1 00:00:00,200 --> 00:00:14,680 Speaker 1: August fifteen ninety, less than ten miles off the mid 2 00:00:14,680 --> 00:00:18,360 Speaker 1: east coast of America, a bright full moon, the color 3 00:00:18,400 --> 00:00:23,840 Speaker 1: of bone, rises steadily into the sky down below the 4 00:00:23,960 --> 00:00:27,520 Speaker 1: towering hulks of two ships on route from England, the 5 00:00:27,560 --> 00:00:31,880 Speaker 1: Hopewell and Moonlight, plow headlong through the waves as they 6 00:00:31,960 --> 00:00:34,720 Speaker 1: edge ever closer to the northern ridge of the Outer Bank, 7 00:00:35,400 --> 00:00:39,280 Speaker 1: a two hundred mile stretch of barrier islands and spits 8 00:00:39,320 --> 00:00:44,479 Speaker 1: located roughly six hundred miles north of Florida. Between the 9 00:00:44,520 --> 00:00:48,000 Speaker 1: bank and the mainland lay a body of water known 10 00:00:48,040 --> 00:00:51,839 Speaker 1: as the Pamlico Sound, at the top of which was 11 00:00:51,880 --> 00:00:58,760 Speaker 1: the ship's target destination, an island named Roanoak. On the 12 00:00:58,800 --> 00:01:03,280 Speaker 1: Hopewell's deck, Governor John White, who has waited desperately for 13 00:01:03,400 --> 00:01:06,960 Speaker 1: almost three years for this moment, strains his eyes in 14 00:01:07,040 --> 00:01:10,759 Speaker 1: the darkening twilight for any sign of his people coming 15 00:01:10,800 --> 00:01:15,600 Speaker 1: from the island. It was back in August fifteen eighty 16 00:01:15,680 --> 00:01:19,960 Speaker 1: seven that due to a series of calamitous events, White 17 00:01:19,959 --> 00:01:23,160 Speaker 1: had been forced to leave Roanoke and the colony of women, 18 00:01:23,600 --> 00:01:27,039 Speaker 1: men and children he had been charged with establishing there. 19 00:01:29,040 --> 00:01:31,800 Speaker 1: There had been a hundred and seventeen of them in total, 20 00:01:32,520 --> 00:01:36,800 Speaker 1: his own daughter and granddaughter among them, and every day 21 00:01:36,840 --> 00:01:41,360 Speaker 1: since leaving them he had been consumed with despair, not 22 00:01:41,520 --> 00:01:44,440 Speaker 1: only out of fear for their safety, but for his 23 00:01:44,520 --> 00:01:48,160 Speaker 1: own future too, for all of it had been dependent 24 00:01:48,440 --> 00:01:53,520 Speaker 1: on his successful return to the island. Now finally he 25 00:01:53,640 --> 00:01:58,240 Speaker 1: was on the brink of reuniting with them. It is 26 00:01:58,240 --> 00:02:01,680 Speaker 1: hard to articulate the sheer's sense of relief that washed 27 00:02:01,680 --> 00:02:05,360 Speaker 1: over Governor White that early August evening, when, as he 28 00:02:05,440 --> 00:02:08,760 Speaker 1: cast his eyes beyond the outer bank he spotted the 29 00:02:08,800 --> 00:02:13,680 Speaker 1: telltale sign of campfire smoke rising high above Roanoake's trees. 30 00:02:15,400 --> 00:02:18,880 Speaker 1: How his legs threatened to give way from underneath him 31 00:02:18,919 --> 00:02:23,079 Speaker 1: at the thought of what it might signify that, somehow 32 00:02:23,480 --> 00:02:28,920 Speaker 1: they had managed to survive after all that time. The 33 00:02:29,040 --> 00:02:32,760 Speaker 1: rest of those on board, however, were a little less infused, 34 00:02:33,520 --> 00:02:36,680 Speaker 1: for no doubt they had heard all the stories about 35 00:02:36,720 --> 00:02:42,160 Speaker 1: just what exactly lurked beyond those distant trees. For most 36 00:02:42,160 --> 00:02:44,680 Speaker 1: of them, who had only signed up to the trip 37 00:02:44,720 --> 00:02:48,440 Speaker 1: for the chance to plunder treasure from Spanish merchants, they 38 00:02:48,440 --> 00:02:52,079 Speaker 1: would sooner sail headlong into cannon fire than take one 39 00:02:52,160 --> 00:02:58,800 Speaker 1: step onto that god forsaken continent. You're listening to unexplained 40 00:02:59,320 --> 00:03:11,320 Speaker 1: and I'm Richard McClane smith. It had all begun, as 41 00:03:11,360 --> 00:03:15,480 Speaker 1: such things do, with an unbridled thirst for glory followed 42 00:03:15,480 --> 00:03:19,760 Speaker 1: by a magnificent overreach. On this occasion, it was Sir 43 00:03:19,840 --> 00:03:24,600 Speaker 1: Humphrey Gilbert, English soldier and member of Parliament, who, in 44 00:03:24,680 --> 00:03:28,400 Speaker 1: fifteen eighty three, with a fleet of six ships, set 45 00:03:28,400 --> 00:03:33,800 Speaker 1: a course for the Americas. On August fifth, Gilbert landed 46 00:03:33,800 --> 00:03:38,240 Speaker 1: at the port of Saint John in Newfoundland, despite finding 47 00:03:38,240 --> 00:03:42,600 Speaker 1: it populated by vessels from France, Portugal, and Spain, not 48 00:03:42,640 --> 00:03:46,240 Speaker 1: to mention already inhabited by a number of indigenous communities, 49 00:03:47,000 --> 00:03:50,080 Speaker 1: he declared it and all the land a thousand miles 50 00:03:50,120 --> 00:03:52,600 Speaker 1: to the north and south of it, the property of 51 00:03:52,600 --> 00:03:58,600 Speaker 1: England by order of Queen Elizabeth. However, due to their 52 00:03:58,640 --> 00:04:02,640 Speaker 1: fast diminishing supply, Gilbert and his cohorts were unable to 53 00:04:02,720 --> 00:04:06,760 Speaker 1: form a settlement to officiate his declaration, and were eventually 54 00:04:06,800 --> 00:04:10,560 Speaker 1: forced to return to England after getting caught up in 55 00:04:10,600 --> 00:04:13,360 Speaker 1: a violent storm just off the coast of the Azores, 56 00:04:14,080 --> 00:04:17,560 Speaker 1: Gilbert rejected the advice of his fellow sailors to evacuate 57 00:04:17,600 --> 00:04:23,159 Speaker 1: his vessel. Hours later, his ship had sunk taking Gilbert 58 00:04:23,400 --> 00:04:29,320 Speaker 1: with it. The following year, Gilbert's half brother, Walter Raleigh, 59 00:04:29,640 --> 00:04:32,520 Speaker 1: a young courtier who had become a close confidant of 60 00:04:32,600 --> 00:04:38,479 Speaker 1: Queen Elizabeth, decided to take up the mantle. Raleigh, who 61 00:04:38,520 --> 00:04:41,560 Speaker 1: had captained one of the vessels when Gilbert's original trip, 62 00:04:42,080 --> 00:04:47,240 Speaker 1: persuaded Elizabeth to transfer Gilbert's original agreement to him, entitling 63 00:04:47,320 --> 00:04:49,640 Speaker 1: him to all lands he could settle in the New 64 00:04:49,680 --> 00:04:56,080 Speaker 1: World and any subsequent riches discovered Therein learning from his 65 00:04:56,120 --> 00:05:00,200 Speaker 1: half brother's mistakes, Raleigh realized it would be vital to 66 00:05:00,279 --> 00:05:04,080 Speaker 1: first find a suitable location before making any attempt to 67 00:05:04,120 --> 00:05:09,120 Speaker 1: settle a colony there, and so in fifteen eighty four, 68 00:05:09,680 --> 00:05:14,240 Speaker 1: two Captains Philip Amadas and Arthur barlow were sent on 69 00:05:14,279 --> 00:05:18,760 Speaker 1: a reconnaissance mission to do just that. When Amadas and 70 00:05:18,839 --> 00:05:22,480 Speaker 1: Barlowe returned to England, Raleigh was surprised to find them 71 00:05:22,520 --> 00:05:27,560 Speaker 1: accompanied by two Native Americans named Manteo and one chiefs. 72 00:05:28,960 --> 00:05:31,920 Speaker 1: As the captains would go on to explain, the men 73 00:05:32,160 --> 00:05:35,440 Speaker 1: were both members of the Sikhatan tribe led by a 74 00:05:35,520 --> 00:05:38,760 Speaker 1: man named Winjina, with whom they had struck up a 75 00:05:38,800 --> 00:05:43,919 Speaker 1: relationship shortly after reaching America. Having made it to the 76 00:05:43,960 --> 00:05:46,800 Speaker 1: top of the Outer Bank on the east coast. They 77 00:05:46,800 --> 00:05:50,240 Speaker 1: had disembarked at an encouraging looking island, where they were 78 00:05:50,279 --> 00:05:53,479 Speaker 1: later met by members of the tribe, including its head 79 00:05:53,520 --> 00:05:58,559 Speaker 1: chief's brother, Granganameo. The man had invited them to visit 80 00:05:58,640 --> 00:06:03,400 Speaker 1: his home on an island they called Roanoke. The island, 81 00:06:03,520 --> 00:06:07,719 Speaker 1: said Barlow and Amadas, was exactly what Raleigh was looking for. 82 00:06:09,600 --> 00:06:13,520 Speaker 1: It isn't known under what circumstances exactly Manteo and one 83 00:06:13,600 --> 00:06:16,919 Speaker 1: Cheese had been brought back to England, and quite what 84 00:06:16,960 --> 00:06:19,240 Speaker 1: they would have made of London at the time is 85 00:06:19,279 --> 00:06:24,040 Speaker 1: impossible to comprehend. None the less, both were given living 86 00:06:24,120 --> 00:06:27,880 Speaker 1: quarters in Raleigh's London home, while renowned scholar of the 87 00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:31,720 Speaker 1: day Thomas Harriet was drafted in to help learn their 88 00:06:31,800 --> 00:06:37,440 Speaker 1: language and teach them English in return. Though Harriet's intentions 89 00:06:37,480 --> 00:06:41,159 Speaker 1: had been scholarly hugely excited at the prospect of learning 90 00:06:41,160 --> 00:06:45,279 Speaker 1: the Secotan's native tongue, what Raleigh really wanted to know 91 00:06:46,080 --> 00:06:48,719 Speaker 1: was whether the tribe would pose any threat to his 92 00:06:48,800 --> 00:06:54,240 Speaker 1: colonial ambitions. As Harriet assured him soon after, there would 93 00:06:54,279 --> 00:06:56,559 Speaker 1: only be one winner if it came to a fight 94 00:06:56,839 --> 00:07:02,040 Speaker 1: between them and the English. Encouraged by Barlowe and Amadas's 95 00:07:02,080 --> 00:07:06,480 Speaker 1: findings and with the opportunity for plundering Spanish vessels en route, 96 00:07:07,160 --> 00:07:10,360 Speaker 1: Raleigh had little difficulty raising the finance to take the 97 00:07:10,400 --> 00:07:14,440 Speaker 1: project to its next stage. All he needed to complete 98 00:07:14,440 --> 00:07:25,640 Speaker 1: it were some colonists. John White had been scratching a 99 00:07:25,680 --> 00:07:29,160 Speaker 1: living as an expert watercolorist when he first learned that 100 00:07:29,240 --> 00:07:33,000 Speaker 1: Walter Raleigh, now Sir Walter, having been rewarded by the 101 00:07:33,080 --> 00:07:36,520 Speaker 1: Queen for his imminent venture, was looking for an artist 102 00:07:36,560 --> 00:07:40,640 Speaker 1: to help document his mission to the New World, borne 103 00:07:40,720 --> 00:07:44,120 Speaker 1: some time in the fifteen forties. By fifteen eighty four, 104 00:07:44,560 --> 00:07:47,080 Speaker 1: White had endured the death of both his baby's son 105 00:07:47,440 --> 00:07:51,560 Speaker 1: and his wife, With his teenage daughter Eleanor having left 106 00:07:51,560 --> 00:07:55,920 Speaker 1: the family home after recently becoming engaged, White saw little 107 00:07:55,960 --> 00:08:00,440 Speaker 1: reason not to put himself forward for the trip. White 108 00:08:00,440 --> 00:08:05,480 Speaker 1: had watched patiently as Raleigh perused his handiwork, admiring especially 109 00:08:05,560 --> 00:08:11,120 Speaker 1: the realist images of Esquimau's paddling through ice floes in kayaks. 110 00:08:11,160 --> 00:08:13,840 Speaker 1: White had painted them on an earlier voyage he'd taken 111 00:08:13,920 --> 00:08:18,160 Speaker 1: to the Arctic in fifteen seventy seven. Pleased with what 112 00:08:18,240 --> 00:08:23,200 Speaker 1: he saw, Raleigh offered White the job. He would be 113 00:08:23,240 --> 00:08:26,760 Speaker 1: joined by an army of roughly sixty soldiers, along with 114 00:08:26,880 --> 00:08:32,560 Speaker 1: various construction workers and artisans, livestock hunting, docks, and all 115 00:08:32,600 --> 00:08:36,560 Speaker 1: other provisions necessary to sustain the colony until they could 116 00:08:36,559 --> 00:08:42,600 Speaker 1: become self sufficient. Thomas Harriot, Manteo, and one cheese would 117 00:08:42,600 --> 00:08:46,480 Speaker 1: also be joining them. No women were to be taken 118 00:08:46,520 --> 00:08:52,120 Speaker 1: on the first excursion. For leader of the expedition, Rawleigh 119 00:08:52,160 --> 00:08:56,200 Speaker 1: chose his cousin, Richard Grenville, though he had only ever 120 00:08:56,200 --> 00:08:59,400 Speaker 1: sailed as far as France and had no experience in 121 00:08:59,480 --> 00:09:03,840 Speaker 1: diploma see whatsoever, he nonetheless had the requisite hatred of 122 00:09:03,880 --> 00:09:09,440 Speaker 1: Spain that Rawly considered essential for the job. After delivering 123 00:09:09,440 --> 00:09:13,880 Speaker 1: the colonists to Roanoke Island, Grenville was to return straight home, 124 00:09:14,520 --> 00:09:17,600 Speaker 1: leaving the group in the hands of Korea soldier Master 125 00:09:17,760 --> 00:09:23,040 Speaker 1: Ralph Lane. Master Lane was a particular favorite of Queen Elizabeth's, 126 00:09:23,040 --> 00:09:26,880 Speaker 1: having been instrumental in the English Crown's ongoing efforts to 127 00:09:27,000 --> 00:09:32,079 Speaker 1: colonize Ireland. With everything ready to go, in the early 128 00:09:32,120 --> 00:09:36,800 Speaker 1: hours of April fourth, fifteen eighty five, four vessels laden 129 00:09:36,880 --> 00:09:40,199 Speaker 1: with the first genuine attempt to establish an English colony 130 00:09:40,240 --> 00:09:46,040 Speaker 1: in North America set sail for the New World. A 131 00:09:46,080 --> 00:09:49,240 Speaker 1: few days later, three and a half thousand miles away, 132 00:09:49,920 --> 00:09:53,760 Speaker 1: members of the Secotan tribe gather around the dying embers 133 00:09:53,760 --> 00:09:57,679 Speaker 1: of a village fire as dawn breaks above the surrounding 134 00:09:57,760 --> 00:10:02,199 Speaker 1: tree tops. Much discussion had been given to the strange 135 00:10:02,240 --> 00:10:05,560 Speaker 1: men with whom they had communed so many moons ago, 136 00:10:06,559 --> 00:10:10,959 Speaker 1: not least in wondering when, if ever they might return. 137 00:10:12,920 --> 00:10:16,760 Speaker 1: Friends and family of Manteo and One Cheese were especially 138 00:10:16,800 --> 00:10:21,280 Speaker 1: anxious to see their sons and brothers again. As the 139 00:10:21,320 --> 00:10:24,400 Speaker 1: rest of the villagers began to wake and prepare for 140 00:10:24,440 --> 00:10:27,560 Speaker 1: the day ahead, it took a moment to realize that 141 00:10:27,720 --> 00:10:33,800 Speaker 1: something wasn't quite right. The sky seemed darker than normal, 142 00:10:34,520 --> 00:10:40,599 Speaker 1: and the dawn unusually slow to arrive. Then one of 143 00:10:40,640 --> 00:10:44,520 Speaker 1: the tribe gasped and pointed toward the horizon at the 144 00:10:44,600 --> 00:10:47,440 Speaker 1: strange sight of what appeared to be a bright white 145 00:10:47,559 --> 00:10:52,360 Speaker 1: ring rising steadily into the sky. It was a total 146 00:10:52,400 --> 00:10:58,360 Speaker 1: eclipse of the sun. As the tribe's leader, Wingina, gazed on, 147 00:10:59,120 --> 00:11:04,120 Speaker 1: the message was loud and clear. Something ominous was heading 148 00:11:04,160 --> 00:11:14,840 Speaker 1: their way. Roughly two new moons after Chief Winjina and 149 00:11:14,920 --> 00:11:18,960 Speaker 1: his tribe witnessed the apparent portent of doom. Came the 150 00:11:19,040 --> 00:11:23,760 Speaker 1: unsettling news that men matching the description of those they 151 00:11:23,760 --> 00:11:27,679 Speaker 1: had met one summer ago, had arrived at the Aquascokog 152 00:11:27,760 --> 00:11:32,160 Speaker 1: settlement another tribe of Secotan not far from Wingjina's people, 153 00:11:32,960 --> 00:11:37,240 Speaker 1: and burned the entire village to the ground. Those men 154 00:11:37,600 --> 00:11:42,080 Speaker 1: were now heading their way. When Master Lane and Richard 155 00:11:42,120 --> 00:11:46,160 Speaker 1: Grenville finally arrived at the Secotan village with sixty armed 156 00:11:46,200 --> 00:11:49,040 Speaker 1: men in tow, it is clear that news of their 157 00:11:49,160 --> 00:11:53,880 Speaker 1: arrival had preceded them before long. With the help of 158 00:11:53,960 --> 00:11:57,360 Speaker 1: Manteo and one cheese, it is quickly established that they 159 00:11:57,360 --> 00:12:01,600 Speaker 1: mean the tribe no harm. However, when it has explained 160 00:12:01,640 --> 00:12:05,520 Speaker 1: that Grenville had ordered the destruction of the aquascocok settlement 161 00:12:06,040 --> 00:12:09,080 Speaker 1: because he believed one of the savages as he called them, 162 00:12:09,200 --> 00:12:12,480 Speaker 1: had stolen a silver cup of his, it was clear 163 00:12:12,480 --> 00:12:17,920 Speaker 1: to Winna that theirs would be a complicated relationship. Banteo 164 00:12:18,040 --> 00:12:20,560 Speaker 1: went on to explain that the men had come to 165 00:12:20,679 --> 00:12:23,760 Speaker 1: establish a settlement of their own and were intent on 166 00:12:23,880 --> 00:12:28,400 Speaker 1: using Roanoke as their base. After setting up a meeting 167 00:12:28,400 --> 00:12:33,199 Speaker 1: with Winjuner's brother Guanganimeo, the elders agreed not to stand 168 00:12:33,240 --> 00:12:35,840 Speaker 1: in their way if they limited themselves to the north 169 00:12:35,960 --> 00:12:41,240 Speaker 1: end of the island. With both parties seemingly relieved to 170 00:12:41,240 --> 00:12:45,040 Speaker 1: have come to a diplomatic agreement, the English colonists promptly 171 00:12:45,040 --> 00:12:48,480 Speaker 1: began unloading all their equipment and supplies onto the island. 172 00:12:50,000 --> 00:12:53,600 Speaker 1: By the third week, they had constructed a fort complete 173 00:12:53,600 --> 00:12:58,920 Speaker 1: with gun emplacements, a church, storehouses, a series of thatched 174 00:12:59,000 --> 00:13:02,559 Speaker 1: roofed homes, as well as an armory and even a jail. 175 00:13:04,200 --> 00:13:06,760 Speaker 1: By the end of August, the one hundred and seven 176 00:13:06,800 --> 00:13:10,520 Speaker 1: settlers watched with no little apprehension as the last ship 177 00:13:10,559 --> 00:13:14,760 Speaker 1: of their fleet weighed anchor and sailed off into the horizon. 178 00:13:17,000 --> 00:13:21,559 Speaker 1: It wasn't long before their problems began to mount. Many 179 00:13:21,559 --> 00:13:24,400 Speaker 1: of the more wealthy colonists had come merely to seek 180 00:13:24,440 --> 00:13:27,880 Speaker 1: their fortune and had neither the skills nor the inclination 181 00:13:28,040 --> 00:13:32,160 Speaker 1: to knuckle down with the rest. Having failed to include 182 00:13:32,200 --> 00:13:35,920 Speaker 1: any alcohol with their provisions was also having a serious 183 00:13:35,920 --> 00:13:41,400 Speaker 1: effect on morale. Of more pressing concern, however, was there 184 00:13:41,440 --> 00:13:46,560 Speaker 1: faster pleating food store. On arrival in the New World. 185 00:13:46,760 --> 00:13:50,680 Speaker 1: A ship carrying the majority of their provisions had run aground, 186 00:13:50,840 --> 00:13:54,520 Speaker 1: destroying much of its cargo in the process. Then, having 187 00:13:54,520 --> 00:13:57,760 Speaker 1: made it to Roanoke much later than planned, there had 188 00:13:57,800 --> 00:14:00,280 Speaker 1: been no chance to plant seeds in time for a 189 00:14:00,360 --> 00:14:05,400 Speaker 1: harvest before winter. Their only hope was to convince Winjina 190 00:14:05,520 --> 00:14:08,839 Speaker 1: to share some of his tribes upcoming harvest with them 191 00:14:08,960 --> 00:14:13,599 Speaker 1: until they could fully support themselves. Their predicament was not 192 00:14:13,800 --> 00:14:17,400 Speaker 1: helped by the fact that soon after their arrival, hundreds 193 00:14:17,400 --> 00:14:22,800 Speaker 1: of Sikatan died unexpectedly. Winjinnah had little doubt that the 194 00:14:22,880 --> 00:14:27,480 Speaker 1: settlers were to blame. However, it wasn't a supernatural power, 195 00:14:27,640 --> 00:14:32,280 Speaker 1: as he'd suspected, but rather the smallpox and measles they'd 196 00:14:32,280 --> 00:14:37,800 Speaker 1: brought with them from Europe. Thanks largely to Manteo's skills 197 00:14:37,800 --> 00:14:42,040 Speaker 1: of diplomacy, Lane succeeded in convincing Winjina to help feed 198 00:14:42,080 --> 00:14:46,200 Speaker 1: the colony. The tribe even go as far as constructing 199 00:14:46,280 --> 00:14:49,680 Speaker 1: fishing traps for them, since the English so far had 200 00:14:49,720 --> 00:14:54,240 Speaker 1: even struggled to catch any fish, and disaster was averted 201 00:14:54,360 --> 00:15:02,000 Speaker 1: for the time being. You always taking care of your family? 202 00:15:02,320 --> 00:15:04,720 Speaker 1: Do you often take care of others and not yourself. 203 00:15:05,320 --> 00:15:07,960 Speaker 1: Now it's time to take care of yourself. To make 204 00:15:08,040 --> 00:15:11,920 Speaker 1: time for you. You deserve it. Teledoc gives you access 205 00:15:11,960 --> 00:15:14,560 Speaker 1: to a licensed therapist to help you get back to 206 00:15:14,640 --> 00:15:18,960 Speaker 1: feeling your best to feeling like yourself again. With teledoc, 207 00:15:19,200 --> 00:15:22,160 Speaker 1: you can speak to a licensed therapist by phone or video. 208 00:15:22,600 --> 00:15:25,920 Speaker 1: Therapy appointments are available seven days a week from seven 209 00:15:25,960 --> 00:15:29,720 Speaker 1: am to nine pm local time. If you feel overwhelmed 210 00:15:29,800 --> 00:15:34,360 Speaker 1: sometimes maybe you feel stressed or anxious, depressed or lonely, 211 00:15:34,920 --> 00:15:37,680 Speaker 1: or you might be struggling with a personal or family issue, 212 00:15:38,120 --> 00:15:43,400 Speaker 1: teledoc can help. Teledoc is committed to facilitating great therapeutic matches, 213 00:15:43,720 --> 00:15:46,240 Speaker 1: so they make it easy to change counselors if needed. 214 00:15:46,480 --> 00:15:51,360 Speaker 1: For free. Teledoc therapy is available through most insurance or employers. 215 00:15:52,120 --> 00:15:55,680 Speaker 1: Download the app or visit teledoc dot com forward slash 216 00:15:55,760 --> 00:16:01,880 Speaker 1: Unexplained podcast today to get started. That's t ladoc dot 217 00:16:01,880 --> 00:16:10,800 Speaker 1: com slash Unexplained podcast. Concerned that win Joanna's patients was 218 00:16:10,880 --> 00:16:15,640 Speaker 1: running out, Lane instructed John White and Thomas Harriot to 219 00:16:15,760 --> 00:16:18,800 Speaker 1: travel deeper into the continent to create a map of 220 00:16:18,920 --> 00:16:21,960 Speaker 1: what was still uncharted territory for them in the event 221 00:16:22,040 --> 00:16:25,880 Speaker 1: they might need to resettle elsewhere. By the time White 222 00:16:25,880 --> 00:16:29,400 Speaker 1: and Harriet returned a few months later, having struck up 223 00:16:29,440 --> 00:16:32,640 Speaker 1: friendly relationships with a number of other tribes further up 224 00:16:32,640 --> 00:16:38,840 Speaker 1: the coast, everything had changed. Fighting had broken out between 225 00:16:38,840 --> 00:16:41,240 Speaker 1: a number of the colonists and the Secotan at the 226 00:16:41,280 --> 00:16:45,120 Speaker 1: south end of the island. Lane was also by now 227 00:16:45,240 --> 00:16:48,800 Speaker 1: in no doubt that Winna was planning to slaughter them all. 228 00:16:50,640 --> 00:16:54,040 Speaker 1: In the spring of fifteen eighty six, Lane takes to 229 00:16:54,080 --> 00:16:57,480 Speaker 1: the waters with forty men, and together they head north 230 00:16:57,800 --> 00:17:00,400 Speaker 1: on the search for more tribes to form an aliance with. 231 00:17:01,680 --> 00:17:04,919 Speaker 1: Back at the Secotan village on the mainland, with weeks 232 00:17:04,960 --> 00:17:08,119 Speaker 1: having passed and Lane and his men yet to reappear, 233 00:17:08,960 --> 00:17:13,240 Speaker 1: Chief Winjuna, believing they had died, demands the tribe cut 234 00:17:13,240 --> 00:17:17,240 Speaker 1: all contact with the English settlers. But when Lane and 235 00:17:17,280 --> 00:17:21,359 Speaker 1: his men return some weeks later, tired and famished but 236 00:17:21,600 --> 00:17:25,520 Speaker 1: very much alive, winjan As people are reluctant to put 237 00:17:25,520 --> 00:17:29,560 Speaker 1: his plan into action. When they receive word that Lane 238 00:17:29,560 --> 00:17:32,960 Speaker 1: had made contact with the Choanoak with plans to pit 239 00:17:33,000 --> 00:17:36,120 Speaker 1: the two tribes against each other, it was clear they 240 00:17:36,119 --> 00:17:42,399 Speaker 1: had little choice but to act. One morning, two of 241 00:17:42,400 --> 00:17:45,520 Speaker 1: the colonists in charge of collecting fish from the Secotan 242 00:17:45,600 --> 00:17:50,000 Speaker 1: traps find that they have all been destroyed. When Lane 243 00:17:50,000 --> 00:17:52,800 Speaker 1: demands to know what is going on, he is informed 244 00:17:52,840 --> 00:17:56,520 Speaker 1: in no uncertain terms that the Secotan will no longer 245 00:17:56,560 --> 00:18:01,479 Speaker 1: be providing food for his people. Over the next few weeks, 246 00:18:01,920 --> 00:18:07,800 Speaker 1: the colonists slowly begin to starve. A captain's stafford is 247 00:18:07,840 --> 00:18:11,080 Speaker 1: despatched with twenty men to seek help from Monteo's home, 248 00:18:11,600 --> 00:18:15,240 Speaker 1: a tribe of Secotan located some forty miles further down 249 00:18:15,240 --> 00:18:20,520 Speaker 1: the outer bank on another island named Crowetoen. Others were 250 00:18:20,560 --> 00:18:22,920 Speaker 1: sent to the main land to forage whatever they could, 251 00:18:24,080 --> 00:18:28,200 Speaker 1: but Lane knows it will not be enough. As his 252 00:18:28,359 --> 00:18:32,480 Speaker 1: army steadily weakens, so too does his conviction grow that 253 00:18:32,640 --> 00:18:43,080 Speaker 1: Wingina was about to attack them at any minute. It 254 00:18:43,119 --> 00:18:46,080 Speaker 1: was just as the sun was disappearing below the horizon 255 00:18:46,840 --> 00:18:49,760 Speaker 1: that a small group of Lane's men struck out and 256 00:18:49,920 --> 00:18:53,159 Speaker 1: hijacked every secoat and canoe on the island they could find. 257 00:18:54,359 --> 00:18:58,919 Speaker 1: Only one was still out on the water. Realizing they 258 00:18:58,920 --> 00:19:03,280 Speaker 1: were under attack, its two occupants began paddling furiously toward 259 00:19:03,359 --> 00:19:07,880 Speaker 1: the mainland. However, Lane's men were able to catch them 260 00:19:07,920 --> 00:19:12,800 Speaker 1: before they could alert their compatriots there. From the banks 261 00:19:12,800 --> 00:19:16,720 Speaker 1: of Roanoke, the remaining Sikotan watch as the English brought 262 00:19:16,720 --> 00:19:20,680 Speaker 1: the two men back to the island and promptly cut 263 00:19:20,680 --> 00:19:26,840 Speaker 1: off their heads. In response, the Sikoten turned immediately on 264 00:19:26,840 --> 00:19:29,840 Speaker 1: the newcomers, but their weapons were no match for the 265 00:19:29,880 --> 00:19:33,800 Speaker 1: firepower of the English soldiers and was soon sent scattering 266 00:19:33,800 --> 00:19:37,960 Speaker 1: into the trees for shelter. Though Lane had managed to 267 00:19:38,040 --> 00:19:41,440 Speaker 1: stop them from getting word to Winjanna, it was now 268 00:19:41,520 --> 00:19:46,240 Speaker 1: or never. When Lane arrived at winjoun As settlement later 269 00:19:46,280 --> 00:19:50,359 Speaker 1: that night, along with twenty seven armed men and Manteo 270 00:19:50,480 --> 00:19:53,880 Speaker 1: at his side. He informed the chieftain that they were 271 00:19:53,920 --> 00:19:58,640 Speaker 1: merely passing through before heading on to crow Aten. None 272 00:19:58,640 --> 00:20:02,440 Speaker 1: the less, Win invited them in to rest for a while. 273 00:20:04,240 --> 00:20:07,080 Speaker 1: The chief led Lane and the twenty seven men inside 274 00:20:07,680 --> 00:20:10,159 Speaker 1: before taking a seat on the floor, where he was 275 00:20:10,200 --> 00:20:15,040 Speaker 1: surrounded by eight of his most trusted advisers. When Lane 276 00:20:15,080 --> 00:20:18,199 Speaker 1: and his men showed little sign of joining him, he 277 00:20:18,280 --> 00:20:22,720 Speaker 1: knew exactly why they had really come. At the cry 278 00:20:22,720 --> 00:20:27,480 Speaker 1: of Christ our victory, the English raised their muskets and 279 00:20:27,640 --> 00:20:30,240 Speaker 1: fired a volley of shots into the circle of elders, 280 00:20:31,800 --> 00:20:34,679 Speaker 1: stopping for a moment to give Manteo the chance to 281 00:20:34,720 --> 00:20:38,879 Speaker 1: rescue any of his friends. Lane then ordered a second 282 00:20:38,960 --> 00:20:46,360 Speaker 1: volley of gunfire. Miraculously, Wingina, having anticipated the attack, had 283 00:20:46,400 --> 00:20:49,879 Speaker 1: managed to survive the first wave before getting shot in 284 00:20:49,920 --> 00:20:52,080 Speaker 1: the back of the leg. As he ran into the 285 00:20:52,080 --> 00:20:56,680 Speaker 1: surrounding forest, he was swiftly followed by two of Lane's men, 286 00:20:57,320 --> 00:20:59,240 Speaker 1: who did their best to keep up with him in 287 00:20:59,280 --> 00:21:02,800 Speaker 1: their cumbersome armor as he darted lithely between the trees. 288 00:21:05,000 --> 00:21:09,600 Speaker 1: Sometime later, as Lane surveyed the damage, the bleeding corpses 289 00:21:09,600 --> 00:21:13,680 Speaker 1: of the tribe's elders strung out on the floor before him, 290 00:21:13,760 --> 00:21:18,280 Speaker 1: the two soldiers returned from out of the forest. Clutched 291 00:21:18,280 --> 00:21:20,840 Speaker 1: in the hands of one of them was the severed 292 00:21:20,840 --> 00:21:30,760 Speaker 1: head of Chieftain Wingina. It was the second week of 293 00:21:30,880 --> 00:21:34,280 Speaker 1: June before Captain Stafford and his men arrived back at 294 00:21:34,280 --> 00:21:39,439 Speaker 1: the English fort on Roanoke, completely exhausted and bearing unexpected news. 295 00:21:41,240 --> 00:21:44,879 Speaker 1: Having set off back toward Roanoke some weeks before, his 296 00:21:45,000 --> 00:21:47,760 Speaker 1: men had spotted ships approaching from out of the east, 297 00:21:49,119 --> 00:21:52,000 Speaker 1: Fearing they might be Spanish vessels, that had been much 298 00:21:52,040 --> 00:21:55,560 Speaker 1: rejoicing on discovering the English flags flying from their masts. 299 00:21:57,240 --> 00:22:00,800 Speaker 1: The vast fleet, numbering twenty three ships in tow had 300 00:22:00,800 --> 00:22:03,720 Speaker 1: sailed up from the Caribbean under the guidance of Sir 301 00:22:03,800 --> 00:22:07,919 Speaker 1: Francis Drake. Drake had originally been sent to rescue a 302 00:22:07,920 --> 00:22:10,880 Speaker 1: fleet of English grain ships that were being held captive 303 00:22:10,960 --> 00:22:15,560 Speaker 1: by the Spanish crown. After completing the task, however, he 304 00:22:15,600 --> 00:22:18,840 Speaker 1: took the opportunity to head to the Caribbean in search 305 00:22:18,880 --> 00:22:24,439 Speaker 1: of Spanish merchants and colonial towns to plunder. Whilst there, 306 00:22:24,920 --> 00:22:27,240 Speaker 1: he had caught wind of the King of Spain's plot 307 00:22:27,520 --> 00:22:31,280 Speaker 1: to locate the English settlement at Roanoke and have it destroyed. 308 00:22:32,800 --> 00:22:35,880 Speaker 1: Drake had considered it his duty to come to their rescue. 309 00:22:37,920 --> 00:22:40,840 Speaker 1: A few weeks later, with Drake's fleet having made it 310 00:22:40,880 --> 00:22:43,879 Speaker 1: to the other end of the Outer Bank, Master Lane 311 00:22:44,080 --> 00:22:48,280 Speaker 1: was rode out to speak to them. Lane wasted no 312 00:22:48,400 --> 00:22:52,600 Speaker 1: time in outlining the dire situation and requested supplies to 313 00:22:52,720 --> 00:22:58,000 Speaker 1: last at least four months. Drake Dulie agreed, going even 314 00:22:58,040 --> 00:23:01,399 Speaker 1: further by offering two captains and one of his ships, 315 00:23:01,480 --> 00:23:05,560 Speaker 1: named the Francis, to help further secure the Roanoke settlement. 316 00:23:07,160 --> 00:23:10,720 Speaker 1: With the Francis freshly loaded, Drake ordered its captain and 317 00:23:10,840 --> 00:23:14,600 Speaker 1: crew to join Lane's group, but just as they were 318 00:23:14,640 --> 00:23:18,480 Speaker 1: about to begin unloading the vessel, a violent storm ripped 319 00:23:18,520 --> 00:23:21,680 Speaker 1: across the coast, scattering the Francis and a number of 320 00:23:21,760 --> 00:23:26,320 Speaker 1: Drake's fleet back into the Atlantic. By the time the 321 00:23:26,400 --> 00:23:30,280 Speaker 1: storm had abated, Lane and Drake realized that the Francis 322 00:23:30,600 --> 00:23:34,639 Speaker 1: was nowhere to be seen, its crew having clearly not 323 00:23:34,760 --> 00:23:39,680 Speaker 1: fancied its chances in the New World. With Drake only 324 00:23:39,720 --> 00:23:42,560 Speaker 1: able to offer one other boat that was too cumbersome 325 00:23:42,600 --> 00:23:46,080 Speaker 1: for navigating the shallows of the Pamlico Sound, and the 326 00:23:46,119 --> 00:23:51,480 Speaker 1: additional supplies now gone, Lane realized their race was run. 327 00:23:52,560 --> 00:23:56,919 Speaker 1: Calling all the colonists together with a heavy heart, Lane 328 00:23:56,960 --> 00:24:00,320 Speaker 1: gave them their choices. Either stay there as they were 329 00:24:00,800 --> 00:24:03,640 Speaker 1: and wait for the next supply ship to arrive, whenever 330 00:24:03,680 --> 00:24:07,640 Speaker 1: that might be, or give up and return to England. 331 00:24:08,560 --> 00:24:14,040 Speaker 1: The men didn't need asking twice. Before the month was out, 332 00:24:14,440 --> 00:24:18,199 Speaker 1: the first English colony in America had packed up whatever 333 00:24:18,240 --> 00:24:21,720 Speaker 1: possessions they had left and made their way onto one 334 00:24:21,720 --> 00:24:25,960 Speaker 1: of the waiting ships. Terrified that he would be blamed 335 00:24:26,040 --> 00:24:29,520 Speaker 1: for what the English had done, Manteo had little choice 336 00:24:29,560 --> 00:24:33,520 Speaker 1: but to join them. Two one chiefs had long since 337 00:24:33,600 --> 00:24:38,320 Speaker 1: made his escape back to his tribe to help make 338 00:24:38,400 --> 00:24:41,320 Speaker 1: room for the new cargo. Drake is thought to have 339 00:24:41,359 --> 00:24:45,280 Speaker 1: offloaded about five hundred slaves taken from North and West 340 00:24:45,320 --> 00:24:49,760 Speaker 1: Africa and South America. The individuals are said to have 341 00:24:49,800 --> 00:24:53,760 Speaker 1: been simply deposited on the Outer Bank and left for dead. 342 00:24:55,440 --> 00:24:58,440 Speaker 1: When Lane conducted a head count of the colonists, it 343 00:24:58,520 --> 00:25:01,760 Speaker 1: was discovered that three of them were with the weather 344 00:25:01,840 --> 00:25:04,720 Speaker 1: beginning to take another turn for the worst, and the 345 00:25:04,760 --> 00:25:08,480 Speaker 1: rest of the attempted settlers unwilling to spend another minute there, 346 00:25:09,200 --> 00:25:15,119 Speaker 1: the decision was made to abandon them. Moments later, Drake's fleet, 347 00:25:15,480 --> 00:25:20,119 Speaker 1: accompanied by Lane's failed colony, pulled up their sails and, 348 00:25:20,280 --> 00:25:24,560 Speaker 1: on catching the first winds available, powered on toward England. 349 00:25:31,680 --> 00:25:35,639 Speaker 1: Three days later, another vessel approached the northern edge of 350 00:25:35,640 --> 00:25:41,440 Speaker 1: the Outer Bank. The boat, captained by Richard Grenville, unbeknownst 351 00:25:41,440 --> 00:25:45,400 Speaker 1: to Master Lane and the recently vacated colonists, had been 352 00:25:45,440 --> 00:25:51,199 Speaker 1: sent by Walter Raleigh, packed with supplies to assist them. 353 00:25:51,240 --> 00:25:54,440 Speaker 1: Having made his way to the fort on Roanoke, Grenville 354 00:25:54,440 --> 00:25:57,840 Speaker 1: was devastated to find the place had been completely abandoned 355 00:25:58,240 --> 00:26:03,320 Speaker 1: and smashed up beyond recognition. After mounting a quick search 356 00:26:03,359 --> 00:26:08,200 Speaker 1: on the mainland, Grenville's men capture a Secotan tribesman, who 357 00:26:08,280 --> 00:26:11,840 Speaker 1: in broken English, explains that the colonists had been taken 358 00:26:11,880 --> 00:26:16,600 Speaker 1: away by a large number of ships. Though relieved that 359 00:26:16,600 --> 00:26:19,879 Speaker 1: the colony had not been murdered, Grenville is loath to 360 00:26:19,880 --> 00:26:23,040 Speaker 1: give up on the settlement after Lane's men had occupied 361 00:26:23,080 --> 00:26:27,359 Speaker 1: it for so long. Choosing fifteen men of his own 362 00:26:27,880 --> 00:26:30,520 Speaker 1: and placing them under the order of a man named 363 00:26:30,600 --> 00:26:34,919 Speaker 1: Master Coffin, Grenville demanded that they take up command of 364 00:26:34,920 --> 00:26:40,240 Speaker 1: the Roanoke fort immediately. The men were given enough supplies 365 00:26:40,280 --> 00:26:43,639 Speaker 1: for two years, as well as four cannons and some 366 00:26:43,800 --> 00:26:49,720 Speaker 1: muskets to defend themselves, and with that Grenville was gone 367 00:26:51,040 --> 00:26:56,280 Speaker 1: and the Roanoke Colony was reborn. For the moment at least. 368 00:27:00,240 --> 00:27:03,480 Speaker 1: You've been listening to part one of Unexplained, Season four, 369 00:27:03,600 --> 00:27:09,320 Speaker 1: episode thirteen, Lost in Stormy Visions. Part two will be 370 00:27:09,359 --> 00:27:18,240 Speaker 1: released next Friday, August ninth. If you enjoy listening to 371 00:27:18,320 --> 00:27:21,400 Speaker 1: Unexplained and would like to help support us, you can 372 00:27:21,400 --> 00:27:26,280 Speaker 1: now go to Unexplained podcast dot com forward slash support. 373 00:27:26,320 --> 00:27:30,560 Speaker 1: All donations, no matter how large or small, are massively appreciated. 374 00:27:32,400 --> 00:27:36,399 Speaker 1: All elements of Unexplained are produced by me Richard McClain Smith. 375 00:27:37,240 --> 00:27:40,400 Speaker 1: Please subscribe and rate the show on iTunes, and feel 376 00:27:40,440 --> 00:27:42,840 Speaker 1: free to get in touch with any thoughts or ideas 377 00:27:42,880 --> 00:27:46,399 Speaker 1: regarding the stories you've heard on the show. 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