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Speaker 1: Hey, this is Annie and Samantha and welcome to stuff.

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Speaker 1: I never told you protection of I heart radio, so

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Speaker 1: this fun it was something I'd never heard of, but

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Speaker 1: definitely should have known it was a thing, but you

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Speaker 1: brought it to my attention Samantha. Today we're talking about

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Speaker 1: which plantation, right, Yeah, I was very of course, I

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Speaker 1: was in my world of twitter verse and there was

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Speaker 1: several uh whether it was I think she was publishing

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Speaker 1: some books and doing some speaking and then below was

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Speaker 1: talking about whish plotation, which I was like, whoa, oh, oh,

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Speaker 1: what is this? Annie must know? And I just started

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Speaker 1: to texting, you know, I was like, hey, let's talk

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Speaker 1: about this because this sounds really interesting, especially since we

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Speaker 1: seem to be really too, which is right now and

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Speaker 1: by the way, they're killing it at the protests like

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Speaker 1: they're there and go ahead, which is yes, yes, um.

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Speaker 1: It's a long history of which is in protesting, which

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Speaker 1: will touch on a little bit in this one, and

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Speaker 1: we have touched on it before, and yeah, we've been

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Speaker 1: doing a lot of which content lately. We did the Craft,

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Speaker 1: we did the witch um right, so we thought more

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Speaker 1: we have a big list. We do have a big

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Speaker 1: list that it's not a lie. So as we love

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Speaker 1: to do. At the start with the definition in a

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Speaker 1: literature cinema, the use of the craft are more broadly

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Speaker 1: paganism in general for sensationalistic, usually horror inducing ends. Um.

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Speaker 1: And this is from the Mapping Contemporary Cinema website, which

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Speaker 1: I found a lot of great content on if you're interested, Um,

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Speaker 1: it might help us to define the exportation film genre

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Speaker 1: at large. Two and a bit of that history. So

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Speaker 1: these films emerged in the nineteen thirties and at the

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Speaker 1: time they were uh verging on pornographic, often described as

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Speaker 1: the film version of freak shows, and they usually came

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Speaker 1: with some heavy handed moral messaging. They frequently used pornographic

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Speaker 1: images to condemn pornography, for example, playing on what audiences wanted,

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Speaker 1: what they thought was forbidden, and then getting away with

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Speaker 1: it under the guys that ultimately they were condemning these things,

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Speaker 1: i e. The sexy lady would die for being sexy.

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Speaker 1: A simple definition of exploitation films is something that is

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Speaker 1: in quote bad taste for the time. Yeah. So, by

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Speaker 1: the time the sixties rolled around, exploitation films had evolved

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Speaker 1: from the strip tease to the nudity blatantly looking to

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Speaker 1: start up feelings that were disturbing and arousing. The moral

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Speaker 1: lesson was out the window, and this happened to coincide

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Speaker 1: with the renewed interest in which is wicka the occult

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Speaker 1: and in part driven by the psychedelic community. Here we

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Speaker 1: see the rise of which plantation films. So let's talk

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Speaker 1: about which is One of the most recent examples of

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Speaker 1: mass which burning was the Salem which trials of the

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Speaker 1: six hundreds, culminating in the death of fourteen women. But

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Speaker 1: our cultural interest never truly went away, as we see

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Speaker 1: it all the time, Yes, as we keep talking about

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Speaker 1: it ourselves. Also Asterix, there a lot of people use

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Speaker 1: the term which burning to call to encompass any kind

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Speaker 1: of killing, of which is in the Salem which trials.

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Speaker 1: I believe it was hanging um. But yes, the death

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Speaker 1: the execution of which is if we step back to

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Speaker 1: six is best selling witch hunting manual Malius Maleficarum, written

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Speaker 1: by Catholic inquisitors and theologians. We can see the long

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Speaker 1: history our society has of fearing female agency. Here is

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Speaker 1: a quote from that book. When a woman thinks alone,

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Speaker 1: she thinks evil, which I can't deny, but come uh.

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Speaker 1: He claimed that women were having sex with devils and

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Speaker 1: demons and writing on roomsticks a k a uh dildos,

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Speaker 1: which was troublesome because it implied that these women didn't

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Speaker 1: need a man. Look, I know, horror of horrors. The

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Speaker 1: book addresses it directly in quote how as it were,

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Speaker 1: which is deprived men of his virile member? Uh? Yes,

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Speaker 1: And it goes on. And what then is to be

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Speaker 1: thought of those witches who, in this way sometimes collect

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Speaker 1: male organs in great numbers, as many as twenty or

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Speaker 1: thirty members together, and put them in a bird's nest,

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Speaker 1: or shut them up in a box where they moved

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Speaker 1: themselves like living members and he oats and corn as as.

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Speaker 1: But as has been seen by many, and it is

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Speaker 1: a matter of common report right there, right, that's like

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Speaker 1: a pet I I mean, it's really funny now their

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Speaker 1: modern eyes. But yes they I mean they were killing

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Speaker 1: people um from the mid four hundreds of sixteen hundreds, yes,

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Speaker 1: which hunting resulted in a death of up to one

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Speaker 1: hundred thousand in Europe. About eight percent of those deaths

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Speaker 1: were women, many who lived in some way on the

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Speaker 1: outside of society. Healers midwives, those who lived alone or

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Speaker 1: poor or widowed, or in some way controlled or owned property.

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Speaker 1: Those who complained if they weren't religious. Um torture usually followed,

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Speaker 1: including an examining of the body for a third nipple

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Speaker 1: and a vaginal teat where it was believed that women

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Speaker 1: milk gave their milk to like goats and rabbits and stuff,

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Speaker 1: and it found guilty death by fire, beheading, or hanging.

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Speaker 1: So the examination was an autopsy after they died. No,

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Speaker 1: this was before hand, Yeah and interesting. So historians believe

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Speaker 1: which hunting had to do with Europe's and later America's

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Speaker 1: need to control women's bodies surprise, and their ability to reproduce.

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Speaker 1: Of course, within the sanction family structure for capital and labor,

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Speaker 1: their ability to produce more workers. This included the bodies

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Speaker 1: of enslaved black women as well. Enslaved women of childbearing

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Speaker 1: age were called an increase because they could increase potential

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Speaker 1: wealth of the owner. Women who quote did not need

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Speaker 1: a man who weren't having children for one reason or

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Speaker 1: another were a threat. The Maliu's mouth Acuram addresses this

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Speaker 1: directly too, so quote how which is impede and prevent

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Speaker 1: the power of procreation and quote, which is, who are

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Speaker 1: midwives in various ways kill the child conceived in the

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Speaker 1: womb and procure an abortion or if they did not,

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Speaker 1: this offer newborn children to the devil obviously jeez oh.

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Speaker 1: And I just want to put in here too. We're

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Speaker 1: not focusing on it today, but there is a witch

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Speaker 1: hunting tradition outside of Western culture. Uh. And I know

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Speaker 1: I read some about what has happened in India and Africa.

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Speaker 1: Would love to come back to that too, but pretty

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Speaker 1: much focusing on Europe in America for today. Um. In

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Speaker 1: fourteen four, Pope Innocent the Eighth, who I would bet

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Speaker 1: everything I have was not innocent everything I have? Um?

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Speaker 1: He claimed that which is quote, by their incantations, spells,

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Speaker 1: conjurations and other accursive superstitions and horrid charms, enormities and

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Speaker 1: offenses destroy the outspring of women. They hinder men from

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Speaker 1: generating and women from conceiving. How dare they? Yes? Terrible?

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Speaker 1: As Sylvia FREDERICI concluded in her two thousand four work,

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Speaker 1: Caliban and the witch witch hunts fueled by misogyny were

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Speaker 1: one of the building blocks of capitalism and our mod

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Speaker 1: in state, along with land and other natural resources. Women's

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Speaker 1: bodies and enslaved bodies were exploited for capitalistic profit. Previous

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Speaker 1: feminist thinkers argue too, that the targeting of midwives in

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Speaker 1: particular was a way of making women dependent on male

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Speaker 1: doctors for knowledge about their own bodies, something that continues

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Speaker 1: to this day if we think about who is creating

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Speaker 1: an upholding laws about our reprotective rights restrictions around childcare

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Speaker 1: and paid leave. In this context, the rise of digital

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Speaker 1: covens casting hexes on Donald Trump and Brett Kavanaugh makes

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Speaker 1: sense too. And the fear of which is seen in

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Speaker 1: churches saying protective spells to save them from hexes. I

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Speaker 1: actually didn't know that happened until doing this research. Well,

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Speaker 1: I mean, that's what's happening apparently in this protest which

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Speaker 1: churches are like trying to get the hexes off. And

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Speaker 1: also I don't know about the charges probaying to get

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Speaker 1: the protectives away from the hexes, but which is our

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Speaker 1: sending out hexes? Oh okay, I was like, yeah, I

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Speaker 1: knew about that. Now if they hear that there are

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Speaker 1: which is out there's that's gonna be somewhere somebody it's

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Speaker 1: going to be doing this, I'm betting. So we started

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Speaker 1: to see a mark resurgence in which is in our

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Speaker 1: media in the nineteen sixties and seventies, and there was

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Speaker 1: one main difference though. Instead of old hags, these new

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Speaker 1: witches were seductresses, young and sexy. Gone was an old

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Speaker 1: woman and the threat to fertility she symbolized replaced with

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Speaker 1: the threat of female sexuality scary something to be feared

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Speaker 1: and obviously punished because you gotta and the new which

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Speaker 1: was something to be consumed by who else men and

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Speaker 1: of course then discarded. Yes. Some prime examples include the

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Speaker 1: nineteen seventy two film The Version, which the film follows

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Speaker 1: a model who gets all mixed up with the covin

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Speaker 1: of lesbian, which is of course it was endorsed by

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Speaker 1: a British adult magazine, if that tells you anything. Um.

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Speaker 1: This was a typical plotline of which portation films. Young

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Speaker 1: woman seduced by witchcraft somehow and this frees her from

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Speaker 1: her sexual inhibitions. They usually have elements of softcore porn

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Speaker 1: and horror, which is power, the fear she held over men.

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Speaker 1: It was turned into something that served their pleasure, and

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Speaker 1: she eventually was punished for that power. Bitchcraft is another

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Speaker 1: example from the seventies. Um and the Mark of the

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Speaker 1: Devil a nineteen seventies German film about an Austrian witch hunter,

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Speaker 1: and it came with the promise that it would set

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Speaker 1: your stomach. I believe it's set on the poster guaranteed

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Speaker 1: to upset your stomach. Interesting, indeed, very interesting. So that's

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Speaker 1: kind of a rundown of exportation films and some witch

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Speaker 1: plotation films. We do have some more for you, but

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Speaker 1: first we have a quick break for word from our sponsor,

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Speaker 1: and we're back, Thank you, sponsor, and we're back with

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Speaker 1: something a lot of you listeners have written in about,

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Speaker 1: so I'm excited to talk about it. Yeah. So, as

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Speaker 1: we've discussed in previous episodes, which is are having a

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Speaker 1: cultural reno sance, one that seems to crust and fall

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Speaker 1: every decade or more so. One move that came up

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Speaker 1: in our research and a few of you have suggested

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Speaker 1: we check out is The Love which by Anna Biller.

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Speaker 1: It presents a feminist take on the whole witch ploittation thing.

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Speaker 1: Here's the plot. A beautiful young witch named Elaine cast

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Speaker 1: a love spell to find her perfect match. It doesn't

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Speaker 1: turn out like she imagined and leads to a murder

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Speaker 1: spree and a brush with insanity. Of course, while there

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Speaker 1: are signs of our modern day, much of it involves

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Speaker 1: the style of sixties which ploitation film. The rituals are

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Speaker 1: shot with the same attention frequently given to the female

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Speaker 1: body in these films, and while her body is exposed

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Speaker 1: in certain ways, imagery around her Mistrell cycle, for instance,

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Speaker 1: is not done for pornographic purposes, is done to illustrate

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Speaker 1: dual power and the vulnerability of female body. The director

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Speaker 1: has expressed her frustration that her previous films were labeled

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Speaker 1: as exploitation instead of critics on those films that borrowed

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Speaker 1: some of their styles. To underline the point, and we

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Speaker 1: can see that here in this one. Elaine is wooden

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Speaker 1: in the way she speaks, in acts, stilted, in one dimensional.

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Speaker 1: She was in love with the idea of love. But

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Speaker 1: every time my suitor shows any real emotion towards her,

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Speaker 1: she kills them whoops, and she doesn't understand it either,

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Speaker 1: resorting to a spell. Really, she's more interested in power.

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Speaker 1: She's what women so frequently are in poor movies, a

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Speaker 1: one dimensional rendering without emotions, She even says that you

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Speaker 1: have to give men sex and that that's love. But

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Speaker 1: the movie is on it totally self aware. It flips

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Speaker 1: the stereotype and every time that man shows emotions, she's

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Speaker 1: the one that can't take it. Yeah. I really enjoyed

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Speaker 1: watching this movie. And the first time I watched it,

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Speaker 1: I was like, man, she just like flat out saying

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Speaker 1: really sexist things, and the person she's talking to, Trish,

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Speaker 1: is like you you've been brainwashed by the patriarchy, and like, oh, whoa,

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Speaker 1: what is this movie? There? It is? It's true. Um,

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Speaker 1: here's the quote from Alice and Anders at talk House,

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Speaker 1: fear of the female planet rules the men and the love,

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Speaker 1: which they not only recoiled the side of a bloody

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Speaker 1: tamp on one cop doesn't even know what it is.

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Speaker 1: It continues to amaze me how ministruation is still such

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Speaker 1: a taboo and cinema. Thank you someone else who agrees

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Speaker 1: with my whole theory that it's all about male writer's

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Speaker 1: fear of the female period. Um, it's a marvelous delight

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Speaker 1: to see the male characters not only not in charge

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Speaker 1: of the narrative, but disempowered and frivolous. It's hard to

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Speaker 1: feel sorry for any of them, honestly, and that's really

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Speaker 1: really fun for a change, to see the men as

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Speaker 1: the one dimensional characters, the ones we find hard to

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Speaker 1: take seriously, the uninteresting ones that so father Biller has

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Speaker 1: called Lane a quote glam or, which but in a

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Speaker 1: sense of the true meaning of the word. The relationship

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Speaker 1: between filming and allure and magic, but in our culture

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Speaker 1: has gotten reduced to superficial appearances. So this uses in

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Speaker 1: the film provides commentary on how female power has been

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Speaker 1: reduced down to beauty and a facade of power quick

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Speaker 1: and fading. Elaine even flashes back to her ex husband,

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Speaker 1: praising her for wearing makeup and for losing weight, equating

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Speaker 1: her artificial power to her looks, and the camera frequently

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Speaker 1: zooms in on her eye makeup as she cast spells,

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Speaker 1: suggesting her power comes from this artificiality, and when the

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Speaker 1: magic has done his job, the makeup has shown smeared.

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Speaker 1: Mm hmmm um. The film also critiques our media representation

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Speaker 1: of witchcraft and paganism. The male leader of the Covin

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Speaker 1: is the one who lectures the female members on how

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Speaker 1: to get men in power. This was another steamer. It's

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Speaker 1: like wait, what is happening here? Um, he says, you

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Speaker 1: know you've got to wear makeup, You've got to use

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Speaker 1: your sexuality. Elaine's joining ritual is played off much more

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Speaker 1: as an abusive thing, with the leader having sex with

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Speaker 1: her while the others watch. Um. This movie came out

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Speaker 1: three days after the election, and Biller said about it

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Speaker 1: as soon as the election happened that the reviews became

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Speaker 1: very different. And those scenes with the near rape and

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Speaker 1: the crowd shouting burn the Witch, that all feels pretty

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Speaker 1: Trumpian all of a sudden. Um. And our previous feminist movie,

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Speaker 1: Friday Pick the Witch comes up a lot in which

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Speaker 1: pointation conversation too, is another example of turning that stereotypical

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Speaker 1: narrative that trope on its head. Feminism does end up

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Speaker 1: as part of this conversation quite a bit, which makes

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Speaker 1: sense given how often conversations around which is involved feminism,

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Speaker 1: as you could tell when we've been talking about the movie.

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Speaker 1: For example, there are the hashtag, which is of Instagram,

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Speaker 1: a group looking to introduce people to the craft by

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Speaker 1: spreading information via social media, and they post it called images,

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Speaker 1: often with feminist captions. And there's this quote from Rachel

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Speaker 1: Mosley's Glamorous Witchcraft, Gender and Magic and teen film and television,

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Speaker 1: The myth of the which is essentially a product of

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Speaker 1: male fears, historical stories warned of, which is crash shading

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Speaker 1: men of unbalancing patriarchal structures, which is which Yes, we

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Speaker 1: do have a little bit more for you listeners, but

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Speaker 1: first we have one more cup break for word from

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Speaker 1: our sponsor, and we're back, Thank you sponsor. Something else

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Speaker 1: we wanted to touch on. It was the rise of

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Speaker 1: black millennial women practicing witchcraft and particularly African rituals. And

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Speaker 1: there's actually someone Eve's um is trying to put me

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Speaker 1: in contact with. He works at Georgia Tech who knows

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Speaker 1: all about this, and I would love to talk to her. Um. Yeah. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: Many of these black women describe it as empowering, and

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Speaker 1: along with that, we've seen an anxiety around white women

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Speaker 1: appropriating or continuing to appropriate uh African rituals. You can

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Speaker 1: even hear it uh in Princess Nokia's song Brujas Everything

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Speaker 1: You've Got you got from Us. So in twenty fifteen,

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Speaker 1: Lakisha Harris formed a digital coven called Black Witch Chronicles,

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Speaker 1: and in twenty seventeen she opened a Black Witch University

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Speaker 1: with the goal of reclaiming African traditions and concepts. When

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Speaker 1: it comes to witchcraft, Vice quoted her as saying, Audrey

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Speaker 1: Lord says, the master tools will never dismantle the Master's house.

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Speaker 1: So what will dismantle the Master's house? Your tools? Go

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Speaker 1: and reclaim your tools, your magical dismantle the Master's house.

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Speaker 1: And they have a podcast, so if you want to

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Speaker 1: check it out, you definitely should. Yes, Yes, in a

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Speaker 1: very very teen nut show. African American witchcraft is thought

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Speaker 1: to originate with the West African yoruba Um religious traditions

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Speaker 1: centered on ancestors and deities. Once enslaved with African people's

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Speaker 1: were forcibly brought over to colonial America, your combined and

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Speaker 1: involved with Western religions like Catholicism, also largely forcibly eventually

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Speaker 1: giving birth to things like voo doo and who do.

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Speaker 1: And there's been a long history of exotstizing and fetishizing

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Speaker 1: and mothering of witchcraft practiced by black people, and we

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Speaker 1: see that play out in our media. While which is

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Speaker 1: in general empowered in our media, black witches are often

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Speaker 1: one dimensional characters that prop up the main white Witches storyline,

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Speaker 1: and many are culturally problematic and or depict evil villas

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Speaker 1: terrorizing good white people. This speaks to not only the

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Speaker 1: lack of representation, but continue fear of the power and

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Speaker 1: agency of black women. Yes, um, always we always suggest

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Speaker 1: being critical of your media and its messaging. Do your research. UM.

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Speaker 1: I have a good friend who says, you know, she

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Speaker 1: has kids, and before she shows her kids anything, even

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Speaker 1: if she remembers it fondly, uh, worth a rewatch because

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Speaker 1: you don't You might not remember something in there. It

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Speaker 1: doesn't mean don't show it, but you know, have that

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Speaker 1: conversation if you need to of problematic messaging or or

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Speaker 1: don't show it. You know, right, critic I was gonna say,

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Speaker 1: I think our new game and our generation has become well,

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Speaker 1: I guess it's every generation. Honestly, when we think of

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Speaker 1: things fondly as children and we re watch it and

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Speaker 1: you're like, oh my god, why didn't my parents let

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Speaker 1: me watch this? Yes, yeah, some of it has been shocking, honestly,

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Speaker 1: like oh wow, um, interesting messaging in this one, um.

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Speaker 1: And certainly as we are seeing this resurgence in which

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Speaker 1: is in our media. I found a lot of examples

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Speaker 1: of Black which is more fully developed, well formed characters,

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Speaker 1: and we would love suggestions from listeners. I really appreciate

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Speaker 1: the love which suggestion spot On loved it. Um So,

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Speaker 1: if you have any more for us to to check

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Speaker 1: out or that we should share with the sminty audience,

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Speaker 1: please send them to us. You can send them to

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Speaker 1: Stuff Media Mom Stuff at i heeart media dot com.

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Speaker 1: You can also find us on Twitter at momsff podcast

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Speaker 1: or on Instagram and Stuff I Never Told You. Thanks

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Speaker 1: as always to your super producer Andrew Howard comes up,

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Speaker 1: and thanks to you for listening. Stuff I Never Told You,

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Speaker 1: the production of I Heart Radio. For more podcasts from

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Speaker 1: iHeart Radio, visit i Heeart Radio app, Apple Podcast, or

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Speaker 1: wherever you listen to your favorite shows,