1 00:00:03,200 --> 00:00:06,080 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind from how stuff 2 00:00:06,080 --> 00:00:13,960 Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind. 3 00:00:14,040 --> 00:00:16,880 Speaker 1: My name is Robert Lamb and I'm truly Douglas. And 4 00:00:17,120 --> 00:00:19,159 Speaker 1: the episode that we just put out Tuesday was of 5 00:00:19,200 --> 00:00:22,560 Speaker 1: course on its bowlow where we talked about about the 6 00:00:22,720 --> 00:00:25,800 Speaker 1: virus itself, about how it spreads, about how we can 7 00:00:25,840 --> 00:00:28,960 Speaker 1: attempt to treat it, and how it plays into the 8 00:00:29,000 --> 00:00:33,159 Speaker 1: current sort of global climate bega that global ideas and 9 00:00:33,200 --> 00:00:38,360 Speaker 1: fears and paranoia regarding that particular virus. So in this episode, 10 00:00:38,360 --> 00:00:41,080 Speaker 1: we're going to talk about another closely related topic here, 11 00:00:41,080 --> 00:00:45,360 Speaker 1: and that is quarantine, because that inevitably that's that's a 12 00:00:45,440 --> 00:00:48,000 Speaker 1: lot of what we're talking about when we're talking about it, bou, 13 00:00:48,040 --> 00:00:51,520 Speaker 1: because quarantine is necessary to protect those that are treating 14 00:00:51,520 --> 00:00:53,960 Speaker 1: the illness. Yeah, and also is one of those things 15 00:00:53,960 --> 00:00:58,320 Speaker 1: that kind of plays into the whole Hollywood sensationalized idea 16 00:00:58,400 --> 00:01:01,440 Speaker 1: of what a quarantine is, whether or not you're drawing 17 00:01:01,520 --> 00:01:03,920 Speaker 1: that from your from each you know, when when the 18 00:01:03,920 --> 00:01:07,920 Speaker 1: government comes into like quarantine the house and because it's scary, right, 19 00:01:08,000 --> 00:01:10,759 Speaker 1: people in suits and they've wrapped the house and in 20 00:01:10,800 --> 00:01:13,720 Speaker 1: the in this giant plastic bubble. Yeah, or if you're 21 00:01:13,760 --> 00:01:16,800 Speaker 1: even thinking about the movie Outbreak again, it's the it's 22 00:01:16,840 --> 00:01:19,600 Speaker 1: the men in suits, you know, it's sort of like 23 00:01:19,959 --> 00:01:24,560 Speaker 1: the storm They look like Stormtroopers, except for definitely not 24 00:01:24,600 --> 00:01:27,000 Speaker 1: as you know, hard schoold. Yeah. I mean, on one hand, 25 00:01:27,040 --> 00:01:30,240 Speaker 1: it's it's very much the idea that you have you 26 00:01:30,280 --> 00:01:33,000 Speaker 1: have become something alien because you were infected or may 27 00:01:33,040 --> 00:01:35,840 Speaker 1: have been infected, And I look like something alien now 28 00:01:35,880 --> 00:01:38,320 Speaker 1: because I'm in this dehumanizing suit. Like it's a very 29 00:01:38,360 --> 00:01:41,600 Speaker 1: dehumanizing level to it. And then on another level, and 30 00:01:41,680 --> 00:01:44,800 Speaker 1: we were talking about this an email just the other day, 31 00:01:45,800 --> 00:01:48,440 Speaker 1: there's a dramatic sense to this too. There's the old 32 00:01:48,480 --> 00:01:50,760 Speaker 1: saying you don't bring a cannon on the stage unless 33 00:01:50,760 --> 00:01:54,440 Speaker 1: you're gonna fire it. And I feel, essentially the cases 34 00:01:54,680 --> 00:01:58,880 Speaker 1: you do not introduce quarantine into a TV show, movie, novel, book, 35 00:01:58,880 --> 00:02:03,040 Speaker 1: comic book, et cetera, unless somebody is going to break quarantine. 36 00:02:03,160 --> 00:02:06,880 Speaker 1: So it gives us this kind of skewed fictional idea 37 00:02:06,920 --> 00:02:10,640 Speaker 1: about what quarantine is, how quarantine works, to what degree 38 00:02:10,760 --> 00:02:13,560 Speaker 1: quarantine is effective or or is ineffective. I mean, we 39 00:02:13,600 --> 00:02:16,959 Speaker 1: just have a very unreal vision of what it is. Yeah, 40 00:02:17,000 --> 00:02:20,320 Speaker 1: And I was also thinking about Dr Alan Jamison. He 41 00:02:20,600 --> 00:02:24,040 Speaker 1: is a retired doctor who was working with Medical Teams 42 00:02:24,040 --> 00:02:27,600 Speaker 1: International to treat ebola patients, and he recently returned home 43 00:02:27,639 --> 00:02:30,960 Speaker 1: to Tennessee in the United States, and he quarantined himself. 44 00:02:31,880 --> 00:02:34,000 Speaker 1: I think he did this not because he had any 45 00:02:34,040 --> 00:02:37,959 Speaker 1: symptoms of ebola, but I think he understood that this 46 00:02:38,000 --> 00:02:43,120 Speaker 1: topic right now is so supercharged and so emotionally just 47 00:02:43,360 --> 00:02:45,520 Speaker 1: laden with fire works, with people getting angry. That he 48 00:02:45,600 --> 00:02:48,160 Speaker 1: was like, whoa, whoa, guys, before you start, you know, 49 00:02:48,800 --> 00:02:53,680 Speaker 1: congregating around my house, which works and fire I'm just 50 00:02:53,680 --> 00:02:56,320 Speaker 1: gonna I'm gonna lay low twenty one days, just to 51 00:02:56,360 --> 00:02:59,639 Speaker 1: make sure, so don't anybody get crazy. So I thought 52 00:02:59,680 --> 00:03:01,920 Speaker 1: that was a smart move on his part, because he 53 00:03:02,080 --> 00:03:06,000 Speaker 1: is isolating himself. His family's dropping off food on his porch. 54 00:03:06,120 --> 00:03:08,840 Speaker 1: It's a great excuse to to get out of social commitments, 55 00:03:09,200 --> 00:03:11,160 Speaker 1: you know. And so I'd love to go to that 56 00:03:11,200 --> 00:03:13,840 Speaker 1: baby shower, but I just got back. I really am. 57 00:03:14,520 --> 00:03:16,840 Speaker 1: I'm not sick, there's nothing wrong with me, but just 58 00:03:16,880 --> 00:03:19,840 Speaker 1: to be on the safe side, I can't go. I'm 59 00:03:19,840 --> 00:03:23,040 Speaker 1: going to quarantine myself. Yeah, yeah, I'm gonna The next 60 00:03:23,040 --> 00:03:25,560 Speaker 1: time I get an evite for a baby shower. I'm 61 00:03:25,600 --> 00:03:28,440 Speaker 1: gonna put that in my no reply. Sorry. In quarantine 62 00:03:28,480 --> 00:03:32,760 Speaker 1: self quarantine, sorry, So why would you quarantine someone or 63 00:03:32,800 --> 00:03:36,960 Speaker 1: why would a community quarantine itself? Um, Viral strains like 64 00:03:37,000 --> 00:03:41,360 Speaker 1: tuberculosis might be a reason. Bioterrorism has been thrown around 65 00:03:41,400 --> 00:03:43,760 Speaker 1: as well, the idea that you might use one of 66 00:03:43,760 --> 00:03:47,480 Speaker 1: these viral strains in warfare and try to contain it. Yeah, 67 00:03:47,520 --> 00:03:50,120 Speaker 1: I mean, and in this at this level of the scenario, 68 00:03:50,240 --> 00:03:52,400 Speaker 1: it plays that exactly like it does in the movies. 69 00:03:52,640 --> 00:03:58,480 Speaker 1: There's something there's something either unknown that is potentially communicable 70 00:03:58,680 --> 00:04:01,160 Speaker 1: or or it is very much danger. It can something 71 00:04:01,200 --> 00:04:06,000 Speaker 1: that can spread and potentially become a major outbreak. So 72 00:04:06,080 --> 00:04:08,000 Speaker 1: you want to contain it. You want to keep it 73 00:04:08,040 --> 00:04:14,640 Speaker 1: from jumping to new individuals. And when we talk about outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, 74 00:04:14,720 --> 00:04:17,200 Speaker 1: let's give a little bit more definition to that. Um. 75 00:04:17,200 --> 00:04:20,840 Speaker 1: This is actually from web MD. Uh. They say that 76 00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:23,760 Speaker 1: with an outbreak, we're talking about a disease outbreak that 77 00:04:23,839 --> 00:04:27,440 Speaker 1: happens when a disease occurs in greater numbers than expected 78 00:04:27,480 --> 00:04:30,640 Speaker 1: in a community or region during a season. So the 79 00:04:30,680 --> 00:04:33,240 Speaker 1: flu would be a good example of this. Yeah, and 80 00:04:33,240 --> 00:04:35,880 Speaker 1: then an epidemic. And epidemic is when an infectious disease 81 00:04:35,920 --> 00:04:38,680 Speaker 1: spreads rapidly too many more people. And this may be 82 00:04:39,120 --> 00:04:41,839 Speaker 1: just within the same region, it may involve several countries 83 00:04:41,960 --> 00:04:44,800 Speaker 1: that it's it can it can, it can vary in 84 00:04:44,880 --> 00:04:47,919 Speaker 1: size and still be an epidemic. And then finally you 85 00:04:47,960 --> 00:04:51,400 Speaker 1: have the idea of the pandemic. And in a pandemic, 86 00:04:51,400 --> 00:04:54,800 Speaker 1: you're dealing with a global situation. And in examples of 87 00:04:54,839 --> 00:04:59,360 Speaker 1: this would be AIDS, HIV and various strains of influenza. Yeah, 88 00:04:59,360 --> 00:05:01,479 Speaker 1: and just to go by to epidemic Stars is a 89 00:05:01,520 --> 00:05:03,920 Speaker 1: good example that. Yeah. So I like to think of 90 00:05:03,960 --> 00:05:06,600 Speaker 1: these also in terms of of Beatlemania, right, I mean, 91 00:05:06,640 --> 00:05:10,839 Speaker 1: you have a very regional outbreak of enthusiasm over a 92 00:05:10,839 --> 00:05:14,240 Speaker 1: particular musical act, and then it it grows and it 93 00:05:14,279 --> 00:05:17,120 Speaker 1: becomes popular in other areas and it eventually reaches a 94 00:05:17,200 --> 00:05:21,440 Speaker 1: point at which it's a global phenomenon. Okay, And it's 95 00:05:21,440 --> 00:05:23,599 Speaker 1: the same thing with any kind and essentially it's just 96 00:05:23,680 --> 00:05:25,880 Speaker 1: a this in this case is a viral idea of 97 00:05:26,040 --> 00:05:32,760 Speaker 1: viral taste. Music as virus um celebrity as virus that spreads. 98 00:05:32,760 --> 00:05:34,920 Speaker 1: But but of course it's based on. That idea is 99 00:05:34,960 --> 00:05:38,400 Speaker 1: based on a very real model of how infectious agents 100 00:05:38,400 --> 00:05:42,840 Speaker 1: spread through a species, right Beatles music spreading throughout a community. 101 00:05:43,040 --> 00:05:45,560 Speaker 1: The world great, but not so much with with the 102 00:05:45,640 --> 00:05:48,760 Speaker 1: virus UM. Now we could go like, I don't know 103 00:05:48,839 --> 00:05:52,000 Speaker 1: for days about the history of quarantines, because it's a 104 00:05:52,080 --> 00:05:56,680 Speaker 1: really rich history. Imagine every single country has has um, 105 00:05:56,720 --> 00:05:59,159 Speaker 1: you know, some sort of protocol in place or history 106 00:05:59,160 --> 00:06:02,359 Speaker 1: with quarantine. So we won't go way deep in there, 107 00:06:02,480 --> 00:06:05,880 Speaker 1: but just to give everybody an idea of the practice 108 00:06:05,960 --> 00:06:10,640 Speaker 1: of quarantining in earnest This began in the fourteenth century 109 00:06:10,800 --> 00:06:14,640 Speaker 1: and according to the Centers for Disease Control, what was 110 00:06:14,760 --> 00:06:17,560 Speaker 1: happening is that there was this effort to protect coastal 111 00:06:17,640 --> 00:06:22,040 Speaker 1: cities from plague epidemics. So ships arriving in Venice, which 112 00:06:22,040 --> 00:06:23,719 Speaker 1: would have been the seat of power at that time, 113 00:06:24,160 --> 00:06:27,440 Speaker 1: from infected ports, were required to sit at anchor for 114 00:06:27,440 --> 00:06:31,560 Speaker 1: forty days before landing. This practice, called quarantine, was derived 115 00:06:31,560 --> 00:06:38,000 Speaker 1: from the Italian words quaranta. Quaranta means forty and journey 116 00:06:38,080 --> 00:06:40,880 Speaker 1: means days. So that's how we got the term in 117 00:06:40,920 --> 00:06:44,960 Speaker 1: the first place. During that same time, UM, since you know, 118 00:06:45,000 --> 00:06:47,440 Speaker 1: the plague was a fact of life for hundreds of 119 00:06:47,560 --> 00:06:50,839 Speaker 1: years in Europe and UM, in Asia and the Middle East, 120 00:06:51,920 --> 00:06:58,039 Speaker 1: finding sick people and quarantine quarantine them was actually a job. Yeah, 121 00:06:58,880 --> 00:07:03,240 Speaker 1: and uh, what happened is that not many people really 122 00:07:03,279 --> 00:07:06,000 Speaker 1: wanted to volunteer for it. So what you would have 123 00:07:06,200 --> 00:07:11,120 Speaker 1: is usually older women without any other means of income, 124 00:07:11,600 --> 00:07:16,720 Speaker 1: who would search dead bodies or really sick people and um, 125 00:07:16,960 --> 00:07:20,120 Speaker 1: they would look for these plague victims and then they 126 00:07:20,120 --> 00:07:23,120 Speaker 1: would announce to local officials where they had found them 127 00:07:23,160 --> 00:07:25,680 Speaker 1: in the families, and they get a few pence for 128 00:07:25,760 --> 00:07:28,160 Speaker 1: each body, or for turning in a family that was 129 00:07:28,200 --> 00:07:30,880 Speaker 1: harboring one of the bodies. Yeah, it's and this is 130 00:07:30,880 --> 00:07:34,720 Speaker 1: interesting to note because it's easy to forget, especially looking 131 00:07:34,720 --> 00:07:37,400 Speaker 1: at the Western and the United States model of quarantine. 132 00:07:37,760 --> 00:07:40,400 Speaker 1: The quarantine is largely self reporting. It's more of an 133 00:07:40,400 --> 00:07:42,920 Speaker 1: honor system. I just came from somewhere. I think I 134 00:07:43,000 --> 00:07:46,840 Speaker 1: might be sick. Yes, quarantine me because I want treatment 135 00:07:46,840 --> 00:07:50,080 Speaker 1: if there's something wrong with me, and maybe a distant second, 136 00:07:50,080 --> 00:07:51,840 Speaker 1: I don't want to get anyone else sick either. But 137 00:07:52,240 --> 00:07:54,680 Speaker 1: essentially there's gonna there's gonna be some self interest there. 138 00:07:54,880 --> 00:07:56,840 Speaker 1: You go back to this older model and there is 139 00:07:56,880 --> 00:07:59,200 Speaker 1: more of a sense of please don't board me up 140 00:07:59,240 --> 00:08:02,520 Speaker 1: in my house. Uh, let me be sick on my 141 00:08:02,560 --> 00:08:05,680 Speaker 1: own land or die in peace. And and one of 142 00:08:05,680 --> 00:08:08,960 Speaker 1: the problems is that you you see, uh, there's a 143 00:08:09,000 --> 00:08:12,239 Speaker 1: lot of space between those two attitudes, and you find 144 00:08:12,320 --> 00:08:15,680 Speaker 1: various points on that on that line elsewhere in the 145 00:08:15,680 --> 00:08:18,200 Speaker 1: world right now, as we discussed in our Bola episode, 146 00:08:18,480 --> 00:08:20,680 Speaker 1: one of the problems that you have, you have locals 147 00:08:20,720 --> 00:08:23,360 Speaker 1: who are going to be distrustive of outsiders who are 148 00:08:23,360 --> 00:08:25,280 Speaker 1: coming in and saying, hey, let me treat you. Let 149 00:08:25,480 --> 00:08:27,840 Speaker 1: why don't you come into our tent and let us 150 00:08:28,000 --> 00:08:30,480 Speaker 1: treat you for your problems, and then telling you how 151 00:08:30,520 --> 00:08:33,920 Speaker 1: to care for your dad, etcetera. Yeah, And then I 152 00:08:33,960 --> 00:08:36,160 Speaker 1: think this example is like a really good sort of 153 00:08:36,200 --> 00:08:39,080 Speaker 1: like how people might get paranoid because again they're trying 154 00:08:39,080 --> 00:08:41,520 Speaker 1: to hold onto their family. And so you've got this person, 155 00:08:41,640 --> 00:08:44,040 Speaker 1: this this older lady going around. She's the plague hunter, 156 00:08:44,760 --> 00:08:46,400 Speaker 1: and you don't want her stopping by her home. But 157 00:08:46,440 --> 00:08:48,760 Speaker 1: at the same time, this was a way to try 158 00:08:48,800 --> 00:08:52,200 Speaker 1: to prevent further transmission. So you see our our modern 159 00:08:52,480 --> 00:08:56,280 Speaker 1: quarantine practices, especially here in the state's kind of evolved 160 00:08:56,280 --> 00:09:01,960 Speaker 1: over time. And in between state and local authorities UM made. 161 00:09:02,080 --> 00:09:05,920 Speaker 1: They made the sporadic attempts to impose quarantine requirements over time, 162 00:09:06,280 --> 00:09:08,360 Speaker 1: generally in response to what's going on in the world 163 00:09:08,400 --> 00:09:11,520 Speaker 1: and what's coming in and crossing the border. UM. Continued 164 00:09:11,559 --> 00:09:15,320 Speaker 1: outbreaks of yellow fever finally prompted Congress to pass federal 165 00:09:15,360 --> 00:09:20,360 Speaker 1: quarantine legislation in eighteen seventy eight. UM outbreaks of cholera 166 00:09:20,480 --> 00:09:24,280 Speaker 1: from passengerships arriving from Europe forced US some reinterpretations of 167 00:09:24,320 --> 00:09:27,400 Speaker 1: this law in e and this provided the federal government 168 00:09:27,400 --> 00:09:31,840 Speaker 1: with more authority in imposing those quarantine requirements, so much 169 00:09:31,880 --> 00:09:36,600 Speaker 1: so that during World War One, thirty thousand prostitutes were 170 00:09:37,360 --> 00:09:41,880 Speaker 1: rounded up. UM. Not because they were, you know, dealing 171 00:09:41,880 --> 00:09:45,640 Speaker 1: in prostitution. UM, it was because they were known to 172 00:09:45,679 --> 00:09:48,120 Speaker 1: be hookers. In the United States wanted their soldiers to 173 00:09:48,160 --> 00:09:53,280 Speaker 1: be venearial disease free. Oh good luck with that, Yeah, 174 00:09:53,400 --> 00:09:56,800 Speaker 1: all right, exactly. Uh So that again wasn't an attempt 175 00:09:56,800 --> 00:09:59,920 Speaker 1: to try to uh, you know, quash any sort of 176 00:10:00,040 --> 00:10:04,040 Speaker 1: transmission here. Then, moving a little a little further on 177 00:10:04,040 --> 00:10:07,920 Speaker 1: the timeline, Public Health Service Act of nineteen four established 178 00:10:07,920 --> 00:10:10,320 Speaker 1: the federal government's quarantine authority for the first time, and 179 00:10:10,360 --> 00:10:14,520 Speaker 1: this act gave US Public Health Service responsibility for preventing 180 00:10:14,600 --> 00:10:19,319 Speaker 1: the introduction, transmission, and spread of communal diseases from foreign 181 00:10:19,400 --> 00:10:22,719 Speaker 1: countries into the United States. Now this is now originally 182 00:10:22,800 --> 00:10:26,640 Speaker 1: part of the Treasury Department Quarantine and Public Health Service 183 00:10:26,679 --> 00:10:30,360 Speaker 1: or phs UM. The parent organization became part of the 184 00:10:30,440 --> 00:10:33,800 Speaker 1: Federal Security Agency in nineteen thirty nine, and in nineteen 185 00:10:34,360 --> 00:10:36,960 Speaker 1: PHS and Quarantine joined the Department of Health, Education, and 186 00:10:37,000 --> 00:10:40,160 Speaker 1: Welfare UH and the quarantine was then transferred to the 187 00:10:40,200 --> 00:10:42,720 Speaker 1: agency that we now know as the Centers for Disease 188 00:10:42,760 --> 00:10:46,679 Speaker 1: Control and Prevention in sixty seven, and the VDC remained 189 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:50,320 Speaker 1: a part of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare 190 00:10:50,400 --> 00:10:53,880 Speaker 1: until nineteen eighty, when the department was reorganized into the 191 00:10:53,920 --> 00:10:57,320 Speaker 1: Department of Health and Human Services. And so today the 192 00:10:57,320 --> 00:11:01,559 Speaker 1: Division of Global Migration and Wuarantine is part of CDC's 193 00:11:01,640 --> 00:11:06,079 Speaker 1: National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases and it's 194 00:11:06,080 --> 00:11:08,719 Speaker 1: headquartered right here in Atlanta. That's right. And just uh, 195 00:11:09,080 --> 00:11:12,240 Speaker 1: you know, a reminder of zoonotic um is just referring 196 00:11:12,280 --> 00:11:16,480 Speaker 1: to diseases that are transferred between animals and humans, Alright, 197 00:11:16,559 --> 00:11:20,480 Speaker 1: So when can the government quarantine its own citizens. Well, 198 00:11:20,600 --> 00:11:24,599 Speaker 1: here in the US, under forty two Code of Federal Regulations, 199 00:11:24,679 --> 00:11:29,080 Speaker 1: Parts seventy and seventy one, the CDC is authorized to detain, 200 00:11:29,520 --> 00:11:32,719 Speaker 1: medically examined and released persons arriving into the US and 201 00:11:32,760 --> 00:11:37,520 Speaker 1: traveling between states who are suspected of carrying a communicable disease. 202 00:11:38,160 --> 00:11:41,440 Speaker 1: And there's there's quite a list of these. Yeah. The 203 00:11:41,480 --> 00:11:47,080 Speaker 1: list includes diphtheria, infectious tuberculosis, yellow fever, hemorrhagic fevers, stars, 204 00:11:47,280 --> 00:11:53,120 Speaker 1: and any kind of new strain of influenza with pandemic potential. Yeah. 205 00:11:53,120 --> 00:11:56,760 Speaker 1: And the last large scale isolation and quarantine was last 206 00:11:56,920 --> 00:12:01,600 Speaker 1: enforced during the influenza pandemic in ninety eighteen, nineteen nineteen. 207 00:12:01,640 --> 00:12:04,800 Speaker 1: That's also known as the Spanish Blue Yeah, and that 208 00:12:04,880 --> 00:12:09,000 Speaker 1: really underscores again what we said about quarantining becoming more 209 00:12:09,040 --> 00:12:12,240 Speaker 1: of an honor system situation here in the United States, 210 00:12:13,440 --> 00:12:19,160 Speaker 1: because beyond that that situation, the only other account that 211 00:12:19,200 --> 00:12:22,240 Speaker 1: we have is that the CDC issued an order in 212 00:12:22,559 --> 00:12:25,200 Speaker 1: in nineteen sixty three to quarantine a single woman for 213 00:12:25,280 --> 00:12:29,200 Speaker 1: smallpox exposure. So yeah, it's largely an artos system at 214 00:12:29,200 --> 00:12:32,600 Speaker 1: this point. That the CDC is not running around pulling 215 00:12:33,600 --> 00:12:37,400 Speaker 1: et shenanigans on anyone and wrapping houses and holding people 216 00:12:37,440 --> 00:12:40,000 Speaker 1: against their will. No, And I think the last sort 217 00:12:40,040 --> 00:12:43,439 Speaker 1: of kerfuffle about this happened in two thousand and seven 218 00:12:43,440 --> 00:12:48,720 Speaker 1: when Andrew Speaker, Atlanta native, was placed under federal quarantine 219 00:12:49,920 --> 00:12:54,760 Speaker 1: because officials learned that with tuberculosis. He had boarded two 220 00:12:54,960 --> 00:12:58,839 Speaker 1: trans atlantic flights because he was he had a destination 221 00:12:58,880 --> 00:13:02,320 Speaker 1: wedding and he knew he had tuberculosis. But well, you know, 222 00:13:02,360 --> 00:13:05,080 Speaker 1: when you got a wedding, I forgot about this case. Yeah. Yeah, 223 00:13:05,120 --> 00:13:08,600 Speaker 1: people were pretty upset about it. Um, so you know, 224 00:13:08,640 --> 00:13:12,480 Speaker 1: and he apologized and he said he didn't realize what 225 00:13:12,559 --> 00:13:14,720 Speaker 1: a bad idea that was. Well, you can get a 226 00:13:14,720 --> 00:13:19,520 Speaker 1: card for that now the Hallmark, I'm sorry, I potentially exposed. Yeah, 227 00:13:19,559 --> 00:13:24,400 Speaker 1: they're they're so funny too. I love those illustrations. Um. 228 00:13:24,400 --> 00:13:27,160 Speaker 1: But yeah, you know, officials found out they detained him 229 00:13:27,200 --> 00:13:31,679 Speaker 1: in Montreal. Um, Now, if you were to break a quarantine, 230 00:13:32,160 --> 00:13:34,200 Speaker 1: if you were put under if he had from the 231 00:13:34,200 --> 00:13:36,800 Speaker 1: get go, then put under quarantine and he broke it, 232 00:13:36,920 --> 00:13:40,440 Speaker 1: that would be a criminal misdemeanor. And in two thousand 233 00:13:40,520 --> 00:13:43,079 Speaker 1: and nine, a twenty seven year old man in Arizona 234 00:13:43,160 --> 00:13:47,880 Speaker 1: diagnosed with the same thing touberculosis, was then quarantine and 235 00:13:47,960 --> 00:13:51,880 Speaker 1: prison hospital ward for ten months because he knew he 236 00:13:51,960 --> 00:13:54,920 Speaker 1: had it, he failed to take his medicine, and he 237 00:13:55,040 --> 00:13:58,839 Speaker 1: endangered others by going out and entertaining friends without wearing 238 00:13:58,840 --> 00:14:02,840 Speaker 1: a mask. So again, as you say, this is not 239 00:14:03,000 --> 00:14:05,000 Speaker 1: like people are going to enter your house and a 240 00:14:05,000 --> 00:14:09,400 Speaker 1: has matt suit. Largely it's self reporting. Now, these laws 241 00:14:09,440 --> 00:14:11,520 Speaker 1: can vary from states to state, and they can be 242 00:14:11,520 --> 00:14:15,079 Speaker 1: really specific or abroad. Um. In some states, local health 243 00:14:15,120 --> 00:14:19,000 Speaker 1: authorities implements state law, and tribes also have police power 244 00:14:19,080 --> 00:14:22,320 Speaker 1: authority to take actions that would promote the health and 245 00:14:22,360 --> 00:14:25,560 Speaker 1: well being of fair community. So, yes, there's a federal 246 00:14:25,640 --> 00:14:27,800 Speaker 1: level to it, but there is very much a state 247 00:14:27,880 --> 00:14:31,720 Speaker 1: level to it. Again giving you this idea that probably 248 00:14:31,760 --> 00:14:33,520 Speaker 1: the has matt suit people are not going to show 249 00:14:33,640 --> 00:14:37,880 Speaker 1: up just because the government is going to lock everybody down. 250 00:14:38,440 --> 00:14:42,560 Speaker 1: So what happens when medical professionals suit up, Well, we've 251 00:14:42,560 --> 00:14:46,520 Speaker 1: had some insight into that lately with the Ebola outbreak 252 00:14:46,800 --> 00:14:51,400 Speaker 1: and um, if you look at Dr William Fisher's interview 253 00:14:51,440 --> 00:14:54,680 Speaker 1: with Time magazine, he shows what it's like suiting up 254 00:14:54,680 --> 00:14:59,600 Speaker 1: in the field. He has helped and guinea, And what 255 00:14:59,720 --> 00:15:02,040 Speaker 1: he's saying is that, again you want to minimize your 256 00:15:02,040 --> 00:15:06,440 Speaker 1: exposure to blood, to vomit, to diarrhea, to any other fluids. 257 00:15:06,520 --> 00:15:11,160 Speaker 1: So they are all required to wear personal protection equipment, 258 00:15:11,280 --> 00:15:14,320 Speaker 1: which starts with a base layer of scrubs that you 259 00:15:14,400 --> 00:15:17,760 Speaker 1: then put a big thick layer of boots on, and 260 00:15:17,760 --> 00:15:19,960 Speaker 1: we're talking like the wash kind of boots that go 261 00:15:20,040 --> 00:15:23,880 Speaker 1: up to your knees. Then they put on an impermeable 262 00:15:24,000 --> 00:15:27,760 Speaker 1: tai BAC suit that is incredibly hot, right, because again 263 00:15:27,800 --> 00:15:30,960 Speaker 1: this is trying to minimize that the any sort of 264 00:15:31,040 --> 00:15:35,280 Speaker 1: air flow that might come in trapping your own stinky 265 00:15:35,440 --> 00:15:39,640 Speaker 1: fetid smell, right, And then you have two pairs of gloves. 266 00:15:40,040 --> 00:15:43,400 Speaker 1: Then you place the impermeable hood over your head, neck 267 00:15:43,440 --> 00:15:46,720 Speaker 1: and shoulders, a respirator covering your nose and mouth, and 268 00:15:46,720 --> 00:15:50,440 Speaker 1: finally goggles. Everything is sealed. There is no speck of 269 00:15:50,480 --> 00:15:56,080 Speaker 1: skin that is visible. So it's basically a full body prophylactic. Yeah, 270 00:15:56,200 --> 00:15:58,320 Speaker 1: and I've seen it flippantly referred to as a as 271 00:15:58,360 --> 00:16:00,280 Speaker 1: a space suit as well, which isn't really like that 272 00:16:00,360 --> 00:16:03,080 Speaker 1: bar off the mark. You're essentially throwing up as many 273 00:16:03,080 --> 00:16:06,360 Speaker 1: barriers as possible between you and the pathogen. Yeah. Also 274 00:16:06,520 --> 00:16:08,600 Speaker 1: I read I don't know if this was from the 275 00:16:08,640 --> 00:16:12,280 Speaker 1: Ion nine article about all the the odd quarantine things, 276 00:16:12,360 --> 00:16:14,400 Speaker 1: but read somewhere. No, it was actually in the Time 277 00:16:14,400 --> 00:16:18,920 Speaker 1: magazine that uh, the astronauts from the moon landing the 278 00:16:18,960 --> 00:16:22,120 Speaker 1: person that they when they came back, they were quarantined. 279 00:16:22,600 --> 00:16:25,360 Speaker 1: And I guess that's sort of like, well, you never know. Well, yeah, 280 00:16:25,360 --> 00:16:29,520 Speaker 1: I mean at the time, what else are you gonna do? Uh. 281 00:16:29,800 --> 00:16:32,320 Speaker 1: One of the important things and will continue to bear 282 00:16:32,400 --> 00:16:35,240 Speaker 1: this out to give in mind, is that the quarantine 283 00:16:35,600 --> 00:16:38,280 Speaker 1: and uh and and has mat and just the effective 284 00:16:38,320 --> 00:16:43,080 Speaker 1: handling of these situations. It's not it's not just about oh, 285 00:16:43,120 --> 00:16:45,160 Speaker 1: here's the suit. It's not just about here is the 286 00:16:45,760 --> 00:16:48,760 Speaker 1: room and here's what's in the room. It's about, Okay, 287 00:16:48,800 --> 00:16:51,040 Speaker 1: who's who's cleaning the suits, how are the suits handled 288 00:16:51,080 --> 00:16:54,080 Speaker 1: after they're used, how are they provided, who's uh, who's 289 00:16:54,200 --> 00:16:57,240 Speaker 1: who's managing the people that are cleaning it, what's you know, 290 00:16:57,280 --> 00:17:00,480 Speaker 1: the various training regimes that are involved in and how 291 00:17:00,520 --> 00:17:03,520 Speaker 1: the the the equipment is handled, and just the overall 292 00:17:03,560 --> 00:17:07,439 Speaker 1: sanitation and management of the whole process. And so there 293 00:17:07,440 --> 00:17:09,879 Speaker 1: are a lot of moving parts there that have to 294 00:17:09,960 --> 00:17:13,520 Speaker 1: be they have to be in working order for a 295 00:17:13,600 --> 00:17:17,120 Speaker 1: proper quarantine situation to take place. Yeah, and we'll look 296 00:17:17,119 --> 00:17:18,640 Speaker 1: at that a little bit closer here when we talk 297 00:17:18,640 --> 00:17:22,280 Speaker 1: about transporting someone who has a deadly virus. But I 298 00:17:22,280 --> 00:17:25,440 Speaker 1: wanted to mention that at airports, and particularly right now, 299 00:17:25,480 --> 00:17:29,879 Speaker 1: this is very active. CDC operates quarantine stations across the 300 00:17:29,960 --> 00:17:34,000 Speaker 1: US and the airports and um officers are trained to 301 00:17:34,040 --> 00:17:38,080 Speaker 1: spot symptoms of a virus, in this case, ebola, and 302 00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:40,520 Speaker 1: anyone who departs from a flight from an affected country 303 00:17:40,520 --> 00:17:43,840 Speaker 1: and appears to have symptoms would be tested and if 304 00:17:43,840 --> 00:17:46,080 Speaker 1: they test positive, they would be rushed to a hospital 305 00:17:46,160 --> 00:17:49,000 Speaker 1: in quarantine. So there are officials who are trained in 306 00:17:49,000 --> 00:17:51,480 Speaker 1: this and they're on the lookout for it. There are 307 00:17:52,000 --> 00:17:56,040 Speaker 1: twenty US quarantine stations located at ports of entry and 308 00:17:56,160 --> 00:17:59,879 Speaker 1: land border crossings where international travelers arrive, and they are 309 00:18:00,040 --> 00:18:04,080 Speaker 1: staffed with quarantine, medical and public health officers from the CDC. 310 00:18:04,720 --> 00:18:06,879 Speaker 1: And indeed, most notably to the news right now, we 311 00:18:06,920 --> 00:18:10,080 Speaker 1: do have one in Atlanta, which we acquired when we 312 00:18:10,119 --> 00:18:12,800 Speaker 1: had the Olympics here and probably a lot of you 313 00:18:12,920 --> 00:18:16,040 Speaker 1: have seen the imagery and the news of the jet 314 00:18:16,480 --> 00:18:20,439 Speaker 1: that the retrofitted jet that was used to transport to 315 00:18:21,119 --> 00:18:24,840 Speaker 1: US citizens who were were over in West Africa and 316 00:18:24,880 --> 00:18:31,000 Speaker 1: who contracted ebola. And this thing is amazing to me, Yeah, 317 00:18:31,040 --> 00:18:34,359 Speaker 1: because you have it's almost like a container within a 318 00:18:34,440 --> 00:18:38,720 Speaker 1: container within the airplane, and it's I feel like people 319 00:18:38,720 --> 00:18:41,720 Speaker 1: were drawn to it as much because it's almost a 320 00:18:41,760 --> 00:18:45,520 Speaker 1: comforting image because you see in this plane a lot 321 00:18:45,560 --> 00:18:49,359 Speaker 1: of money thrown at a single individual to to keep 322 00:18:49,440 --> 00:18:51,720 Speaker 1: to you know, in the name of treating their illness, 323 00:18:51,760 --> 00:18:54,879 Speaker 1: but also in the name of preventing their illness from 324 00:18:54,920 --> 00:18:57,000 Speaker 1: reaching anyone else. But it also ends up sort of 325 00:18:57,000 --> 00:18:59,640 Speaker 1: playing into that pari paranoia because it's because you look 326 00:18:59,680 --> 00:19:03,199 Speaker 1: at you look at the tremendous precautions that were taken 327 00:19:03,560 --> 00:19:06,439 Speaker 1: to protect us from what's going on here. So can 328 00:19:06,480 --> 00:19:08,800 Speaker 1: at times be you can almost oversell it a little 329 00:19:08,800 --> 00:19:12,639 Speaker 1: bit um in terms of just a public perception of 330 00:19:12,680 --> 00:19:15,760 Speaker 1: what's going on. It's like an eighteen million dollar ziplock job. 331 00:19:16,200 --> 00:19:18,920 Speaker 1: Really if you look at it, the plane is large 332 00:19:19,000 --> 00:19:21,800 Speaker 1: enough to accommodate a medical crew and it's outfitted with 333 00:19:21,840 --> 00:19:27,760 Speaker 1: a modular aero medical biological containment system. So we're talking 334 00:19:27,800 --> 00:19:31,600 Speaker 1: about this tent like plastic structure. Now, when we talk 335 00:19:31,640 --> 00:19:36,000 Speaker 1: about the patients, um, you know, he or heart. There 336 00:19:36,080 --> 00:19:38,560 Speaker 1: they are on the gurney and then they are tented 337 00:19:38,880 --> 00:19:42,959 Speaker 1: and plastic and then they're put in another tent. And 338 00:19:43,040 --> 00:19:47,840 Speaker 1: should there be any sort of um instance in which 339 00:19:48,200 --> 00:19:51,440 Speaker 1: there's a hole in that plastic or anything that would 340 00:19:51,520 --> 00:19:55,000 Speaker 1: cause a puncture in it, then what would happen is 341 00:19:55,040 --> 00:19:58,000 Speaker 1: that the air would actually rush in from the inside 342 00:19:58,040 --> 00:20:00,720 Speaker 1: as opposed the as opposed to the air from the 343 00:20:00,760 --> 00:20:04,719 Speaker 1: inside of of that tent going out. And the reason 344 00:20:04,760 --> 00:20:08,960 Speaker 1: for this is that they actually have negative pressure within 345 00:20:09,000 --> 00:20:12,080 Speaker 1: the tent, so that that happens. Yeah, you just want 346 00:20:12,080 --> 00:20:14,480 Speaker 1: to limit the airflows as much as possible, I mean, 347 00:20:14,480 --> 00:20:17,800 Speaker 1: basically cut it off when it comes to breathing the 348 00:20:18,000 --> 00:20:20,920 Speaker 1: sick individuals air. Because and remember that the next time 349 00:20:21,000 --> 00:20:24,400 Speaker 1: you were on on a flight somewhere, you're essentially cramming 350 00:20:24,440 --> 00:20:27,080 Speaker 1: into this small, confined space with everyone, and you have 351 00:20:27,119 --> 00:20:31,520 Speaker 1: this agreement. Hey, everyone, we're going to all watch you know, 352 00:20:31,600 --> 00:20:34,399 Speaker 1: the movie Quarantine on our individual screens, but we were 353 00:20:34,400 --> 00:20:37,440 Speaker 1: going to breathe each other's air for the entire duration 354 00:20:37,480 --> 00:20:40,760 Speaker 1: of this flight. Yeah, in this case, just imagine every 355 00:20:40,760 --> 00:20:45,480 Speaker 1: single person individually tempted so that no pathogens could could 356 00:20:45,720 --> 00:20:50,040 Speaker 1: cross into the cabin area. All right, So how effective 357 00:20:50,359 --> 00:20:54,480 Speaker 1: is quarantining Well, in a large part it comes back 358 00:20:54,480 --> 00:20:56,199 Speaker 1: to what I said earlier about there being a lot 359 00:20:56,240 --> 00:21:00,840 Speaker 1: of moving parts. I mean, the quarantine is more than 360 00:21:00,880 --> 00:21:03,600 Speaker 1: just the suit or the room. It's to what degree 361 00:21:03,640 --> 00:21:07,280 Speaker 1: can you actually instigate a quarantine? Do you have the 362 00:21:07,320 --> 00:21:10,960 Speaker 1: for instance, if you're going to use a quarantine um 363 00:21:11,600 --> 00:21:15,080 Speaker 1: in another country, do you have the means to carry 364 00:21:15,119 --> 00:21:16,960 Speaker 1: it out, you have the personnel to carry it out? 365 00:21:17,080 --> 00:21:18,879 Speaker 1: And then do you have the trust of the individuals 366 00:21:18,960 --> 00:21:22,320 Speaker 1: involved in it? Because if we've we've discussed quarantine is 367 00:21:22,359 --> 00:21:24,560 Speaker 1: large to become an honor system situation here in the 368 00:21:24,640 --> 00:21:28,239 Speaker 1: United States. But in cases where where an individual is 369 00:21:28,320 --> 00:21:32,440 Speaker 1: not trusting of the quarantine situation, if they can break quarantine, well, 370 00:21:32,560 --> 00:21:34,800 Speaker 1: than that throws a monkey wrench into the whole thing. Yeah, 371 00:21:34,800 --> 00:21:38,840 Speaker 1: here's a couple of examples. One is from Dr Howard Markle, 372 00:21:38,920 --> 00:21:41,119 Speaker 1: who is the director of the University of Michigan Medical 373 00:21:41,160 --> 00:21:43,840 Speaker 1: Schools Center for the History of Medicine. He looked to 374 00:21:43,880 --> 00:21:47,560 Speaker 1: the past to see how effective quarantining was, and specifically 375 00:21:47,600 --> 00:21:50,440 Speaker 1: he looked at the Spanish flu pandemic in the US 376 00:21:50,520 --> 00:21:52,720 Speaker 1: and nineteen eighteen, and you look at a bunch of cities, 377 00:21:52,960 --> 00:21:56,000 Speaker 1: and he found that cities that early on adopted what 378 00:21:56,080 --> 00:22:01,520 Speaker 1: he calls old fashioned non pharmaceutical interventions like school closures, 379 00:22:01,920 --> 00:22:06,159 Speaker 1: social distancing in the community, and workplace in quarantine and 380 00:22:06,320 --> 00:22:09,880 Speaker 1: layered multiple interventions at once for a long period of time, 381 00:22:09,960 --> 00:22:14,160 Speaker 1: fared so much better than other cities who did not 382 00:22:14,960 --> 00:22:19,240 Speaker 1: um embrace any of these sort of closures. Uh. And 383 00:22:19,400 --> 00:22:21,600 Speaker 1: when they finally did, they did it slower rates and 384 00:22:21,680 --> 00:22:26,240 Speaker 1: so they had higher infections. So it's not just about 385 00:22:26,359 --> 00:22:30,000 Speaker 1: quarantining is but these other layers of distancing the person 386 00:22:30,200 --> 00:22:33,679 Speaker 1: from the pathogen. Indeed, quarantine is just one tool in 387 00:22:33,760 --> 00:22:39,159 Speaker 1: the overall toolbox of managing infectious diseases. Now, if you 388 00:22:39,200 --> 00:22:43,280 Speaker 1: look at Syria Leone, which now has more cases of 389 00:22:43,320 --> 00:22:48,000 Speaker 1: the Abola virus in any other country in the regions um, 390 00:22:48,040 --> 00:22:52,679 Speaker 1: the quarantine isn't strictly enforced, and neighbors still continue to 391 00:22:52,680 --> 00:22:55,639 Speaker 1: stop buy grooving families who have been affected by a 392 00:22:55,720 --> 00:22:59,679 Speaker 1: Bola And we talked more about this in the in 393 00:22:59,760 --> 00:23:04,439 Speaker 1: the podcast episode an Evil specifically, but as our listener 394 00:23:04,600 --> 00:23:07,400 Speaker 1: Jessica pointed out in the listener email that we read 395 00:23:08,920 --> 00:23:13,760 Speaker 1: the community bond is very important in Sierra Leon in 396 00:23:13,840 --> 00:23:16,199 Speaker 1: a place like that, and so it's very hard to 397 00:23:16,280 --> 00:23:21,280 Speaker 1: stop people from um getting together and grieving for one another, 398 00:23:22,040 --> 00:23:23,959 Speaker 1: or you know, even shutting down that part of their 399 00:23:24,359 --> 00:23:27,600 Speaker 1: lives that is so integral to day to day survival. 400 00:23:28,040 --> 00:23:30,399 Speaker 1: And then you should think about how these developing nations 401 00:23:30,400 --> 00:23:34,280 Speaker 1: they lacked the public health resources needed to really enforce 402 00:23:34,359 --> 00:23:37,360 Speaker 1: this in the first place, in the distrust of government 403 00:23:37,640 --> 00:23:40,520 Speaker 1: and medical professionals and so on and so forth, and 404 00:23:40,600 --> 00:23:42,639 Speaker 1: you can kind of see how this isn't really coming 405 00:23:42,640 --> 00:23:45,359 Speaker 1: together as it could. So we have an example of 406 00:23:45,359 --> 00:23:47,560 Speaker 1: how quarantine is done in the US. We have we've 407 00:23:47,560 --> 00:23:50,280 Speaker 1: talked about the ways that we have an attempted quarantine 408 00:23:50,320 --> 00:23:53,080 Speaker 1: in the past throughout history. But do we have another 409 00:23:53,119 --> 00:23:57,680 Speaker 1: international example of quarantining in action. Yeah, and this is extreme. 410 00:23:58,359 --> 00:24:01,639 Speaker 1: This comes um Um from China, and this was just 411 00:24:01,720 --> 00:24:05,160 Speaker 1: in July of this year two thousand and fourteen, in 412 00:24:05,160 --> 00:24:08,639 Speaker 1: which authorities lifted a nine day quarantine of one and 413 00:24:08,720 --> 00:24:13,159 Speaker 1: fifty one individuals from the city of human which was 414 00:24:13,240 --> 00:24:16,320 Speaker 1: instituted after a thirty eight year old man died of 415 00:24:16,359 --> 00:24:21,000 Speaker 1: the bubonic plague infection. So here's the other thing about 416 00:24:21,040 --> 00:24:23,640 Speaker 1: it that's not so crazy. It's that entry and exit 417 00:24:23,720 --> 00:24:28,600 Speaker 1: points were also sealed off, trapping nearly thirty thousand residents. Now, 418 00:24:28,800 --> 00:24:33,080 Speaker 1: no other cases had developed. But we have to contrast 419 00:24:33,160 --> 00:24:36,000 Speaker 1: this to something that happened in the United States during 420 00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:40,520 Speaker 1: the same timeframe. Health officials quickly treated and released four 421 00:24:40,600 --> 00:24:44,159 Speaker 1: Colorado patients who had been hospitalized and diagnosed with the 422 00:24:44,320 --> 00:24:49,840 Speaker 1: more lethal and more contagious pneumonic plague. And that's the 423 00:24:49,880 --> 00:24:51,919 Speaker 1: respiratory form of the disease. And you can see how 424 00:24:51,920 --> 00:24:56,160 Speaker 1: that would be more contagious because it's airborne. And still 425 00:24:56,240 --> 00:24:58,520 Speaker 1: no other cases have been reported here in the the 426 00:24:58,640 --> 00:25:03,760 Speaker 1: US of the pneumonic plague. So when you look at that, 427 00:25:03,800 --> 00:25:05,120 Speaker 1: when you come to say, well, what in the world 428 00:25:05,160 --> 00:25:07,879 Speaker 1: is going on? Is that an overreaction from China? Is 429 00:25:07,880 --> 00:25:10,520 Speaker 1: that an under reaction from the United States? And some 430 00:25:10,600 --> 00:25:14,000 Speaker 1: health professionals would tell you, look, we have more information now, 431 00:25:14,119 --> 00:25:17,879 Speaker 1: we have better testing, We know how diseases act, so 432 00:25:18,280 --> 00:25:21,440 Speaker 1: we are able to treat those people and send them 433 00:25:21,480 --> 00:25:23,840 Speaker 1: on their way. There wasn't a need to like shut down, 434 00:25:24,440 --> 00:25:27,760 Speaker 1: you know, a large swath of the United States and 435 00:25:28,240 --> 00:25:30,840 Speaker 1: not let anybody leave it. Right. So, so the argument 436 00:25:30,880 --> 00:25:33,280 Speaker 1: would be that the Chinese approach was maybe a little 437 00:25:33,400 --> 00:25:37,399 Speaker 1: archaic because it didn't match up with our our current 438 00:25:37,760 --> 00:25:40,600 Speaker 1: understanding of how these illnesses work and how we can 439 00:25:40,640 --> 00:25:42,680 Speaker 1: treat them. It could be archaic, but it could also 440 00:25:42,800 --> 00:25:45,399 Speaker 1: be on the part of Chinese officials of hey, we 441 00:25:45,480 --> 00:25:49,280 Speaker 1: have a one of the largest populations in the world, 442 00:25:49,480 --> 00:25:52,240 Speaker 1: and therefore we need to be stricter. Okay. In the 443 00:25:52,320 --> 00:25:54,879 Speaker 1: argument could be made that the Chinese simply responded with 444 00:25:54,920 --> 00:25:58,840 Speaker 1: the model of of of treatment that worked best for 445 00:25:58,880 --> 00:26:02,119 Speaker 1: that particular situation. Indeed, indeed, and it's kind of you know, 446 00:26:02,240 --> 00:26:05,040 Speaker 1: I would say that snor probably is scary for nine days, 447 00:26:05,119 --> 00:26:08,679 Speaker 1: that there's entry points and exit points that you cannot access, 448 00:26:08,720 --> 00:26:11,240 Speaker 1: and you could sort of wonder what's going on if 449 00:26:11,280 --> 00:26:15,080 Speaker 1: you're in that community. Um that being said, you know, 450 00:26:16,560 --> 00:26:20,000 Speaker 1: both both worked, so you can't can't blame you decide, 451 00:26:21,560 --> 00:26:25,480 Speaker 1: all right, So there you go, quarantine in a nutshell, 452 00:26:26,400 --> 00:26:29,000 Speaker 1: what it is, how it works, where it came from, 453 00:26:29,000 --> 00:26:32,160 Speaker 1: to what degree it's effective or ineffective. Again, be sure 454 00:26:32,160 --> 00:26:35,600 Speaker 1: to listen to that Hibola episode that aired just before 455 00:26:35,640 --> 00:26:37,520 Speaker 1: this one if you haven't had a chance to yet, 456 00:26:37,600 --> 00:26:40,520 Speaker 1: because that directly ties into everything we're talking about here, 457 00:26:41,000 --> 00:26:42,920 Speaker 1: and you know, we're looking to possibly do some more 458 00:26:42,960 --> 00:26:46,960 Speaker 1: content on infectious diseases in the future. For for my part, 459 00:26:47,040 --> 00:26:50,080 Speaker 1: I always find them interesting. And so if there are 460 00:26:50,119 --> 00:26:55,360 Speaker 1: particular diseases, uh, viruses, pathogens, what have you that you 461 00:26:55,400 --> 00:26:57,480 Speaker 1: think are highly interesting that you would like us to cover, 462 00:26:58,040 --> 00:27:00,359 Speaker 1: let us know and uh and will come see are 463 00:27:00,359 --> 00:27:03,240 Speaker 1: looking into them as always. You can find us at 464 00:27:03,280 --> 00:27:05,240 Speaker 1: stuff to Blow your Mind dot com. You have a 465 00:27:05,320 --> 00:27:07,159 Speaker 1: question about what we do. You want to see the 466 00:27:07,200 --> 00:27:09,040 Speaker 1: stuff that we've done. You want to check out our 467 00:27:09,560 --> 00:27:13,040 Speaker 1: podcast episodes, all of them that we've ever made, you 468 00:27:13,080 --> 00:27:15,080 Speaker 1: can find them at that website. You can find our videos, 469 00:27:15,119 --> 00:27:17,280 Speaker 1: you can find our blog, post pictures of what we 470 00:27:17,359 --> 00:27:20,640 Speaker 1: look like. Uh, links to our various social media accounts. 471 00:27:20,640 --> 00:27:22,520 Speaker 1: It's all there. Stuff to Blow your Mind dot com. 472 00:27:23,160 --> 00:27:25,480 Speaker 1: Be sure to check out mind Stuff Show on YouTube. 473 00:27:25,480 --> 00:27:29,240 Speaker 1: If you're a YouTube user, your YouTube fanatic, go there, subscribe, 474 00:27:29,600 --> 00:27:33,600 Speaker 1: follow us, comment on our videos. We try to engage 475 00:27:33,680 --> 00:27:37,800 Speaker 1: the viewers there as much as humanly possible and uh yeah, 476 00:27:37,880 --> 00:27:41,320 Speaker 1: check that out. Yeah, And if you have some thoughts 477 00:27:41,320 --> 00:27:44,359 Speaker 1: percolating on quarantine, if you've ever pen and fall in 478 00:27:44,480 --> 00:27:48,240 Speaker 1: one let us know. Um. Also make sure you check 479 00:27:48,280 --> 00:27:50,760 Speaker 1: out I O nine's article ten of the Craziest things 480 00:27:50,760 --> 00:27:53,000 Speaker 1: that you Never knew about quarantines and check out the 481 00:27:53,040 --> 00:27:57,080 Speaker 1: one on typhoid mary Is. It's pretty interesting. Um. All right, 482 00:27:57,160 --> 00:27:59,800 Speaker 1: send your swirling thoughts to us at below the mind 483 00:28:00,040 --> 00:28:06,879 Speaker 1: at how staff works dot com. For more on this 484 00:28:07,080 --> 00:28:15,840 Speaker 1: and thousands of other topics, visit how staff works dot com.