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Speaker 1: We have industries who are truly excited and fascinated by

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Speaker 1: the prospects of five G technology, but they have never

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Speaker 1: deployed anything wireless before. And I can give you examples,

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Speaker 1: like take manufacturing plants. What they are interested in is, hey,

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Speaker 1: can I go ahead and have wireless communications inside so

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Speaker 1: that I can digitize the entire manufacturing plan, get tons

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Speaker 1: of data, do a lot of processing analytics, improve my

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Speaker 1: productivity with it. And that's only possible with technologies like

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Speaker 1: five G. Welcome to the restless ones. I'm Jonathan Strickland.

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Speaker 1: I've spent the last fifteen years covering technology and learning

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Speaker 1: how it works, demystifying everything from massive parallel processing to

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Speaker 1: advanced robotics and everything in between. Yet it's the conversations

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Speaker 1: with some of the most forward thinking leaders, those at

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Speaker 1: the intersection of technology and business that fascinated me the most.

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Speaker 1: Today I'm speaking with Drga Malatty from Qualcom Technologies. Durga

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Speaker 1: is on the cutting edge of wireless connectivity and has

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Speaker 1: spent a quarter of a century creating systems that are

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Speaker 1: at the very heart of communication and data. I knew

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Speaker 1: that I was in for a great conversation right from

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Speaker 1: the start. Before really waiting into the world of five G.

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Speaker 1: I wanted to learn a bit more about Durga's personal background. Derga,

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Speaker 1: I just want to start off by saying thank you

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Speaker 1: for joining us on The Restless Ones. That is a

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Speaker 1: pleasure to have you on the show. Thank you for

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Speaker 1: having me. We always like to start getting to know

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Speaker 1: our guest a little bit better. And I was really

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Speaker 1: curious if you could tell us how you first got

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Speaker 1: interested in technology in general, and when did you decide

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Speaker 1: to pursue technology as a career path. Okay, so this

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Speaker 1: actually goes back all the way to I think middle school.

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Speaker 1: That was the first time I was like supposed to

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Speaker 1: you know, a lot of the fun aspects of physics

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Speaker 1: and doing experiments and tinkering with things was something that

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Speaker 1: really got me excited. The first time that I built

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Speaker 1: an electromagnet. We were all used to magnets, but the

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Speaker 1: idea of using electricity to create magnetism was something that

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Speaker 1: was so fascinating. I just got hooked. Wow. And to

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Speaker 1: go from electro magnets all the way into things as

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Speaker 1: complex as semiconductors. I remember learning about it in high

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Speaker 1: school and trying to wrap my brain around it and

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Speaker 1: finding it somewhat challenging. At what point did you really

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Speaker 1: focus on that as being your career that this was

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Speaker 1: This wasn't just interesting, but it was something that you

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Speaker 1: really wanted to pursue professionally. My mom is a math

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Speaker 1: teacher and my dad is an engineer, so stem was

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Speaker 1: something that was kind of ingrained in our family. In

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Speaker 1: any case, from my perspective, I was always fascinated by

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Speaker 1: the combination of physics and math, but it also became

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Speaker 1: quite clear to me that applied physics was far more

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Speaker 1: interesting to me, and from an engineering perspective, the whole

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Speaker 1: notion of wireless communications and signal processing. It also was

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Speaker 1: the beginning of the transition from the first generation of

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Speaker 1: wireless to the second generation cell phones. This was in

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Speaker 1: the early nineties where cell phones were becoming more mainstream.

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Speaker 1: It wasn't something that you would just see in a movie,

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Speaker 1: but it was something that was being used more in

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Speaker 1: daily lives because back then the phones were much bigger

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Speaker 1: and all you could do was voice but there was

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Speaker 1: so much more that you could do. And the other

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Speaker 1: interesting part was that in the early nineties there was

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Speaker 1: something else that was going on in parallel, and that

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Speaker 1: was the birth of modern day internet, and so the

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Speaker 1: possibilities were just endless. You know, we're talking about voice

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Speaker 1: using phones and wireless networks, but what if you could

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Speaker 1: bring in data as well? So it was just a

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Speaker 1: fascinating field. I also love science and math, and it's

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Speaker 1: one of the reasons I really love technology, because technology

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Speaker 1: is the actual manifestation of science and math athen proof

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Speaker 1: that this stuff works, because obviously if it didn't, the

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Speaker 1: technology would never work. And it is a thing of

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Speaker 1: beauty really to see science and mathematics at work and

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Speaker 1: making things possible. I think a lot of people kind

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Speaker 1: of lose sight of that, and they just see what

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Speaker 1: the end result is and they kind of lose appreciation

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Speaker 1: for sort of the beauty the underlies it all. Completely agree.

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Speaker 1: One of the sayings that you know I read back

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Speaker 1: in the day was, I think just touching upon your

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Speaker 1: point that any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic,

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Speaker 1: and there is something magical about that. It's one thing

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Speaker 1: to learn a subject, do all the maths behind it,

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Speaker 1: have the theories behind it, but when you actually see

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Speaker 1: it working, there's always that moment of wow, I can't

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Speaker 1: believe this is awesome and that's something that specifically the

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Speaker 1: case when it comes to wireless communications, the idea that

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Speaker 1: something is being said or transmitted from a location and

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Speaker 1: in a completely different location you actually get exactly the

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Speaker 1: same thing. And I would argue that the bedrock of

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Speaker 1: violence communications is that confluence of physics and math that

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Speaker 1: comes together and all the engineering that goes behind it. Well,

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Speaker 1: anyone who can quote Arthur C. Clerk to me is

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Speaker 1: top in my book. I'm a huge science fiction fan

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Speaker 1: as well. Well, what drew you towards the mode of

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Speaker 1: marrow F technology in particular? How did you start getting

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Speaker 1: involved in that specific field? You know, in the second

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Speaker 1: half of my grad school I was focusing a lot

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Speaker 1: on signal processing, some of the algorithms that are necessary

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Speaker 1: in base PAN technology to process the signals once they

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Speaker 1: come through the RF in itself. It was quite clear

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Speaker 1: to me that I was really interested in data communications

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Speaker 1: and the signal processing that is needed for data communications.

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Speaker 1: This is in the late nineties when overall as an

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Speaker 1: industry we were gradually migrating beyond text. Text messages were

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Speaker 1: always there, but this is going a little bit beyond that,

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Speaker 1: and it was quite incredible to even see can we

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Speaker 1: actually read email on a cell phone. We take it

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Speaker 1: for granted today, but back then it wasn't very obvious

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Speaker 1: that you could actually do that in a seamless manner.

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Speaker 1: So for me, working on the baseman technology was something

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Speaker 1: that fascinated me quite a bit. The transition towards three

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Speaker 1: G was happening, the dot com boom, wireless boom, and

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Speaker 1: this transition from the Internet was taking on in wildline communications,

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Speaker 1: so there were so many things there, but it became

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Speaker 1: quite clear to me that base pan processing is going

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Speaker 1: to be key because there's a lot of sophistication that

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Speaker 1: we need to bring into the table once you get

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Speaker 1: past all the analog processing that's done in the outer

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Speaker 1: front end. And so straight out of grad school i

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Speaker 1: joined Qualcom. Qualcom was right in the midst of all

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Speaker 1: the G transitions and making data come into wireless communications,

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Speaker 1: so it was a natural spot for me. Derek's story

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Speaker 1: impressed me. It's not often you hear about such a

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Speaker 1: smooth transition, and before we move on to talk about

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Speaker 1: the present and future of wireless communications, I thought it

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Speaker 1: was a good idea to do a quick rundown of

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Speaker 1: the past because the terms can get confusing in part

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Speaker 1: because the transitions have been gradual, and sometimes a single

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Speaker 1: generation has multiple standards like G s M and C

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Speaker 1: d M A. So in the beginning, we have the

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Speaker 1: first generation of wireless cellular technology, otherwise known as one G.

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Speaker 1: This was analog technology that really only supported voice, with

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Speaker 1: a maximum data speed of just two point four kilobits

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Speaker 1: per second. The second generation of tech emerged in the

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Speaker 1: early nineties. We made the switch to digital instead of analog,

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Speaker 1: boosted the data transfer speeds, and allowed for stuff like

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Speaker 1: call and text encryption. This is where cell phones really

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Speaker 1: begin to take off. There was quite a bit of

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Speaker 1: evolution between two G and three G, which was introduced

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Speaker 1: in the late nineties, and with three G we had

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Speaker 1: faster data transmission speeds enough to support tasks like video

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Speaker 1: calling and mobile web browsing. A decade later, we got

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Speaker 1: four G with even greater data transmission speeds and support

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Speaker 1: for a wider variety of services, including HD, mobile tele vision.

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Speaker 1: All smartphones like the iPhone debuted in the era of

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Speaker 1: three G. There was really four G connectivity that allowed

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Speaker 1: the mobile Internet to flourish, and now we're in the

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Speaker 1: five G era with the potential for incredible data throughput

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Speaker 1: and low latency, and as Durga points out, these capabilities

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Speaker 1: really create opportunities well beyond mobile devices. So the birth

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Speaker 1: of the smartphone was what really made four G tick,

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Speaker 1: and that's the one that actually continued for another ten years.

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Speaker 1: So it's all completely based upon mobile broad band. And

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Speaker 1: as we started looking at it, why stop just at smartphones,

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Speaker 1: why not have database communications and every single device that

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Speaker 1: you see around you all kinds of devices, and these

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Speaker 1: are devices that communicate not just with humans, but also

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Speaker 1: with each other. And it was with that sort of

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Speaker 1: thought process that the original vision of five G as

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Speaker 1: a unifying connectivity fabric for everything. It's not just for smartphones,

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Speaker 1: it's not just for voice communications or data communications, but

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Speaker 1: it's all of the above for all kinds of devices.

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Speaker 1: So it's been a long and very productive and sophisticated journey.

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Speaker 1: If you kind of think about what we are capable

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Speaker 1: of doing with five G today, and for those of

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Speaker 1: us who have been fortunate enough to be part of

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Speaker 1: the journey from the nineties onwards, it's always quite something.

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Speaker 1: It still gives me goose bumps, and we are only

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Speaker 1: getting started at this point in time with five G.

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Speaker 1: I'm sure We're going to talk a lot about five

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Speaker 1: G capabilities in our conversation, and honestly, the more I learned,

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Speaker 1: the more excited I get, because I think for a

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Speaker 1: lot of people, including myself, the initial messaging that the

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Speaker 1: mainstream gets, tends to be in that smartphone realm, right,

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Speaker 1: that that's the five G experience that you're going to

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Speaker 1: be able to access things faster. But that misses so much.

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Speaker 1: I see five G playing an enormous role in our

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Speaker 1: day to day lives, but also an unseen presence that

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Speaker 1: ends up powering so many of the other technologies that

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Speaker 1: are going to shape the way we live moving forward.

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Speaker 1: One of the big questions I had for you then,

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Speaker 1: in case people aren't familiar, is within the five G picture,

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Speaker 1: what role does qual Calm play. Yeah, that's a very

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Speaker 1: important point. So as qual Calm in our heart, we

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Speaker 1: are an end to end systems company. We're not just

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Speaker 1: a company that does the chips. It's starting from foundational

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Speaker 1: fundamental design, starting literally from a white board, proving out

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Speaker 1: concepts that have never been done before. So if you

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Speaker 1: just take a look at the complete pipeline, there is

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Speaker 1: a design cycle that starts way before several years before

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Speaker 1: we even start seeing any commercialization for that, and by

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Speaker 1: the time it comes to commercialization, we are focused on

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Speaker 1: a few key concepts. On five G we power the

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Speaker 1: MORTEM outive solutions that go into all kinds of devices,

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Speaker 1: devices that range from smartphones on one hand, two laptops,

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Speaker 1: fixed wireless access, mobile hotspots, routers, increasingly automobiles where vehicles

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Speaker 1: now come in you can buy a car with cellular

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Speaker 1: connectivity inside that and going into from a device perspective

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Speaker 1: into the infrastructure domain where we provide the MORTEMARTI solutions

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Speaker 1: that power pay stations as they exist, and there is

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Speaker 1: an evolution happening on the infrastructure domain as well. So

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Speaker 1: that's a portion that we are probably you know, more

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Speaker 1: known from a product standpoint, but it is important too

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Speaker 1: for everyone to understand that as Qualcom, we do always

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Speaker 1: come in with an end to end vision. We have

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Speaker 1: a complete picture of what we want accompletion. We've actually

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Speaker 1: gone through that process. So because of that, our touch

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Speaker 1: points are practically everywhere in the ecosystem. We work very

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Speaker 1: closely with mobile operators who eventually consume the technology that

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Speaker 1: we build. We don't directly sell into them, but they

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Speaker 1: consume the technology eventually of what we build with our

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Speaker 1: direct customers, the O E M s who build these

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Speaker 1: devices or build the infrastructure, our partners who are either

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Speaker 1: the infrastructure domain or in the cloud players or in

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Speaker 1: the actual device Williams themselves. They're also our partners in

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Speaker 1: terms of doing a lot of interrupt testing, and that's

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Speaker 1: one of the important aspects of the wireless communications piece.

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Speaker 1: The ecosystem is gradually growing. If you were to fast

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Speaker 1: forward from the nineties to where we are today today,

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Speaker 1: it's a really big tent. Right now. We have industries

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Speaker 1: who are truly excited and fascinated by the prospects of

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Speaker 1: five G technology, but they have never deployed anything wireless before.

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Speaker 1: And I can give you examples, like take manufacturing plants.

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Speaker 1: What they are interested in is, hey, can I go

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Speaker 1: digitize the entire manufacturing plan, gettle tons of data, do

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Speaker 1: a lot of processing analytics, improve my productivity with it.

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Speaker 1: And that's only possible with technologies like five G. You

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Speaker 1: could do exactly the same thing with large scale utility grids,

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Speaker 1: especially as one thinks of a mix and match of

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Speaker 1: you know, the energy assets, you might have data that's

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Speaker 1: coming in from wind, solar and hydro power, complementing oil

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Speaker 1: and natural gas and put it all together, there's an

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Speaker 1: overall grid management, but a lot of it depends upon

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Speaker 1: data that's constantly streaming in. Once again, five G technology

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Speaker 1: for utility grids is a fascinating use case in itself.

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Speaker 1: So there's a lot of these new industries that have

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Speaker 1: never done anything wireless before, but they are adopting it,

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Speaker 1: building it, testing it, and so that's the place that

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Speaker 1: we are right now. There might be instances where maybe

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Speaker 1: this is not the technology for you, but there's a

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Speaker 1: lot of instances where this is indeed the technology for you.

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Speaker 1: And yes, we will do our part in enabling you,

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Speaker 1: and we can bring others together as well because there

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Speaker 1: you need them as well. And that's the way that

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Speaker 1: we actually work for the ecosystem. Conventional thinking says you

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Speaker 1: have to pay more to get more I want to work.

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Speaker 1: But Team Obile for Business uses unconventional thinking to deliver

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Speaker 1: premium benefits for better r o I. From customized fived

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Speaker 1: solutions to three sixty supports. We help you reach your

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Speaker 1: business goals right now. I want it now, innovating to

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Speaker 1: improve business today and tomorrow. That's unconventional thinking from T

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Speaker 1: Mobile for business capable device required covers not available in

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Speaker 1: some areas some US require certain planter features c T

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Speaker 1: mobile dot com. For those who when they hear five G,

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Speaker 1: I think the two things they think of first, they

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Speaker 1: think of high bandwidth. Especially if you're just a casual consumer,

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Speaker 1: you're probably thinking, Oh, that's the thing that will let

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Speaker 1: me download a series in just a couple of seconds.

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Speaker 1: The thing that really excites me with this idea of

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Speaker 1: low latency high bandwidth is the potential for use in

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Speaker 1: all sorts of applications. So can you talk a little

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Speaker 1: bit about that, about how the low latency aspect of

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Speaker 1: five G enables new technologies that just a generation ago

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Speaker 1: would have been impossible. Know, this is the first generation

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Speaker 1: in wireless that we are placing some kind of emphasis on,

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Speaker 1: not just the typical data rates in bandwidth, but latency

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Speaker 1: is just a responsiveness of the system. You would do

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Speaker 1: something and you immediately see the response of that. And

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Speaker 1: I'll give two examples of that where latency matters quite

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Speaker 1: a lot. The first one is I give this example

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Speaker 1: earlier of a manufacturing plant. Inside manufacturing plants, especially some

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Speaker 1: of the more sophisticated ones. There's a lot of industrial

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Speaker 1: grade ethernet that is used. This is wireline communications. But

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Speaker 1: you have two machines, you have a controller of a machine.

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Speaker 1: They're communicating with each other. And what matters, what's paramount

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Speaker 1: is a command gets sent out and it is received

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Speaker 1: by the machine on the other end at a very

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Speaker 1: low latency. Similarly, you have the same machine that is

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Speaker 1: sending back some heartbeat messages. It must be received like clockwork,

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Speaker 1: at a certain point in time. And that's a place

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Speaker 1: where if the object, if you can think of that

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Speaker 1: happening quite easily on a wire, you kind of expect

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Speaker 1: that kind of equality of service in a wire. When

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Speaker 1: we replace those wires with wireless technology, you want to

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Speaker 1: actually have exactly the same attributes, the same set of features.

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Speaker 1: So latency matters in industrial equipment, as five G actually

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Speaker 1: comes into the picture, because that's what it brings to

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Speaker 1: the table. But what the other thing that it now

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Speaker 1: does is now as the machines get moved around and

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Speaker 1: so on, you don't have to necessarily first bring out

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Speaker 1: the wires, the kind of move it to a different location,

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Speaker 1: plug it back in, calibrated, and there's a lot of

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Speaker 1: up and downtime that's associated with this, and you can

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Speaker 1: actually get past that. So that's a clear application of

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Speaker 1: where latency matter is quite a bit. The other place

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Speaker 1: is where you know. Another example, and I'm kind of

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Speaker 1: deliberately picking a more futuristic example but not that far off,

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Speaker 1: is two vehicles communicating with each other. There is a

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Speaker 1: technology in five G called V two X. It's really

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Speaker 1: vehicles community adating to other vehicles. Imagine a scenario where

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Speaker 1: every vehicle out there has got this technology and you

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Speaker 1: have basic safety mechanisms that are actually communicated with each other.

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Speaker 1: There's a car that's driving in front of you, and

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Speaker 1: if the driver actually, you know, slams on the brake,

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Speaker 1: then instead of you just seeing that red light behind

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Speaker 1: and then realizing that someone just applied the brakes in

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Speaker 1: front of you, the car actually sends a message saying

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Speaker 1: I just applied a break. Your car receives it as well,

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Speaker 1: and it takes all the appropriate measures. So this is

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Speaker 1: like basic safety, but it's also kind of mission critical

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Speaker 1: in some sense. So latency matters. Every millisecond matters over there.

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Speaker 1: Humans take a little bit longer, but your vehicles can

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Speaker 1: actually react much faster. So this is another example of that.

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Speaker 1: So these are a few examples where you can immediately

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Speaker 1: see that it's not so much about tens of gigabits

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Speaker 1: per second, data rates and so on, but it's all

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Speaker 1: about latency. I see it also being critical for applications

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Speaker 1: such as virtual real the and augmented reality. Any case

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Speaker 1: where you are presenting the user visual information, it has

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Speaker 1: to be very timely. Otherwise what one with virtual reality,

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Speaker 1: we all know that if there's any latency, you're bound

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Speaker 1: to experience motion sickness. You get that virtual motion sickness.

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Speaker 1: But also with augmented reality, obviously you don't want any latency.

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Speaker 1: If you are looking at a building looking for a

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Speaker 1: specific office, you want that information to pop up immediately.

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Speaker 1: You don't want to be sitting there waiting for it.

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Speaker 1: Or if you are following directions so that you can

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Speaker 1: get someplace, you want those turn by turn directions obviously

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Speaker 1: to show up before you've passed the turn. Obviously, the

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Speaker 1: metaverse is one of those topics that's been getting a

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Speaker 1: lot of buzz recently. Obviously, all these companies that are

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Speaker 1: rushing into it. I imagine that five G connectivity is

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Speaker 1: going to be absolutely pivotal for the early days of

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Speaker 1: the metaverse. Absolutely. In fact, that was going to be

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Speaker 1: my next point on that one. As you go, you know,

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Speaker 1: beyond these examples that I gave one latency, if you

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Speaker 1: think about picking up from where you started off with

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Speaker 1: virtual reality, wherein there is something called as a motion

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Speaker 1: to photon latency. In other words, like in the physical world,

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Speaker 1: you move your head, you want to see exactly the

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Speaker 1: same thing in the virtual world as well, but a

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Speaker 1: lot of that processing it's being done elsewhere, and so

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Speaker 1: you want to make sure that the overall latency is

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Speaker 1: so small that when you move, you actually see everything

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Speaker 1: else in the virtual world move with you as well.

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Speaker 1: And that's a very important attribute from coal comp perspective.

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Speaker 1: We call it as the connected intelligent edge, and there's

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Speaker 1: like three different words over there, but if you were

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Speaker 1: to break it down, it's important that connectivity is no

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Speaker 1: longer you know, a nice to have, It is a requirement.

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Speaker 1: It is a necessity. You must have connected devices whenever

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Speaker 1: you have these meadows based devices, whether it's excity devices

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Speaker 1: or something else. But you also want the devices to

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Speaker 1: be intelligent enough to do some of the processing inside

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Speaker 1: the device, but also do some of the processing close

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Speaker 1: to the edge. So you can actually imagine that maybe

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Speaker 1: you're in a conference room and you have a processor

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Speaker 1: that is there inside the conference room, but everyone is

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Speaker 1: wearing their glasses, and then you have in a remote

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Speaker 1: conference room somewhere else geographically separated, there's another set of people,

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Speaker 1: everyone's wearing their extra glasses. You have the processing that's

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Speaker 1: occurring there. So that's the edge portion of it, where

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Speaker 1: some of the processing is being done at the edge,

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Speaker 1: but you also need the devices to be very intelligent.

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Speaker 1: But you almost kind of take connectivity for a granted.

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Speaker 1: So connected intelligent edge is something that we are very

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Speaker 1: focused on, ask wal Kom, and we have been kind

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Speaker 1: of driving that vision as much as possible, and we

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Speaker 1: believe that this is going to be the foundation for

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Speaker 1: the starting point of the journey into the metawords. But

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Speaker 1: this is the foundation, that's the way that we see it.

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Speaker 1: I have another quick question here, and that is do

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Speaker 1: you have any other examples of how five G technology

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Speaker 1: has been of benefit to your clients. I know you've

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Speaker 1: taught a little bit in generalities, but are there any,

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Speaker 1: without necessarily naming names, any specific implementations that you've seen

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Speaker 1: that have been sort of almost like the killer app

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Speaker 1: for five G. Well, okay, that's a pretty broad term

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Speaker 1: over there, but I would like to actually highlight one

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Speaker 1: thing that did happen in the last two years. It's

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Speaker 1: just coincidental with the pandemic if you kind of think

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Speaker 1: about it. The initial five G launchers were in so

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Speaker 1: spring of was the first set of major announcements coming

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Speaker 1: out from the US and Korea, and then we had

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Speaker 1: U S, Korea and Japan, Australia, Europe, and China, the

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Speaker 1: first six regions which launched five G. But then right

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Speaker 1: after that we hit the pandemic. That was a point

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Speaker 1: in time where it was, you know, new frontier for everyone,

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Speaker 1: no clear rules written as to how do you keep

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Speaker 1: the productivity of organizations going while everyone is figuring out

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Speaker 1: how to work remotely. And one thing that happened is

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Speaker 1: that the five G features and new capabilities and two

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Speaker 1: devices and two networks continued quite smoothly actually in spite

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Speaker 1: of the pandemic. I think as an industry, we were

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Speaker 1: able to immediately bring in some of the technology as

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Speaker 1: solutions to enable people from working from wherever they are.

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Speaker 1: Everyone started paying attention to what kind of connectivity do

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Speaker 1: they have at home or wherever they are working from.

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Speaker 1: And so connectivity was no longer a luxury but a necessity.

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Speaker 1: It was important not just to have some bare bones,

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Speaker 1: but high speed connectivity. We started thinking about broadband services,

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Speaker 1: which is not just something that you find in urban

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Speaker 1: areas or even suburban areas, but even in rural areas.

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Speaker 1: If you take a look at the digital divide between

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Speaker 1: the rural areas, in the urban areas and the rural areas,

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Speaker 1: the data rates that you get is a fraction of

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Speaker 1: what you actually end up seeing in the urban and

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Speaker 1: dense urban areas. An example that, by the way, is

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Speaker 1: distance education. In urban areas, the kids actually went back

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Speaker 1: home and they are now in zoom connectivity. But kids

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Speaker 1: in rural areas, all they really need is the connectivity

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Speaker 1: and they can have access to the same high quality education.

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Speaker 1: They don't necessarily need teachers physically present in the schools

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Speaker 1: right there. Now, the quality of education and locations is

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Speaker 1: determined not necessarily by the quality of teachers who are

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Speaker 1: in that local area, by by the quality of the

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Speaker 1: bandwidth that you have. So we started working a lot

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Speaker 1: on fixed wireless access services, working with operators everywhere in

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Speaker 1: the US to see if you can do rural connectivity,

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Speaker 1: and we were able to get to gig a bit

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Speaker 1: data rates in rural Wisconsin, rural Iowa, and West Virginia.

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Speaker 1: So I wanted to give an example of something as

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Speaker 1: a technology that actually has the ability to transform. From

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Speaker 1: my perspective, fixed wireless has been a huge success story

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Speaker 1: that we don't talk about a lot, but it's actually

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Speaker 1: coming up very nicely in five G. This goes beyond

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Speaker 1: smartphones but really about transforming a lot of communities and

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Speaker 1: a lot of industries. I love that. As the son

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Speaker 1: of two educators, that speaks to me, especially the son

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Speaker 1: of an educator who worked in a rural school in Georgia.

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Speaker 1: Out of curiosity for those companies out there that might

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Speaker 1: be lagging a bit behind in the adoption of these

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Speaker 1: high speed wireless technologies, what sort of your sales pitch,

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Speaker 1: What do you end up really focusing on when you're

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Speaker 1: talking about the capabilities of wireless. I think with a

435
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Speaker 1: lot of these industries that you know, you can take

436
00:24:39,000 --> 00:24:41,320
Speaker 1: the mining sector as an example, or in the early

437
00:24:41,400 --> 00:24:44,120
Speaker 1: days of our discussions with the manufacturing sector, I think

438
00:24:44,119 --> 00:24:47,159
Speaker 1: the first thing that I always do is listen. I

439
00:24:47,200 --> 00:24:49,520
Speaker 1: want to listen to the problems first before I actually

440
00:24:49,560 --> 00:24:51,240
Speaker 1: saying that, yeah, this is a solution. This is not

441
00:24:51,280 --> 00:24:53,320
Speaker 1: a solution for everything, but I want to make sure

442
00:24:53,400 --> 00:24:57,240
Speaker 1: that I listened to what they have and guide them

443
00:24:57,280 --> 00:25:00,719
Speaker 1: towards the entire process of what it aches to adopt

444
00:25:00,720 --> 00:25:02,679
Speaker 1: the technology as well. Maybe five G is the right

445
00:25:02,720 --> 00:25:04,800
Speaker 1: technology for you, but you know what, here are the

446
00:25:04,840 --> 00:25:06,719
Speaker 1: things that you might have to do A B, C,

447
00:25:06,840 --> 00:25:09,840
Speaker 1: D N E. We will help you along the way.

448
00:25:09,880 --> 00:25:12,320
Speaker 1: And by the way, as a part of this journey,

449
00:25:12,480 --> 00:25:14,960
Speaker 1: you should start getting gradually involved into some of the

450
00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:17,960
Speaker 1: standardization bodies as well, because the standards, like five G

451
00:25:18,080 --> 00:25:21,119
Speaker 1: standards is not something that a small group of people

452
00:25:21,240 --> 00:25:26,359
Speaker 1: decide somewhere and then publish it. It's an open system

453
00:25:26,359 --> 00:25:29,920
Speaker 1: wherein anyone who wants to adopt five G can come

454
00:25:29,960 --> 00:25:32,840
Speaker 1: into the standards body and say, hey, these are the

455
00:25:32,880 --> 00:25:35,600
Speaker 1: requirements that I need in my industry. So when you

456
00:25:35,640 --> 00:25:39,120
Speaker 1: place those requirements into it, a couple of years downstream,

457
00:25:39,160 --> 00:25:41,000
Speaker 1: you'll have a new standard that will come out which

458
00:25:41,040 --> 00:25:43,280
Speaker 1: will have all of those requirements baked in as well.

459
00:25:43,840 --> 00:25:47,080
Speaker 1: So we've spent some time also explaining to people that

460
00:25:47,119 --> 00:25:49,000
Speaker 1: you should be a part of this coalition as well.

461
00:25:49,040 --> 00:25:51,400
Speaker 1: So today, if you take a look at the five

462
00:25:51,480 --> 00:25:55,040
Speaker 1: G standards bodies, it's quite common to see those who

463
00:25:55,040 --> 00:25:59,480
Speaker 1: are from the automobile industry, those who are from manufacturing industry,

464
00:25:59,800 --> 00:26:02,439
Speaker 1: and so on. They've never been in these kinds of

465
00:26:02,440 --> 00:26:05,080
Speaker 1: standards parties before, but now they're an integral part of it.

466
00:26:05,400 --> 00:26:08,679
Speaker 1: So it's a combination of yes, we have solutions, but

467
00:26:08,760 --> 00:26:11,480
Speaker 1: we are also here to help you and guiding you

468
00:26:11,520 --> 00:26:13,439
Speaker 1: through the entire process. You'll have to do some of

469
00:26:13,480 --> 00:26:16,120
Speaker 1: the work yourself, but we can bring other partners into

470
00:26:16,119 --> 00:26:18,520
Speaker 1: the picture over here and make sure that you're part

471
00:26:18,560 --> 00:26:21,240
Speaker 1: of you know, the standards as a part of like

472
00:26:21,440 --> 00:26:24,800
Speaker 1: giving in requirements into the SPIX. I think that's fascinating,

473
00:26:24,800 --> 00:26:27,880
Speaker 1: the idea of this being a collaborative effort to come

474
00:26:27,960 --> 00:26:31,600
Speaker 1: to these standards so that it isn't like some secret

475
00:26:31,640 --> 00:26:36,320
Speaker 1: cabal handing down directives that everyone must follow, but rather

476
00:26:36,760 --> 00:26:39,400
Speaker 1: it really is an effort to say, what are your

477
00:26:39,480 --> 00:26:43,040
Speaker 1: needs so that we can build that in and then

478
00:26:43,280 --> 00:26:47,200
Speaker 1: it falls to companies like Qualcom to create the technologies

479
00:26:47,200 --> 00:26:51,320
Speaker 1: that actually meet the needs of the end users, whether

480
00:26:51,359 --> 00:26:55,920
Speaker 1: it's a company or a person who wants their technology

481
00:26:55,960 --> 00:27:00,400
Speaker 1: to all speak together without any latency. One for well,

482
00:27:00,480 --> 00:27:03,960
Speaker 1: I have a very easy question for you. I'm sure

483
00:27:03,960 --> 00:27:10,040
Speaker 1: it's one that you'll quickly be able to answer. What's next. Well,

484
00:27:10,160 --> 00:27:12,879
Speaker 1: you know, five G is now about three years old

485
00:27:12,880 --> 00:27:14,919
Speaker 1: and entering into the fourth years, so we're about I

486
00:27:14,920 --> 00:27:17,400
Speaker 1: would argue that, you know, thinking about what I said earlier,

487
00:27:17,440 --> 00:27:19,399
Speaker 1: there's a ten year journey towards the next D and

488
00:27:19,400 --> 00:27:22,960
Speaker 1: so on. We don't start thinking about the fact we're

489
00:27:22,960 --> 00:27:24,639
Speaker 1: working on the next year. We just keep working on

490
00:27:24,720 --> 00:27:28,520
Speaker 1: new technology till it becomes sufficiently different from the previous one,

491
00:27:28,520 --> 00:27:30,240
Speaker 1: and then you call it the next year. So yeah,

492
00:27:30,280 --> 00:27:32,840
Speaker 1: obviously what's going to come next is five G advanced,

493
00:27:33,359 --> 00:27:35,040
Speaker 1: and we're not that far from it, by the way.

494
00:27:35,119 --> 00:27:38,359
Speaker 1: But one thing that's happening is that as five G

495
00:27:38,800 --> 00:27:43,040
Speaker 1: is in a position to generate lots of data, there's

496
00:27:43,040 --> 00:27:45,880
Speaker 1: also a lot of work that's coming up from another

497
00:27:46,520 --> 00:27:50,679
Speaker 1: important technology, and that's AI, the ability to harness and

498
00:27:50,720 --> 00:27:53,879
Speaker 1: process all the data to come out with something meaningful.

499
00:27:54,119 --> 00:27:56,239
Speaker 1: So you kind of have a situation wherein five G

500
00:27:56,400 --> 00:27:58,640
Speaker 1: and a I kind of feed off each other. Five

501
00:27:58,680 --> 00:28:01,879
Speaker 1: G generates a lot of data that helps AI. AI

502
00:28:01,960 --> 00:28:04,440
Speaker 1: then helps five G in a different way. And so

503
00:28:05,040 --> 00:28:07,439
Speaker 1: the combination of five G plus AI is something that

504
00:28:07,600 --> 00:28:10,199
Speaker 1: is quite important for us. And just a couple of

505
00:28:10,200 --> 00:28:14,760
Speaker 1: months back we introduced the very first AI based processing

506
00:28:14,760 --> 00:28:17,200
Speaker 1: techniques as a part of our five G solutions into

507
00:28:17,240 --> 00:28:20,320
Speaker 1: smartphones actually, and so this is something that's going to

508
00:28:20,359 --> 00:28:23,160
Speaker 1: be growing quite a bit, so really looking forward to it.

509
00:28:23,240 --> 00:28:25,480
Speaker 1: But yeah, that's about the kind of a way that

510
00:28:25,520 --> 00:28:29,199
Speaker 1: we are thinking about things right now. I couldn't let

511
00:28:29,280 --> 00:28:35,119
Speaker 1: Durga go without asking him one more thing. What is

512
00:28:35,119 --> 00:28:38,240
Speaker 1: the question I did not ask you that you kind

513
00:28:38,240 --> 00:28:42,600
Speaker 1: of wish I had asked you. One usually thinks of

514
00:28:42,720 --> 00:28:46,880
Speaker 1: five G as something that is a premium technology, something

515
00:28:46,960 --> 00:28:50,400
Speaker 1: that's there only for some very expensive devices out there.

516
00:28:51,240 --> 00:28:54,360
Speaker 1: There is a lot of work on what is known

517
00:28:54,400 --> 00:28:58,080
Speaker 1: as reduced capability so that there is a complete portfolio

518
00:28:58,120 --> 00:29:00,239
Speaker 1: of solutions in five G. You know, there's a one

519
00:29:00,240 --> 00:29:02,440
Speaker 1: size fits all five G. Five G goes all the

520
00:29:02,440 --> 00:29:05,280
Speaker 1: way from hundred megabits second to like a gigabit per second.

521
00:29:05,840 --> 00:29:08,400
Speaker 1: Another point that you know, we didn't touch upon as

522
00:29:08,480 --> 00:29:13,560
Speaker 1: much is the importance of reliability. Reliability of communication and

523
00:29:13,640 --> 00:29:17,120
Speaker 1: what is known as sometimes mission critical communication. You're sending

524
00:29:17,160 --> 00:29:19,440
Speaker 1: a command out there. It's important that it is something

525
00:29:19,480 --> 00:29:21,800
Speaker 1: that's received very quickly, but it's also important that it

526
00:29:21,920 --> 00:29:26,360
Speaker 1: is received extremely reliably. You're not watching a video where

527
00:29:26,400 --> 00:29:28,239
Speaker 1: maybe there's once in a while there's a glitch and

528
00:29:28,280 --> 00:29:30,320
Speaker 1: you're like, that's okay, that's fine. No, No, this is

529
00:29:30,360 --> 00:29:33,240
Speaker 1: like a mission critical message. It must be received, and

530
00:29:33,320 --> 00:29:36,200
Speaker 1: reliability is another attribute that five G is bringing to

531
00:29:36,240 --> 00:29:40,880
Speaker 1: the table. It's quite important whether it's first responders, or

532
00:29:40,880 --> 00:29:43,400
Speaker 1: whether it is some of this manufacturing equipment, or even

533
00:29:43,400 --> 00:29:46,479
Speaker 1: in those vehicular communications. Reliability of communication is an important

534
00:29:46,480 --> 00:29:50,320
Speaker 1: attribute as well. Turga, thank you so much for your time.

535
00:29:50,400 --> 00:29:54,280
Speaker 1: We greatly appreciate it. We've really enjoyed having this conversation.

536
00:29:55,160 --> 00:29:56,920
Speaker 1: I had a lot of fun. Thanks a lot, Jonathan.

537
00:30:02,360 --> 00:30:05,640
Speaker 1: My conversation with DRGA really drove home that we're living

538
00:30:05,640 --> 00:30:08,880
Speaker 1: in a world that just a short while ago was

539
00:30:08,960 --> 00:30:12,960
Speaker 1: the stuff of science fiction, and that so much of

540
00:30:13,000 --> 00:30:17,760
Speaker 1: our world is dependent upon these invisible connections that carry

541
00:30:17,880 --> 00:30:21,800
Speaker 1: data to and from devices all around us. It's not

542
00:30:21,960 --> 00:30:25,200
Speaker 1: just that almost everyone in the world is carrying around

543
00:30:25,240 --> 00:30:29,680
Speaker 1: a combination of a computer, communications device, a camera, and

544
00:30:29,760 --> 00:30:33,240
Speaker 1: an entertainment center just in their pocket. It's that we

545
00:30:33,360 --> 00:30:36,760
Speaker 1: have this back end capability to support these devices and

546
00:30:36,800 --> 00:30:41,520
Speaker 1: provide incredible experiences. Moreover, we need to remember that that

547
00:30:41,720 --> 00:30:45,440
Speaker 1: same back end capability can do so much more than

548
00:30:45,480 --> 00:30:50,800
Speaker 1: provide opportunities for personal communication. It is a foundational technology

549
00:30:50,840 --> 00:30:55,080
Speaker 1: that creates endless possibilities. Whether we're thinking about a personalized

550
00:30:55,080 --> 00:30:59,960
Speaker 1: experience like exploring a virtual environment, or a communication fabric

551
00:31:00,120 --> 00:31:03,040
Speaker 1: that enables fleets of cars to coordinate with one another,

552
00:31:03,600 --> 00:31:06,320
Speaker 1: it all boils down to five G paving the way.

553
00:31:07,600 --> 00:31:09,840
Speaker 1: I can't wait for you to hear more conversations with

554
00:31:09,920 --> 00:31:14,880
Speaker 1: the forward thinkers, innovators, and well restless ones who are

555
00:31:15,000 --> 00:31:19,000
Speaker 1: leveraging tech to build the future. Make sure to tune

556
00:31:19,000 --> 00:31:22,240
Speaker 1: into the Restless Ones every other week for a new episode.

557
00:31:22,720 --> 00:31:29,280
Speaker 1: I'll see you then. T Mobile for Business knows companies

558
00:31:29,320 --> 00:31:31,400
Speaker 1: want more than a one size fits all approach to

559
00:31:31,440 --> 00:31:35,280
Speaker 1: support I want the world, So we provide three sixty

560
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Speaker 1: support customized to your business. From discovery through post deployment.

561
00:31:39,320 --> 00:31:42,800
Speaker 1: You'll get a dedicated account team and expertise from solutions

562
00:31:42,840 --> 00:31:49,040
Speaker 1: engineers and industry advisors. Already right now, I want it now.

563
00:31:49,360 --> 00:31:54,240
Speaker 1: Three six support that's customized for your success. That's unconventional

564
00:31:54,280 --> 00:31:56,000
Speaker 1: thinking from t mobile for business,