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Speaker 1: Happy Saturday. Coming up on the show, we're going to

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Speaker 1: be talking about somebody who got a lot of discussion,

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Speaker 1: a lot of things written about him shortly after his

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Speaker 1: death or during his life, but some of that work

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Speaker 1: is often attributed to Daniel Defoe. We mentioned in this

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Speaker 1: upcoming episode that there are some other purportedly factual writings

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Speaker 1: that may have been Defoe's work, may or may not

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Speaker 1: have really been by de Foe are actually accurate, and

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Speaker 1: that is something that is part of today's Saturday classic

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Speaker 1: On and Body and Mary Read. This episode originally came

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Speaker 1: out on August Enjoy Welcome to Stuff You Missed in

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Speaker 1: History Class, a production of I Heart Radio. Hello, and

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Speaker 1: welcome to the podcast. I'm Tracy Vie Wilson and I'm

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Speaker 1: Holly Frying. You know what we haven't talked about in

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Speaker 1: a while? What pirates? It has been a bit and

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Speaker 1: who does I know? And so today we have the

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Speaker 1: much requested duo of and Bonnie and Mary Read, and

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Speaker 1: it's like, really a lot, a lot of requests. Most

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Speaker 1: of the pirates we have talked about on the show

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Speaker 1: have been captains of their own ships, or in the

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Speaker 1: case of Chungy South from the Sarah and Debilina years

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Speaker 1: a whole fleet of ships. As a side note, I

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Speaker 1: listened to the beginning of that podcast the other day.

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Speaker 1: I have listened to it before, but I was really

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Speaker 1: listening to the beginning beginning of it. And Sarah and

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Speaker 1: Doublina also mentioned that they also got a lot of

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Speaker 1: requests for and Bonnie and Mary Read and so people

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Speaker 1: have been asking for that for quite a while. Uh.

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Speaker 1: Bonnie and Read though, they were members of another pirate's crew,

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Speaker 1: and they were made famous by a book called A

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Speaker 1: General History of the Pirates from their first rise and

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Speaker 1: settlement of the Island of Providence to the present time.

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Speaker 1: And that book is where most of the information on

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Speaker 1: their lives came from. So we're also going to talk

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Speaker 1: about that book itself in today's show. And so you're

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Speaker 1: probably going to notice when we're talking about the early

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Speaker 1: lives of these two women that we are being weirdly vague.

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Speaker 1: It is it possible that at about two o'clock yesterday afternoon,

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Speaker 1: I am Holly and said, I understand why no one

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Speaker 1: did this yet, uh, because it's weirdly vague. And we

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Speaker 1: are going to talk about why it is weirdly vague

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Speaker 1: in the third act of today's show when we talk

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Speaker 1: about this book that made and Bonnie and Mary Read

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Speaker 1: quite famous. So we'll start with Mary Reid, who was

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Speaker 1: most likely born in England, and although there's no historical

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Speaker 1: documentation to substantiate it, according to a general history of pirates,

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Speaker 1: her mother married a sailor and had a son, and

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Speaker 1: that sailor didn't return from a voyage, and Mary Reid's mother,

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Speaker 1: still living with her in laws, later became pregnant and

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Speaker 1: enough time had passed that her depart husband could not

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Speaker 1: have been the father, So to avoid the stigma of

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Speaker 1: having a child out of wedlock, she went away to

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Speaker 1: the country. Before she was born, Mary's half brother died,

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Speaker 1: and then after her birth, Mary's mother stayed in the

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Speaker 1: country with her until she started to run out of money.

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Speaker 1: Then she went back to London with the hope of

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Speaker 1: leaving the young Mary with her late husband's mother. Disguised

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Speaker 1: as her late son. She was basically trying to pass

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Speaker 1: her daughter off as her now deceased son to her

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Speaker 1: mother in law. Mary's purported grandmother in this situation didn't

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Speaker 1: agree to take her off her mother's hands, but she

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Speaker 1: did offer them some money to help with expenses, which

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Speaker 1: meant that Mary had to continue to masquerade as her

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Speaker 1: own deceased half brother, and this went on until Mary's

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Speaker 1: grandmother died when Mary was about thirteen years old, and

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Speaker 1: her mother, who by this point had filled her in

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Speaker 1: about her actual parentage, decide did that she should continue

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Speaker 1: her life of disguise, and so Mary went to work

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Speaker 1: as a footboy. However, before long, Mary got tired of

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Speaker 1: that job and decided to go to see herself, hoping

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Speaker 1: to win a commission. That did not work out, though,

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Speaker 1: so she spent some time in a military regiment, still

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Speaker 1: disguised as a man, and there she met her future husband,

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Speaker 1: who was a fellow soldier who she quote allowed to

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Speaker 1: discover that she was really a woman. When they got married,

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Speaker 1: she quit military life and for a while she abandoned

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Speaker 1: her disguise. Her husband, however, died not long after they married,

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Speaker 1: and Mary Reid decided to head for the Caribbean, and

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Speaker 1: according again to the general history of pirates, Reid resumed

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Speaker 1: her disguise and fell in with another pirate crew first,

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Speaker 1: but the historical record seems to suggest that she stayed

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Speaker 1: on the right side of the law until for unknown reasons,

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Speaker 1: she disguised herself as a man and joined the crew

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Speaker 1: of John Rackham, a k A. Calico Jack. And there

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Speaker 1: was another woman on Calico j a ship, and that

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Speaker 1: woman was Anne Bonnie. As for Anne, Bonnie's early upbringing,

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Speaker 1: and Bonnie was reportedly born near Cork in Ireland, she

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Speaker 1: was also an illegitimate child, the illegitimate child of an attorney,

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Speaker 1: and that attorney is reported by some people to be

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Speaker 1: William Cormick, although this is really unsubstantiated. Bonnie's mother is

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Speaker 1: reported to have been one of the household maids in

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Speaker 1: this attorney's home. Also under the cold the category of

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Speaker 1: reportedly here is that her father eventually took Anne to

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Speaker 1: live with him, but disguised her as a boy, supposedly

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Speaker 1: a relative that he was training to be a clerk.

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Speaker 1: And he did this to avoid raising the suspicions of

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Speaker 1: his estranged wife, who knew that he had had an

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Speaker 1: affair with the maid, but did not know that that

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Speaker 1: affair had produced Anne. It's all very confusing. There's there's

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Speaker 1: so much uh draft egg and like shifted identities and

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Speaker 1: I want to see, yeah, I do want to clarify

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Speaker 1: that for both of these women. I mean, according to

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Speaker 1: every historical account, these were disguises and not expressions of

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Speaker 1: their gender. Uh. This ruse, by the way, did not work.

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Speaker 1: His wife found out what was going on, so Ann's

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Speaker 1: father and and AND's mother the maid relocated from Ireland

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Speaker 1: to Charleston, South Carolina, where they all lived until Ann's

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Speaker 1: mother died when Anne was thirteen. Thirteen seems to be

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Speaker 1: the magic age to lose a relative in this story. Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: they are very similar according to general history of the pirates.

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Speaker 1: When Anne took her mother's place running the household, there

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Speaker 1: were rumors that she had an incredibly bad temper. One

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Speaker 1: of these rumors was that she actually killed a serving

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Speaker 1: maid with like a table knife. Another rumor was that

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Speaker 1: she had beaten a man who tried to sexually assault

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Speaker 1: her basically senseless. It's possible that, in this behavior and

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Speaker 1: the habit that she developed of carousing with pirates, that

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Speaker 1: Anne was inspired by Grace O'Malley, which is an Anglicized

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Speaker 1: version of the Irish name Grannemalia Uh O'Malley plundered off

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Speaker 1: the coast of Ireland in the sixteenth century and had

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Speaker 1: a reputation for being incredibly fierce. She also in case

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Speaker 1: you are wondering or are about to write in, is

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Speaker 1: already a frequently requested podcast topic. Anne's father, frustrated by

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Speaker 1: her behavior and the impact that it was having on

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Speaker 1: his business, arranged a marriage for her, but instead she

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Speaker 1: got married to a sailor named John Bonnie. In seventeen eighteen,

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Speaker 1: they went to the Bahamas, where John Bonnie started to

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Speaker 1: work for Governor Woods Rogers as an informant against pirates. Essentially,

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Speaker 1: he would turn pirates into the governor to get the

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Speaker 1: reward money. And there's another version of that story as

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Speaker 1: well that Anne wanted to go to the Bahamas on

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Speaker 1: her own, so she hired a woman to tend to

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Speaker 1: be her mother's so that she could book passage, and

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Speaker 1: then she met John Bonnie and married him after she

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Speaker 1: was already in the Bahamas. So two differing accounts regardless.

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Speaker 1: At some point during their time in the Bahamas, and

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Speaker 1: Bonnie also fell in with Calico Jack Rackham and the

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Speaker 1: two began an affair. When John Bonnie found out about it,

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Speaker 1: Rackham offered to pay him to divorce her, but he

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Speaker 1: refused to grant that divorce. Ultimately, Anne abandoned her husband

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Speaker 1: and joined Rackham on his pirate ship, although she did

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Speaker 1: leave it temporarily to give birth to their child in Cuba,

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Speaker 1: and then she rejoined the ship later. And we're going

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Speaker 1: to talk about and Bonnie and Mary Reid's brief lives

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Speaker 1: with Calico Jack after we first pause and have a

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Speaker 1: word from one of our sponsors. By seventeen twenty, both

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Speaker 1: and Bonnie and Mary read were part of John Rackham

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Speaker 1: a k a. Calico Jack Rackham's crew. As for Rackham,

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Speaker 1: he had served as quartermaster under another pirate named Charles Vain,

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Speaker 1: aboard Vain's ship, the briganteam Uh. During this time of

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Speaker 1: the crew, the brigantine came across a French man of

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Speaker 1: war that Rackham and several of the rest of the

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Speaker 1: crew wanted to take over, but Vain refused. The members

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Speaker 1: of the crew, who rejected this decision from their captain

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Speaker 1: all rallied around Rackham. They deposed Vain, They put him

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Speaker 1: and the rest of the naysayers aboard a small sloop Uh,

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Speaker 1: leaving the Brigantine under Rackham's command instead. On two different occasions,

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Speaker 1: after taking over the Brigantine, Jack Rackham actually gave up

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Speaker 1: piracy and took the King's pardon. He was also briefly

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Speaker 1: a privateer. However, he just kept returning to piracy, and

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Speaker 1: the last time he did it was because, purportedly, it

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Speaker 1: was discovered that Anne Bonnie was again pregnant with his

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Speaker 1: child while still married to John Bonnie, and they had

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Speaker 1: been threatened with whipping if they continued their affairs, so

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Speaker 1: they just left. On August seventeen twenty, Jack Rackham and

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Speaker 1: Bonnie and Mary Reid were all part of a party

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Speaker 1: that stole a sloop called the William, which belongs to

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Speaker 1: a man named John Ham. Sadly that is, with only

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Speaker 1: one m and not two. They took on a crew

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Speaker 1: of twelve and began sailing the William around the Bahamas,

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Speaker 1: plundering as they went. They mostly for a while went

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Speaker 1: after small fishing boats, and they would just take the

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Speaker 1: fish and the tackle and then be on their way.

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Speaker 1: Reid struck up a relationship with one of the other pirates,

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Speaker 1: although he is never named in any of the the accounts,

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Speaker 1: she was apparently fond enough of him that when he

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Speaker 1: was challenged to a duel by another pirate, she challenged

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Speaker 1: that pirate to her own duel two hours before and

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Speaker 1: killed him on the spot. Sources disagree about whether Bonnie

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Speaker 1: and Read maintained their disguises while aboard rackham ship. In

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Speaker 1: some versions, they made no effort to hide their gender,

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Speaker 1: but they did don more masculine clothing when they were

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Speaker 1: raiding other ships, basically because it was more practical. Others

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Speaker 1: claimed that they steadfastly disguised themselves until they were eventually

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Speaker 1: bought brought to trial, even though Rackham of course new

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Speaker 1: Bonnie was a woman because he was in relationship with her.

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Speaker 1: Still others claimed that they wore men's clothing, but still

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Speaker 1: were very obviously to any outside observer women. A General

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Speaker 1: History of Pirates seems to change its mind on this score,

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Speaker 1: Like within the same paragraph, I kept having to go

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Speaker 1: back and be like, no, but it said, but that's

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Speaker 1: that's not what it said two sentences. On October nineteen,

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Speaker 1: Rackham and crew captured a British schooner called the Neptune,

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Speaker 1: stealing its cargo, which included fifty rolls of tobacco. The

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Speaker 1: next day, they captured and kept the British schooner Mary

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Speaker 1: and Sarah h. When they realized they didn't have enough

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Speaker 1: crew to manage three ships, they let some of their

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Speaker 1: prisoners go aboard the Neptune, and at about the same

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Speaker 1: time they also robbed a canoe crewed by a woman

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Speaker 1: named Dorothy Thomas, who rack'em let go over, Bonnie and

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Speaker 1: reads objections that she might report them to the authorities.

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Speaker 1: That they didn't really need to be worried about that,

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Speaker 1: because the authorities already knew Governor. Governor Woods Rogers had

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Speaker 1: heard about Rackham's piratical activities that at this point, we're

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Speaker 1: off the coast of Jamaica, and on September five he

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Speaker 1: had dispatched the privateer captain Jonathan Barnett to take care

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Speaker 1: of it, Bonnie and read, we're on deck. When Barnett's

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Speaker 1: ship found and approached them on October of seventeen twenty.

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Speaker 1: By this time, the crew, for reasons that are not clear,

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Speaker 1: had shrunk from twelve people to seven, and most of

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Speaker 1: the crew had spent much of the night drinking with

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Speaker 1: the crew of a turtling boat that they had come

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Speaker 1: across and invited aboard. Rackham gave the order to flee,

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Speaker 1: but ultimately they were overtaken, so most of Rackham's crew

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Speaker 1: were intoxicated when Barnett ordered them to surrender. Bonnie and Read, however,

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Speaker 1: refused to surrender, and also, we're not intoxicated, and they

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Speaker 1: were at least not intoxicated enough to not fight. They

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Speaker 1: fought back with pistols and blades until they were captured.

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Speaker 1: Read was purportedly so incensed at the fact that the

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Speaker 1: two of them were basically the only ones offering any

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Speaker 1: resistance that she yelled below decks for the men to

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Speaker 1: come up and fight, and when no one answered her,

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Speaker 1: she fired into the hold, killing one of Rackham's crew

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Speaker 1: in the process. I was going to liken this to

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Speaker 1: like those projects that happened sometimes when you're in school

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Speaker 1: or at work with a team and you do all

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Speaker 1: the work, but you usually you don't kill your other

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Speaker 1: team members. Uh. Bonnie and Reid's attempt to hold off

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Speaker 1: Barnett's crew was unsuccessful. The William and the Mary and Sarah,

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Speaker 1: which they were still keeping as a prize, we're both captured.

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Speaker 1: Two frenchmen who had been forced into service testified against

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Speaker 1: them and were allowed to go. Trials for Rackham and

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Speaker 1: his crew began on November sixteenth, seventeen twenty, and they

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Speaker 1: were all found guilty and hanged. Rackham's last request was

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Speaker 1: to get to see a Bonnie one last time, but

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Speaker 1: she had no patience for him at all, purportedly saying, quote,

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Speaker 1: if you had fought like a man, you need not

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Speaker 1: have been hanged like a dog. Bodies of Rackham and

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Speaker 1: two of his crew were then displayed in chains along

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Speaker 1: the coast as a warning to other pirates, and Bonnie

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Speaker 1: and Mary Reid were tried on November. According to the

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Speaker 1: General History of Pirates, quote, two other pirates were tried

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Speaker 1: that belonged to Rackham's crew and being convicted, were brought

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Speaker 1: up and asked if either of them had anything to say,

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Speaker 1: why sentence of death should not pass upon them in

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Speaker 1: like manner as had been done to all the rest,

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Speaker 1: And both of them pleaded their bellies, being quick with child,

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Speaker 1: and prayed that execution might be stayed her upon the

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Speaker 1: court past sentence as in cases of piracy, but ordered

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Speaker 1: them back till a proper jury should be appointed to

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Speaker 1: inquire into the matter. So both women were spared execution

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Speaker 1: because they were pregnant, and then sent to prison, and

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Speaker 1: Bonnie apparently survived her time in prison, but it's really

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Speaker 1: unclear what happened her after that. She basically disappears from

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Speaker 1: the historical record, Mary Read died possibly of a fever

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Speaker 1: or possibly possibly due to complications of childbirth before being

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Speaker 1: released from prison. She's probably the same Mary Read who

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Speaker 1: was mentioned in a death record from April seventeen twenty one. So, uh,

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Speaker 1: Next up, we're going to talk about why is this

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Speaker 1: episode so weirdly vague and what is up with the

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Speaker 1: book that Tracy did used for a lot of the

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Speaker 1: research we're going to talk about all of that. Of

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Speaker 1: a first, we will pause once again for a word

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Speaker 1: from one of our fantastic sponsors. So A General History

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Speaker 1: of the Pirates from their first rise and settlement in

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Speaker 1: the Island of Providence to the present time was published

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Speaker 1: under the name of Captain Charles Johnson. The addition that

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Speaker 1: is cited most often is the second edition, which is

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Speaker 1: significantly expanded from the first edition. Both of them were

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Speaker 1: published in seventeen twenty four. A whole second volume came

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Speaker 1: out in seventy eight, and this book was hugely popular

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Speaker 1: in its day. There were four editions in print by

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Speaker 1: seventeen twenty six, and then multiple versions and multiple other

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Speaker 1: languages as well. Historians generally agree that Captain Charles Johnson

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Speaker 1: is a pseudonym. And there's some debate about who actually

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Speaker 1: wrote this book. It's often attributed to Daniel Dafoe of

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Speaker 1: Robinson Crusoe and Maul Flanders fame. Uh. The first person

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Speaker 1: that made that connection was John Robert Moore into and

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Speaker 1: it's common enough that a lot of sources say it's

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Speaker 1: by Daniel Dafoe without including any qualifiers to that assertion.

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Speaker 1: One other candidate is Nathaniel Missed, who was a sailor

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Speaker 1: before becoming a printer and a journalist. And there's definitely

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Speaker 1: no documentation of any Captain Charles Johnson. Yeah, a lot

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Speaker 1: of a lot of places just take completely for granted

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Speaker 1: that it was Daniel Dafoe who wrote it. But apparently

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Speaker 1: John Robert Moore's methodology was basically, hey, you know who's

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Speaker 1: writing this? Sounds like to me Daniel Dafoe. I bet

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Speaker 1: Daniel Dafoe wrote this like that. And there there's there's

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Speaker 1: more of a paper trail that says maybe it's a

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Speaker 1: Nathaniel mr or some other person than Daniel Dafoe, which

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Speaker 1: seems to be mostly like a gut instinct. So, I mean,

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Speaker 1: based on all of this nebulosity about who wrote it

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Speaker 1: and the fact of the things that we've read, I mean,

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Speaker 1: we can really just take for granted that at least

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Speaker 1: some of this book is embellished. Even so, it crops

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Speaker 1: up again and again and again as source material about

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Speaker 1: lots of pirates who lived up through the early eighteenth century,

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Speaker 1: including some other previous subjects from our podcast, including Blackbeard

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Speaker 1: and Steve Bonnet. So, in addition to being like a

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Speaker 1: go to source that just is cited over and over,

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Speaker 1: it basically standardized a lot of the things that we

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Speaker 1: think of as the golden age of piracy. And it's

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Speaker 1: sort of standardized the image of a lot of these

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Speaker 1: particular pirates, like Calico Jack Rackham got his name in

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Speaker 1: this book based on his garish clothing, which might have

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Speaker 1: actually been made up. But it's like how everybody imagines

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Speaker 1: Calico Jack Rackham. Now, now that's a matter of accepted history,

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Speaker 1: even though we don't we don't know. Uh. And when

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Speaker 1: it comes to Bonnie and Read specifically, Captain Johnson spends

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Speaker 1: a pretty good chunk of words reiterating that the story

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Speaker 1: that he is telling is absolutely true. In the introduction,

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Speaker 1: he takes time to mention their trials and living eyewitnesses

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Speaker 1: as additional proof that this really happened. And then he

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Speaker 1: goes on to say, quote, it is certain we have

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Speaker 1: produced some particulars which were not so publicly known. The

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00:19:07,720 --> 00:19:10,720
Speaker 1: reason is we were more inquisitive into the circumstances of

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Speaker 1: their past lives than other people who had no other

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Speaker 1: design than that of gratifying their own private curiosity. If

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Speaker 1: there are some incidents and turns in their stories which

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Speaker 1: may give them a little the air of a novel,

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Speaker 1: they are not invented or contrived for that purpose. It

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Speaker 1: is a kind of reading this author is but little

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Speaker 1: acquainted with. But as he himself was exceedingly diverted with

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Speaker 1: them when they were related to him, he thought they

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Speaker 1: might have the same effect upon the reader. He's basically

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Speaker 1: saying this is totally true. You guys, Yeah, I know

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Speaker 1: this sounds made up, but it really happened. And then

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Speaker 1: once he actually gets to an Bonnie uh and Mary

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Speaker 1: reads part of the book which is within the Captain

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Speaker 1: to chapter that's on Calico Jack Rackham, he takes the

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Speaker 1: time to say it again. He says, quote, the odd

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Speaker 1: incidents of their rambling lives are such that some may

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Speaker 1: be tempted to think the whole story is no better

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Speaker 1: than a novel or romance. But since it is supported

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Speaker 1: by many thousand witnesses, I mean, the people of Jamaica

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Speaker 1: who were present at their trials and heard the story

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Speaker 1: of their lives upon the first discovery of their sex,

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Speaker 1: the truth of it can be no more contested than

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Speaker 1: that there are such men in the world as Roberts

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Speaker 1: and Blackbeard who were pirates. So much insistence, like for real,

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Speaker 1: for real, I mean just I mean, I know it

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Speaker 1: sounds weird, but really this is weird. It's but it's real,

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Speaker 1: is basically, what are you saying? Yeah, this is just

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Speaker 1: a whole lot of reassurance that he's being truthful. Uh.

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Speaker 1: On top of that, the accounts of Bonnie and Read's

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Speaker 1: early lives are simultaneously incredibly vague and full of completely

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Speaker 1: unnecessary detail. There's very little in the of names and

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Speaker 1: dates and specific places, and yet the story of Anne

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Speaker 1: Bonnie's young life spends at least four pages on the

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Speaker 1: saga of three silver spoons that Ann's father tried to

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Speaker 1: use to scare away the maid suitor, which instead revealed

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Speaker 1: his affair to his wife and landed the maid in jail.

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Speaker 1: And in addition to that, whole spoon drama. There's also

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Speaker 1: a lot of gossipy aside in Bonnie's life story about

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Speaker 1: all of the drama between her mother and her father

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Speaker 1: and her father's wife with multiple extramarital affairs and even

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Speaker 1: an inheritance to argue over. There's also a lot of

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Speaker 1: gossipy titillation about Bonnie and Reid's time on the ship

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Speaker 1: together and their lives beforehand as adults. Uh. In this

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Speaker 1: particular account, as told in the General History of the Pirates,

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Speaker 1: Rackham obviously knew that Anne Bonnie was a woman because

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Speaker 1: they were in a relationship together, but Uh, Mary Reid

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Speaker 1: joined the crew disguised as a man and then maintained

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Speaker 1: that disguise once a board. Then, according to this book,

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Speaker 1: and Bonnie quote took a particular liking to her, and

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Speaker 1: then Quote first discovered her sex to Mary Read. Mary Read,

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Speaker 1: knowing that what she would be at and being very

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00:22:14,840 --> 00:22:18,359
Speaker 1: sensible of her own incapacity that way, was forced to

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Speaker 1: come to a right understanding with her, and to the

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Speaker 1: great disappointment of an Bonnie, she let her know she

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Speaker 1: was a woman also. So basically, according to uh this book,

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Speaker 1: Uh and Bonnie was like, Hey, I'm actually a woman

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Speaker 1: if you want to get together, and Mary Reid was like, oh,

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Speaker 1: you know, actually I can't because I'm also a woman.

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Speaker 1: And it's just it's all told in this very gossipy,

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Speaker 1: kind of flirty, winky way, and Jack Rackham was apparently

377
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Speaker 1: incredibly jealous of Bonnie's attention to read, at which point

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Speaker 1: Bonnie let him know that there was nothing to worry

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Speaker 1: about because read was as we've just been saying, also,

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Speaker 1: what woman, And this whole bit, as Tracy said, it's

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Speaker 1: told with a lot of slyness and you know, nudge nudge,

382
00:23:05,400 --> 00:23:11,000
Speaker 1: wink wink, like we're all, oh, it's all very til eating. Yeah,

383
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Speaker 1: And then I'm gonna say I did not get to

384
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Speaker 1: read the whole entire book while preparing this thing, but

385
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Speaker 1: I did read the chapters on some of the other

386
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Speaker 1: Pirates to see to see whether my suspicion that all

387
00:23:25,720 --> 00:23:29,000
Speaker 1: of this like gossipy tilation about and Bonnie and Mary

388
00:23:29,040 --> 00:23:31,760
Speaker 1: read was unique to their stories. And basically, yeah, I mean,

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Speaker 1: there's plenty of stuff that seems sensationalized and overly dramatized

390
00:23:35,400 --> 00:23:37,719
Speaker 1: in the other Pirates stories, but like and Bonnie and

391
00:23:37,720 --> 00:23:41,480
Speaker 1: Mary read are really a whole category apart in terms

392
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Speaker 1: of like sensational gossip. And on top of that, the

393
00:23:46,960 --> 00:23:51,679
Speaker 1: depictions of and Body and Mary Read shifted in subsequent

394
00:23:51,840 --> 00:23:54,080
Speaker 1: editions of the book. So in the first edition, this

395
00:23:54,320 --> 00:23:58,159
Speaker 1: the illustration of them you would probably think of as

396
00:23:58,240 --> 00:24:02,240
Speaker 1: more stereotypically masculin, and they're in men's clothing, they're holding weapons,

397
00:24:02,280 --> 00:24:05,679
Speaker 1: they look fierce. Their hair is down and long, but

398
00:24:05,760 --> 00:24:09,080
Speaker 1: that wouldn't have necessarily meant that that, like that was

399
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Speaker 1: a women's hairstyle at the time, and they have this

400
00:24:12,640 --> 00:24:16,480
Speaker 1: baggy clothing on, So in looking at them, today's reader

401
00:24:16,560 --> 00:24:20,320
Speaker 1: might not immediately categorize them as any particular gender before

402
00:24:20,320 --> 00:24:23,520
Speaker 1: actually looking at the caption that spells out that these

403
00:24:23,520 --> 00:24:27,040
Speaker 1: are women that are dressed as men. And the Dutch

404
00:24:27,080 --> 00:24:31,120
Speaker 1: second edition, though, they're wearing open jackets that revealed their

405
00:24:31,200 --> 00:24:36,359
Speaker 1: bare chests, and it's unquestionable that number one, they are women,

406
00:24:36,560 --> 00:24:39,639
Speaker 1: and that number two there is some degree of naughtiness

407
00:24:39,640 --> 00:24:43,840
Speaker 1: in this whole affair, like it is definitely a that

408
00:24:44,080 --> 00:24:46,119
Speaker 1: like the kind of picture that you would see in

409
00:24:46,160 --> 00:24:49,840
Speaker 1: the textbook in seventh grade and giggle with your friends over.

410
00:24:51,760 --> 00:24:54,640
Speaker 1: And the text describing Bonnie and Read shifts as well

411
00:24:55,160 --> 00:24:58,640
Speaker 1: by seventeen sixty five read specifically refers to Bonnie as

412
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Speaker 1: her lover, whereas that was not the case in earlier additions.

413
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Speaker 1: The number and amorousness of and Bonnie's affairs also grows

414
00:25:06,680 --> 00:25:12,359
Speaker 1: in subsequent editions. So, long story short, and Bonnie and

415
00:25:12,400 --> 00:25:15,480
Speaker 1: Mary Reid were definitely real people who were definitely aboard

416
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Speaker 1: Calico Jack Rackham's ship. They definitely stood trial, they definitely

417
00:25:19,600 --> 00:25:23,560
Speaker 1: were spared execution because they were each pregnant. But our

418
00:25:23,600 --> 00:25:28,480
Speaker 1: conceptions of them draw mostly from a really sensational problem

419
00:25:28,560 --> 00:25:32,720
Speaker 1: riddled book that got even more sensationalized about them in

420
00:25:32,760 --> 00:25:36,040
Speaker 1: particular over time. In a way, it's kind of disappointing

421
00:25:36,280 --> 00:25:40,080
Speaker 1: because like they've become such like people have that they're

422
00:25:40,080 --> 00:25:43,240
Speaker 1: in the collective memory as like these two incredible fierce

423
00:25:43,840 --> 00:25:47,399
Speaker 1: lady pirates who fought bravely next to each other and

424
00:25:47,440 --> 00:25:50,880
Speaker 1: like had all these wild adventures. Uh. And in reality,

425
00:25:50,960 --> 00:25:55,880
Speaker 1: the historical documentation of them is a few sentences mostly

426
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Speaker 1: about being on trial and being spared execution due to

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Speaker 1: pregnant see. And then it's like a weird sexy romp

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Speaker 1: in some like it's just very I mean, number one,

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Speaker 1: there's like a lot of stuff in it that is

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Speaker 1: that is very very gendered, even by today's standards, very gendered,

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Speaker 1: and then a lot of it that's very clearly like

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Speaker 1: meant to titlate people while not being like explicit but

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Speaker 1: hinting at explicitness a lot by so much for joining

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Speaker 1: us on this Saturday. Since this episode is out of

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Speaker 1: the archive, if you heard an email address or a

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Speaker 1: Facebook U r L or something similar over the course

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Speaker 1: of the show, that could be obsolete now. Our current

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Speaker 1: email address is History Podcast at i heart radio dot com.

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Speaker 1: Our old health stuff works email address no longer works,

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Speaker 1: and you can find us all over social media at

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Speaker 1: missed in History and you can subscribe to our show

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Speaker 1: on Apple podcasts, Google podcasts, the I heart Radio app,

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00:27:07,960 --> 00:27:14,240
Speaker 1: and wherever else you listen to podcasts. Stuff You Missed

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Speaker 1: in History Class is a production of I heart Radio.

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Speaker 1: For more podcasts from I heart Radio, visit the iHeart

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Speaker 1: Radio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you listen to your

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Speaker 1: favorite shows. M