 0:18:28.840 necessarily tell the band that it's being used right then, 0:18:28.880 --> 0:18:32.679 because there's a live function, so that the monitors or 0:18:32.720 --> 0:18:36.840 the headphones that UM the band is hearing is being 0:18:36.960 --> 0:18:41.000 run through auto tune, so what they're hearing is already corrected, 0:18:41.200 --> 0:18:43.840 so they think they just did a perfect take. Yeah, 0:18:43.840 --> 0:18:47.320 I'm just wary of anytime someone says, out of twenty 0:18:47.320 --> 0:18:51.640 million singers, one person doesn't that's just very dubious claim. 0:18:51.680 --> 0:18:55.360 I don't know. We're talking music industry here, especially when 0:18:55.359 --> 0:18:57.760 a lot of people are making their own music in 0:18:57.800 --> 0:19:00.080 their own homes. Well, that's another thing they're not was 0:19:00.200 --> 0:19:03.159 part of the pop machine. They don't have stats on that, 0:19:03.359 --> 0:19:06.520 you know. Yeah, I'm just I'm just saying that's that 0:19:06.560 --> 0:19:09.360 sounds like a load of garbage to me. I'm sure 0:19:09.440 --> 0:19:14.000 more than one person doesn't either. It's just one. Um. 0:19:14.160 --> 0:19:17.320 So auto tune came about, apparently this is the tail 0:19:17.880 --> 0:19:22.000 because of a dinner that Hilda Brand was at. He 0:19:22.080 --> 0:19:24.680 was having lunch with a sales rep and the wife 0:19:24.720 --> 0:19:27.560 said something funny like, hey, Andy, can you once you 0:19:27.600 --> 0:19:30.960 invent something to make me sing in tune? And he went, no, 0:19:32.280 --> 0:19:35.760 great idea, that's a great hilder Brand. We should have 0:19:35.800 --> 0:19:39.399 auto tuned that. Maybe we could maybe maybe it was 0:19:39.560 --> 0:19:42.679 maybe it just happened. Uh. And so he said, you 0:19:42.720 --> 0:19:46.320 know what, Uh, if I can tell Jed Clampitt where 0:19:46.320 --> 0:19:48.800 the oil is, then I can make you sing on 0:19:48.920 --> 0:19:52.120 in tune. And he did, and he did he created 0:19:52.160 --> 0:19:57.280 auto tune, and um, we've kind of mentioned how it works. Basically, 0:19:57.920 --> 0:20:02.440 it takes a it takes that take of a singer's song. 0:20:03.040 --> 0:20:07.320 It takes the vocals of a song and you select 0:20:07.359 --> 0:20:10.880 what key you're singing in, and then auto Tune goes 0:20:10.920 --> 0:20:14.120 through and makes this map of this of the audio 0:20:14.280 --> 0:20:17.160 of the vocal track, and it goes through and says, oh, 0:20:17.200 --> 0:20:20.040 this one's a little flat, this one's a little low 0:20:20.200 --> 0:20:24.240 or whatever, um and it just nudges these things into 0:20:24.560 --> 0:20:27.280 tune into into the key that it's supposed to be in. 0:20:27.760 --> 0:20:31.280 So all all of the notes that the singer hits 0:20:31.359 --> 0:20:34.920 and that take are within the correct key, meaning that 0:20:34.960 --> 0:20:37.880 they all sound great. It's a perfect take, right. Well, yeah, 0:20:37.920 --> 0:20:39.840 and the the key there is it's in the original 0:20:39.880 --> 0:20:43.160 tone and inflection of the artist, right, So you can't 0:20:43.160 --> 0:20:45.720 tell it's happening. No, And there's actually if you look, 0:20:45.800 --> 0:20:51.000 if you look at the UMU Auto Tune product demo videos, 0:20:51.760 --> 0:20:56.360 it's amazing. So there's a there's an um an automatic 0:20:56.480 --> 0:20:59.600 version where like it just you select the key and 0:20:59.640 --> 0:21:01.439 like a tune, do its thing, and it does a 0:21:01.440 --> 0:21:04.119 pretty great job. One of the one of the ways 0:21:04.160 --> 0:21:08.120 that it does this is um it adds like millisecond 0:21:08.560 --> 0:21:13.200 pauses in between notes. There's little spaces between notes, which 0:21:13.240 --> 0:21:18.080 gives it a natural feel. Um If there's other selections 0:21:18.080 --> 0:21:21.280 that you can make like throat length, you can select 0:21:21.840 --> 0:21:24.920 how long the singer's throat is uh, and you can 0:21:24.920 --> 0:21:28.240 do that note by note, um, so you can make 0:21:28.240 --> 0:21:30.720 the whole thing even more natural. Until basically, what you've 0:21:30.760 --> 0:21:37.080 done is taught auto tune how to simulate a particular 0:21:37.200 --> 0:21:41.920 singers singing style and voice so that when it when 0:21:41.960 --> 0:21:45.040 it adjusts that note, it does it within the same 0:21:45.080 --> 0:21:47.280 exact range that the singer would have done had they 0:21:47.359 --> 0:21:51.600 hit it correctly. It's pretty amazing and advanced stuff. What 0:21:52.200 --> 0:21:54.760 when when normal people think of auto tune, like you 0:21:54.840 --> 0:21:58.000 and me who are not in the music biz, um, 0:21:58.119 --> 0:22:02.320 we we think of this, that's called the zero function. Yes, 0:22:02.440 --> 0:22:03.919 and you know what, let's take a break and we 0:22:03.920 --> 0:22:06.399 will explain what the zero function is right after this. 0:22:15.280 --> 0:22:24.359 You know, stop all right, the suspense is kidling me. 0:22:26.280 --> 0:22:31.840 You're gonna kid that's kid alright. Zero function. That was 0:22:33.200 --> 0:22:38.800 essentially what the share effect was. Okay, right, yes, go ahead, 0:22:39.000 --> 0:22:40.600 no no, no go ahead, no, no go ahead. You 0:22:40.600 --> 0:22:42.000 just sat up in your chair like you were about 0:22:42.040 --> 0:22:44.560 to arm rest. I've been do you go ahead? Do 0:22:44.640 --> 0:22:47.760 you talk about it? Well, what auto tune does, in 0:22:47.800 --> 0:22:51.520 the in terms of the zero function is is it 0:22:51.640 --> 0:22:55.920 gets rid of all of that space, and when shares 0:22:56.160 --> 0:23:00.560 voice changes, it's immediate. Yeah, all of those notes go 0:23:00.760 --> 0:23:03.960 right up against each other, and it creates this robotic 0:23:04.040 --> 0:23:07.360 sounding voice. Yeah, there's no like rise. It's there's it's 0:23:07.400 --> 0:23:12.520 not like a what's the word I'm looking for? It's uh. 0:23:12.560 --> 0:23:14.920 It's not like a normal vibrato that you would get 0:23:15.760 --> 0:23:19.520 because in a normal vibrato, there's there's pauses, there's space 0:23:19.560 --> 0:23:23.119 in between the notes. With this, it's not not all 0:23:23.160 --> 0:23:25.719 pressed up against each other in the compressed way, and 0:23:25.720 --> 0:23:30.400 that zero function um is what what. It takes any 0:23:30.440 --> 0:23:33.440 spaces out between the notes and creates that robot sound. Yeah, 0:23:33.440 --> 0:23:35.720 because I think auto tune has has a range of 0:23:35.840 --> 0:23:38.679 numbers to make it flow more seamlessly. And when they 0:23:38.680 --> 0:23:40.520 took it all the way down to zero, which means 0:23:40.520 --> 0:23:43.520 there's nothing there, it created that weird effect that they're like, nah, 0:23:43.520 --> 0:23:46.960 share your listen to this. It's weird. Yeah, And she's like, 0:23:47.000 --> 0:23:51.000 I like weird. It's great, baby, I hear number one 0:23:51.080 --> 0:23:53.960 hit in my future. No, you got it wrong. It's 0:23:54.480 --> 0:24:01.359 it's great baby. No. That was uh, that was Jack 0:24:01.480 --> 0:24:05.960 from Will and Grace. Oh do you remember when he 0:24:05.960 --> 0:24:10.800 thought he was talking to a share impersonator. Oh yeah, yeah, yeah, 0:24:10.840 --> 0:24:13.639 and he's like, no, if I could turn back to 0:24:13.760 --> 0:24:18.240 turn he was teaching her how to say it, sing 0:24:18.240 --> 0:24:21.119 it correctly. I thoroughly enjoyed will and grace. Oh it 0:24:21.160 --> 0:24:26.399 was great. Agreed, All right, where are we? Well? You 0:24:26.440 --> 0:24:29.240 were talking about the share effect, right, and that's what 0:24:29.280 --> 0:24:32.159 it was called again. Antari has called this zero function 0:24:32.200 --> 0:24:36.159 the share effect for many years and um and over time, 0:24:36.240 --> 0:24:38.720 remember her producer just kept lying and lying and lying. 0:24:39.640 --> 0:24:42.960 Over time, other producers independently figured out what he had done. 0:24:43.000 --> 0:24:45.840