Speaker 1: Welcome to Criminalia, a production of Shonda Land Audio in
Speaker 1: partnership with I Heart Radio. Welcome to Criminalia, where it's
Speaker 1: pirate season. We're exploring the lives and motivations of some
Speaker 1: of the most notorious freebooters throughout history. I'm Rachel Marquis
Speaker 1: and I'm Holly Fry. And we noticed a pattern emerging
Speaker 1: this season, one in which a particular pirate named Charles
Speaker 1: Vane makes little appearances across more than a few episodes.
Speaker 1: So clearly the universe has spoken, it is whispering the
Speaker 1: name Charles Vane. So let's talk about Charles Vane and
Speaker 1: how he was a pirate through and through. We've talked
Speaker 1: about this one particular book in previous episode called A
Speaker 1: General History of the Robberies and Murders of the Most
Speaker 1: Notorious Pirates, and it was published in so this is
Speaker 1: contemporary to Charles Vain. Within the two volume set is
Speaker 1: a chapter about Charles Vane. He was not an insignificant pirate.
Speaker 1: He was murderous, He parted with Blackbeard, and it's in
Speaker 1: this chapter where we find that he's also described as
Speaker 1: being cowardly at his execution and unrepentant of his life.
Speaker 1: As a pirate. Very little is actually known about Charles
Speaker 1: Vane's early life. We do know that he was born
Speaker 1: in sixteen eighty in England, but we do not know
Speaker 1: his place of birth. We don't know who his parents were,
Speaker 1: and we don't know what, if any, formal education he had.
Speaker 1: We do know that in his adulthood he was living
Speaker 1: in Port Royal, Jamaica, and had relocated there sometime during
Speaker 1: the War of Spanish Succession, so likely sometime between seventeen
Speaker 1: o one and seventeen fourteen. Let's stop for a minute
Speaker 1: for a quick note on this war. A high level overview,
Speaker 1: which is always really difficult to do right, can put
Speaker 1: us all in the right time and place at least.
Speaker 1: So this particular war comes up a lot in the
Speaker 1: pirate lives we talk about because it overlaps with the
Speaker 1: golden age of piracy, and sometimes pirates were pulled into it,
Speaker 1: either because of financial gain or because of the promise
Speaker 1: of plundering. The war arose out of the disputed succession
Speaker 1: to the throne of Spain following the death of King
Speaker 1: Charles the Second. The king had died without an air
Speaker 1: that's a story we've heard before, and there was a
Speaker 1: disagreement whether the Spanish Empire should pass to the House
Speaker 1: of Bourbon or the House of Habsburg, both of which
Speaker 1: claimed rights. There was also disagreement as to whether or
Speaker 1: not land and control should be partitioned in an effort
Speaker 1: to keep the balance of power in Europe. Ultimately, when
Speaker 1: the war ended, Britain emerged as a rapidly growing colonial power.
Speaker 1: Charles Vane's name becomes part of recorded history when he
Speaker 1: began his career as a private year paid to work
Speaker 1: on one of Lord Archibald Hamilton's ships during the war.
Speaker 1: Lord Hamilton's was born into a wealthy and influential Scottish
Speaker 1: noble family, and he was an officer of the Royal Navy.
Speaker 1: He was also a wig politician who sat in the
Speaker 1: House of Commons at this part in this story. In
Speaker 1: seventeen eleven, Hamilton's was made governor of the British Colony
Speaker 1: of Jamaica by Queen Anne of Great Britain and Ireland.
Speaker 1: But there was something else bubbling that was not the
Speaker 1: War of Succession, and that was the Jacobite Rebellion. Here's
Speaker 1: what that was again in broad Strokes and why it
Speaker 1: has to do with pirates. So when A died in
Speaker 1: seventeen fourteen, George the First assumed the throne, which meant
Speaker 1: that through some shady politics, James Francis Edward Stewart was
Speaker 1: passed over in the royal line of succession. James Francis
Speaker 1: Edward Stewart was the son of King James the Second
Speaker 1: and seventh of England, Scotland and Ireland. His father was
Speaker 1: deposed and the family was exiled from England, but after
Speaker 1: his father's death, James Francis Edward made his move to
Speaker 1: regain the throne of England, Ireland and Scotland for the
Speaker 1: exiled Stewards. For more than roughly fifty years, he tried
Speaker 1: to protect his right to the throne and was not
Speaker 1: always the winner. In seventeen fifteen, James Francis Edwards attempt
Speaker 1: to regain the throne was known as the Jacobite Rising.
Speaker 1: Lord Hamilton's family was closely connected to the Stewart family,
Speaker 1: and Hamilton's was a conspirator, as were several of his
Speaker 1: relatives in the Jacobite Rising meant to restore the House
Speaker 1: of Stuart to the throne. And here's what it had
Speaker 1: to do with pirates, specifically in secret Hamilton's was ordered
Speaker 1: to organize a large Jacobite friendly naval fleet to help
Speaker 1: restore the crown to James Francis Edward And so where
Speaker 1: do you go to meet that kind of criteria? You
Speaker 1: turned to privateers. Previously, just before the turn of the
Speaker 1: eighteenth century, Hamilton's, as an officer in the Royal Navy,
Speaker 1: had been actively pursuing French privateers in the English Channel.
Speaker 1: But in order to put this fleet together, Hamilton's embraced
Speaker 1: privateering and issued letters of marked too many captains, including
Speaker 1: a man named Henry Jennings, and ordered each to raid
Speaker 1: French and Spanish shipping lanes. It's written his privateer army
Speaker 1: was massive, with many future pirate captains we continue to
Speaker 1: note today, and those names included Blackbeard, Charles Vane. You
Speaker 1: know these are these are the golden age of piracy pirates.
Speaker 1: There is a belief we should mention among some modern
Speaker 1: scholars that many pirates considered themselves Jacobites, supporting James Francis
Speaker 1: Edward Stewart as the rightful King of England rather than
Speaker 1: George the First. While they were ruthless, they were also vengeful,
Speaker 1: and Britain was a popular target. Author of the Republic
Speaker 1: of Pirates. Colin Woodard supports this idea. We've probably quoted
Speaker 1: it at least once. Quote. Most pirates at the time
Speaker 1: thought of them selves as in revolt against King George.
Speaker 1: We're going to take a break for a word from
Speaker 1: our sponsor, and when we're back we'll talk about when
Speaker 1: Charles Vane joined his first pirate crew. Welcome back to Criminalia.
Speaker 1: Let's talk about Charles Vane's quick rise among pirates. By
Speaker 1: seventeen fifteen, Vane had joined the crew under pirate Captain
Speaker 1: Henry Jennings, who was based out of Nasa on the
Speaker 1: island of New Providence in the Bahamas. And yes, this
Speaker 1: is the same Henry Jennings who had been a privateer
Speaker 1: for Lord Hamilton's and his jacke Bite Friendly Armada. Jennings
Speaker 1: and his crew were fond of raiding ships and camps
Speaker 1: off of the coast of Florida. When a Spanish treasure
Speaker 1: fleet was struck by a hurricane off the coast of Florida,
Speaker 1: spilling tons of Spanish gold and silver close to shore,
Speaker 1: Captain Jennings and his crew Vain included, were the first
Speaker 1: pirates to arrive at the wreckage. They plundered the vessels
Speaker 1: and the camp on shore, and a mass of booty,
Speaker 1: said to be valued at the time at eight seven
Speaker 1: thousand pounds of gold and silver. There is no good
Speaker 1: way to translate dollar to dollar from sevree and we're
Speaker 1: also throwing literal pounds of money to US dollars on
Speaker 1: top of it. It's it's crazy way to do this.
Speaker 1: We have been in this position before, and this time
Speaker 1: Maria consulted pounds sterling two dollars historical conversions of currency,
Speaker 1: and according to that, we're looking at about eighteen million
Speaker 1: US dollars today. But even that question marks we don't
Speaker 1: it's hard to do, so we're just going to leave
Speaker 1: it at this. Captain Jennings and his crew found Riches.
Speaker 1: Vain was active in piracy from seventeen sixteen until seventeen nineteen,
Speaker 1: but by seventeen seventeen he was the captain of his
Speaker 1: own ship and had more than one vessel, and he
Speaker 1: quickly gained some notoriety as a pirate captain. He was
Speaker 1: based out of the West Indies, one of many pirate
Speaker 1: captains who operated out of the island of New Providence
Speaker 1: after the British had abandoned the Bahamian Colony during the
Speaker 1: War of Spanish Succession. Vane's primary hunting grounds were the
Speaker 1: waters of the Caribbean, where he ranged from the Bahamas
Speaker 1: north along the east coast of North America as far
Speaker 1: as New York. They commanded ships, including the Ranger, which
Speaker 1: was his flagship vessel, as well as other ships called
Speaker 1: the Lark and the Catherine. You'll hear those, but he
Speaker 1: was really known to capture and sail many many ships.
Speaker 1: He was also known as a cruel and ruthless pirate
Speaker 1: who tortured and murdered his prisoners, and as a pirate captain,
Speaker 1: he preferred punishing his crew with extreme tortures, such as
Speaker 1: this thing called keel hauling, and this is particularly terrible.
Speaker 1: I just want to put that out there before I
Speaker 1: say it. Keel Hauling was a torture technique where a
Speaker 1: person was literally dragged along or under the keel of
Speaker 1: the ship, and it was almost always a death sentence,
Speaker 1: so to be clear, this was extraordinarily brutal. The punished
Speaker 1: person was often lacerated by barnacles that were on the
Speaker 1: ship's hull, and varying techniques sometimes included pulling the victim
Speaker 1: out of the water periodically to ensure he maintained consciousness,
Speaker 1: which would mean that he would feel the entire punishment.
Speaker 1: Vain himself has been described as brave but also unlucky
Speaker 1: in piracy. He's often spoken of as being one of
Speaker 1: the most skilled pirate captains among his peers. Those friends
Speaker 1: and peers, to be clear, include the infamous Blackbeard, as
Speaker 1: well as Bartholemy Roberts known as Black Bart and John
Speaker 1: Calico Jack Rackham, among other famous names. From the Golden Age,
Speaker 1: pirates continued to be seen as the scourge of the seas.
Speaker 1: As we all know the phrase goes, they were growing
Speaker 1: in number at this time. In an effort to rid
Speaker 1: the world, or at least rid his kingdom of pirates,
Speaker 1: King George the First declared that all privateers, remember those
Speaker 1: were pirates who were paid to do the job. We're
Speaker 1: from then on also to be considered pirates, no matter
Speaker 1: what paperwork they may or may not have to suggest
Speaker 1: legitimacy in their actions. Like pirates, they were to be
Speaker 1: captured and executed in retribution, though and for the deaths
Speaker 1: of their fellow pirates. Many pirates stopped trading to and
Speaker 1: from the British colonies. Because of this, the King responded
Speaker 1: to that on September five, sev seventeen with the Proclamation
Speaker 1: for Suppressing Pirates. This proclamation granted full pardon of all
Speaker 1: crimes to any pirates who surrendered themselves to any governor
Speaker 1: in the colonies before September five, seventeen eighteen. And if
Speaker 1: you were a pirate, you had better have a calendar handy,
Speaker 1: because as soon as it was September six, any pirate
Speaker 1: who had neglected or refused to surrender would be captured
Speaker 1: and charged with piracy. But I mean, who are we kidding,
Speaker 1: probably captured and executed. The King's deal was reissued in
Speaker 1: December of seventeen eighteen, and then it was called the
Speaker 1: King's Pardon. The King extended the deadline from September five,
Speaker 1: seen eighteen to July one, seventeen nineteen, because it said
Speaker 1: that he felt the pirates actually didn't have enough notice
Speaker 1: to surrender by the September date. Many of the outlaws,
Speaker 1: including Vain's former captain Henry Jennings, did request and receive
Speaker 1: a full pardon. Others, though, including Charles Vane, really didn't
Speaker 1: want anything to do with it because there were rewards
Speaker 1: for capturing pirates. There were them pirate hunters. Earlier that
Speaker 1: same year, in February of seventeen eighteen, the royal frigate
Speaker 1: HMS Phoenix arrived in the waters of Nassau, sent in
Speaker 1: an attempt to convince pirates who had not taken the
Speaker 1: king's pardon to surrender. Vain, who had not and did
Speaker 1: not want to be pardoned, was taken into custody, as
Speaker 1: were some of his crew. In what some of us
Speaker 1: would consider a surprise move. Vain was, it's reported, released
Speaker 1: as a goodwill gesture. Shortly after, in one bold and
Speaker 1: notorious power move against the crown, Vain welcomed the new
Speaker 1: governor of New Providence, a man named Woods Rogers, to
Speaker 1: the island with this legendary story. He set fire to
Speaker 1: a recently captured French vessel and set it straight toward
Speaker 1: the Governor's ships to make it difficult to save those
Speaker 1: ships from burning. Vain then fired a few shots and
Speaker 1: then sailed away, it said, laughing, so as you might
Speaker 1: imagine Vain's welcome party anger Rogers, who in retaliation, sent
Speaker 1: former pirate turned pirate hunter Captain Benjamin Hornegle to capture him,
Speaker 1: but it wasn't Hornogold who would capture Pain. In the
Speaker 1: autumn of seventeen eighteen, Vain and the crew, said to
Speaker 1: be upwards of ninety men, went out in search of
Speaker 1: black Beard, not to attack him. Rather, they were planning
Speaker 1: an attack on Nassau and they wanted to recruit him
Speaker 1: for the fight. What actually happened, though, was the men
Speaker 1: through a huge party on Ocracoke Island, where the crew
Speaker 1: had set up a campsite, and after days or even weeks,
Speaker 1: and some say a full month of debauchery, the men
Speaker 1: parted ways. Vain did not recruit black Beard, and it
Speaker 1: is said that they never crossed paths again. We're going
Speaker 1: to take a break for a word from our sponsor.
Speaker 1: When we're back, we'll talk about how Charles Vane's lack
Speaker 1: of people skills got im booted off his own ship.
Speaker 1: Welcome back to Criminalia. This is it. This is the
Speaker 1: story of how Charles Vane was taken down by a
Speaker 1: British born plantation owner. John Rackham, also famously known as
Speaker 1: Calico Jack, spent time as part of Vain's crew. Right surprised.
Speaker 1: He was Vain's quartermaster actually, which meant he was second
Speaker 1: in command. He was Vain's right hand guy, but it's
Speaker 1: widely reported that Van rarely got along with his crew,
Speaker 1: if at all, so you can probably tell what's coming
Speaker 1: up next. Vain's crew voted him out as their captain
Speaker 1: in late seventeen eighteen, accusing him of cowardice. Vain was
Speaker 1: known to plunder everything in sight well ish, however, he
Speaker 1: was also known to evade well armed ships, which left
Speaker 1: his crew kind of dissatisfied. His downfall began when he
Speaker 1: was trawling the windward passage between q but and his
Speaker 1: Baniola and attacked a vessel expecting little resistance. He hadn't
Speaker 1: realized it was a powerful French warship, and after a
Speaker 1: few shots were fired in his direction, Vain decided to
Speaker 1: retreat from this fight. His crew, however, wanted that fight,
Speaker 1: so it was out with Vain and they voted in
Speaker 1: Calico Jack as their new captain. Vain, along with fifteen
Speaker 1: loyal members of his crew, was given a small sloop
Speaker 1: that had been captured, and at that point Rackam and
Speaker 1: Vain parted ways. To remember, Vane's well known as a
Speaker 1: very skilled captain, probably because he had the sense to
Speaker 1: only attack weaker vessels or cruise, but also because he
Speaker 1: was a very skilled navigator, He was skilled at taking
Speaker 1: fights he knew he could win. Vain and his remaining
Speaker 1: crew quickly captured a few small ships to rebuild a fleet,
Speaker 1: and in less than about a month they had it said,
Speaker 1: five ships five in a month. In the Day of Honduras, though,
Speaker 1: a hurricane struck, wrecking Vane's fleet and drowning most of
Speaker 1: his crew. They survived, but was shipwrecked on a small island.
Speaker 1: Some reports suggest it was South Carolina's governor, Robert Johnson, who,
Speaker 1: wanting to put an end to pirates threatening his coast,
Speaker 1: hired pirate hunters to take care of the problem. Others
Speaker 1: suggest it was the governor of North Carolina, or perhaps
Speaker 1: even the disrespected Woods Butler. All three of these men
Speaker 1: had reason. If you have been listening this season, you
Speaker 1: may recognize this man's name. William Rhett. Colonel William Rhet
Speaker 1: was ordered to engage and capture pirate Steed Bonnet, but
Speaker 1: he really wanted to capture Charles Vane, like Hornegal, though
Speaker 1: this was not meant to be. During the hunt, Rhett
Speaker 1: and his crew encountered a ship that had recently been
Speaker 1: rated by Vane and the remaining crew there said that
Speaker 1: the pirates had headed south, but this was a typical
Speaker 1: Vein maneuver, leaving deception in his wake. Vein's crew always
Speaker 1: gave contrary information to their prisoners. Vain instead went north
Speaker 1: and evaded Rhet. Rhet did, however, fulfill his order, as
Speaker 1: we know, to capture Bonnet, who he found nearby in
Speaker 1: an inlet on the Cape Fear River. Van may have
Speaker 1: been a good pirate, but he wasn't a lucky pirate.
Speaker 1: His rescue came in the form of a British ship
Speaker 1: under the command of Captain Holford, a former buccaneer and
Speaker 1: a former acquaintance of Vain. Vain was recognized, but probably
Speaker 1: by Holford, but some accounts actually do recall that it
Speaker 1: was a captain of another vessel in Holford's fleet, and
Speaker 1: really that was that Holford had Vain plates in chains,
Speaker 1: and he was extradited to Spanish Town, Jamaica, where authorities
Speaker 1: imprisoned him, and that's where he stayed until his trial
Speaker 1: in March of sevente even without the long line of
Speaker 1: witnesses who testified against him, most of whom were his victims.
Speaker 1: The outcome of this trial came as no surprise. Vain
Speaker 1: is remembered today as one of the most remorseless and
Speaker 1: shameless pirates who sailed the seas during the golden age
Speaker 1: of piracy, and he was found, surprise, guilty of piracy.
Speaker 1: And we didn't even really scratch the surface of his
Speaker 1: piraty indiscretions because there are just so many. He was
Speaker 1: sentenced to death by hanging, and his corpse was hung
Speaker 1: from the gallows near the entrance of the harbor in
Speaker 1: Port Royal as a warning to other pirates. That's quite
Speaker 1: a warning. So on that note, you want to have
Speaker 1: a drink always um in thinking about Charles Vane, I
Speaker 1: went in a direction that might actually surprise you because
Speaker 1: this drink isn't really about Charles Vain. Isn't everything about
Speaker 1: Charles Vain. Well, to Charles Vain, I bet it was.
Speaker 1: But this particular libation is called the King's Pardon because
Speaker 1: that is another character that's come up a lot this season. Yes,
Speaker 1: and whether or not someone takes the King's pardon and
Speaker 1: then just ignores the fact that they took it, that
Speaker 1: comes up a lot, right, So, I mean, the King's
Speaker 1: Pardon is one of those things that you could enter into.
Speaker 1: But there was no guarantee really that either side of
Speaker 1: the equation was going to behave in the way they promised.
Speaker 1: So for this one, please know that when you choose
Speaker 1: to drink the King's Pardon, it may not be kind
Speaker 1: to you, but it will be tasty. This is for
Speaker 1: people that like a very fruity drink that doesn't taste
Speaker 1: like alcohol. This is not your beverage. There's no lying
Speaker 1: about how much alcohol is in this, because it is
Speaker 1: all alcohol. Don't worry. There is a mocktail version at
Speaker 1: the end as well. Vain would be proud like The
Speaker 1: King's Pardon starts with an ounce and a half of rum.
Speaker 1: Then you're gonna add an ounce of ginger liqueur, and
Speaker 1: I added two dashes of angistorra bitters. I also included
Speaker 1: three drops of Sri racha. So I imagine you're in
Speaker 1: your kitchen. You're like, drop by drop, Yes, it's exactly
Speaker 1: what it's like. So you're gonna put this in your shaker.
Speaker 1: You're gonna shake it really hard. The Sree Racha is
Speaker 1: not going to fully incorporate. You'll still see little flecks
Speaker 1: of red when you're done, and that's fine. You wanted
Speaker 1: to bite you a little, because that's what the King's
Speaker 1: pardon sometimes did. So you will shake all this, You're
Speaker 1: gonna pour it into a chilled coupe no ice, and
Speaker 1: then you top it with three ounces of champagne. Because
Speaker 1: the idea here is that, you know, theoretically, it was like, hooray,
Speaker 1: we've entered into a contract. Let's celebrate. But there's a
Speaker 1: snaky bite in that's the champagne is actually what drives
Speaker 1: the bus on this one. That offers the most obvious
Speaker 1: note in the beverage. But then the more you drink it,
Speaker 1: the more you start feeling out that heat. It's a
Speaker 1: little bit cumulative. But as the heat forms, you also
Speaker 1: start to notice the other flavors. So like on your
Speaker 1: third sip you go, oh, I do taste something gingery
Speaker 1: in here. Also, at least that was the case for me. Also,
Speaker 1: the sub the sub name for this is called hello
Speaker 1: You're drunk. Hello, you've been partying with black Beard for
Speaker 1: a month, right, It's like, uh, listen, this is not
Speaker 1: when you make several of For sure, I didn't. I
Speaker 1: couldn't get through one. Now, to be fair, I was
Speaker 1: doing this experiment like at lunchtime in a work day,
Speaker 1: which is often how we we end up. The timing
Speaker 1: works out for when I'm work shopping drinks and so
Speaker 1: I don't always finish one because I have to actually function.
Speaker 1: But this one was like, whoa, I really can't finish.
Speaker 1: I will not be able to do any of my
Speaker 1: work after this. If I do, the King's pardon will
Speaker 1: bite you. Now the mocktail version, which you could have
Speaker 1: any time and it will not bite you. It's very
Speaker 1: different because of course this whole thing is alcohol, so
Speaker 1: we have to go in a very different direction. So
Speaker 1: what I did was I brewed a cup of chi
Speaker 1: with a teaspoon of minced ginger in it, and I
Speaker 1: did that. I boiled it on the stove. I used
Speaker 1: to chai tea bag. But if you do your loose
Speaker 1: just whatever proportion you like, you're only going to use
Speaker 1: three ounces of it. But I would brew enough for
Speaker 1: a whole cup to get the proportions right. Then you'll
Speaker 1: want it to cool down. You'll put the three ounces
Speaker 1: in your shaker. Add this free racha. If you don't
Speaker 1: drink at all, you may not want to use bidders
Speaker 1: because they do have a very low alcoholic content, so
Speaker 1: that's optional. And then you'll similarly shake that with ice
Speaker 1: to make sure it's good and cold and the three
Speaker 1: ratch is involved, and then you're gonna put it into
Speaker 1: your chilled coupe and top it with three ounces of
Speaker 1: ginger ale. It won't bite you in the same way,
Speaker 1: but it has a very similar flavor profile, but it's
Speaker 1: a little more refreshing and less of a slap. But
Speaker 1: oh my goodness, yeah, the King's partner, and I will say,
Speaker 1: as I say hello, you're drunk. I should point out
Speaker 1: that I am one of those people that can drink
Speaker 1: spirits to um, probably a greater volume than some other folks.
Speaker 1: My tolerance is decent. But champagne gets involved and everything
Speaker 1: gets that's a whole different story. Champagne is a vehicle
Speaker 1: for other spirits is a very very tricky thing for
Speaker 1: a lot of people. It can really kind of deliver
Speaker 1: the goods in a way that you may not be
Speaker 1: used to. If you're used to, like, oh, I can drink,
Speaker 1: you know, three cocktails, and I'm okay obviously drink responsibly
Speaker 1: at all times. But I couldn't drink three of these
Speaker 1: and be anything but a wreck. I would be like Stumblina.
Speaker 1: I would be slurry, it would it would not be pretty,
Speaker 1: that would not be drinking responsibly. So um, if you
Speaker 1: make the King's Pardon, please do and care. And the
Speaker 1: mocktail version is actually quite fun and yummy, and I
Speaker 1: really do like the combination of that hot sauce with
Speaker 1: ginger ailed us something really cool and it's quite quite tasty.
Speaker 1: So uh, the King's Pardon, Thank you so much for
Speaker 1: first spending this time with us and Charles Vane and
Speaker 1: King's Pardon. Glad we got to touch on sort of
Speaker 1: the the ongoing recurrent characters of the season in one episode,
Speaker 1: and we will be right back here next week with
Speaker 1: a little more piracy. We're getting real close to a
Speaker 1: new season and we'll talk about that next week. Yeah.
Speaker 1: H Criminalia is a production of Shonda land Audio in
Speaker 1: partnership with I Heart Radio. For more podcasts from Shonda
Speaker 1: land Audio, please visit the I Heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts,
Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.