1 00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:04,600 Speaker 1: Welcome to Noble Blood, a production of iHeartRadio and Grimm 2 00:00:04,640 --> 00:00:10,440 Speaker 1: and Mild from Aaron Manky. Listener discretion advised. If you've 3 00:00:10,440 --> 00:00:14,560 Speaker 1: watched the television show Outlander, the theme song is probably 4 00:00:14,840 --> 00:00:18,320 Speaker 1: very familiar to you by this point. It's a version 5 00:00:18,520 --> 00:00:23,400 Speaker 1: of an old tune called the sky Boat Song. I'll 6 00:00:23,400 --> 00:00:27,120 Speaker 1: spare you my singing, but the lyrics go, sing me 7 00:00:27,200 --> 00:00:30,680 Speaker 1: a song of a lass that is gone? Say could 8 00:00:30,720 --> 00:00:34,600 Speaker 1: that lass be I Mary of Soul? She sailed on 9 00:00:34,680 --> 00:00:39,760 Speaker 1: a day over the sea to sky. The entire tone 10 00:00:39,920 --> 00:00:44,440 Speaker 1: of the song is extremely fitting, eerie and melancholy and 11 00:00:44,920 --> 00:00:48,760 Speaker 1: a lass that is gone, perfect for a show about 12 00:00:48,800 --> 00:00:53,440 Speaker 1: a woman who disappears two hundred years through time. The 13 00:00:53,640 --> 00:00:58,840 Speaker 1: actual original song was slightly modified for the television show. 14 00:00:59,400 --> 00:01:02,520 Speaker 1: There have been a number of versions of the sky 15 00:01:02,800 --> 00:01:07,160 Speaker 1: Boat Song since it was composed in seventeen eighty two, 16 00:01:07,400 --> 00:01:11,640 Speaker 1: but the most popular lyrics come from the famous Scottish 17 00:01:11,800 --> 00:01:16,480 Speaker 1: novelist Robert Lewis Stephenson, the man who wrote Treasure Island 18 00:01:16,600 --> 00:01:20,880 Speaker 1: and created Doctor Jekyl and Mister Hyde. His poem from 19 00:01:20,920 --> 00:01:24,760 Speaker 1: eighteen ninety two actually goes, sing me a song of 20 00:01:24,800 --> 00:01:29,080 Speaker 1: a lad that is gone? Say could that lad be I. 21 00:01:30,040 --> 00:01:34,080 Speaker 1: It makes sense that Outlander changed the pronouns, given that 22 00:01:34,160 --> 00:01:38,040 Speaker 1: their television show is mostly about a woman. But the 23 00:01:38,480 --> 00:01:43,479 Speaker 1: Lad that Stephenson was referring to wasn't just a generic 24 00:01:43,680 --> 00:01:48,000 Speaker 1: character for a poem. He is a very specific lad. 25 00:01:48,560 --> 00:01:54,160 Speaker 1: Charles Edward Stewart or the Bonnie Prince Charlie. The sky 26 00:01:54,320 --> 00:01:58,880 Speaker 1: Boat Song became popular in the nineteenth century for evoking 27 00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:05,200 Speaker 1: a particular romantic event in Scottish history, Charles evading capture 28 00:02:05,280 --> 00:02:09,800 Speaker 1: after the Battle of Clawdon and sailing yes over the sea. 29 00:02:09,760 --> 00:02:10,840 Speaker 2: To the Isle of Sky. 30 00:02:12,080 --> 00:02:16,160 Speaker 3: Charles Stewart was the grandson of King James the Second 31 00:02:16,240 --> 00:02:20,040 Speaker 3: of England, who had been deposed after marrying a Catholic 32 00:02:20,080 --> 00:02:24,320 Speaker 3: woman and having a son who would presumably be raised Catholic, 33 00:02:24,800 --> 00:02:28,520 Speaker 3: and so in sixteen eighty eight, James was cast off 34 00:02:28,560 --> 00:02:32,480 Speaker 3: in favor of his daughter from his first marriage, Mary, 35 00:02:32,919 --> 00:02:37,760 Speaker 3: who had been raised Protestant and would rule alongside her husband, 36 00:02:38,120 --> 00:02:43,040 Speaker 3: William of Orange. William and Mary but not everyone was 37 00:02:43,240 --> 00:02:48,120 Speaker 3: thrilled by that changeover, particularly Catholic people and people who 38 00:02:48,120 --> 00:02:52,480 Speaker 3: believed that the divine right of kings and the hereditary 39 00:02:52,560 --> 00:02:55,960 Speaker 3: right to rule was granted by God and shouldn't be 40 00:02:56,080 --> 00:03:01,919 Speaker 3: messed around by anything as domestic as parliament. Charles Stewart, 41 00:03:02,240 --> 00:03:05,760 Speaker 3: the grandson that we're talking about, would have been the 42 00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:09,960 Speaker 3: legitimate heir to the throne if you follow that traditional 43 00:03:10,120 --> 00:03:15,120 Speaker 3: line of succession from father to son. His supporters called 44 00:03:15,200 --> 00:03:21,600 Speaker 3: him the Young Chevalier. His opponents called him the Young Pretender. Nowadays, 45 00:03:21,720 --> 00:03:25,280 Speaker 3: most people casually familiar with him know him as the 46 00:03:25,320 --> 00:03:30,840 Speaker 3: Banni Prince Charlie. Charles led a rebellion to claim back 47 00:03:31,000 --> 00:03:34,239 Speaker 3: the throne of Great Britain on behalf of his father, 48 00:03:34,880 --> 00:03:39,760 Speaker 3: culminating in the bloody Battle of Clawdon in seventeen forty six. 49 00:03:40,520 --> 00:03:43,120 Speaker 3: If you've watched Outlander, then you don't need me to 50 00:03:43,200 --> 00:03:46,360 Speaker 3: tell you. But the battle did not go well for 51 00:03:46,720 --> 00:03:52,200 Speaker 3: Charles and his supporters, the Jacobites, named for the latinization 52 00:03:52,600 --> 00:03:58,280 Speaker 3: of James, the deposed king. It was a terrible defeat, 53 00:03:58,720 --> 00:04:02,240 Speaker 3: and only because charles advisers pulled him away from the 54 00:04:02,240 --> 00:04:07,480 Speaker 3: fray did the Young Prince survive. But surviving the battle 55 00:04:07,640 --> 00:04:12,600 Speaker 3: wouldn't be enough. British forces were desperate to find him trader, 56 00:04:12,640 --> 00:04:15,280 Speaker 3: who might rally another uprising at any moment. 57 00:04:15,920 --> 00:04:17,160 Speaker 2: Charles needed to. 58 00:04:17,080 --> 00:04:20,919 Speaker 3: Get away to escape the British forces and make his 59 00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:24,200 Speaker 3: way to safety, at least temporarily, until he could make 60 00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:27,120 Speaker 3: it all the way to the security of France. A 61 00:04:27,240 --> 00:04:31,920 Speaker 3: sympathetic supporter had an idea. The supporter was a local 62 00:04:31,960 --> 00:04:36,200 Speaker 3: bureaucrat who could supply papers. What if Charles took a 63 00:04:36,240 --> 00:04:39,560 Speaker 3: boat to the Isle of Sky, an island to the 64 00:04:39,600 --> 00:04:44,240 Speaker 3: northwest of Mainland Scotland. The supporter's stepdaughter was a girl 65 00:04:44,320 --> 00:04:50,000 Speaker 3: named Flora MacDonald. They would disguise Charles as Flora's maid, 66 00:04:50,680 --> 00:04:55,880 Speaker 3: A risky strategy given Charles's masculine stature, but it was 67 00:04:55,960 --> 00:05:00,599 Speaker 3: the best plan they had. Hearts pounding salt lea over 68 00:05:00,640 --> 00:05:04,039 Speaker 3: the edge of the boat, Flora and the grandson of 69 00:05:04,120 --> 00:05:08,320 Speaker 3: the former King of England and Scotland, bobbed towards what 70 00:05:08,480 --> 00:05:13,000 Speaker 3: they hoped might be salvation. If they were caught, the 71 00:05:13,040 --> 00:05:18,840 Speaker 3: price would be imprisonment, death or worse. I'm Danas Schwartz 72 00:05:19,080 --> 00:05:26,200 Speaker 3: and this is noble blood. His grandfather might have been deposed, 73 00:05:26,400 --> 00:05:30,040 Speaker 3: but young Charles Edward Stewart still grew up like a 74 00:05:30,080 --> 00:05:33,599 Speaker 3: young prince. He was born in Rome on New Year's 75 00:05:33,600 --> 00:05:38,400 Speaker 3: Eve in seventeen twenty, the oldest son of James Francis 76 00:05:38,600 --> 00:05:42,560 Speaker 3: Edward himself, the only son of the former King James 77 00:05:42,600 --> 00:05:46,760 Speaker 3: the seventh and second seventh of Scotland, second of England. 78 00:05:47,440 --> 00:05:50,720 Speaker 3: Perhaps given the fact that the entire trajectory of his 79 00:05:50,760 --> 00:05:55,880 Speaker 3: life was changed by the conflict between Protestantism and Catholicism, 80 00:05:56,160 --> 00:06:00,360 Speaker 3: there was considerable attention given to how young Charge Carles 81 00:06:00,440 --> 00:06:04,080 Speaker 3: would be raised. At one point in his childhood, his 82 00:06:04,200 --> 00:06:10,440 Speaker 3: governor was gasp an Episcopalian, which caused so much anxiety 83 00:06:10,560 --> 00:06:14,960 Speaker 3: in Charles's mother, Clementina, that she asked the Pope himself 84 00:06:15,160 --> 00:06:18,239 Speaker 3: to weigh in to make sure that Charles would only 85 00:06:18,279 --> 00:06:21,640 Speaker 3: ever be given a Catholic tutor. To be fair, though 86 00:06:21,680 --> 00:06:24,040 Speaker 3: it doesn't seem like it took too much to make 87 00:06:24,080 --> 00:06:28,760 Speaker 3: Clementina anxious. In a sort of heartbreaking letter from Charles 88 00:06:28,839 --> 00:06:31,760 Speaker 3: when he was just eight years old, written to his father, 89 00:06:32,240 --> 00:06:34,760 Speaker 3: he wrote that he promised he wouldn't upset his mother 90 00:06:34,960 --> 00:06:40,680 Speaker 3: by jumping near her. Clementina and her nervous disposition alas 91 00:06:40,720 --> 00:06:44,320 Speaker 3: would not be long for this world. She died when 92 00:06:44,520 --> 00:06:48,320 Speaker 3: Charles was a teenager, after telling her son to never 93 00:06:48,400 --> 00:06:53,800 Speaker 3: desert his Catholic faith. The basics of Charles's childhood are 94 00:06:54,200 --> 00:06:58,680 Speaker 3: pretty standard prince fair. He was taught sports and languages, 95 00:06:58,920 --> 00:07:03,120 Speaker 3: dancing and music, and he certainly had the personality of 96 00:07:03,160 --> 00:07:07,320 Speaker 3: an entitled young prince. When he was thirteen, he physically 97 00:07:07,520 --> 00:07:11,200 Speaker 3: kicked one of his tutors and threatened to kill him 98 00:07:11,240 --> 00:07:14,680 Speaker 3: if he tried to discipline him. But aside from that 99 00:07:15,080 --> 00:07:20,560 Speaker 3: notable bout of adolescent petulance, Charles grew into an incredibly 100 00:07:20,800 --> 00:07:25,960 Speaker 3: charming figure. By all accounts, he was handsome and charismatic, 101 00:07:26,480 --> 00:07:29,520 Speaker 3: so much so that pretty much everyone who supported the 102 00:07:29,600 --> 00:07:34,720 Speaker 3: Jacobite cause realized they had something here, someone who could 103 00:07:34,800 --> 00:07:38,480 Speaker 3: serve as a figurehead for their movement, and a far 104 00:07:38,520 --> 00:07:43,680 Speaker 3: more compelling one than his old father. And so Charles 105 00:07:43,760 --> 00:07:48,880 Speaker 3: toured around Europe, making himself and his cause known, and 106 00:07:49,000 --> 00:07:50,400 Speaker 3: England was paying attention. 107 00:07:51,040 --> 00:07:53,400 Speaker 2: When Charles toured northern Italy and. 108 00:07:53,520 --> 00:07:57,560 Speaker 3: Was celebrated with elaborate parties in Venice, King George the 109 00:07:57,640 --> 00:08:02,040 Speaker 3: Second was so annoyed that he spelled the Venetian diplomats 110 00:08:02,080 --> 00:08:02,720 Speaker 3: from London. 111 00:08:03,600 --> 00:08:05,440 Speaker 2: In modern terms. 112 00:08:05,520 --> 00:08:10,040 Speaker 3: Charles became a master of his own personal brand. He 113 00:08:10,160 --> 00:08:13,840 Speaker 3: realized how powerful his image was, and he made sure 114 00:08:13,920 --> 00:08:18,120 Speaker 3: to wield it to his full advantage. In seventeen forty one, 115 00:08:18,200 --> 00:08:22,520 Speaker 3: he arrived at a ball, wearing Highland dress Scottish tartan 116 00:08:22,960 --> 00:08:24,520 Speaker 3: bedecked with jewels. 117 00:08:25,080 --> 00:08:27,120 Speaker 2: It was a very clear. 118 00:08:26,920 --> 00:08:32,240 Speaker 3: And really compelling message, emphasizing the nobility and purity of 119 00:08:32,320 --> 00:08:37,040 Speaker 3: his cause, appealing to his supporters in Scotland, and with 120 00:08:37,160 --> 00:08:41,240 Speaker 3: plenty of bling to evoke the splendor and glory that 121 00:08:41,440 --> 00:08:42,440 Speaker 3: a monarch should. 122 00:08:43,800 --> 00:08:46,040 Speaker 2: Charles was getting impatient. 123 00:08:46,720 --> 00:08:49,800 Speaker 3: He knew that there was support for him to reclaim 124 00:08:49,880 --> 00:08:54,680 Speaker 3: his family's crown. Support in France certainly, who would be 125 00:08:54,800 --> 00:08:58,600 Speaker 3: all too happy to see England's troops pulling back from 126 00:08:58,600 --> 00:09:01,200 Speaker 3: wars on the continent if they had to fight in 127 00:09:01,240 --> 00:09:04,480 Speaker 3: a civil war on their own island, And also support 128 00:09:04,520 --> 00:09:09,040 Speaker 3: among Catholics in Ireland and Scotland. And there was also 129 00:09:09,160 --> 00:09:13,839 Speaker 3: support in England Jacobites there who knew that Charles's father 130 00:09:14,160 --> 00:09:18,800 Speaker 3: was the rightful king. Charles just needed to consolidate that 131 00:09:18,960 --> 00:09:25,040 Speaker 3: support and actually, you know, fight. In seventeen forty four, 132 00:09:25,280 --> 00:09:28,760 Speaker 3: Louis the Fifteenth in France was poking around England on 133 00:09:28,960 --> 00:09:32,880 Speaker 3: a fact finding mission, trying to gauge just how much 134 00:09:33,000 --> 00:09:38,360 Speaker 3: Jacobite support there actually was there. If France invaded, would 135 00:09:38,400 --> 00:09:43,120 Speaker 3: English Jacobites join with them in the battle back in Italy, 136 00:09:43,640 --> 00:09:50,360 Speaker 3: Charles got word about France's support and supposed planned invasion. 137 00:09:51,040 --> 00:09:54,760 Speaker 3: What he heard was that France was definitely in to 138 00:09:54,960 --> 00:09:58,559 Speaker 3: back an invasion, and so he decided to take action. 139 00:09:59,400 --> 00:10:02,560 Speaker 3: In January of that year, he acted like he was 140 00:10:02,720 --> 00:10:06,520 Speaker 3: just leaving town on a hunting expedition, but that was 141 00:10:06,720 --> 00:10:11,079 Speaker 3: just to fool the British spies who might be watching him. Really, 142 00:10:11,360 --> 00:10:14,880 Speaker 3: Charles was on his way to France, acting as prince 143 00:10:14,960 --> 00:10:19,160 Speaker 3: regent for his father, taking his first steps to restore 144 00:10:19,320 --> 00:10:24,200 Speaker 3: their throne. Leaving Italy would actually be the last time 145 00:10:24,480 --> 00:10:30,160 Speaker 3: Charles would ever see his father again. It was a dangerous, 146 00:10:30,400 --> 00:10:34,160 Speaker 3: risky trip from Italy to France. There was first a 147 00:10:34,240 --> 00:10:37,800 Speaker 3: delay because of the weather, and as Charles was sailing 148 00:10:37,840 --> 00:10:42,320 Speaker 3: to Antibes, a British admiral saw his boat and gave chase. 149 00:10:42,960 --> 00:10:47,680 Speaker 3: Charles only managed to escape on luck and timing. Lucky 150 00:10:47,760 --> 00:10:51,120 Speaker 3: because the seas were rough, and he managed just in 151 00:10:51,160 --> 00:10:55,079 Speaker 3: a moment to get transferred secretly to another boat by 152 00:10:55,080 --> 00:10:57,280 Speaker 3: the French before the British. 153 00:10:56,880 --> 00:10:58,120 Speaker 2: Could find him. 154 00:10:58,400 --> 00:11:02,240 Speaker 3: But the ruse of his hunting party that was up 155 00:11:02,640 --> 00:11:05,600 Speaker 3: the British knew that Charles was in France and that 156 00:11:05,800 --> 00:11:09,800 Speaker 3: an invasion might be imminent, and now they were on guard. 157 00:11:10,640 --> 00:11:14,440 Speaker 3: Louis the Fifteenth was furious at Charles about all of this. 158 00:11:14,640 --> 00:11:18,360 Speaker 3: For the record, he hadn't even actually planned an invasion, 159 00:11:18,800 --> 00:11:23,640 Speaker 3: and now this impertinent, risky target just shows up demanding 160 00:11:23,760 --> 00:11:27,160 Speaker 3: troops to join him in England. Well, maybe he would 161 00:11:27,240 --> 00:11:31,640 Speaker 3: have invaded if Charles's little escape maneuver hadn't tipped off 162 00:11:31,679 --> 00:11:35,880 Speaker 3: the British. But now that Charles was actually in France, 163 00:11:36,160 --> 00:11:39,400 Speaker 3: Louis found that he had cold feet, it would be 164 00:11:39,440 --> 00:11:43,520 Speaker 3: a lot less trouble for everyone. Louis thought if Charles 165 00:11:43,760 --> 00:11:47,640 Speaker 3: just went back to Italy and wasn't hanging around France 166 00:11:47,920 --> 00:11:53,920 Speaker 3: racking up debts. But that wasn't Charles's style at all. Remember, 167 00:11:54,240 --> 00:11:58,120 Speaker 3: he was a man of action, and he didn't understand 168 00:11:58,200 --> 00:12:01,120 Speaker 3: why France wasn't just ready to go along with him. 169 00:12:01,679 --> 00:12:06,559 Speaker 3: He began making grand declarations, saying, if France isn't willing 170 00:12:06,640 --> 00:12:10,800 Speaker 3: to send troops, I'll sail over to Scotland by canoe, 171 00:12:10,840 --> 00:12:15,079 Speaker 3: even as intelligence came back and advisers told him that 172 00:12:15,200 --> 00:12:18,839 Speaker 3: English Jacobites wouldn't really be rising up to join him 173 00:12:18,960 --> 00:12:23,560 Speaker 3: unless he had the force of French support, Charles was undeterred. 174 00:12:24,520 --> 00:12:30,160 Speaker 3: Despite the ambivalence of the French Crown, Charles pressed forward 175 00:12:30,559 --> 00:12:34,640 Speaker 3: and he raised enough money to equip a small expedition 176 00:12:34,880 --> 00:12:39,800 Speaker 3: to Scotland, using the crown jewels from his mother's ancestral 177 00:12:39,880 --> 00:12:44,280 Speaker 3: line in Poland to secure loans. Nothing was going to 178 00:12:44,320 --> 00:12:48,439 Speaker 3: stop Charles from acting. Even when he sent a nobleman 179 00:12:48,520 --> 00:12:51,480 Speaker 3: ahead of him to try to raise as much Scottish 180 00:12:51,520 --> 00:12:54,800 Speaker 3: support as he could, and then that nobleman was captured 181 00:12:54,840 --> 00:12:59,040 Speaker 3: and imprisoned, it wasn't going to deter Charles. In the 182 00:12:59,120 --> 00:13:03,200 Speaker 3: early summer of seventeen forty five, Charles set out with 183 00:13:03,320 --> 00:13:06,720 Speaker 3: two ships, a man of war called the Elizabeth and 184 00:13:06,920 --> 00:13:12,160 Speaker 3: a smaller sixteen gun privateer, but this too would prove 185 00:13:12,280 --> 00:13:16,360 Speaker 3: to be a challenging sea journey. A British ship, the Lion, 186 00:13:16,800 --> 00:13:20,640 Speaker 3: attacked the Elizabeth, and though Charles was luckily safely on 187 00:13:20,720 --> 00:13:24,880 Speaker 3: the smaller privateer, the Elizabeth had to return to port 188 00:13:25,160 --> 00:13:28,720 Speaker 3: for repairs, taking a lot of Charles's. 189 00:13:28,240 --> 00:13:29,400 Speaker 2: Artillery with it. 190 00:13:30,040 --> 00:13:34,280 Speaker 3: But still Charles made it to Scotland, and though the 191 00:13:34,400 --> 00:13:38,960 Speaker 3: reception he got from local clan leaders was slightly cooler 192 00:13:39,000 --> 00:13:41,800 Speaker 3: than he might have hoped for, given that they were 193 00:13:41,920 --> 00:13:44,920 Speaker 3: expecting him to show up with the force of France 194 00:13:45,000 --> 00:13:49,080 Speaker 3: behind him, he still managed to gather some support and 195 00:13:49,280 --> 00:13:53,160 Speaker 3: man power, especially after the public bravery of a young 196 00:13:53,320 --> 00:14:01,160 Speaker 3: nobleman pledging his loyalty named delightfully Ranald MacDonald. Charles, a 197 00:14:01,240 --> 00:14:05,000 Speaker 3: master of his personal brand, if not a master of logistics, 198 00:14:05,480 --> 00:14:11,360 Speaker 3: began taking Gaelic lessons and support slowly consolidated, especially as 199 00:14:11,400 --> 00:14:15,840 Speaker 3: he and his troops made some progress against British dragoons. 200 00:14:16,720 --> 00:14:21,120 Speaker 3: When Charles entered Edinburgh, it was with twenty four hundred 201 00:14:21,280 --> 00:14:25,000 Speaker 3: men he defeated the British forces led by Sir John 202 00:14:25,120 --> 00:14:29,840 Speaker 3: Cope at the Battle of Preston Pans. Charles fighting alongside 203 00:14:29,880 --> 00:14:33,520 Speaker 3: his men on the front lines, and morale was finally 204 00:14:33,640 --> 00:14:38,360 Speaker 3: booying in his favor. Charles spent five weeks hold up 205 00:14:38,400 --> 00:14:43,720 Speaker 3: at Holyrood Palace near Edinburgh, waiting for reinforcements and organizing 206 00:14:43,760 --> 00:14:49,080 Speaker 3: his counselors into a formal advisory group. He issued declarations 207 00:14:49,160 --> 00:14:55,280 Speaker 3: against the British Parliament, calling it an unlawful assembly. Really, remember, 208 00:14:55,440 --> 00:14:59,400 Speaker 3: Charles's main goal here was to take back the throne 209 00:14:59,600 --> 00:15:03,680 Speaker 3: that he thinks belongs to his father, which means going 210 00:15:03,720 --> 00:15:06,920 Speaker 3: to England to claim it. You've got to drive out 211 00:15:06,920 --> 00:15:11,000 Speaker 3: the sitting monarchy in England for that to happen. But 212 00:15:11,240 --> 00:15:15,800 Speaker 3: among Charles's counselors in Scotland, plenty of them were content 213 00:15:16,040 --> 00:15:19,280 Speaker 3: enough to leave well Enough alone at least for the 214 00:15:19,360 --> 00:15:23,800 Speaker 3: time being, and just stay put in Scotland with their 215 00:15:23,920 --> 00:15:29,400 Speaker 3: consolidating power. It's a mentality sometimes referred to as quote 216 00:15:29,680 --> 00:15:34,600 Speaker 3: Fortress Scotland. Ultimately, it wasn't that great of a long 217 00:15:34,680 --> 00:15:38,840 Speaker 3: term strategy, given the fact that England has vast reserves 218 00:15:38,880 --> 00:15:41,880 Speaker 3: of money and a Royal Navy at its disposal to 219 00:15:42,000 --> 00:15:46,400 Speaker 3: implement a blockade. It was winner takes all, and marching 220 00:15:46,440 --> 00:15:50,640 Speaker 3: on London was the best way to win. But Charles 221 00:15:50,800 --> 00:15:54,720 Speaker 3: wasn't going to make these decisions unilaterally. He put it 222 00:15:54,840 --> 00:15:58,840 Speaker 3: up for a vote in his council, either march on 223 00:15:59,000 --> 00:16:05,280 Speaker 3: London or stay in Scotland, and it passed going to England, 224 00:16:05,640 --> 00:16:09,720 Speaker 3: albeit only with one vote. A force of about six 225 00:16:10,000 --> 00:16:14,160 Speaker 3: thousand men marched down to Carlisle, a city in England 226 00:16:14,200 --> 00:16:18,520 Speaker 3: in the Cumberland region. The city surrendered and Charles got 227 00:16:18,560 --> 00:16:23,160 Speaker 3: to ride high literally through the city on a white horse. 228 00:16:23,960 --> 00:16:28,400 Speaker 3: The Jacobite force should have been buoyed by optimism, but 229 00:16:28,560 --> 00:16:33,880 Speaker 3: the cracks were beginning to show. Despite early victories. By 230 00:16:33,920 --> 00:16:36,960 Speaker 3: the time the Jacobite force made it down to Derby, 231 00:16:37,520 --> 00:16:42,920 Speaker 3: people were losing confidence in Charles. Where were the English 232 00:16:43,000 --> 00:16:46,040 Speaker 3: Jacobites that were supposed to rise up and support them, 233 00:16:46,560 --> 00:16:50,400 Speaker 3: and for that matter, where were the French troops. Didn't 234 00:16:50,600 --> 00:16:55,440 Speaker 3: Charles promise them that French support would be coming. When pressed, 235 00:16:55,760 --> 00:17:00,680 Speaker 3: Charles was forced to admit, no, he doesn't actually have 236 00:17:00,840 --> 00:17:05,199 Speaker 3: any physical evidence of that commitment, and no, he hasn't 237 00:17:05,240 --> 00:17:09,160 Speaker 3: really been in touch per se with the English Jacobites 238 00:17:09,320 --> 00:17:14,840 Speaker 3: or French recently. Still, Charles wanted to continue down on 239 00:17:14,920 --> 00:17:19,760 Speaker 3: the march to London. His council insisted that despite the 240 00:17:19,760 --> 00:17:22,919 Speaker 3: fact that they haven't lost a battle, they need to 241 00:17:23,040 --> 00:17:27,439 Speaker 3: retreat and march back to Scotland, and so, with no 242 00:17:27,680 --> 00:17:33,000 Speaker 3: other choice, Charles acquiesced to his advisors and the Scottish 243 00:17:33,040 --> 00:17:39,520 Speaker 3: invasion force marched home. It's one of the great ironnees 244 00:17:39,600 --> 00:17:46,280 Speaker 3: of history that actually, at the time London was astonishingly undefended. 245 00:17:46,880 --> 00:17:47,920 Speaker 2: It was defended at. 246 00:17:47,800 --> 00:17:52,000 Speaker 3: That time only by about two thousand regulars, and had 247 00:17:52,200 --> 00:17:56,040 Speaker 3: Charles and his men marched down there probably wouldn't have 248 00:17:56,080 --> 00:17:59,879 Speaker 3: been enough time for British reinforcements to come in. If 249 00:18:00,000 --> 00:18:03,200 Speaker 3: if Charles and his men had done what Charles had 250 00:18:03,240 --> 00:18:06,399 Speaker 3: wanted and they had pressed ahead, would they have been 251 00:18:06,440 --> 00:18:11,520 Speaker 3: able to take London. It's extremely plausible, but of course 252 00:18:11,680 --> 00:18:14,880 Speaker 3: they didn't have that intelligence at the time to know 253 00:18:15,040 --> 00:18:20,120 Speaker 3: how undefended London was, and what ifs don't matter when 254 00:18:20,119 --> 00:18:25,480 Speaker 3: it comes to things that actually happened. Charles, now glum 255 00:18:25,680 --> 00:18:30,920 Speaker 3: and feeling powerless and a little humiliated, drank and idled 256 00:18:30,920 --> 00:18:35,000 Speaker 3: his way through the retreat. At Bannockburn, he fell ill 257 00:18:35,200 --> 00:18:37,280 Speaker 3: and for a week and a half he was nursed 258 00:18:37,280 --> 00:18:42,080 Speaker 3: by a woman named Clementine Walkinshaw. Ironically, she was named 259 00:18:42,119 --> 00:18:46,720 Speaker 3: after Charles's mother. In a slightly edible twist, she would 260 00:18:46,800 --> 00:18:52,440 Speaker 3: become Charles's mistress. From that point, the fire of Charles's 261 00:18:52,480 --> 00:18:57,800 Speaker 3: motivation began to slowly fade. His commanders told him that 262 00:18:57,840 --> 00:19:01,199 Speaker 3: there was a massive desertion rate among his army, and 263 00:19:01,320 --> 00:19:05,400 Speaker 3: so they retreated, although Charles will later discover that there 264 00:19:05,400 --> 00:19:09,560 Speaker 3: weren't as many desertions as were reported to him. Charles 265 00:19:09,720 --> 00:19:13,040 Speaker 3: feels like his council is cowardly and that they lack 266 00:19:13,160 --> 00:19:13,840 Speaker 3: his conviction. 267 00:19:14,760 --> 00:19:15,320 Speaker 2: He and his. 268 00:19:15,240 --> 00:19:19,560 Speaker 3: Supporters will try to sieze Stirling Castle, which is ultimately 269 00:19:19,600 --> 00:19:24,840 Speaker 3: a failure, and move north. The last town they ever 270 00:19:24,960 --> 00:19:29,560 Speaker 3: occupy is Inverness, and from there they would face the 271 00:19:29,600 --> 00:19:33,479 Speaker 3: battle that has lived in infamy as the failure that 272 00:19:33,600 --> 00:19:38,119 Speaker 3: puts an end to this entire uprising, the Battle of Clawden. 273 00:19:39,240 --> 00:19:43,159 Speaker 3: As with any important historical battle, plenty of people have 274 00:19:43,240 --> 00:19:47,400 Speaker 3: written about the mistakes Charles made and things he could 275 00:19:47,440 --> 00:19:53,360 Speaker 3: have done differently. One big mistake was fighting on slow, boggy, 276 00:19:53,600 --> 00:19:58,200 Speaker 3: flat ground, which allowed the British clear lines of fire 277 00:19:58,680 --> 00:20:03,119 Speaker 3: and made the Jacobites soldiers slow on their charge. The 278 00:20:03,200 --> 00:20:07,200 Speaker 3: Jacobites also had waited a while before their first charge, 279 00:20:07,640 --> 00:20:12,159 Speaker 3: hoping the British would attack first, and that probably wasn't 280 00:20:12,200 --> 00:20:15,560 Speaker 3: a great move. Given that the British could just fire 281 00:20:15,720 --> 00:20:20,639 Speaker 3: artillery at them, it really wasn't too damaging, although two 282 00:20:20,760 --> 00:20:26,800 Speaker 3: of Charles's messengers did get decapitated by cannonballs one after another, 283 00:20:27,400 --> 00:20:32,600 Speaker 3: which probably wasn't great for morale. By the time the 284 00:20:32,680 --> 00:20:37,679 Speaker 3: Jacobites advanced, Charles almost certainly knew that it was pretty 285 00:20:37,720 --> 00:20:42,080 Speaker 3: much a lost cause. Another podcast or any number of 286 00:20:42,240 --> 00:20:45,920 Speaker 3: history books can give you an incredibly detailed play by 287 00:20:46,000 --> 00:20:50,040 Speaker 3: play of exactly how the bloody battle came to be, 288 00:20:50,760 --> 00:20:55,439 Speaker 3: but just know the basics. The messy Jacobite charge was 289 00:20:55,600 --> 00:20:59,520 Speaker 3: thinned by British canister shot, and then the British troops 290 00:20:59,520 --> 00:21:04,760 Speaker 3: closed in and sealed the deal. Charles gave a save 291 00:21:04,840 --> 00:21:08,600 Speaker 3: yourself if you can order to his supporters, and though 292 00:21:08,640 --> 00:21:11,800 Speaker 3: he tried to stay on the field and keep fighting, 293 00:21:12,240 --> 00:21:16,280 Speaker 3: he was ultimately pulled away by his officers, who managed 294 00:21:16,320 --> 00:21:20,960 Speaker 3: to get him to safety. Well safety for the time being. 295 00:21:21,680 --> 00:21:26,240 Speaker 3: Charles was a wanted man, a very wanted man, and 296 00:21:26,480 --> 00:21:30,760 Speaker 3: British troops were scouring Scotland trying to find him. 297 00:21:31,160 --> 00:21:36,560 Speaker 2: Charles needed to get away and quickly. There was a reward. 298 00:21:36,240 --> 00:21:40,920 Speaker 3: For any Highlander who would turn him in thirty thousand pounds. 299 00:21:41,400 --> 00:21:46,240 Speaker 3: Who could he trust? Where could he go? This brings 300 00:21:46,320 --> 00:21:50,600 Speaker 3: us to Flora MacDonald. Though you might have expected a 301 00:21:50,720 --> 00:21:55,040 Speaker 3: heroine of the Jacobite rebellion to be Catholic, Flora's family 302 00:21:55,240 --> 00:21:58,680 Speaker 3: was actually part of the Protestant minority of the area 303 00:21:58,720 --> 00:22:02,600 Speaker 3: in Scotland where she lived. Her father had died when 304 00:22:02,640 --> 00:22:06,320 Speaker 3: she was a baby, and her stepfather, Hugh, worked as 305 00:22:06,640 --> 00:22:09,920 Speaker 3: basically a civil servant on behalf of the British government, 306 00:22:10,600 --> 00:22:14,439 Speaker 3: but he was also a Jacobite sympathizer, empathizing with the 307 00:22:14,600 --> 00:22:18,560 Speaker 3: romantic struggle of a valiant prince trying to evade capture. 308 00:22:19,320 --> 00:22:23,719 Speaker 3: The British were closing in on Charles when Hugh emerged 309 00:22:23,840 --> 00:22:27,399 Speaker 3: with an idea. Charles could sail off to the Isle 310 00:22:27,440 --> 00:22:31,280 Speaker 3: of Sky, the Scottish island to the northwest of the mainland. 311 00:22:31,720 --> 00:22:35,280 Speaker 3: How would he do it, well, Hugh said the Prince 312 00:22:35,320 --> 00:22:39,920 Speaker 3: could sail with his stepdaughter Flora, posing as her servant. 313 00:22:40,720 --> 00:22:44,240 Speaker 3: Flora was twenty four years old at this point, and 314 00:22:44,400 --> 00:22:49,679 Speaker 3: her stepfather had just volunteered her for an incredibly dangerous job. 315 00:22:50,280 --> 00:22:54,000 Speaker 3: When Flora first heard the plan, she was a little reluctant, 316 00:22:54,560 --> 00:22:57,960 Speaker 3: not because she was scared of danger, but because although 317 00:22:58,000 --> 00:23:01,199 Speaker 3: she was engaged, she was un married and she was 318 00:23:01,240 --> 00:23:03,480 Speaker 3: worried that it would be indecent for her to be 319 00:23:03,600 --> 00:23:07,399 Speaker 3: traveling with a man. Flora didn't really see what she 320 00:23:07,520 --> 00:23:11,399 Speaker 3: was doing as a grand act of Jacobite rebellion. She 321 00:23:11,560 --> 00:23:14,040 Speaker 3: said she helped Charles because. 322 00:23:13,680 --> 00:23:15,359 Speaker 2: He was a human being in need. 323 00:23:16,000 --> 00:23:19,240 Speaker 3: Years later, she would tell Frederick, the Prince of Wales, 324 00:23:19,720 --> 00:23:23,040 Speaker 3: that she would have done the same for him because 325 00:23:23,040 --> 00:23:26,160 Speaker 3: of Hugh's position in the local government. He was able 326 00:23:26,200 --> 00:23:30,280 Speaker 3: to get the appropriate papers for Flora and for quote 327 00:23:30,400 --> 00:23:36,719 Speaker 3: Betty Burke, Flora's female servant and Irish seamstress. It was 328 00:23:36,840 --> 00:23:40,640 Speaker 3: a pretty risky gambit, given that Charles was a fairly 329 00:23:40,880 --> 00:23:45,280 Speaker 3: tall man with a stature that did not immediately read female, 330 00:23:45,720 --> 00:23:49,800 Speaker 3: but the disguise served its purpose well enough. The pair 331 00:23:50,040 --> 00:23:52,920 Speaker 3: landed at Trotternish and made their way to the house 332 00:23:52,960 --> 00:23:59,600 Speaker 3: of their contact, Lady Margaret MacDonald, only to find something terrifying. 333 00:24:00,680 --> 00:24:04,919 Speaker 3: She just happened to be entertaining a military officer in 334 00:24:04,960 --> 00:24:06,240 Speaker 3: her house who. 335 00:24:06,280 --> 00:24:07,400 Speaker 2: Just stopped by. 336 00:24:08,320 --> 00:24:12,200 Speaker 3: Flora proved herself to be not only brave, but also 337 00:24:12,400 --> 00:24:17,400 Speaker 3: excellent under pressure. Flora kept the officer occupied while Charles 338 00:24:17,440 --> 00:24:21,680 Speaker 3: could get to safety. Few days later, Charles and Flora 339 00:24:21,800 --> 00:24:24,800 Speaker 3: made it to the city of Portry on Sky, where 340 00:24:24,840 --> 00:24:30,359 Speaker 3: they said there goodbye. Charles's escape would have a few 341 00:24:30,440 --> 00:24:34,520 Speaker 3: more twists and turns before he eventually sailed to safety 342 00:24:34,600 --> 00:24:38,640 Speaker 3: in France, once again disguised as a lady. Charles would 343 00:24:38,680 --> 00:24:41,119 Speaker 3: sail back to the mainland and then back to Sky 344 00:24:41,240 --> 00:24:44,119 Speaker 3: to evade capture, and at one point, while hiding in 345 00:24:44,200 --> 00:24:48,080 Speaker 3: the hills around Glenfinnon. He fell off a cliff and 346 00:24:48,200 --> 00:24:51,240 Speaker 3: only managed to survive because he was hanging onto a bush. 347 00:24:52,400 --> 00:24:56,440 Speaker 3: Flora would be captured for her role in helping a trader. 348 00:24:57,000 --> 00:25:00,520 Speaker 3: She was arrested and imprisoned in the Tower of London, 349 00:25:01,119 --> 00:25:06,399 Speaker 3: but it would be an incredibly brief captivity. Almost immediately 350 00:25:06,480 --> 00:25:09,800 Speaker 3: she was allowed to live outside the tower under supervision, 351 00:25:10,280 --> 00:25:12,920 Speaker 3: and then she was fully released after the Act of 352 00:25:13,000 --> 00:25:19,080 Speaker 3: Indemnity in June seventeen forty seven. Fascinatingly, despite the fact 353 00:25:19,160 --> 00:25:23,720 Speaker 3: that she had aided the Jacobite rebellion, Flora became something 354 00:25:23,760 --> 00:25:28,840 Speaker 3: of a causalleb among the well to do in London. Aristocrats, 355 00:25:28,960 --> 00:25:33,920 Speaker 3: enchanted by the story of a young woman's bravery, raised 356 00:25:33,960 --> 00:25:38,080 Speaker 3: over fifteen hundred pounds for her, a group of aristocrats 357 00:25:38,080 --> 00:25:43,080 Speaker 3: which actually included Frederick, the Prince of Wales, remember a 358 00:25:43,400 --> 00:25:47,960 Speaker 3: royal whom Charles had been trying to overthrow. By the 359 00:25:48,040 --> 00:25:53,680 Speaker 3: Victorian era, Flora MacDonald as a figure became woven into 360 00:25:53,760 --> 00:25:59,240 Speaker 3: a romanticized ideal of Scotland, along with Mary, Queen of Scotts, 361 00:25:59,359 --> 00:26:01,560 Speaker 3: and the Banni Prince Charlie himself. 362 00:26:02,240 --> 00:26:05,040 Speaker 2: She was a piece of folklore by that point. 363 00:26:05,080 --> 00:26:10,320 Speaker 3: Almost there's a Scottish Highland dance called Flora MacDonald's Fancy, 364 00:26:10,840 --> 00:26:14,080 Speaker 3: and a statue of her at Inverness Castle, which was 365 00:26:14,160 --> 00:26:16,600 Speaker 3: erected in eighteen ninety nine. 366 00:26:16,920 --> 00:26:18,160 Speaker 2: The Victorian era. 367 00:26:18,880 --> 00:26:22,960 Speaker 3: Flora is a part of a story of heroic underdogs 368 00:26:23,320 --> 00:26:28,200 Speaker 3: set among sweeping green glens. Not to be too cynical, 369 00:26:28,720 --> 00:26:32,840 Speaker 3: but for the English it's easier to romanticize the rebels 370 00:26:32,840 --> 00:26:36,480 Speaker 3: who rose up against them when those figures are safely 371 00:26:36,560 --> 00:26:40,440 Speaker 3: in the past, posing no real threats to their status quo. 372 00:26:41,240 --> 00:26:45,240 Speaker 3: An Englishman could read a book or poem about Flora MacDonald, 373 00:26:45,600 --> 00:26:49,640 Speaker 3: pat himself on the back for appreciating how stirring her 374 00:26:49,760 --> 00:26:54,840 Speaker 3: small moment of history was in beautiful, windswept Scotland, and 375 00:26:54,880 --> 00:27:00,560 Speaker 3: then continue on enjoying the cultural hegemony of England. Flora 376 00:27:00,920 --> 00:27:04,960 Speaker 3: never saw Charles again in her lifetime, although it's sometimes 377 00:27:04,960 --> 00:27:08,400 Speaker 3: said that before they parted ways in portrait, he gave 378 00:27:08,440 --> 00:27:10,200 Speaker 3: her a locket with his image. 379 00:27:10,840 --> 00:27:11,480 Speaker 2: If he did. 380 00:27:11,680 --> 00:27:14,720 Speaker 3: I like to imagine her looking at it, a memento 381 00:27:14,920 --> 00:27:18,160 Speaker 3: of a moment of youthful bravery on the national stage, 382 00:27:18,680 --> 00:27:22,240 Speaker 3: holding it in her hand to remind herself during the 383 00:27:22,400 --> 00:27:27,639 Speaker 3: drudgery of everyday life. The decades to come that on occasion, 384 00:27:28,200 --> 00:27:35,159 Speaker 3: circumstance might call upon you to become a romantic heroine. 385 00:27:35,920 --> 00:27:39,359 Speaker 3: That's the story of Bonnie Prince Charlie's Escape to Sky. 386 00:27:39,760 --> 00:27:43,160 Speaker 3: But keep listening after a brief sponsor break to hear 387 00:27:43,280 --> 00:27:54,280 Speaker 3: about Flora MacDonald's incredibly eventful life after Charles. At the 388 00:27:54,320 --> 00:27:57,280 Speaker 3: time of Flora's brave boat trip, she was engaged to 389 00:27:57,359 --> 00:28:01,240 Speaker 3: a man named Alan McDonald, who, like her stepfather, also 390 00:28:01,359 --> 00:28:05,520 Speaker 3: served the British. After the rigmarole, with Charles settled down, 391 00:28:05,920 --> 00:28:10,600 Speaker 3: Alan and Flora moved to Anson County, North Carolina. It's 392 00:28:10,600 --> 00:28:14,160 Speaker 3: a little ironic given that Flora is most famous for 393 00:28:14,200 --> 00:28:18,560 Speaker 3: an act abetting one of history's major rebellions against the British. 394 00:28:18,680 --> 00:28:22,320 Speaker 3: But when the American Revolutionary War broke out, her husband 395 00:28:22,359 --> 00:28:25,000 Speaker 3: was fighting on the side of the British. It didn't 396 00:28:25,000 --> 00:28:29,119 Speaker 3: turn out well for Flora and Alan. Alan was captured 397 00:28:29,200 --> 00:28:33,040 Speaker 3: and kept as a prisoner for eighteen months, and as loyalists, 398 00:28:33,440 --> 00:28:38,040 Speaker 3: their property was confiscated. Alan would move with Flora to 399 00:28:38,160 --> 00:28:41,800 Speaker 3: Nova Scotia, then as the commander of a regiment, but 400 00:28:41,880 --> 00:28:45,440 Speaker 3: after his service they found that the harsh Winters didn't 401 00:28:45,520 --> 00:28:46,280 Speaker 3: agree with them. 402 00:28:46,960 --> 00:28:47,880 Speaker 2: After all, of. 403 00:28:47,800 --> 00:28:52,719 Speaker 3: That, Alan and Flora sailed back across the ocean again, 404 00:28:53,400 --> 00:28:56,560 Speaker 3: back to sky, where Flora stayed for the rest of 405 00:28:56,600 --> 00:29:00,960 Speaker 3: her life. She's buried there now in Kilmore Cemetery, a 406 00:29:01,000 --> 00:29:05,400 Speaker 3: fitting end after a lot of global travel, to spend 407 00:29:05,480 --> 00:29:10,320 Speaker 3: eternity in the place of which she became an indelible symbol. 408 00:29:19,360 --> 00:29:23,200 Speaker 3: Noble Blood is a production of iHeartRadio and Grim and 409 00:29:23,280 --> 00:29:26,840 Speaker 3: Mild from Aaron Mankey. Noble Blood is hosted by me 410 00:29:27,120 --> 00:29:32,320 Speaker 3: Dana Schwartz, with additional writing and research by Hannah Johnston, Hannahswick, 411 00:29:32,480 --> 00:29:36,600 Speaker 3: Courtney Sender, Amy Hit and Julia Milaney. The show is 412 00:29:36,760 --> 00:29:42,080 Speaker 3: edited and produced by Jesse Funk, with supervising producerrima Ill 413 00:29:42,240 --> 00:29:47,280 Speaker 3: Kali and executive producers Aaron Mankey, Trevor Young, and Matt Frederick. 414 00:29:47,760 --> 00:29:53,400 Speaker 3: For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, 415 00:29:53,640 --> 00:30:00,800 Speaker 3: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.