1 00:00:09,119 --> 00:00:11,360 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to food Stuff. I'm Anny Reese and 2 00:00:11,360 --> 00:00:16,160 Speaker 1: I'm Lauren folc Obam and today we're talking about cod Yep, 3 00:00:16,480 --> 00:00:20,600 Speaker 1: it's a whole episode about codfish. Yes, and it's quite 4 00:00:20,960 --> 00:00:23,600 Speaker 1: the tail, the fish tail, the tail of big fish. 5 00:00:23,760 --> 00:00:28,680 Speaker 1: It's very beady and fish. It all kind of a 6 00:00:28,680 --> 00:00:33,680 Speaker 1: little bit fishy. Yes, Yes, it's an important fish. It is. 7 00:00:33,800 --> 00:00:37,159 Speaker 1: I had no idea and I'm honestly really excited to 8 00:00:37,159 --> 00:00:40,680 Speaker 1: tell you guys about it. Yes, I am too, and 9 00:00:40,840 --> 00:00:45,360 Speaker 1: not only because the pun opportunity one is one of 10 00:00:45,360 --> 00:00:49,120 Speaker 1: the reasons we decided to do this episode, and to 11 00:00:49,640 --> 00:00:52,920 Speaker 1: it is ample and we will try to hold back. 12 00:00:53,760 --> 00:00:58,440 Speaker 1: But no promises, no as per the usual promises at all. 13 00:00:59,240 --> 00:01:01,680 Speaker 1: So we gotta cut bull of quotes to demonstrate kind 14 00:01:01,680 --> 00:01:04,800 Speaker 1: of how big this fish has been throughout history. The 15 00:01:04,840 --> 00:01:09,000 Speaker 1: first is from Don Quixote. He said it must be Friday, 16 00:01:09,040 --> 00:01:11,679 Speaker 1: the day he could not sell anything except servings of 17 00:01:11,720 --> 00:01:15,480 Speaker 1: a fish known in Castile as pollock or an Andalusia 18 00:01:15,880 --> 00:01:21,800 Speaker 1: as salt cod. And here's an anonymous American rhyme, The 19 00:01:21,880 --> 00:01:25,000 Speaker 1: codfish lays a thousand eggs. The holy hendlay is one. 20 00:01:25,400 --> 00:01:28,400 Speaker 1: The codfish never cackles to tell you what she's done. 21 00:01:28,680 --> 00:01:31,560 Speaker 1: And so we scored the codfish while the humble Hendy prize, 22 00:01:31,720 --> 00:01:34,880 Speaker 1: which only goes to show you that it pays to advertise. 23 00:01:35,560 --> 00:01:41,319 Speaker 1: That's wise, and this is a this is a rare occurrence. 24 00:01:41,400 --> 00:01:47,800 Speaker 1: This is a to rhyme a two rhyme intro yes, 25 00:01:47,840 --> 00:01:51,200 Speaker 1: because there's also an Irish folk ballad about cod liver oil. 26 00:01:51,880 --> 00:01:56,080 Speaker 1: Of course there is clearly had okay that the story 27 00:01:56,160 --> 00:01:58,920 Speaker 1: is about a man whose wife is taking just a 28 00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:03,360 Speaker 1: ridiculous amount of cod liver oil medicinally, and it goes 29 00:02:03,920 --> 00:02:06,880 Speaker 1: my house. It resembles a big doctor's shop with bottles 30 00:02:06,880 --> 00:02:09,200 Speaker 1: and bottles from bottom to top. And when in the 31 00:02:09,200 --> 00:02:11,680 Speaker 1: morning the kettles of boil, you'd swear it was singing 32 00:02:11,720 --> 00:02:17,720 Speaker 1: out cod liver oil. Oh, I can only imagine it 33 00:02:17,760 --> 00:02:20,520 Speaker 1: with an Irish accent. Yeah, I decided to not do 34 00:02:20,560 --> 00:02:26,440 Speaker 1: that very wise. That's yeah, completely on board. And big 35 00:02:26,440 --> 00:02:29,880 Speaker 1: epps to Mark Kurlansky's book cod a Biography of the 36 00:02:29,919 --> 00:02:32,880 Speaker 1: Fish that Changed the World, which is probably the second 37 00:02:32,919 --> 00:02:36,400 Speaker 1: reason this episode is happening. I'd say the first reason. 38 00:02:36,440 --> 00:02:38,920 Speaker 1: And then when like you, you said that it was 39 00:02:38,960 --> 00:02:42,240 Speaker 1: a cool book, and I was like kneel before cod. 40 00:02:43,000 --> 00:02:46,720 Speaker 1: I think there's two things together. They fish tailed you, 41 00:02:46,720 --> 00:02:49,920 Speaker 1: you might say, you might say that, And then we 42 00:02:50,120 --> 00:02:55,280 Speaker 1: just riffed on puns for like two minutes, and then 43 00:02:55,360 --> 00:02:59,320 Speaker 1: we decided, yes, we shall do this. Cod save us all, 44 00:02:59,639 --> 00:03:02,440 Speaker 1: God save us all in cod. We trust in cad 45 00:03:02,480 --> 00:03:08,240 Speaker 1: we trust alright, So ponds aside cod? What is it? 46 00:03:08,680 --> 00:03:11,880 Speaker 1: A fish? A fish? It's a few related fish in 47 00:03:11,919 --> 00:03:16,880 Speaker 1: the genus Gaddis or Gaitis. Possibly some closely related fish 48 00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:20,560 Speaker 1: go by other names, like pollock and haddock, and some 49 00:03:20,680 --> 00:03:24,840 Speaker 1: completely unrelated fish also get called CODs. But mostly when 50 00:03:24,840 --> 00:03:28,320 Speaker 1: you're talking about cod, you're talking about two specific species, 51 00:03:28,400 --> 00:03:32,480 Speaker 1: the Pacific cod or Gaitis macrocephalis and Atlantic cod or 52 00:03:32,600 --> 00:03:37,320 Speaker 1: Gaddis more hua. Both can live up to twenty years 53 00:03:37,360 --> 00:03:40,000 Speaker 1: and grow to be about six feet that's two meters 54 00:03:40,040 --> 00:03:45,000 Speaker 1: in length, weighing up to two ten pounds that's about kilos, 55 00:03:45,160 --> 00:03:49,000 Speaker 1: and is not small um. They are typically much younger 56 00:03:49,040 --> 00:03:51,480 Speaker 1: and smaller when they're caught, though usually only about ten 57 00:03:51,520 --> 00:03:54,800 Speaker 1: pounds or five kilos. Both types of these CODs run 58 00:03:54,840 --> 00:03:58,480 Speaker 1: in large schools, catching prey along the bottom of relatively 59 00:03:58,520 --> 00:04:01,600 Speaker 1: shallow waters in the ocean, and they typically eat by 60 00:04:01,800 --> 00:04:06,320 Speaker 1: just opening their mouths and swimming until something tasty just 61 00:04:06,360 --> 00:04:10,800 Speaker 1: falls right in, be it plankton or crab or fish. 62 00:04:10,920 --> 00:04:13,920 Speaker 1: And this is why in in Mary Poppins, um Mary 63 00:04:13,960 --> 00:04:16,680 Speaker 1: says to young Michael when his mouth is a gape, 64 00:04:17,000 --> 00:04:20,080 Speaker 1: closey mouth, Michael, we are not a cod fish. I 65 00:04:20,080 --> 00:04:24,359 Speaker 1: feel like this is my fish spirit animal, just swimming 66 00:04:24,839 --> 00:04:30,599 Speaker 1: mouth agape, hoping, hoping, hoping for the best, but expecting 67 00:04:30,640 --> 00:04:33,919 Speaker 1: the worst. You never know. If your mouth is just open, 68 00:04:33,960 --> 00:04:35,760 Speaker 1: you're swimming in the water, I don't know what's gonna 69 00:04:35,800 --> 00:04:38,120 Speaker 1: end up there. I did read a report of a 70 00:04:38,160 --> 00:04:41,240 Speaker 1: cod that was caught that had a pair of dentures 71 00:04:41,279 --> 00:04:45,960 Speaker 1: stuck in its stomach. That is both sad and oddish. 72 00:04:47,040 --> 00:04:50,839 Speaker 1: I feel bad for laughing, but it's pretty funny. I'm 73 00:04:50,880 --> 00:04:54,599 Speaker 1: sorry for that particular fish. But man, and whose dentures 74 00:04:54,600 --> 00:05:00,440 Speaker 1: were they? And under the sea mystery of history questions 75 00:05:00,480 --> 00:05:05,400 Speaker 1: the important questions only here on food stuff, um in 76 00:05:05,480 --> 00:05:09,679 Speaker 1: case you were also wondering, cod produce millions of eggs 77 00:05:09,839 --> 00:05:12,279 Speaker 1: when they spawn, and they're and they're kind of cute. 78 00:05:12,320 --> 00:05:15,200 Speaker 1: They've got these little blunt noses and these dark speckles, 79 00:05:15,240 --> 00:05:17,760 Speaker 1: and they have this white streak down each side of 80 00:05:17,800 --> 00:05:20,600 Speaker 1: their bodies from head to tail, and a single whisker 81 00:05:20,640 --> 00:05:24,640 Speaker 1: on their chin called a barbell for barbell, Yeah, it's 82 00:05:24,680 --> 00:05:28,000 Speaker 1: like like a little like a little witch's hair. Oh yeah, 83 00:05:28,279 --> 00:05:31,719 Speaker 1: I've gotten one of those in my days, me too. 84 00:05:33,360 --> 00:05:37,640 Speaker 1: True facts there there's are useful. Um. Pacific cod are 85 00:05:37,760 --> 00:05:40,599 Speaker 1: grayish or brownish in color and live in the chili 86 00:05:40,720 --> 00:05:43,920 Speaker 1: coastal regions of the North Pacific Ocean. And Atlantic cod 87 00:05:43,960 --> 00:05:45,600 Speaker 1: can come in lots of colors, from kind of yellow 88 00:05:45,640 --> 00:05:48,760 Speaker 1: green to olive two red to brown or gray, and 89 00:05:48,920 --> 00:05:51,080 Speaker 1: they live in the chilly coastal regions of the North 90 00:05:51,240 --> 00:05:56,720 Speaker 1: Atlantic Ocean. And yeah, this fish, as it turns out, 91 00:05:57,040 --> 00:06:03,760 Speaker 1: was pretty instrumental in the founding of the North American colonies. Yeah. Um, 92 00:06:03,800 --> 00:06:08,159 Speaker 1: a carved pine wood sacred cod has been hanging in 93 00:06:08,200 --> 00:06:14,839 Speaker 1: the Massachusetts State House since and it symbolizes prosperity. We 94 00:06:14,960 --> 00:06:20,920 Speaker 1: all pray to cod for prosperity. One it should be 95 00:06:20,960 --> 00:06:27,159 Speaker 1: a running tally. Oh no, okay. In New England, there's 96 00:06:27,240 --> 00:06:30,039 Speaker 1: a fun story about the difference between the sacred cod, 97 00:06:30,120 --> 00:06:32,920 Speaker 1: which has that white stripe, and the haddock, which has 98 00:06:33,000 --> 00:06:36,480 Speaker 1: a black stripe. To feed the starving masses, Jesus held 99 00:06:36,520 --> 00:06:40,400 Speaker 1: a cod in his hands and made it multiply white stripe. 100 00:06:40,920 --> 00:06:43,200 Speaker 1: Satan tried to do the same thing, but since his 101 00:06:43,400 --> 00:06:46,800 Speaker 1: hands were hot with hell fire, he burned the fish 102 00:06:47,200 --> 00:06:54,120 Speaker 1: hands black stripe. Haddock h Yeah, um, and kind of 103 00:06:54,120 --> 00:06:57,800 Speaker 1: going off of that. In Iceland, cod is the far 104 00:06:57,880 --> 00:07:02,440 Speaker 1: preferred catch when compared to haddock. Yet Icelanders eat more haddock. 105 00:07:02,880 --> 00:07:06,839 Speaker 1: And when asked why, an Icelander said, we don't eat 106 00:07:07,080 --> 00:07:13,560 Speaker 1: money wise words very wise. Yeah, and speaking of eating, uh, 107 00:07:13,680 --> 00:07:17,840 Speaker 1: nutrition wise, cod meat is white, fairly firm and flakes easily. 108 00:07:18,120 --> 00:07:20,440 Speaker 1: It's not very fatty, and the flavor is pretty light, 109 00:07:20,520 --> 00:07:23,800 Speaker 1: not not superfishy. It's really high in protein though, and 110 00:07:23,960 --> 00:07:25,960 Speaker 1: is a good source of a few vitamins and minerals 111 00:07:25,960 --> 00:07:30,080 Speaker 1: like niacin, phosphorus and vitamin B six. And aside from 112 00:07:30,080 --> 00:07:34,000 Speaker 1: cod meat, folks also consume the aforementioned cod liver oil 113 00:07:34,080 --> 00:07:38,360 Speaker 1: as a nutritional supplement. And this is an oil derived 114 00:07:38,360 --> 00:07:41,960 Speaker 1: from you guessed it. It's called cod livers. It's right 115 00:07:42,000 --> 00:07:45,400 Speaker 1: there on the package. Yeah, this stuff does pack a 116 00:07:45,480 --> 00:07:48,520 Speaker 1: nutritional punch. Depending on the particular fish you get it from. 117 00:07:48,560 --> 00:07:50,800 Speaker 1: A single teaspoon can provide you with you are daily 118 00:07:50,840 --> 00:07:54,280 Speaker 1: recommended intake of vitamins A and D, plus some good 119 00:07:54,320 --> 00:07:58,280 Speaker 1: fats those ome omega three fatty acids. It can help 120 00:07:58,400 --> 00:08:00,920 Speaker 1: some folks control their blood press sure and the amount 121 00:08:00,960 --> 00:08:03,920 Speaker 1: of bad fats in their blood. Other uses have not 122 00:08:04,080 --> 00:08:07,280 Speaker 1: been very well proven as of yet, and as with 123 00:08:07,320 --> 00:08:09,800 Speaker 1: any nutritional supplement, you should talk to a doctor if 124 00:08:09,800 --> 00:08:14,120 Speaker 1: you're interested in adding cod liver oil to your diet. Yes, 125 00:08:14,160 --> 00:08:17,840 Speaker 1: because if it isn't abundantly clear, the only degrees we 126 00:08:17,880 --> 00:08:22,760 Speaker 1: have are in puns. I've got a B A in English. 127 00:08:23,080 --> 00:08:26,560 Speaker 1: That's related. Oh goodness, it is man. I studied a 128 00:08:26,560 --> 00:08:29,720 Speaker 1: lot of Shakespeare too, that that was basically just just 129 00:08:29,840 --> 00:08:34,760 Speaker 1: fast track to food stuff. Shakespeare leads. That's the only 130 00:08:34,800 --> 00:08:41,080 Speaker 1: place that leads. I should have known. If we're talking 131 00:08:41,120 --> 00:08:46,000 Speaker 1: about numbers. Around the world and throughout history, you can 132 00:08:46,120 --> 00:08:49,040 Speaker 1: or could find cod prepared in all kinds of ways, 133 00:08:49,360 --> 00:08:52,000 Speaker 1: and it's a fish that waste very little. And Iceland 134 00:08:52,040 --> 00:08:54,840 Speaker 1: you might find cod stomachs stuffed with cod liver and 135 00:08:54,880 --> 00:08:57,760 Speaker 1: then eaten as you would a sausage. The Scottish eat 136 00:08:57,800 --> 00:09:00,880 Speaker 1: this as well, under the name of liver muggy or 137 00:09:01,080 --> 00:09:04,800 Speaker 1: crapping muggy. Just for example, I'm probably butchering that. I'm 138 00:09:04,840 --> 00:09:08,560 Speaker 1: sure it sounds better in Scottish, I hope. So. Yeah, 139 00:09:08,679 --> 00:09:12,679 Speaker 1: cod liver and it's oil has long been considered a delicacy, 140 00:09:12,960 --> 00:09:15,880 Speaker 1: with the latter sometimes used like butter. Oh really yeah 141 00:09:15,920 --> 00:09:20,600 Speaker 1: not just not just medicinally. Also, cod is the original 142 00:09:20,720 --> 00:09:26,160 Speaker 1: and preferred fish to use in fish and chips. Yes, delicious. 143 00:09:26,360 --> 00:09:29,520 Speaker 1: There's also New England cod chowder that was very popular 144 00:09:29,559 --> 00:09:31,440 Speaker 1: for a long time before clam chowder really came on 145 00:09:31,480 --> 00:09:33,720 Speaker 1: the scene. And we'll talk more about why that's not 146 00:09:33,760 --> 00:09:37,079 Speaker 1: a thing very much anymore and just a little while. Yes, um, 147 00:09:37,120 --> 00:09:40,400 Speaker 1: after salmon and canned tuna, cod was the number three 148 00:09:40,600 --> 00:09:46,040 Speaker 1: most eaten fish in the European Union as of and worldwide, 149 00:09:46,040 --> 00:09:50,360 Speaker 1: as the cod market was worth about five point three 150 00:09:50,760 --> 00:09:55,560 Speaker 1: billion dollars. This accounts for the trade of about two 151 00:09:55,559 --> 00:09:59,880 Speaker 1: point six billion pounds or one point to billion key 152 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:05,160 Speaker 1: those a fish. That's stunning. I doing the research on 153 00:10:05,200 --> 00:10:07,880 Speaker 1: this episode. I I'm not sure I've ever had cad 154 00:10:07,920 --> 00:10:13,080 Speaker 1: outside of frozen God, and even then, I'm not sure. 155 00:10:13,720 --> 00:10:16,440 Speaker 1: I am not positive either. I feel like I had 156 00:10:16,480 --> 00:10:18,840 Speaker 1: to live. Yeah I did eat a bunch of fish 157 00:10:18,840 --> 00:10:22,719 Speaker 1: and chips. Yeah I did. As well at one time 158 00:10:22,760 --> 00:10:25,040 Speaker 1: that I was in England. Yeah, and I mean and 159 00:10:25,120 --> 00:10:28,559 Speaker 1: I eat a lot of that here too, to be honest. Yeah, 160 00:10:28,760 --> 00:10:31,920 Speaker 1: it's just hearing the numbers being that big, and when 161 00:10:31,920 --> 00:10:34,839 Speaker 1: we go into the history of cod it'll all make 162 00:10:34,840 --> 00:10:37,760 Speaker 1: more sense why we're kind of pondering about this. I'm 163 00:10:37,800 --> 00:10:40,680 Speaker 1: just I'm kind of shocked that it's still that's still 164 00:10:40,720 --> 00:10:44,440 Speaker 1: such a big thing. Yeah, Well, more on that later. 165 00:10:44,559 --> 00:10:47,440 Speaker 1: For now, let's talk about the word card. Yes, it 166 00:10:47,440 --> 00:10:51,679 Speaker 1: has very mysterious origins and many of the versions of 167 00:10:51,679 --> 00:10:55,439 Speaker 1: where this word come from do have sexual connotations because 168 00:10:55,480 --> 00:10:58,560 Speaker 1: of course, the slang term for codfish and the West 169 00:10:58,600 --> 00:11:03,199 Speaker 1: Indies translates to quote a woman's genitals. Um. It meant 170 00:11:03,240 --> 00:11:06,720 Speaker 1: sort of the opposite in Middle English big bag or sack, 171 00:11:07,000 --> 00:11:10,440 Speaker 1: which then in turn could be used for scrotum. And 172 00:11:10,640 --> 00:11:13,480 Speaker 1: this is where the name for that huge decorative clothing 173 00:11:13,559 --> 00:11:17,560 Speaker 1: piece men wore in the sixteenth century to suggest the awesome, 174 00:11:17,920 --> 00:11:24,000 Speaker 1: enormous beauty of their genitals, the cod piece. And if 175 00:11:24,000 --> 00:11:26,439 Speaker 1: you haven't heard the term cod piece before, this is 176 00:11:26,480 --> 00:11:30,079 Speaker 1: a piece that may either comprise or attached to the 177 00:11:30,160 --> 00:11:32,800 Speaker 1: front crotch of men's stockings, which is what dudes in 178 00:11:32,800 --> 00:11:35,240 Speaker 1: Europe largely wore at that time to cover the lower 179 00:11:35,280 --> 00:11:38,280 Speaker 1: half of their bodies. And although the cod piece was 180 00:11:38,320 --> 00:11:42,880 Speaker 1: originally intended to like modestly conceal men's generals, covering the 181 00:11:42,920 --> 00:11:46,040 Speaker 1: gap left by the the individual legs that stockings were 182 00:11:46,040 --> 00:11:49,040 Speaker 1: made up of, back then, fashion would turn the cod 183 00:11:49,080 --> 00:11:55,760 Speaker 1: piece into this very ornamental, very exaggerated item um I catching, 184 00:11:56,720 --> 00:12:01,000 Speaker 1: you might say. Fancy ones might have been embroidered and bejeweled. 185 00:12:01,440 --> 00:12:05,320 Speaker 1: Suits of armor had these greatly protruding cod pieces to 186 00:12:05,559 --> 00:12:08,760 Speaker 1: send a message about the wearer's virility to his opponents. 187 00:12:11,080 --> 00:12:16,720 Speaker 1: I can't believe we're talking about this on a food show. Sorry, 188 00:12:16,800 --> 00:12:23,400 Speaker 1: and or you're welcome. What an interesting fashion accessory. Samuel 189 00:12:23,480 --> 00:12:28,280 Speaker 1: Johnson's sevent dictionary definition of God had to do with um, 190 00:12:28,320 --> 00:12:32,200 Speaker 1: a husk full of seeds, which maybe later was usurped 191 00:12:32,280 --> 00:12:37,800 Speaker 1: because cod laid so many eggs. So I suppose that 192 00:12:37,880 --> 00:12:41,840 Speaker 1: makes sense. Um. Since the eighteen hundreds, cod has meant 193 00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:45,400 Speaker 1: joke or prank, and both British English and Danish, possibly 194 00:12:45,520 --> 00:12:48,120 Speaker 1: because of those ridiculous cod pieces do you choose to wear? 195 00:12:48,720 --> 00:12:51,480 Speaker 1: And all of this is probably why when Peter Pan 196 00:12:51,640 --> 00:12:54,679 Speaker 1: mocks Captain Hook he uses the term cod fish. I've 197 00:12:54,720 --> 00:12:58,080 Speaker 1: totally forgotten about that. Yeah, it's funny how you don't 198 00:12:58,160 --> 00:13:01,439 Speaker 1: question things. You're just like, yeah, sure, that's an insult. 199 00:13:01,520 --> 00:13:06,280 Speaker 1: That's a funny word exactly. The French word for cod 200 00:13:06,400 --> 00:13:11,680 Speaker 1: at the time also meant prostitute, or it came to 201 00:13:11,679 --> 00:13:14,640 Speaker 1: me in prostitute, and I believe this word is still 202 00:13:14,800 --> 00:13:18,000 Speaker 1: used in France and Quebec to refer to salted cod 203 00:13:18,440 --> 00:13:22,240 Speaker 1: as opposed to fresh cod. Apparently there is no word 204 00:13:22,240 --> 00:13:24,280 Speaker 1: for fresh cod in a handful of European countries, so 205 00:13:24,320 --> 00:13:29,880 Speaker 1: you have to say fresh salt cod. There you go. Sure, 206 00:13:30,360 --> 00:13:34,520 Speaker 1: in Spain, there's a colloquialism of whoever cuts the salt cod, 207 00:13:35,000 --> 00:13:37,600 Speaker 1: meaning the person in charge. This has to do with 208 00:13:37,640 --> 00:13:40,880 Speaker 1: a tale of the King of Fish, the boastful cod, 209 00:13:41,080 --> 00:13:45,080 Speaker 1: who wouldn't shut up until God himself intervened. So that 210 00:13:45,240 --> 00:13:48,760 Speaker 1: is the history of the term cod, kind of a 211 00:13:48,800 --> 00:13:51,320 Speaker 1: little bit of it. And we do have more history 212 00:13:51,360 --> 00:13:53,439 Speaker 1: for you, but first we have a quick break for 213 00:13:53,480 --> 00:14:06,319 Speaker 1: a word from our sponsor, and we're back. Thank you, sponsor, Yes, 214 00:14:06,400 --> 00:14:10,920 Speaker 1: thank you. So we've been mentioning and we said right 215 00:14:10,960 --> 00:14:13,520 Speaker 1: at the top that the cod is a very important 216 00:14:13,520 --> 00:14:16,720 Speaker 1: fish historically very big. You would say, I would say that, 217 00:14:17,160 --> 00:14:23,440 Speaker 1: how big was it? Well, it was this big and 218 00:14:23,680 --> 00:14:27,240 Speaker 1: my arms are all the way out stretched. Yeah, my 219 00:14:27,280 --> 00:14:29,320 Speaker 1: mom used to do that for me with like love 220 00:14:29,920 --> 00:14:36,640 Speaker 1: O love. Yeah, she's very sweet. But we're talking about 221 00:14:36,640 --> 00:14:41,480 Speaker 1: the cod right now. The cod tempted Europeans further into 222 00:14:41,520 --> 00:14:45,120 Speaker 1: the Atlantic for day fishing ships, and before that, Native 223 00:14:45,160 --> 00:14:47,360 Speaker 1: Americans used hooks made out of bone and nets of 224 00:14:47,480 --> 00:14:49,800 Speaker 1: natural fibers to fish for cod along the shores of 225 00:14:49,840 --> 00:14:53,360 Speaker 1: the Atlantic, and originally a lot of European cod fishing 226 00:14:53,680 --> 00:14:58,040 Speaker 1: took place around Iceland, but conflicts, including the first iteration 227 00:14:58,080 --> 00:15:02,080 Speaker 1: of Britain's Icelandic cod war WRS, moved it further and 228 00:15:02,120 --> 00:15:05,040 Speaker 1: further from Europe. Some of the first Europeans to follow 229 00:15:05,080 --> 00:15:08,960 Speaker 1: the cod um to the North American coastal waters were 230 00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:12,320 Speaker 1: the Vikings and the Basque. After catching the fish, it 231 00:15:12,360 --> 00:15:15,640 Speaker 1: was frequently cured with salt or dried. The bask even 232 00:15:15,640 --> 00:15:20,440 Speaker 1: had a folk tail about a cod that could speak. Also, 233 00:15:20,520 --> 00:15:23,520 Speaker 1: there was an ancient Icelandic belief that eating cod heads 234 00:15:23,600 --> 00:15:27,240 Speaker 1: would increase your intelligence, and cod liver oil was probably 235 00:15:27,280 --> 00:15:30,120 Speaker 1: being used topically as a medicine to ease joint pain 236 00:15:30,160 --> 00:15:33,560 Speaker 1: at that time. Vikings may have in fact been able 237 00:15:33,600 --> 00:15:36,320 Speaker 1: to make it to North America because they were so 238 00:15:36,360 --> 00:15:40,480 Speaker 1: good at preserving cod, and Europeans also widely used the 239 00:15:40,480 --> 00:15:46,880 Speaker 1: oil as lamp fuel. Oh, how very useful. Inter Columbus 240 00:15:47,400 --> 00:15:52,240 Speaker 1: not again again, and Cabot um and written descriptions of 241 00:15:52,280 --> 00:15:56,440 Speaker 1: cod as big as men, and and these descriptions also 242 00:15:56,720 --> 00:15:58,960 Speaker 1: said that they were plentiful enough that you could just 243 00:15:59,160 --> 00:16:01,400 Speaker 1: dip a bass get in the water and bring it 244 00:16:01,440 --> 00:16:05,880 Speaker 1: back up with cod. John Cabot claimed newfound Land or 245 00:16:05,960 --> 00:16:09,000 Speaker 1: New Family for the British, where there was not only 246 00:16:09,000 --> 00:16:10,720 Speaker 1: a lot of cod to be had, but the climate 247 00:16:10,800 --> 00:16:13,480 Speaker 1: was very near perfect for curing it. We kind of 248 00:16:13,520 --> 00:16:18,200 Speaker 1: touched on that in our Frozen Foods episode. By fifteen 249 00:16:18,280 --> 00:16:22,400 Speaker 1: fifty six of the fish eating in Europe were cod. 250 00:16:23,200 --> 00:16:26,120 Speaker 1: Demand was high enough that Bartholomew Gosnold went on a 251 00:16:26,160 --> 00:16:30,840 Speaker 1: cod adventure in sixteen two looking for more of this fish. 252 00:16:30,920 --> 00:16:33,840 Speaker 1: And there's a legend his journey was slowed because the 253 00:16:33,920 --> 00:16:38,520 Speaker 1: amount of cod in the ocean slowed him down. Maneuverous 254 00:16:38,600 --> 00:16:42,600 Speaker 1: ship around goodness, and he bequeathed the area he found 255 00:16:43,240 --> 00:16:47,440 Speaker 1: Cape God. And I feel really foolish for never having 256 00:16:48,000 --> 00:16:51,560 Speaker 1: thought of that. I didn't either putting together like, oh 257 00:16:51,640 --> 00:16:53,840 Speaker 1: it's I was just like, oh, cape cod, that's a 258 00:16:53,960 --> 00:16:56,880 Speaker 1: kind of cheddar popcorn. I don't know, I don't know 259 00:16:56,920 --> 00:16:59,520 Speaker 1: what I was thinking. Yeah, I don't know if anyone 260 00:16:59,600 --> 00:17:04,560 Speaker 1: here sides Dylan remembers Arthur the animated show, But they 261 00:17:04,640 --> 00:17:06,000 Speaker 1: used to have this part in the middle where they 262 00:17:06,000 --> 00:17:09,720 Speaker 1: would kind of interview people like live action people, and 263 00:17:09,760 --> 00:17:13,960 Speaker 1: they interviewed the guy behind cape cod chips, And as 264 00:17:13,960 --> 00:17:16,879 Speaker 1: a kid, I just assumed that cod was a lighthouse 265 00:17:17,080 --> 00:17:20,520 Speaker 1: because they had that lighthouse right, And I never questioned 266 00:17:20,520 --> 00:17:23,640 Speaker 1: this assumption until we did the research for this episode 267 00:17:24,320 --> 00:17:28,960 Speaker 1: where we're real sharp yell clearly clearly. Once we get 268 00:17:29,040 --> 00:17:32,320 Speaker 1: to the sixteen hundreds, Um and John Smith churning out 269 00:17:32,320 --> 00:17:35,040 Speaker 1: where the Pilgrims could settle. Several folks were intrigued by 270 00:17:35,080 --> 00:17:39,480 Speaker 1: this cape cod a siren's call for profitable fish, but 271 00:17:39,560 --> 00:17:42,040 Speaker 1: there was one problem. They didn't know the first thing 272 00:17:42,040 --> 00:17:46,160 Speaker 1: about fishing. Case in point in, while British ships were 273 00:17:46,200 --> 00:17:48,560 Speaker 1: making room for all the fish they were catching, the 274 00:17:48,600 --> 00:17:52,400 Speaker 1: Pilgrims were on the brink of starvation and something else 275 00:17:52,440 --> 00:17:55,680 Speaker 1: I read claimed that in sixteen fourteen, John Smith went 276 00:17:55,680 --> 00:17:58,439 Speaker 1: on a trip to chart Massachusetts in Maine and returned 277 00:17:58,440 --> 00:18:02,359 Speaker 1: to Europe with seven thousand cod. The size of this 278 00:18:02,520 --> 00:18:05,320 Speaker 1: catch was all that a lot of European fishers needed 279 00:18:05,560 --> 00:18:07,720 Speaker 1: to take to the seas and follow in his wake 280 00:18:08,200 --> 00:18:12,560 Speaker 1: hundreds of ships. John Smith got rich off of cod. 281 00:18:13,119 --> 00:18:16,679 Speaker 1: According to this, when the Pilgrims finally arrived in North America, 282 00:18:16,720 --> 00:18:19,080 Speaker 1: the Native Americans taught them how to fish for cod 283 00:18:19,600 --> 00:18:23,199 Speaker 1: and how to use the uneaten bits to fertilize the soil. 284 00:18:23,720 --> 00:18:26,480 Speaker 1: As the Pilgrims grew more competent and competent, they began 285 00:18:26,640 --> 00:18:29,480 Speaker 1: setting up fishing stations in New England. And the way 286 00:18:29,560 --> 00:18:33,280 Speaker 1: these worked was two dudes would go out on a doory, 287 00:18:33,680 --> 00:18:36,840 Speaker 1: drop a line into the water, and hand pull the 288 00:18:36,920 --> 00:18:41,159 Speaker 1: fish up. Similarly to the Vikings, cod was typically cured 289 00:18:41,200 --> 00:18:45,600 Speaker 1: after being harvested. Dried cod was about protein and no 290 00:18:45,800 --> 00:18:47,919 Speaker 1: percent fats, so it was kind of seen as um 291 00:18:48,359 --> 00:18:51,760 Speaker 1: how we look at protein bars today. Salted cod last 292 00:18:51,880 --> 00:18:55,040 Speaker 1: day long time to a long time, for that period, 293 00:18:55,320 --> 00:19:01,400 Speaker 1: long enough that some considered it miraculous. And speaking of miraculous, 294 00:19:01,880 --> 00:19:06,080 Speaker 1: the Catholic Church, the Church for bathe the eating of 295 00:19:06,600 --> 00:19:09,760 Speaker 1: hot foods like meat on Fridays or during Lent and 296 00:19:09,760 --> 00:19:11,959 Speaker 1: a handful of other days where you had to abstain 297 00:19:12,040 --> 00:19:14,400 Speaker 1: from sex and other things. End up seeing the eating 298 00:19:14,440 --> 00:19:16,080 Speaker 1: hot foods. But it's not gonna help you with that 299 00:19:16,240 --> 00:19:20,880 Speaker 1: too excitable. Oh sure, that meat is gonna just get 300 00:19:20,880 --> 00:19:24,919 Speaker 1: you ready to go um. But you could eat cold 301 00:19:25,000 --> 00:19:28,159 Speaker 1: foods like say a fish out of the sea, like 302 00:19:28,359 --> 00:19:32,800 Speaker 1: say god. God took on a religious connotation because it's 303 00:19:32,840 --> 00:19:37,280 Speaker 1: what religious folks ate for religious reasons for almost half 304 00:19:37,480 --> 00:19:41,680 Speaker 1: the year. And for more about hot versus cold foods, 305 00:19:42,240 --> 00:19:45,560 Speaker 1: check out our episode on The Four Humors. That's a 306 00:19:46,160 --> 00:19:53,800 Speaker 1: humorously hot or cold, not physically warm or chili, although 307 00:19:53,800 --> 00:19:57,480 Speaker 1: that had something to do with it too. It's complicated. Yes, 308 00:19:57,960 --> 00:20:05,520 Speaker 1: humorously is also probably not the funny definition you're thinking of. No, No, 309 00:20:05,800 --> 00:20:10,040 Speaker 1: it's all about bile. It is and flem and flam 310 00:20:10,040 --> 00:20:13,280 Speaker 1: and flam can be funny. Oh, flegm can be hilarious, 311 00:20:13,359 --> 00:20:16,000 Speaker 1: but that's not what they were going for anyway. Whole 312 00:20:16,040 --> 00:20:18,800 Speaker 1: episode catch you up on that should you want it 313 00:20:19,119 --> 00:20:22,760 Speaker 1: and or need it. But back to cod in sixteen forty, 314 00:20:22,840 --> 00:20:25,720 Speaker 1: the collective Settlements of the mess Chesus bake Connie caught 315 00:20:25,760 --> 00:20:30,080 Speaker 1: and sold three d thousand cod, and the first record 316 00:20:30,160 --> 00:20:33,639 Speaker 1: of modern Western use of cod liver oil by physicians 317 00:20:33,960 --> 00:20:37,159 Speaker 1: comes from a little bit later in sevent nine. It 318 00:20:37,280 --> 00:20:41,040 Speaker 1: was prescribed to both be applied externally and taken internally 319 00:20:41,280 --> 00:20:46,320 Speaker 1: for rheumatism of the joints. Yes, and this is where 320 00:20:46,320 --> 00:20:49,120 Speaker 1: the story of cod gets a little bit tangled up 321 00:20:49,800 --> 00:20:54,440 Speaker 1: and its own lines. But before we get into that, first, 322 00:20:54,440 --> 00:20:56,240 Speaker 1: we're going to take one more quick break for a 323 00:20:56,280 --> 00:21:09,840 Speaker 1: word from our sponsor, and we're back. Thank you, sponsor, Yes, 324 00:21:09,960 --> 00:21:13,040 Speaker 1: thank you. This is the part of the story where 325 00:21:13,119 --> 00:21:18,520 Speaker 1: things start to go awry for the cod. Yes, yes, um. 326 00:21:18,560 --> 00:21:24,560 Speaker 1: And it started with the cod became sort of part 327 00:21:24,600 --> 00:21:28,840 Speaker 1: of its own triangle trade, yes, triangle slave trade. Yes, 328 00:21:29,720 --> 00:21:32,520 Speaker 1: really top of the line. Cod was sold to Europeans 329 00:21:32,600 --> 00:21:36,520 Speaker 1: and colonists in turn would buy stuff like wine from 330 00:21:36,520 --> 00:21:39,760 Speaker 1: those Europeans. Next, the traders would make a stop in 331 00:21:39,800 --> 00:21:43,680 Speaker 1: the Caribbean, where they sold what they called West India Cure, 332 00:21:44,200 --> 00:21:48,119 Speaker 1: a cheap cod product intended to sustain the slave population. 333 00:21:48,680 --> 00:21:52,919 Speaker 1: From the Caribbeans, the traders bought molasses and sugar for 334 00:21:53,000 --> 00:21:55,920 Speaker 1: rummaking for the colonists, and also things like salt tobacco 335 00:21:56,040 --> 00:22:00,560 Speaker 1: and cotton. Eventually this trade grew to encompass slaves as well. 336 00:22:01,359 --> 00:22:04,680 Speaker 1: Salted cod was used to barter for West African slaves. 337 00:22:05,040 --> 00:22:08,800 Speaker 1: Fisherman started to specialize almost exclusively and cod to be 338 00:22:08,920 --> 00:22:12,160 Speaker 1: used for the West India cure meant for slaves. So 339 00:22:12,200 --> 00:22:14,520 Speaker 1: when British slavery was abolished in the West Indies in 340 00:22:14,560 --> 00:22:18,639 Speaker 1: the eighteen forties, the industry almost collapsed, but it would 341 00:22:18,680 --> 00:22:21,720 Speaker 1: not collapse. Cod would also go a long way in 342 00:22:21,840 --> 00:22:25,480 Speaker 1: feeding the Union Army during the Civil War, and cod 343 00:22:25,480 --> 00:22:29,520 Speaker 1: liver oil was increasingly being prescribed for all sorts of ailments, 344 00:22:29,560 --> 00:22:34,920 Speaker 1: from from ricketts to tuberculosis. Wow and um. Here's a 345 00:22:35,040 --> 00:22:38,399 Speaker 1: quote from Moby Dick which was published in EFT one. 346 00:22:38,880 --> 00:22:41,120 Speaker 1: There was a fishy flavor to the milk to which 347 00:22:41,160 --> 00:22:43,359 Speaker 1: I could not at all account for till one morning, 348 00:22:43,400 --> 00:22:45,560 Speaker 1: happening to take a stroll along the beach amongst some 349 00:22:45,600 --> 00:22:49,199 Speaker 1: fisherman's boats, I saw Jose's bridled cow feeding on the 350 00:22:49,240 --> 00:22:51,680 Speaker 1: fish remnants and marching along the sand with each foot 351 00:22:51,720 --> 00:22:55,639 Speaker 1: in a cod's decapitated head, looking very slipshod. I assure 352 00:22:55,680 --> 00:23:00,359 Speaker 1: you so a lot of you are reading it still. Yes, 353 00:23:00,640 --> 00:23:04,679 Speaker 1: in Victorian Times, English biologist T. H. Huxley argued that 354 00:23:04,720 --> 00:23:07,920 Speaker 1: the ocean supply of cod could never be over fished 355 00:23:08,240 --> 00:23:11,960 Speaker 1: because the fish is such an efficient eater and reproducer. 356 00:23:13,000 --> 00:23:16,240 Speaker 1: He was about to be extremely wrong. He was, indeed, 357 00:23:17,080 --> 00:23:20,919 Speaker 1: and during all of this, the industrial revolution was was 358 00:23:20,960 --> 00:23:23,440 Speaker 1: warming up and cod liver oil would be widely used 359 00:23:23,440 --> 00:23:27,160 Speaker 1: in all kinds of industrial applications, would working, soap making, 360 00:23:27,520 --> 00:23:30,919 Speaker 1: leather tanning, all sorts of stuff. Yes, and some fishing 361 00:23:30,920 --> 00:23:33,960 Speaker 1: innovations like steamships in the nineteen hundreds, and draggers and 362 00:23:34,000 --> 00:23:37,000 Speaker 1: gilmets entered the scene in the nineteen twenties and thirties, 363 00:23:37,280 --> 00:23:39,960 Speaker 1: and refrigeration on ships was a real game changer in 364 00:23:41,400 --> 00:23:44,440 Speaker 1: these innovations ratcheted up the cod hall until the nineteen 365 00:23:44,520 --> 00:23:47,760 Speaker 1: fifties and again if you remember a frozen food episode, 366 00:23:47,800 --> 00:23:50,960 Speaker 1: this is around the time people started flash freezing fish, 367 00:23:51,040 --> 00:23:54,800 Speaker 1: which increased its consumer base, and this led to fish 368 00:23:54,800 --> 00:23:57,359 Speaker 1: sticks around the same time, which at the time was 369 00:23:57,480 --> 00:24:02,280 Speaker 1: most likely made of cod. Yeah. These bottom dragging trawlers 370 00:24:02,720 --> 00:24:07,640 Speaker 1: plus steam engines plus refrigeration allowed fisheries to create these 371 00:24:07,680 --> 00:24:10,520 Speaker 1: factory fleets, which were multiple ships that would go out 372 00:24:10,560 --> 00:24:13,399 Speaker 1: on the ocean for weeks on end, catching and processing 373 00:24:13,440 --> 00:24:16,760 Speaker 1: fish right out there on the open waves, even more 374 00:24:16,760 --> 00:24:21,639 Speaker 1: efficiently than bringing everything back home first. Yes, And meanwhile, 375 00:24:21,760 --> 00:24:25,320 Speaker 1: cod liver oil became considered something of this miracle cure 376 00:24:25,440 --> 00:24:30,920 Speaker 1: for malnourishment following the two World Wars. Six tons were 377 00:24:30,920 --> 00:24:34,440 Speaker 1: shipped to continental Europe in ninety six for distribution to 378 00:24:34,640 --> 00:24:38,600 Speaker 1: children post war, and the Bridge government began providing free 379 00:24:38,600 --> 00:24:41,359 Speaker 1: cod liver oil to children under five, women who were 380 00:24:41,359 --> 00:24:44,680 Speaker 1: pregnant or breastfeeding, and adults over forty, in a program 381 00:24:44,840 --> 00:24:50,800 Speaker 1: that would last until nineteen seventy one. Who yeah, that's 382 00:24:50,800 --> 00:24:56,200 Speaker 1: pretty recent. Ye. All of this, the increased demand, the 383 00:24:56,240 --> 00:24:59,840 Speaker 1: more effective fishing techniques led to the nineteen seventy six 384 00:25:00,040 --> 00:25:03,240 Speaker 1: magnusen Act in the US, which prevented fishing by non 385 00:25:03,280 --> 00:25:07,200 Speaker 1: Americans within two hundred miles of the US It had 386 00:25:07,240 --> 00:25:15,000 Speaker 1: an unintended consequence though laws unintended consequence. I've never heard 387 00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:20,040 Speaker 1: of that before. Um, the perhaps overly enthusiastic US fishing industry, 388 00:25:20,440 --> 00:25:25,640 Speaker 1: now without foreign competition, flooded Atlantic waters and over fished 389 00:25:25,720 --> 00:25:28,720 Speaker 1: the heck out of cod. I guess that guy we 390 00:25:28,760 --> 00:25:33,160 Speaker 1: mentioned earlier was way off. Uh, And this meant more regulations, 391 00:25:33,200 --> 00:25:36,040 Speaker 1: a decar and in the number of cod caught. By 392 00:25:36,040 --> 00:25:39,439 Speaker 1: the nineteen eighties, cott had virtually vanished from the waters 393 00:25:39,440 --> 00:25:42,560 Speaker 1: around Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but fisherman thought it was 394 00:25:42,640 --> 00:25:46,720 Speaker 1: just a migratory pattern. When they didn't come back, Canada's 395 00:25:46,720 --> 00:25:49,800 Speaker 1: fishery minister banned the fishing of the northern cod stock 396 00:25:49,840 --> 00:25:55,520 Speaker 1: in thirty thousand fishermen lost their jobs. At one time, 397 00:25:55,520 --> 00:25:57,880 Speaker 1: people used to say you could walk across the Atlantic 398 00:25:57,920 --> 00:26:00,720 Speaker 1: on the backs of the codfish, but out they were 399 00:26:00,720 --> 00:26:03,320 Speaker 1: reduced to less than one per cent of what they 400 00:26:03,359 --> 00:26:07,760 Speaker 1: had once been. The cod population in the waters, though, 401 00:26:07,800 --> 00:26:11,800 Speaker 1: has gradually increased, approaching target levels in George's Bank and 402 00:26:11,840 --> 00:26:15,119 Speaker 1: the Gulf of Maine. Still, these days, CODs uh you 403 00:26:15,160 --> 00:26:18,480 Speaker 1: see on menus is most likely not Atlantic cod, and 404 00:26:18,520 --> 00:26:22,520 Speaker 1: fish sticks are typically made of pollock, not cod, And 405 00:26:22,560 --> 00:26:27,359 Speaker 1: we did focus largely on um Atlantic cod in this 406 00:26:27,400 --> 00:26:30,960 Speaker 1: episode as opposed to Pacific cod. A pacific cod is 407 00:26:31,000 --> 00:26:34,639 Speaker 1: a much less crazy story. I mean, it's sort of like, oh, 408 00:26:34,800 --> 00:26:38,040 Speaker 1: we did the responsible thing with it. Over here, we're 409 00:26:38,040 --> 00:26:40,560 Speaker 1: doing just fine. Like the populations of Pacific cod are 410 00:26:40,760 --> 00:26:47,240 Speaker 1: doing just fine. Right, So that's the tale of the cod. 411 00:26:47,680 --> 00:26:51,800 Speaker 1: It is it is a cod's tail. It was not 412 00:26:51,840 --> 00:26:56,560 Speaker 1: gonna get me. Okay, nope, all right, Annie. Annie is 413 00:26:56,640 --> 00:26:59,919 Speaker 1: keeping track y'all of the number of times that we've 414 00:27:00,160 --> 00:27:03,720 Speaker 1: cracked up and been unable to stop over the course 415 00:27:03,760 --> 00:27:06,959 Speaker 1: of this recording. It's only like an eight page outline, 416 00:27:06,960 --> 00:27:10,560 Speaker 1: And I think you're up to nine now, aren't you. Yeah? Okay, 417 00:27:13,280 --> 00:27:17,320 Speaker 1: we uh, we do what we can we do, and 418 00:27:17,800 --> 00:27:25,200 Speaker 1: what we can do right now is read some So 419 00:27:25,240 --> 00:27:27,919 Speaker 1: I guess you got me after all. I was trying 420 00:27:27,960 --> 00:27:32,080 Speaker 1: so hard old it back. Didn't mean too oh, it 421 00:27:32,200 --> 00:27:38,840 Speaker 1: was just boiling up under the surface anyway. Our first 422 00:27:38,880 --> 00:27:43,960 Speaker 1: letter comes from a Holly who wrote on Facebook. Annie's 423 00:27:43,960 --> 00:27:46,960 Speaker 1: horrific recollections of making cotton candy and a concession stand 424 00:27:47,000 --> 00:27:49,639 Speaker 1: for her high school band brought back similar memories for 425 00:27:49,760 --> 00:27:51,760 Speaker 1: me that to this day make me want to curl 426 00:27:51,840 --> 00:27:54,960 Speaker 1: up in the fetal position. My high school band, students 427 00:27:54,960 --> 00:27:58,280 Speaker 1: and parents worked concessions at a historic minor league baseball 428 00:27:58,280 --> 00:28:02,000 Speaker 1: park for fundraising purposes. We did everything from making popcorn 429 00:28:02,040 --> 00:28:06,240 Speaker 1: and working the counters to handing out promotional advertisement and yes, 430 00:28:06,400 --> 00:28:10,960 Speaker 1: the dreaded cotton candy stand. I can still feel the 431 00:28:11,040 --> 00:28:13,880 Speaker 1: fuff stuck to the back of my arm, glued there 432 00:28:13,880 --> 00:28:18,000 Speaker 1: by the Alabama summer humidity. Everyone fought over the ice 433 00:28:18,040 --> 00:28:19,800 Speaker 1: cream stand because you could eat some out of a 434 00:28:19,880 --> 00:28:22,240 Speaker 1: paper cup if there was no one in line. However, 435 00:28:22,280 --> 00:28:24,639 Speaker 1: you had to convince customers that the Rocky Road flavor 436 00:28:24,760 --> 00:28:27,600 Speaker 1: was not what they wanted because dipping it out it 437 00:28:27,720 --> 00:28:30,399 Speaker 1: was like trying to gouge out the concrete floor with 438 00:28:30,480 --> 00:28:35,400 Speaker 1: a plastic spoon. But the absolute worst, most disgusting job 439 00:28:35,480 --> 00:28:38,840 Speaker 1: happened with the unsold hot dogs during shutdown. After the game, 440 00:28:39,440 --> 00:28:42,720 Speaker 1: any left ever, hot dogs were unwrapped and the bun 441 00:28:42,840 --> 00:28:45,160 Speaker 1: was washed off so that the hot dogs could be 442 00:28:45,200 --> 00:28:48,880 Speaker 1: reheated with fresh buds at the next game. Yes, that's right, 443 00:28:49,320 --> 00:28:52,520 Speaker 1: someone had to be the weenie washer. To this day, 444 00:28:52,640 --> 00:28:54,360 Speaker 1: I will only eat a hot dog if I can 445 00:28:54,440 --> 00:29:02,200 Speaker 1: see it being made fair so fair high school marching band, 446 00:29:02,240 --> 00:29:05,840 Speaker 1: you guys, it was, apparently. I'm glad. I'm glad I 447 00:29:05,880 --> 00:29:10,800 Speaker 1: avoided it wisely by being in your book and spending 448 00:29:10,840 --> 00:29:14,000 Speaker 1: like he didn't have any gutt candy or hot dog nightmares. 449 00:29:14,040 --> 00:29:16,560 Speaker 1: And no, no we didn't. But I did work like 450 00:29:16,640 --> 00:29:20,200 Speaker 1: six hours a day on that that book. Mm hm, 451 00:29:21,000 --> 00:29:24,760 Speaker 1: I bet it turned out beautifully. It was a formative experience. 452 00:29:25,560 --> 00:29:27,680 Speaker 1: There you go. Well, this was a format of experience 453 00:29:27,720 --> 00:29:29,760 Speaker 1: for me as well. I will say I got to 454 00:29:29,800 --> 00:29:31,560 Speaker 1: go to Disney World, which is the whole reason I 455 00:29:31,680 --> 00:29:35,080 Speaker 1: joined Marching Band. So if I had to put up 456 00:29:35,080 --> 00:29:37,920 Speaker 1: with a cotton canning machine, it was worth it and 457 00:29:38,040 --> 00:29:42,800 Speaker 1: say okay, yeah, Audrey wrote, I was listening to your 458 00:29:42,840 --> 00:29:45,160 Speaker 1: podcast on garlic and was laughing my head off at 459 00:29:45,160 --> 00:29:48,560 Speaker 1: how garlic was used very sparingly. You see, my dad 460 00:29:48,600 --> 00:29:51,480 Speaker 1: makes a soup that uses not ten, not fifty, not eighty, 461 00:29:51,520 --> 00:29:55,440 Speaker 1: but one hundred cloves of garlic. Yep, one hundred cloves. 462 00:29:56,160 --> 00:29:59,719 Speaker 1: Then again, we are Korean. This brings me to a 463 00:29:59,720 --> 00:30:02,080 Speaker 1: little story. My dad said he was going to make 464 00:30:02,160 --> 00:30:05,920 Speaker 1: his one garlic clove soup. We as kids, we're going 465 00:30:05,960 --> 00:30:07,760 Speaker 1: to wait for the soup to cook. But my mom 466 00:30:07,800 --> 00:30:11,240 Speaker 1: pulled out a huge bag of garlic bulbs and yep, 467 00:30:11,640 --> 00:30:15,480 Speaker 1: we shelled one hundred cloves of garlic. Actually it's pretty tough. 468 00:30:16,080 --> 00:30:18,080 Speaker 1: Thank you for letting me take you guys down my 469 00:30:18,160 --> 00:30:22,200 Speaker 1: garlic memory lane. That absolutely sounds tough. I get frustrated 470 00:30:22,240 --> 00:30:26,080 Speaker 1: with one. Oh yeah, I mean there's a system. You 471 00:30:26,120 --> 00:30:28,040 Speaker 1: give it a good smack and then you just kind 472 00:30:28,040 --> 00:30:31,040 Speaker 1: of shell it. My system is very different. My mom 473 00:30:31,120 --> 00:30:34,200 Speaker 1: got me a device that just does everything. Oh yeah, 474 00:30:34,480 --> 00:30:36,200 Speaker 1: oh that's that's that's nice too. Yeah. No, no, no, 475 00:30:36,240 --> 00:30:38,080 Speaker 1: you can. You can just like like put the clove 476 00:30:38,120 --> 00:30:39,920 Speaker 1: down on like a cutting board and then um and 477 00:30:39,960 --> 00:30:42,680 Speaker 1: then put the flat of a knife blade on top 478 00:30:42,720 --> 00:30:45,080 Speaker 1: of it and then just just press down real hard 479 00:30:45,120 --> 00:30:47,920 Speaker 1: with your hand and and then it kind of cracks 480 00:30:48,400 --> 00:30:52,080 Speaker 1: um the skin and then you can just shoop. You 481 00:30:52,120 --> 00:30:53,800 Speaker 1: can shoop it. You can just shut it right off. 482 00:30:54,120 --> 00:30:56,520 Speaker 1: I think I'm thinking about mencing. Mencing is such a 483 00:30:56,520 --> 00:30:59,920 Speaker 1: pain because garlic is sticky. Oh yeah, that's terrible. I'd 484 00:31:00,160 --> 00:31:05,400 Speaker 1: learned a mints on carlic. That was a tough time. 485 00:31:05,640 --> 00:31:09,560 Speaker 1: I You know, we all have our our trials and tribulations. 486 00:31:10,400 --> 00:31:13,240 Speaker 1: We do. We had many in this episode. We did, 487 00:31:14,080 --> 00:31:19,600 Speaker 1: but we persevered. We did, we did, and we appreciate 488 00:31:19,640 --> 00:31:24,120 Speaker 1: you sticking with us on this journey. Yes, absolutely, thank 489 00:31:24,160 --> 00:31:27,200 Speaker 1: you so much for for for listening and for writing in. 490 00:31:27,280 --> 00:31:29,800 Speaker 1: If you would like to also write in, you can 491 00:31:29,800 --> 00:31:32,720 Speaker 1: do that. Yes. Our email is food stuff at house 492 00:31:32,760 --> 00:31:35,600 Speaker 1: to forks dot com. We're also on social media. You 493 00:31:35,640 --> 00:31:38,080 Speaker 1: can find us on Twitter, and Facebook at food Stuff 494 00:31:38,200 --> 00:31:42,600 Speaker 1: hs W and on Instagram at food Stuff We hope 495 00:31:42,600 --> 00:31:45,640 Speaker 1: to hear from you. Thank you as always to our 496 00:31:45,680 --> 00:31:49,240 Speaker 1: producer Dylan kay Fagan, who we're going to mike from 497 00:31:49,240 --> 00:31:52,680 Speaker 1: now on because he tells us amazing puns and when 498 00:31:52,720 --> 00:31:55,400 Speaker 1: we can't stop laughing already, Thanks again to you for 499 00:31:55,480 --> 00:31:57,760 Speaker 1: listening and we hope that lots more good things are 500 00:31:57,760 --> 00:32:00,920 Speaker 1: coming your way.