WEBVTT - Why Are Hydrogen Peroxide Bottles Brown?

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<v Speaker 1>Welcome to brain Stuff from how Stuff Works, Hey, brain Stuff,

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<v Speaker 1>Lauren vocal bomb here. What do you get when you

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<v Speaker 1>combine two molecules of hydrogen and two molecules of oxygen, Well,

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<v Speaker 1>you get H two O two. More commonly known as

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<v Speaker 1>hydrogen peroxide, used in all kinds of industries from food

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<v Speaker 1>processing to papermaking, two textiles to electronics, peroxide is a

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<v Speaker 1>great disaffecting and bleaching agent. It's clear and colorless, and

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<v Speaker 1>when poured over an open wound, peroxide will kill many

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<v Speaker 1>types of microorganisms. It's also an extremely stable compound when

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<v Speaker 1>properly stored, which is why when you buy hydrogen peroxide

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<v Speaker 1>it usually comes in a brown plastic bottle. Here's why

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<v Speaker 1>many chemical compounds break down over time, and hydrogen peroxide

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<v Speaker 1>is no exception. Although it is extremely stable, the solution

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<v Speaker 1>can start to decompose when it comes in contact with

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<v Speaker 1>light and heat. The brown bottle in your medicine cabinet

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<v Speaker 1>is a bulwark against those two cattle lists. Light cannot

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<v Speaker 1>penetrate the tint of the brown bottle, preventing oxidation, which

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<v Speaker 1>you want to prevent because it can result in an

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<v Speaker 1>increase in temperature as peroxide breaks down. It gets hotter.

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<v Speaker 1>As a result, the compounds decomposition rate accelerates. In fact,

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<v Speaker 1>for every ten degree fahrenheit rise in temperature, the decomposition

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<v Speaker 1>rate nearly doubles, meaning that around seventy two degrees fahrenheit

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<v Speaker 1>that's about twenty two celsius, it decomposes at a rate

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<v Speaker 1>of one percent per year. But if it got up

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<v Speaker 1>to one fifty one degrees fahrenheit that's about sixty six celsius,

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<v Speaker 1>it would be decomposing at a rate of one percent

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<v Speaker 1>per week. By the time it hit the boiling point

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<v Speaker 1>of water, it would be going at nearly two percent

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<v Speaker 1>per day. Moreover, some sort of contaminants such as dust, silver, lead,

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<v Speaker 1>or another metal, gets into the solution, it can spark

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<v Speaker 1>a fire. Although the solution itself is not explosive. Those

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<v Speaker 1>in the industry must handle hydrogen peroxide with care. If

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<v Speaker 1>the solution is in a closed system, such as a

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<v Speaker 1>storage tank, and it starts to break down, press share

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<v Speaker 1>can build up, causing the tank or a pipe or

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<v Speaker 1>line to rupture. The good news is that the bottle

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<v Speaker 1>of peroxide in your medicine cabinet only contains about a

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<v Speaker 1>three percent solution, far less than that the food industry uses,

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<v Speaker 1>for example. You may also notice the peroxide never comes

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<v Speaker 1>in a clear glass container. That's because glass bottles may

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<v Speaker 1>contain dissolved alkali metal ions that can react with the solution.

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<v Speaker 1>Today's episode was written by John Paritano and produced by

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<v Speaker 1>Tyler Klang. Speaking of containers, you can find some with

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<v Speaker 1>the brainstuff logo and other designs in our online shop

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<v Speaker 1>at t public dot com slash Brainstuff, and of course,

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<v Speaker 1>for more on this and lots of other carefully handled topics,

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<v Speaker 1>visit our home planet, has stuff works dot com.