1 00:00:00,400 --> 00:00:04,760 Speaker 1: Welcome to Noble Blood, a production of iHeartRadio and Grim 2 00:00:04,800 --> 00:00:19,920 Speaker 1: and Mild from Aaron Mankie. Listener Discretion advised Henry Tudor, 3 00:00:20,280 --> 00:00:24,600 Speaker 1: the newly crowned King Henry the seventh, was in a 4 00:00:24,720 --> 00:00:26,240 Speaker 1: very delicate position. 5 00:00:27,160 --> 00:00:30,319 Speaker 2: King Richard the Third had been killed in battle, the 6 00:00:30,480 --> 00:00:35,000 Speaker 2: Yorks were defeated, and Henry Tudor the Victor had married 7 00:00:35,080 --> 00:00:39,320 Speaker 2: Elizabeth of York to unite the families under the banner 8 00:00:39,479 --> 00:00:43,880 Speaker 2: of the new House of Tudor. He was king after 9 00:00:44,000 --> 00:00:49,600 Speaker 2: the extremely costly and deadly Wars of the Roses. Finally 10 00:00:50,159 --> 00:00:55,880 Speaker 2: it was over, except Henry's claim to the throne wasn't 11 00:00:55,920 --> 00:01:02,600 Speaker 2: all that secure. Historian J. E. Cussen frames it well, writing, quote, 12 00:01:02,800 --> 00:01:09,040 Speaker 2: Henry the Seventh claimed the crown of England by three titles, dissent, alliance, 13 00:01:09,240 --> 00:01:15,320 Speaker 2: and conquest. Let's work backwards on those three, shall we conquest? Well? 14 00:01:15,560 --> 00:01:20,360 Speaker 2: That was inarguable. Henry had defeated Richard the Third at 15 00:01:20,400 --> 00:01:24,640 Speaker 2: the Battle of bosworth Field. But the problem with claiming 16 00:01:24,680 --> 00:01:29,160 Speaker 2: a throne through conquest meant that anyone else could come 17 00:01:29,200 --> 00:01:33,000 Speaker 2: along and beat him, giving them as much of a 18 00:01:33,080 --> 00:01:37,280 Speaker 2: claim as he had. In terms of alliance number two, 19 00:01:37,800 --> 00:01:42,280 Speaker 2: Henry's marriage to Elizabeth of York had been a smart move. 20 00:01:43,080 --> 00:01:47,520 Speaker 2: Elizabeth was the daughter of King Edward the seventh, the 21 00:01:47,640 --> 00:01:51,080 Speaker 2: older sister of the two princes lost in the Tower, 22 00:01:51,720 --> 00:01:55,880 Speaker 2: the princes who were allegedly killed by their uncle, also 23 00:01:56,000 --> 00:02:01,800 Speaker 2: Elizabeth's uncle, Richard the third. But the other title that 24 00:02:02,040 --> 00:02:06,720 Speaker 2: Henry was claiming the crown of England dissent. While that 25 00:02:07,040 --> 00:02:12,120 Speaker 2: was a shaky claim at best, Henry was the illegitimate 26 00:02:12,360 --> 00:02:17,120 Speaker 2: great great grandson of John of Ghent, and it was 27 00:02:17,240 --> 00:02:21,440 Speaker 2: an even weaker claim because it was through the female line. 28 00:02:21,960 --> 00:02:25,000 Speaker 2: But who cares about that? If everyone agreed that he 29 00:02:25,200 --> 00:02:28,960 Speaker 2: was king, he was king, and who was going to 30 00:02:29,160 --> 00:02:35,240 Speaker 2: challenge him? In September fourteen ninety seven, a man was 31 00:02:35,360 --> 00:02:40,200 Speaker 2: leading an army east from Cornwall toward Taunton. He was 32 00:02:40,240 --> 00:02:45,560 Speaker 2: supported by thousands of troops, mainly cornishmen who were upset 33 00:02:45,760 --> 00:02:49,600 Speaker 2: at King Henry the seventh high taxes and poor treatment, 34 00:02:50,080 --> 00:02:54,440 Speaker 2: and they were throwing their lot behind someone else, someone 35 00:02:54,600 --> 00:02:59,560 Speaker 2: with a much much more legitimate claim to the throne. 36 00:03:00,320 --> 00:03:04,040 Speaker 2: If you believed he was who he said he was, 37 00:03:05,160 --> 00:03:08,320 Speaker 2: history would come to call the man who led that 38 00:03:08,600 --> 00:03:14,560 Speaker 2: army Perkin Warbeck. But Warbeck claimed he had another name, 39 00:03:15,200 --> 00:03:19,240 Speaker 2: a secret name. He wasn't just the son of a 40 00:03:19,280 --> 00:03:24,680 Speaker 2: Belgian bureaucrat. That was all a cover story. Really, he 41 00:03:24,800 --> 00:03:29,239 Speaker 2: had once been a prince, the younger son of King 42 00:03:29,440 --> 00:03:33,920 Speaker 2: Edward the Fourth, locked inside the Tower of London while 43 00:03:33,960 --> 00:03:37,960 Speaker 2: his uncle Richard the Third claimed the throne for himself. 44 00:03:38,480 --> 00:03:42,640 Speaker 2: He had seen his older brother Edward killed, but because 45 00:03:42,680 --> 00:03:47,480 Speaker 2: of his youth, the murderers had allowed him to escape. Well, 46 00:03:47,600 --> 00:03:52,080 Speaker 2: he was back and he was here to take the throne. 47 00:03:52,360 --> 00:03:58,080 Speaker 2: Perkin Warbeck was really Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York, 48 00:03:58,640 --> 00:04:02,000 Speaker 2: the younger of the two princes in the tower, and 49 00:04:02,120 --> 00:04:06,680 Speaker 2: he had six thousand men marching behind him, ready to 50 00:04:06,800 --> 00:04:12,400 Speaker 2: help him take what was rightfully his. I'm Danash Schwartz, 51 00:04:13,000 --> 00:04:25,120 Speaker 2: and this is noble blood. The problem with telling the 52 00:04:25,200 --> 00:04:28,160 Speaker 2: story of a man who is known to history as 53 00:04:28,240 --> 00:04:33,080 Speaker 2: a pretender is you'll never know for sure which story 54 00:04:33,200 --> 00:04:38,240 Speaker 2: to tell. There are lies on both sides, and no 55 00:04:38,520 --> 00:04:42,719 Speaker 2: actual proof one way or the other. Let's get that 56 00:04:42,920 --> 00:04:46,039 Speaker 2: out of the way before we go any further. Perkin 57 00:04:46,120 --> 00:04:50,760 Speaker 2: Warbeck claimed to be Richard, Duke of York. At the time. 58 00:04:51,360 --> 00:04:55,000 Speaker 2: Some people believed him in earnest. Some people believed him 59 00:04:55,040 --> 00:04:58,599 Speaker 2: because it was convenient, and some people thought he was 60 00:04:58,640 --> 00:05:03,839 Speaker 2: a phony. Nowadays, plenty of historical fiction has had fun 61 00:05:04,080 --> 00:05:09,080 Speaker 2: exploring the possibility that Warbeck really was the Duke of York, 62 00:05:09,680 --> 00:05:13,960 Speaker 2: and to that, I say, why not. Historical fiction is fun, 63 00:05:14,400 --> 00:05:19,120 Speaker 2: and that certainly is the most fun version of the story. 64 00:05:19,200 --> 00:05:23,680 Speaker 2: But the unfortunate truth is there really is no proof 65 00:05:23,800 --> 00:05:27,920 Speaker 2: that he was the lost Prince. That said, there is 66 00:05:28,120 --> 00:05:32,640 Speaker 2: no concrete proof that he wasn't the lost Prince. So 67 00:05:32,839 --> 00:05:35,719 Speaker 2: you are free to hold on to your favorite story 68 00:05:35,800 --> 00:05:39,760 Speaker 2: if you really want. With this one, most historians do 69 00:05:39,880 --> 00:05:43,560 Speaker 2: agree that the real Duke of York, the younger son 70 00:05:43,720 --> 00:05:48,120 Speaker 2: of King Edward and nephew of Richard the Third, died 71 00:05:48,320 --> 00:05:52,320 Speaker 2: around summer fourteen eighty three, when he was nine or 72 00:05:52,440 --> 00:05:58,040 Speaker 2: ten years old. Perkin Warbeck claimed he didn't. In fourteen 73 00:05:58,160 --> 00:06:01,920 Speaker 2: ninety one, he began to make his claim public in 74 00:06:02,000 --> 00:06:06,120 Speaker 2: the Duchy of Burgundy, saying that he witnessed his older 75 00:06:06,120 --> 00:06:10,680 Speaker 2: brother get murdered. But the assailants, whoever they were Warbeck 76 00:06:10,839 --> 00:06:15,400 Speaker 2: never actually specified, were struck by how young and innocent 77 00:06:15,560 --> 00:06:19,400 Speaker 2: he was. They told him to run away to continental 78 00:06:19,480 --> 00:06:23,599 Speaker 2: Europe and keep the secret of his true identity for 79 00:06:23,720 --> 00:06:29,039 Speaker 2: his own safety. But nearly a decade later he claims 80 00:06:29,120 --> 00:06:34,159 Speaker 2: he had been kept safe by Yorkist sympathizers, and now 81 00:06:34,200 --> 00:06:37,680 Speaker 2: he couldn't hide the truth anymore. He was a young 82 00:06:37,760 --> 00:06:42,680 Speaker 2: man by this point. Almost every source recounts how handsome 83 00:06:42,800 --> 00:06:47,239 Speaker 2: he was, how much he resembled the former King Edward 84 00:06:47,279 --> 00:06:52,200 Speaker 2: the fourth, his supposed father, and how charismatic he was. 85 00:06:53,120 --> 00:06:57,600 Speaker 2: On a brief trip to Ireland, prominent Yorkists declared that 86 00:06:57,680 --> 00:07:01,400 Speaker 2: he was in fact the son of King Edward the fourth. 87 00:07:02,440 --> 00:07:08,400 Speaker 2: Those irishmen began writing letters to French nobles, and so Warbeck, 88 00:07:08,800 --> 00:07:12,800 Speaker 2: with his brand new pedigree, set out for Europe to 89 00:07:13,000 --> 00:07:19,600 Speaker 2: find some international allies. There was something about Warbeck that 90 00:07:19,960 --> 00:07:25,960 Speaker 2: convinced people. He was handsome, yes, but also courtly, well 91 00:07:26,000 --> 00:07:30,480 Speaker 2: acquainted with the habits and the practices of the York family. 92 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:36,880 Speaker 2: He spoke several languages, He was charming. Surely this couldn't 93 00:07:36,920 --> 00:07:42,080 Speaker 2: be a common nobody. Charles the eighth of France kept 94 00:07:42,200 --> 00:07:47,720 Speaker 2: Perkin in France until Henry, back in England, loudly reminded 95 00:07:47,800 --> 00:07:51,160 Speaker 2: his French counterpart that they had signed a treaty not 96 00:07:51,360 --> 00:07:56,400 Speaker 2: to shelter English rebels. To drive home the point England 97 00:07:56,600 --> 00:08:01,120 Speaker 2: laid siege on a French city, Maxims Million. First, the 98 00:08:01,120 --> 00:08:05,800 Speaker 2: Holy Roman Emperor invited Warbeck to attend the funeral of 99 00:08:05,880 --> 00:08:09,440 Speaker 2: Frederick the Third, his father, the previous Holy Roman Emperor. 100 00:08:09,960 --> 00:08:13,680 Speaker 2: It was there that Warbeck was officially recognized as the 101 00:08:13,760 --> 00:08:18,200 Speaker 2: rightful King of England Richard the fourth. But by far 102 00:08:18,520 --> 00:08:23,320 Speaker 2: Warbeck's greatest ally and supporter would be a woman named 103 00:08:23,520 --> 00:08:28,400 Speaker 2: Margaret of Burgundy. Margaret of Burgundy was the widow of 104 00:08:28,520 --> 00:08:32,320 Speaker 2: the Duke Charles of Burgundy, but she was English born. 105 00:08:32,880 --> 00:08:36,600 Speaker 2: She was the sister of the former York kings, Edward 106 00:08:36,640 --> 00:08:40,240 Speaker 2: the fourth and Richard the Third, which made the two 107 00:08:40,360 --> 00:08:44,920 Speaker 2: princes in the tower her nephews. Even though she hadn't 108 00:08:44,960 --> 00:08:48,680 Speaker 2: actually seen the two princes since they were babies, She 109 00:08:48,840 --> 00:08:54,400 Speaker 2: declared that Perkin Warbeck was legitimate. She was miraculously reunited 110 00:08:54,679 --> 00:08:58,720 Speaker 2: with her nephew, thought dead, the son of her brother. 111 00:08:59,320 --> 00:09:03,640 Speaker 2: It was a from God the Yorks would return to 112 00:09:03,679 --> 00:09:08,040 Speaker 2: the throne of England, and so Margaret began to put 113 00:09:08,120 --> 00:09:12,800 Speaker 2: forth the money for Perkin Warbeck to raise an army. 114 00:09:12,840 --> 00:09:17,760 Speaker 2: It wasn't purely family loyalty on her part, a gesture 115 00:09:17,920 --> 00:09:21,960 Speaker 2: out of love for a nephew thought dead. Warbeck made 116 00:09:22,000 --> 00:09:25,440 Speaker 2: a deal with Margaret that in exchange for the funds 117 00:09:25,480 --> 00:09:29,680 Speaker 2: and aid she was providing when he became king, he 118 00:09:29,720 --> 00:09:33,200 Speaker 2: would restore her trade licenses, pay the remainder of her 119 00:09:33,240 --> 00:09:36,880 Speaker 2: dowry off, and return her manners and castle in England 120 00:09:36,960 --> 00:09:41,240 Speaker 2: that had been forfeited. The stakes were raised now with 121 00:09:41,360 --> 00:09:47,160 Speaker 2: his international allies, and word reached England that this Perkin 122 00:09:47,240 --> 00:09:51,679 Speaker 2: Warbeck fellow might be for real, or at least a 123 00:09:51,800 --> 00:09:56,640 Speaker 2: real threat. Those nobles who had opposed Henry the Seventh 124 00:09:56,720 --> 00:09:59,720 Speaker 2: in the Wars of the Roses now had someone new 125 00:09:59,800 --> 00:10:04,800 Speaker 2: to a rally behind. Henry tried to eliminate the domestic treason, 126 00:10:05,360 --> 00:10:09,480 Speaker 2: gathering up a group of conspirators and sentencing them to death. 127 00:10:10,200 --> 00:10:13,920 Speaker 2: A few were pardoned, but some were beheaded. Henry the 128 00:10:13,960 --> 00:10:19,160 Speaker 2: Seventh would not be taking treason lightly, not after he 129 00:10:19,240 --> 00:10:23,840 Speaker 2: had already dealt with a pretender to the throne so recently. 130 00:10:25,480 --> 00:10:29,880 Speaker 2: Perkin Warbeck wasn't the first young man to appear claiming 131 00:10:30,040 --> 00:10:33,160 Speaker 2: to be a long lost member of the York family. 132 00:10:34,120 --> 00:10:38,960 Speaker 2: In fourteen eighty seven, three years before Perkin Warbeck began 133 00:10:39,160 --> 00:10:42,240 Speaker 2: claiming to be a lost prince, there was a young 134 00:10:42,320 --> 00:10:47,120 Speaker 2: boy named Lambert Simnel who challenged Henry the seventh for 135 00:10:47,280 --> 00:10:51,520 Speaker 2: the rightful claim to the throne. According to the story, 136 00:10:51,880 --> 00:10:56,440 Speaker 2: there was an Oxford trained priest named Richard Simmons who 137 00:10:56,520 --> 00:11:00,960 Speaker 2: found a young, humble boy with an incredible resemblance to 138 00:11:01,080 --> 00:11:06,280 Speaker 2: the York family. The cynical explanation here is that Symmonds 139 00:11:06,400 --> 00:11:08,640 Speaker 2: knew that there were many in England who were not 140 00:11:08,880 --> 00:11:12,800 Speaker 2: happy with Henry the Seventh's victory, and the York loyalists 141 00:11:13,200 --> 00:11:18,480 Speaker 2: needed a rightful heir to rally behind. Simmonds didn't claim 142 00:11:18,679 --> 00:11:21,720 Speaker 2: that Lambert Symnole was one of the two princes who 143 00:11:21,760 --> 00:11:25,840 Speaker 2: disappeared in the tower. Instead, they said that he was 144 00:11:26,200 --> 00:11:31,760 Speaker 2: Edward Plantagenet, their cousin. Apologies for the family tree here. 145 00:11:31,920 --> 00:11:35,679 Speaker 2: I know the Wars of the Roses is famously complicated, 146 00:11:36,200 --> 00:11:39,080 Speaker 2: but it's not super important. So if I lose you here, 147 00:11:39,280 --> 00:11:42,800 Speaker 2: don't worry about it. But Richard the Third and Edward 148 00:11:42,840 --> 00:11:47,800 Speaker 2: the Fourth had another brother, George Plantagenet, who actually sided 149 00:11:47,920 --> 00:11:51,000 Speaker 2: against them in the Wars of the Roses, siding with 150 00:11:51,160 --> 00:11:54,760 Speaker 2: his father in law. Then, when Edward the Fourth won 151 00:11:55,000 --> 00:11:59,400 Speaker 2: and became king, he had his brother executed for treason. 152 00:12:00,080 --> 00:12:04,040 Speaker 2: According to the legend drowned in a butt of malmsey wine. 153 00:12:04,600 --> 00:12:09,479 Speaker 2: But this trader brother George, had had a son, Edward Plantagenet. 154 00:12:09,960 --> 00:12:13,600 Speaker 2: But you know, years forward, when Richard the third was 155 00:12:13,640 --> 00:12:17,160 Speaker 2: claiming that he was the rightful king, this young boy 156 00:12:17,320 --> 00:12:21,319 Speaker 2: Edward got passed over because of his father's treason, which 157 00:12:21,400 --> 00:12:25,920 Speaker 2: invalidated his claim. When Henry the seventh defeated Richard the 158 00:12:26,000 --> 00:12:29,400 Speaker 2: third and he became king, he put little ten year 159 00:12:29,480 --> 00:12:33,480 Speaker 2: old Edward in the Tower of London for safekeeping because 160 00:12:33,520 --> 00:12:36,959 Speaker 2: he realized sure his dad was a trader, which made 161 00:12:37,040 --> 00:12:41,000 Speaker 2: his claim a little nebulous, but he still was a threat, 162 00:12:41,440 --> 00:12:47,440 Speaker 2: especially considering how nebulous Henry the Seventh's own claim was. Anyway, 163 00:12:47,600 --> 00:12:51,240 Speaker 2: there was a rumor going around that Edward Plantagenet, the 164 00:12:51,320 --> 00:12:55,320 Speaker 2: young boy, escaped from the tower, and the Yorkists were 165 00:12:55,400 --> 00:12:59,240 Speaker 2: eager for an excuse to try to overthrow Henry Tudor, 166 00:12:59,559 --> 00:13:03,640 Speaker 2: and they declared that this boy, Lambert Symnel, was him 167 00:13:04,240 --> 00:13:08,800 Speaker 2: Edward Plantagenet, and he was the rightful king. Of course, 168 00:13:08,880 --> 00:13:11,760 Speaker 2: as soon as Henry heard about that, he gets the 169 00:13:11,960 --> 00:13:15,600 Speaker 2: real Edward out of the tower, who never escaped, and 170 00:13:15,800 --> 00:13:19,200 Speaker 2: paraded him through the streets. But that did nothing to 171 00:13:19,240 --> 00:13:23,560 Speaker 2: stop the rebellion because one news travels slowly in the 172 00:13:23,600 --> 00:13:27,920 Speaker 2: fifteenth century. Two they just claimed that Henry got a 173 00:13:28,000 --> 00:13:33,600 Speaker 2: random impostor, and three the Yorkists didn't really care if 174 00:13:33,679 --> 00:13:37,280 Speaker 2: Lambert Symnole was real or not. They just wanted to 175 00:13:37,400 --> 00:13:42,360 Speaker 2: challenge Henry the Seventh, and they did. Symnel's army of 176 00:13:42,440 --> 00:13:47,040 Speaker 2: Flemish and Irish soldiers challenged the Tudor army at the 177 00:13:47,080 --> 00:13:51,280 Speaker 2: Battle of stoke Field, and they were defeated, but not 178 00:13:51,440 --> 00:13:56,400 Speaker 2: without arousing fight. Some historians actually claim it's this battle 179 00:13:56,559 --> 00:14:00,640 Speaker 2: that is the end of the Wars of the Roses Simmons. 180 00:14:00,760 --> 00:14:04,600 Speaker 2: The mastermind behind this whole scheme was a priest, so 181 00:14:04,640 --> 00:14:09,320 Speaker 2: he got jailed for life instead of execution, and Lambert Simnel, 182 00:14:09,720 --> 00:14:12,520 Speaker 2: who was really just a kid who had been used 183 00:14:12,520 --> 00:14:17,400 Speaker 2: as a pawn, is actually pardoned by King Henry. But 184 00:14:17,559 --> 00:14:22,360 Speaker 2: back to Perkin Warbeck, funded by Margaret of Burgundy, his 185 00:14:22,560 --> 00:14:26,080 Speaker 2: maybe aunt and maybe someone who just wants to take 186 00:14:26,120 --> 00:14:30,640 Speaker 2: Henry the Seventh down, Warbeck arrives on the southeast coast 187 00:14:30,720 --> 00:14:35,000 Speaker 2: of England at deal. The King's army is there in 188 00:14:35,120 --> 00:14:39,080 Speaker 2: full force, and Perkin doesn't even get off his boat 189 00:14:39,440 --> 00:14:42,880 Speaker 2: before he realizes he made a terrible mistake and should 190 00:14:42,920 --> 00:14:47,600 Speaker 2: try to take England through Scotland. King James the fourth 191 00:14:47,640 --> 00:14:51,480 Speaker 2: of Scotland is more than happy to have him. It's 192 00:14:51,560 --> 00:14:55,320 Speaker 2: while he's in Scotland that Perkin Warbeck marries the daughter 193 00:14:55,480 --> 00:15:01,200 Speaker 2: of a minor Scottish noble, a woman named Lady Catherine. 194 00:15:01,240 --> 00:15:04,800 Speaker 2: It seems it was a love match, but some take 195 00:15:04,960 --> 00:15:09,480 Speaker 2: the arrangement as proof that no one actually thought that 196 00:15:09,560 --> 00:15:12,680 Speaker 2: Warbeck was a lost prince, or he wouldn't have had 197 00:15:12,760 --> 00:15:16,880 Speaker 2: such a lowly marriage. I mean, it was a fine marriage, 198 00:15:17,320 --> 00:15:19,960 Speaker 2: but not the type of match one would have made 199 00:15:20,320 --> 00:15:22,920 Speaker 2: if you were actually the son of a king, and 200 00:15:23,080 --> 00:15:28,360 Speaker 2: the rightful King of England. Warbeck stayed in Scotland for 201 00:15:28,400 --> 00:15:33,840 Speaker 2: two years, and he was actually an incredibly valuable political pawn, 202 00:15:34,080 --> 00:15:38,640 Speaker 2: if nothing else. The ambassador from France actually offered the 203 00:15:38,720 --> 00:15:42,680 Speaker 2: King of Scotland money to send warback back to France, 204 00:15:43,520 --> 00:15:47,320 Speaker 2: but James the fourth was ready to fight against England 205 00:15:47,600 --> 00:15:51,440 Speaker 2: and he wanted Perkin Warbeck by his side to help 206 00:15:51,640 --> 00:15:58,600 Speaker 2: rally Yorkist support. Unfortunately, they didn't get far. About four 207 00:15:58,640 --> 00:16:03,320 Speaker 2: miles into England, the support that they had hoped would 208 00:16:03,400 --> 00:16:08,800 Speaker 2: rally for Perkin Warbeck in Northumberland didn't, and when the 209 00:16:08,840 --> 00:16:13,320 Speaker 2: English armies started coming up from Newcastle, Perkin and the 210 00:16:13,480 --> 00:16:18,360 Speaker 2: King of Scotland realized that they were cooked. James of 211 00:16:18,360 --> 00:16:22,240 Speaker 2: Scotland recognized that he had bet on the wrong horse, 212 00:16:22,800 --> 00:16:26,000 Speaker 2: and so while he frantically tried to make a peace 213 00:16:26,080 --> 00:16:30,640 Speaker 2: treaty with England, he ditched Warbeck as fast as he could. 214 00:16:31,480 --> 00:16:36,440 Speaker 2: James got Warbeck passage to Waterford after Warbeck was forced 215 00:16:36,440 --> 00:16:41,000 Speaker 2: to pawn a horse for cash. The name of the ship, 216 00:16:41,560 --> 00:16:45,600 Speaker 2: fittingly enough for one claiming a birthright that may not 217 00:16:45,720 --> 00:16:51,520 Speaker 2: have been his, was the Cuckoo. Cuckoo chicks are notorious 218 00:16:51,960 --> 00:16:58,120 Speaker 2: for hiding themselves in another family's nest, and so nursing 219 00:16:58,200 --> 00:17:02,200 Speaker 2: the defeat from his attack with Scotland, and nursing the 220 00:17:02,240 --> 00:17:05,400 Speaker 2: speed with which James wanted to get rid of him, 221 00:17:05,560 --> 00:17:10,520 Speaker 2: Perkin Warbeck rode away on the Cuckoo. Warbeck was practically 222 00:17:10,680 --> 00:17:15,359 Speaker 2: chased by English loyal ships to Ireland. There's a possibly 223 00:17:15,440 --> 00:17:19,960 Speaker 2: apocryphal story where a Spanish ship allied with England shouted 224 00:17:20,000 --> 00:17:23,080 Speaker 2: to the captain of the Cuckoo telling them to surrender 225 00:17:23,160 --> 00:17:27,840 Speaker 2: Perkin Warbeck for a reward of one thousand marks. I've 226 00:17:27,880 --> 00:17:32,040 Speaker 2: never heard of that man, the captain shouted back. Meanwhile, 227 00:17:32,119 --> 00:17:37,120 Speaker 2: Perkin Warbeck was crouched inside a vat of wine. Warbeck's 228 00:17:37,200 --> 00:17:42,159 Speaker 2: support and his numbers were dwindled, but he hadn't lost faith. 229 00:17:42,920 --> 00:17:48,000 Speaker 2: He hadn't given up. His last rebellion would be his largest. 230 00:17:48,600 --> 00:17:54,639 Speaker 2: Perkin Warbeck would finally make his stand. There had already 231 00:17:54,680 --> 00:17:58,479 Speaker 2: been a rebellion in Cornwall just a few months before 232 00:17:58,480 --> 00:18:03,639 Speaker 2: Perkin Warbeck arrived. It had been unsuccessful, but Warbeck was 233 00:18:03,760 --> 00:18:07,480 Speaker 2: hoping to capitalize on the Cornish discontent with the king. 234 00:18:08,119 --> 00:18:11,000 Speaker 2: In front of a crowd of cornishmen and women, he 235 00:18:11,200 --> 00:18:14,280 Speaker 2: promised that he would put an end to the outrageous 236 00:18:14,359 --> 00:18:17,520 Speaker 2: taxes that King Henry the seventh had levied in order 237 00:18:17,560 --> 00:18:22,200 Speaker 2: to fund his war against Scotland, ironically, a war which 238 00:18:22,400 --> 00:18:26,760 Speaker 2: just weeks before, Warbeck himself had been fighting alongside of 239 00:18:27,000 --> 00:18:31,000 Speaker 2: on the side of Scotland. His words were effective, and 240 00:18:31,160 --> 00:18:34,720 Speaker 2: atop of crag on what is now Bodmin Moore, Perkin 241 00:18:34,920 --> 00:18:40,960 Speaker 2: Warbeck was crowned King Richard the Fourth. Six thousand men 242 00:18:41,040 --> 00:18:45,200 Speaker 2: were behind him. All of the failed uprisings against Henry 243 00:18:45,240 --> 00:18:49,200 Speaker 2: Tudor had led to this moment, The moment that all 244 00:18:49,320 --> 00:18:52,840 Speaker 2: of the Yorkist sympathizers and all of the people who 245 00:18:52,920 --> 00:18:59,840 Speaker 2: hated Henry had found their champion. Unfortunately for everyone, Perkin 246 00:18:59,840 --> 00:19:04,320 Speaker 2: Warbeck wasn't quite as brave as his men might have hoped. 247 00:19:05,040 --> 00:19:08,160 Speaker 2: Almost as soon as he got word that the King's 248 00:19:08,280 --> 00:19:11,640 Speaker 2: scouts were nearby and that the King would be fighting 249 00:19:11,760 --> 00:19:16,960 Speaker 2: with the full force of his army, Warbeck panicked and ran. 250 00:19:18,280 --> 00:19:21,160 Speaker 2: In the middle of the night. He gathered sixty horsemen 251 00:19:21,480 --> 00:19:25,520 Speaker 2: and fled from battle. He raced to Bailieu Abbey to 252 00:19:25,600 --> 00:19:30,320 Speaker 2: try to get sanctuary, but they were soon surrounded. Perkin 253 00:19:30,359 --> 00:19:34,600 Speaker 2: Warbeck was captured and his six year run as the 254 00:19:34,640 --> 00:19:40,320 Speaker 2: missing Prince was over. While London's citizens shout and hooted 255 00:19:40,400 --> 00:19:44,240 Speaker 2: at him in the street, Warbeck was led on horseback 256 00:19:44,320 --> 00:19:48,120 Speaker 2: to the Tower of London, where he was imprisoned for 257 00:19:48,160 --> 00:19:52,320 Speaker 2: the first or, if you believe he was actually Richard 258 00:19:52,359 --> 00:19:58,960 Speaker 2: of Shrewsbury, the second time. During interrogation, Perkin Warbeck gave 259 00:19:59,119 --> 00:20:04,320 Speaker 2: his true life story, a full confession, or I suppose, 260 00:20:04,359 --> 00:20:08,439 Speaker 2: depending on your perspective, an invented story to appease the 261 00:20:08,480 --> 00:20:13,720 Speaker 2: tutors given under duress. Warbeck was born to a comptroller 262 00:20:13,880 --> 00:20:16,720 Speaker 2: in Belgium and He learned Dutch when he was ten 263 00:20:16,880 --> 00:20:20,880 Speaker 2: and got a job with a local cloth merchant in Antwerp. 264 00:20:21,440 --> 00:20:24,840 Speaker 2: He learned English when a Breton merchant brought him to 265 00:20:25,000 --> 00:20:28,399 Speaker 2: Ireland when he was about seventeen, and it was there 266 00:20:28,440 --> 00:20:32,159 Speaker 2: that he first got the idea or inspiration that he 267 00:20:32,160 --> 00:20:37,439 Speaker 2: would impersonate a Prince Cork, Ireland was filled with Yorkists, 268 00:20:37,760 --> 00:20:41,520 Speaker 2: and when they saw Perkin Warbeck, a handsome young boy 269 00:20:41,640 --> 00:20:46,440 Speaker 2: wearing the fine silk clothes of his merchant master, probably 270 00:20:46,560 --> 00:20:51,119 Speaker 2: just advertising his master's skill, they declared that he must 271 00:20:51,400 --> 00:20:56,679 Speaker 2: be the missing Prince. That's when Perkin Warbeck says he 272 00:20:56,760 --> 00:21:01,760 Speaker 2: began making the claim in earnest, which became easier when 273 00:21:01,800 --> 00:21:05,120 Speaker 2: he made his way to Burgundy and made the acquaintance 274 00:21:05,320 --> 00:21:09,000 Speaker 2: of Margaret of York. He also met a man named 275 00:21:09,240 --> 00:21:13,520 Speaker 2: Edward Brampton, who had been King Edward the Fourth's godson. 276 00:21:14,359 --> 00:21:19,119 Speaker 2: It's plausible that the two of them, Margaret and Edward Brampton, 277 00:21:19,640 --> 00:21:23,720 Speaker 2: could have taught Warbeck the details of Richard of Shrewsbury's 278 00:21:24,000 --> 00:21:29,439 Speaker 2: childhood and details of the York family dynamics. This is 279 00:21:29,480 --> 00:21:32,720 Speaker 2: the scene in the movie version where they're teaching him 280 00:21:33,080 --> 00:21:37,400 Speaker 2: how to be a prince and comport himself with courtly 281 00:21:37,520 --> 00:21:42,639 Speaker 2: manners for someone who had just marched with an army 282 00:21:42,760 --> 00:21:46,160 Speaker 2: to try to usurp the King of England. As soon 283 00:21:46,200 --> 00:21:49,320 Speaker 2: as Warback confessed that he was an impostor all along, 284 00:21:49,840 --> 00:21:55,040 Speaker 2: Henry the seventh treated him with almost shocking grace. Warbeck 285 00:21:55,160 --> 00:21:57,720 Speaker 2: is brought to court, and even though he is kept 286 00:21:57,840 --> 00:22:02,400 Speaker 2: under guard, he's brought along to royal banquets. It seemed 287 00:22:02,520 --> 00:22:06,680 Speaker 2: that Henry was trying to keep his enemies close, and 288 00:22:06,800 --> 00:22:11,160 Speaker 2: as long as Warbeck was continuing to openly and loudly 289 00:22:11,200 --> 00:22:15,919 Speaker 2: declare that he was an impostor, then he Henry was 290 00:22:16,000 --> 00:22:20,879 Speaker 2: content to keep Warbick around as something of a peculiarity. 291 00:22:21,760 --> 00:22:26,280 Speaker 2: But then Warbeck tried to escape again, and when Henry 292 00:22:26,320 --> 00:22:31,520 Speaker 2: recaptured him, he's less merciful. The King put Warbeck in 293 00:22:31,720 --> 00:22:36,119 Speaker 2: stocks on a scaffold in front of Westminster Hall and 294 00:22:36,320 --> 00:22:40,320 Speaker 2: forced him to loudly declare his confession that he was 295 00:22:40,359 --> 00:22:44,480 Speaker 2: an impostor in front of a crowd of people. He 296 00:22:44,520 --> 00:22:47,800 Speaker 2: would be in the stocks for five or six hours. 297 00:22:48,480 --> 00:22:52,439 Speaker 2: Henry made sure that the whole story was written down, 298 00:22:52,640 --> 00:22:56,080 Speaker 2: and that it was printed and spread widely so that 299 00:22:56,280 --> 00:23:00,480 Speaker 2: everyone would know exactly who Perkin Warback said he was. 300 00:23:00,960 --> 00:23:04,640 Speaker 2: He confessed there would be no more descent in Perkin 301 00:23:04,800 --> 00:23:10,080 Speaker 2: Warbeck's name. In fact, the name Perkin Warbeck would become 302 00:23:10,359 --> 00:23:14,919 Speaker 2: so synonymous with pretender to the Throne that one hundred 303 00:23:14,920 --> 00:23:20,760 Speaker 2: and fifty years after Warbeck's death, anti Jacobite propaganda would 304 00:23:20,800 --> 00:23:24,879 Speaker 2: refer to the Bonnie Prince Charlie, a claimant to the throne, 305 00:23:25,000 --> 00:23:32,680 Speaker 2: also called the young pretender as Perkin. After Warbeck's public 306 00:23:33,040 --> 00:23:36,879 Speaker 2: metaphorical flogging, he was sent back to the Tower of 307 00:23:36,960 --> 00:23:45,080 Speaker 2: London to chambers alongside Edward Plantagenet, the real Edward Plantagenet, 308 00:23:45,600 --> 00:23:48,880 Speaker 2: the one that Lambert Seminal that young boy a long 309 00:23:48,920 --> 00:23:55,040 Speaker 2: time ago, had impersonated. Warbeck may have been a cowardly soldier, 310 00:23:55,320 --> 00:23:58,320 Speaker 2: but when it came to his freedom, he was willing 311 00:23:58,480 --> 00:24:02,439 Speaker 2: to risk it all. We don't know the exact details 312 00:24:02,480 --> 00:24:06,240 Speaker 2: of how involved he was, who spoke to who about what, 313 00:24:06,880 --> 00:24:12,000 Speaker 2: but together Perkin Warbeck was planning an escape with Edward 314 00:24:12,040 --> 00:24:17,399 Speaker 2: Plantagenet to put Edward Plantagenet on the throne. The plan 315 00:24:17,760 --> 00:24:20,400 Speaker 2: was a little silly. The idea was that they would 316 00:24:20,440 --> 00:24:24,040 Speaker 2: blow up the Tower of London, and they never made 317 00:24:24,080 --> 00:24:27,920 Speaker 2: it out and At this point, the king had no 318 00:24:28,240 --> 00:24:33,040 Speaker 2: mercy left and no patience for anyone who might be 319 00:24:33,200 --> 00:24:37,760 Speaker 2: a threat to his throne. Both men were hanged in 320 00:24:37,920 --> 00:24:43,560 Speaker 2: fourteen ninety nine Edward Plantagenet, who had been a genuine royal, 321 00:24:44,040 --> 00:24:49,040 Speaker 2: the nephew of two Kings of England, and Perkin Warbeck. 322 00:24:50,040 --> 00:24:53,800 Speaker 2: Perkin Warbeck, once celebrated as the son of a king, 323 00:24:54,280 --> 00:24:59,439 Speaker 2: once called a king himself, was buried in an unmarked grave. 324 00:25:00,520 --> 00:25:06,320 Speaker 2: Some maintained that Warbeck actually was Richard, Duke of York. 325 00:25:07,080 --> 00:25:10,960 Speaker 2: Another theory that some positive was that Warbeck was one 326 00:25:11,000 --> 00:25:15,400 Speaker 2: of King Edward the Fourth's illegitimate children from a period 327 00:25:15,480 --> 00:25:19,119 Speaker 2: of debauchery in the Low Countries. This is one of 328 00:25:19,160 --> 00:25:23,919 Speaker 2: those historical situations that will never have a real resolution 329 00:25:24,280 --> 00:25:28,840 Speaker 2: one way or another. You can't prove a negative. A 330 00:25:28,960 --> 00:25:32,080 Speaker 2: king is a king because he says he is, and 331 00:25:32,160 --> 00:25:35,960 Speaker 2: when he has the strongest army behind him, people have 332 00:25:36,040 --> 00:25:41,520 Speaker 2: to believe him. Perkin Warbeck was temporarily a king, and 333 00:25:41,600 --> 00:25:46,520 Speaker 2: it led him to the end of a news. Warbeck's wife, Catherine, 334 00:25:46,600 --> 00:25:50,840 Speaker 2: the Scottish noble, would fare much better. She would live 335 00:25:50,960 --> 00:25:54,959 Speaker 2: another thirty eight years and would remain a prominent member 336 00:25:55,040 --> 00:25:57,719 Speaker 2: of the tutor court for the rest of her life, 337 00:25:58,680 --> 00:26:02,240 Speaker 2: and another slight happy note to end the story on. 338 00:26:02,960 --> 00:26:06,960 Speaker 2: Do you recall that other impostor, the child Lambert Symneal, 339 00:26:07,200 --> 00:26:10,320 Speaker 2: who had been so young when Irish forces rose up 340 00:26:10,359 --> 00:26:14,720 Speaker 2: behind him and declared that he was Edward Plantagenet. After 341 00:26:14,880 --> 00:26:18,760 Speaker 2: King Henry the seventh pardoned him, his life actually wouldn't 342 00:26:18,760 --> 00:26:22,320 Speaker 2: be that bad. He went on to become a scullion 343 00:26:22,400 --> 00:26:35,639 Speaker 2: in the Palace and eventually the Royal Falconer. That's the 344 00:26:35,680 --> 00:26:39,560 Speaker 2: story of Perkin Warbeck. But keep listening after a brief 345 00:26:39,600 --> 00:26:43,320 Speaker 2: sponsor break to hear a little bit about how Warbeck's 346 00:26:43,400 --> 00:26:55,159 Speaker 2: execution connects with one of our favorite tutor queens. It 347 00:26:55,320 --> 00:26:59,160 Speaker 2: must have been a genuine relief for Henry the Seventh 348 00:26:59,440 --> 00:27:03,120 Speaker 2: to have a reason to hang both Perkin Warbeck and 349 00:27:03,400 --> 00:27:07,399 Speaker 2: the real Edward Plantagenet. Henry was trying to marry his 350 00:27:07,640 --> 00:27:12,600 Speaker 2: eldest son, Arthur, to a Spanish princess, Catherine of Aragon, 351 00:27:12,720 --> 00:27:15,960 Speaker 2: and in order for her parents to agree to the match, 352 00:27:16,320 --> 00:27:19,800 Speaker 2: they wanted to be certain that he wouldn't be usurped, 353 00:27:20,119 --> 00:27:23,959 Speaker 2: so Henry had to convince Spain that he was the 354 00:27:24,080 --> 00:27:28,840 Speaker 2: legitimate King of England Beyond all doubt and beyond all threats. 355 00:27:29,680 --> 00:27:36,240 Speaker 2: Eliminating those threats through execution was a helpful step. Catherine 356 00:27:36,280 --> 00:27:41,000 Speaker 2: of Aragon knew that the hanging was distantly a result 357 00:27:41,080 --> 00:27:44,320 Speaker 2: of pressure that her parents were putting on England on 358 00:27:44,440 --> 00:27:49,240 Speaker 2: her behalf, and she felt incredibly guilty about it. A 359 00:27:49,320 --> 00:27:52,880 Speaker 2: Lady in Waiting, Jane Dormer, would write in her memoir 360 00:27:53,280 --> 00:27:57,000 Speaker 2: that Catherine would feel responsible for the death of the 361 00:27:57,080 --> 00:28:03,439 Speaker 2: innocent Edward Plantagenet, and Catherine would experience tragedies later in 362 00:28:03,520 --> 00:28:06,200 Speaker 2: her life. There would be the young death of her 363 00:28:06,320 --> 00:28:10,400 Speaker 2: husband Arthur, the sort of no man's land that Henry 364 00:28:10,440 --> 00:28:13,200 Speaker 2: the seventh kept her in after the death of her husband, 365 00:28:13,520 --> 00:28:17,640 Speaker 2: her inability to bear male children for Arthur's brother, her 366 00:28:17,720 --> 00:28:22,560 Speaker 2: next husband, King Henry, Henry the Eighth's affair with Anne Boleyn, 367 00:28:22,960 --> 00:28:29,000 Speaker 2: Catherine's banishment, plenty of tragedies, and Catherine, at least according 368 00:28:29,080 --> 00:28:32,000 Speaker 2: to this Lady in Waiting, would think that it was 369 00:28:32,119 --> 00:29:01,720 Speaker 2: punishment for that death that she inadvertently caused. Noble Blood 370 00:29:01,840 --> 00:29:04,920 Speaker 2: is a production of iHeart Radio and Grim and Mild 371 00:29:04,960 --> 00:29:09,120 Speaker 2: from Aaron Manke. Noble Blood is hosted by me Danashwartz. 372 00:29:09,560 --> 00:29:13,560 Speaker 2: Additional writing and researching done by Hannah Johnston, hannah's Wick, 373 00:29:13,920 --> 00:29:17,840 Speaker 2: Mira Hayward, Courtney Sender, and Lori Goodman. The show is 374 00:29:17,880 --> 00:29:22,520 Speaker 2: produced by rima Il Kayali, with supervising producer Josh Thain 375 00:29:22,800 --> 00:29:27,200 Speaker 2: and executive producers Aaron Manke, Alex Williams, and Matt Frederick. 376 00:29:27,560 --> 00:29:33,080 Speaker 2: For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, 377 00:29:33,200 --> 00:29:41,880 Speaker 2: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.