1 00:00:01,840 --> 00:00:05,080 Speaker 1: Rip Current. It's a production of iHeart podcasts. The views 2 00:00:05,080 --> 00:00:08,560 Speaker 1: and opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect thirds of the host, 3 00:00:08,680 --> 00:00:11,479 Speaker 1: producers or parent company listener discretion. 4 00:00:11,760 --> 00:00:12,240 Speaker 2: Is it vive? 5 00:00:17,440 --> 00:00:20,800 Speaker 3: The wise Youst movement in the timber industry have quite 6 00:00:20,840 --> 00:00:24,880 Speaker 3: a virulent campaign against the environmental movement. There have been 7 00:00:24,880 --> 00:00:29,639 Speaker 3: many other environmentalists subjects to various kinds of violence on. 8 00:00:30,280 --> 00:00:34,080 Speaker 4: This is Judy Barry in nineteen ninety three, three years 9 00:00:34,159 --> 00:00:35,720 Speaker 4: after the bombing targeted. 10 00:00:36,320 --> 00:00:38,720 Speaker 5: There was just somebody who had their house burned down 11 00:00:38,720 --> 00:00:41,040 Speaker 5: in Vermont a week ago. There's been quite a few 12 00:00:41,040 --> 00:00:42,960 Speaker 5: people who have been threatened. 13 00:00:42,960 --> 00:00:46,240 Speaker 3: And violated because of their environmental activities. 14 00:00:46,280 --> 00:00:49,040 Speaker 5: And there's been quite a lot of threats overtly from 15 00:00:49,080 --> 00:00:50,120 Speaker 5: the wiseist movement. 16 00:00:51,080 --> 00:00:53,960 Speaker 2: But what was the wise youth movement? 17 00:00:55,120 --> 00:00:58,720 Speaker 4: This is Wilberdess Society's Joan Reese on the radio show 18 00:00:58,800 --> 00:01:03,960 Speaker 4: Earthwatch talking with host Leslie Behar about Ron Arnold, the 19 00:01:04,080 --> 00:01:05,959 Speaker 4: founder of the wise Use movement. 20 00:01:06,920 --> 00:01:09,560 Speaker 6: I'm looking here at a quote by Ron Arnold. Let's 21 00:01:09,600 --> 00:01:11,480 Speaker 6: talk about Ron from it. If he is known as 22 00:01:11,480 --> 00:01:14,039 Speaker 6: the founder of the wise Used movement, and it says 23 00:01:14,120 --> 00:01:17,080 Speaker 6: our goal. This is a quote by Ron Arnold. Our 24 00:01:17,120 --> 00:01:20,960 Speaker 6: goal is to destroy, to eradicate the environmental movement, where 25 00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:24,800 Speaker 6: Matt as Hell, We're dead serious. We're going to destroy them. 26 00:01:26,160 --> 00:01:29,320 Speaker 4: Ron Arnold, who died in twenty twenty two, was the 27 00:01:29,360 --> 00:01:33,520 Speaker 4: executive vice president of an organization called the Center for 28 00:01:33,600 --> 00:01:37,480 Speaker 4: the Defense of Free Enterprise. He had white hair and 29 00:01:37,560 --> 00:01:41,800 Speaker 4: a white beard without a mustache, abe Lincoln style. He 30 00:01:41,880 --> 00:01:44,000 Speaker 4: is believed to have been the first person to use 31 00:01:44,040 --> 00:01:47,160 Speaker 4: the term eco terrorist in a nineteen eighty three article 32 00:01:47,200 --> 00:01:50,200 Speaker 4: he wrote for Reason, a libertarian magazine. 33 00:01:50,920 --> 00:01:54,960 Speaker 7: In it, he wrote, radical environmentalists tend to believe that 34 00:01:55,000 --> 00:01:58,040 Speaker 7: one cannot work within the system to change it, since 35 00:01:58,080 --> 00:02:00,680 Speaker 7: they feel it to be responsible for not only pollution 36 00:02:00,960 --> 00:02:05,720 Speaker 7: and ecological destruction, but also the major ills of poverty, racism, 37 00:02:05,920 --> 00:02:10,280 Speaker 7: and war. The radical solution, as pointed out by environmentalists 38 00:02:10,360 --> 00:02:15,160 Speaker 7: Alexander Coburn and James Ridgeway in Political Ecology, is quote 39 00:02:15,360 --> 00:02:19,120 Speaker 7: structural attack on the political and economic system itself. 40 00:02:20,240 --> 00:02:22,240 Speaker 2: He concluded with the. 41 00:02:22,200 --> 00:02:26,600 Speaker 7: Problem of eco terrorism is real and of multimillion dollar proportions. 42 00:02:27,160 --> 00:02:30,760 Speaker 7: It has serious implications for the future. Our society ought 43 00:02:30,800 --> 00:02:31,919 Speaker 7: to be concerned about it. 44 00:02:33,400 --> 00:02:36,280 Speaker 4: He was both the founder and main spokesman for the 45 00:02:36,320 --> 00:02:41,400 Speaker 4: Wise Use Movement, an anti environmentalist coalition of groups advocating 46 00:02:41,440 --> 00:02:45,720 Speaker 4: for private property rights, limited government, and against regulation of 47 00:02:45,760 --> 00:02:49,720 Speaker 4: the use of public land. Many of the groups associated 48 00:02:49,760 --> 00:02:53,400 Speaker 4: with the movement were advocacy groups or groups that protested 49 00:02:53,520 --> 00:02:58,160 Speaker 4: environmentalist action, such as the pro timber industry Yellow Ribbon 50 00:02:58,200 --> 00:03:03,440 Speaker 4: Coalition we encountered in the last episode on the fringes 51 00:03:03,480 --> 00:03:07,079 Speaker 4: of the movement, however, were groups that used violent rhetoric 52 00:03:07,200 --> 00:03:12,440 Speaker 4: and employed intimidation and violence as strategies. Among those fringe 53 00:03:12,440 --> 00:03:16,240 Speaker 4: groups was the Sahara Club, which targeted Earth First in 54 00:03:16,320 --> 00:03:20,240 Speaker 4: ominous ways. The Sahara Club was founded in the mid 55 00:03:20,360 --> 00:03:24,519 Speaker 4: nineteen eighties by two burly off road motorcyclists named Rick 56 00:03:24,639 --> 00:03:29,959 Speaker 4: Seaman and Lewis Phantom Duck McKee. The Sahara Club name 57 00:03:30,120 --> 00:03:33,480 Speaker 4: was a riff on the Sierra Club, which it firmly opposed. 58 00:03:34,200 --> 00:03:36,920 Speaker 4: It had been created in response to a brief shutdown 59 00:03:37,000 --> 00:03:40,280 Speaker 4: of a motorcycle race across the Mojave Desert that was 60 00:03:40,400 --> 00:03:43,840 Speaker 4: killing or driving away ninety percent of the mammals in 61 00:03:43,920 --> 00:03:48,720 Speaker 4: its path. The race was reinstated, but the Sahara Club remained. 62 00:03:49,720 --> 00:03:54,160 Speaker 4: Their communications were filled with homophobic insults and threats of violence. 63 00:03:54,720 --> 00:03:59,040 Speaker 4: Both male and female Earth First activists were targeted. A 64 00:03:59,120 --> 00:04:01,680 Speaker 4: letter sent to Judy Barry that was most likely from 65 00:04:01,680 --> 00:04:04,000 Speaker 4: the Sahara Club included this. 66 00:04:03,960 --> 00:04:08,400 Speaker 7: Message, rest assured that we shall not be indiscriminate in 67 00:04:08,440 --> 00:04:12,440 Speaker 7: our actions against the spineless invertebrate members of Earth First. 68 00:04:13,200 --> 00:04:16,719 Speaker 7: To the contrary, we will specifically hunt down each in 69 00:04:16,800 --> 00:04:19,320 Speaker 7: every member like the lesbians you really are. 70 00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:23,800 Speaker 4: The center has never been confirmed, but it has the 71 00:04:23,839 --> 00:04:27,599 Speaker 4: hallmarks of the Sahara Club's writing style and was posted 72 00:04:27,600 --> 00:04:28,280 Speaker 4: in San. 73 00:04:28,040 --> 00:04:30,240 Speaker 2: Diego, where they were headquartered. 74 00:04:31,200 --> 00:04:34,760 Speaker 4: Rick Seman said that everything we do, including the name 75 00:04:34,839 --> 00:04:40,039 Speaker 4: Sahara Club, is designed for maximum irritation. But it was 76 00:04:40,080 --> 00:04:43,520 Speaker 4: more than just irritation. The Sahara Club pulled a list 77 00:04:43,560 --> 00:04:47,080 Speaker 4: of the names and addresses from the April nineteen ninety 78 00:04:47,480 --> 00:04:51,400 Speaker 4: Earth First Journal and reprinted them in their own newsletter, 79 00:04:51,760 --> 00:04:55,040 Speaker 4: with an introduction that encouraged Sahara Club members to quote 80 00:04:55,480 --> 00:04:59,200 Speaker 4: reason with them about the error of their ways. The 81 00:04:59,279 --> 00:05:02,240 Speaker 4: same newsletter that also included the following. 82 00:05:01,880 --> 00:05:05,919 Speaker 7: Notice, The Sahara Club needs about a dozen volunteers to 83 00:05:05,960 --> 00:05:10,760 Speaker 7: form a special division the Sahara CLUBBS. All volunteers should 84 00:05:10,760 --> 00:05:13,560 Speaker 7: weigh about two hundred pounds and have a bad attitude. 85 00:05:14,400 --> 00:05:19,200 Speaker 7: Big tall, ugly desert riders preferred naturally. The clubbers will 86 00:05:19,200 --> 00:05:22,239 Speaker 7: be expected to honor all laws, but if some earth 87 00:05:22,320 --> 00:05:25,279 Speaker 7: First gum resists as citizens or rest in the process, 88 00:05:26,000 --> 00:05:28,719 Speaker 7: it might be necessary to subdue them prior to turning 89 00:05:28,720 --> 00:05:32,800 Speaker 7: them over to the authorities. Clovers will be issued personalized 90 00:05:32,839 --> 00:05:35,520 Speaker 7: walking sticks about the size of baseball vats. 91 00:05:39,279 --> 00:05:42,480 Speaker 4: The Sahara Club was but one of many groups opposing 92 00:05:42,520 --> 00:05:46,680 Speaker 4: Earth First work in Ecotopia. As the winter of nineteen 93 00:05:46,760 --> 00:05:51,160 Speaker 4: ninety turned to spring, tensions ran very high and violence 94 00:05:51,160 --> 00:05:55,480 Speaker 4: seemed more and more likely, and Judy Barry was the 95 00:05:55,520 --> 00:06:01,680 Speaker 4: most obvious target. I'm Toby Ball and this is rip 96 00:06:01,720 --> 00:06:15,320 Speaker 4: current episode six threats. The actions during so called Spotted 97 00:06:15,360 --> 00:06:20,560 Speaker 4: Owl Week in August of nineteen eighty nine returned mixed results. 98 00:06:21,160 --> 00:06:23,640 Speaker 4: While Earth First was able to gain press coverage for 99 00:06:23,680 --> 00:06:27,680 Speaker 4: their resistance to the overcutting of redwoods, the timber industry 100 00:06:27,839 --> 00:06:31,039 Speaker 4: was also able to show its power, particularly at a 101 00:06:31,160 --> 00:06:34,400 Speaker 4: huge rally coinciding with a Fish and Game Commission hearing 102 00:06:34,760 --> 00:06:39,560 Speaker 4: in Reading, California. There had also been sporadic bursts of violence, 103 00:06:40,040 --> 00:06:44,239 Speaker 4: including a brawl between Earth First activists and timber workers 104 00:06:44,279 --> 00:06:47,520 Speaker 4: in Whitehorn and the rear ending of Judy's car by 105 00:06:47,560 --> 00:06:52,320 Speaker 4: a logging truck in Filo Earth First in Ecotopia's response 106 00:06:52,400 --> 00:06:55,400 Speaker 4: to the events of Spotted Owl Week was to decide 107 00:06:55,440 --> 00:06:59,680 Speaker 4: to organize a bigger and more ambitious initiative. What they 108 00:06:59,720 --> 00:07:02,440 Speaker 4: came up with became known as Redwood. 109 00:07:02,040 --> 00:07:06,120 Speaker 1: Summer, and Redwood Summer was a campaign that. 110 00:07:06,040 --> 00:07:10,680 Speaker 8: We initiated in nineteen ninety to bring in students and 111 00:07:10,720 --> 00:07:15,160 Speaker 8: others from around the country to participate in a summer 112 00:07:15,200 --> 00:07:20,640 Speaker 8: long eccreside of demonstrations. Non violent fill disobedience, but it 113 00:07:20,680 --> 00:07:23,520 Speaker 8: was a very strong non violence code. 114 00:07:23,240 --> 00:07:25,200 Speaker 1: And the object of it was to bring and have 115 00:07:25,360 --> 00:07:27,360 Speaker 1: people coming in for non violent demonstitions. 116 00:07:29,120 --> 00:07:32,160 Speaker 4: A month before Judy Barry died of cancer in March 117 00:07:32,200 --> 00:07:35,760 Speaker 4: of nineteen ninety seven, she recorded a deposition for a 118 00:07:35,800 --> 00:07:38,600 Speaker 4: civil rights trial that would eventually take place in two 119 00:07:38,680 --> 00:07:42,640 Speaker 4: thousand and two. Judy and Daryl had sued the FBI 120 00:07:42,960 --> 00:07:46,559 Speaker 4: and the Oakland and San Francisco police departments over civil 121 00:07:46,640 --> 00:07:50,440 Speaker 4: rights violations committed during the investigation of the car bombing. 122 00:07:51,120 --> 00:07:52,720 Speaker 2: This is from that deposition. 123 00:07:54,000 --> 00:07:55,680 Speaker 1: I mean we came up with the idea. 124 00:07:56,400 --> 00:07:58,880 Speaker 3: I was the first one to say, and I went 125 00:07:58,960 --> 00:08:02,720 Speaker 3: back to the Mendacine Environmental Center, mentioned it to other 126 00:08:02,960 --> 00:08:06,880 Speaker 3: heirsters who were theudeiastic. We helped meeting and talked about it, 127 00:08:06,920 --> 00:08:10,120 Speaker 3: and people were enthusiastic. So the way I like to 128 00:08:10,160 --> 00:08:13,680 Speaker 3: describe the lack of structure or lack of same is 129 00:08:13,680 --> 00:08:17,600 Speaker 3: that things happened by constituency. That if there's a constituency 130 00:08:17,640 --> 00:08:20,240 Speaker 3: for something to happen, and happened, and people liked the 131 00:08:20,280 --> 00:08:23,000 Speaker 3: idea of Redwood Summer and agreed to work on it. 132 00:08:23,480 --> 00:08:26,600 Speaker 1: And did you have some particular. 133 00:08:26,200 --> 00:08:30,280 Speaker 2: Responsibility then one that was announced and helping make it happen. 134 00:08:30,720 --> 00:08:34,040 Speaker 3: Well, I had no formal responsibility, but as the person 135 00:08:34,200 --> 00:08:37,080 Speaker 3: was the biggest mouse who was promoting it, I felt 136 00:08:37,120 --> 00:08:40,400 Speaker 3: the personal responsibility and I assumed in organizing role. 137 00:08:41,120 --> 00:08:45,800 Speaker 9: And was there some formal committee that was brought together 138 00:08:45,960 --> 00:08:46,880 Speaker 9: to work. 139 00:08:46,720 --> 00:08:48,640 Speaker 1: On it or how did that work? No, it's just 140 00:08:48,679 --> 00:08:50,560 Speaker 1: the committee of the whole. We worked on it at 141 00:08:50,600 --> 00:08:51,359 Speaker 1: our first. 142 00:08:51,120 --> 00:08:56,679 Speaker 4: Meeting, continuing with their practice of trying the work of 143 00:08:56,720 --> 00:09:01,360 Speaker 4: protecting the redwoods to historical events. The initiative was originally 144 00:09:01,400 --> 00:09:06,800 Speaker 4: called Mississippi Summer in the California Redwoods. The idea was 145 00:09:06,840 --> 00:09:11,080 Speaker 4: to evoke nineteen sixty four's Mississippi Summer, when hundreds of 146 00:09:11,120 --> 00:09:15,360 Speaker 4: college students went to Mississippi to register black voters, a 147 00:09:15,400 --> 00:09:19,120 Speaker 4: major event in the civil rights movement. The Mississippi Summer 148 00:09:19,160 --> 00:09:23,359 Speaker 4: framing also hinted at the backwards looking and violent resistance 149 00:09:23,480 --> 00:09:28,160 Speaker 4: to those efforts, most notably the murders of James Cheney, 150 00:09:28,520 --> 00:09:32,360 Speaker 4: Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner by members of the Ku 151 00:09:32,440 --> 00:09:37,120 Speaker 4: Klux Klan. But no matter how evocative, Mississippi Summer in 152 00:09:37,160 --> 00:09:41,200 Speaker 4: the California Redwoods was a mouthful and didn't really work 153 00:09:41,240 --> 00:09:42,840 Speaker 4: as a piece of marketing. 154 00:09:43,559 --> 00:09:48,719 Speaker 10: And I myself argued pretty and passionately that this is idiotic. 155 00:09:48,840 --> 00:09:52,240 Speaker 10: That nobody will under the age of sixty or somethingdy 156 00:09:52,400 --> 00:09:54,240 Speaker 10: is going to have any idea what you're talking about. 157 00:09:54,480 --> 00:09:56,560 Speaker 10: And if you can't attract a lot of young people, 158 00:09:56,840 --> 00:09:59,040 Speaker 10: listing is just going to be a bunch of old 159 00:09:59,040 --> 00:10:02,040 Speaker 10: timers sort of standing around waving picket signs. 160 00:10:03,920 --> 00:10:06,679 Speaker 2: Writer and musician Larry Livermore. 161 00:10:08,040 --> 00:10:11,840 Speaker 10: I was actually sitting around brainstorming with the woman who 162 00:10:12,200 --> 00:10:15,520 Speaker 10: drew the main poster. She was stressing about how am 163 00:10:15,520 --> 00:10:18,240 Speaker 10: I going to fit all those words onto the poster, 164 00:10:18,320 --> 00:10:22,040 Speaker 10: and I was like, ignore them, just do Redwood Summer. 165 00:10:22,360 --> 00:10:24,439 Speaker 10: It makes sense, it's catchy. 166 00:10:24,840 --> 00:10:26,040 Speaker 1: And she was kind of. 167 00:10:26,600 --> 00:10:29,600 Speaker 10: Hesitant, but she says, well, if you say so. She 168 00:10:29,679 --> 00:10:33,160 Speaker 10: went ahead and just did a lettering for a Redwood Summer, 169 00:10:33,440 --> 00:10:36,440 Speaker 10: and I think that pretty much changed the name. 170 00:10:36,880 --> 00:10:37,520 Speaker 1: I was pleased. 171 00:10:37,559 --> 00:10:40,199 Speaker 10: I felt like that was my biggest contribution to the 172 00:10:40,280 --> 00:10:43,840 Speaker 10: whole thing, because up until that time, I mean, every 173 00:10:43,880 --> 00:10:46,200 Speaker 10: time there was an article in the local press about it, 174 00:10:46,200 --> 00:10:49,680 Speaker 10: and I had this unwieldy Mississippi Summer in the California 175 00:10:49,720 --> 00:10:52,840 Speaker 10: red Wood. It's just come on, you guys, You're not 176 00:10:52,880 --> 00:10:57,200 Speaker 10: going to grab attention of the masses. And in fact 177 00:10:57,440 --> 00:10:59,680 Speaker 10: it did draw a lot of young people, sort of 178 00:10:59,720 --> 00:11:02,319 Speaker 10: a few usion of hippies and punks that showed up. 179 00:11:02,760 --> 00:11:04,880 Speaker 10: They were really the ones that had the energy to 180 00:11:04,960 --> 00:11:05,520 Speaker 10: keep it going. 181 00:11:07,400 --> 00:11:10,520 Speaker 4: A critical part of the Redwood Summer plan was to 182 00:11:10,520 --> 00:11:14,600 Speaker 4: recruit students from around California and the country to come 183 00:11:14,640 --> 00:11:19,160 Speaker 4: to Ecotopia to carry out actions. Judy Darryl and other 184 00:11:19,240 --> 00:11:23,400 Speaker 4: Earth First organizers went to campuses to encourage students to 185 00:11:23,520 --> 00:11:27,800 Speaker 4: join on. These events generally included music as well as 186 00:11:27,920 --> 00:11:29,959 Speaker 4: talks and. 187 00:11:30,040 --> 00:11:32,600 Speaker 1: Every progressive movement that there's ever been. 188 00:11:32,920 --> 00:11:37,319 Speaker 3: The students have always been at the forefront, for one thing, because. 189 00:11:37,160 --> 00:11:39,480 Speaker 5: You're younger than us, and you have new ideas, and 190 00:11:39,640 --> 00:11:41,840 Speaker 5: we have some good old ideas, and you have some 191 00:11:41,920 --> 00:11:45,120 Speaker 5: great new ideas, and you have courage, and you also 192 00:11:45,440 --> 00:11:46,920 Speaker 5: have the summer off from school. 193 00:11:48,559 --> 00:11:51,800 Speaker 4: This is Judy speaking at a college campus during a 194 00:11:51,840 --> 00:11:53,560 Speaker 4: Redwood Summer recruiting event. 195 00:11:54,240 --> 00:11:57,440 Speaker 1: Amazingly called for Redwood Summer this year is because the 196 00:11:57,480 --> 00:11:59,600 Speaker 1: crisis is this year. We don't have any more years 197 00:11:59,600 --> 00:12:02,120 Speaker 1: to wait. This is not a symbolic act. 198 00:12:02,280 --> 00:12:05,959 Speaker 3: We hope to literally slow down the logging by using 199 00:12:06,000 --> 00:12:07,720 Speaker 3: our bodies non violently. 200 00:12:08,120 --> 00:12:09,880 Speaker 1: We hope to do that so that there'll be something 201 00:12:09,960 --> 00:12:10,480 Speaker 1: left to save. 202 00:12:11,000 --> 00:12:14,920 Speaker 3: So we need you to come to northern California this summer, 203 00:12:15,120 --> 00:12:16,720 Speaker 3: and we have an action pledge we're going to be 204 00:12:16,720 --> 00:12:17,480 Speaker 3: passing around you. 205 00:12:17,800 --> 00:12:19,760 Speaker 11: We're asking you to get involved in this and one 206 00:12:19,800 --> 00:12:21,200 Speaker 11: in several ways. 207 00:12:21,120 --> 00:12:24,400 Speaker 3: This is going to be based on nonviolent civil disobedience. 208 00:12:24,440 --> 00:12:26,800 Speaker 1: It's important that we remain non violent. 209 00:12:28,559 --> 00:12:30,000 Speaker 12: Even though the other. 210 00:12:29,840 --> 00:12:32,360 Speaker 5: Side doesn't seem to have the same respect for any 211 00:12:32,440 --> 00:12:34,400 Speaker 5: kind of life, human or non human. 212 00:12:34,160 --> 00:12:34,719 Speaker 1: As we do. 213 00:12:35,160 --> 00:12:37,800 Speaker 3: You can come and do nonviolent civil disobedience with a 214 00:12:37,840 --> 00:12:40,880 Speaker 3: group of people from your school by yourself whatever. If 215 00:12:40,920 --> 00:12:42,760 Speaker 3: you don't want to get arrested, but you can provide 216 00:12:42,800 --> 00:12:45,320 Speaker 3: support for demonstrations, then we need you to. 217 00:12:45,800 --> 00:12:48,240 Speaker 1: If you can organize a group from your school to 218 00:12:48,320 --> 00:12:48,640 Speaker 1: do an. 219 00:12:48,600 --> 00:12:50,880 Speaker 3: Action either in the Redwoods or at your school and 220 00:12:50,920 --> 00:12:52,240 Speaker 3: in your community. 221 00:12:51,720 --> 00:12:55,040 Speaker 1: Then we need you. We need anything, We need everybody. 222 00:12:55,240 --> 00:12:57,840 Speaker 1: It's a showdown in the Redwoods. We need the students, 223 00:12:58,160 --> 00:12:59,080 Speaker 1: we need your health. 224 00:12:59,520 --> 00:13:03,359 Speaker 3: Come to the Redwood Redwood Summer earth First. 225 00:13:06,000 --> 00:13:09,280 Speaker 4: Earth First also reached out to other radical and progressive 226 00:13:09,280 --> 00:13:15,160 Speaker 4: groups to join in Redwood Summer. Again from Judy Berry's deposition. 227 00:13:15,840 --> 00:13:19,600 Speaker 3: We actually also expanded the circle other groups, piece groups, 228 00:13:20,120 --> 00:13:23,160 Speaker 3: local people who didn't usually associate with her First, who 229 00:13:23,240 --> 00:13:25,319 Speaker 3: liked the idea began to come to our meetings. Then 230 00:13:25,360 --> 00:13:29,720 Speaker 3: we welcomed them in and tried to spread the workaround. 231 00:13:30,800 --> 00:13:33,760 Speaker 1: And what particular work were you involved in. 232 00:13:33,679 --> 00:13:40,240 Speaker 3: Them good putting out mailers to notify people, writing articles 233 00:13:40,320 --> 00:13:42,360 Speaker 3: to go. I remember I wrote an article for the 234 00:13:42,480 --> 00:13:46,240 Speaker 3: Student Environmental Action Coalition that was printed in their national papers. 235 00:13:46,920 --> 00:13:50,319 Speaker 3: I made up packet when people would we put out 236 00:13:50,360 --> 00:13:52,880 Speaker 3: phone numbers. If you're interested in coming to Redwood Fumber, 237 00:13:53,120 --> 00:13:54,160 Speaker 3: call these numbers. 238 00:13:54,440 --> 00:13:55,960 Speaker 1: And then if you called that number. 239 00:13:56,360 --> 00:13:59,760 Speaker 3: We talked to people and took down their address, and 240 00:13:59,800 --> 00:14:02,040 Speaker 3: I made up packets and sent them out to them 241 00:14:02,360 --> 00:14:03,200 Speaker 3: to all giving. 242 00:14:03,000 --> 00:14:05,800 Speaker 1: Them maps, telling them what to expect and things like that. 243 00:14:06,200 --> 00:14:10,320 Speaker 2: Were the other groups that were also incorporating themselves into 244 00:14:10,320 --> 00:14:12,360 Speaker 2: the Redwood Summer work, like dB. 245 00:14:12,320 --> 00:14:17,720 Speaker 4: Yeah, and remember Judy and Daryl were meeting with Seeds 246 00:14:17,720 --> 00:14:20,400 Speaker 4: of Peace in Oakland the night before the bombing. 247 00:14:21,520 --> 00:14:26,120 Speaker 3: Groups were there local peace groups, people from Avaloni Alliance, 248 00:14:26,440 --> 00:14:28,800 Speaker 3: the remnants of which had worked on the anti nuclear 249 00:14:28,880 --> 00:14:32,000 Speaker 3: campaign when there was something called Grandmothers for old. 250 00:14:31,800 --> 00:14:32,920 Speaker 1: Bro groups like that. 251 00:14:33,400 --> 00:14:35,600 Speaker 3: So it would it be right to say then that 252 00:14:35,840 --> 00:14:39,400 Speaker 3: they Reglood Summer itself was like a coalition of these grouptures. 253 00:14:39,480 --> 00:14:39,680 Speaker 5: Yeah. 254 00:14:41,760 --> 00:14:44,320 Speaker 4: Judy was then asked if there were any conditions that 255 00:14:44,360 --> 00:14:47,920 Speaker 4: these partner groups had to agree to. Her response was 256 00:14:47,920 --> 00:14:50,360 Speaker 4: that they all had to commit to nonviolence. 257 00:14:52,040 --> 00:14:54,680 Speaker 3: The terms were that this was to be a strictly 258 00:14:55,280 --> 00:14:57,360 Speaker 3: non viblent Gandhian style. 259 00:14:57,120 --> 00:14:59,400 Speaker 1: Civil disobedience type of action. 260 00:14:59,800 --> 00:15:02,920 Speaker 3: Were include no sabotage, would include no violence. 261 00:15:03,240 --> 00:15:06,000 Speaker 13: Did those terms have to be negotiated with Season Piece 262 00:15:06,120 --> 00:15:07,040 Speaker 13: or any other groups. 263 00:15:07,320 --> 00:15:09,320 Speaker 3: Well, we drew them up at a meeting and wrote 264 00:15:09,360 --> 00:15:10,520 Speaker 3: down a nonviolence code. 265 00:15:10,560 --> 00:15:13,440 Speaker 1: But it wasn't a negotiation. We all were in agreement, okay. 266 00:15:13,720 --> 00:15:16,360 Speaker 1: And what was the as some rows the nature of 267 00:15:16,480 --> 00:15:20,400 Speaker 1: non violence totally hoard cerboard exactly what I just said. 268 00:15:20,440 --> 00:15:24,200 Speaker 3: There will be no violence, there will be no verbal violence, 269 00:15:24,240 --> 00:15:26,640 Speaker 3: there will be no drugs or drinking, and there will 270 00:15:26,680 --> 00:15:28,760 Speaker 3: be no property damage or sabotage. 271 00:15:29,120 --> 00:15:30,520 Speaker 1: To believe, those were the four terms. 272 00:15:32,880 --> 00:15:36,040 Speaker 4: Earth First announced their plans for Redwood Summer in March 273 00:15:36,080 --> 00:15:40,000 Speaker 4: of nineteen ninety, less than three months before the bombing. 274 00:15:41,000 --> 00:15:44,400 Speaker 14: And recently earth First announced plans for a Mississippi summer 275 00:15:44,400 --> 00:15:48,240 Speaker 14: in the Redwoods, three months of civil disobedience in Mendocino 276 00:15:48,280 --> 00:15:51,480 Speaker 14: and Humboldt Counties where they would try to stop logging. 277 00:15:51,840 --> 00:15:54,280 Speaker 14: Earth First members say it was after that that the 278 00:15:54,320 --> 00:15:55,400 Speaker 14: threats started coming. 279 00:15:56,920 --> 00:16:08,400 Speaker 4: After the break the announcement of Redwood Summer, a massive 280 00:16:08,480 --> 00:16:12,880 Speaker 4: three month campaign against overcutting and ecotopia, ignited a new 281 00:16:13,160 --> 00:16:16,360 Speaker 4: intense wave of threats against earth First. 282 00:16:17,440 --> 00:16:20,520 Speaker 15: Judy Barry and DARRYL Chenney, both members of earth First, 283 00:16:20,800 --> 00:16:23,280 Speaker 15: are named in this letter from a group called Stompers, 284 00:16:23,560 --> 00:16:25,480 Speaker 15: allegedly Humboldt County workers in. 285 00:16:25,480 --> 00:16:26,480 Speaker 1: The lumber industry. 286 00:16:26,800 --> 00:16:30,000 Speaker 15: Quote if law enforcement fails, or justice will be swift 287 00:16:30,040 --> 00:16:30,760 Speaker 15: and very real. 288 00:16:31,080 --> 00:16:32,800 Speaker 1: We know who you are and where you live. 289 00:16:33,160 --> 00:16:34,840 Speaker 15: If you want to be a martyr, we'll be happy 290 00:16:34,880 --> 00:16:37,920 Speaker 15: to oblige. Our tolerance of your harassment has ended. 291 00:16:38,480 --> 00:16:42,200 Speaker 12: Earth First supporters showed US xerox copies of death threats 292 00:16:42,240 --> 00:16:43,200 Speaker 12: they say they've been. 293 00:16:43,080 --> 00:16:44,240 Speaker 1: Receiving for months. 294 00:16:44,560 --> 00:16:48,080 Speaker 12: The letters threatened to hunt down Earth First members in 295 00:16:48,200 --> 00:16:52,440 Speaker 12: retaliation for their anti logging activities in Humboldt County. 296 00:16:54,320 --> 00:16:57,920 Speaker 4: Several Earth First organizers, such as Darryl Cherney and Greg 297 00:16:58,000 --> 00:17:03,200 Speaker 4: King received death threat letters, but Judy received the most. 298 00:17:03,520 --> 00:17:06,720 Speaker 16: All of the activists were receiving this wall of death threats, 299 00:17:07,000 --> 00:17:10,960 Speaker 16: especially Judy Berry, who was in many ways like the public. 300 00:17:10,640 --> 00:17:14,680 Speaker 4: Face author of Defending Giants Darren Spease. 301 00:17:16,080 --> 00:17:19,520 Speaker 16: Think about just that level of violence, that's like scary 302 00:17:19,640 --> 00:17:24,760 Speaker 16: to think that that level of violence over peaceful kind 303 00:17:24,800 --> 00:17:28,840 Speaker 16: of protest movements, you know, can can be justified in 304 00:17:28,920 --> 00:17:30,320 Speaker 16: somebody's mind somewhere. 305 00:17:32,359 --> 00:17:35,240 Speaker 4: To get an example of what these threatening letters were like, 306 00:17:35,760 --> 00:17:40,360 Speaker 4: here are a couple of examples. One which was handwritten. 307 00:17:39,920 --> 00:17:44,440 Speaker 7: Said we're watching. You'll get your own brand of sabotage 308 00:17:44,960 --> 00:17:48,800 Speaker 7: sooner than you think. Signed a concerned citizen. 309 00:17:50,040 --> 00:17:53,800 Speaker 4: Another was more of a flyer with the message Humboldt 310 00:17:53,840 --> 00:17:58,280 Speaker 4: and Mendocino Counties welcome dirt first to a Mississippi summer, 311 00:17:58,920 --> 00:18:01,919 Speaker 4: written above a drawing of a noose. You don't have 312 00:18:01,960 --> 00:18:04,480 Speaker 4: to know much about lynching in the South to understand 313 00:18:04,560 --> 00:18:08,560 Speaker 4: the image as a threat. Judy sat helped from local 314 00:18:08,640 --> 00:18:13,040 Speaker 4: law enforcement, but she was disappointed. As was the case 315 00:18:13,080 --> 00:18:15,840 Speaker 4: after the brawl and whitehorn and the rear end collision 316 00:18:15,880 --> 00:18:19,480 Speaker 4: and filo that we looked at last episode, law enforcement 317 00:18:19,520 --> 00:18:22,600 Speaker 4: showed little interest in going after Earth first foes. 318 00:18:23,640 --> 00:18:26,480 Speaker 5: So I took this to the Mendocino County Sheriffs and 319 00:18:26,760 --> 00:18:29,760 Speaker 5: two of them, sergeants sat a white and I guess 320 00:18:29,760 --> 00:18:33,080 Speaker 5: he's Lieutenant Burrow Murray, stood there in front of four witnesses, 321 00:18:33,320 --> 00:18:35,480 Speaker 5: and when I asked them to investigate the death threats, 322 00:18:35,800 --> 00:18:39,040 Speaker 5: they said, we don't have the manpower to investigate. If 323 00:18:39,080 --> 00:18:40,960 Speaker 5: you turn up dead, then we'll investigate. 324 00:18:42,040 --> 00:18:45,199 Speaker 4: And these were just the threats she knew about. Timber 325 00:18:45,240 --> 00:18:48,679 Speaker 4: Workers in the area also talked amongst themselves about violent 326 00:18:48,760 --> 00:18:53,760 Speaker 4: retaliation against any sabotage. In his nineteen ninety one documentary 327 00:18:53,960 --> 00:18:58,280 Speaker 4: Who Bombed, Judy Berry Steve Talbot spoke with a retired 328 00:18:58,359 --> 00:18:59,800 Speaker 4: logger named Ed Knight. 329 00:19:01,040 --> 00:19:05,560 Speaker 13: There was a general consensus among the logging community that 330 00:19:05,720 --> 00:19:11,280 Speaker 13: if anybody was caught spiking a tree, they just crucify them. 331 00:19:11,320 --> 00:19:14,280 Speaker 13: They'd take the tree to town with whoever was caught 332 00:19:14,359 --> 00:19:18,239 Speaker 13: Red And it was like vigilantism, and it's worse. I 333 00:19:18,280 --> 00:19:22,440 Speaker 13: can't say that it's making these offers logging logging companies, 334 00:19:22,640 --> 00:19:28,679 Speaker 13: jis jipples basically small contractors, the ones that have the 335 00:19:28,720 --> 00:19:29,520 Speaker 13: most to lose. 336 00:19:30,800 --> 00:19:33,479 Speaker 3: I'd also received I and other organizers, but I had 337 00:19:33,520 --> 00:19:36,480 Speaker 3: gotten the most of them, had received a series of 338 00:19:36,840 --> 00:19:40,560 Speaker 3: written death threats. There were also phone threats. There were 339 00:19:40,600 --> 00:19:42,840 Speaker 3: also people who walked up to us on the street 340 00:19:42,920 --> 00:19:46,120 Speaker 3: and threatened us or to some of thew'll be more specific. 341 00:19:46,160 --> 00:19:49,320 Speaker 3: I know both me and Darryl had that experience. Were 342 00:19:49,359 --> 00:19:52,680 Speaker 3: the threats against Earth First or against Red? When Somemer 343 00:19:52,720 --> 00:19:55,840 Speaker 3: brought the attention of the Menacina County Board of Superviving, Yes, 344 00:19:56,240 --> 00:19:58,720 Speaker 3: I was actually asked by the Board of Supervisors to 345 00:19:58,760 --> 00:20:01,280 Speaker 3: come to the meeting to explain what was going to 346 00:20:01,280 --> 00:20:03,639 Speaker 3: happen in Red with Summer, and I brought. 347 00:20:03,400 --> 00:20:05,040 Speaker 1: The threats to the meeting. 348 00:20:05,480 --> 00:20:08,960 Speaker 3: I displayed them and talked about them in front of 349 00:20:08,960 --> 00:20:11,520 Speaker 3: the Board of Supervisors. 350 00:20:14,440 --> 00:20:17,600 Speaker 4: One of the threats was a striking one page image. 351 00:20:18,040 --> 00:20:21,119 Speaker 4: Someone had taken a newspaper photo of Judy playing her 352 00:20:21,200 --> 00:20:25,000 Speaker 4: fiddle at the April fourth, nineteen ninety Board of Supervisors 353 00:20:25,040 --> 00:20:29,040 Speaker 4: meeting and drawn a rifle scope and crosshairs centered on 354 00:20:29,040 --> 00:20:32,399 Speaker 4: her head. Attached to the sheet was a yellow ribbon. 355 00:20:33,359 --> 00:20:37,119 Speaker 4: This is Judy during her nineteen ninety seven deposition describing 356 00:20:37,240 --> 00:20:38,240 Speaker 4: receiving the letter. 357 00:20:40,160 --> 00:20:41,680 Speaker 3: Did you receive this document? 358 00:20:41,880 --> 00:20:42,120 Speaker 8: Yes? 359 00:20:42,760 --> 00:20:46,800 Speaker 3: And how did you receive it? It was addressed to 360 00:20:46,840 --> 00:20:49,560 Speaker 3: me care of the Mendicito Environmental Center. 361 00:20:50,040 --> 00:20:53,200 Speaker 1: It came in an envelope. This top pieces the. 362 00:20:53,240 --> 00:20:55,359 Speaker 3: Envelope and the bottom was a piece of paper that 363 00:20:55,520 --> 00:20:56,800 Speaker 3: was inside the envelope. 364 00:20:56,920 --> 00:20:58,240 Speaker 10: And when did it come. 365 00:20:58,760 --> 00:21:01,600 Speaker 3: Well, it came in early I don't know the exact date, 366 00:21:01,880 --> 00:21:04,919 Speaker 3: but the post market a tent and I do remember 367 00:21:04,920 --> 00:21:06,720 Speaker 3: that it was early April. And well, it brought to 368 00:21:06,760 --> 00:21:09,800 Speaker 3: your attention right at that time. I picked up my 369 00:21:09,800 --> 00:21:13,880 Speaker 3: mail every day, so I myself opened. 370 00:21:13,560 --> 00:21:17,320 Speaker 1: It and discovered it was okay. And looking at what 371 00:21:17,560 --> 00:21:19,800 Speaker 1: was to be the item that. 372 00:21:19,720 --> 00:21:23,080 Speaker 3: You mentioned before that has the rubin stapled to it. 373 00:21:23,600 --> 00:21:26,760 Speaker 3: What was that the yellow ribbon was the symbol of 374 00:21:26,920 --> 00:21:28,520 Speaker 3: the timber industry, of. 375 00:21:28,520 --> 00:21:30,120 Speaker 1: The pro timber. 376 00:21:29,800 --> 00:21:33,680 Speaker 3: Groups, and how do you know that it was very 377 00:21:33,720 --> 00:21:34,600 Speaker 3: widely used. 378 00:21:36,640 --> 00:21:39,800 Speaker 4: This is Judy showing the threatening letter with her head 379 00:21:39,840 --> 00:21:43,840 Speaker 4: in the crosshairs at the May first, nineteen ninety Mendocino 380 00:21:43,880 --> 00:21:48,160 Speaker 4: County Board of Supervisors meeting. This is a photographic meets. 381 00:21:48,160 --> 00:21:50,560 Speaker 3: There were are from the essayer with the rival stuff 382 00:21:50,640 --> 00:21:51,360 Speaker 3: over my head. 383 00:21:51,800 --> 00:21:54,080 Speaker 1: Probably the person who said it is in this room. 384 00:21:54,359 --> 00:21:58,640 Speaker 4: There's As Judy continued to talk about the threats she'd received, 385 00:21:59,080 --> 00:22:02,480 Speaker 4: a supervisor need Marilyn Butcher lost her temper. 386 00:22:03,280 --> 00:22:04,200 Speaker 1: In addition to the. 387 00:22:04,280 --> 00:22:07,520 Speaker 3: Very deliberate misinformation and hate campaign I see being stirred 388 00:22:07,600 --> 00:22:10,800 Speaker 3: up against us, I also feel very strongly that many 389 00:22:11,119 --> 00:22:14,960 Speaker 3: rym on yourself. Shut up. 390 00:22:17,200 --> 00:22:18,200 Speaker 1: Good bye, real joy. 391 00:22:19,840 --> 00:22:23,399 Speaker 4: The audio is a little hard to follow, but Butcher said, Judy, 392 00:22:23,920 --> 00:22:27,640 Speaker 4: you brought it on yourself. There's some crosstalk, and then 393 00:22:27,640 --> 00:22:30,480 Speaker 4: Butcher gets up and says, either you shut up or 394 00:22:30,520 --> 00:22:35,040 Speaker 4: I'm leaving. Butcher moves towards the door, but Dennis persuaded 395 00:22:35,080 --> 00:22:37,840 Speaker 4: to return to her seat, and the meeting continues. 396 00:22:37,880 --> 00:22:40,120 Speaker 8: My boys, you know there's a lot of things going 397 00:22:40,160 --> 00:22:41,720 Speaker 8: on beside what her First is doing. 398 00:22:42,320 --> 00:22:45,520 Speaker 1: They want to damonstrate peacefully war power to them. But 399 00:22:45,600 --> 00:22:47,960 Speaker 1: the first guy comes on my property. 400 00:22:47,920 --> 00:22:50,040 Speaker 8: And damages a piece of our equipment or engaged one 401 00:22:50,080 --> 00:22:50,879 Speaker 8: my boys. 402 00:22:51,080 --> 00:22:52,080 Speaker 1: The ship a fan. 403 00:22:52,200 --> 00:22:53,200 Speaker 14: I'm sorry to say that, but. 404 00:22:53,160 --> 00:22:53,600 Speaker 1: I need it. 405 00:22:54,920 --> 00:23:01,440 Speaker 3: There were several fake press releases that were designed. 406 00:23:00,960 --> 00:23:02,160 Speaker 1: To look at it they came. 407 00:23:01,960 --> 00:23:04,600 Speaker 3: From earth First, but in fact we're not written by 408 00:23:04,640 --> 00:23:08,679 Speaker 3: Earth First, that were sent to the press and distributed 409 00:23:08,720 --> 00:23:12,000 Speaker 3: in our communities, and those were fix. 410 00:23:12,280 --> 00:23:15,280 Speaker 14: At what period did they come to life? 411 00:23:15,720 --> 00:23:19,600 Speaker 3: April nineteen ninety. 412 00:23:18,920 --> 00:23:22,040 Speaker 4: Judy describes one of the fake press releases. 413 00:23:22,720 --> 00:23:25,920 Speaker 3: It's a document that appears to be from Earth First 414 00:23:25,920 --> 00:23:30,159 Speaker 3: and has our logo. It also refers to four donations 415 00:23:30,160 --> 00:23:33,840 Speaker 3: sent to Darryl Churney, and it also refers to me. However, 416 00:23:33,920 --> 00:23:36,520 Speaker 3: Darryl Turney's name is spelled wrong and I'm listed as 417 00:23:36,560 --> 00:23:37,600 Speaker 3: living in the wrong town. 418 00:23:38,320 --> 00:23:41,679 Speaker 1: And when had that first come into your possession? 419 00:23:42,240 --> 00:23:48,000 Speaker 3: April nineteen ninety and in what circumstances they do compeness? 420 00:23:48,560 --> 00:23:52,439 Speaker 3: These were distributed to the local press. 421 00:23:51,920 --> 00:23:54,280 Speaker 1: And how did you come by a copy? A reporter 422 00:23:54,359 --> 00:23:54,919 Speaker 1: gave it to me. 423 00:23:58,960 --> 00:24:02,359 Speaker 4: In the April twenty ninth edition of the San Francisco Examiner, 424 00:24:02,880 --> 00:24:06,600 Speaker 4: calumnist Rob Morse wrote that he'd received a packet from 425 00:24:06,640 --> 00:24:11,439 Speaker 4: the public relations firm Hill and Knowlton, which represented Pacific Lumber. 426 00:24:11,960 --> 00:24:16,440 Speaker 4: The packet included copies of newspaper articles detailing some environmentalist 427 00:24:16,480 --> 00:24:20,800 Speaker 4: groups opposition to redwood Summer. It also included a press 428 00:24:20,840 --> 00:24:23,840 Speaker 4: release that was supposedly written by Darryl Churney. 429 00:24:24,680 --> 00:24:28,040 Speaker 7: Morse wrote the kit included a press release on the 430 00:24:28,040 --> 00:24:31,440 Speaker 7: Earth First letterhead, but not written in the usual careful, 431 00:24:31,560 --> 00:24:36,120 Speaker 7: sweet style of Earth First. It read like a bad Hollywood. 432 00:24:35,600 --> 00:24:37,560 Speaker 1: Version of what radicals talk like. 433 00:24:38,200 --> 00:24:41,280 Speaker 7: Quote we live best when we laugh in this world 434 00:24:41,400 --> 00:24:45,480 Speaker 7: as wild and mary pranksters, to dance, play, laugh, to 435 00:24:45,560 --> 00:24:48,640 Speaker 7: avoid work as much as possible, and to steal from 436 00:24:48,640 --> 00:24:52,399 Speaker 7: the rich and powerful. End quote at the bottom of 437 00:24:52,400 --> 00:24:55,280 Speaker 7: this ridiculous flyer was the name of Earth First leader 438 00:24:55,359 --> 00:24:57,800 Speaker 7: Darryl Churney, with his first name is spelled. 439 00:24:58,840 --> 00:25:01,480 Speaker 1: A press release also arrived from Pacific. 440 00:25:01,160 --> 00:25:04,240 Speaker 7: Lumber company, saying a flyer going around is announcing a 441 00:25:04,320 --> 00:25:07,800 Speaker 7: hike in the company's forest. Looking at the flyer, it's 442 00:25:07,800 --> 00:25:10,080 Speaker 7: hard to tell who made it up, but it's easy 443 00:25:10,080 --> 00:25:13,359 Speaker 7: to see it's fake. Things are getting pretty weird up here. 444 00:25:13,800 --> 00:25:17,240 Speaker 7: Not only are trees being clearcut, but dirty tricksters are 445 00:25:17,280 --> 00:25:19,320 Speaker 7: turning them into fake press releases. 446 00:25:21,040 --> 00:25:25,000 Speaker 4: Private investigator Josh Morcel, all of a. 447 00:25:25,000 --> 00:25:29,040 Speaker 9: Sudden, a disinformation campaign started in the area where fake 448 00:25:29,119 --> 00:25:32,600 Speaker 9: press releases on Earth First letterhead that rejected the tree 449 00:25:32,640 --> 00:25:35,760 Speaker 9: Spiker renunciation. They called for war against laggers. They started 450 00:25:35,760 --> 00:25:39,560 Speaker 9: getting passed out in sawmills and Earth First to not 451 00:25:39,640 --> 00:25:43,040 Speaker 9: produced them, and so all this was context for how 452 00:25:43,720 --> 00:25:48,440 Speaker 9: sabotage and the talk of sabotage was a big distraction 453 00:25:48,600 --> 00:25:51,600 Speaker 9: from their core work. It made them vulnerable to disinformation 454 00:25:52,119 --> 00:25:55,400 Speaker 9: and it made the community less sympathetic. When environmentalists did 455 00:25:55,440 --> 00:25:56,600 Speaker 9: start receiving threats. 456 00:25:58,400 --> 00:26:01,919 Speaker 4: Faced with the slew of rats and disinformation in the 457 00:26:01,960 --> 00:26:05,800 Speaker 4: form of the fake press releases, Earth First activists arranged 458 00:26:05,800 --> 00:26:08,520 Speaker 4: a meeting with a group of loggers to take place 459 00:26:08,560 --> 00:26:11,840 Speaker 4: in Willets the night before the Seeds of Peace meeting 460 00:26:12,200 --> 00:26:13,200 Speaker 4: on May twenty third. 461 00:26:14,320 --> 00:26:16,560 Speaker 1: Yes, it was the night before. There was a meeting 462 00:26:16,560 --> 00:26:17,400 Speaker 1: in Willards. 463 00:26:17,119 --> 00:26:20,000 Speaker 3: And we're the same people that you mentioned along O 464 00:26:20,080 --> 00:26:24,040 Speaker 3: were at them meeting. Well, Utah Phillips, Dakota, sid and 465 00:26:24,480 --> 00:26:26,200 Speaker 3: Robinson were there, Darryl Churney was. 466 00:26:26,160 --> 00:26:28,840 Speaker 1: Not what was the purpose of that meeting, Wove. 467 00:26:29,600 --> 00:26:32,280 Speaker 3: We were trying to meet with the laggers and the 468 00:26:32,320 --> 00:26:36,160 Speaker 3: log company owners, the small company owners, not the big corporations, 469 00:26:36,560 --> 00:26:40,080 Speaker 3: so that we could work out peaceful relationships with them. 470 00:26:40,119 --> 00:26:44,400 Speaker 3: We were being publicly threatened, and we're trying to establish 471 00:26:44,440 --> 00:26:45,600 Speaker 3: a rapport. 472 00:26:45,280 --> 00:26:46,760 Speaker 1: And make them. 473 00:26:46,720 --> 00:26:50,280 Speaker 3: Understand that we want going to ascabotage their equipment or 474 00:26:50,720 --> 00:26:53,440 Speaker 3: try to direct our protests against them. 475 00:26:54,320 --> 00:26:58,160 Speaker 4: Two days later, the pipe bomb exploded underneath the driver's 476 00:26:58,160 --> 00:27:03,119 Speaker 4: seat of Judy Berry's car. Next time on Rip Current. 477 00:27:06,440 --> 00:27:09,600 Speaker 11: Rip Current was written and hosted by Toby Ball. Our 478 00:27:09,640 --> 00:27:13,520 Speaker 11: executive producers are Trevor Young and Matt Frederick, with supervising 479 00:27:13,560 --> 00:27:17,720 Speaker 11: producer Remat el Kyali and producers Noames Griffin and Jesse Funk. 480 00:27:18,280 --> 00:27:21,960 Speaker 11: Original music by Jeff Sanoff. Our voice actor for Judy 481 00:27:22,040 --> 00:27:26,080 Speaker 11: Barry is Gina Riccikey. Editing and sound design by Nomes Griffin, 482 00:27:26,480 --> 00:27:30,320 Speaker 11: Rima el Kylie and Jesse Funk. The show is mixed 483 00:27:30,359 --> 00:27:34,880 Speaker 11: by Rima el Kyli. For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit 484 00:27:34,920 --> 00:27:45,040 Speaker 11: the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.