WEBVTT - UNGA President Annalena Baerbock Talks UN Priorities

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<v Speaker 1>Bloomberg Audio Studios, podcasts, radio news.

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<v Speaker 2>Carol Master along with Tim Stenovic live here at Bloomberg

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<v Speaker 2>Headquarters in New York City. Well, the eightieth session of

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<v Speaker 2>the You and General Assembly is underway here in the city,

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<v Speaker 2>with the first day of the High Level General Debate

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<v Speaker 2>happening next week. Former German Foreign Minister and Alina Beherbach

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<v Speaker 2>was elected President of the General Assemblies eightieth session on

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<v Speaker 2>June second. Her appointment comes as the regional group that

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<v Speaker 2>includes Western Europe takes its turn at the helm of

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<v Speaker 2>the World Body, and we are delighted to have her

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<v Speaker 2>here in studio. President Mahrbach, so nice to have you

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<v Speaker 2>here with us. It's a shame there's nothing going on

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<v Speaker 2>in the world to talk about. Let's talk about it,

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<v Speaker 2>and I'm going to give you a little bit of

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<v Speaker 2>a list, very familiar, I'm sure to you. Russia's war

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<v Speaker 2>with Ukraine now three and a half years old, a

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<v Speaker 2>recent incident when Russian drones flew over Poland, Israel, and

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<v Speaker 2>Hamas coming up on its second year anniversary, The Tech War,

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<v Speaker 2>the trade War China Taiwan, question marks President Trump, saying

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<v Speaker 2>you had a productive call with President g just today.

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<v Speaker 2>Two largest economies in the world top of mind for

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<v Speaker 2>you as worldwide leaders are gathering here at the UN

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<v Speaker 2>this week.

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<v Speaker 3>It's a lot.

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<v Speaker 4>It's a lot, and it underlines why it needs this

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<v Speaker 4>World Parliament, the United Nations more than ever. However, looking

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<v Speaker 4>around the world, we are not only in shaky times,

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<v Speaker 4>but this institution is under heavy pressure politically and financially,

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<v Speaker 4>and therefore we have to reform it. This is the

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<v Speaker 4>biggest task for this upcoming year and as well, and

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<v Speaker 4>this is what I would like to underline as President

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<v Speaker 4>of this General Assembly and the United Nations that if

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<v Speaker 4>we wouldn't have the United Nations, we would have to

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<v Speaker 4>build it. Because none of these global challenges you just

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<v Speaker 4>mentioned could one country face alone or even solve alone.

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<v Speaker 4>And this is why the theme of this session is

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<v Speaker 4>better together.

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<v Speaker 1>What is your priority in terms of reform. What is

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<v Speaker 1>the number one reform that you intend to accomplish.

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<v Speaker 4>It has to be more efficient. A very big organization.

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<v Speaker 4>It does incredible work. But all we are talking about

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<v Speaker 4>is the failure of the Security Council because, as.

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<v Speaker 3>You mentioned, the war in Ukraine going on.

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<v Speaker 4>Because a permanent member of the Security Council can just

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<v Speaker 4>put a veto so many are asking, so if you're

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<v Speaker 4>not delivering on peace and security, why does it still matter?

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<v Speaker 4>But their institutions like UNITSEV, everybody knows you have.

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<v Speaker 3>Millions of children wouldn't.

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<v Speaker 4>Go to school without the UN UNITSEF one twenty five

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<v Speaker 4>million people would have literally starved last year if the

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<v Speaker 4>World Food Program wouldn't have supported them. And imagine the

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<v Speaker 4>COVID pandemic. Even the biggest countries like the US, a

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<v Speaker 4>strong economy like my country Germany, we could have not

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<v Speaker 4>fought this virus alone because COVID didn't have a passport.

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<v Speaker 3>So you can only do it together with.

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<v Speaker 4>The help of the World Health Organization and vaccination going on.

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<v Speaker 4>But people don't know about these great successes. So make

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<v Speaker 4>clear that this is all the UN and the money

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<v Speaker 4>goes to the points where it actually delivers on the people.

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<v Speaker 4>Is the biggest task and this is why it needs

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<v Speaker 4>this reform. But it needs also the political commitment of leaders.

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<v Speaker 4>It needs obviously the funding of member states, and currently

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<v Speaker 4>especially the host country is questioning this.

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<v Speaker 2>What can you tell us about funding and where you

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<v Speaker 2>are and how much it's difficult and what more could

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<v Speaker 2>you use and what do you need?

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<v Speaker 4>Well, every country should pay their obligation, and the United

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<v Speaker 4>States has been one of the biggest donors. I'm also

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<v Speaker 4>always underlining this Germany has for a long time been

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<v Speaker 4>the seconds biggest donors. But it's in the self interest

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<v Speaker 4>of every country itself, because if we would not have

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<v Speaker 4>these kinds of organizations, imagine also like terrorism, how would

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<v Speaker 4>we fight it together. But at the moment there have

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<v Speaker 4>been the announcement by the American administration that they might

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<v Speaker 4>stop everything. So we are in the depths of discussion peacekeeping.

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<v Speaker 4>If we want to keep peacekeeping going on, then we

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<v Speaker 4>need also the funding from the US side.

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<v Speaker 1>How do you look at the US right now as

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<v Speaker 1>a partner if you indeed do look at the US

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<v Speaker 1>as a partner right now well as.

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<v Speaker 4>A transatlantic not only friend, but like my country owes

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<v Speaker 4>to the American people, not only that we could recover

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<v Speaker 4>after the Second World War, the biggest horror my country did.

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<v Speaker 3>Around the world.

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<v Speaker 4>Actually also the reason why this United Nation was founded,

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<v Speaker 4>and this is why Germany is still committed. But also

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<v Speaker 4>lately reunification. Yeah, that East and Western Germany came together

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<v Speaker 4>again and we are these countries are altogether in NATO.

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<v Speaker 4>So it's the understanding of one for all and all

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<v Speaker 4>for one, and this is why I think the transat

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<v Speaker 4>Landing bond has to be stronger than ever before. But

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<v Speaker 4>obviously they are also at these kind of times different

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<v Speaker 4>views on different topic and this is why the United

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<v Speaker 4>Nations comes into play.

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<v Speaker 3>This is a place where you talk about also disagreements well, but.

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<v Speaker 2>On that and I want to kind of pursue the

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<v Speaker 2>US role. I mean, what would you ask of the

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<v Speaker 2>United States now, because you know there is certainly pushback,

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<v Speaker 2>and we've got a president who at times has said

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<v Speaker 2>We've done a lot as a nation. What more though,

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<v Speaker 2>and how important is it for the US to continue

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<v Speaker 2>to take a leaders leadership role. We've talked a lot

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<v Speaker 2>about the importance of soft power to globally, but how

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<v Speaker 2>important is it that the US take a leadership role

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<v Speaker 2>here when it comes to the UN.

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<v Speaker 4>It's one of the biggest countries in the world. It

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<v Speaker 4>has strong economic interest like many countries in the world.

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<v Speaker 4>And we saw already not only was COVID when global

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<v Speaker 4>trades stopped, we saw it also when the Huthis attacked

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<v Speaker 4>ships in the Red Sea what it would mean for

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<v Speaker 4>global trade.

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<v Speaker 3>We saw it.

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<v Speaker 4>One cargo ship was turned in the channel a couple

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<v Speaker 4>of lot of years. So the effects also for one

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<v Speaker 4>of the biggest economic powers like the US without a

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<v Speaker 4>world of free trade and rules which are based on

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<v Speaker 4>the UN Charter on every country having the same right

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<v Speaker 4>would be horrible. I mean, it attaches employment, it at

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<v Speaker 4>touches economic growth, and maybe one of the recent topics

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<v Speaker 4>artificial intelligence. The whole competence lies in this country here

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<v Speaker 4>in some other countries around the world, so the whole

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<v Speaker 4>setup for artificial intelligence. And there's a high interest also

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<v Speaker 4>from the US administration. This will take place on Thursday,

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<v Speaker 4>actually at this high level week you mentioned, when all

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<v Speaker 4>the tech companies are coming together together with governments to say, okay,

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<v Speaker 4>this is a new potential for the whole world, but

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<v Speaker 4>it obviously also needs regulation, like if we look at

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<v Speaker 4>deep fake and the dangers for the use.

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<v Speaker 1>How does the role of the United Nations change in

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<v Speaker 1>a world where countries increasingly are looking inward, and I

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<v Speaker 1>speak about the United States for example, in the America

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<v Speaker 1>First mentality, in the America First agenda of this administration,

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<v Speaker 1>how do you convey this administration that the UN is

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<v Speaker 1>worth it.

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<v Speaker 3>Good diplomacy?

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<v Speaker 4>My point of view is not about convincing, and it's

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<v Speaker 4>not like just speaking with the people who have the

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<v Speaker 4>same opinion anyhow, then you can just speak to the

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<v Speaker 4>mirror actually, but it's actually taking the people from there

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<v Speaker 4>they are and try to understand why are they arguing

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<v Speaker 4>that way? And if I've understood correctly, this administration, this

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<v Speaker 4>president is very keen about bringing peace to the world.

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<v Speaker 4>So I invited all heads of states to think about

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<v Speaker 4>this moti betted together how can we bring peace to

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<v Speaker 4>this divided world. You need partners, and many partners are

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<v Speaker 4>smaller countries. Soon you need majorities and coming together and

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<v Speaker 4>ask themselves. So what could I do for the United

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<v Speaker 4>Nations so the United Nations would deliver also for me,

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<v Speaker 4>especially with regard to peace support the United Nations peace

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<v Speaker 4>plans around the world. You can only do together if

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<v Speaker 4>you're also engaging with smaller and other countries around the world.

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<v Speaker 4>And the President has announced that you will come on Tuesday,

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<v Speaker 4>that he will speak on Tuesday, and I think this

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<v Speaker 4>is really the place to be for world leaders at

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<v Speaker 4>this United Nations.

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<v Speaker 2>We're talking with Anelina Bareback. She is an eightieth and

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<v Speaker 2>General Assembly President Foreign German Foreign Minister joining us here

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<v Speaker 2>in studio. You know, we know the division that exists geopolitically,

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<v Speaker 2>We see it every day. You've been a very strong

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<v Speaker 2>voice on things like climate diplomacy, human rights. When we

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<v Speaker 2>have such division, when it comes to trade wars and

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<v Speaker 2>business wars and tech wars and just plan out wars,

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<v Speaker 2>how do we move forward on things like climate and

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<v Speaker 2>climate change, which I feel like it's safe to say

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<v Speaker 2>we are all seeing it every day in terms of

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<v Speaker 2>its impact, human rights violations, which I think now is

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<v Speaker 2>becoming a discussion here once again in the United States,

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<v Speaker 2>terms of human rights or free speech. So I'm just curious,

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<v Speaker 2>how do you tackle those and have smart discussions with

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<v Speaker 2>world leaders about that against the broader backdrop that's troubled.

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<v Speaker 3>May be starting with the climate crisis.

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<v Speaker 4>Anyhow, I always say, ah, if you're not staying positive,

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<v Speaker 4>you should not be in international politics.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, then you choose the wrong job.

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<v Speaker 4>But for the climate crisis, for example, I've been at

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<v Speaker 4>the climate conference in Paris ten years ago, and this

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<v Speaker 4>was after a failure or failure of climate conferences worldwide,

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<v Speaker 4>and people said we should just stop. And then ten

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<v Speaker 4>years ago the world agreed, well, obviously climate crisis is happening.

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<v Speaker 3>And it's really touching us.

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<v Speaker 4>But they didn't dare to say phase out of fossil fuels,

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<v Speaker 4>they didn't dare to say renewable energy.

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<v Speaker 3>They just said we had a problem.

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<v Speaker 4>And now in twenty twenty five, actually last year, when

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<v Speaker 4>the world came together at the Climate Conference, they said

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<v Speaker 4>the future is renewable. Yeah, so it was only ten

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<v Speaker 4>years time and was kind of a resolution.

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<v Speaker 3>Dislike that.

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<v Speaker 4>Say, I don't like renewable energy, but I mean the

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<v Speaker 4>power goes where the money goes, and the big industry

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<v Speaker 4>around the world, they have invested into renewable energy. If

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<v Speaker 4>we want to get into the market around the world,

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<v Speaker 4>like on the African continent where still millions are not

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<v Speaker 4>being electrified, this is only possible through renewable energy. So

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<v Speaker 4>I think there are so much investment having spent in

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<v Speaker 4>the renewable sector that there's no drawback, not even if

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<v Speaker 4>by a political decision, because this would be all trended investments. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 4>companies invested into these new trends. So in this regard,

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<v Speaker 4>kind of the economy has taken away. Doesn't mean that

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<v Speaker 4>we still have also other ways obviously to go. But

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<v Speaker 4>if already the golf countries, I mean they're oil producing

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<v Speaker 4>countries are saying we are standing on a second leg

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<v Speaker 4>and this is renewable. Then obviously the world have changed

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<v Speaker 4>in this regard, and I mean you've seen it here

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<v Speaker 4>in your own country. No money in the world can

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<v Speaker 4>protect anybody against the climate effects. When in California, like

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<v Speaker 4>the Witches, neighborhoods were burning.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, it didn't help that you have money.

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<v Speaker 4>You can only help together if you do climate protection

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<v Speaker 4>measures and protection and development around the world.

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<v Speaker 2>So, worldly leaders, you are continuing to have the conversation.

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<v Speaker 2>Companies are continuing to spend, and you're seeing a movement

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<v Speaker 2>continuing to move forward when it comes to renewable energy.

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<v Speaker 4>These are two trends. But obviously this is our world

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<v Speaker 4>of capitalism. Yeah, the logic goes where the money goes.

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<v Speaker 4>And if you just see at the numbers of the

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<v Speaker 4>last years, yeah, where the investment, the big investments went.

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<v Speaker 4>There's a clear trend. And this is a clear trend.

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<v Speaker 4>Is sorry, facing out of fossil not tomorrow, not the

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<v Speaker 4>day after tomorrow, but in the next decades.

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<v Speaker 1>The President of the United States has made his disdain

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<v Speaker 1>for renewables, specifically wind and solar, well known. He doesn't

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<v Speaker 1>like windmills. He likes fossil fel and oil, and he

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<v Speaker 1>likes also nuclear power, but we know there are challenges

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<v Speaker 1>with nuclear power. In your view, is the US going

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<v Speaker 1>to be left behind if we don't invest in renewables.

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<v Speaker 4>Well, my role is not to commenting on national politics. However,

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<v Speaker 4>I've been to Texas actually as a foreign minister, obviously

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<v Speaker 4>also very strong on fossils. But they showed me there,

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<v Speaker 4>especially all the wind parks, and they showed me how

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<v Speaker 4>you make amagnac carbon neutral.

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<v Speaker 3>Because this is the source for the future with global technology.

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<v Speaker 4>So I would say that also in these countries they

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<v Speaker 4>are like parallel trends goinging on and which trends prevails.

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<v Speaker 4>This is a decision of every national steal estate. But

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<v Speaker 4>if you see the trend worldwide, if you see it

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<v Speaker 4>in China, if you see it in Europe, but if

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<v Speaker 4>you see it in Africa, where the population of the

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<v Speaker 4>future is living, it's crystal clear where the future economy

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<v Speaker 4>will go.

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<v Speaker 1>I just want to ask a big picture question. All

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<v Speaker 1>went through this list of the challenging environment that we're in.

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<v Speaker 1>Russia's war with Ukraine now three and a half years old,

0:13:05.040 --> 0:13:08.559
<v Speaker 1>Israel Hinamas coming up on its second year anniversary, the

0:13:08.679 --> 0:13:11.480
<v Speaker 1>challenges between China and Taiwan. You said you want to

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<v Speaker 1>make the UN more efficient, But what would you say

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<v Speaker 1>to a critic that says it hasn't been effective in

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<v Speaker 1>the last few years.

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<v Speaker 3>You're right, not effective enough.

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<v Speaker 4>But I always turned the question around, would any country

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<v Speaker 4>in the world be better off without the United Nation?

0:13:28.400 --> 0:13:31.400
<v Speaker 4>Because the logic of those who argue, well, it didn't

0:13:31.440 --> 0:13:35.319
<v Speaker 4>deliver on the good would be stop doing the right thing,

0:13:36.120 --> 0:13:39.960
<v Speaker 4>but then evil would prevail. Would any truck of humanity

0:13:40.000 --> 0:13:42.920
<v Speaker 4>and aid would enter gather if we say UN doesn't

0:13:42.920 --> 0:13:47.480
<v Speaker 4>work anymore? What the war in Ukraine will stop? If

0:13:47.480 --> 0:13:51.800
<v Speaker 4>we wouldn't have peace, no negotiations going on, not at all.

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<v Speaker 3>So we have to try harder.

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<v Speaker 4>This is our job, and we know from history that

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<v Speaker 4>the most important thing is to keep up hope. And

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<v Speaker 4>hope is not the conviction that everything will go right,

0:14:02.720 --> 0:14:05.000
<v Speaker 4>but hope is a conviction that you do the right thing.

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<v Speaker 4>And diplomis is about doing three hundred days or something

0:14:09.480 --> 0:14:10.680
<v Speaker 4>been three thousand dates.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, if you look.

0:14:11.480 --> 0:14:14.360
<v Speaker 4>Back in history against Second World War, it lasted for

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<v Speaker 4>years and years and years, and then afterwards we built

0:14:17.440 --> 0:14:21.040
<v Speaker 4>the United Nations So it's about not giving up, trying

0:14:21.120 --> 0:14:24.720
<v Speaker 4>even a harder, and always remember what.

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<v Speaker 3>Would you like to do your neighbor would do?

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<v Speaker 4>This is what I asked as a European when there

0:14:29.480 --> 0:14:33.400
<v Speaker 4>was a full invasion of Russia in Ukraine. Imagine that

0:14:33.520 --> 0:14:37.840
<v Speaker 4>this was only eight hours drive away from Berlin capital.

0:14:38.160 --> 0:14:41.080
<v Speaker 4>Would I not want my neighbors helping me out.

0:14:40.880 --> 0:14:42.120
<v Speaker 3>When we would have been invaded?

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<v Speaker 2>Or? Having said that as a European, do Europeans you know,

0:14:48.280 --> 0:14:52.520
<v Speaker 2>feel like the United States has abandoned it an important

0:14:52.800 --> 0:14:54.800
<v Speaker 2>ally and group.

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<v Speaker 4>If you will, will you bring me in difficult situation?

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<v Speaker 3>I switched by my job. No no, and I'm speaking

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<v Speaker 3>now for one hundred and ninety three.

0:15:05.080 --> 0:15:09.640
<v Speaker 4>Member states, but obviously I do have also a national identity.

0:15:10.240 --> 0:15:14.280
<v Speaker 4>But I mean this is alto democracy. Yeah, government change

0:15:14.280 --> 0:15:18.320
<v Speaker 4>and therefore policy change. But I'm a believer, as I said,

0:15:18.360 --> 0:15:21.400
<v Speaker 4>not only an optimist, but a believer that deep inside.

0:15:21.440 --> 0:15:24.200
<v Speaker 4>When everybody asked themselves, so what do I wish for

0:15:24.280 --> 0:15:26.680
<v Speaker 4>my own children? What I do I wish for my

0:15:26.800 --> 0:15:29.320
<v Speaker 4>family is like to have clean water and food, to

0:15:29.360 --> 0:15:32.120
<v Speaker 4>live in peace and security, to go to school, and

0:15:32.160 --> 0:15:34.920
<v Speaker 4>to wish that my friends are helping me out and

0:15:35.120 --> 0:15:38.640
<v Speaker 4>especially between Europe and the US. I mean this has

0:15:38.680 --> 0:15:42.520
<v Speaker 4>been the deepest friendship over the last decades. So the

0:15:42.600 --> 0:15:45.040
<v Speaker 4>motto we had all together, all for one and one

0:15:45.120 --> 0:15:48.400
<v Speaker 4>for all. I think this is what held us really.

0:15:48.440 --> 0:15:52.320
<v Speaker 4>Also the freedom in our different countries, and I believe

0:15:52.800 --> 0:15:56.000
<v Speaker 4>that the majorities on both sides of the Atlantic sees

0:15:56.080 --> 0:15:57.280
<v Speaker 4>it's still the same way.

0:15:57.360 --> 0:15:59.160
<v Speaker 2>Well, I have to say, well, the you and General

0:15:59.160 --> 0:16:01.800
<v Speaker 2>Assembly creates gridlock in New York City and it gets

0:16:01.800 --> 0:16:03.840
<v Speaker 2>a little crazy moving around. It always does give me

0:16:03.880 --> 0:16:05.720
<v Speaker 2>a lot of hope and optimism. We get an opportunity

0:16:05.720 --> 0:16:08.520
<v Speaker 2>to talk to leaders like yourself, global leaders who are

0:16:08.560 --> 0:16:12.520
<v Speaker 2>seeing different perspectives, different views, and just talking about progress

0:16:12.520 --> 0:16:14.120
<v Speaker 2>and things that are getting done around the world. So

0:16:14.640 --> 0:16:16.480
<v Speaker 2>it always gives me some hope. So I'm so glad

0:16:16.520 --> 0:16:18.160
<v Speaker 2>we got some time with you. Good luck this week.

0:16:18.400 --> 0:16:19.680
<v Speaker 3>Thank you, very imagin and all the this.

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<v Speaker 2>Take care a Alita Baerbach. She is the eightieth UN

0:16:23.360 --> 0:16:26.400
<v Speaker 2>General Assembly President Foreign German Foreign Minister, joining us right

0:16:26.440 --> 0:16:27.320
<v Speaker 2>here in studio