1 00:00:00,120 --> 00:00:01,920 Speaker 1: This Day in History Class is a production of I 2 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:06,920 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hi everyone, I'm Eves and welcome to This 3 00:00:07,040 --> 00:00:10,080 Speaker 1: Day in History Class, a podcast where we dust off 4 00:00:10,119 --> 00:00:12,680 Speaker 1: a little piece of history and placed it ever so 5 00:00:12,760 --> 00:00:18,040 Speaker 1: gently on your brainshelf every day. Today is October three, nineteen. 6 00:00:24,560 --> 00:00:30,200 Speaker 1: The day was October three, Tula, a leader of the 7 00:00:30,240 --> 00:00:35,320 Speaker 1: Curoso slave revolt, was executed. Curoso is an island in 8 00:00:35,320 --> 00:00:39,360 Speaker 1: the Caribbean Sea. The air Walk Indigenous peoples from South 9 00:00:39,400 --> 00:00:42,400 Speaker 1: America are thought to have moved to the island many 10 00:00:42,479 --> 00:00:47,959 Speaker 1: hundreds of years ago. In four Spaniard Alonso de Ojeda 11 00:00:48,360 --> 00:00:51,680 Speaker 1: arrived on the island with an expedition, marking the first 12 00:00:51,720 --> 00:00:57,280 Speaker 1: time Europeans visited Curoso. The Spanish then colonized the island, 13 00:00:57,360 --> 00:01:00,600 Speaker 1: which at that time was inhabited by the kaked A 14 00:01:00,640 --> 00:01:05,720 Speaker 1: coastal tribe of Arawak people. The Spanish enslaved theos and 15 00:01:05,800 --> 00:01:09,679 Speaker 1: sent them to Hispaniola, but by sixteen thirty four the 16 00:01:09,760 --> 00:01:14,119 Speaker 1: Dutch had occupied the island. Curoso was a major port 17 00:01:14,160 --> 00:01:17,480 Speaker 1: of trade for the Dutch West India Company that included 18 00:01:17,520 --> 00:01:20,840 Speaker 1: the trade of enslaved people, which was the main business 19 00:01:20,840 --> 00:01:24,600 Speaker 1: of the island. Most of the enslaved Africans who came 20 00:01:24,680 --> 00:01:27,759 Speaker 1: through were bought and sold in Curoso and were taken 21 00:01:27,800 --> 00:01:30,319 Speaker 1: to other islands in the Dutch West Indies and in 22 00:01:30,400 --> 00:01:35,360 Speaker 1: Spanish colonies. Some of those enslaved Africans did remain on 23 00:01:35,400 --> 00:01:39,640 Speaker 1: the island and worked on plantations. There was a large 24 00:01:39,760 --> 00:01:42,360 Speaker 1: number of enslaved people on the island, but there were 25 00:01:42,400 --> 00:01:46,000 Speaker 1: also many manu missions and many free people of color 26 00:01:46,080 --> 00:01:49,560 Speaker 1: and black people also lived in Curoso, and some of 27 00:01:49,600 --> 00:01:54,040 Speaker 1: them even owned enslaved people. There were slave revolts in 28 00:01:54,080 --> 00:01:58,160 Speaker 1: Curoso in the eighteenth century, including minor ones in seventeen sixteen, 29 00:01:58,520 --> 00:02:03,160 Speaker 1: seventeen fifty, and seventeen seventy four. One of the most 30 00:02:03,240 --> 00:02:06,720 Speaker 1: significant revolts in Curaso's history is the one that began 31 00:02:06,840 --> 00:02:12,720 Speaker 1: on August sevente About fifty enslaved people who worked on 32 00:02:12,760 --> 00:02:16,280 Speaker 1: the Dnip plantation refused to work and went to nearby 33 00:02:16,320 --> 00:02:21,200 Speaker 1: plantations to gather more supporters. There were several reasons that 34 00:02:21,240 --> 00:02:24,760 Speaker 1: the unrest among enslaved people have reached this point. Dutch 35 00:02:24,760 --> 00:02:28,600 Speaker 1: planters were imposing more restrictions on enslaved people to increase 36 00:02:28,639 --> 00:02:34,040 Speaker 1: productivity and profit. They forced enslaved people to work on Sundays, 37 00:02:34,080 --> 00:02:38,400 Speaker 1: and they hired enslaved people out to others. Slave owners 38 00:02:38,440 --> 00:02:41,600 Speaker 1: also collectively punished enslaved people for the offense of a 39 00:02:41,680 --> 00:02:46,560 Speaker 1: single person. On top of the conflict swelling around those changes, 40 00:02:47,000 --> 00:02:50,520 Speaker 1: enslaved people in Curoso also received word of the anti 41 00:02:50,520 --> 00:02:54,160 Speaker 1: slavery and anti colonial uprisings in the French colony of 42 00:02:54,240 --> 00:02:58,080 Speaker 1: Sandoman or present day Haiti, as well as the defeat 43 00:02:58,120 --> 00:03:03,119 Speaker 1: of the Dutch by French revolutionary forces in sevente As 44 00:03:03,160 --> 00:03:06,600 Speaker 1: revolts and conspiracies took place in the French and Spanish Caribbean, 45 00:03:07,000 --> 00:03:11,359 Speaker 1: the spirit of revolution spread throughout the region. An enslaved 46 00:03:11,360 --> 00:03:14,600 Speaker 1: man named Tula reportedly knew about the French and Haitian 47 00:03:14,639 --> 00:03:20,239 Speaker 1: revolutions and spoke about them. Tula, Louis Mercier, Bastion Carpata, 48 00:03:20,600 --> 00:03:25,040 Speaker 1: and Pedro Wakau were all instrumental in the revolt. It's 49 00:03:25,080 --> 00:03:27,440 Speaker 1: not clear whether the revolt was the result of a 50 00:03:27,520 --> 00:03:31,799 Speaker 1: planned conspiracy or happened spontaneously, but the strike on the 51 00:03:31,840 --> 00:03:36,800 Speaker 1: Dunippe plantation turned into a widespread revolt. At its height, 52 00:03:36,880 --> 00:03:40,520 Speaker 1: the revolt involved about two thousand enslaved people out of 53 00:03:40,520 --> 00:03:44,200 Speaker 1: the twelve thousand who lived on the island. Some free 54 00:03:44,200 --> 00:03:47,840 Speaker 1: black people and Maroons or fugitives who lived in independent 55 00:03:47,880 --> 00:03:52,960 Speaker 1: communities also joined the revolt against the colonists. At first, 56 00:03:53,040 --> 00:03:56,560 Speaker 1: colonial authorities turned to a Roman Catholic priest named Father 57 00:03:56,680 --> 00:04:00,720 Speaker 1: Shank to help with negotiations, but revolt leaders did not 58 00:04:00,880 --> 00:04:05,080 Speaker 1: budge on their calls for freedom. When negotiations failed, the 59 00:04:05,160 --> 00:04:08,920 Speaker 1: Dutch decided to use armed force and turned to white, 60 00:04:09,040 --> 00:04:14,160 Speaker 1: colored and black militias to suppress the rebellion. The insurgents 61 00:04:14,200 --> 00:04:17,560 Speaker 1: claimed that support would be arriving from Sando Mont, but 62 00:04:17,760 --> 00:04:21,839 Speaker 1: by late September the revolt had been suppressed. The leaders 63 00:04:21,880 --> 00:04:26,120 Speaker 1: of the rebellion, including Tula, Mercia and Carpata, had been captured. 64 00:04:27,240 --> 00:04:30,160 Speaker 1: Two white people had been killed, while around a hundred 65 00:04:30,200 --> 00:04:34,000 Speaker 1: enslaved people were murdered. Tula was tortured on the rack 66 00:04:34,120 --> 00:04:36,800 Speaker 1: and forced to confess that he planned to kill all 67 00:04:36,880 --> 00:04:41,600 Speaker 1: white people in Curasow, and then he was executed. Other 68 00:04:41,640 --> 00:04:45,960 Speaker 1: revolt leaders were also put to brutal deaths. After the revolt, 69 00:04:46,080 --> 00:04:48,960 Speaker 1: colonial authorities made efforts to roll back some of the 70 00:04:49,000 --> 00:04:52,640 Speaker 1: harsh labor practices and post on enslaved people that led 71 00:04:52,680 --> 00:04:56,560 Speaker 1: to the rebellion. Though there was a little anti slavery 72 00:04:56,600 --> 00:05:00,920 Speaker 1: resistance in Curasow in the years after the vault, there 73 00:05:00,960 --> 00:05:03,720 Speaker 1: weren't many major slave re volts on the island throughout 74 00:05:03,720 --> 00:05:08,080 Speaker 1: the nineteenth century. Slavery was abolished in Cures in eighteen 75 00:05:08,200 --> 00:05:12,160 Speaker 1: sixty three. I'm each Jeff Code and hopefully you know 76 00:05:12,240 --> 00:05:14,840 Speaker 1: a little more about history today than you did yesterday. 77 00:05:15,839 --> 00:05:19,560 Speaker 1: You can keep up with us on social media on Twitter, Facebook, 78 00:05:19,600 --> 00:05:24,440 Speaker 1: and Instagram at t d i h C. Podcast email 79 00:05:24,480 --> 00:05:26,920 Speaker 1: still works. Send us a note at this day at 80 00:05:27,000 --> 00:05:31,240 Speaker 1: I heeart media dot com. I hope you enjoyed today's episode. 81 00:05:31,560 --> 00:05:49,240 Speaker 1: We'll be back tomorrow with another one. For more podcasts 82 00:05:49,240 --> 00:05:51,240 Speaker 1: from my Heart Radio, visit the I Heart Radio app, 83 00:05:51,320 --> 00:05:53,960 Speaker 1: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.