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Speaker 1: Ola Latino USA listener, it's Maria no Josa Today. We

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Speaker 1: want to share an episode from a new podcast series

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Speaker 1: that we're listening to. It's called Detention by Design. It's

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Speaker 1: produced by public radio station w LRN in Miami. The

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Speaker 1: podcast follows the beginnings of this country's immigration detention system

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Speaker 1: right in Florida. Seventy years ago, there were no immigrants

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Speaker 1: held in detention in the United States. But then Haitians

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Speaker 1: began arriving at Florida's shores by boat, fleeing a violent

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Speaker 1: dictatorship in their country, and everything changed. We want to

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Speaker 1: share with you episode two of Detention by Design. The

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Speaker 1: episode tells the story of Abel Jan Simon Cefier when

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Speaker 1: he arrived in the United States in nineteen seventy three

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Speaker 1: by boat and then asked for a side. Host Danny

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Speaker 1: Riverro takes us to that moment.

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Speaker 2: From WLRN News in Miami. This is Detention by Design.

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Speaker 2: I'm Danny Rivero. Just a warning about this episode is

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Speaker 2: that it does contain a discussion about suicide. If you

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Speaker 2: or anyone you know needs help, you can reach the

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Speaker 2: National Suicide Prevention Lifeline by calling or texting the number

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Speaker 2: nine eight eight that's nine eight eight. At the end

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Speaker 2: of the last episode, we met Abelle Jean Simone zep

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Speaker 2: Fire at the age of sixteen, saw many friends around

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Speaker 2: him getting arrested in the wave of political repression in

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Speaker 2: Haiti that marked the beginning of the reign of Baby Doc,

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Speaker 2: who had just inherited the presidency from his father, Papa Doc.

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Speaker 2: And Sophia's journey will help take us into the very

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Speaker 2: beginning of immigration detention as we know it in this country.

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Speaker 2: That journey starts on a hot day in August of

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Speaker 2: nineteen seventy three, when Zephyr and sixty one other Haitians

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Speaker 2: left Porta Prince and took to the seas.

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Speaker 3: I was a very young guy.

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Speaker 4: There were the adults who managed the voyage or the trip.

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Speaker 4: When we left Haiti, we went to Cuba. We went

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Speaker 4: to the place named Punta Maisi.

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Speaker 2: The very eastern tip of Cuba, less than one hundred

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Speaker 2: miles from Haiti at its closest point.

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Speaker 4: It's about one day and they see we left at

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Speaker 4: nine and then we are having Cuba. They following nine

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Speaker 4: when we get there. Because of their weaf we wit it.

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Speaker 4: Today they lie and the Cuban military came their parts

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Speaker 4: questioned us, and they pulled us to depart.

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Speaker 2: The group is taken to land in Cuba, but the

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Speaker 2: Communist government really doesn't want the refugees to stay there.

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Speaker 2: They do give them food and housing for about a month,

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Speaker 2: and in the meantime the Cuban authorities.

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Speaker 3: Repair the boat the fix our boat.

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Speaker 2: Which was damaged on the voyage. They were in the

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Speaker 2: east side of Cuba for almost a month, and then

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Speaker 2: one day the Cuban officials announced that it's time for

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Speaker 2: the Haitians to leave the island, and the government loads

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Speaker 2: up the ships with Haitians and towes them out to

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Speaker 2: sea to continue their journey to the final destination Miami.

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Speaker 3: I remember vividly that day. It was plain daylight, and the.

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Speaker 4: Then Cuban military es called us to International Da and

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Speaker 4: they said that's basically you and your own they cannot

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Speaker 4: go any farther. They have to go back to Civa

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Speaker 4: and then who in our own.

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Speaker 2: Zaphir remembers that the seas were calm and the sun

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Speaker 2: was shining. Years later, the Straits of Florida and the

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Speaker 2: northern edge of the Caribbean Sea would become known as

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Speaker 2: treacherous bodies of water. But that day luck was with them.

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Speaker 3: It wasn't long. And then we saw.

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Speaker 4: A small boat very far away, a pushing us. And

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Speaker 4: they kept coming and we see garbage. We said well,

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Speaker 4: and somebody said, we're not too far from land, you know.

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Speaker 4: He said, something is coming to us.

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Speaker 3: What it was.

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Speaker 4: It was a Cuban fisherman in Miami. And they are pushed.

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Speaker 4: They see our boat and they keep up pushing us.

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Speaker 4: They are pushing us. They saw us and and I

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Speaker 4: remember the name. It was a used Cuban guy. His

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Speaker 4: name Pepe. Captain Pepe said pepys like child.

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Speaker 3: Thank you.

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Speaker 4: They are said where we're going? Where you are? We

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Speaker 4: are Haitian. We are going to the United States. They

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Speaker 4: said why. I said, well, we fled.

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Speaker 3: Do value.

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Speaker 2: The journey up to this point only took about a day.

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Speaker 2: A few other fishing boats pull up, and the fishermen

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Speaker 2: are mostly Cubans living in Miami. And these Cuban fishermen

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Speaker 2: give water to the passengers on the boat and make

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Speaker 2: sure everyone's all right.

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Speaker 4: You know, the Cuban alfi media Haitian. You know we are.

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Speaker 4: And then they called us clost guard for us, and

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Speaker 4: theytail us. They cannot take US from the boat until

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Speaker 4: they get de plemison from the United State government.

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Speaker 2: This journey that Zafir took from Haiti to Florida by

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Speaker 2: boat was among the first of what would soon be

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Speaker 2: a steady stream of Haitians fleeing to the US by sea.

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Speaker 2: But as the Fear sat on the ship waiting to

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Speaker 2: hear back from the Coastguard, there were literally no protocols

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Speaker 2: for what to do with refugees. Like himself, I recurs

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Speaker 2: Bean as an immigration attorney who's been involved with major

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Speaker 2: refugee policy cases since the nineteen seventies.

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Speaker 3: A boat would.

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Speaker 5: Come in to Miami and somebody would call the state

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Speaker 5: Department and say, what do you want me to do

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Speaker 5: with these people? Because our only legal obligation was under

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Speaker 5: something called the Convention and Protocol relating to the Status

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Speaker 5: of Refugees. It was an international convention we signed, but

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Speaker 5: we had no procedures. We had no regulations, we had nothing,

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Speaker 5: no statute.

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Speaker 2: The only thing that international convention did was basically acknowledged

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Speaker 2: that the US had a moral responsibility to refugees. It

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Speaker 2: did not include any actual procedures. The journalist Kim Ives,

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Speaker 2: who we met in Part one, is an American reporter

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Speaker 2: who's been reporting on Haiti since the nineteen seventies, and

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Speaker 2: he actually bore witness to boats leaving Haiti in the

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Speaker 2: later parts of the decade. He also witnessed boats coming

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Speaker 2: in once they were landing in the US.

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Speaker 6: The boats were being organized regularly in the Northwest primarily,

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Speaker 6: and they would leave. There were all kinds of sort

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Speaker 6: of networks of people who would bring you up to

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Speaker 6: a given spot. You'd pay the captain who was going

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Speaker 6: to take you, and you'd set off under the seas

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Speaker 6: and usually they'd go up through the Bahamas and then

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Speaker 6: you'd get more or less to Biminy or maybe Grand Bahama,

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Speaker 6: and then you'd take, you know, a dash across the

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Speaker 6: Straits of Florida there to get into some beach.

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Speaker 2: As Captain Peppa and the Cubans waited to hear back

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Speaker 2: from the US government to see if Sophia and his

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Speaker 2: fellow passengers would be allowed into the US, Zephir wasn't

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Speaker 2: sure how it would all work out. And then there

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Speaker 2: was some good news. The federal government gave them the

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Speaker 2: thumbs up they could come to the US.

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Speaker 4: They give and there was a big US military boat

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Speaker 4: the coast guard not approshed us and with the Cuban

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Speaker 4: to assist them, and we were okay. They were going

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Speaker 4: to take us in the military boat. As you know,

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Speaker 4: the the weather was good and and and they tell

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Speaker 4: us were better off. Were still with the Cuban, but

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Speaker 4: they're watching us. We can see sheep not too far

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Speaker 4: from us, and the Cubans, uh, they'll continue to fish.

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Speaker 4: For three days they were still with them, eating, you know,

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Speaker 4: and we last. And then after that when the finished,

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Speaker 4: they brought us to Miami.

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Speaker 2: So after about a month in Cuba, two days traveling

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Speaker 2: at sea, and after three days spent fishing with Cubans

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Speaker 2: in the Florida Straits, Zaphiar and the rest of the

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Speaker 2: Hitians are brought to Miami by this entourage of fishing

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Speaker 2: boats as a coast guard watches over. Once they're on land,

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Speaker 2: the federal government interviews all of the passengers and Captain

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Speaker 2: Peppe gives a statement, so far, so good.

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Speaker 4: They took us to federal court as a normal procedure.

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Speaker 4: Then they George and there was a liar blah blah blah.

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Speaker 4: Then it asks for us and what is a wizone?

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Speaker 4: We came to the United States. We stayd Very clearly

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Speaker 4: we left for political logism, but a way mixed message

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Speaker 4: between Not everybody said the same thing, but most of

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Speaker 4: us ask for a political axilum the same.

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Speaker 3: Since we are.

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Speaker 4: Going to ask for a political anxi alum, they cannot

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Speaker 4: release us and therefore they were going to send us

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Speaker 4: to jail. And then they took us to Immocadi.

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Speaker 2: In Mocholi, Florida. It's a tiny town on the edge

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Speaker 2: of the Everglades area in southwest Florida, surrounded by agriculture

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Speaker 2: and swamplands. It's mostly known now as a place that

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Speaker 2: grows tomatoes for the rest of the US during the

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Speaker 2: winter months. Super remote even today, more than an hour

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Speaker 2: and a half from the population centers of south Florida's

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Speaker 2: east coast, and back then it was even more remote

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Speaker 2: and hard to access. And so Zaphia and the other

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Speaker 2: Haitians who came on the boat with him are sense

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Speaker 2: of this little jail that was originally built to house

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Speaker 2: people facing a range of crimes shoplifting, robbery, murder.

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Speaker 3: We began to realize something with one and.

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Speaker 4: What we think that if you came to a country

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Speaker 4: in United or whatever, as you're left for.

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Speaker 3: Persecution.

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Speaker 4: You're actual political anxietum because your government is a replaceive government.

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Speaker 4: Dissolution is not to put you in jail. I don't

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Speaker 4: know how to call it, but it's not fair to

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Speaker 4: you fleeing addictatorship and you came to a country seeking freedom.

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Speaker 3: The next time they just put you in you in

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Speaker 3: jail again.

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Speaker 2: The federal government does offer Haitians a way out of

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Speaker 2: the jail, even though practically it was impossible they could

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Speaker 2: pay bond to get out and wait on the outside

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Speaker 2: for their asylum cases to be heard. Pleading for asylum,

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Speaker 2: by the way, is basically convincing the federal government that

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Speaker 2: you are in fact a real, true to life refugee

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Speaker 2: who deserves legal protection in the US, because bad things

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Speaker 2: would happen to you if you returned to where you

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Speaker 2: came from. But if the Haitians couldn't pay the bond money,

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Speaker 2: which they couldn't, the government would hold them in jail

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Speaker 2: until their political asylum case was processed, and once their

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Speaker 2: cases were processed, odds were they would be deported back

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Speaker 2: to the dictatorship in Haiti. While Sophia was in jail

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Speaker 2: in a mocholy, another group of Haitians who came through

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Speaker 2: the Bahamas was also brought into the facility and the

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Speaker 2: number of Haitians in the jail starts to increase. Sophia

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Speaker 2: remembers the majority of people in the jail being black

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Speaker 2: and a part of Flora up with relatively few black residents.

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Speaker 4: When we arrive Anymorecally and Immigration keeps saying it's for

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Speaker 4: a couple of days, yeah, waiting for Washington, we begun

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Speaker 4: to consult it among ourselves. We say, what is the

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Speaker 4: situation that is going to be two to three months?

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Speaker 4: And the waiting, the waiting, what are they waiting for?

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Speaker 2: Some of the Haitians, among them are students and avid

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Speaker 2: readers that follow international politics and current events very closely,

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Speaker 2: and Sophia says this helps shape the discussions that happen

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Speaker 2: in the jailhouse.

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Speaker 3: We were debating.

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Speaker 4: I remember one of the guys, he was a student

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Speaker 4: and he knew about international law. And we questioned the decision,

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Speaker 4: the fact that US Immigration kept us in jail to

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Speaker 4: see whether or not it is illegal procedure based on

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Speaker 4: the international law. And as we leave, you were debating

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Speaker 4: and among us said we concluded it was illegal.

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Speaker 2: The group concludes that it's illegal because of international conventions

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Speaker 2: that the US signed about protecting the rights of refugees

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Speaker 2: seeking asylum. But remember at the time, there were no

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Speaker 2: actual laws governing this in the US, so in practice

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Speaker 2: it was pretty ambiguous. Immigration officials had a lot of

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Speaker 2: room to interpret things however they self fit, and in

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Speaker 2: this case, those immigration officials chose to throw Haitians in

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Speaker 2: jail instead of releasing them into the community. The Haitians

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Speaker 2: conclude that this is wrong, it's illegal, and it's being

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Speaker 2: used as a tool.

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Speaker 3: Is it We did think they would discourage us to live.

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Speaker 2: What Safia is describing here in Amchaly, Florida is the

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Speaker 2: very beginnings of the practice of immigration detention as we

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Speaker 2: know it in this country. Overcrowded detention centers filled with

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Speaker 2: people trying to plead for asylum. This is where it

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Speaker 2: starts in Amocholi, Florida.

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Speaker 7: So very quickly all these stories start to come out

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Speaker 7: about what's happening in Amcholy.

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Speaker 2: Brianna Knowefel is a researcher at the College of William

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Speaker 2: and Mary in Virginia, where she specializes in the history

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Speaker 2: of immigration's attention.

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Speaker 7: There's complaints about things like inadequate food, inadequate medical care.

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Speaker 7: At some points, Amacholy is overcrowded, which is, you know,

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Speaker 7: anyone who knows this facility is kind of shocking because

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Speaker 7: they typically had very very few inmates, and the number

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Speaker 7: of Haitians being held there it rapidly, rapidly outpaces the

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Speaker 7: number of local offenders by like nineteen seventy four, It's

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Speaker 7: like four times more Occasians are being held at a mochaly.

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Speaker 2: The practice of jailing people who are trying to move

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Speaker 2: to the US has been around for a long time. Historically,

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Speaker 2: it happened in particular with Chinese immigrants in the late

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Speaker 2: eighteen hundreds and also in the early nineteen hundreds. Other

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Speaker 2: major ports of entry like Ellis Island in New York

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Speaker 2: saw some immigrants routinely detained for months on end, but

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Speaker 2: in the mid nineteen fifties this practice was largely abolished.

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Speaker 2: There's this really remarkable speech given by Attorney General Herbert

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Speaker 2: Brownwell in nineteen fifty five where he applauds the fact

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Speaker 2: that quote practically a one hundred percent reduction has been

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Speaker 2: accomplished in the custody of persons seeking entry, and when

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Speaker 2: the Attorney General gave that speech. He brags that only

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Speaker 2: four would be immigrants were in federal custody across the

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Speaker 2: entire nation in January of nineteen fifty five. Four says basically,

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Speaker 2: eliminating immigrations attention was saving the federal government tons of money.

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Speaker 7: What happens in the nineteen fifties is that there's this

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Speaker 7: kind of moral reckoning about the practice of immigration detention,

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Speaker 7: and a bunch of different things catalyze this reckoning. Probably

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Speaker 7: the biggest factor is that the demographics of who is

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Speaker 7: being detained have shifted. The immigrants in detention that are

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Speaker 7: getting a lot of media and a lot of press.

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Speaker 7: It's not Chinese immigrants, it's not Mexican immigrants. It's these

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Speaker 7: European immigrants who are being accused of being communists, of

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Speaker 7: having like shadowy political affiliations, and they're often fusing these really,

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Speaker 7: really long detentions.

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Speaker 2: The one exception to this reality was alongside the US

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Speaker 2: Mexico border, were some detention centers had existed since the

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Speaker 2: mid nineteen hundreds, but these facilities usually held people for

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Speaker 2: just a day or two for the government sent them

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Speaker 2: back across the border to Mexico. So in the nineteen seventies,

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Speaker 2: Haitians start arriving to Florida by boat and the government

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Speaker 2: doesn't want to just release them, but they don't really

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Speaker 2: know where to put them for the time being.

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Speaker 7: At least outside of the US Mexico border. There aren't

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Speaker 7: any immigration detention centers yet, so there aren't any sites

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Speaker 7: that are specifically marked for the incarceration of migrants. So

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Speaker 7: if US wants to detain someone, they've pretty much got

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Speaker 7: to use their existing caarceral infrastructure, which means maybe prisons,

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Speaker 7: but probably more likely jails.

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Speaker 2: Jails, unlike prisons, are built to hold people for brief

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Speaker 2: periods of time, for short sentences or just as someone

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Speaker 2: waits for trial. They're smaller, more flexible, and they're built

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Speaker 2: to process people coming in and out every single day.

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Speaker 2: And NOFL says this makes jails the go to solution

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Speaker 2: for federal government that was in a scramble, So jails

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Speaker 2: can kind.

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Speaker 7: Of be this more the purpose space that can serve

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Speaker 7: whatever ends the state needs it to serve.

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Speaker 2: And whereas in the nineteen fifties the federal government cheered

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Speaker 2: the fact that ending immigration detention saved taxpayers a lot

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Speaker 2: of money, now in the early seventies. That argument's flipped

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Speaker 2: on its head, and Washington starts to recruit local jails

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Speaker 2: to hold people who are pleading for asylum as political refugees.

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Speaker 7: They argue that counties are going to be excited about this.

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Speaker 7: This is potentially if you have empty jail space, this

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Speaker 7: could look like easy money. You know, these people aren't

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Speaker 7: even accused of a criminal offense. They are potential refugees

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Speaker 7: and will cut you a check.

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Speaker 8: Funding for detention by design was made possible by the

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Speaker 8: Shepherd Broad Foundation in honor of its founder, whose immigration

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Speaker 8: story included detention at age fourteen, but also the warm

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Speaker 8: and of the Miami community.

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Speaker 2: And a Mocholi. Zafar was waiting for months to see

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Speaker 2: if he could get released. There was hardly any legal

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Speaker 2: representation at the time, hardly any communication with immigration officials.

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Speaker 2: They just felt that they weren't really getting information from anyone,

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Speaker 2: and it felt abandoned in this little jail, completely out

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Speaker 2: of sight, completely out of mind, And so the Haitians

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Speaker 2: decided to do something about it. They settled on a

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Speaker 2: date that's important for the history of the Haitian Revolution,

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Speaker 2: November eighteenth. That's the day the Haitians won their last

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Speaker 2: battle against the French, a battle that freed Haiti from

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Speaker 2: French colonization, and when Haitians became the first enslaved people

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Speaker 2: to free themselves from slavery, it was a culmination of

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Speaker 2: the first successful slavery volt in world history. Haiti became

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Speaker 2: the first black republic.

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Speaker 4: November eating is a lot fought with the French in

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Speaker 4: cap Haiti. That hand appear role and it's going to

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Speaker 4: be a fighting day because what immigration d is not

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Speaker 4: white and we're going to free ourselves.

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Speaker 3: We're going to get out from the jail. That day.

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Speaker 4: When the brought food, we say we're not eating. We've

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Speaker 4: been waiting for so long and we actual political is

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Speaker 4: how long you have to break up your mind?

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Speaker 3: And but mid day we all work the jail. We

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Speaker 3: all went out.

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Speaker 2: This group of Haitian detainees in this tiny jail surrounded

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Speaker 2: by agricultural fields and swamplands, they break out of jail.

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Speaker 2: This with detainees organizing within the confines of a jail,

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Speaker 2: planning hunger strikes and demanding answers about why they're being

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Speaker 2: locked up. It wasn't exactly in the short term plans

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Speaker 2: for the federal government when the government was really creating

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Speaker 2: all of this on the fly during the presidency of

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Speaker 2: Republican Richard Nixon. Sophear remembers how this jail house revolt

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Speaker 2: went down.

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Speaker 4: There were some materials, wood, piece of wood, four by four,

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Speaker 4: the chair with toy, and nobody get hurt. We just

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Speaker 4: waked the wall and then and we walk out. When

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Speaker 4: we walk out, were saying we stayed. The shooting at us,

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Speaker 4: but nobody get hurt. They shoot on the air and

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Speaker 4: we tell them that we don't intend to escape to fear.

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Speaker 4: We we just think that it is in fair to

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Speaker 4: keep us illegally, and they jail. We want to be free,

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Speaker 4: and they cooperate away and then called it shield everything.

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Speaker 4: We stay outside. They keep shooting on the air to

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Speaker 4: event or escape. But the intention was very clear. We

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Speaker 4: we know if we escape, it's going to be a

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Speaker 4: problem because we want to make a political statement. Especially

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Speaker 4: it was a day of we vote in Haiti, so

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Speaker 4: we're going to revote the same way we vote against

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Speaker 4: their French to we are said from slavery.

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Speaker 2: This spirit of Haitian rebellion against the French colonists, this

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Speaker 2: history of rebellion in search of justice, will continue. To

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Speaker 2: guide Haitian refugees in the many battles that will come.

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Speaker 2: So in a Mocholi Zafar in dozens of fellow Haitians

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Speaker 2: have broken out of the jail and a different group

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Speaker 2: of Haitians were detained after coming from the Bahamas. They

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Speaker 2: don't break out, but they are organizing a kind of

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Speaker 2: rebellion inside the jailhouse. They're demanding that someone, anyone of authority,

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Speaker 2: explain to them why they're being jailed instead of released

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Speaker 2: into the community.

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Speaker 7: It's a really remarkable moment. We see activism in a

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Speaker 7: lot of forums. There's there's letter writing campaigns, there's kind

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Speaker 7: of uprisings within the jail itself, and there's these hunger strikes.

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Speaker 7: All of this is really bad news for the local

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Speaker 7: immigration service because this is not what they want. They

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Speaker 7: kind of want to be able to do this process quietly,

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Speaker 7: and these acts of resistance from detainees threaten their ability

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Speaker 7: to do it quietly.

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Speaker 2: After the uprising ends, the Haitians go back into the

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Speaker 2: jail and there's this one Cuban officer who's from the

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Speaker 2: eastern part of the island where Haitian creole is spoken.

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Speaker 2: Sophia says this officer gave the detainees a very stern

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Speaker 2: talking to He.

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Speaker 4: Said, look, watch is very bad. You book the jail,

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Speaker 4: we can keep you in Miami. You have to option

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Speaker 4: and either you go go back to Haiti or you

375
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Speaker 4: go back will take you to Taxas. So that was

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Speaker 4: the option, and we decided, say we go into take

377
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Speaker 4: us until Washington decide they don't want to release you.

378
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Speaker 4: Now that's basically it. At night, there were several buses

379
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Speaker 4: came to get us. By then do we remove everybody

380
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Speaker 4: from from Immocally, they took us.

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Speaker 2: Brianna Knowefel says when the Haitians started to organize from

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Speaker 2: that jailhouse and a Mochaly, the federal government starts to

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Speaker 2: use transfers from one jail to another. It's a real

384
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Speaker 2: tactic for keeping a little the fact that immigration's attention

385
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Speaker 2: was once again happening in the United States.

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Speaker 7: Basically, in the dead of night, they go to Amcaly.

387
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Speaker 7: They take these people out in a pretty violent way,

388
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Speaker 7: and they put them on these buses and planes to

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Speaker 7: other jails. So most of these jails are further away.

390
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Speaker 7: Four of them are in central Florida. And then they

391
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Speaker 7: also send a decent number of them to Texas, where

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Speaker 7: the Immigration Service has a facility.

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Speaker 2: So in early nineteen seventy four, a Belle John Simonds

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Speaker 2: EPFIR is sitting in a federal detention center in Alpaso, Texas,

395
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Speaker 2: on the US Mexico border. He says it was a

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Speaker 2: pretty uneventful place. The Haitians and some Mexicans play soccer outside,

397
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Speaker 2: then come inside to sleep. And by now he and

398
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Speaker 2: his fellow Haitians have been incarcerated for months in Texas,

399
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Speaker 2: plus the months they spent in a Florida jail.

400
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Speaker 3: And this is when a young Guyndville.

401
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Speaker 2: Killims a man. Turndeville had been locked up with them

402
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Speaker 2: in a mockoly but he was in a separate group

403
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Speaker 2: of Haitians who came from the Bahamas after the uprising.

404
00:26:08,960 --> 00:26:11,600
Speaker 2: Deville was first sent to a jail in the Tampa area,

405
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Speaker 2: but as he faced a final deportation order back to Haiti,

406
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Speaker 2: Deville was transferred to the Dade County Jail in Miami,

407
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Speaker 2: and it was there where he took his own life.

408
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Speaker 4: Is a constant thweat you will be departed your economic

409
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Speaker 4: ef you will be departed. You will be deported, no

410
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Speaker 4: matter how good your story is. And tu Enne Deville,

411
00:26:38,119 --> 00:26:41,520
Speaker 4: who was a young guy. Three months later, it is

412
00:26:41,520 --> 00:26:48,960
Speaker 4: the same as story. Nothing happened and he decided to

413
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Speaker 4: end his life. He hanged him, said inside the jail.

414
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Speaker 4: Then it was a bumpshell.

415
00:27:02,400 --> 00:27:05,120
Speaker 2: The officer in charge of the facility in Apostle, Texas

416
00:27:05,720 --> 00:27:08,480
Speaker 2: calls the Haitian detainees into a room and gives them

417
00:27:08,480 --> 00:27:12,960
Speaker 2: the news, and while he's talking to them, other officers

418
00:27:12,960 --> 00:27:17,320
Speaker 2: come in. Zafear describes it as an incredibly humane moment

419
00:27:17,520 --> 00:27:20,760
Speaker 2: between the Haitians who were in detention and the people

420
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Speaker 2: in charge of their detention.

421
00:27:23,320 --> 00:27:26,800
Speaker 4: And he tells us, look, I know you are I

422
00:27:26,840 --> 00:27:31,400
Speaker 4: know why are you here, but that something happened. It's

423
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Speaker 4: not acceptable and I don't want you to do that.

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Speaker 4: The United States is a great country. You're left, you're

425
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Speaker 4: looking for freedom. Don't do that.

426
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Speaker 3: That was a waste day because we used to eat together.

427
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Speaker 4: They'll see him is a young guy because about foreign

428
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Speaker 4: policy and himself.

429
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Speaker 3: They pray with us to give us hope.

430
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Speaker 4: In Itolos, outside and Houston, there are a lot of

431
00:28:05,840 --> 00:28:11,320
Speaker 4: refugees from other countries and they're doing okay, gloingly days

432
00:28:11,359 --> 00:28:13,000
Speaker 4: a hope one day you.

433
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Speaker 3: Will be free.

434
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Speaker 4: You will be free someday.

435
00:28:19,600 --> 00:28:22,480
Speaker 2: In the days that would come, turn Deville's name could

436
00:28:22,520 --> 00:28:26,560
Speaker 2: be seen on the handwritten signs of protesters. His suicide

437
00:28:26,560 --> 00:28:29,359
Speaker 2: in the Miami jail house really started to wake up

438
00:28:29,400 --> 00:28:34,520
Speaker 2: activism and social consciousness about what was happening with Haitian migrants.

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Speaker 2: The Friendship Baptist Church in today's Little Haiti area of

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Speaker 2: Miami held a funeral service for him, printed out pamphlets

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00:28:42,440 --> 00:28:45,520
Speaker 2: about his case and drew attention to the fact that

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Speaker 2: he was fleeing political persecution and arbitrary detention in Haitian jails,

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Speaker 2: only to find himself detained in jails in the United States.

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Speaker 2: They quoted testimony he gave to Immigration Services, to which

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Speaker 2: he said, quote, if the regime falls today, I'm ready

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Speaker 2: to go back. Otherwise, I will not go back there.

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00:29:08,680 --> 00:29:11,880
Speaker 2: If the United States refuses to help me, send me

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00:29:11,920 --> 00:29:17,840
Speaker 2: to Africa. In the pamphlet, the historically Black Church declares

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00:29:17,880 --> 00:29:36,680
Speaker 2: turn Deville an honorary eternal member of Miami's Black community.

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00:29:36,800 --> 00:29:39,600
Speaker 2: If you or anyone you know needs help, you can

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00:29:39,640 --> 00:29:43,160
Speaker 2: reach the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline by calling or texting

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Speaker 2: the number nine eight eight. That's nine eight eight next

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Speaker 2: time On detention by design, the boats keep coming, the

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Speaker 2: jails start to fill up, and the public starts to

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Speaker 2: pay attention.

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Speaker 5: One of my most vivid memories was the detention of

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Speaker 5: a fourteen year old girl in the West Palm Beach

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Speaker 5: Jail alone without her family, and so it was kind

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Speaker 5: of emblematic of the policy, which was how do we

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Speaker 5: discouragations from coming?

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Speaker 2: Detention by Design is a production of WLRN news. It's

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Speaker 2: edited by Alicia Zuckerman. We also had editing help from

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Speaker 2: Tracy Egbass and Tim Pagett. Thanks to to the rest

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Speaker 2: of the WLRN newsroom. Fact checking by Amy Tardif. Jacqueline

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Speaker 2: Charles is our consultant. Engineering in sound design by Merrit Jacob.

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Speaker 2: Detention by Design is reported and produced by me Danny

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Speaker 2: Rivero