1 00:00:06,200 --> 00:00:08,440 Speaker 1: Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind. My name 2 00:00:08,520 --> 00:00:09,640 Speaker 1: is Robert Lamb. 3 00:00:09,440 --> 00:00:12,040 Speaker 2: And I am Joe McCormick. And it's Saturday, so we 4 00:00:12,080 --> 00:00:14,680 Speaker 2: are heading into the vault for an older episode of 5 00:00:14,680 --> 00:00:17,079 Speaker 2: Stuff to Blow Your Mind. This is part one of 6 00:00:17,120 --> 00:00:20,920 Speaker 2: our series on Osiris and the Cult of Osiris, originally 7 00:00:20,920 --> 00:00:23,320 Speaker 2: published on April second, twenty twenty four. 8 00:00:23,920 --> 00:00:26,360 Speaker 1: That's right, let's geek out on some Egyptomania. 9 00:00:29,920 --> 00:00:33,680 Speaker 3: Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind, a production of iHeartRadio. 10 00:00:39,880 --> 00:00:42,239 Speaker 1: Hey you welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind. My 11 00:00:42,360 --> 00:00:43,240 Speaker 1: name is Robert. 12 00:00:43,000 --> 00:00:45,120 Speaker 2: Lamb and I am Joe McCormick. 13 00:00:45,520 --> 00:00:47,920 Speaker 1: And in this episode, we're going to be diving into 14 00:00:48,159 --> 00:00:52,920 Speaker 1: ancient Egyptian mythology once more to discuss an important deity 15 00:00:53,440 --> 00:00:57,040 Speaker 1: connected to the topic of resurrection, which I think was 16 00:00:57,080 --> 00:00:59,960 Speaker 1: probably on my mind over the weekend due to first five. 17 00:01:00,080 --> 00:01:04,320 Speaker 1: It was the Easter holiday. Also on Weird House Cinema, 18 00:01:04,400 --> 00:01:06,920 Speaker 1: which is of our Friday episode in the Stuffed Blue 19 00:01:07,080 --> 00:01:11,360 Speaker 1: Mind podcast feed, we talked about doctor FIBs rises. Again, 20 00:01:11,959 --> 00:01:14,600 Speaker 1: I did not think about this in terms of the 21 00:01:14,640 --> 00:01:16,560 Speaker 1: holiday at all. I didn't think, oh, this is our 22 00:01:16,600 --> 00:01:20,679 Speaker 1: Easter selection. But then I noticed our social media posts 23 00:01:20,720 --> 00:01:24,280 Speaker 1: about it on Easter Sunday, and it's like, you know, 24 00:01:24,319 --> 00:01:26,840 Speaker 1: talking about the rise of doctor Fibb's He's rising again. 25 00:01:26,880 --> 00:01:29,080 Speaker 1: I was like, oh, wow, we sort of accidentally nailed 26 00:01:29,120 --> 00:01:29,400 Speaker 1: it there. 27 00:01:29,920 --> 00:01:32,840 Speaker 2: It's a movie that has so many resurrections. It has 28 00:01:33,319 --> 00:01:37,440 Speaker 2: Doctor Fhibes himself coming out of a sort of a 29 00:01:37,760 --> 00:01:41,000 Speaker 2: chemically induced slumber where at the end of the first 30 00:01:41,080 --> 00:01:44,040 Speaker 2: movie he replaces his blood with embalming fluid and then 31 00:01:44,120 --> 00:01:47,119 Speaker 2: goes to sleep in a giant glass contraption under the floor. 32 00:01:47,800 --> 00:01:49,559 Speaker 2: At the beginning of this movie he wakes up again. 33 00:01:49,640 --> 00:01:51,920 Speaker 2: So that's one sense of rising, though I guess it's 34 00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:55,640 Speaker 2: questionable whether he technically died or not there, so he 35 00:01:55,760 --> 00:01:57,920 Speaker 2: rises at the beginning of the movie. There. The rest 36 00:01:57,920 --> 00:02:00,440 Speaker 2: of the movie is about him trying to live, literally 37 00:02:00,680 --> 00:02:05,160 Speaker 2: resurrect his wife Victoria played by Carolyn Monroe from the dead. 38 00:02:05,400 --> 00:02:07,279 Speaker 2: She sort of spins the whole movie in a glass 39 00:02:07,280 --> 00:02:09,560 Speaker 2: display case, and he is going to take her to 40 00:02:09,639 --> 00:02:13,040 Speaker 2: a temple in ancient Egypt under which lies the secret 41 00:02:13,080 --> 00:02:16,560 Speaker 2: to resurrection and eternal life. And he departs the end 42 00:02:16,600 --> 00:02:19,480 Speaker 2: of the movie on a barge, singing somewhere over the 43 00:02:19,560 --> 00:02:22,560 Speaker 2: rainbow to take Carolyn and row down there and bring 44 00:02:22,600 --> 00:02:25,320 Speaker 2: her back to life. And I would mention a third 45 00:02:25,400 --> 00:02:29,639 Speaker 2: resurrection in the film, which is that the character Vulnavia, 46 00:02:29,840 --> 00:02:33,520 Speaker 2: which is melted like sort of a robot clockwork organism. 47 00:02:33,560 --> 00:02:36,320 Speaker 2: We're not exactly sure. From the first movie, it's Doctor 48 00:02:36,320 --> 00:02:40,600 Speaker 2: Fibes's hinchwoman who helps him commit his quote amazing murders. 49 00:02:40,960 --> 00:02:42,840 Speaker 2: She is melted by acid at the end of the 50 00:02:42,880 --> 00:02:46,360 Speaker 2: first movie, and then just inexplicably comes back in the 51 00:02:46,400 --> 00:02:51,280 Speaker 2: second movie. Also, they resurrect Terry Thomas, remember he bites 52 00:02:51,320 --> 00:02:53,000 Speaker 2: it in the first movie, and then he just comes 53 00:02:53,000 --> 00:02:55,960 Speaker 2: back playing a totally separate character in the second movie. 54 00:02:56,000 --> 00:03:00,680 Speaker 2: And I think that motif of coming back in bodily 55 00:03:00,760 --> 00:03:04,080 Speaker 2: form but playing a different character, maybe maybe may it 56 00:03:04,120 --> 00:03:06,760 Speaker 2: may have some thematic resonance. That's right. 57 00:03:07,919 --> 00:03:11,920 Speaker 1: So what we're gonna be We're gonna be talking about Osiris. Uh. 58 00:03:12,040 --> 00:03:15,720 Speaker 1: I don't think Osiris came up in Doctor five Rises again, 59 00:03:15,720 --> 00:03:18,200 Speaker 1: maybe they made passing reference to him. I think I 60 00:03:18,320 --> 00:03:21,280 Speaker 1: made passing reference to Osiris when we were talking about 61 00:03:21,280 --> 00:03:25,920 Speaker 1: the film. But this is a deity best known for 62 00:03:26,040 --> 00:03:31,239 Speaker 1: his connections to fertility, to the ancient Egyptian underworld, and 63 00:03:31,400 --> 00:03:33,160 Speaker 1: to rights of mummification. 64 00:03:33,720 --> 00:03:35,680 Speaker 2: So, you know, I've seen lots of depictions of the 65 00:03:35,680 --> 00:03:38,560 Speaker 2: god o Cyrus before I was familiar with the imagery 66 00:03:38,680 --> 00:03:42,240 Speaker 2: associated with him. But something I had never noticed until 67 00:03:42,240 --> 00:03:45,360 Speaker 2: I was reading up in preparation for this episode is 68 00:03:45,440 --> 00:03:48,480 Speaker 2: that while on the top half of his body, he 69 00:03:48,600 --> 00:03:51,240 Speaker 2: is often depicted, you know, looking kind of like a 70 00:03:51,360 --> 00:03:53,560 Speaker 2: like a king or a pharaoh, you know, very stately 71 00:03:53,640 --> 00:03:56,080 Speaker 2: with a beard, with his with his face exposed under 72 00:03:56,080 --> 00:03:58,040 Speaker 2: the crown and all that, if you looked down at 73 00:03:58,080 --> 00:04:01,520 Speaker 2: the lower part of his body, apparently his legs are 74 00:04:01,600 --> 00:04:06,280 Speaker 2: depicted wrapped together in the in the wrappings of mummification, 75 00:04:06,480 --> 00:04:09,360 Speaker 2: so it's like the bottom half of his body is 76 00:04:09,400 --> 00:04:11,480 Speaker 2: already mummified. That's right. 77 00:04:11,600 --> 00:04:14,440 Speaker 1: Yeah, And I invite listeners who are in a position 78 00:04:14,440 --> 00:04:16,719 Speaker 1: to do so safely to go ahead and look up 79 00:04:16,760 --> 00:04:21,040 Speaker 1: some images of of of historical depictions of Osiris from 80 00:04:21,080 --> 00:04:24,360 Speaker 1: ancient Egypt. Yeah, he's generally depicted as a mummified king, 81 00:04:25,200 --> 00:04:29,320 Speaker 1: you know, bounds as in the wrappings of mummification. His 82 00:04:29,440 --> 00:04:32,919 Speaker 1: skin as is exposed, you know, in his face and 83 00:04:33,040 --> 00:04:36,960 Speaker 1: neck and hands, is apparently either black or green. I 84 00:04:37,000 --> 00:04:39,920 Speaker 1: tend to find more images of green color choices, though 85 00:04:39,960 --> 00:04:43,880 Speaker 1: that may have at one point signified putrification and death, 86 00:04:44,279 --> 00:04:47,600 Speaker 1: but came to symbolize his connection to the cycle of 87 00:04:47,680 --> 00:04:52,800 Speaker 1: death and life, of resurrection and rebirth, particularly resurrection and 88 00:04:52,839 --> 00:04:56,320 Speaker 1: rebirth linked to that of plant life. On top of this, 89 00:04:56,400 --> 00:04:59,120 Speaker 1: he is generally depicted as wearing a crown and he 90 00:04:59,200 --> 00:05:05,479 Speaker 1: brandishes a crook and a flail, so strong agricultural vibes already. 91 00:05:05,200 --> 00:05:07,440 Speaker 2: But also with power and authority. You know, it's the 92 00:05:07,760 --> 00:05:10,880 Speaker 2: crook and the flail and the autaf crown, the crown 93 00:05:10,920 --> 00:05:12,880 Speaker 2: I think of Upper Egypt. This is the imagery of 94 00:05:12,880 --> 00:05:13,240 Speaker 2: a king. 95 00:05:13,560 --> 00:05:17,359 Speaker 1: Yeah, absolutely so. He is very much like an embodimentimum 96 00:05:17,520 --> 00:05:20,960 Speaker 1: of a mummified king. So let's get a little bit 97 00:05:21,000 --> 00:05:24,760 Speaker 1: into the myth of Osiris. Now standard caveat with mythology, 98 00:05:25,000 --> 00:05:27,599 Speaker 1: you know, as usually as the case, we're not dealing 99 00:05:27,640 --> 00:05:30,799 Speaker 1: with a singular idea from a singular time and place, 100 00:05:30,839 --> 00:05:35,120 Speaker 1: but rather a figure and associated narratives that stirred in 101 00:05:35,160 --> 00:05:38,440 Speaker 1: the minds of ancient peoples for thousands of years. We 102 00:05:38,480 --> 00:05:41,279 Speaker 1: have various accounts of Osiris to go off of, but 103 00:05:41,600 --> 00:05:45,400 Speaker 1: our understanding of Osiris is also incomplete, and indeed we 104 00:05:45,640 --> 00:05:48,159 Speaker 1: don't know with one hundred percent certainty what his name 105 00:05:48,240 --> 00:05:52,880 Speaker 1: even means. It might well mean the Mighty One, but 106 00:05:53,040 --> 00:05:55,320 Speaker 1: I think there are some other ideas out there. There's 107 00:05:55,360 --> 00:05:59,960 Speaker 1: plenty that experts have had to piece together about Osiris 108 00:06:00,160 --> 00:06:05,280 Speaker 1: that is not explicitly, you know, obvious in the source material. Now, 109 00:06:05,279 --> 00:06:07,719 Speaker 1: one of the books that I that I turned to 110 00:06:07,839 --> 00:06:09,760 Speaker 1: for this episode is the two thousand and two book 111 00:06:09,800 --> 00:06:14,120 Speaker 1: Egyptian Mythology by Geraldine Pinch. Pinch also points out that 112 00:06:14,320 --> 00:06:18,520 Speaker 1: we don't know when, how and where Osiris was first worshiped. 113 00:06:19,080 --> 00:06:21,719 Speaker 1: He might have kicked things off as kind of a 114 00:06:21,800 --> 00:06:25,280 Speaker 1: deified pre dynastic king. He might have been an old 115 00:06:25,360 --> 00:06:28,960 Speaker 1: vegetation spirit, a jackal god, or even a mother goddess. 116 00:06:29,920 --> 00:06:32,320 Speaker 1: And I'm also assuming based on this that you know, 117 00:06:32,320 --> 00:06:35,520 Speaker 1: there might have been some interplay between these concepts, you know, 118 00:06:35,640 --> 00:06:40,040 Speaker 1: various varied possible origins, gods that are combined into new 119 00:06:40,040 --> 00:06:44,599 Speaker 1: gods and so forth. Now, Pinch summarizes the sort of 120 00:06:44,640 --> 00:06:47,960 Speaker 1: the what you might think of as the canonical rise 121 00:06:47,960 --> 00:06:53,240 Speaker 1: and fall and resurrection of Osiris, pointing out that first 122 00:06:53,279 --> 00:06:56,599 Speaker 1: of all, he's generally thought to have been born with 123 00:06:56,680 --> 00:06:59,640 Speaker 1: a crown on his head. So taking that concept of 124 00:06:59,680 --> 00:07:03,479 Speaker 1: born king that is theay referenced in Christian hymns, sometimes 125 00:07:03,480 --> 00:07:06,520 Speaker 1: referring to Jesus, but taking it to a literal degree. 126 00:07:06,960 --> 00:07:10,440 Speaker 2: Ah. So, whereas a lot of kings, say, might be 127 00:07:10,520 --> 00:07:13,040 Speaker 2: born with a right to the throne that has then 128 00:07:13,160 --> 00:07:17,280 Speaker 2: recognized in a coronation by placing the crown upon their head, 129 00:07:16,880 --> 00:07:20,720 Speaker 2: that this king is born with the crown already there, like, 130 00:07:20,760 --> 00:07:23,240 Speaker 2: it doesn't need to be recognized. 131 00:07:22,800 --> 00:07:25,800 Speaker 1: Exactly king at his birth literally because he's look, he's 132 00:07:25,840 --> 00:07:27,720 Speaker 1: wearing a little crown, and I guess maybe the crown 133 00:07:27,760 --> 00:07:29,480 Speaker 1: grows with him. I mean, he's a god. He can 134 00:07:29,520 --> 00:07:34,040 Speaker 1: do these things. And fortunately his mother was also a god, 135 00:07:34,560 --> 00:07:36,760 Speaker 1: so he was the eldest son. It is that of 136 00:07:36,840 --> 00:07:39,720 Speaker 1: the earth god Geb and the sky god as Newt. 137 00:07:40,400 --> 00:07:43,280 Speaker 1: So in many respects, he is the place where earth 138 00:07:43,320 --> 00:07:48,440 Speaker 1: and sky converge. He's the very horizon now. Pinch shares 139 00:07:48,480 --> 00:07:51,760 Speaker 1: that some accounts allude to him overcoming his father in 140 00:07:51,800 --> 00:07:56,400 Speaker 1: a vicious dynastic struggle for rule, and one late text 141 00:07:56,840 --> 00:08:01,239 Speaker 1: claims that he died for the first time during this struggle. However, 142 00:08:01,320 --> 00:08:04,200 Speaker 1: she stresses that no accounts of Osiris's rule and his 143 00:08:04,280 --> 00:08:08,680 Speaker 1: death survive from before the Greco Roman period concerning this issue. 144 00:08:08,800 --> 00:08:11,880 Speaker 1: So but one way or another he comes to reign 145 00:08:11,960 --> 00:08:15,600 Speaker 1: over Egypt with his sister consort Isis at his side. 146 00:08:15,840 --> 00:08:18,400 Speaker 1: But of course this rule does not last according to 147 00:08:18,440 --> 00:08:21,640 Speaker 1: the pyramid texts of the Late Old Kingdom, so these 148 00:08:21,640 --> 00:08:24,720 Speaker 1: are for more than four thousand years ago. Osiris was 149 00:08:24,800 --> 00:08:27,920 Speaker 1: murdered by his brother Seth or set who we've talked 150 00:08:27,920 --> 00:08:30,200 Speaker 1: about on the show before, in part because there is 151 00:08:30,240 --> 00:08:33,560 Speaker 1: some mystery and disagreement on what the set animal or 152 00:08:33,600 --> 00:08:39,240 Speaker 1: Seth animal is that his iconography is based upon. But anyway, 153 00:08:39,280 --> 00:08:42,560 Speaker 1: we have this. Yeah, this brother Seth strikes his brother 154 00:08:42,679 --> 00:08:46,080 Speaker 1: down and tramples him and or drowns him in the 155 00:08:46,160 --> 00:08:49,680 Speaker 1: Nile River, and Pinch writes that a double death may 156 00:08:49,720 --> 00:08:51,880 Speaker 1: have been deemed necessary to kill a god. 157 00:08:52,160 --> 00:08:54,720 Speaker 2: Okay, So, one way or another, either drowned in the 158 00:08:54,760 --> 00:08:58,360 Speaker 2: water or trampled or both, Osiris is dead. 159 00:08:58,640 --> 00:09:02,079 Speaker 1: That's right, He's overthrown. He's been murdered. And one way 160 00:09:02,120 --> 00:09:06,520 Speaker 1: or another, Osiris's dead body becomes fragmented, either via a 161 00:09:06,600 --> 00:09:10,560 Speaker 1: deliberate chopping up of his corpse by Seth or possibly 162 00:09:10,640 --> 00:09:14,240 Speaker 1: due to decomposition. In either event, the dead body of 163 00:09:14,240 --> 00:09:18,520 Speaker 1: Osiris becomes divided. Into in some cases fourteen pieces, though 164 00:09:18,559 --> 00:09:22,319 Speaker 1: sometimes it's like forty two pieces. A certain number of 165 00:09:22,400 --> 00:09:28,480 Speaker 1: pieces of the Dead God come into circulation here, and 166 00:09:28,920 --> 00:09:32,800 Speaker 1: I think this varies from something that happens right away again, 167 00:09:32,960 --> 00:09:34,439 Speaker 1: like I've killed you and now I'm going to chop 168 00:09:34,480 --> 00:09:39,040 Speaker 1: you up, to something that Seth does later comes and 169 00:09:39,200 --> 00:09:44,280 Speaker 1: despoils the corpse of Osiris, or something that happens naturally 170 00:09:44,360 --> 00:09:48,160 Speaker 1: later on. In any case, the pieces are either scattered 171 00:09:48,240 --> 00:09:49,240 Speaker 1: or become scattered. 172 00:09:49,600 --> 00:09:52,360 Speaker 2: Okay, So yeah, that's something I don't know if I 173 00:09:52,400 --> 00:09:56,040 Speaker 2: ever understood before. Do the pieces come apart as something 174 00:09:56,120 --> 00:09:58,160 Speaker 2: that his enemy does to him? Is it kind of 175 00:09:58,200 --> 00:10:02,280 Speaker 2: a William Wallace situation or is it more kind of 176 00:10:02,280 --> 00:10:04,600 Speaker 2: a some kind of magical principle at work. 177 00:10:04,960 --> 00:10:08,240 Speaker 1: Yeah. Based on my understanding of the different accounts that 178 00:10:08,280 --> 00:10:10,079 Speaker 1: are looking at here, it looks like it does vary. 179 00:10:11,280 --> 00:10:14,840 Speaker 1: And it also seems to vary whether those pieces stays 180 00:10:15,000 --> 00:10:19,320 Speaker 1: to some degree scattered or are truly brought together. Again, 181 00:10:19,400 --> 00:10:21,280 Speaker 1: I guess it kind of depends on what sort of 182 00:10:21,360 --> 00:10:26,160 Speaker 1: concepts are important to the story. That may make more 183 00:10:26,200 --> 00:10:28,840 Speaker 1: sense when I start talking about specifics here in a minute, 184 00:10:29,280 --> 00:10:31,880 Speaker 1: But in any event, it falls to Isis to gather 185 00:10:32,040 --> 00:10:35,480 Speaker 1: the pieces of the fallen Osiris and seek his resurrection 186 00:10:35,720 --> 00:10:39,559 Speaker 1: via powerful magic, with the aid of Annibus, an underworld 187 00:10:39,600 --> 00:10:42,520 Speaker 1: deity and thought a god of magic who we've also 188 00:10:42,600 --> 00:10:46,400 Speaker 1: talked about on the show before. Now Isis herself was 189 00:10:46,480 --> 00:10:50,360 Speaker 1: the mother and throne goddess, so each Egyptian king is 190 00:10:50,440 --> 00:10:53,160 Speaker 1: her child. It falls to her to find and gather 191 00:10:53,320 --> 00:10:56,960 Speaker 1: the pieces of slain Osiris, to assemble him and hold 192 00:10:57,000 --> 00:11:00,880 Speaker 1: a long vigil over the corpse along with their sister Nephthus, 193 00:11:01,360 --> 00:11:04,439 Speaker 1: and they use a spoken magic, Pinch says, to drive 194 00:11:04,520 --> 00:11:07,200 Speaker 1: away Seth the disturber. So I guess there's this idea 195 00:11:07,240 --> 00:11:09,280 Speaker 1: that even as they are trying to bring him back, 196 00:11:09,640 --> 00:11:12,480 Speaker 1: Seth is trying to disrupt their attempt. 197 00:11:12,600 --> 00:11:17,120 Speaker 2: Almost like a scavenger or predatory animal circling. Yeah. 198 00:11:17,360 --> 00:11:22,000 Speaker 1: Now, during this reassembly Osiris is he's described by Pinch 199 00:11:22,040 --> 00:11:25,400 Speaker 1: as the inert one. So all of the pieces of 200 00:11:25,440 --> 00:11:28,920 Speaker 1: Osiris are either in teared together or assembled into a 201 00:11:28,960 --> 00:11:33,880 Speaker 1: hole except for his fallas. And remember again that Osiris 202 00:11:33,960 --> 00:11:37,560 Speaker 1: is also a god of fertility, and by this fallus 203 00:11:37,679 --> 00:11:40,440 Speaker 1: or depending on the story, by a flash of divine fire, 204 00:11:41,679 --> 00:11:45,920 Speaker 1: whatever the case isis becomes pregnant with the Sun by 205 00:11:46,000 --> 00:11:50,320 Speaker 1: the deceased God, and this Sun is going to be Horace, 206 00:11:51,080 --> 00:11:55,080 Speaker 1: the Sun destined to overcome Seth. So she raises Horace 207 00:11:55,120 --> 00:11:57,360 Speaker 1: in the marshes. She has to raise him in safety 208 00:11:57,400 --> 00:12:00,160 Speaker 1: and secrecy until he is old enough to challenge his 209 00:12:00,200 --> 00:12:04,520 Speaker 1: father's usurper, which he does. He defeats Seth and he 210 00:12:04,559 --> 00:12:05,760 Speaker 1: becomes the new ruler. 211 00:12:06,160 --> 00:12:07,840 Speaker 2: Now, I think you're going to get into this in 212 00:12:07,880 --> 00:12:10,200 Speaker 2: a minute, but that part of the myth is important 213 00:12:10,200 --> 00:12:14,120 Speaker 2: because this will come to have a great significance for 214 00:12:14,240 --> 00:12:17,960 Speaker 2: the succession in the real world of divine kingship as 215 00:12:18,000 --> 00:12:19,160 Speaker 2: a concept in Egypt. 216 00:12:19,679 --> 00:12:24,679 Speaker 1: Right now, Another interesting part here is that despite Osiris's 217 00:12:24,679 --> 00:12:29,839 Speaker 1: connection with the concept of resurrection by many definitions or 218 00:12:29,880 --> 00:12:32,760 Speaker 1: in certainly sort of modern interpretations and I guess like 219 00:12:32,840 --> 00:12:36,560 Speaker 1: dungeons and dragons to interpretations, he is not truly resurrected 220 00:12:36,600 --> 00:12:39,720 Speaker 1: at this point. He does not become a living flesh again. 221 00:12:39,840 --> 00:12:42,679 Speaker 1: He is not resurrected into this world. 222 00:12:42,800 --> 00:12:44,959 Speaker 2: Right and this will be an important point of contention 223 00:12:45,160 --> 00:12:47,120 Speaker 2: for a question that I think we're going to get 224 00:12:47,120 --> 00:12:51,400 Speaker 2: into in part two of this series about the concept 225 00:12:51,440 --> 00:12:55,560 Speaker 2: of resurrection in ancient religions. But yeah, Osiris is not 226 00:12:55,760 --> 00:12:59,120 Speaker 2: thought to be raised back to the form and the 227 00:12:59,160 --> 00:13:03,000 Speaker 2: place where he originally lived. There is a instead, he 228 00:13:03,120 --> 00:13:05,760 Speaker 2: goes on living, but it is in a new form 229 00:13:05,960 --> 00:13:07,920 Speaker 2: in a new world. There is in a sense a 230 00:13:08,000 --> 00:13:09,079 Speaker 2: new Osiris. 231 00:13:09,440 --> 00:13:12,760 Speaker 1: That's right. So basically, the higher powers and other powers 232 00:13:12,800 --> 00:13:15,960 Speaker 1: of note here decide that okay, Osiris, you were just, 233 00:13:16,360 --> 00:13:20,280 Speaker 1: but your death was not just. So therefore he's permitted 234 00:13:20,280 --> 00:13:23,280 Speaker 1: to leave his now mummified body and become the Lord 235 00:13:23,280 --> 00:13:26,240 Speaker 1: of the dead in the afterlife, the judge and ruler 236 00:13:26,520 --> 00:13:28,720 Speaker 1: of the kingdom of the dead. And it seems like 237 00:13:28,760 --> 00:13:32,360 Speaker 1: a pretty cool gig to have a Pinch points out that. 238 00:13:33,800 --> 00:13:34,120 Speaker 2: Quote. 239 00:13:34,120 --> 00:13:36,520 Speaker 1: At all periods. There are a few texts that describe 240 00:13:36,559 --> 00:13:40,720 Speaker 1: Osiris as a terrifying figure who dispatches demon messengers to 241 00:13:40,800 --> 00:13:43,520 Speaker 1: drag the living into the gloomy realm of the dead. 242 00:13:44,120 --> 00:13:47,840 Speaker 1: So inert but not powerless by any means, and he 243 00:13:47,960 --> 00:13:50,800 Speaker 1: is just. He is an appropriate judge. He said to 244 00:13:50,880 --> 00:13:54,320 Speaker 1: rule over the dead as when enifer, which either means 245 00:13:54,400 --> 00:13:57,640 Speaker 1: the one whose body did not decay, and we see 246 00:13:57,640 --> 00:14:01,160 Speaker 1: that again his connection to mummification and rites vocation, though 247 00:14:01,200 --> 00:14:03,560 Speaker 1: I think it's also according to Pinch, sometimes translated as 248 00:14:03,600 --> 00:14:07,400 Speaker 1: the beneficent one. Uh. This was also apparently the title 249 00:14:07,760 --> 00:14:11,800 Speaker 1: for the high priest of Osiris in you know, religious traditions. 250 00:14:22,040 --> 00:14:26,400 Speaker 1: These are like the basic core myths concerning Osiris to consider, 251 00:14:26,840 --> 00:14:29,200 Speaker 1: but you know, we always go deeper than that, Like 252 00:14:29,240 --> 00:14:30,880 Speaker 1: what are we to make of these myths? What do 253 00:14:30,920 --> 00:14:34,040 Speaker 1: people think they meant? What did they signify? Why did 254 00:14:34,040 --> 00:14:39,200 Speaker 1: they have such you know, cultural significance. And again we 255 00:14:39,280 --> 00:14:43,480 Speaker 1: have to realize that understandings and interpretations change over time. 256 00:14:44,400 --> 00:14:47,680 Speaker 1: Middle Kingdom rituals seem to associate the body of Osiris 257 00:14:47,720 --> 00:14:52,000 Speaker 1: with barley and the trampling seth. Again, remember the trampling 258 00:14:52,080 --> 00:14:56,160 Speaker 1: being part of the murder of Osiris. Uh, there seems 259 00:14:56,200 --> 00:14:59,040 Speaker 1: to be a strong case for associating that trampling with 260 00:14:59,120 --> 00:15:04,200 Speaker 1: the donkeys that would thresh the grain via trampling, thus 261 00:15:04,320 --> 00:15:08,160 Speaker 1: linking his death and resurrection in this earliest known example 262 00:15:08,360 --> 00:15:10,720 Speaker 1: to the cyclical reaping and sowing of crops. 263 00:15:11,080 --> 00:15:15,080 Speaker 2: Yes, and again asterisk on the word resurrection there. But 264 00:15:15,360 --> 00:15:18,520 Speaker 2: you know, it's an interesting thing how people often do 265 00:15:18,640 --> 00:15:24,120 Speaker 2: associate religious ideas of resurrection with the cycles of life, 266 00:15:24,320 --> 00:15:26,920 Speaker 2: in the cycles of plant life in the seasons. But 267 00:15:27,000 --> 00:15:29,680 Speaker 2: when you were talking about donkeys threshing grain. You know, 268 00:15:29,760 --> 00:15:33,120 Speaker 2: I made another kind of association there, which is that 269 00:15:33,200 --> 00:15:36,440 Speaker 2: the grain begins as something that is from the living plant, 270 00:15:36,800 --> 00:15:40,880 Speaker 2: but then when it is is put through agricultural processing, 271 00:15:41,320 --> 00:15:43,560 Speaker 2: it is in a way reborn, and it doesn't go 272 00:15:43,640 --> 00:15:46,360 Speaker 2: on to live again as a plant, but instead it 273 00:15:46,520 --> 00:15:49,440 Speaker 2: goes on to live in a different way. It becomes 274 00:15:49,440 --> 00:15:52,400 Speaker 2: something else, which is grain and ultimately food. 275 00:15:53,040 --> 00:15:57,560 Speaker 1: Yeah, these different sort of phase changes occur. It has 276 00:15:57,600 --> 00:16:00,280 Speaker 1: also pointed out that you would have these i the 277 00:16:00,360 --> 00:16:04,080 Speaker 1: phallic figures of Osiris that would would be planted with crops, 278 00:16:04,600 --> 00:16:08,440 Speaker 1: so they would have like a representation of the god 279 00:16:08,640 --> 00:16:12,320 Speaker 1: planted with the the grains planted with the seeds that 280 00:16:12,600 --> 00:16:14,560 Speaker 1: you know, that would that would help enable everything to 281 00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:16,080 Speaker 1: grow into its next form. 282 00:16:16,480 --> 00:16:19,360 Speaker 2: If if phallic, does that mean that's a representation of 283 00:16:19,400 --> 00:16:20,400 Speaker 2: the God with an erection? 284 00:16:22,000 --> 00:16:26,040 Speaker 1: Yes, that's the literal. Different definition though. I was looking 285 00:16:26,040 --> 00:16:28,040 Speaker 1: at an image of one of these figures in the 286 00:16:28,080 --> 00:16:31,960 Speaker 1: British Museum's website and and I'm not sure that that's 287 00:16:32,000 --> 00:16:36,400 Speaker 1: really as pronounced in this image, but but that is 288 00:16:36,480 --> 00:16:38,040 Speaker 1: that is all. That's how it's classified. 289 00:16:38,360 --> 00:16:39,560 Speaker 2: Oh wait, I see it. 290 00:16:40,640 --> 00:16:45,120 Speaker 1: Well, it's well compared to it's not as it's not 291 00:16:45,240 --> 00:16:47,880 Speaker 1: as as obvious as one might expect. 292 00:16:48,280 --> 00:16:50,600 Speaker 2: Yeah, it's certainly not as obvious as you might see. 293 00:16:50,600 --> 00:16:54,920 Speaker 2: And like some other statuary from the ancient world. 294 00:16:54,680 --> 00:16:57,880 Speaker 1: Well, I assume the thing is Osiris is wrapped in bandages, 295 00:16:57,960 --> 00:16:59,960 Speaker 1: so it's like it's he's not naked. 296 00:17:00,400 --> 00:17:01,600 Speaker 2: I get you. Now. 297 00:17:01,640 --> 00:17:04,200 Speaker 1: There were also New Kingdom period traditions that link o 298 00:17:04,320 --> 00:17:08,600 Speaker 1: Cyrus to water, with all the liquids of his putrefying 299 00:17:08,640 --> 00:17:11,840 Speaker 1: body being linked to the annual inundation of the Nile, 300 00:17:12,560 --> 00:17:15,639 Speaker 1: and not necessarily just putrefying liquids, like you know, just 301 00:17:15,760 --> 00:17:19,160 Speaker 1: the various liquids of the body, but also like putrification 302 00:17:19,320 --> 00:17:21,439 Speaker 1: liquids thrown in there. So I don't want to make 303 00:17:21,480 --> 00:17:24,320 Speaker 1: it sound like it's all gross or anything. And at 304 00:17:24,400 --> 00:17:27,120 Speaker 1: least one tradition holding that his body parts are buried 305 00:17:27,160 --> 00:17:29,840 Speaker 1: at scattered sites throughout Egypt and the tomb of the 306 00:17:29,920 --> 00:17:33,040 Speaker 1: left Leg on the Nile island of Baiga. I've also 307 00:17:33,080 --> 00:17:37,240 Speaker 1: seen this place referred to simply as the tomb of Osyrius. Anyway, 308 00:17:37,280 --> 00:17:39,960 Speaker 1: different traditions hold that this is the source of the inundation. 309 00:17:40,600 --> 00:17:43,439 Speaker 1: Now I'm thinking about the underworld and the cosmos of 310 00:17:43,480 --> 00:17:45,719 Speaker 1: the ancient Egyptians, which I think on one hand it's 311 00:17:45,760 --> 00:17:48,119 Speaker 1: easy to think of that, Okay, these are the worlds 312 00:17:48,119 --> 00:17:52,879 Speaker 1: beyond our world, but also they're kind of tied to 313 00:17:52,880 --> 00:17:55,720 Speaker 1: to what is seen and what is not seen but 314 00:17:56,000 --> 00:18:01,160 Speaker 1: kind of implied, and they The one area I want 315 00:18:01,160 --> 00:18:03,400 Speaker 1: to touch on here is the idea of the sun barge, 316 00:18:03,520 --> 00:18:07,840 Speaker 1: the manget, the boat of millions of years that travels 317 00:18:07,840 --> 00:18:11,120 Speaker 1: through the sky with the sun and then down each 318 00:18:11,320 --> 00:18:15,159 Speaker 1: night over the horizon and then through the underworld to 319 00:18:15,280 --> 00:18:17,120 Speaker 1: emerge once more on the other side. And of course 320 00:18:17,160 --> 00:18:19,760 Speaker 1: there's there's fighting that takes place. It is like a 321 00:18:19,840 --> 00:18:22,119 Speaker 1: kind of a it's a perilous journey for the sun 322 00:18:22,600 --> 00:18:26,720 Speaker 1: through the underworld to come back again when the sun rises. 323 00:18:26,920 --> 00:18:29,840 Speaker 2: Yeah, it's a whole quest. It's a whole quest line. 324 00:18:29,640 --> 00:18:32,159 Speaker 1: Yeah, which is which is at once again very epic 325 00:18:32,200 --> 00:18:36,000 Speaker 1: and otherworldly, but also tied directly to what we observe 326 00:18:36,560 --> 00:18:38,840 Speaker 1: occurring with the sun. Like the sun goes here and 327 00:18:38,880 --> 00:18:42,200 Speaker 1: then it goes under seemingly and comes back. What's going 328 00:18:42,240 --> 00:18:44,399 Speaker 1: on there? And then we have this mythic extrapolation of that. 329 00:18:45,080 --> 00:18:46,960 Speaker 1: But according to Pinch. 330 00:18:47,119 --> 00:18:48,920 Speaker 2: It's singing somewhere over the rainbow. 331 00:18:50,000 --> 00:18:53,040 Speaker 1: According to Pinch, the New Kingdom under and the New 332 00:18:53,119 --> 00:18:56,600 Speaker 1: Kingdom Underworld books specify that during the darkest hour of 333 00:18:56,640 --> 00:19:01,200 Speaker 1: the night, the god that is is driving the sun 334 00:19:01,280 --> 00:19:06,760 Speaker 1: barge ray or raw passes through the underworld chamber where 335 00:19:06,760 --> 00:19:10,400 Speaker 1: the body of Osiris rests, and in this moment may 336 00:19:10,440 --> 00:19:14,040 Speaker 1: become one soul, and this allows Osyrus and all the 337 00:19:14,119 --> 00:19:17,679 Speaker 1: dead to live again. So, now that we've established some 338 00:19:17,720 --> 00:19:22,400 Speaker 1: of the basics about this underworld fertility god, I wanted 339 00:19:22,400 --> 00:19:25,320 Speaker 1: to get into the cult of Osiris a bit more. Again, 340 00:19:25,400 --> 00:19:28,320 Speaker 1: we don't know exactly when, where or how Osiris was 341 00:19:28,359 --> 00:19:31,720 Speaker 1: first worshiped, or indeed the earliest form or forms that 342 00:19:31,760 --> 00:19:35,720 Speaker 1: he took in these ancient Egyptian belief systems, but over 343 00:19:35,800 --> 00:19:38,520 Speaker 1: time he becomes vitally linked with the cycle of life 344 00:19:38,600 --> 00:19:42,960 Speaker 1: and death, with crops, with the inundation, with mummification, and 345 00:19:43,040 --> 00:19:44,320 Speaker 1: the promise of resurrection. 346 00:19:45,000 --> 00:19:47,359 Speaker 2: And just a note on terminology. When we talk about 347 00:19:47,359 --> 00:19:50,720 Speaker 2: things like the cult of Osiris, cult in that sense 348 00:19:50,760 --> 00:19:53,359 Speaker 2: does not have the negative connotations that cult has in 349 00:19:53,400 --> 00:19:55,280 Speaker 2: the modern world. That's just the term you use for 350 00:19:55,600 --> 00:19:58,920 Speaker 2: any any group in the ancient world that is devoted 351 00:19:58,960 --> 00:20:00,560 Speaker 2: to the care and worship of a god. 352 00:20:01,600 --> 00:20:03,800 Speaker 1: Now, one topic that I was really taken with was 353 00:20:04,000 --> 00:20:08,200 Speaker 1: discussion of the popularity of Osiris, and to a certain extent, 354 00:20:08,240 --> 00:20:12,000 Speaker 1: the overall popularity of the ancient Egyptian religion, because, on 355 00:20:12,000 --> 00:20:14,679 Speaker 1: one hand, I don't remember where I read this, but 356 00:20:14,720 --> 00:20:19,040 Speaker 1: I know I've read commentary that the ancient Egyptian religion 357 00:20:19,600 --> 00:20:23,119 Speaker 1: was something very much all of the desert of this 358 00:20:23,320 --> 00:20:26,800 Speaker 1: nile nourished region and something that just did not travel 359 00:20:26,840 --> 00:20:29,720 Speaker 1: well and was not picked up by other cultures in 360 00:20:29,760 --> 00:20:33,639 Speaker 1: a meaningful deeper way. But on the other hand, the 361 00:20:33,680 --> 00:20:37,520 Speaker 1: trappings of ancient Egypt clearly have fascinated other cultures for 362 00:20:37,560 --> 00:20:41,720 Speaker 1: an exceedingly long period of time, often in these waves 363 00:20:41,760 --> 00:20:46,000 Speaker 1: of Egyptomania, as it's sometimes termed. So I really wanted 364 00:20:46,000 --> 00:20:48,560 Speaker 1: to get into this latter idea a bit more so. 365 00:20:48,600 --> 00:20:51,720 Speaker 1: I turned to various sections dealing with Osiris in the 366 00:20:51,760 --> 00:20:56,399 Speaker 1: excellent twenty sixteen book Egyptomania, A History of Fascination, Obsession, 367 00:20:56,480 --> 00:20:58,680 Speaker 1: and Fantasy by Ronald H. 368 00:20:59,119 --> 00:20:59,520 Speaker 2: Fritz. 369 00:21:00,080 --> 00:21:05,080 Speaker 1: Okay, so Fritz mentions that the aforementioned pyramid texts from 370 00:21:05,119 --> 00:21:08,320 Speaker 1: more than four thousand years ago refer to differing ideas 371 00:21:08,320 --> 00:21:11,720 Speaker 1: about life and death but also they bring up the 372 00:21:11,840 --> 00:21:16,879 Speaker 1: rising popularity of Osiris within the pantheon, and I was 373 00:21:16,920 --> 00:21:19,159 Speaker 1: thinking about this as well. This is I think this 374 00:21:19,200 --> 00:21:21,920 Speaker 1: is something interesting to observe in religion, that it's mostly 375 00:21:21,960 --> 00:21:25,280 Speaker 1: within these polytheistic traditions that you really get to see 376 00:21:25,840 --> 00:21:27,800 Speaker 1: or in the and or imagine this idea of the 377 00:21:27,880 --> 00:21:32,080 Speaker 1: rise and fall of particular gods and goddesses, as well 378 00:21:32,119 --> 00:21:35,920 Speaker 1: as the more like straightforward adoption of foreign originating gods 379 00:21:36,600 --> 00:21:40,000 Speaker 1: into a given pantheon. You know, we've discussed examples of 380 00:21:40,040 --> 00:21:44,000 Speaker 1: this before, but there's not there's either no room for 381 00:21:44,040 --> 00:21:47,040 Speaker 1: this or not as much room for this in monotheistic traditions. 382 00:21:47,520 --> 00:21:49,920 Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean, I guess it depends on the specific 383 00:21:49,960 --> 00:21:53,240 Speaker 2: monotheistic religion, but yes, like growing up a lot of people, 384 00:21:53,600 --> 00:21:55,720 Speaker 2: this is another one of the many ways that if 385 00:21:55,760 --> 00:21:58,080 Speaker 2: you grow up in a certain religious context, you might 386 00:21:58,200 --> 00:22:01,680 Speaker 2: just assume that all religions are similar to your religion. 387 00:22:01,760 --> 00:22:04,480 Speaker 2: So like growing up in a Christian context, I think 388 00:22:04,520 --> 00:22:08,119 Speaker 2: a lot of people think that all religions have a 389 00:22:08,200 --> 00:22:11,520 Speaker 2: quote jealous God, like the like the Abrahamic faiths. Do 390 00:22:11,720 --> 00:22:13,600 Speaker 2: you know a God who says you shall worship me 391 00:22:13,720 --> 00:22:17,080 Speaker 2: and me alone? And there's basically one right way to 392 00:22:17,160 --> 00:22:19,680 Speaker 2: have a religion, and it's it's the one you've got, 393 00:22:20,160 --> 00:22:23,320 Speaker 2: whereas with a lot of polytheistic religions it's it's much 394 00:22:23,359 --> 00:22:27,160 Speaker 2: more free form. You know that you can add gods 395 00:22:27,200 --> 00:22:29,399 Speaker 2: on to the list of gods that you worship, you 396 00:22:29,440 --> 00:22:31,960 Speaker 2: can remove gods, you can sort of like just shift 397 00:22:32,000 --> 00:22:35,680 Speaker 2: your focus wherever you think it is best. And that 398 00:22:36,000 --> 00:22:38,879 Speaker 2: doesn't compute. Like a lot of Christians look back on 399 00:22:39,320 --> 00:22:42,399 Speaker 2: the pagan context of the Roman Empire, say, and they 400 00:22:42,400 --> 00:22:46,359 Speaker 2: don't realize that. Like when you would be preaching about 401 00:22:46,480 --> 00:22:49,919 Speaker 2: Jesus to Roman pagans, to a lot of them, they 402 00:22:50,000 --> 00:22:52,040 Speaker 2: just be hearing about this is well, this is another god. 403 00:22:52,080 --> 00:22:55,240 Speaker 2: You know, I've got Apollo, and I've got Jupiter and 404 00:22:55,280 --> 00:22:58,000 Speaker 2: these other gods that I worship, and here somebody's talking 405 00:22:58,000 --> 00:23:01,040 Speaker 2: about a new one. Oh, except this is weird. They're 406 00:23:01,080 --> 00:23:03,159 Speaker 2: telling me that if I worship this new one, if 407 00:23:03,200 --> 00:23:06,400 Speaker 2: I worship Christ, I can't worship any of the others anymore. 408 00:23:06,720 --> 00:23:08,600 Speaker 2: That would be weird and different. 409 00:23:09,080 --> 00:23:11,520 Speaker 1: Yeah, it's like downloading apps for your phone, right, Like, 410 00:23:11,600 --> 00:23:13,600 Speaker 1: what's this one due? This is a new one? Sounds useful. 411 00:23:13,640 --> 00:23:15,840 Speaker 1: I'll get it too. Whoa, this one says, I can't 412 00:23:15,880 --> 00:23:18,040 Speaker 1: use any other apps. I've just I've got to use 413 00:23:18,080 --> 00:23:22,360 Speaker 1: this one universal app for everything. Yeah, does it work? 414 00:23:22,440 --> 00:23:24,920 Speaker 1: Is what it sounds like. If it's promises to do everything, 415 00:23:25,040 --> 00:23:28,120 Speaker 1: it probably doesn't do them as well as these specialized 416 00:23:28,119 --> 00:23:29,400 Speaker 1: apps that I already had. 417 00:23:29,720 --> 00:23:32,160 Speaker 2: But to come back to your your original example, Yeah, 418 00:23:32,240 --> 00:23:34,280 Speaker 2: sort of the rise and fall in the popularity of 419 00:23:34,359 --> 00:23:38,480 Speaker 2: various gods within these polytheistic pantheons, where you can believe 420 00:23:38,480 --> 00:23:40,960 Speaker 2: in multiple gods and devote whatever time and care you 421 00:23:41,000 --> 00:23:44,399 Speaker 2: think is appropriate to each one of them. I guess, 422 00:23:44,920 --> 00:23:48,360 Speaker 2: you know, the institution of a monotheistic faith like Christianity 423 00:23:48,440 --> 00:23:51,080 Speaker 2: would be an outlier there where it's like suddenly you 424 00:23:51,440 --> 00:23:53,760 Speaker 2: pick that, you pick the new God, the Christ, and 425 00:23:53,800 --> 00:23:56,199 Speaker 2: you can't believe in any of the others anymore. That 426 00:23:56,240 --> 00:23:58,560 Speaker 2: one goes right to the top. But with the others, Yeah, 427 00:23:58,560 --> 00:24:00,800 Speaker 2: you do get to see these fluctuations over time. 428 00:24:01,080 --> 00:24:03,119 Speaker 1: Yeah, like some of the Christian examples we've looked at 429 00:24:03,160 --> 00:24:05,639 Speaker 1: in the past, it's like, oh, your God, actually it 430 00:24:05,680 --> 00:24:07,840 Speaker 1: can be part of this religion. But I'm sorry they're 431 00:24:07,840 --> 00:24:12,240 Speaker 1: a demon now, Yeah, the demons were rebel angels that 432 00:24:12,320 --> 00:24:14,640 Speaker 1: our God defeated. So but yeah, we can work them 433 00:24:14,680 --> 00:24:18,080 Speaker 1: in as that. But then again I was thinking about this, 434 00:24:18,160 --> 00:24:20,879 Speaker 1: it's like, well, well, we've also looked at examples where, 435 00:24:21,480 --> 00:24:26,600 Speaker 1: you know, in various Greek myths where something that was 436 00:24:26,680 --> 00:24:29,880 Speaker 1: once a deity for a particular time in place then 437 00:24:29,960 --> 00:24:33,000 Speaker 1: later on becomes more of a supporting character or a 438 00:24:33,040 --> 00:24:36,399 Speaker 1: monster or something to that effect. So it's something that 439 00:24:36,440 --> 00:24:38,879 Speaker 1: takes place just in general, I guess, and is not 440 00:24:38,960 --> 00:24:43,080 Speaker 1: particular to monotheistic or polytheistic one way. I kept thinking 441 00:24:43,119 --> 00:24:44,639 Speaker 1: of those kind of like if you had like a 442 00:24:44,680 --> 00:24:49,040 Speaker 1: stock ticker for belief, you know, it's like polytheism, you 443 00:24:49,080 --> 00:24:50,800 Speaker 1: have a lot of different stocks that are going up 444 00:24:50,840 --> 00:24:53,600 Speaker 1: and down, but under monotheism, like you're supposed to just 445 00:24:53,640 --> 00:24:57,440 Speaker 1: have the one stock. Yeah, and you're either all invested 446 00:24:57,480 --> 00:24:59,720 Speaker 1: in that or people are falling out of interest of that. 447 00:25:00,920 --> 00:25:03,359 Speaker 1: I don't know. It's not a perfect way of thinking 448 00:25:03,440 --> 00:25:07,399 Speaker 1: about it, but it does seem like, certainly with the 449 00:25:07,440 --> 00:25:11,720 Speaker 1: polytheistic religions of the Greeks and the Romans, there is 450 00:25:11,760 --> 00:25:15,200 Speaker 1: a lot more openness to hey, there's a new god 451 00:25:15,280 --> 00:25:19,280 Speaker 1: this other country has. Let's take a look at. Let's 452 00:25:19,280 --> 00:25:21,440 Speaker 1: see what worshiping this god is like, what's going to this. 453 00:25:21,359 --> 00:25:24,280 Speaker 2: Cult Like, yeah, yeah, there's a lot of just absorption 454 00:25:24,480 --> 00:25:27,440 Speaker 2: of other figures. One example that I was just reading 455 00:25:27,440 --> 00:25:29,400 Speaker 2: about earlier today again, I think we're going to talk 456 00:25:29,400 --> 00:25:32,040 Speaker 2: about this more in the second episode, is there's a 457 00:25:32,160 --> 00:25:35,199 Speaker 2: Greek figure sometimes referred to as a god. He was 458 00:25:35,200 --> 00:25:38,879 Speaker 2: like a mortal lover of Aphrodite named Adonis, who is 459 00:25:39,000 --> 00:25:42,960 Speaker 2: very much thought to have been derived from from other deities, 460 00:25:43,119 --> 00:25:48,760 Speaker 2: other ancient Near Eastern deities like Mesopotamian agriculture gods such 461 00:25:48,800 --> 00:25:54,080 Speaker 2: as Tammuz or DEMUSI. So it's just here, here's a 462 00:25:54,119 --> 00:25:56,560 Speaker 2: cult figure from one part of the world is absorbed 463 00:25:56,600 --> 00:25:59,439 Speaker 2: into the number of gods believed in in a different 464 00:25:59,440 --> 00:26:00,160 Speaker 2: part of the world. 465 00:26:00,560 --> 00:26:02,040 Speaker 1: I just want to add a quick note since we 466 00:26:02,080 --> 00:26:05,320 Speaker 1: are talking at least briefly here about monotheism and polytheism, 467 00:26:05,440 --> 00:26:08,240 Speaker 1: and in an episode that deals with ancient Egyptian religion, 468 00:26:08,520 --> 00:26:10,560 Speaker 1: where we're not going to have time to get into 469 00:26:10,600 --> 00:26:14,080 Speaker 1: discussion of at and Autanism here. But of course that 470 00:26:14,119 --> 00:26:16,280 Speaker 1: has been like a discussion I think we've touched on 471 00:26:16,320 --> 00:26:19,760 Speaker 1: in the past. Where as some experts agree or disagree 472 00:26:19,800 --> 00:26:25,040 Speaker 1: on whether Autanism is truly a monotheistic religion or should 473 00:26:25,040 --> 00:26:28,080 Speaker 1: be thought of as such. So that's a whole different 474 00:26:28,359 --> 00:26:29,600 Speaker 1: subject for another time. 475 00:26:30,320 --> 00:26:33,399 Speaker 2: The short version is one ancient Egyptian king tried to 476 00:26:33,440 --> 00:26:37,719 Speaker 2: elevate a particular deity from the Egyptian pantheon above all 477 00:26:37,760 --> 00:26:42,400 Speaker 2: others and make that the exclusive focus of state worship. 478 00:26:43,160 --> 00:26:45,240 Speaker 2: But yeah, you can read more about that if you 479 00:26:45,280 --> 00:26:46,040 Speaker 2: go look up Auten. 480 00:26:46,240 --> 00:26:49,280 Speaker 1: Yeah, and basically after that king's death, everyone's like, well, 481 00:26:49,359 --> 00:26:50,800 Speaker 1: let's go back to the other thing we were telling 482 00:26:51,240 --> 00:26:53,480 Speaker 1: where maybe not as into the sun disc as we 483 00:26:53,480 --> 00:27:06,879 Speaker 1: were pretending to be anyway, back to o Cyrus here. So, 484 00:27:07,080 --> 00:27:10,640 Speaker 1: Fritz writes that the Old Kingdom, so this is roughly 485 00:27:11,080 --> 00:27:14,719 Speaker 1: twenty seven hundred to twenty two hundred BCE, was more rigid, 486 00:27:14,880 --> 00:27:17,919 Speaker 1: was more formal, but that the Middle Kingdom to follow, 487 00:27:18,080 --> 00:27:22,080 Speaker 1: also known as the Period of Reunification from twenty forty 488 00:27:22,320 --> 00:27:26,200 Speaker 1: to seventeen eighty two BC, it was more balance, more sympathetic. 489 00:27:26,480 --> 00:27:29,119 Speaker 1: There's greater literacy, there was more of a melding of 490 00:27:29,119 --> 00:27:32,159 Speaker 1: sort of high mythology and the folklore of the people, 491 00:27:32,600 --> 00:27:35,040 Speaker 1: and the rulers of this period promoted the worship of 492 00:27:35,040 --> 00:27:40,400 Speaker 1: Osiris and the cult s emphasis on resurrection, and the afterlife. Now, 493 00:27:40,480 --> 00:27:43,080 Speaker 1: I think it's easy to take this last bit for granted, 494 00:27:44,440 --> 00:27:47,399 Speaker 1: because if you adhere to a religion, or you're closely 495 00:27:47,440 --> 00:27:50,679 Speaker 1: aligned with one or one or more religions via your culture, 496 00:27:50,760 --> 00:27:54,320 Speaker 1: your upbringing, or just your general interests, then the continuation 497 00:27:54,400 --> 00:27:57,639 Speaker 1: of the soul is not a radical concept. It's like 498 00:27:57,680 --> 00:28:00,680 Speaker 1: it's it's hard to put yourself in a mindset where 499 00:28:00,720 --> 00:28:03,879 Speaker 1: someone is coming at you with some radically new concept 500 00:28:04,240 --> 00:28:07,639 Speaker 1: of religious continuation of the soul, of some sort of 501 00:28:07,640 --> 00:28:10,879 Speaker 1: immortality of the soul, someone saying, hey, guess what, you 502 00:28:10,920 --> 00:28:13,000 Speaker 1: know that part of you that feels special inside your 503 00:28:13,000 --> 00:28:15,960 Speaker 1: consciousness and heart and all of that. What if that 504 00:28:16,040 --> 00:28:19,439 Speaker 1: doesn't have to be annihilated when you die? And I 505 00:28:19,480 --> 00:28:22,000 Speaker 1: have to stress I say this as someone who was 506 00:28:22,200 --> 00:28:26,760 Speaker 1: raised in a Protestant church that even now sometimes for 507 00:28:26,800 --> 00:28:30,480 Speaker 1: me it's more challenging to exercise or entertain a worldview 508 00:28:30,520 --> 00:28:33,960 Speaker 1: in which there is no continuation of the human soul 509 00:28:34,040 --> 00:28:37,080 Speaker 1: after death. And that's regardless of logic or reason. It's 510 00:28:37,160 --> 00:28:39,400 Speaker 1: just such a huge part of not only the Christian 511 00:28:39,440 --> 00:28:43,440 Speaker 1: worldview view but also the mainstream worldview that of course 512 00:28:43,760 --> 00:28:47,000 Speaker 1: what we have is special, and that somehow it continues 513 00:28:47,000 --> 00:28:50,240 Speaker 1: on in one form or another, either directly aligned with 514 00:28:50,320 --> 00:28:52,680 Speaker 1: some sort of belief system or just you know, in 515 00:28:52,720 --> 00:28:55,800 Speaker 1: sort of the general pop culture sense of like spirits 516 00:28:55,800 --> 00:28:58,840 Speaker 1: and angels and like there's just something that must live 517 00:28:58,880 --> 00:29:02,240 Speaker 1: on after we die in our physical bodies. And there's 518 00:29:02,280 --> 00:29:04,560 Speaker 1: nothing wrong with that concept, I think, at least just 519 00:29:04,560 --> 00:29:06,520 Speaker 1: when it's employed in a way that gives us hope 520 00:29:06,520 --> 00:29:08,760 Speaker 1: and peace, though of course it can also be used 521 00:29:08,760 --> 00:29:12,000 Speaker 1: for opposite aims. But to bring us back to this 522 00:29:12,920 --> 00:29:15,520 Speaker 1: period in which like the cult of Osiris is rising 523 00:29:15,560 --> 00:29:18,400 Speaker 1: and it's becoming more and more popular, imagine a religious 524 00:29:18,400 --> 00:29:22,800 Speaker 1: world and a worldview in which the afterlife is largely unavailable. 525 00:29:23,080 --> 00:29:26,800 Speaker 1: It exists, but it's not for the common people. It 526 00:29:26,840 --> 00:29:30,240 Speaker 1: is not for most people. It is for a very 527 00:29:30,280 --> 00:29:33,400 Speaker 1: small percentage of people. It is like the equivalent of 528 00:29:33,600 --> 00:29:38,360 Speaker 1: like extreme opulent wealth in our world, you know, like 529 00:29:38,440 --> 00:29:43,719 Speaker 1: it is the SuperMansion with the apocalypse bunker. You know, 530 00:29:44,680 --> 00:29:48,520 Speaker 1: this is only for a very small, very slender portion 531 00:29:48,640 --> 00:29:51,680 Speaker 1: of society. It is not for you. But during the 532 00:29:51,680 --> 00:29:56,280 Speaker 1: Middle Kingdom you have this ongoing democratization of the afterlife 533 00:29:56,280 --> 00:29:59,760 Speaker 1: where it describes and this was enhanced by the Cult 534 00:29:59,800 --> 00:30:02,719 Speaker 1: of Cyrus. So I want to read a passage from 535 00:30:02,720 --> 00:30:05,880 Speaker 1: Fittzer where he goes through an example of this quote. 536 00:30:06,120 --> 00:30:09,400 Speaker 1: Prior to the Middle Kingdom, Egyptians believed that all people 537 00:30:09,440 --> 00:30:13,040 Speaker 1: possessed a ka, or a soul or life force, but 538 00:30:13,200 --> 00:30:17,520 Speaker 1: only rulers possessed a ba, which was the individual uniqueness 539 00:30:17,560 --> 00:30:21,840 Speaker 1: that constitutes a personality. It required the ka and the 540 00:30:21,920 --> 00:30:24,920 Speaker 1: ba to be kept united or at least in close 541 00:30:24,960 --> 00:30:29,040 Speaker 1: proximity for immortality in the afterlife. When the people of 542 00:30:29,040 --> 00:30:31,440 Speaker 1: the Middle Kingdom came to believe that all humans had 543 00:30:31,440 --> 00:30:35,960 Speaker 1: a ba, they were conceding that everyone could enjoy the 544 00:30:36,000 --> 00:30:40,800 Speaker 1: after life if the proper burial rituals were followed. Yeah, 545 00:30:40,840 --> 00:30:44,280 Speaker 1: so suddenly it's available to everyone who at least can 546 00:30:44,360 --> 00:30:47,560 Speaker 1: undergo the proper rituals. And so you saw certain rituals 547 00:30:47,600 --> 00:30:51,640 Speaker 1: become more popular and are more present in the archaeological record, 548 00:30:51,840 --> 00:30:56,440 Speaker 1: such as the use of shabti statues. They begin to 549 00:30:56,440 --> 00:30:58,880 Speaker 1: appear in more tombs. These would have been like little 550 00:30:58,960 --> 00:31:04,720 Speaker 1: representations of servants, servants that would work for the deceased 551 00:31:04,760 --> 00:31:06,960 Speaker 1: in the afterlife, like this will be buried with you, 552 00:31:07,360 --> 00:31:08,960 Speaker 1: and now you will have a servant to help you 553 00:31:09,280 --> 00:31:11,480 Speaker 1: in the afterlife, this sort of general idea we see 554 00:31:11,480 --> 00:31:15,280 Speaker 1: in various other religions as well. Okay, and so Osiris 555 00:31:15,280 --> 00:31:21,520 Speaker 1: becomes very popular within Egypt. But then eventually the ancient 556 00:31:21,560 --> 00:31:25,040 Speaker 1: Greeks and then the ancient Romans they also get a 557 00:31:25,040 --> 00:31:27,560 Speaker 1: whiff of Osiris and they're like, oh, we would like 558 00:31:27,600 --> 00:31:30,080 Speaker 1: some of that as well. He points out that, yeah, 559 00:31:30,080 --> 00:31:34,360 Speaker 1: the ancient Greeks and Romans were some of the initial egyptomaniacs. 560 00:31:34,880 --> 00:31:38,080 Speaker 1: And while the Greeks found on the whole that the 561 00:31:38,160 --> 00:31:40,920 Speaker 1: religion of the Egyptians was profoundly different from their own, 562 00:31:41,440 --> 00:31:44,400 Speaker 1: they were intrigued by its systems of magic and by it, 563 00:31:44,920 --> 00:31:47,880 Speaker 1: you know, its deities, just as we are intrigued by 564 00:31:47,920 --> 00:31:52,240 Speaker 1: these things today. And they did recognize some fundamental similarities. 565 00:31:52,800 --> 00:31:57,840 Speaker 1: He writes that the Greeks frequently attempted to synchronize the 566 00:31:57,880 --> 00:32:00,880 Speaker 1: gods of other cultures with their own, and they certainly 567 00:32:00,920 --> 00:32:05,200 Speaker 1: did this with the Egyptians. So and actually, for some 568 00:32:06,240 --> 00:32:09,960 Speaker 1: Greek writers, these fundamental similarities were incredibly important. 569 00:32:10,120 --> 00:32:13,160 Speaker 2: Right. So they might say, actually, we're talking about the 570 00:32:13,200 --> 00:32:15,880 Speaker 2: same god when we say this god and they say 571 00:32:15,920 --> 00:32:18,400 Speaker 2: that god. But we just have different names for the 572 00:32:18,400 --> 00:32:19,480 Speaker 2: same one here. 573 00:32:19,560 --> 00:32:21,200 Speaker 1: Right, and they seem to take it even a step 574 00:32:21,520 --> 00:32:24,000 Speaker 1: beyond that, because there's one thing to say, well, you know, 575 00:32:24,080 --> 00:32:26,520 Speaker 1: I have my concept of God and you have yours, 576 00:32:26,520 --> 00:32:28,240 Speaker 1: but we're really on the same you know, we're really 577 00:32:28,280 --> 00:32:32,360 Speaker 1: on the same wavelength. But it's another to say yours 578 00:32:32,400 --> 00:32:34,960 Speaker 1: came first. I'm pretty sure mine's just a knockoff of yours, 579 00:32:35,840 --> 00:32:39,960 Speaker 1: you know, And we kind of see this. According to Fritz, 580 00:32:40,000 --> 00:32:44,720 Speaker 1: so fifth century BC Greek historian Herodotus concluded that knowledge 581 00:32:44,720 --> 00:32:48,800 Speaker 1: of the gods spread from Egyptian origins to the Greeks. 582 00:32:49,200 --> 00:32:51,840 Speaker 1: So it's like, well, the Egyptians discovered the gods first, 583 00:32:52,120 --> 00:32:54,680 Speaker 1: and we just followed. We learned of this from them, 584 00:32:55,280 --> 00:32:58,080 Speaker 1: and anyway, he ends up drawing numerous lines between Greek 585 00:32:58,080 --> 00:33:01,760 Speaker 1: gods and possible Egyptian word origins, though Fritz points out 586 00:33:01,800 --> 00:33:04,280 Speaker 1: that there are clear exceptions to this line of thinking, 587 00:33:04,360 --> 00:33:09,320 Speaker 1: such as Poseidon, who was apparently brought to Greece more 588 00:33:09,400 --> 00:33:13,440 Speaker 1: from the direction of Libya. Still, others made these connections. 589 00:33:13,480 --> 00:33:16,600 Speaker 1: To Plutarch made these connections, so there seems to have 590 00:33:16,640 --> 00:33:19,600 Speaker 1: been at the very least like a recognized heritage in 591 00:33:19,680 --> 00:33:22,880 Speaker 1: all of this. Now that and certainly the Greeks and 592 00:33:22,920 --> 00:33:25,880 Speaker 1: the Romans were particularly taken by not only of Cyrus, 593 00:33:25,880 --> 00:33:30,280 Speaker 1: but also Isis. Here's another bit from Fritz that I 594 00:33:30,320 --> 00:33:31,160 Speaker 1: want to read. 595 00:33:31,480 --> 00:33:31,760 Speaker 2: Quote. 596 00:33:31,800 --> 00:33:35,160 Speaker 1: Although in the modern stereotype the Egyptian religion is depicted 597 00:33:35,200 --> 00:33:39,280 Speaker 1: as mystical, mysterious, and magical, Greek and Roman visitors did 598 00:33:39,280 --> 00:33:43,400 Speaker 1: not see it in this way. Plutarch's staunchly defended Egyptian 599 00:33:43,440 --> 00:33:48,760 Speaker 1: religion as rational and ethical, rather than merely superstitious. Herotogus 600 00:33:48,760 --> 00:33:50,920 Speaker 1: went so far as to credit the Egyptians with the 601 00:33:50,960 --> 00:33:55,520 Speaker 1: invention of the common practices of ancient religion, such as altars, statues, 602 00:33:55,560 --> 00:33:59,000 Speaker 1: and temples dedicated to the various gods. The cult of 603 00:33:59,080 --> 00:34:02,520 Speaker 1: Isis became so populated that it spread throughout the lands 604 00:34:02,800 --> 00:34:05,960 Speaker 1: of the Hellenistic kingdoms and the Roman Empire. 605 00:34:06,360 --> 00:34:10,560 Speaker 2: I mean, first of all, ancient Egypt was simply so ancient, 606 00:34:10,800 --> 00:34:14,760 Speaker 2: like there were there were these remnants of great civilizations 607 00:34:15,239 --> 00:34:18,719 Speaker 2: that had been around for so long. We've mentioned this 608 00:34:18,760 --> 00:34:22,160 Speaker 2: on the show before, but the astounding fact that to 609 00:34:22,560 --> 00:34:27,000 Speaker 2: the Romans, like Plutarch, the you know, the old Kingdom 610 00:34:27,000 --> 00:34:30,600 Speaker 2: of Egypt, the pyramids were older to them than the 611 00:34:30,680 --> 00:34:35,759 Speaker 2: Roman Empire is to us. The distance of history there 612 00:34:35,840 --> 00:34:40,399 Speaker 2: is is crazy to believe. So so there's there. On 613 00:34:40,400 --> 00:34:43,920 Speaker 2: one hand, ancient Egypt was just so evidently ancient as 614 00:34:43,960 --> 00:34:47,759 Speaker 2: a great civilization, you could imagine things, many things you 615 00:34:47,800 --> 00:34:49,960 Speaker 2: had might have come from it. But then also as 616 00:34:50,000 --> 00:34:52,799 Speaker 2: you're saying, there's just this clear spread of say the 617 00:34:52,800 --> 00:34:54,160 Speaker 2: cult of isis. 618 00:34:54,120 --> 00:34:57,280 Speaker 1: Yeah, and at the same time, yes, sometimes attributing things 619 00:34:57,360 --> 00:35:02,160 Speaker 1: to the Egyptians that that they probably didn't invent. Like 620 00:35:02,760 --> 00:35:08,680 Speaker 1: Fritz mentions that that Diodorus credited of Cyrus with the 621 00:35:08,680 --> 00:35:12,400 Speaker 1: invention of great cultivation and ultimately wine making, though there 622 00:35:12,440 --> 00:35:15,480 Speaker 1: does not seem to be evidence of this, you know 623 00:35:15,520 --> 00:35:19,040 Speaker 1: that they're that wine and great cultivation has an Egyptian 624 00:35:19,080 --> 00:35:22,839 Speaker 1: origin now, but eventually we do see more of a 625 00:35:22,880 --> 00:35:28,160 Speaker 1: full on appropriation and recreation of Egyptian concepts. And in 626 00:35:28,320 --> 00:35:30,279 Speaker 1: one of the strong examples of this, and one that 627 00:35:30,360 --> 00:35:34,759 Speaker 1: concerns of Cyrus is the god so Rapists. This would 628 00:35:34,760 --> 00:35:39,480 Speaker 1: have been a Greco Egyptian syncretic deity. So it's it's 629 00:35:39,640 --> 00:35:45,120 Speaker 1: like an amalgam of both Cyrus and in Oppus, as 630 00:35:45,120 --> 00:35:47,359 Speaker 1: well as aspects of various Greek deities, Like I think 631 00:35:47,360 --> 00:35:50,279 Speaker 1: there's a little Zeus and Hades in there. This would 632 00:35:50,280 --> 00:35:52,720 Speaker 1: have been a being that would have that would have 633 00:35:52,719 --> 00:35:58,120 Speaker 1: become popular on under the the Ptolemaic rule. But still 634 00:35:58,120 --> 00:36:01,279 Speaker 1: that doesn't mean that, for instance, that doesn't really seem 635 00:36:01,280 --> 00:36:04,280 Speaker 1: to impact Isis. Based on what I've read, the worship 636 00:36:04,320 --> 00:36:07,400 Speaker 1: of Isis may have spread even more in Roman culture. 637 00:36:07,760 --> 00:36:11,080 Speaker 1: Worship of Isis would travel along trade routes through the 638 00:36:11,120 --> 00:36:15,280 Speaker 1: Mediterranean world, into Spain and even to the British Isles, 639 00:36:15,360 --> 00:36:19,200 Speaker 1: so I think there I've read articles about archaeological evidence 640 00:36:19,320 --> 00:36:23,200 Speaker 1: of Isis worship, like ancient Isis worship in London. So 641 00:36:23,239 --> 00:36:26,040 Speaker 1: I'm not talking about like later periods of Egypt Domania 642 00:36:26,080 --> 00:36:29,279 Speaker 1: where you had occultists and so forth bringing in the 643 00:36:29,280 --> 00:36:35,560 Speaker 1: concept of Isis, but kind of like original Isis worship, 644 00:36:35,600 --> 00:36:38,000 Speaker 1: if you will. But then again to the point, and 645 00:36:38,000 --> 00:36:39,680 Speaker 1: I don't want to go through all the examples of 646 00:36:39,680 --> 00:36:42,880 Speaker 1: Egypt Domania. I do recommend everyone check out that book, 647 00:36:42,920 --> 00:36:45,160 Speaker 1: because this is a book that deals not only with 648 00:36:45,280 --> 00:36:50,600 Speaker 1: like ancient Egyptian religion and culture in its origin, but 649 00:36:50,680 --> 00:36:54,839 Speaker 1: also these various levels of Egypt Domania from like you know, 650 00:36:54,880 --> 00:36:57,319 Speaker 1: dealing with examples from say the Victorian world and the 651 00:36:57,360 --> 00:37:01,719 Speaker 1: Renaissance on up through like trashy b movies give like, 652 00:37:02,360 --> 00:37:05,840 Speaker 1: you know, brief breakdowns of some really bad mummy movies. 653 00:37:05,880 --> 00:37:09,400 Speaker 1: But they are examples of at least the reverberations of 654 00:37:09,560 --> 00:37:15,879 Speaker 1: international and multicultural interest in ancient Egypt. And it may 655 00:37:16,000 --> 00:37:18,120 Speaker 1: in many cases it might not be that deep. You know, 656 00:37:18,160 --> 00:37:19,719 Speaker 1: it might be just like, oh, I kind of like 657 00:37:19,760 --> 00:37:21,600 Speaker 1: how this looks and this sounds weird to me, so 658 00:37:21,640 --> 00:37:23,880 Speaker 1: I'm gonna make a horror movie. But it's still, you know, 659 00:37:24,000 --> 00:37:30,120 Speaker 1: reverberations are the same energy. But we'll mention one really quickly. 660 00:37:30,520 --> 00:37:34,360 Speaker 1: So during Renaissance Egyptomania, there was there was still a 661 00:37:34,400 --> 00:37:37,920 Speaker 1: fair amount of pull toward Osyrus. There's a character that 662 00:37:38,160 --> 00:37:42,439 Speaker 1: was an Italian who was originally named Giovanni Nani who 663 00:37:42,440 --> 00:37:45,040 Speaker 1: lived fourteen thirty two through fifteen oh two, went by 664 00:37:45,040 --> 00:37:50,920 Speaker 1: the name Viterbo, and he made various connections between Etruscan 665 00:37:51,000 --> 00:37:54,440 Speaker 1: traditions and the Egyptians. But he even went so far 666 00:37:54,440 --> 00:37:58,359 Speaker 1: as to claim that the Boreses were the descendants of Osiris. 667 00:38:00,080 --> 00:38:03,360 Speaker 1: I'm not sure what sort of supporting material he made 668 00:38:03,360 --> 00:38:08,160 Speaker 1: for that, but in anyway, Osiris would continue to serve 669 00:38:08,200 --> 00:38:12,640 Speaker 1: as a central figure in various waves of Egyptomania. Moving forward, So, 670 00:38:13,400 --> 00:38:18,920 Speaker 1: Osiris is invoked in various occultist movements, and Osiris is 671 00:38:18,960 --> 00:38:23,520 Speaker 1: definitely invoked by various ancient astronaut writers. And you also 672 00:38:23,600 --> 00:38:28,440 Speaker 1: see the use of Osiris in the movements of Afrocentrists 673 00:38:28,480 --> 00:38:31,359 Speaker 1: and also Afrofuturists. It's just I mean, he is a 674 00:38:31,400 --> 00:38:35,160 Speaker 1: powerful figure mythologically, and of course he's going to We're 675 00:38:35,160 --> 00:38:37,279 Speaker 1: going to keep coming back to him and finding new 676 00:38:37,320 --> 00:38:39,960 Speaker 1: ways to sort of think about him and new ways 677 00:38:40,000 --> 00:38:41,160 Speaker 1: to invoke him. 678 00:38:41,560 --> 00:38:43,799 Speaker 2: Okay, well, I think maybe that will do it for 679 00:38:43,960 --> 00:38:47,440 Speaker 2: part one of our series on Osiris, but we've got 680 00:38:47,480 --> 00:38:49,640 Speaker 2: more to talk about next time. That's right. 681 00:38:50,080 --> 00:38:53,719 Speaker 1: We shall return in a part two and that will 682 00:38:53,760 --> 00:38:57,440 Speaker 1: be on Thursday. In the meantime, certainly write in if 683 00:38:57,480 --> 00:39:01,359 Speaker 1: you have feedback on this episode, other examples of Osiris 684 00:39:01,440 --> 00:39:04,560 Speaker 1: or isisigyptomania that you want to bring up. Everything is 685 00:39:04,640 --> 00:39:07,160 Speaker 1: fair game, but just reminder stuff Blow your Mind is 686 00:39:07,160 --> 00:39:09,759 Speaker 1: primarily a science and culture podcast with core episodes on 687 00:39:09,800 --> 00:39:12,759 Speaker 1: Tuesdays and Thursdays. On Mondays we do listener mail. On 688 00:39:12,760 --> 00:39:15,280 Speaker 1: Wednesdays we do a short form episode, and on Fridays 689 00:39:15,280 --> 00:39:17,439 Speaker 1: we set aside most serious concerns to just talk about 690 00:39:17,440 --> 00:39:20,120 Speaker 1: a weird film on Weird House Cinema. 691 00:39:20,280 --> 00:39:23,920 Speaker 2: Huge thanks as always to our excellent audio producer JJ Posway. 692 00:39:24,080 --> 00:39:25,640 Speaker 2: If you would like to get in touch with us 693 00:39:25,640 --> 00:39:28,160 Speaker 2: with feedback on this episode or any other, to suggest 694 00:39:28,239 --> 00:39:30,640 Speaker 2: topic for the future, or just to say hello, you 695 00:39:30,640 --> 00:39:33,440 Speaker 2: can email us at contact at stuff to Blow your 696 00:39:33,440 --> 00:39:41,319 Speaker 2: Mind dot com. 697 00:39:41,719 --> 00:39:44,680 Speaker 3: Stuff to Blow Your Mind is production of iHeartRadio. For 698 00:39:44,760 --> 00:39:47,560 Speaker 3: more podcasts from my Heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, 699 00:39:47,719 --> 00:40:00,960 Speaker 3: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows 700 00:40:00,960 --> 00:40:02,759 Speaker 3: with rat Rat Rat Rat