1 00:00:01,400 --> 00:00:04,120 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg Markets Podcast. I'm Paul Sweeney, along 2 00:00:04,120 --> 00:00:06,200 Speaker 1: with my co host of Bonnie Quinn. Every business day 3 00:00:06,240 --> 00:00:10,360 Speaker 1: we bring you interviews from CEOs, market pros, and Bloomberg experts, 4 00:00:10,400 --> 00:00:13,600 Speaker 1: along with essential market moving news. Find the Bloomberg Markets 5 00:00:13,600 --> 00:00:17,000 Speaker 1: Podcast on Apple Podcasts or wherever you listen to podcasts, 6 00:00:17,000 --> 00:00:20,920 Speaker 1: and on Bloomberg dot com. Well, it is time once 7 00:00:20,960 --> 00:00:24,480 Speaker 1: again to check in on COVID progress, not progress of 8 00:00:24,680 --> 00:00:28,480 Speaker 1: the disease per se, but progress towards a vaccine. Let's 9 00:00:28,480 --> 00:00:32,640 Speaker 1: bring in some Faconalty, director of research for Bloomberg Intelligence, 10 00:00:32,680 --> 00:00:34,920 Speaker 1: and Sam. You keep an eye on everything that's out there. 11 00:00:35,600 --> 00:00:38,519 Speaker 1: You've noticed so that some companies do actually have an 12 00:00:38,640 --> 00:00:41,800 Speaker 1: edge over others. Tell us what companies we should be 13 00:00:42,000 --> 00:00:46,760 Speaker 1: most closely watching these days. Yeah, hi, Bunny. Um, So 14 00:00:47,479 --> 00:00:51,880 Speaker 1: you know a lot of this analysis and and conclusion 15 00:00:52,000 --> 00:00:56,760 Speaker 1: is based on early data, and early scientific data has 16 00:00:56,800 --> 00:00:59,960 Speaker 1: a nasty habit of changing when you get into bigger 17 00:01:00,040 --> 00:01:04,800 Speaker 1: trials and test your your product into in multi center trials, etcetera. So, 18 00:01:05,080 --> 00:01:09,760 Speaker 1: with that caveat, if we look at the the on 19 00:01:09,840 --> 00:01:13,360 Speaker 1: the effectiveness side, I think FIDER and Beyond Tech seemed 20 00:01:13,360 --> 00:01:15,280 Speaker 1: to have the age at the minute with regards to 21 00:01:16,080 --> 00:01:19,280 Speaker 1: both generating antibodies and also this other arm of the 22 00:01:19,280 --> 00:01:23,200 Speaker 1: immune system that I keep talking about, the cellular immunity, 23 00:01:23,360 --> 00:01:27,039 Speaker 1: that seems to be the case at the moment. So um, 24 00:01:27,080 --> 00:01:30,680 Speaker 1: you know, they beaten Maderna on the similar arm and 25 00:01:30,760 --> 00:01:36,440 Speaker 1: on the on the antibodies, Astrotennics didn't quiet match up. 26 00:01:36,480 --> 00:01:39,560 Speaker 1: Although it's not bad, it's just not as good as 27 00:01:39,600 --> 00:01:42,160 Speaker 1: So that's where we stand today, although there's a whole 28 00:01:42,200 --> 00:01:44,400 Speaker 1: bunch of other companies that have to still put out 29 00:01:44,480 --> 00:01:48,400 Speaker 1: data with different technologies, and the ones that I'm particularly 30 00:01:48,400 --> 00:01:51,480 Speaker 1: looking forward to seeing someone some of the older technologies. 31 00:01:52,480 --> 00:01:55,640 Speaker 1: The variety of vaccines that we have today don't use 32 00:01:55,680 --> 00:01:59,040 Speaker 1: either of the technologies that moderna Fiser and Astrosennocrat using. 33 00:01:59,800 --> 00:02:03,680 Speaker 1: And also there's one other version of these RNA vaccines 34 00:02:03,720 --> 00:02:07,400 Speaker 1: that Fighter has got that is being tested by Imperial 35 00:02:07,440 --> 00:02:10,959 Speaker 1: College and the company in the US called ARC Tourists, 36 00:02:10,960 --> 00:02:15,480 Speaker 1: amongst others. I'm looking forward seeing from human data for those. Hey, Sam, 37 00:02:15,560 --> 00:02:19,079 Speaker 1: you've followed this pharmer business and vaccine business for decades. 38 00:02:19,520 --> 00:02:24,160 Speaker 1: Help us understand that when and if we get vaccines plural. 39 00:02:24,280 --> 00:02:28,040 Speaker 1: I'm assuming various entities will come out with various vaccines. 40 00:02:28,520 --> 00:02:31,919 Speaker 1: Talk to us about how you actually get a vaccine 41 00:02:31,960 --> 00:02:38,000 Speaker 1: discovery and then into mass production for I'm guessing billions 42 00:02:38,000 --> 00:02:40,919 Speaker 1: of doses and then the distribution of that. How does 43 00:02:40,919 --> 00:02:45,920 Speaker 1: that all work? Yeah, yeah, interesting, Paul. And Actually, vaccines 44 00:02:45,960 --> 00:02:50,160 Speaker 1: were really not sixty at all until quite a few 45 00:02:50,200 --> 00:02:53,160 Speaker 1: years ago when we ended up getting some of the 46 00:02:53,320 --> 00:02:57,280 Speaker 1: newer vaccines like gardensil from like shing gricks from from 47 00:02:57,320 --> 00:03:01,560 Speaker 1: Glaxo and and exactly two point both of those products 48 00:03:01,800 --> 00:03:06,240 Speaker 1: have manufacturing bottlenecks in them in that they can't make 49 00:03:06,440 --> 00:03:09,440 Speaker 1: enough of the stuff to sell. So both collects are 50 00:03:09,560 --> 00:03:15,480 Speaker 1: and work either under underestimated the demand or it's just 51 00:03:15,760 --> 00:03:19,280 Speaker 1: very difficult to manufacture these things. So to that point, 52 00:03:19,760 --> 00:03:22,720 Speaker 1: there's a lot of steps required. And I think the 53 00:03:22,840 --> 00:03:26,160 Speaker 1: one person who regularly brought this up was the CEO 54 00:03:26,240 --> 00:03:29,280 Speaker 1: of some of you, saying, it's not just about discovering 55 00:03:29,320 --> 00:03:32,240 Speaker 1: a vaccine. You've got to be able to first show 56 00:03:32,280 --> 00:03:35,080 Speaker 1: that it is safe because you're giving it to a 57 00:03:35,200 --> 00:03:39,800 Speaker 1: large population of otherwise healthy people who don't have a disease. 58 00:03:40,160 --> 00:03:42,840 Speaker 1: And then you've got to get the stuff manufactured, put 59 00:03:42,880 --> 00:03:46,040 Speaker 1: into a vial, send somewhere in a cold chain often, 60 00:03:46,360 --> 00:03:48,240 Speaker 1: so you need to keep it cold and maybe sometimes 61 00:03:48,240 --> 00:03:53,320 Speaker 1: you're frozen. That's a that's an enormous challenge. But I 62 00:03:53,360 --> 00:03:56,200 Speaker 1: think our government can rise up to it if if 63 00:03:56,280 --> 00:04:01,400 Speaker 1: people are um, don't politicize this in again, but but 64 00:04:01,480 --> 00:04:05,520 Speaker 1: it is, it is. It's definitely a hard and tough 65 00:04:05,600 --> 00:04:08,520 Speaker 1: mountain to climb. And one question is you know, how 66 00:04:08,560 --> 00:04:12,480 Speaker 1: much do you give to other countries if anything, even 67 00:04:12,520 --> 00:04:14,800 Speaker 1: though it would probably be in your interest to give 68 00:04:14,840 --> 00:04:17,560 Speaker 1: this to the whole world, right, so yeah, yeah, yeah, 69 00:04:17,600 --> 00:04:20,400 Speaker 1: but let me carry something. We've just added up all 70 00:04:20,520 --> 00:04:23,360 Speaker 1: the doses that people have said they will be making. 71 00:04:23,480 --> 00:04:26,680 Speaker 1: And this is only about twelve fifteen companies, so the 72 00:04:26,720 --> 00:04:30,360 Speaker 1: other hundred companies or more. I don't have numbers four 73 00:04:31,000 --> 00:04:35,359 Speaker 1: and and we're at ten billion doses in one and 74 00:04:35,400 --> 00:04:37,680 Speaker 1: even if you have to take two of those per persons, 75 00:04:37,680 --> 00:04:41,520 Speaker 1: that's five billion people. Now, it doesn't matter how many 76 00:04:41,600 --> 00:04:44,560 Speaker 1: doses you give to America. They don't. We don't need 77 00:04:44,600 --> 00:04:47,320 Speaker 1: more than six seven million dollars in the US, right, 78 00:04:47,920 --> 00:04:51,440 Speaker 1: So there's enough volume being pledged and being worked on 79 00:04:51,920 --> 00:04:55,040 Speaker 1: that if all these vaccines work, that's the point, right, 80 00:04:55,080 --> 00:04:58,280 Speaker 1: Because they're all different vaccines. Then you have more than 81 00:04:58,400 --> 00:05:01,080 Speaker 1: enough to vaccinate a lot the majority of people to 82 00:05:01,160 --> 00:05:06,800 Speaker 1: get to that early immunity if they all worked. So, Sam, 83 00:05:06,880 --> 00:05:09,080 Speaker 1: I guess the next what are some of the next 84 00:05:09,080 --> 00:05:10,960 Speaker 1: mile post that you're looking at real real quickly here 85 00:05:11,000 --> 00:05:12,800 Speaker 1: that you think you're going to kind of come across 86 00:05:12,839 --> 00:05:15,840 Speaker 1: the tape. Yeah. So I'm looking forward to, as I 87 00:05:15,880 --> 00:05:19,680 Speaker 1: said earlier, to data from some of these other technologies 88 00:05:20,320 --> 00:05:23,400 Speaker 1: actually published data. Folks have said that their vaccines worked. 89 00:05:23,680 --> 00:05:26,520 Speaker 1: Some Chinese companies have said their vaccines work, but published 90 00:05:26,560 --> 00:05:28,760 Speaker 1: data that we started to see yesterday with all the 91 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:31,880 Speaker 1: who harder we had yesterday. Um, so I'd like to 92 00:05:31,880 --> 00:05:34,159 Speaker 1: see some of the older vaccines show some you know, 93 00:05:34,279 --> 00:05:37,080 Speaker 1: just to see how they're doing. And then I'm really 94 00:05:37,080 --> 00:05:40,760 Speaker 1: looking forward to seeing this new even newer version of 95 00:05:40,760 --> 00:05:44,960 Speaker 1: our n A vaccines from Imperial College and our tourists 96 00:05:45,000 --> 00:05:47,560 Speaker 1: and translate by or there's a whole host of companies 97 00:05:47,560 --> 00:05:50,320 Speaker 1: who got these class has got some. But I think 98 00:05:50,320 --> 00:05:53,719 Speaker 1: we're expecting some news from Imperial and our tourists in 99 00:05:53,760 --> 00:05:57,680 Speaker 1: the next few weeks months. That's what I'm looking forward to. Hey, Sam, 100 00:05:57,720 --> 00:05:59,839 Speaker 1: thanks so much once again for joining us giving us 101 00:05:59,880 --> 00:06:04,320 Speaker 1: your thoughts on this whole race for a COVID nineteen vaccine. 102 00:06:04,360 --> 00:06:07,600 Speaker 1: Santa zelis Director of Research for Bloomberg Intelligence for all 103 00:06:07,640 --> 00:06:10,120 Speaker 1: of Europe, but more importantly his day job as he's 104 00:06:10,120 --> 00:06:15,080 Speaker 1: one of those top farmer healthcare analysts based in London. 105 00:06:17,000 --> 00:06:20,279 Speaker 1: Let's move over and now to Asia and talk China. 106 00:06:20,520 --> 00:06:23,680 Speaker 1: China's market, the new jack MA and I p O 107 00:06:23,880 --> 00:06:27,160 Speaker 1: has bypassed the New York Stock Exchange and has decided 108 00:06:27,200 --> 00:06:31,000 Speaker 1: to list on the Hong Kong and Shanghai Exchanges. And 109 00:06:31,000 --> 00:06:33,320 Speaker 1: of course after that the Hong Kong Exchanges and clearing 110 00:06:34,480 --> 00:06:37,000 Speaker 1: stock surged as much as nine and a half percent. 111 00:06:37,040 --> 00:06:38,680 Speaker 1: Let's bring in someone who knows a lot about this now, 112 00:06:38,680 --> 00:06:42,719 Speaker 1: Brendan and hearn is c i O of Crane Shares. Brendan, 113 00:06:43,080 --> 00:06:46,760 Speaker 1: why did jack MA decide to I p O almost 114 00:06:46,760 --> 00:06:53,480 Speaker 1: everywhere bots New York? Well, I think we've seen US 115 00:06:53,560 --> 00:06:58,280 Speaker 1: listed Chinese companies reissue in Hong Kong as well as 116 00:06:58,320 --> 00:07:01,320 Speaker 1: on the New Shanghai star Board in order to get 117 00:07:01,320 --> 00:07:06,159 Speaker 1: a higher valuation. That US China political rhetor CRIC has 118 00:07:06,240 --> 00:07:10,760 Speaker 1: depressed the US listed companies over the last say two years. 119 00:07:10,880 --> 00:07:13,040 Speaker 1: So they're going to where they're going to be properly 120 00:07:13,120 --> 00:07:17,040 Speaker 1: valued by investors. So Brendan gives a sense of this 121 00:07:17,120 --> 00:07:18,760 Speaker 1: and financial A lot of people here, I think in 122 00:07:18,800 --> 00:07:21,040 Speaker 1: the States don't have a real good understanding of what 123 00:07:21,120 --> 00:07:24,440 Speaker 1: Aunt is. Give us here your your overview of the company. 124 00:07:24,880 --> 00:07:31,440 Speaker 1: So and and financial makes PayPal look like a rounding error. Uh, 125 00:07:31,480 --> 00:07:36,360 Speaker 1: you know, it's it's it's mobile payments dominate the e 126 00:07:36,520 --> 00:07:40,520 Speaker 1: commerce space in China today. Uh, you know, actually finding 127 00:07:40,560 --> 00:07:43,680 Speaker 1: places that will accept cash or in some cases even 128 00:07:43,720 --> 00:07:46,119 Speaker 1: credit cards. It's very difficult when you when you visit 129 00:07:46,200 --> 00:07:50,160 Speaker 1: China because it's all all done mobile and so Aunt's 130 00:07:50,200 --> 00:07:53,320 Speaker 1: really been at the forefront. Um. You know, Ali Baba 131 00:07:53,800 --> 00:07:56,640 Speaker 1: uh now owns about a third of the company and 132 00:07:56,720 --> 00:07:59,920 Speaker 1: it's hooked in with their e commerce outlets team all 133 00:08:00,040 --> 00:08:03,200 Speaker 1: and about. But it's it's it's really, it's really gone viral. 134 00:08:03,280 --> 00:08:07,680 Speaker 1: It's ubiquitous in China today. Two hundred billion dollar valuation 135 00:08:07,720 --> 00:08:11,520 Speaker 1: on that company. So pretty phenomenal. Brendan, What what do 136 00:08:11,520 --> 00:08:14,920 Speaker 1: we need to know about China right now? And it's 137 00:08:15,480 --> 00:08:18,680 Speaker 1: aspect towards free markets. Seen for a long time that 138 00:08:18,680 --> 00:08:20,560 Speaker 1: I was trying to embrace free markets more and more, 139 00:08:21,440 --> 00:08:24,560 Speaker 1: and at a certain point, you know, I think investors 140 00:08:24,600 --> 00:08:27,200 Speaker 1: turned their back a little bit on China, particularly as 141 00:08:27,240 --> 00:08:29,160 Speaker 1: it was comping down on on Hong Kong and so 142 00:08:29,280 --> 00:08:32,040 Speaker 1: on our investors back now, I mean, you can't ignore 143 00:08:32,040 --> 00:08:34,520 Speaker 1: two hundred billion dollar valuation, you know, I p O 144 00:08:34,600 --> 00:08:38,160 Speaker 1: s no no. I mean, certainly we've had a you know, 145 00:08:38,200 --> 00:08:40,640 Speaker 1: the bowls are on parade in Hong Kong right now. 146 00:08:40,840 --> 00:08:44,200 Speaker 1: You had Ali Baba relist in November of last year, 147 00:08:44,400 --> 00:08:48,679 Speaker 1: j D and Nettie's more recently. UM. But you're going 148 00:08:48,720 --> 00:08:51,120 Speaker 1: to have a number of these companies relist and they're 149 00:08:51,120 --> 00:08:54,400 Speaker 1: getting higher valuations. One of the rumors we heard I'll 150 00:08:54,440 --> 00:08:57,720 Speaker 1: share just uh, just you know, Bloomberg Radio has been 151 00:08:57,720 --> 00:08:59,520 Speaker 1: so great to us over the years. But but there's 152 00:08:59,559 --> 00:09:03,120 Speaker 1: actually hatter there's rumors that d D is going to 153 00:09:03,240 --> 00:09:06,880 Speaker 1: go public in Hong Kong. Uh. D D is the 154 00:09:07,360 --> 00:09:10,560 Speaker 1: Uber slayer. Uh. You know d D put Uber out 155 00:09:10,559 --> 00:09:14,880 Speaker 1: of business in China, UM, and there was there's there's 156 00:09:15,000 --> 00:09:17,480 Speaker 1: talk that they're going to come as well. So you know, 157 00:09:17,480 --> 00:09:22,359 Speaker 1: you've got two of the biggest tech unicorns globally potentially 158 00:09:22,400 --> 00:09:28,040 Speaker 1: going public into Hong Kong UM this year. So interesting. Brendon, 159 00:09:28,040 --> 00:09:30,040 Speaker 1: give us a sense of just overall, how the markets 160 00:09:30,080 --> 00:09:32,920 Speaker 1: are over there? I mean, you know, China was obviously 161 00:09:33,000 --> 00:09:35,360 Speaker 1: the beginning of the pandemic and it really bore the 162 00:09:35,440 --> 00:09:38,679 Speaker 1: brunt of it late last year but early this year. 163 00:09:39,200 --> 00:09:41,560 Speaker 1: Yet they've had some much better numbers over the last 164 00:09:41,600 --> 00:09:45,760 Speaker 1: several months. How's the Chinese I guess just market in 165 00:09:45,800 --> 00:09:49,520 Speaker 1: general looking over there. So so China's first in, first out, 166 00:09:49,559 --> 00:09:54,640 Speaker 1: it's it's fifo so so they their worst economic numbers 167 00:09:54,760 --> 00:09:57,800 Speaker 1: corporate earnings took place in in Q one, and we're 168 00:09:57,840 --> 00:10:02,520 Speaker 1: seeing definitively a E shaped rebound. Uh. You know, some 169 00:10:02,600 --> 00:10:05,240 Speaker 1: of this is the strength of the quarantine in China, 170 00:10:05,280 --> 00:10:07,120 Speaker 1: and this is it's not it's not a China thing, 171 00:10:07,160 --> 00:10:09,920 Speaker 1: it's it's an Asia thing. Unfortunately, we've seen a number 172 00:10:09,920 --> 00:10:13,120 Speaker 1: of pandemics in the last twenty years. If it's stars 173 00:10:13,200 --> 00:10:16,560 Speaker 1: or H one N one um and when they say 174 00:10:16,600 --> 00:10:19,800 Speaker 1: don't leave your apartment, it's taken very, very seriously. And 175 00:10:19,920 --> 00:10:23,319 Speaker 1: I would point to Vietnam uh population of a hundred 176 00:10:23,360 --> 00:10:29,120 Speaker 1: million under four hundred cases, zero deaths, Taiwan million people 177 00:10:29,200 --> 00:10:31,480 Speaker 1: under five cases. So it's not a China thing, it's 178 00:10:31,480 --> 00:10:33,920 Speaker 1: an Asia thing. And that's allowed them to go back 179 00:10:33,920 --> 00:10:37,760 Speaker 1: to work. What's next four crane share is Brendan, what 180 00:10:38,000 --> 00:10:41,040 Speaker 1: are you looking at these days? Well, I think we're 181 00:10:41,080 --> 00:10:43,960 Speaker 1: seeing you know, you know, we're in a growth geared 182 00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:48,320 Speaker 1: market and that's globally, it's in emerging markets, it's in China. 183 00:10:48,840 --> 00:10:51,000 Speaker 1: So so I think one, we're out trying to tell 184 00:10:51,040 --> 00:10:54,720 Speaker 1: investors that buying broad e M which has a heavy, 185 00:10:54,760 --> 00:10:59,120 Speaker 1: heavy tilt to value sectors. Uh, you have to piece 186 00:10:59,160 --> 00:11:03,480 Speaker 1: out these these growth parts of EM and China. Um, 187 00:11:03,520 --> 00:11:05,960 Speaker 1: I think you know, further afield, we are looking at 188 00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:09,920 Speaker 1: this new starboard. Uh, this new board on the Shanghai 189 00:11:10,000 --> 00:11:13,520 Speaker 1: Stock Exchange. Uh, it's an area where we hope to 190 00:11:13,559 --> 00:11:16,080 Speaker 1: come to market in in the coming weeks with a 191 00:11:16,200 --> 00:11:20,680 Speaker 1: US listed ETF. Interesting, So interesting, Brended. So we've seen 192 00:11:20,720 --> 00:11:24,240 Speaker 1: fiscal stimulus out of the US today, we had a big, 193 00:11:24,240 --> 00:11:27,240 Speaker 1: big package announced out of the European Union. In China, 194 00:11:27,320 --> 00:11:31,520 Speaker 1: what's the fiscal stimulus environment there for the Chinese government? 195 00:11:32,280 --> 00:11:36,240 Speaker 1: So they've taken a very incremental process. The raw numbers 196 00:11:36,320 --> 00:11:39,600 Speaker 1: showed that China, yes they're stimulating, but so much more 197 00:11:39,720 --> 00:11:42,480 Speaker 1: supporting it. They have not pulled the band aid and 198 00:11:42,600 --> 00:11:46,520 Speaker 1: gone kind of two thousand nine debt driven so so 199 00:11:46,520 --> 00:11:49,599 Speaker 1: they're doing very targeted measures trying to get credit to 200 00:11:49,720 --> 00:11:55,000 Speaker 1: private companies, smaller, UH medium and small companies. So so 201 00:11:55,040 --> 00:11:58,640 Speaker 1: they've been lowering some of some of the lending rates UM, 202 00:11:58,840 --> 00:12:03,400 Speaker 1: but more targeted, more targeted exposure. I think they realize 203 00:12:03,400 --> 00:12:05,760 Speaker 1: that they're not going to be immune to the economic 204 00:12:05,840 --> 00:12:08,320 Speaker 1: consequence of global quarantine. So they're keeping a lot of 205 00:12:08,400 --> 00:12:12,040 Speaker 1: dry powder. Where do you think that dry powder will 206 00:12:12,160 --> 00:12:16,480 Speaker 1: end up? So I think ultimately if we if we 207 00:12:17,040 --> 00:12:20,920 Speaker 1: hopefully we we get a Q three rebound here in 208 00:12:20,920 --> 00:12:23,319 Speaker 1: the United States, I think that you know, as the 209 00:12:23,400 --> 00:12:27,440 Speaker 1: number largest economy globally, it's very critical UM and I 210 00:12:27,480 --> 00:12:29,520 Speaker 1: think I think what China is doing is you know, 211 00:12:29,559 --> 00:12:33,040 Speaker 1: they've not cut interest rates UM and I think I 212 00:12:33,080 --> 00:12:36,840 Speaker 1: think if if we have a negative outcome in terms 213 00:12:36,880 --> 00:12:41,120 Speaker 1: of a quarantine social distance measures, you know, China will 214 00:12:41,160 --> 00:12:45,720 Speaker 1: have to push further stimulus to offset um external weakness. 215 00:12:46,679 --> 00:12:48,440 Speaker 1: Hey Brandon, thanks so much for joining us. We always 216 00:12:48,480 --> 00:12:52,000 Speaker 1: appreciate getting your thoughts on all things Asia, including China. 217 00:12:52,040 --> 00:12:55,480 Speaker 1: Brendan her In, chief investment officer for Crane Shares based 218 00:12:55,520 --> 00:12:58,080 Speaker 1: in New York City, And Vonnie, it's interesting to see 219 00:12:58,160 --> 00:13:00,680 Speaker 1: kind of how you know the the of those Asian 220 00:13:00,880 --> 00:13:07,400 Speaker 1: um countries have done very well with containing the virus. Well, 221 00:13:07,440 --> 00:13:10,240 Speaker 1: we've been talking about the cannabis market really for several 222 00:13:10,320 --> 00:13:12,520 Speaker 1: years now as it continues to go not just in Canada, 223 00:13:12,559 --> 00:13:14,880 Speaker 1: but now in the United States as well as a 224 00:13:14,920 --> 00:13:16,760 Speaker 1: handful of states are more than a handful of states 225 00:13:16,760 --> 00:13:20,760 Speaker 1: have legalized recreational marijuana. Matt Hawkins managing partner for Entourage 226 00:13:20,800 --> 00:13:24,360 Speaker 1: Effect Capital. They're based in Dallas, Texas, private equity firm 227 00:13:24,520 --> 00:13:28,959 Speaker 1: focusing on a number of sectors, including UH the cannabis 228 00:13:29,120 --> 00:13:30,959 Speaker 1: business as well. So let's get a sense kind of 229 00:13:30,960 --> 00:13:35,240 Speaker 1: where things are pre and post pandemic in the cannabis business. UH. Matt, 230 00:13:35,280 --> 00:13:38,160 Speaker 1: thanks so much for joining us here. Give us a snapshot, 231 00:13:38,240 --> 00:13:41,480 Speaker 1: if you would, of the cannabis market place kind of 232 00:13:41,559 --> 00:13:45,760 Speaker 1: pre and post pandemic here. Sure, happy to do so, 233 00:13:45,800 --> 00:13:50,800 Speaker 1: Thanks for having me. Before the pandemic started, there was 234 00:13:50,920 --> 00:13:55,240 Speaker 1: a downturn in the in the cannabis markets UH. In general. 235 00:13:55,920 --> 00:14:00,079 Speaker 1: It was driven by the public company and more the 236 00:14:00,120 --> 00:14:02,480 Speaker 1: state operators in the United States that they're listed on 237 00:14:02,600 --> 00:14:07,240 Speaker 1: the Canadian exchanges that were unable to meet their projections 238 00:14:07,280 --> 00:14:11,720 Speaker 1: to to UH. A lot of factors of the first 239 00:14:11,760 --> 00:14:16,920 Speaker 1: and foremost being their inability to convert a large number 240 00:14:16,960 --> 00:14:20,360 Speaker 1: of the illicit market into the legalized market, so that 241 00:14:21,000 --> 00:14:24,000 Speaker 1: the projections that they had come out with obviously weren't met. 242 00:14:24,680 --> 00:14:28,760 Speaker 1: That trickles down, you know, following quarter to anything. It 243 00:14:28,760 --> 00:14:32,640 Speaker 1: also trickles down to the private companies as well. So 244 00:14:32,680 --> 00:14:36,040 Speaker 1: there was a distress a moment in time board for 245 00:14:36,200 --> 00:14:40,240 Speaker 1: you know, distress buying, and there was also a cash 246 00:14:40,240 --> 00:14:44,400 Speaker 1: crunch in the industry. What's happened post pandemic is that 247 00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:48,520 Speaker 1: in all the legalized states, um with the exception of 248 00:14:48,520 --> 00:14:54,200 Speaker 1: Massachusetts for recreational, the company that cannabis industry was deemed essential. 249 00:14:54,880 --> 00:14:58,720 Speaker 1: So all of our dispensaries and and uh and and 250 00:14:58,800 --> 00:15:01,720 Speaker 1: you know in in production facilities were all all remained 251 00:15:01,760 --> 00:15:05,800 Speaker 1: open and in fact, sales skyrocket and have continued to 252 00:15:05,800 --> 00:15:09,120 Speaker 1: do so. And so the pandemic and a you know, 253 00:15:09,200 --> 00:15:12,880 Speaker 1: in a in an awful irony has helped the industry. 254 00:15:12,880 --> 00:15:16,120 Speaker 1: And so excuse me, you still have valuations that are low, 255 00:15:16,600 --> 00:15:18,960 Speaker 1: but you have companies that are in better shape. Are 256 00:15:19,000 --> 00:15:22,120 Speaker 1: we sure? Go ahead? We'll just on that. Are we 257 00:15:22,160 --> 00:15:25,120 Speaker 1: seeing deals yet, Matt? And if so, you know, are 258 00:15:25,160 --> 00:15:27,720 Speaker 1: they small deals? Medium sized deals? Is this one private 259 00:15:27,760 --> 00:15:32,120 Speaker 1: equity goes notes well, again a good question that the 260 00:15:32,120 --> 00:15:36,160 Speaker 1: private equity world and cannabis is small comparatively speaking. We 261 00:15:36,160 --> 00:15:38,520 Speaker 1: we have no institutional capital in the industry and all 262 00:15:38,560 --> 00:15:41,640 Speaker 1: of our investors we've been placing money in the industry 263 00:15:41,720 --> 00:15:45,360 Speaker 1: since two thousand fourteen, we've made almost seventy investments, but 264 00:15:45,400 --> 00:15:48,800 Speaker 1: all of our investors come from hind it worth individuals 265 00:15:48,960 --> 00:15:54,000 Speaker 1: or family offices. We don't have any true institutional quality 266 00:15:54,120 --> 00:15:58,440 Speaker 1: investors because of the federal legality, and so until that changes, 267 00:15:58,520 --> 00:16:02,120 Speaker 1: it's going to be small all comparatively speaking. But what's 268 00:16:02,160 --> 00:16:04,760 Speaker 1: happening now to answer your question about deals getting done, 269 00:16:04,960 --> 00:16:08,240 Speaker 1: is that the capital markets and cannabis industry have opened 270 00:16:08,280 --> 00:16:12,600 Speaker 1: up a bit since the pandemic um started. Obviously, at 271 00:16:12,600 --> 00:16:15,640 Speaker 1: the beginning, even though we were uh deemed essential, there 272 00:16:15,680 --> 00:16:18,440 Speaker 1: was no deals getting done because money was on the sidelines. 273 00:16:18,520 --> 00:16:21,240 Speaker 1: Things are starting to pick up a bit. Anticipated by 274 00:16:21,240 --> 00:16:23,360 Speaker 1: the fall, we're gonna see a lot of activity both 275 00:16:23,360 --> 00:16:29,760 Speaker 1: at the private and the scale building deals to where 276 00:16:30,200 --> 00:16:33,400 Speaker 1: excuse me, in advance of some type of legalization the 277 00:16:33,440 --> 00:16:37,560 Speaker 1: next several years um. Those are the companies that are 278 00:16:37,560 --> 00:16:41,920 Speaker 1: going to be in position with scale to attract big 279 00:16:41,920 --> 00:16:44,640 Speaker 1: institutional capital, and that's when the way we'll really hit 280 00:16:45,600 --> 00:16:47,440 Speaker 1: So Matt, on the on the credit site, give us 281 00:16:47,480 --> 00:16:49,480 Speaker 1: a sense of how these companies are financing kind of 282 00:16:49,480 --> 00:16:53,120 Speaker 1: their day to day operations. Are banks lending to this sector? 283 00:16:54,080 --> 00:16:58,280 Speaker 1: Absolutely not. It is a we have the sixties some 284 00:16:58,400 --> 00:17:01,800 Speaker 1: odd investments we have they all have of making relationships 285 00:17:01,800 --> 00:17:04,360 Speaker 1: where business services and checking accounts. I mean that that's 286 00:17:04,359 --> 00:17:06,040 Speaker 1: been a bit of a missnomber in the industry and 287 00:17:06,080 --> 00:17:09,760 Speaker 1: that there are following federal guidelines to provide services, but 288 00:17:09,800 --> 00:17:13,400 Speaker 1: they're not able to lend money. And so that that's 289 00:17:13,440 --> 00:17:16,080 Speaker 1: what it would have been a disaster to the industry 290 00:17:16,680 --> 00:17:19,640 Speaker 1: if there was a prolonged putdown because we don't have 291 00:17:19,920 --> 00:17:24,520 Speaker 1: lines of credit, we don't have huge ballot sheets to 292 00:17:24,920 --> 00:17:29,080 Speaker 1: the weather rainy day, and so that that intel and 293 00:17:29,160 --> 00:17:33,480 Speaker 1: intil it becomes federally legal or federally quasi legal through 294 00:17:33,640 --> 00:17:36,159 Speaker 1: the States Act or the Safe Banking Act. Um, it's 295 00:17:36,160 --> 00:17:39,600 Speaker 1: going to remain that way, Matt, who are your competitors 296 00:17:39,640 --> 00:17:42,600 Speaker 1: in private equity? You know, there's a sense out there 297 00:17:42,680 --> 00:17:44,200 Speaker 1: that at some point there will be two or three 298 00:17:44,240 --> 00:17:47,080 Speaker 1: private equity firms that will own up all of the 299 00:17:47,119 --> 00:17:49,520 Speaker 1: you know, the the cannabis facilities, particularly in states like 300 00:17:49,560 --> 00:17:53,920 Speaker 1: California and so on. Who should we be looking at? Well, 301 00:17:54,400 --> 00:17:56,199 Speaker 1: we we we like to say in the in the 302 00:17:56,280 --> 00:17:58,800 Speaker 1: PE world in cannabis that we don't have any competitors 303 00:17:58,840 --> 00:18:02,520 Speaker 1: because the industries there's such a dearth of capital that 304 00:18:02,640 --> 00:18:04,760 Speaker 1: we all work together. I mean we when we look 305 00:18:04,760 --> 00:18:07,200 Speaker 1: at deals, we look to see who's in the who's 306 00:18:07,240 --> 00:18:10,080 Speaker 1: in the capital stack, and we look for people that 307 00:18:10,520 --> 00:18:13,280 Speaker 1: we've invested with in the past. There's there's very few 308 00:18:13,600 --> 00:18:17,160 Speaker 1: organized capital groups like us that are in the industry. 309 00:18:17,760 --> 00:18:20,320 Speaker 1: Um of course that will change. I think what you'll 310 00:18:20,359 --> 00:18:23,399 Speaker 1: see happening, you know, as we get towards federal legalization, 311 00:18:23,480 --> 00:18:26,280 Speaker 1: that the opposite will happen. A lot more griffs will 312 00:18:26,320 --> 00:18:30,119 Speaker 1: come in and they'll be backed by you know, Wall 313 00:18:30,119 --> 00:18:35,199 Speaker 1: Street names, and you'll see, uh, you know, a large 314 00:18:35,760 --> 00:18:39,320 Speaker 1: industry being you know, being owned and operated and invested 315 00:18:39,359 --> 00:18:42,800 Speaker 1: in by the large pe shops. What kind of size 316 00:18:42,800 --> 00:18:44,440 Speaker 1: of an industry is it right now in the US? 317 00:18:46,280 --> 00:18:49,480 Speaker 1: Um are It's hard to say because what's happened is, 318 00:18:49,520 --> 00:18:51,719 Speaker 1: you know, we think it could be as big as 319 00:18:51,720 --> 00:18:54,439 Speaker 1: a fifty billion dollar industry in the in the United 320 00:18:54,480 --> 00:18:58,760 Speaker 1: States you know, by two thousand or twenty one, twenty two, 321 00:18:59,280 --> 00:19:03,119 Speaker 1: But big portion of that include the illicit market. And 322 00:19:03,160 --> 00:19:06,119 Speaker 1: because of the illicit market is what it is. We 323 00:19:06,200 --> 00:19:08,720 Speaker 1: really don't know how big that is. But what we 324 00:19:08,800 --> 00:19:11,000 Speaker 1: always say is that this is a conversion of a market, 325 00:19:11,000 --> 00:19:13,960 Speaker 1: not a creation of one, like for example, California. Well, 326 00:19:14,240 --> 00:19:16,560 Speaker 1: actually not, We'll have to make you say that example 327 00:19:16,600 --> 00:19:18,960 Speaker 1: for the next time. But you're leaving us on a 328 00:19:19,000 --> 00:19:21,080 Speaker 1: sweet note there. Let's put it that way that as 329 00:19:21,119 --> 00:19:25,160 Speaker 1: Matt Hawkins, managing partner of Entourage Effect Capital, great name 330 00:19:25,240 --> 00:19:30,440 Speaker 1: for for accounabis capital business, coming to us from Dallas. 331 00:19:32,040 --> 00:19:36,240 Speaker 1: Time now to get back to some market conversation. David 332 00:19:36,240 --> 00:19:38,640 Speaker 1: Harden is CEO of some of Global Investments with one 333 00:19:38,640 --> 00:19:41,560 Speaker 1: point two billion dollars in assets under management. He manages 334 00:19:41,600 --> 00:19:43,960 Speaker 1: the US Large Cap Equity Fund. And wouldn't you know 335 00:19:43,960 --> 00:19:47,640 Speaker 1: what the U s art caps are rallying today? Not unusual, 336 00:19:48,160 --> 00:19:51,520 Speaker 1: funnily enough, So let's bring in David to figure out why, David, 337 00:19:51,640 --> 00:19:55,520 Speaker 1: why are we continuing to see just the market move 338 00:19:55,640 --> 00:19:58,640 Speaker 1: higher and higher and higher in spite of so many challenges. 339 00:19:59,760 --> 00:20:02,080 Speaker 1: Well there, thank you, Vannie, Glad to be on your show. 340 00:20:02,160 --> 00:20:06,199 Speaker 1: Paul and excited to be here again and and appreciate 341 00:20:06,240 --> 00:20:08,960 Speaker 1: that the market is moving. And let's face it, a 342 00:20:09,000 --> 00:20:10,840 Speaker 1: lot of that has to do with the FED. The 343 00:20:10,880 --> 00:20:14,200 Speaker 1: FED put, the FED, zero interest rates, the system, open 344 00:20:14,280 --> 00:20:18,240 Speaker 1: market accounts. UM, it's working and it is moving the 345 00:20:18,280 --> 00:20:21,280 Speaker 1: markets forward, for sure. And that's a lot of what's 346 00:20:21,280 --> 00:20:23,520 Speaker 1: going on right now. There's a little bit of euphoria 347 00:20:23,600 --> 00:20:27,520 Speaker 1: as well. We have people using robin Hood, you know, 348 00:20:27,680 --> 00:20:30,080 Speaker 1: and and buying stock, so there's a lot of speculation 349 00:20:30,119 --> 00:20:32,600 Speaker 1: out there. But in general I had attributed to the FED, 350 00:20:33,200 --> 00:20:35,159 Speaker 1: so David, and when we think about the FED and 351 00:20:35,160 --> 00:20:36,679 Speaker 1: the FED put, it seems like a lot of the 352 00:20:36,720 --> 00:20:38,680 Speaker 1: performance when you look at the SP five hunderd is 353 00:20:38,720 --> 00:20:42,840 Speaker 1: limited to a handful of names, those big tech names. Um, 354 00:20:43,000 --> 00:20:45,080 Speaker 1: how do you view that? Is that a concern for you? 355 00:20:45,200 --> 00:20:47,320 Speaker 1: Is it time to rotate out of some of those 356 00:20:47,320 --> 00:20:51,919 Speaker 1: winners into maybe some other sectors that perhaps have been lagging. Well, 357 00:20:51,960 --> 00:20:54,040 Speaker 1: there's a little bit of difference between and and one 358 00:20:54,040 --> 00:20:55,520 Speaker 1: of the things we look at a lot at some 359 00:20:55,800 --> 00:20:59,320 Speaker 1: global is risk and trying to help manage the risk 360 00:20:59,359 --> 00:21:02,280 Speaker 1: that is in the stock market without having negative surprises. 361 00:21:02,720 --> 00:21:05,000 Speaker 1: And when you look at these big names That's what's 362 00:21:05,040 --> 00:21:08,119 Speaker 1: really different between the if you want to call it 363 00:21:08,240 --> 00:21:10,400 Speaker 1: a bubble territory that we may be in right now 364 00:21:10,440 --> 00:21:13,600 Speaker 1: compared to stay two thousand, is that in two thousand 365 00:21:13,640 --> 00:21:16,639 Speaker 1: you had a lot of low quality, um call it junk, 366 00:21:16,800 --> 00:21:22,760 Speaker 1: risky names. Now you have a very high quality Microsoft, up, Amazon, 367 00:21:22,840 --> 00:21:28,200 Speaker 1: up Apple. These are very good, rated the most innovative 368 00:21:28,240 --> 00:21:31,520 Speaker 1: companies that we have in America today. So the difference 369 00:21:31,600 --> 00:21:33,959 Speaker 1: I think that you can hold on to this and 370 00:21:34,000 --> 00:21:37,160 Speaker 1: continue to hold these names is they're so high quality 371 00:21:37,160 --> 00:21:40,000 Speaker 1: and such good companies that they deserve to be up. 372 00:21:40,440 --> 00:21:42,760 Speaker 1: No one in Microsoft is laid off, so to speak. 373 00:21:43,080 --> 00:21:45,919 Speaker 1: Right they can continue to work. Forty some odd million 374 00:21:45,960 --> 00:21:48,240 Speaker 1: people out of work right now, but they're not off 375 00:21:48,280 --> 00:21:51,120 Speaker 1: the internet, they're not off their technology. They're all still 376 00:21:51,200 --> 00:21:55,000 Speaker 1: using their phones. So very important that these companies can 377 00:21:55,040 --> 00:21:58,880 Speaker 1: continue to execute. I know anothers actually, like is Walmart? 378 00:21:58,920 --> 00:22:02,960 Speaker 1: Is that also a pandemic play um In some respects 379 00:22:02,960 --> 00:22:05,679 Speaker 1: it is, but we held it long before this came about. 380 00:22:06,119 --> 00:22:09,840 Speaker 1: But in recessions and periods of where people are unemployed 381 00:22:09,880 --> 00:22:12,680 Speaker 1: like we are in right now, Walmart tends to gain 382 00:22:12,760 --> 00:22:14,919 Speaker 1: market share. If you look at the past, they're up 383 00:22:14,960 --> 00:22:18,080 Speaker 1: about twelve percent year today. But this is with really 384 00:22:18,160 --> 00:22:22,240 Speaker 1: low risk. With the beta point five three, Walmart provides 385 00:22:22,280 --> 00:22:28,080 Speaker 1: you good return with very very um low downside risk 386 00:22:28,520 --> 00:22:30,760 Speaker 1: and that's what we like alright. So, David how Abot, 387 00:22:30,800 --> 00:22:33,280 Speaker 1: we just got through the earnings from the big banks 388 00:22:33,400 --> 00:22:37,640 Speaker 1: last week, some really really strong trading results coming out 389 00:22:37,640 --> 00:22:39,320 Speaker 1: of some of those banks. How do you look at 390 00:22:39,320 --> 00:22:42,280 Speaker 1: the banks right here? Well, and that's and that's just 391 00:22:42,600 --> 00:22:45,600 Speaker 1: if they can make money through their trading through other 392 00:22:45,760 --> 00:22:49,440 Speaker 1: areas besides the yield curve, then that's worth looking at 393 00:22:49,480 --> 00:22:52,440 Speaker 1: and that's worth investing in. If they're making money from 394 00:22:52,480 --> 00:22:55,399 Speaker 1: small business and the yield curve, that's something that I 395 00:22:55,400 --> 00:23:01,360 Speaker 1: would want to avoid. So economic and monamental is disconnected. 396 00:23:01,640 --> 00:23:04,160 Speaker 1: At what point do they reconnect? And do you very 397 00:23:04,240 --> 00:23:07,360 Speaker 1: very quickly shoveled shuffle the playing cards in your deck 398 00:23:07,400 --> 00:23:10,680 Speaker 1: at that point, well, you have to write, because right 399 00:23:10,680 --> 00:23:13,480 Speaker 1: now the reality is weren't not We're not trading on 400 00:23:13,560 --> 00:23:16,600 Speaker 1: fundamentals as a whole. It is focused in a very 401 00:23:16,680 --> 00:23:20,320 Speaker 1: narrow part of the market um, and it is focused 402 00:23:20,320 --> 00:23:23,360 Speaker 1: on the FED and if the virus and the vaccine 403 00:23:23,400 --> 00:23:25,720 Speaker 1: and everything else comes to play, where we can treat 404 00:23:25,760 --> 00:23:27,760 Speaker 1: this and we can go back to quote unquote our 405 00:23:27,800 --> 00:23:30,399 Speaker 1: normal lives. Well, then a lot of that fed and 406 00:23:30,440 --> 00:23:33,040 Speaker 1: a lot of the stimulus goes away, and we're supposed 407 00:23:33,040 --> 00:23:34,359 Speaker 1: to be able to go back to work. So it 408 00:23:34,359 --> 00:23:37,600 Speaker 1: becomes somewhat of a good news becomes bad news, and 409 00:23:37,640 --> 00:23:41,000 Speaker 1: you do have to trade that. So our expectation is 410 00:23:41,000 --> 00:23:44,960 Speaker 1: that the market continues, but don't be surprised if we 411 00:23:45,000 --> 00:23:48,920 Speaker 1: have a big risk off scenario, a severe risk off episode, 412 00:23:49,280 --> 00:23:52,120 Speaker 1: and I think it's very likely over the next year. 413 00:23:53,440 --> 00:23:55,760 Speaker 1: So that kind of goes to the decoupling issue here. 414 00:23:55,800 --> 00:23:58,960 Speaker 1: We've got a rising stock market, rising just kind of 415 00:23:59,080 --> 00:24:03,320 Speaker 1: risk assets in general, yet the economy remains extraordinarily weak. 416 00:24:03,400 --> 00:24:06,480 Speaker 1: We're gonna, you know, get a brutal Q two GDP 417 00:24:06,640 --> 00:24:10,600 Speaker 1: number shortly Jobe's claims coming out later this week. Are 418 00:24:10,600 --> 00:24:13,560 Speaker 1: you concerned that at some point that that decoupling just 419 00:24:13,600 --> 00:24:17,919 Speaker 1: can't last. Absolutely, it has to shift back to normal. 420 00:24:17,960 --> 00:24:20,919 Speaker 1: The focus has to go back on these reopenings and 421 00:24:21,000 --> 00:24:24,840 Speaker 1: how they're not working or being delayed, on the economic disappointments, 422 00:24:24,840 --> 00:24:27,600 Speaker 1: which you just mentioned, and one that you haven't mentioned 423 00:24:27,720 --> 00:24:31,320 Speaker 1: is the election. So I think most people are waiting 424 00:24:31,440 --> 00:24:34,919 Speaker 1: hoping that that maybe somehow the election can be in 425 00:24:34,920 --> 00:24:37,920 Speaker 1: the favor of the market, but everything indicates that it 426 00:24:38,000 --> 00:24:40,640 Speaker 1: might not be. What's the question you get most from 427 00:24:40,840 --> 00:24:43,600 Speaker 1: your clients there in Salt Lake City and surrounding areas. 428 00:24:44,600 --> 00:24:48,280 Speaker 1: I think most people ask what should I do? What 429 00:24:48,359 --> 00:24:50,320 Speaker 1: should I do? Should I put my cash to work? 430 00:24:50,600 --> 00:24:52,800 Speaker 1: Should I sell out of the market? And I think 431 00:24:52,840 --> 00:24:56,160 Speaker 1: they're looking for advice and in general, you know, as 432 00:24:56,160 --> 00:24:59,760 Speaker 1: an institutional investment manager, we have those answers, but they're 433 00:25:00,040 --> 00:25:04,440 Speaker 1: very specific to each person situation. So it's really important. 434 00:25:04,480 --> 00:25:06,680 Speaker 1: I think that you know, you talk about essential workers 435 00:25:07,000 --> 00:25:10,760 Speaker 1: and how important they are. Advisors and investment professionals are 436 00:25:10,840 --> 00:25:14,600 Speaker 1: absolutely essential to help people understand what they should do, 437 00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:18,119 Speaker 1: but that advisor and investment professional has to understand the 438 00:25:18,200 --> 00:25:24,440 Speaker 1: underlying um risk and characteristics and profile of that client. David, 439 00:25:24,440 --> 00:25:27,240 Speaker 1: thanks so much for joining us. We really appreciate your commentary. 440 00:25:27,320 --> 00:25:31,560 Speaker 1: David Harden, chief executive officer, chief investment Officers Summit Global 441 00:25:31,600 --> 00:25:34,800 Speaker 1: Investments at one point two billion dollars under management, based 442 00:25:34,800 --> 00:25:39,600 Speaker 1: in Salt Lake City, Utah. We appreciate his thoughts. Thanks 443 00:25:39,600 --> 00:25:42,840 Speaker 1: for listening to Bloomberg Markets podcast. You can subscribe and 444 00:25:42,920 --> 00:25:46,720 Speaker 1: listen to interviews at Apple Podcasts or whatever podcast platform 445 00:25:46,760 --> 00:25:50,200 Speaker 1: you prefer. I'm Bonnie Quinn. I'm on Twitter at Bonnie Quinn. 446 00:25:50,400 --> 00:25:52,760 Speaker 1: And I'm Paul Sweeney. I'm on Twitter at pt Sweeney. 447 00:25:52,800 --> 00:25:55,439 Speaker 1: Before the podcast, you can always catch us worldwide at 448 00:25:55,480 --> 00:26:00,360 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Radio four