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Speaker 1: As the story goes, a young girl lived with her

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Speaker 1: family deep in the woods of Wisconsin, and those woods

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Speaker 1: were thick and dark. In fact, the woods were so

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Speaker 1: dense that the trees existed as far as the eye

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Speaker 1: could see, and beyond that more woods. A traveler heading

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Speaker 1: north from the little gray Log cabin wouldn't come upon

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Speaker 1: another house or road for nearly a month. The young

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Speaker 1: girl and her family lived alone, with no one but

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Speaker 1: trees and wild animals to keep them company. It was

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Speaker 1: just Laura, her parents, sisters Mary and Carrie, and their

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Speaker 1: devoted dog Jack. Life was an adventure, but hardly easy.

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Speaker 1: The family had to grow or catch their own food.

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Speaker 1: The story, which takes place in the late eighteen hundreds,

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Speaker 1: is mostly true. You see, Laura, the author skillfully blended

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Speaker 1: fiction with experiences from her childhood. Together with her daughter Rose,

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Speaker 1: Laura's novel became one of America's mother read and loved

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Speaker 1: children's books. Rose continued to be her mother's editor, and

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Speaker 1: soon other books followed. Little House in the Big Woods.

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Speaker 1: The third and most famous book follows the family as

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Speaker 1: they moved to Independence, Kansas. In the third book, we

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Speaker 1: learn of a different life for the family. One of

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Speaker 1: peril and difficulties. Although the land belonged to the Osage

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Speaker 1: tribe of Native Americans, the family and a handful of

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Speaker 1: other settlers still built small farms, much to the disapproval

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Speaker 1: of those who owned them. Eventually, though the family was

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Speaker 1: forced to leave. This book and the six others that

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Speaker 1: followed help establish America's view of life on the frontier.

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Speaker 1: Decades later, the book would inspire the classic Western TV

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Speaker 1: drama of the same name, Little House on the Prairie.

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Speaker 1: The novels focused on the Ingles family and their struggle

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Speaker 1: during tough economic times after the Civil War. Laura wrote

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Speaker 1: about the homestead pushes westward, the forced displacement of Native

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Speaker 1: Americans from their land, railroads, recession, and devastating illnesses. Laura

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Speaker 1: Ingalls was born in eighteen sixty seven. Her earliest memories

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Speaker 1: were of life in the woods, a few miles from Pepin, Wisconsin.

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Speaker 1: At eighteen, Laura followed in her family's path. She married

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Speaker 1: Almonzo Wilder, ten years her senior, and like her parents, Laura, Almonzo,

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Speaker 1: and their daughter Rose moved from place to place seeking

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Speaker 1: financial stability. When her husband suffered partial paralysis from complications

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Speaker 1: of diphtheria. Laura took in borders and waited on tables

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Speaker 1: to make ends meet until he recovered. She also wrote

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Speaker 1: magazine articles for McCalls and Country Gentlemen. Her columns about politics,

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Speaker 1: women's suffrage, and farm life were popular with readers. When

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Speaker 1: the stock market crash wiped out her family savings, though

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Speaker 1: Laura did what she always had. She climbed out of

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Speaker 1: a tough situation. She began to write books based on

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Speaker 1: her life experiences and the rest, as they say, is history.

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Speaker 1: When we imagine the Wild West, we think of cowboys,

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Speaker 1: Native Americans, and stage coaches filled with settlers heading west.

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Speaker 1: And of course we picture saloons, shootouts and legendary outlaws.

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Speaker 1: But how much is fact and how much is fiction?

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Speaker 1: Like miners panning for gold, it turns out that even

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Speaker 1: among legendary tales, there's always a little nugget of truth.

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Speaker 1: So saddle up, partner, You're in for quite a ride,

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Speaker 1: because this isn't the story of how the American West

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Speaker 1: was won, but how it was spun. I'm Aaron Mankee,

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Speaker 1: and welcome to the Wild West. It's rare when historians

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Speaker 1: can agree that a particular ideology began on a specific date.

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Speaker 1: Despite the oppressive hot temperatures of July twelfth of eighteen

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Speaker 1: ninety three, thousands of people flocked to the Chicago World's

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Speaker 1: Columbian Exhibition. Visitors were treated to the world's largest fair

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Speaker 1: ever hosted with more shows, games, food, and lectures than

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Speaker 1: any other before it. One of the most popular attractions

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Speaker 1: was the ferris Wheel and the Other Buffalo, Bill Cody's

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Speaker 1: Wild West Show. Cody knew how to draw crowds, and

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Speaker 1: the grand stands were packed. Advertised as the greatest equestrian

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Speaker 1: event of the century, over four hundred and fifty horseback

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Speaker 1: riders participated, from trained military cavalry to cowboys, Native Americans

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Speaker 1: and writers from other countries. The tricks and show that

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Speaker 1: they put on were unrivaled. Before the exposition, Cody put

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Speaker 1: on a parade and hosted a picnic for poor children

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Speaker 1: who otherwise might not be able to see him. Billboards,

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Speaker 1: illustrating an overly sensational portrayal of life in the Great Frontier,

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Speaker 1: captured the attention of children and adults throughout Chicago. Hundreds

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Speaker 1: of historians attended the exposition, eager to record and participate

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Speaker 1: in the historic event. With so much to see and

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Speaker 1: do few took note of a thirty one year old

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Speaker 1: historian named Frederick Jackson Turner when he stepped up to

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Speaker 1: the podium. The Midwest and West had been the driving

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Speaker 1: force that brought the American people together as one. He

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Speaker 1: told his peers, immigrants were freed from the stigma that

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Speaker 1: they and their ancestors had brought across the Atlantic. When

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Speaker 1: immigrants and descendants of earlier settlers made their way west,

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Speaker 1: people across America had been determined to conquer and tame

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Speaker 1: the West, regardless of the cost. He claimed that the

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Speaker 1: white Americans duty was to bring customs, culture, and religion

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Speaker 1: to the savage indigenous people. And I hope you can

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Speaker 1: hear the massive air quotes I used there around the

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Speaker 1: word savage. Over time, Turner's thesis on the frontier would

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Speaker 1: be retold in political speech and taught in American academia.

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Speaker 1: His speech helped define our beliefs on early settlement in

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Speaker 1: the wild West. Soon tales of railroad expansion and bold

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Speaker 1: train robberies were handed down. Stories of saloons and the

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Speaker 1: gold Rush delighted listeners from cowtowns to ghost towns. Stories

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Speaker 1: of the Wild West became popular fights with Native Americans,

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Speaker 1: shootouts on dusty streets at high noon, and legends of

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Speaker 1: the most notorious outlaws to ever live found their way

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Speaker 1: to our history books. Ranchers to farm hands shared their

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Speaker 1: experiences and perils, and like most tales, many were embellished.

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Speaker 1: Even so, those living on the East Coast eagerly read

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Speaker 1: magazine articles, memoirs, and newspaper stories all about the frontier.

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Speaker 1: As with many a great story, they often have a

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Speaker 1: way of twisting and turning. With each retelling of the facts,

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Speaker 1: myth and legend become so entwined that it's nearly impossible

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Speaker 1: to separate them. The Wild West Era, otherwise known as

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Speaker 1: the Old West Era, began just at the end of

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Speaker 1: the Civil War in eighteen sixty five and continued through

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Speaker 1: the eighteen nineties. In those short twenty five years, we've

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Speaker 1: romanticized a good portion of it. So before we dig in,

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Speaker 1: there are a few creative, but slightly misguided beliefs about

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Speaker 1: the area that we need to discuss. Today, we picture

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Speaker 1: cowboys wearing large stetson hats. It's a great look, but

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Speaker 1: mostly inaccurate. Stetson's weren't in style at the time. Instead,

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Speaker 1: most men wore bowler hats, and those odd saloon doors

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Speaker 1: that hung from chest height to knee length also not accurate.

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Speaker 1: I'm sorry to say the doors were actually floor to

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Speaker 1: ceiling length to keep out the dust. Hei noun. Shootouts

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Speaker 1: weren't common either, and those bank robberies, well, historians speculate

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Speaker 1: that you'd be more likely to witness a bank robbery

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Speaker 1: today than back then. So what about all the stories

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Speaker 1: of Butch Cassidy and Jesse James, Well, it comes down

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Speaker 1: to fame, you see, bank robberies were challenging to pull off,

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Speaker 1: so a successful heist made outlaws instantly famous. And speaking

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Speaker 1: of these famous outlaws, there's probably no greater tale of

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Speaker 1: the American West than the life and times of Robert

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Speaker 1: Leroy Parker, although, as you might have already guessed, that's

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Speaker 1: not the name most people remember him by. Robert Leroy

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Speaker 1: Parker entered the world on Friday the thirteenth in April

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Speaker 1: of eighteen sixty six in Beaver, Utah. His parents and grandparents,

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Speaker 1: along with their founder, Joseph Smith, were devout Mormons who

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Speaker 1: finally settled in Utah when Parker turned thirteen. The family

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Speaker 1: eventually moved to a small, unassuming one room farmhouse near Circleville.

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Speaker 1: For those who love odd facts, thirteen came up a

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Speaker 1: lot in Parker's history because he was also one of

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Speaker 1: thirteen children. For entertainment, the family sang and played music together.

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Speaker 1: Parker and his siblings enjoyed each other's company, often creating

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Speaker 1: new games to play. They were also mischievous. One day,

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Speaker 1: Missus Parker noticed the chickens acting strangely. It turned out

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Speaker 1: that the chickens were drunk. Her children had stolen some

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Speaker 1: of the neighbor's wine and added it to the chickens

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Speaker 1: water pans. Otherwise, life was typical for the family. They

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Speaker 1: raised cattle, and while his siblings helped on his parents' ranch,

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Speaker 1: Parker worked at other ranches to help support the family,

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Speaker 1: and that work took Parker further and further away from

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Speaker 1: his family and the church. It was at one of

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Speaker 1: the many ranches in western Utah that Parker met Mike Cassidy.

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Speaker 1: Part time cow hand and full time wrestler, Mike Cassidy

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Speaker 1: frequently found himself at odds with the law. Parker shared

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Speaker 1: his new mentor's distrust of the law. After a brief

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Speaker 1: run in when he was young, he had run an

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Speaker 1: errand to the general store, only to find it closed,

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Speaker 1: and not wanting to make the journey back empty handed,

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Speaker 1: he took a pair of pants and left a note

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Speaker 1: to the shopkeeper promising to return with the money. He

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Speaker 1: was arrested, but the ShopKeep eventually dropped the charges. Some

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Speaker 1: say it was this experience and Cassidy's influence that soured

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Speaker 1: Parker on law enforcement. Mike Cassidy took Parker under his

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Speaker 1: wing and taught him how to shoot a gun and

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Speaker 1: train horses. Not long after, though, he left the ranch,

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Speaker 1: leaving Parker behind. So when Parker turned eighteen, he also left,

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Speaker 1: hoping to find more in life than farming and cattle.

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Speaker 1: He moved around for while before settling until You Ride Colorado.

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Speaker 1: In eighteen twenty one, Parker met Matt Warner, who owned

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Speaker 1: a race horse. With Parker's knowledge of training horses, the

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Speaker 1: two paired up and split the horse's winnings. It wasn't enough, though,

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Speaker 1: and Warner suggested a side job a bank robbery, and

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Speaker 1: Parker agreed. Now it's unclear why Parker changed his name

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Speaker 1: to Cassidy around this time. It could have been to

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Speaker 1: honor his mentor to protect his family, or even to

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Speaker 1: create a different persona regardless, Cassidy, Warner and two other

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Speaker 1: men robbed the San Miguel Bank of twenty one thousand

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Speaker 1: dollars worth approximately half a million dollars today. Unfortunately, the

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Speaker 1: men spent a large portion of the money at saloons

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Speaker 1: and brothels. Cassidy left till You Ride with what little

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Speaker 1: money he hadn't squandered, and found work as a butcher

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Speaker 1: in Rock Springs, Wyoming. Before long, the people of a

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Speaker 1: small town began calling him Butcher Cassidy, and then just

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Speaker 1: Butch Cassidy, as you might have guessed. Though, he grew

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Speaker 1: tired of working at as a butcher and purchased a

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Speaker 1: ranch in Du Bois. Though the ranch was more of

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Speaker 1: a front for a Cassidy's rustling business than a place

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Speaker 1: to actually raise cattle, the venture proved successful until eighteen

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Speaker 1: ninety four, when the local sheriff arrested Cassidy for stealing horses.

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Speaker 1: The eighteen month long sentence did little to deter him

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Speaker 1: from returning to a life of crime, though. After that

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Speaker 1: he banded together with best friend William elz Ellsworth, Lay

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Speaker 1: Harvey kid Curry Logan, and Ben Tall Texan Kilpatrick among

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Speaker 1: many others. Together, they called themselves the Wild Bunch, and

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Speaker 1: in August of eighteen ninety six, they robbed a bank

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Speaker 1: of seven thousand dollars, a fortune by today's standards. A

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Speaker 1: whole string of other robberies followed in South Dakota, New Mexico, Wyoming, Utah,

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Speaker 1: and Montana. The gang used a place called the Hole

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Speaker 1: in the Wall Pass as their hideout, a popular stretch

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Speaker 1: of land among outlaws in Wyoming. Their success also meant

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Speaker 1: that they were wanted men, and many a town sheriff

196
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Speaker 1: were eager to hunt them down. In eighteen ninety nine,

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Speaker 1: local law enforcement arrested a few of the Wild Bunch,

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Speaker 1: including Cassidy's best friend Elsie Lay. To fill the void

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Speaker 1: in their lineup, Kid Curry brought in a newcomer, Harry Longabau.

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Speaker 1: Don't recognize the name, Well, that's because his nickname is

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Speaker 1: infinitely more famous. Harry Longabow, you see, was the Sun

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Speaker 1: Dance Kid. Harry Alonzo Longabau was just a year younger

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Speaker 1: than Butch Cassidy. Back when he was fifteen, he was

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Speaker 1: sent to help his cousin George suttle out west in Cortes, Colorado,

205
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Speaker 1: while helping his cousin settle in, Harry worked at a

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Speaker 1: neighboring ranch, learning to buy and sell horses. That trade

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Speaker 1: offered other opportunities for work, and he soon left Cortes

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Speaker 1: in eighteen eighty six, taking on a job at a

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Speaker 1: ranch in Montana. Now Montana winters are hard, and that

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Speaker 1: year was worse than most. The ranch let go of

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Speaker 1: many of its ranch hands, so Harry drifted for a while,

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Speaker 1: but finding work seemed harder than the winter itself. Now,

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Speaker 1: his travels took him to a ranch near Sundance, Wyoming,

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Speaker 1: where he stole a horse, a saddle, and a gun.

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Speaker 1: The theft landed him an eighteen month prison sentence. Then

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Speaker 1: the story of it all gave him his nickname, the

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Speaker 1: Sun Dance Kid. It was in eighteen ninety seven that

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Speaker 1: he met the Wild Bunch member Kid Curry, and they

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Speaker 1: robbed bank together in South Dakota. Authorities did capture them,

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Speaker 1: but the outlaws escaped a few months later. After that,

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Speaker 1: the pair made their way to the Wild Bunch's hideout.

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Speaker 1: While Cassidy and Sundance weren't the best friends that the

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Speaker 1: legends would have us believe, they did work well together

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Speaker 1: and they began making a name for themselves, although not

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Speaker 1: just as outlaws. You see, Cassidy never resorted to violence,

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Speaker 1: at least he claimed that he never shot anyone. And

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Speaker 1: another thing that made the pair stand out was that

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Speaker 1: they occasionally gave some of their stolen money to those

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Speaker 1: in need, like a Wild West version of Robin Hood.

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Speaker 1: Cassidy's read mutation for helping those in need made the

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Speaker 1: Outlaws popular among the common folk across several states. Soft

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Speaker 1: hearted and shrewd marketing plan, this alliance between townsfolk and

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Speaker 1: outlaws made capturing them a lot more difficult, and the

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Speaker 1: Wild Bunch had another ally at a place Sundance met

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Speaker 1: Ella sometime in the eighteen nineties, and the bond that

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Speaker 1: they formed helped to romanticize the legend. But heroes are outlaws,

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Speaker 1: the gang presented a growing problem to the authorities. The

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Speaker 1: Wild Bunch robbed a Union Pacific Railroad train on June

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Speaker 1: second of eighteen ninety nine of around fifty thousand dollars,

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Speaker 1: which would be worth over one point eight million today.

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Speaker 1: The gang had successfully pulled off the most incredible train

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Speaker 1: robbery in history. A month later, Cassidy stayed behind while

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Speaker 1: the rest of the Wild Bunch robbed the Colorado and

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Speaker 1: Southern Railroad for a similar amount. This time, though authorities

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Speaker 1: caught up with the gang. The ensuing gun battle killed

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Speaker 1: men on both sides. Els A Lay was arrested and

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Speaker 1: sentenced to life in print in for killing a sheriff.

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Speaker 1: As for the rest of the Wild Bunch, Federal authorities

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Speaker 1: called in the Pinkerton Agency for assistance, offering a thirty

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Speaker 1: thousand dollars reward. In nineteen hundred, Cassidy wrote a letter

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Speaker 1: to Utah's governor asking for amnesty. The governor suggested that

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Speaker 1: Cassidy ask the Union Pacific Railroad to drop the charges instead,

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Speaker 1: butch Cassidy and the Sundance kid robbed another one of

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Speaker 1: their trains on August twenty ninth of nineteen hundred, noting

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Speaker 1: them fifty five thousand dollars, hardly the letter the railroad

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Speaker 1: was expecting. I'm sure Cassidy and Sundance fled to New

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Speaker 1: York after that. In nineteen oh one, the men, along

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Speaker 1: with at a Place, headed to Buenos Aires to settle

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Speaker 1: into a new life there. The trio even purchased a

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Speaker 1: fifteen thousand acre ranch on Rio Blanco's East bank and

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Speaker 1: Here's where Cassidy and Sundance made a fatal mistake. They

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Speaker 1: went back to a life of crime. The men you see,

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Speaker 1: sold everything and went on the run once again. By

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Speaker 1: nineteen oh four, word of English speaking outlaws had reached

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Speaker 1: the United Slime States. They were wanted by the South

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Speaker 1: American government, and now the Pinkerton Agency had sent their

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Speaker 1: best to track them down.

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Speaker 2: There.

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Speaker 1: A courier for a silver mine claimed that two American

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Speaker 1: bandits had robbed them, and witnesses told authorities that they

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Speaker 1: spotted the men at a boarding house. Three days later.

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Speaker 1: Bolivian soldiers and the local police surrounded the house on

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Speaker 1: the evening of November sixth of nineteen oh eight. Bolivia's

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Speaker 1: mayor also showed up, intent on personally handcuffing the outlaws himself.

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Speaker 1: I'm sure it was a great plan, but it didn't

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Speaker 1: work out that way. Shots rang out, killing one of

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Speaker 1: the soldiers. The other soldiers and the police returned fire,

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Speaker 1: not stopping until they had riddled the walls with bullet holes.

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Speaker 1: After a brief moment of quiet, screaming erupted from within

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Speaker 1: the house. The crack of two gunshots followed, and then silence.

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Speaker 1: Soldiers burst into the house and found two men dead

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Speaker 1: on the floor. After a legendary career, Butch Cassidy and

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Speaker 1: the sun Dance Kid had reached the end of the line.

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Speaker 1: Both bodies had several gunshot wounds. The man believed to

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Speaker 1: be Sundance had been shot between the eye's execution style.

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Speaker 1: The other body had a fatal bullet wound in the head.

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Speaker 1: It appeared that Cassidy had shot Sundance to put him

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Speaker 1: out of his pain from the other wounds, and then

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00:17:24,359 --> 00:17:28,080
Speaker 1: turned the gun on himself rather than be captured. Bolivian

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00:17:28,119 --> 00:17:31,560
Speaker 1: officials buried the bodies in the San Vicente Cemetery in

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Speaker 1: unmarked graves. With that, both countries moved on. But there

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00:17:36,080 --> 00:17:39,160
Speaker 1: was a problem. The men who robbed the courier might

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Speaker 1: not have been Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. Eventually,

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Speaker 1: whispers of their escape began to spread. Rumors soon became legend,

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Speaker 1: arguably one of the most famous stories of the Wild West.

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Speaker 1: So what happened to the outlaws? Did they die in

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Speaker 1: a blaze of glory as depicted in the nineteen sixty

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Speaker 1: nine films starring Paul Newman and Robert Redford, or did

299
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Speaker 1: they escape in the nineteen nineties, researchers set out to

300
00:18:04,840 --> 00:18:08,040
Speaker 1: find their graves and put the long standing rumors to rest.

301
00:18:08,520 --> 00:18:11,520
Speaker 1: They tested the remains of the men buried in several graves,

302
00:18:11,840 --> 00:18:15,520
Speaker 1: but none of them was a genetic match. Another researcher

303
00:18:15,560 --> 00:18:19,120
Speaker 1: in twenty seventeen tried it again with the same results.

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Speaker 1: Whoever the men buried in the unmarked graves were, they

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00:18:22,440 --> 00:18:26,720
Speaker 1: were not related to the infamous outlaws. Today, some historians

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00:18:26,760 --> 00:18:29,000
Speaker 1: think that it's possible that the men inside the boarding

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Speaker 1: house weren't Cassidy or sun Dance. They theorized that the

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00:18:32,640 --> 00:18:36,200
Speaker 1: Bolivian authorities killed two run of the mill robbers instead.

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00:18:36,680 --> 00:18:40,520
Speaker 1: But it gets even more intriguing. Residents of Bags, Wyoming

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Speaker 1: say Cassidy visited there in nineteen twenty four, driving a

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Speaker 1: Ford Model tee around town. Cassidy's surviving family said that

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00:18:48,160 --> 00:18:50,960
Speaker 1: they had seen him several times, and those in Cassidy's

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00:18:51,000 --> 00:18:53,600
Speaker 1: hometown of Circleville claimed that they saw him and his

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Speaker 1: brother Mark driving around in the same Ford. Cassidy's sister

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Speaker 1: Lula told reporters that she remembered his return clearly. It

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Speaker 1: was nineteen twenty four and he had driven up in

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00:19:04,000 --> 00:19:06,879
Speaker 1: a Ford Model tea. Later that day, she and her

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00:19:06,920 --> 00:19:10,560
Speaker 1: brother sat together eating blueberry pie. Lula said that her

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Speaker 1: brother regretted the mess that he had made of his

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Speaker 1: life and for disappointing their mother. And when he died

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Speaker 1: on an autumn day in nineteen thirty seven from pneumonia,

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Speaker 1: the family made a pact tell no one where they

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Speaker 1: had buried him. He'd been chased all his life, and

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Speaker 1: they thought that he deserved to rest in peace. Now

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00:19:27,920 --> 00:19:30,600
Speaker 1: there's no word on whatever happened to Sundance Kid or

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Speaker 1: his girlfriend at a place. In her book, Butch Cassidy

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Speaker 1: my brother, Lula claims that the pair went straight after

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Speaker 1: that night in Bolivia. The truth remains a mystery to

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00:19:40,760 --> 00:19:43,800
Speaker 1: this day. Tales of Butch Cassidy living out the rest

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00:19:43,800 --> 00:19:47,000
Speaker 1: of his days under a fake name still circulate like

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00:19:47,080 --> 00:19:50,360
Speaker 1: dust in a sandstorm, passed along from family to family

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Speaker 1: and generation to generation. Wherever Butch Cassidy is buried, we

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00:19:55,400 --> 00:19:59,119
Speaker 1: may never know. Lula was his last surviving sibling. She

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00:19:59,200 --> 00:20:01,399
Speaker 1: passed away at the the ripe old age of ninety

335
00:20:01,440 --> 00:20:04,960
Speaker 1: six back in nineteen eighty, taking the answers to the

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00:20:05,040 --> 00:20:15,320
Speaker 1: mystery to the grave. There are few legendary characters that

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00:20:15,400 --> 00:20:18,160
Speaker 1: embody the Wild West. Like Butch Cassidy and the Sun

338
00:20:18,240 --> 00:20:22,920
Speaker 1: Dance Kid. Between their robin hood esque reputation, massive success,

339
00:20:23,320 --> 00:20:27,680
Speaker 1: and mysterious ending, their story has all the ingredients necessary

340
00:20:27,800 --> 00:20:30,480
Speaker 1: to make a legend. But they aren't the only ones.

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Speaker 1: And if you stick around through this brief sponsor break,

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00:20:33,560 --> 00:20:37,080
Speaker 1: my teammates Ali Stead will tell you all about one

343
00:20:37,200 --> 00:20:38,880
Speaker 1: more Wild West legend.

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Speaker 2: Prospector Ed Schefflin had been warned. Soldiers at an Arizona

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00:20:49,000 --> 00:20:52,200
Speaker 2: Army outpost told him he'd find nothing except his own

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00:20:52,280 --> 00:20:56,200
Speaker 2: tombstone near the Dragoon Mountains in eighteen seventy seven. They

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00:20:56,200 --> 00:20:59,879
Speaker 2: called the area goose Flats, and Ed ignored their warning.

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Speaker 2: As it turned out, he didn't find his tombstone out there,

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Speaker 2: he did find something else, something better. He found silver

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Speaker 2: and soon founded a mine, ironically naming a Tombstone. By

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Speaker 2: eighteen eighty, settlers named a nearby town Tombstone after Ed's mine.

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Speaker 2: Home to over one hundred saloons, fourteen gambling houses, a

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Speaker 2: dance hall, and a popular red light district, the town

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Speaker 2: became one of the West's wealthiest and most populated. Tombstone

355
00:21:30,160 --> 00:21:33,080
Speaker 2: was very new, and like many Western mining towns, the

356
00:21:33,160 --> 00:21:36,080
Speaker 2: influx of outlaws and wrestlers made it difficult for lawmen

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00:21:36,200 --> 00:21:40,080
Speaker 2: to keep the peace. Everyone carried a gun and the

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00:21:40,080 --> 00:21:43,720
Speaker 2: townsfolk were no strangers to violence. To make Tombstone a

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Speaker 2: safer place to live, the town decided to name a

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Speaker 2: new marshal in eighteen eighty one, and they chose Virgil Irp.

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00:21:51,520 --> 00:21:54,800
Speaker 2: Virgil and his brothers Wyatt, Morgan and James, had moved

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00:21:54,800 --> 00:21:59,360
Speaker 2: to Tombstone in December eighteen seventy nine. Wyatt loved boomtowns

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00:21:59,440 --> 00:22:01,960
Speaker 2: and gambling, so it was little surprised that the brothers

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00:22:02,000 --> 00:22:05,520
Speaker 2: opened a few saloons and brothels, though Virgil also found

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Speaker 2: work as a bank guard. Wyatt brought his friend and

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Speaker 2: fellow gambler, Doc Holiday, into the fold, and the group

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Speaker 2: quickly gained a reputation for their ruthlessness and determination to

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Speaker 2: keep the peace by any means necessary. But not everyone

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00:22:18,800 --> 00:22:20,639
Speaker 2: liked the IRPs or the way they ran the town.

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Speaker 2: On the outskirts of Tombstone were ranches belonging to the

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Speaker 2: Clantons and the mclory's. The two groups loosely formed a

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Speaker 2: band of outlaws known as the Cowboys. Being thieves and rustlers,

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00:22:31,920 --> 00:22:35,480
Speaker 2: the cowboys constantly challenged the Rps for control over the town.

374
00:22:35,960 --> 00:22:39,159
Speaker 2: The townsfolk knew this and watched a storm brewing between

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Speaker 2: the lawmen and the outlaws. One night in late October

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00:22:43,920 --> 00:22:46,439
Speaker 2: of eighteen eighty one, Doc Holliday and one of the

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00:22:46,440 --> 00:22:51,359
Speaker 2: cowboys got into a heated argument. Outnumbered and underprepared, Ike

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00:22:51,480 --> 00:22:54,800
Speaker 2: Clanton stormed off, telling Wyater that he and the others

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00:22:54,840 --> 00:22:58,040
Speaker 2: would be ready for him, his brothers, and Holiday in

380
00:22:58,080 --> 00:23:01,040
Speaker 2: the morning. It was a threat that Clantons made good on.

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00:23:01,400 --> 00:23:04,439
Speaker 2: They arrived the next morning with the full intent of

382
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Speaker 2: causing trouble, and fully armed. Gunfights broke out across the town.

383
00:23:09,280 --> 00:23:12,280
Speaker 2: Virgil and Morgan caught and disarmed Ike and dragged him

384
00:23:12,320 --> 00:23:15,720
Speaker 2: before a judge, but he was only fined and then released.

385
00:23:16,560 --> 00:23:19,960
Speaker 2: Ike's younger brother and the Mcloryes arrived later that day.

386
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Speaker 2: Intent on retaliation. The group headed to the Ok Corral,

387
00:23:24,200 --> 00:23:27,280
Speaker 2: where witnesses heard them talking about killing the IRPs and Holiday.

388
00:23:27,720 --> 00:23:30,040
Speaker 2: The IRPs decided they'd had enough of the gangs and

389
00:23:30,119 --> 00:23:33,040
Speaker 2: made their way to confront them. The weather was cold

390
00:23:33,080 --> 00:23:36,119
Speaker 2: that afternoon as the IRPs and Holidays strode down the street,

391
00:23:36,240 --> 00:23:39,920
Speaker 2: their long black coats rustling in the wind. Residents stood

392
00:23:40,000 --> 00:23:43,399
Speaker 2: quietly as the lawmen passed. Others peeked out from cracks

393
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Speaker 2: and doorways and behind curtains at the windows. Under a

394
00:23:46,760 --> 00:23:50,480
Speaker 2: clear sky, a storm was brewing. As the two groups

395
00:23:50,520 --> 00:23:54,040
Speaker 2: faced each other, witnesses held their breaths. No one was

396
00:23:54,080 --> 00:23:56,760
Speaker 2: expecting the confrontation to end well, as the IRPs and

397
00:23:56,800 --> 00:24:01,760
Speaker 2: Holiday were easily outnumbered. Completely undeterred, Virgil demanded the cowboys

398
00:24:01,840 --> 00:24:07,520
Speaker 2: drop their weapons. The cowboys scoffed and refused, not so politely.

399
00:24:07,920 --> 00:24:11,320
Speaker 2: Clinton drew his gun. The IRPs and Holiday quickly drew Theirs,

400
00:24:11,640 --> 00:24:15,240
Speaker 2: and the shootout began. No one knows who fired first,

401
00:24:15,600 --> 00:24:18,280
Speaker 2: but that didn't matter. Bullets whizzed through the air and

402
00:24:18,320 --> 00:24:21,880
Speaker 2: bystanders ran for cover. When the dust settled, Billy Clanton,

403
00:24:22,080 --> 00:24:26,040
Speaker 2: Frank McLaury, and Tom McLaury lay dead. Ike Clanton and

404
00:24:26,160 --> 00:24:29,680
Speaker 2: two other cowboys escaped unharmed, though Doc Holliday and the

405
00:24:29,720 --> 00:24:34,800
Speaker 2: Earps survived. Only Wyatt remained uninjured. The shootout lasted less

406
00:24:34,800 --> 00:24:38,280
Speaker 2: than thirty seconds, but its impact was only just beginning.

407
00:24:38,920 --> 00:24:42,120
Speaker 2: Ike Clanton claimed the IRPs had shot down his family

408
00:24:42,240 --> 00:24:45,320
Speaker 2: and the two mclory boys in cold blood, but by

409
00:24:45,320 --> 00:24:48,000
Speaker 2: Tombstone law, the ERPs were within their rights to shoot

410
00:24:48,040 --> 00:24:51,679
Speaker 2: anyone who was armed and threatening violence, and after a hearing,

411
00:24:51,920 --> 00:24:55,200
Speaker 2: a judge acquitted the ERPs and Holiday. But the feud

412
00:24:55,240 --> 00:24:59,520
Speaker 2: didn't end there. Outlaws ambushed Vigil on December twenty eighth

413
00:24:59,600 --> 00:25:02,200
Speaker 2: of eighteen Needy one. They shot him in the back,

414
00:25:02,520 --> 00:25:06,520
Speaker 2: and he survived, but he was left maimed. The following March,

415
00:25:06,640 --> 00:25:10,440
Speaker 2: Morgan was shot and killed while playing pool. Not long afterwards,

416
00:25:10,440 --> 00:25:15,840
Speaker 2: Whyat became a US Deputy Marshal. Seeking justice, or some argue, vengeance,

417
00:25:16,200 --> 00:25:18,960
Speaker 2: he deputized Doc Holliday, and the pair set out to

418
00:25:19,040 --> 00:25:23,200
Speaker 2: find Morgan's killers. For those who love a more pendantic

419
00:25:23,240 --> 00:25:25,800
Speaker 2: and picky approach to their folklore, it must be said

420
00:25:25,800 --> 00:25:29,760
Speaker 2: that the actual shootout occurred on Fremont Street, about six

421
00:25:29,880 --> 00:25:33,440
Speaker 2: doors down from the Ok Corral. Even still, this was

422
00:25:33,480 --> 00:25:36,040
Speaker 2: a moment that had become a symbol of the Wild West,

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00:25:36,520 --> 00:25:39,440
Speaker 2: one that has been told and retold throughout the years.

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Speaker 2: Accurate or not, this piece of American folklore will most

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Speaker 2: likely live on for decades to come.

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Speaker 1: Grimm and Mount Presents The Wild West was executive produced

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Speaker 1: by me Aaron Manky and hosted by Aaron Mankey and

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Speaker 1: Alexandra Steed. Writing for this season was provided by Michelle Mudo,

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Speaker 1: with research by Alexandra Steed, Sam Elberti, Cassandra de Alba,

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Speaker 1: and Harry Marx. Fact Checking was performed by Jamie Vargas,

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Speaker 1: with sensitivity reading by Stacy Parshall Jensen. Production assistance was

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Speaker 1: provided by Josh Stain, Jesse Funk, Alex Williams, and Matt Frederick.

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Speaker 1: To learn more about this and other shows from Grim

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Speaker 1: and Mild and iHeartRadio, visit Grimandmild dot com